Where to put a septic tank. Septic tank on the site and the nuances of its correct location. Distance from the fence

We have prepared for you instructions for installing a septic tank with your own hands in just 7 simple steps.

Step 1. Choosing a location

When choosing a place in the country for a septic tank, consider the following:

1. Possibility of access to the septic tank at the dacha of the tank-pump for pumping sludge. And although modern sewage trucks can pump out the contents from a distance of 50 meters, for reliability, the distance should not exceed 6-10 meters.
2. Since the KLEN-5 and KLEN-5N septic tanks provide for the possibility of pumping out the contents into compost pit(via fecal pump), in accordance with sanitary and hygienic standards, the septic tank must be located at a distance of 5 meters or more from any well, well or reservoir (preferably 10 meters).
3. Distance from country house to the septic tank should be from two to twenty meters. Optimal Distance is 3-6 meters.
4. Normally, the pipeline from a country house to a septic tank should be laid in a straight line. If this is not possible, an inspection pipe must be installed in front of the bend during its installation.
5. We recommend installing a septic tank slightly below the level of a country house, and along the natural slope of the area - this is important for a good outflow Wastewater.

Step 2. Preparation of the pit

Before you start digging a pit in the country, purchase the cleaning system itself, pipes and sand (3-4 cubic meters). Otherwise, a dug pit in a day or two may be flooded with water or its walls will shed.

Below is a summary table of the dimensions of the pit for KLEN septic tanks, taking into account the depth of 0.5 meters and 1 meter.

We fill the bottom of the finished pit with a layer of sand - a pillow of 5-10 cm and level it with a level.

The photo shows a finished pit for a KLEN septic tank.

Step 3. Installation of a septic tank

Please note that to install septic tanks you will need ropes, foam and sand.

We tie the ropes to the technological ledges on the sides of the septic tank and lower it into the pit. This will require 4 people.

We level the septic tank according to the level - for this we stand on it upper part and swing it, or you can pour sand under the septic tank itself. A slight slope towards the drive is allowed - 1 cm by 1 m.

After installing and leveling the septic tank, insert the neck extensions and completely fill all sections with water.

Attention! According to the instructions, it is not necessary to attach a septic tank to concrete slab in order to avoid extrusion to the surface of the earth, because this will not happen in any case - the septic tank is constantly filled with water and has a special shape.

Now, along the edges of the septic tank and on top, we lay the foam - for this you need a sheet of 1x2 meters 5 cm thick.
On all sides up to half with sand, which is then spilled with water to compact the backfill.

Step 4. Installing the pipeline

For laying a pipeline in the ground, we need plastic pipesØ110 mm - they red-orange color and pipes gray color for wiring inside the house.
We dig a trench between the septic tank and the house - its depth is 0.6 m (according to SNiP, the norm of the sewer pipe is 0.3-0.7 m), and the width is 0.4 m. The diagram reflects the type and size of the trench.

(Only for KLEN 5H and KLEN 7H) Together with the pipe we lay electrical wire in the corrugation (its section is 1.5x3), which we pull from the drive, where the pump will be located, to the electrical outlet inside the house, and put a plug on it.


Attention! It is necessary to lay the pipe under a slope to the septic tank - its value is 1.5-3 cm per meter. If the slope is less, blockages will form due to poor outflow of water, if more, the water will leave faster than feces, which also leads to blockages.

It is not necessary to insulate the pipe - the water in it does not stagnate and does not freeze, because. a sufficiently warm liquid flows out of the house, which immediately enters the septic tank, before it has time to freeze. The rest of the time the pipe is empty, so there is simply nothing to freeze.

Attention! If it is necessary to lay the pipeline with bends, try to keep them as few as possible, but at the same time it is better to replace one 90 ° bend with 2 45 ° bends. If the angle of rotation is 45° or more, it is necessary to install an inspection pipe (before the bend).

Step 5. Ventilation device

Septic tank ventilation is very important to maximize the potential of the septic tank and get rid of stagnant processes and unpleasant odors.

To install ventilation, you will need sewage pipe gray color Ø 110 mm and length from 2 meters.

The photo shows examples of ventilation installation.(click on the photo you are interested in)

Step 6. Arrangement of drainage

There are several options for removing treated water from a septic tank, such as a drainage well or surface drainage, with the latter having a huge advantage both financially and technically.

Since the most commonly used model of KLEN septic tanks is KLEN 5N, we will consider a drainage device specifically for this septic tank. The most practical and convenient scheme for installation and revision is surface drainage, and we will consider it.

Surface drainage

Since the resorption area of ​​the discharged water during surface drainage is 5 times greater than the area drainage well(5 sq/m vs 1 sq/m), surface drainage 10 meters long can be placed above the water table. To do this, we will use a flexible corrugated pipe with holes. You can also purchase a ready-made kit (set) for surface drainage. (click on the photo you are interested in)

We dig a trench 0.5-0.6 m deep and 0.4 m wide, the length is 10 meters - it will run in the direction from the septic tank along the ditch or parallel to the fence. If there is a natural slope, you need to use it, otherwise we lay the pipe with a slight slope - 1 cm per meter of trench.

In the dug trench, we first lay a special non-rotting fabric made of polypropylene (geo-textile), the edges of which are fixed with pegs to the ground.

The diagram shows the laying of the pipe. (click on the photo you are interested in)

Other methods of wastewater

In order for you to see the full picture, we have also prepared for you diagrams of other drainage options. (click on the photo you are interested in)

Septic tanks, especially those that use mechanical way upholding, pose a danger to environment. Therefore, unauthorized and uncontrolled installation of treatment facilities is prohibited. And if you decide to arrange a sewer in your house, and you want to use a septic tank as a treatment plant, it doesn’t matter if it’s a factory-made device or one made by yourself, the first thing to do is to draw up a project, approve it in the SES and get permission to install it.

But in order to be guaranteed approval, the project must comply with all standards, both construction and sanitary. The main point in the design is the installation site of the septic tank on the site.

The location of the septic tank on the site

When planning a place for installing a cleaning device, you need to follow the rules, this is the only way you can be sure that there will be no problems in the future. After all, even having received permission from the relevant authorities, you cannot do as you like, it is possible that in the future the work carried out will be checked for compliance with the project.

Video: Sanitary standards for the construction of wells and septic tanks

Regulations

When installing a septic tank, you will have to adhere to the rules and regulations that are regulated by the following documents:

1. The fundamental document, which must be guided in the first place -, it regulates the construction process outdoor network sewerage and facilities;
2. If a well or a well is used as a water supply, the requirements prescribed in - external networks and water supply and sewerage facilities and - internal water supply and sewerage of buildings are additionally taken into account;
3. – describes the requirements for security measures aimed at maintaining cleanliness surface water;
4. - regulates the rules for the creation sanitary protection zones near environmentally hazardous objects.

Distance to a well

The most stringent requirements are prescribed for placing a septic tank near water intake points. It's no secret that getting sewage into ground water can lead to pollution a large number sources and cause poisoning in humans.

And even taking into account the fact that today most factory installations are hermetically sealed and made from heavy-duty materials, no one is immune from an accident. That is why, the distance from the septic tank to the source drinking water(well, well, etc.) should be as large as possible.

A properly located septic tank should be located at a distance of 20 meters or more from a well or well. In addition, the water intake point must be located above it in the direction of groundwater flow. However, if the site is dominated by such a type of soil as: sandy, sandy or loamy, then the minimum allowable distance increases to 50 meters.

Distance to water supply

AT normative documents the rules are also written for the location of the septic tank near the pipes of the centralized water supply. It says that the sump should be no closer than 10 meters from the water supply. This will protect the water supply from contamination in the event of an accident.

Distance to home

According to the rules, the distance from the house to the treatment plant should be at least 5 meters. This requirement must first of all be observed for wastewater treatment systems (infiltrators, drainage ditches, filter fields, etc.). Local treatment plants, such as for example, can be installed closer.

It is also not desirable to locate settling tanks more than 5 meters, since the longer the length of the pipeline, the higher the risk of its depressurization. Therefore, the installation of septic tanks more than 20 meters from the foundation of the house is not recommended.

Distance to neighboring plot, fence

Of course, you want to place the septic tank aside and away from your home, but you should not ignore the interests of your neighbors. Therefore, when drawing up a project, the following rules should be considered:

1. from the fence of the neighboring area to the septic tank must be at least 2 m;
2. to the road with busy traffic - 5 meters.

Distance to garden

Plants can die from too much moisture. If there is a treatment plant near the garden, then trees and shrubs can get sick and die from excessive moisture. Therefore, the location of the septic tank, and especially the systems of soil post-treatment of wastewater, is not desirable closer than 5 meters from the trees.

Other requirements

When choosing a place for the installation of a septic tank, factors such as:

• installation is recommended to be done in places with soft soil, this greatly facilitates earthworks;
• from the foundation of outbuildings to the septic tank must be at least 3 m;
• SNiP also regulates the regular cleaning of sedimentation chambers, therefore treatment facilities must have a free entrance for a sewage truck.

If the area is small

Not everyone can boast that they are the owner of the site large area. On the small area with an area of ​​​​a maximum of 6 acres, several beds and a tool shed barely fit. And you still want comfortable conditions with toilet and bath in the house.

However, if it is not possible to comply with all norms and distances, this is not a reason to violate them. Perhaps you should think about another sewage device. You can, for example, make a simple storage tank.

A sealed container is buried in the ground and all drains are poured into it. As it fills up, the water is pumped out by a sewage truck. The disadvantage of this option is: fixed costs for pumping and odor.

Another way to create sewer system on a small plot there is a biological treatment plant. They produce full cycle purification, that is, the water is purified by 98% and there is no need to create additional devices for cleaning. The disadvantage is the high price.

Video: What is the distance from the septic tank to the house should be so that the foundation does not subside

Even at the design stage of a private house, you need to take into account the availability of future amenities. The water that will be used must go somewhere, and waste should not poison the environment, so the location of the septic tank on the site must be provided in advance. This question is also relevant for those whose house has already been built, because it is not always possible to connect your home to the central sewer.

The priority requirement for storage septic tank is its tightness. In addition, there are a number of rules officially established by the relevant authorities and they must be observed.

Note! Under no circumstances should sewage be mixed with drinking water! This threatens with serious diseases.

Place a septic tank on your territory, if its area allows, it is better with back side houses without windows. The fact is that the septic tank must have a ventilation pipethrough which gas escapes - the result of decay. In this case, it is necessary to maintain a sufficient distance from the neighbors. It must be at least 2 m before their fence.

Considering that such a septic tank is emptied more often than others, it is necessary to provide for the access of heavy vehicles to it. The sewage equipment should freely get close to the septic tank, especially for residential facilities. If the area is very large, you should not install a septic tank in the farthest corner.

Before the device of the structure, which will clean up the drains, the place of its “deployment” must be chosen more carefully.

If this is artificial filtration in a sealed container, the place where the water will be discharged for discharge must be determined in accordance with the regulations. This may be a well or a ditch if the drains are sufficiently cleared.

If the septic tank with natural filtration will be built from concrete rings or other heavy material independently, it must fully meet the requirements of SNIP ( building codes and rules). When choosing a site for digging a pit, it is also better to take into account the opinion of neighbors in order to avoid spoiled relations.

Linking septic tanks to distances

When choosing an installation site for almost any type of septic tank, certain distances must be observed:

• From the foundation The septic tank must be at least 5 m away from the building, otherwise there is a possibility that the building will be washed away with water. The consequences of this can be devastating, and if the house has basement, it will constantly "suffer" from moisture.
• Well or well with drinking water must be protected from the septic tank by a distance of at least 30 m, this is provided that the soil allows the treated drains to freely go deep into the ground. Depending on this, the distance can be increased.
• From the fence, bordering on the neighboring territory, the septic tank is installed at 2 m.
• Plantations, especially trees, it is better to "leave away" from the septic tank, but this does not apply to small bushes and flowers. Unlike trees, their roots will not rot from a large amount of moisture, because they are located in the upper part of the soil and vice versa, they will mask the nondescript look of the hatch. The distance from the septic tank to the trees varies from 3 m or more.
• If the plot bordering the river or flows through Creek, the distance from the septic tank to them must be at least 10 m. household chemicals. If it enters the reservoir, it will harm its inhabitants.
• If the territory passes water pipes, the septic tank should be located 10 m from it. Damage to these lines is not uncommon, resulting in the risk of harmful bacteria entering the water.

Binding septic tanks to the relief

Entire cities and towns are often located on hilly terrain. What can I say if it is, for example, a suburban area. Difficulties arise when choosing a place for your septic tank on a “clumsy” surface for many, but here you need to build on three main indicators:

1. The septic tank must be located so that the equipment can "get" it. If this does not happen, then all the contents of your container will have to be taken out and put somewhere manually. Despite the high-quality liquid absorption by the soil and the multi-level sewage treatment, someday the tanks will clog, and it will be time to free them from heavy rainfall.
2. The septic tank must be located on some hill above the lowlands of the site. Only in this case, he will "work" only with what he should, and not with rainwater and melted snow. In other words, the septic tank will not flood.
3. If the site has water well with drinking water and it is located on a hillside, the septic tank is installed below it, in the direction of the slope. So any muck from the sewer does not get into drinking water.

If you take into account all the requirements and norms, correctly positioning the septic tank on the site, there will be no problems with its operation.

Video

This video shows how to place a septic tank in a small area:

Every suburban or country house must have its own sewer, but connection to the city sewer network, unfortunately, is not always possible. There is only one option left - the use of an autonomous sewer system with a septic tank, that is, with a special cleaning system. local facility, which is necessary for the collection and further treatment of wastewater.

But installing a septic tank is not so easy, and the point is not even the complexity of installation, but the choice of location. The fact is that the installation of septic tanks requires special requirements, because some of them even form dangerous substances such as sulfuric gas or even methane. Almost all modern requirements to such treatment facilities are set out in the Federal Law under number 52 - "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population." Also, the rules related to the choice of a place for installing a septic tank are in SanPiN 42-128-4690-88, as well as in SNiP 30-02-97. If you fully follow the instructions described there, then the septic tank will be accurately installed correctly. If the laws are violated, then administrative responsibility will surely follow, and you should not forget that the comfort of living on the territory will also be violated.

Septic tank and requirements for its installation

Let's summarize the information contained in these documents and compile a list of all the rules regarding the installation of a septic tank.

• From your country house or cottage, the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 5 meters. This rule is aimed at preventing errors when installing septic tanks. If you install a septic tank under the windows, then it will be almost impossible to open them, as there will be a sharp and bad smell. But you also need to know the measure, because with a remote location of the septic tank, there may also be problems associated with cleaning and installing sewer pipes.
• From the fence connecting your site with the neighboring one, the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 2 meters. Situations when the smell from your septic tank reaches the neighbors happen, they definitely won’t like it, and you will be brought to administrative responsibility, as mentioned earlier, but troubles can be easily avoided if you follow the rules.
• From the foundations of outbuildings (for example, sheds), the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 1 meter. This rule was introduced only because of possible unforeseen situations associated with the breakdown of a poor-quality septic tank.
• From the water pipe, the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 10 meters. Such a huge restriction is introduced in order to accurately prevent the possible ingress of sewage into water pipe. This can happen in the event of a violation of the sealing of pipes.
• From trees or shrubs, the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 4 meters. This restriction was introduced to protect the environment from excessive moisture.
• From an open reservoir, the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 30 meters. This restriction is also aimed at protecting the environment, or rather, water bodies from the possible ingress of sewage and pollutants in case of any unforeseen situations.
• From sources of drinking water (for example, from a well), the septic tank should be located at a distance of more than 50 meters. This restriction was introduced for a reason that is clear to everyone, but it can be avoided if the land on your site has low water permeability. But the chance that, for example, dense clays will lie on the site is extremely small, so you should focus on 50 meters.

Summing up

In addition to the obvious rules, it is also necessary to think about convenience. For example, we recommend measuring the direction of the wind, which is most common in summer. This is necessary in order not to accidentally install a septic tank on the windy side. Also consider access to a septic tank. The fact is that he will need constant maintenance, special cars will have to pass to him.

Alexei 03.11.2014 Septic tanks

Time outdoor toilets long gone. They were replaced by modern equipment that does not require such frequent pumping, and some models do not need it at all.

Today, most owners of private houses and summer cottages choose a septic tank on the site. This equipment is much more aesthetic, safe for the environment and does not require maintenance.

What are cleaning systems

Let's start our acquaintance with this equipment with its purpose. So, a septic tank is a sealed container used to collect and clean sewage. Depending on what material it is made of, they distinguish:

The first can be both monolithic and prefabricated from concrete rings. Although sometimes there are brick models.

But they are quite problematic to mount, so such septic tanks are not widely used.

Watch the video, how it works:

Classification is carried out according to the following criteria:

• the principle of operation;
• Form;
• Location.

According to the principle of action, they are distinguished: cumulative, with biological treatment and soil filtration.

According to their shape, they are divided into vertical and horizontal. And according to the method of location of the septic tank in this area there are:

1. Surface;
2. Underground.

There are also volatile and stand-alone installations. Which one will be installed on your site depends on many factors. Typically, the model of a septic tank is selected taking into account the regulatory requirements for its installation.

What is fraught with the wrong location

soil freezing table

Since a septic tank is a reservoir where sewage accumulates and is cleaned, special requirements are placed on it. Before proceeding with the installation, you will have to complete the project and coordinate it with the SES. This will allow you to obtain permission to carry out installation work. However, only if the project fully complies with all standards for installing a septic tank in this area.

The main issue is the right site for the equipment. So, where on the site to place a septic tank? This is determined taking into account the current standards prescribed in:

• SNiP 2.04.03-85;
• Sanpin 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03.

They indicate the distances to water intakes, residential buildings and other objects. An important condition is compliance with the norms for the installation of a septic tank near a well with drinking water. After all, it is very important that the waste does not get into the water. Otherwise, it will not only lead to pollution, but also pose a threat to human health. There should be the maximum possible distance between the tank and the well. It is determined by the height of the layers between the aquifers and the soil used as a filter for treated effluents.

Installation norms

If there is no connection between them, then a gap of at least 20 m is allowed. This can be determined using hydrogeological studies. According to experts, the best natural filters are considered light soils. If you have such soil, then the gap between the septic tank is suburban area and the well should be more than 50 m.

Installation guidelines

The septic tank is built according to sanitary standards. It is they who regulate the location of the water pipes. So, according to regulatory requirements the gap between them and the sewer should be more than 10 m. Moreover, it is usually located lower than the well, so that in the event of a breakthrough, the effluents do not enter the water.

Between the treatment system and the house, the gap is also established in accordance with the regulations for the location of the septic tank at the SNiP site. It must be more than 5 m from the foundation. Then, when drains flow out of the septic tank, they will not wash the walls of the building, and the smell will not bother the residents.

We watch the video, the rule for the location of equipment:

However, the distance from the house to the treatment system should not be very large. This is due to the difficulty of ensuring the normal operation of a very long sewer pipeline. After all, blockages can occur in it, which will be quite difficult to remove with a large length. If you still have to design such a system, then for every 15 m you need to install 1 revision well.

The regulations also regulate the following rules for installing a septic tank:

• The distance from your treatment system to the road is at least 5 m;
• The fence that is installed between you and the neighbors, and the septic tank is allowed to leave 2 m.

Layout

Except above listed rules there are other regulating the location of the septic tank on the site. So you need:

• Plan installation on soft ground - this will facilitate the process of preparing the pit;
• Provide convenient access to the well of the treatment system, as it will have to be cleaned of solid residues.

As you can see, the requirements for installing septic tanks in a summer cottage are quite simple and everyone should follow them. This will not only help you avoid emergencies and environmental pollution, but also various diseases, which can lead to the ingress of effluents into drinking water.

Correct Distance

What should be paid attention to when arranging a treatment system? The main thing is where to start installation work- this is the preparation of the pit and trenches for pipes. Where to place the septic tank on the area of ​​​​the site? Firstly, it is mounted below the freezing level, only then the system will be able to work year-round. If it is impossible to do this for some reason, then you will have to insulate the pipes with one of thermal insulation materials or install a heating cable.

If the pit is dug in clay or loam, then its bottom should have a concrete pad to which the storage tank is attached. This is necessary in order to avoid pushing out the septic tank when it is completely cleaned.

Filtration fields or a well must be equipped. But if the groundwater is high, then it is better to choose last option. The water level in the well is easier to control, and water can be pumped out of it if necessary.

Of course, it is allowed to install a septic tank with any soil, but it is better if it is dry and softer samples. This is due to the work on preparing the pit for equipment. In heavy soil, digging is much more difficult.

Watch the video, the nuances of installation:

Since the treatment systems are located underground, it is necessary to organize air exchange inside the tank. Microorganisms need oxygen for normal development and vital activity. So this point should also be taken into account when performing installation work.

Outcome

In our article, we examined all the basic requirements for the location of a septic tank in a summer cottage. Only exact observance of them will allow you to achieve comfortable living conditions outside the city.

After all, modern drains are saturated with various chemicals that have a detrimental effect on nature, which means they must be airtight. In addition, from correct location septic tank on the site according to existing norms depends on the efficiency and safety of its work. The more accurately all requirements are met, the less problems you will have with the maintenance of the treatment system.