Dust extraction fan. Silent duct fans for exhaust: from selection to operation. Silent duct fans: care features

Deletion problem unpleasant odors stands in front of many residents of megacities. It is especially relevant in old houses with natural channels. As part of today's review, we will consider silent duct fans for exhaust hoods, analyze their types and advantages / disadvantages. Along the way, we will deal with those technical characteristics that you should definitely pay attention to, and tell you how to properly install such a fan and, if necessary, repair it. And we end our story with a review best models duct fans.

In the phrase of the title of the subsection, there are two terms that need to be parsed. These are "channel" and "exhaust". With the second, everything is easier. That is, the device must be installed on the exhaust section of the ventilation system. To make it clear what we are talking about, we explain that ventilation works on the principle of removal air masses and the same amount of inflow. One does not exist without the other.

Fans can be installed on or on an exhaust fan. Exhaust models are most often used. By the way, such devices include roof fans or centrifugal "snails" installed on the street.

The channel unit is a completely different design. It is cylindrical in shape, inside which a fan is mounted. That is, the device itself can become a continuation of the duct ventilation system or it can be installed in the body of the wall, or rather in a through hole made in the wall. More often, such models are called air, but no matter how they call it, the essence remains the same - air extraction with a fan.

Why is a silent fan better for a hood?

Now let's see why such fans are called silent. Any equipment that has rotating parts makes certain sounds associated with the formation of vibration. Fans have another reason to make noise - this is the air flow that passes through inner space device.

Attention! According to SNiP 23-03-2003:SN 2.2.4 / 2.1.8.562-96, the noise level inside residential premises should not exceed 35 dB. For comparison, there are several options for noise levels.

It is under the value of 35 dB that the noise level of the operating device is adjusted. This is achieved in several ways:

1. High-precision bearings are installed in the design of the fan, which are devoid of such properties as runout. No beat - no vibration of the motor shaft on which the fan impeller is mounted.
2. Precise balancing of the blades on the impeller creates conditions for the complete absence of vibration of the air flow.
3. Accurate selection of the number of blades, their angle of inclination.
4. Use inside the body of gaskets made of special rubber. In the process of down with operation, it does not burst and does not tear. Gaskets are installed between the fan housing and the legs (brackets) of the electric motor.

All this in a compartment creates conditions for silent operation of devices. Their noise level does not exceed 25 dB. That is why they got their name.

Varieties of duct fans

Basically silent or bathroom are divided into two categories:

• in shape,
• by design.

In the first case, there are two groups: with a round section of the body and with a rectangular one. In the second it axial fans, radial and centrifugal. Duct fans for round ducts are most often used in private housing construction. But there is one moment that determines the installation location.

For example, very often the exhaust section of a ventilation system is a vertical pipe (usually plastic or concrete) that permeates the building from the roof. They hide such an air duct in the walls during the construction process or build it in the form of a separate box. You can not install a duct fan in it. Because if the device fails, it will not be possible to repair or replace it. On such an air duct, you can put a roof model. Duct devices are mounted in air ducts that remain outside the building structures. For example, collected in the attic.

As for rectangular units, they can be attributed to the group industrial fans for extraction. But this does not mean that they are not used in residential housing construction. Rectangular shape air ducts are also used in residential or office buildings. The photo below shows one of the models made of plastic. This is a wall or ceiling type device with a rectangular body. Pay attention to its blades, this is a centrifugal type fan. His blades are located along the direction of air flow.

Axial fans

An axial model or axial model is a device in which the direction of air movement corresponds to the location of the axis of the electric motor. An impeller is mounted on it. It is this design that has received great use in everyday life, because:

• it has a low-power electric motor;
• but this power is sufficient to provide the required air exchange both in living quarters and in office ones;
• simple tube design.

Attention! By themselves, axial fans are the quietest among all models used.

Radial

The principle of operation of these devices differs from the previous ones in that the movement of air masses does not occur along the axis of the motor shaft, but with an inclination depending on the slope of the impeller blades. They can be tilted back or forward. Accordingly, with a forward slope, the fans are installed on the air supply, with a reverse slope on the exhaust.

But the slope affects not only the direction of the flow. There are other features as well:

Exhaust duct fans for the kitchen or bathroom are generally radial models.

Centrifugal

The duct type centrifugal exhaust fan is a novelty that has appeared on the market relatively recently. But she took her place firmly. A distinctive feature of this variety is the impeller with blades that are located longitudinally to the axis and do not have a slope in the longitudinal plane. They have a slope at the transverse plane.

The devices got their name only due to the fact that during the rotation of the impeller, the blades throw air towards the body of the apparatus, where a zone is formed. high blood pressure. And in the center, on the contrary, there is a zone of low pressure. That is, there is a sharp movement of air from the center. It is the pressure difference inside the housing that creates the conditions under which external air begins to be sucked into the unit.

And another distinctive feature is a special manifold that acts as a diffuser. Its design helps to facilitate the suction of air inside the fan.

Design and details of the duct fan

As mentioned above, the design of duct fans is a housing inside which an electric motor is installed. An impeller is attached to the shaft of the latter. The case has cylindrical shape, but the length of the cylinder may be quite large relative to the diameter or not very large. The first includes models that are mounted on walls. To the second, which are installed in duct systems.

The first are supplied with two decorative ones, which are installed on the surfaces of the walls located on different sides. The latter are attached to the air ducts with special collectors on clamps, which are supplied with the fan. The latter are usually sold assembled.

Some models are equipped with check valves that prevent air from moving in unusual situations. reverse side i.e. inside the building. We must pay tribute to the fact that although the exhaust fan with check valve more expensive, but it protects interior spaces from improper operation of the ventilation system. For example, summer, heat, the fan "passed out" for some reason. If the temperature inside the house is lower than outside, then the air will begin to move in the opposite direction. The check valve will prevent this from happening.

Technical characteristics of duct fans and selection rules

Like all devices of this type, channel ones have one main characteristic: power (performance). More precisely, the volume of air that passes through the device per unit of time. Usually used to measure Cubic Meters passing in one hour - m³ / h.

This indicator depends on two parameters:

• the speed of rotation of the electric motor (impeller), and the higher the speed, the higher the performance;
• the overall dimensions of the fan itself, the larger they are, the greater the power.

In addition, it is necessary when choosing to pay attention to other qualities of the device. Namely:

1. Security class. This refers to protection against dust and moisture. This is especially important if .
2. Functionality. Here it is implied automatic operation device or standard. The second refers to the function when the device starts working when turned on. To the first, when it turns on at certain intervals programmed in the settings.

Fan performance

By eye, this option cannot be selected. Because it will depend on the required air exchange in the room. If we are talking about the general ventilation of the house, and not about a specific room, then you will have to add up the air exchange values ​​\u200b\u200bof all the rooms of the house. This will be the performance of the fan.

For example, a house in which the total living area is 100 m², the ceiling height is 3 m. In them, the air exchange will be equal to the volume of the room, that is, 300 m³ / h. Here we must add the air exchange of the toilet and bathroom - 25 m / h each and the kitchen 60 ÷ 90, depending on the type and. It turns out:

300 + 25 + 25 + 70 = 420 m³/h.

This is the performance of the fan.

Geometric dimensions

The marking of fans of this type is based on the diameter of the inlet and outlet. Standard size for this parameter: 100 mm, 125, 160, 200, 250 and 315. Duct fan for exhaust 100 and 125 mm are classified as household. Inline fans 160 and 200 mm are more often installed in restaurants, cafes, shops large area and other institutions. The rest can be attributed to industrial models that are mounted in the air exhaust system. production shops. All of them are powered by 220 V electricity.

For example, let's analyze devices of the VKK brand (duct fan round section), the photo and the table below show its dimensional parameters.

How to install a duct fan

From the photo shown above, we can conclude that the device itself is selected according to the diameter of the duct. For example, if an exhaust fan with a diameter of 100 mm is installed in the system, then the air duct must also be of this size.

1. So, the installation begins with the disassembly of the device itself. It is necessary to unscrew the clamps and pull out the fan itself.
2. After that, the supply with two branch pipes, which are rigidly connected to each other, and more often they are a single part, is mounted in the air duct. That is, the nozzles are inserted into the two ends of the pipes, between which the fan is installed.
3. The stand or brackets are attached to the wall or ceiling, or to any other flat surface(columns, arches, etc.), near which the piping runs. Fastening is made on dowels and self-tapping screws.
4. The fan is inserted into its place, attached to the nozzles with clamps, under which rubber gaskets are laid.

Attention! The distance from the elbow to the inlet pipe must not be less than one diameter. In the case of silent duct fans 100 mm, this distance should not be less than 10 cm. The distance from the outlet to the outlet or fitting should not be less than three diameters.

How to properly care

If we are talking about devices that are installed in the duct system, then maintenance is rarely carried out, especially if the pumped air is dry and clean. Once every two or three years, you can open it and clean it from dust. If possible, you can try lubricating the bearings. But, as practice shows, this is a matter for professionals.

As for fans that are installed in walls, it is recommended to remove them once a year. decorative lattices and clean the inside of the cylinder. Everything else is not available.

Do-it-yourself duct fan repair

Here's what is never recommended to do - do-it-yourself repairs. Typically, the fan motor or capacitor fails. If the first burned out, then it will have to be replaced with a new one. And it’s not a fact that you will find a motor in the store that matches the brand of the engine.

As for the capacitor, if you understand something in electrics, then you can handle the replacement. To do this, you will have to measure the capacitance of the part with a multimeter. If it corresponds to the passport (indicated on the case) or a little more, then it's not about him. But if the capacity is less, then you have to change. By the way, it is necessary to measure the parameter with the capacitor disconnected from the network with its preliminary discharge (close the two ends with a wire).

But, as practice shows, high-quality models will serve faithfully for more than a dozen years. And if at one point there was a failure in work, it is better to put a new one instead.

Article

Official dealer and representative of the main Russian manufacturers of fans. Direct wholesale deliveries.

Are intended for work as a part of systems of ventilation of production and industrial rooms. Their main function is the removal of small particles and dust from the air, the suction of metal dust, the movement of welding slag and sawdust in the air stream, the selection of dusty air in the manufacture of cement and concrete products.

As well as high power and performance, dust fans are characterized by:

• ease of maintenance
• easy installation,
• reliable operation.

During operation, the fans generate a powerful air flow, the pressure of which is sufficient for effective removal from the room of dust and smallest particles. At the same time, the model range is quite large and allows you to choose ventilation equipment in absolute accordance with the most stringent or special requirements.

Dust fans are equipped with various electric motors, and equipment specifications may vary depending on the model. For example, the impellers have a speed range of 1450-2800 rpm, and the minimum power is from 1.2 (low-power dust fans) to 25 m3/h (the most powerful). Minimum power electric motor - 1.5 kW, maximum - 2800 kW.

Russian dust radial (centrifugal) fans offered by our company meet domestic quality and reliability standards, which guarantees the best choice for specific operating conditions without extra costs. The cost of equipment is competitively low for this line of equipment.

Interchangeable fans VCP 6-46, VCP 7-40, VR 100-45, VRP-115-45

Dust fans VTsP 6-46 and VTsP 7-40 operate on one-sided suction and have a spiral swivel housing and a two-way direction of rotation. The purpose of these devices is the movement of gas and dust-air non-aggressive mixtures without the content of sticky substances in the systems of dust-cleaning plants, ventilation and pneumatic transport, to eliminate wood and metal filings and dust from machine tools, etc. The main characteristics of medium pressure dust fans are high performance and power, reliability and ease of installation, operation and maintenance.

Dust fans of the BP 100-45 series are designed for transporting non-abrasive and non-explosive gas and dust-air mixtures up to 80°C, including mechanical solids and dust not more than 1 kg/m3, provided there are no fibrous and sticky substances. The BP 100-45 fan is equipped with a split-type bearing unit, thanks to which it is possible to replace the bearings without removing the impeller. Dust fans of this series are designed to remove dusty air in the manufacture of reinforced concrete and cement, the movement of grain waste, wool and other products of production.

Dust fans VRP-115-45 - a series used for aspiration of dust and chips from machine tools, inclusion of cereals and grain in pneumatic transport systems, air conditioning in workshops, as well as for suction of dusty air masses on cement plants and for other industrial purposes.

Dust fans of domestic production

They are distinguished by simple installation and high performance, adapted to Russian conditions.

Scope of dust fans VR, VRP, VCP:

• removal of sawdust and shavings in the woodworking industry;
• removal of dust and slag from welding equipment;
• extraction of metal dust (aspiration) in industrial production;
• purification of dusty air in the production of cereal masses and pneumatic transport of grain and grain waste;
• selection of dust-polluted air in the production of cement and reinforced concrete products;
• replacement of VR, VRP, VCP fans. The interchangeability of dust fans of these series is important design feature attractive to the consumer.

Dust fans fully comply with Russian operating conditions in production and accepted quality standards. All models have certificates of conformity and are protected by manufacturer's warranties.

You can choose and buy fans of several series from us:

• BP - medium pressure;
• VRP - medium and low pressure;
• VCP - medium pressure.

All models of centrifugal dust fans are single inlet, with right and left hand rotation. Execution in two options: from carbonaceous steel, from stainless steel (corrosion-resistant).

Features of the model range of VR, VRP, VCP fans

Our catalog includes four popular series of interchangeable, effective in various industries production of radial dust fans:

Dust fan VR 100-45. Series used to remove dusty air in cement and reinforced concrete products, as well as for transporting dusty products, incl. in workshops producing grain waste and cereals. of this series is equipped with a bearing assembly having a split design and a bearing bigger size from the side of the impeller. These features significantly increase the reliability of operation;

VRP-115-45. A series designed for the extraction of metal dust and shavings in metalworking enterprises. Dust fans work effectively as part of systems for pneumatic transportation of grain, cereal masses, aspiration of dusty air masses at cement-producing enterprises, etc. Medium pressure models are single suction and have a carbon steel or corrosive 'stainless steel' swivel volute body. Equipped with a split bearing assembly, which increases maintainability - bearings can be replaced without removing the impeller;

VCP 6-46, VCP 7-40. A series of dust fans designed to move dust-gas-air non-aggressive mixtures that do not contain sticky substances in dust cleaning systems, ventilation and aspiration of dust air pollution in industrial sectors. High performance, reliability, and simple installation and maintenance. In particular, the split bearing assembly allows for the replacement of bearings in the housing without the need to remove the fan impeller.

We offer dust fans Russian manufacturer in an assortment sufficient to select a model suitable for certain conditions of use. Distinctive feature of these fans - the price is low for high-quality equipment.

Our experts will provide you with a more complete and detailed information concerning specifications, installation and operation. They will also help you choose and buy fans that meet the requirements of a particular production.

Exhaust fans are one of the most common types. ventilation equipment. They are used in exhaust ventilation systems and are designed to remove exhausted polluted air with a low oxygen content from the premises.

The scope of application of exhaust fans is wide and varied. They are installed in bathrooms and toilets, in kitchens, spray booths, workshops, cafes, greenhouses, etc.

Depending on the design, fans are divided into axial, radial and centrifugal.

By functional purpose All devices can be divided into two large groups:

Household exhaust fans used in apartments, residential buildings and small offices

And industrial exhaust fans, the price of which is higher than for household ones. This is explained increased power, strength and longer working life of these devices. The scope of their application is industrial workshops, hangars, storage and utility rooms etc.

Fans designed for domestic use, are increasingly appearing in modern apartments. Fashion for "European-quality repairs" with replacement wooden windows on plastic sealed double-glazed windows violates existing systems ventilation with natural draft and requires the organization of mechanically driven ventilation. Often exhaust ventilation installed in bathrooms, toilets and kitchens. Its purpose is to clean the air from soot, dust, unpleasant odors, oil, grease, excess moisture and other contaminants. Before you buy an exhaust fan for your home, pay special attention to its noise level and dimensions. A useful option would be the presence of a check valve in it. Such designs are especially good for equipping a ventilation system in high-rise building, where several apartments use common exhaust channels. The non-return valve is designed to prevent the reverse flow of air from the ventilation ducts, so its presence will help protect the room from small debris (dust, poplar fluff, etc.) and odors coming from neighboring apartments. For industrial installations, characteristics such as maximum air flow and maximum total pressure are important. The main task of an exhaust fan designed for mounting on industrial facilities- extract from the production workshops of air containing various industrial pollution, and bring the content in it harmful substances to safe settings. Air quality requirements are established by relevant regulatory legal acts in the field of labor protection.

Our company provides you wide selection ventilation equipment for residential, administrative and industrial facilities. Any exhaust fan that you can buy in our company has an official manufacturer's warranty and has high quality characteristics.

You may also be interested in the following types

Assumes correct selection equipment. One of the representatives of such equipment is a dust fan, the choice of which is carried out according to strictly defined indicators. The device itself must have a special design in order to work effectively in heavily dusty rooms and be able to move polluted air from large quantity solid particles.

All dust fans are structurally produced of a radial type or, as they are also called, centrifugal. There is no generally accepted classification of such equipment, but they are usually divided according to certain criteria:

• By appointment.
• By generated pressure.
• By the speed of the generated air flow.

Radial dust fans belong to the equipment class special purpose.

Special Purpose Fans

Dust fans for special purposes are devices designed for pumping and transporting non-aggressive air mixtures with a pollution density not higher than 1 kg / m3. These fans are not designed to work with sticky and fibrous materials. They can be used in the temperature range from -40 C to +80 C and are successfully used in aspiration and pneumatic conveying systems for grain crops.

There is also equipment that is designed for pumping explosive gases and air-gas mixtures. high temperature. It is produced in limited quantities to order a specific production, and has a significant cost.

Design features

dusty centrifugal fan consists of a "spiral" or "volute" body, which can be made from several grades of steel, depending on the purpose and conditions of use: galvanized, carbon, or alloyed. Also in the design of the body there are intake pipes, an engine and an impeller made in accordance with the purpose of this device.

There are two mounting options:

• On the motor shaft.
• The electric motor drives the impeller through a belt drive.

In order to particulate matter did not get stuck between the body of the device and the impeller, a rather large gap is made between them, therefore such devices have a coefficient useful action smaller than general purpose fans.

Despite the fact that the equipment is used quite often in many industrial enterprises, only three types are commercially available.

• TsP7-40 - has a diskless wheel with six blades. To reduce the level of noise generated by it, the wheel blades are bent forward. Some design features of this device allow you to assemble it for both right and left rotation.
• TsP6-46 - has an impeller, which consists of a disk with 6 blades attached to it. Due to some design features, this type of dust equipment cannot work on high speeds, therefore it is considered a low-pressure apparatus.
• TsP6-45 - structurally does not differ from previous model, but has blades curved forward. Thus, the possibility of a significant reduction in the cost of operating this equipment is achieved.

These devices have significant differences in the pressure generated. Many businesses require the creation high pressure, up to 12 kPa. Devices of such performance are called high-pressure dust fans. For certain conditions operation, impeller blades are made of wear-resistant and anti-corrosion materials, among which the most commonly used are: titanium and its alloys, vinyl plastic, stainless steel.

The device with a plastic wheel has a higher anti-corrosion performance, even than of stainless steel, but is significantly inferior in strength. The main advantage of such devices is their speed. Some models are able to develop peripheral speeds up to 30 m/s.

Scope of application

Dust fans have found the widest application in the field of Agriculture, agricultural sector and industry. Most often, devices are used in industry to remove dust pollution from the air, sawdust and metal chips directly from working area. This equipment has found wide application in welding shops when removing smoke and slag. Such devices are used in pneumatic transport installations for moving grain products.

Advice:
When removing abrasive particles, especially in aggressive environments, you should choose a fan with blades exclusively made of wear-resistant and hard alloys.

Household exhaust fans are devices whose main function is to high-quality air extraction from the premises with high humidity e.g. toilet, bathroom, kitchen. The main task of such devices is to remove excess moisture from the air in the room, and thus prevent the occurrence of fungus and mold. It is also important that the hood neutralizes unpleasant odors, filters harmful gases and dust that can harm the human body..

When buying a domestic exhaust fan, it is important to consider the main parameters:

• the main function of the hood;
• room size;
• the number of people who are constantly in the room.

It is on these characteristics that the calculation of the volume of air required for extracting depends.

If you want to buy a fan for home use, pay attention to wall-mounted household fans. They are equipped with a check valve that prevents the exhaust air from entering the room. Using such fans at home, you will protect yourself from dust, gases, unpleasant odors and others negative factors. Their performance is small, it is better not to use them in rooms with a huge area, but in a small room you can provide a comfortable climate for residents with the help of an exhaust fan. The price of this device is worth it to make this purchase.

Such a device works almost silently.

Buy from us: price, delivery and installation of an exhaust fan

We offer our customers to buy an exhaust fan, the price of which will please you. In addition, we will deliver the goods you purchased to the city you specified without delay. If you need installation, our team of specialists will perform it quickly and efficiently.