Pumping water from a well with a drainage pump. Drainage pump for a well: how to choose. The advantages of such structures are

Security country house water, probably, is always a paramount task when creating, even if not comfortable, but simply acceptable, minimally necessary conditions even temporary residence in it. Well, if the house is considered as the main place of residence of the family throughout the year, then the presence of a constantly and stably operating source of water generally becomes a prime necessity. Ordinary water networks in suburban villages, they are far from being found everywhere, so you often have to rely on autonomous sources.

Often, the only possible source on the site becomes a traditional well, and the owners need to organize the transportation of water from it to the points of consumption. A yoke with buckets on the shoulders of a slender mistress is very beautiful in pictures and in feature films about peasant life, but it is completely divorced from the current reality. To the aid of modern homeowners comes a variety of pumping equipment that can solve the tasks of water supply. In this publication, the emphasis will be on how to choose the right submersible pump for a well, so that the household's need for clean water for a variety of needs is fully met.

Providing the house with water from a nearby well can be done using a surface pumping station or a submersible pump. Both options have their own advantages and disadvantages, which should definitely be taken into account when developing a housing water supply scheme. In this publication, we will “bracket” surface-type equipment, and talk only about submersible.

One of the solutions to the issue of water supply is a stationary pumping station

If a Vacation home is an permanent place residence, if there is an isolated soundproof room, if the parameters of the well meet certain requirements, then the pumping station is able to become optimal solution water supply issue. However, it is obvious that there are too many “ifs”, and in order not to be mistaken with, read the information posted in a special publication of our portal.

Why in some cases it is the submersible pump that becomes the best choice?

almost always limited by the depth of water absorption - usually this value lies in the range of 7 ÷ 8 meters. If we add to this a horizontal section of the pipeline from the well to the station itself, then the actual depth may be even less. This often forces one to go to additional expenses for the creation and equipment of a caisson for a pumping station in the immediate vicinity of the well. With submersible pumps, this problem is not worth it.

Submersible well pumps, unlike surface ones, will not annoy the owners with noise during their work.
Submersible well pumps are always less "capricious" to the quality of the pumped water - most of them are able to cope with fine suspensions, which are very likely in a well.
With a sufficient debit of the water source, the risk of overheating the pump drive is minimal - it is constantly in a cool water environment and is additionally cooled by the pumped flow.
With submersible pumps, it is easier to organize monitoring of the water level in the well - a special float automatic system installed on many modern models will take care of this.

The use of surface pumping stations imposes special requirements on the tightness of the intake pipe. The slightest leak on the joints, completely invisible to the eye, will inevitably lead to air suction. A submersible pump has nowhere to draw air from, by definition.
If there is a need to leave housing unattended for a long period, then it will be easier to remove and remove the submersible pump than, for example, to dismantle the pumping station from the caisson or the room allocated to it.

In a word, there are a lot of advantages, therefore, on the forums dedicated to the water supply of private houses, you can find numerous recommendations for owners of houses with a well to give preference to them.

Submersible pumps also have disadvantages:

For their operation, it is necessary to provide a power line from the house to the well, to monitor the impeccable condition of the cable insulation.
Coordination of automation that controls the operation of the entire plumbing system at home will be somewhat more difficult (for pumping stations some control and monitoring elements are already provided in the design itself).
The submersible pump is more vulnerable in terms of ensuring its safety. In other words, it is easier to "steal" it in the absence of the owners of the house.

Of course, no matter which pump is chosen, installing it does not solve the problem at all (unless, of course, we are talking only about watering the garden) - it requires the creation of a rather complex automated system, but this is a topic for separate consideration.

Autonomous water supply from a well

In order for the water supply to be carried out without interruption, at any time of the year, when creating an autonomous water supply, it is necessary to adhere to certain rules. - read in a separate publication of the portal.

The main types of submersible well pumps

Modern submersible pumps for wells, according to the principle of their operation, are classified into four types: vibration, centrifugal, vortex and screw.

Vibratory pumps

These pumps are among the most inexpensive and simple in their design.

Despite a fairly wide range of devices of this type, they all have approximately the same design and even outwardly very similar to each other. Sometimes the parameters are completely the same, and the whole difference is only in the pump manufacturer.

The basic device and the principle of operation are best considered in the diagram:

It is always a metal case of vertical execution, consisting of approximately equal in height, on halves with different configurations (item 1). Between the two parts of the housing there is an elastic seal (pos. 2), which is guaranteed to seal the internal cavity of the device and, in addition, acts as a kind of damper that significantly reduces the level of vibration generated by the pump. The housing halves are firmly connected by fixing screws (pos. 3).

The entire "electrical part" is located in the lower half of the device. A power cable (pos. 4) is connected to it in reliable insulation. The electromechanical part is very simple. This is a coil with a ferromagnetic core, when current is passed through it, an electromagnetic field is created. Since the supply voltage is alternating, then the power lines magnetic field change their direction 50 times per second (50 Hz). To ensure complete electrical safety and increase the durability of the coil, it is completely filled with a dielectric compound (pos. 6). Even an accidental ingress of water into the lower part of the case should not cause a short circuit of the turns.

Above the coil is a massive steel anchor (pos. 7). A variable electromagnetic field either attracts it to itself, or repels it in reverse direction. Due to the rather high frequency of direction change, this movement is more like the vibration of the armature together with the rod connected to it (pos. 8) in a certain amplitude range, limited by the design of the pump.

An elastic diaphragm (pos. 9) and a piston are fixed to the rod at the top of the pump. When the armature moves down, a vacuum is created in the pump chamber, due to which water enters through the intake holes in the upper part of the housing (pos. 11). When the anchor moves upwards, in the compression phase, the valve (pos. 12) closes the outlet for water to the outside, and it has only one way left - through the outlet pipe (pos. 13) and further, along the hose attached to it, up to the points of water intake.

In the upper part of the body there is a hole, eyelet or ring (pos. 14) for fixing the cable, by which the pump is lowered into the well and suspended at the required height in the water column.

As you can see, the device is simple, completely eliminating the presence of rotating or rubbing nodes. It predetermines and high price for these pumps.

However, such devices also have very significant drawbacks:

Despite the presence of an elastic damper between the halves of the body, during the operation of the pump, quite strong vibration waves are created that are transmitted to the surrounding water environment. Such a phenomenon can cause cloudy water in wells that are not too deep, but this is not even the worst thing. Constant vibration impact on the unprotected walls of a well or borehole can lead to their gradual destruction. Therefore, such pumps are recommended to be used only in sources with strong walls, for example, from concrete rings.
Such a pump does not like water with fine impurities - particulate matter interfere with tight sealing of valves.
The design of the vibration pump does not imply the presence of automation or water level sensors. This means that you will either have to buy such devices additionally, or make sure that the pump is always submerged.
The operation of the pump is quite noisy, and it is felt even though it is immersed in water.
Judging by the reviews in the forums, the vibration still justifies its definition of "friend and foe", and pumps of this type usually do not "live" for too long, despite the assurances of the manufacturers. Justifies the application vibration pumps the fact that the low cost makes it quite possible to replace them regularly with new ones.

Vibration pumps are able to create a good water pressure, but they do not differ in high performance.

From the foregoing, the conclusion suggests itself that a vibrating type pump will be an inexpensive and effective solution if it is used to provide water. country house during the summer period and for . To consider it as a serious water supply device for suburban housing with a constant mode of residence of the owners would probably be a great exaggeration.

Screw submersible pumps

Pumps of this type are not so common, but still they deserve consideration.

The principle of pumping water with pumps of this type is based on the rotation of the "Archimedean screw" - in order to imagine this, you can recall how a conventional manual meat grinder works.

Auger (pos. 1) complex geometric shape connected to electric drive shaft (pos.2).

Rotation occurs in the cavity of the stator (pos. 3), which also has a rather complex geometry and is usually made of their elastic material (based on rubber). The turns of the rotor-screw are adjacent to the stator machines. During rotation, the volume of water that is in the formed cavities is pushed forward into the outlet pipe. It is interesting that the configuration of the screw and the stator is chosen in such a way that the total volume of liquid in the progressively moving cavities always remains the same. This provides a very even, stabilized outlet head.

Advantages of screw pumps:

High rates of generated stable pressure.
Low level of noise and vibration in the course of work.
Of all the submersible well pumps, screw pumps are the most resistant to water pollution, since such a scheme was generally developed for pumping viscous technical liquids.

However, the disadvantages of such pumps make their use very limited:

The high rates of the generated pressure "coexist" with a very low performance of the pumps.
Screw pumps have the lowest efficiency, apparently due to the abundance of rubbing nodes.
The same reason - the presence of friction units, reduces the wear resistance of pumps, that is, they require regular repair and maintenance, and most often - with the replacement of worn elements.

So, screw pumps more, probably, they are suitable for production conditions, where precise adjustment of the generated pressure and its stability come to the fore. Despite the fact that household models are produced specifically for wells or wells, it cannot be said that they have gained wide distribution.

Centrifugal pumps for wells

This type of submersible pumps is the most common and popular, as it meets most of the requirements for such equipment.

The working body in pumps of this type is a wheel with blades, placed in a special chamber, with a liquid inlet in the center and an outlet pipe on the periphery.

The rotation of the wheel with the blades, provided by the electric drive, creates powerful centrifugal force vectors - the incoming water is thrown radially from the center to the outer walls of the chamber. As a result, a rarefaction zone is created in the center, and an area of increased pressure is created on the periphery (this is well shown in the illustration by the color change from blue to red). This creates a powerful flow of water.

There can be several such chambers installed in a cascade, which naturally increases the pressure created by the pump (water column).

Pumps of this type have high performance - they are able to lift water from very significant depths, without losing their performance. Their work is quiet and is not accompanied by any significant vibration.

For such pumps, a very large variety of models with different characteristics is especially characteristic - the performance and the generated pressure can vary both by changing the diameter of the working chambers and their number. It is always possible to choose a model for an existing water source - from surface wells to very deep wells.

The disadvantage of such pumps can be conditionally considered the complexity of the design, which predetermines a rather high price for such equipment.

The centrifugal circuit allows many pumps to work with moderately polluted water - this should be indicated in the product data sheet.

Vortex submersible pumps

There is another category of submersible pumps - vortex type. In general, such devices are very similar in design and principle of operation to centrifugal ones. However, special shape impeller and chamber contributes not only to the creation of centrifugal forces, but also to the turbulent accelerations of the pumped liquid that develop with them. This significantly improves the performance of the equipment.

Interestingly, the design of such pumps is even somewhat simpler than standard centrifugal ones, which makes them lower in cost. This can be attributed to clear advantages. Such devices work almost silently and without vibrations. Another important point– the vortex type pump is not afraid of getting a certain amount of air together with the pumped water – in technological purposes such equipment is even used for pumping liquid dispersed compositions saturated with gases.

In addition, the widespread use of pumps of this type is also limited by their not too “outstanding” durability - according to these indicators, they are significantly inferior to centrifugal ones.

The main parameters for choosing a submersible pump for a well

Before you go shopping for a pump for a well, the future owner should clearly understand a few important points:

What are the main purposes of using the pump - will it be used only for gardening and household purposes, or will it become the main supplier of water for the entire house.
Based on the first point - what quantitative water demand should be provided by the pump, and what should be the pressure created.
It is important to have an accurate idea of the depth of the well and the thickness of the water layer in it, not only static, but also dynamic, that is, with active water intake. Ideally, you need to know the debit of the well - that is, the amount of water entering it per unit of time. Be sure to take into account the remoteness of the well from the house or the proposed points of water intake.
It is important to have information about the quality of the water in the well, the degree of its turbidity, the condition of the soil at the bottom. Perhaps, visual observations will not be enough for this, and more in-depth laboratory analysis will be required.

Don't forget about the water filtration and purification system!

The analysis carried out will help in drawing up a scheme for the necessary water treatment, in cases where the well becomes the main source of water for a permanently inhabited house. What are necessary in certain cases - read in a separate publication of our portal.

So, when choosing a submersible pump for a well, the following criteria are evaluated:

Electrical parameters of the pump. Although these values, in terms of assessing the operational capabilities of the equipment, are rather indicative, their consideration is necessary to create an appropriate power line that will be able to withstand the load. It may be necessary to provide a dedicated machine for the pump. In addition, some pumping equipment (in particular, centrifugal type) is very demanding on voltage stability, so if there are problems in the power grid, you will also have to install a stabilizer.
The most important value when choosing is the water pressure created by the pump, which is usually indicated in meters of water column. For reference, the value of 10 meters of a column is approximately equal to 1 technical atmosphere or 1 bar.

The pressure created by the pump must ensure both the rise of water from the depth and its delivery to the points of consumption, the most remote or maximum raised above ground level. In this case, horizontal pipe sections should also be taken into account - they also experience pressure losses due to hydraulic resistance. In addition, the diameter and even the material of the pipes are important - in metal, the resistance is always higher.

Naturally, at the end point of consumption, the pressure must be such that comfortable use of water is ensured, that is, at least 1.5 ÷ 2 atmospheres. Some appliances and devices may require and large values- all this is taken into account in the preliminary calculation of the required indicator. This is usually solved by installing a hydraulic accumulator.

The next most important value is the performance of the device, that is, its ability to pump the required amount of water per unit time (liters per second, cubic meters per hour, etc.)

Here the calculation is based on the number of points of water consumption and their average consumption. Moreover, they usually calculate so that the pump can cope even with short-term peak consumption, in that unlikely, but still possible situation when all points are involved.

If the pump will be used only for watering the garden, then here the calculation is completely different - they proceed from the area of \u200b\u200bthe site, the required amount of water and the duration of irrigation.

Calculators for calculating the required performance are also given in the appendix to the article.

An important selection parameter is the size of the pump. If for a well the diameter of the device does not play so important role, as for , then the height, on the contrary, becomes of paramount importance - here everything depends on the height of the water layer. The pump must be suspended so as to remain submerged in the water, but at the same time not be located closer to the bottom than the manufacturer recommends, so as not to cause the concept of turbidity.
Be sure to take into account the permissible contamination of water with solid inclusions - usually this parameter is indicated in the technical documentation. For wells with a shallow depth and a silty bottom, it would be more appropriate to purchase a pump with an upper water intake. If the prior is demanding on the purity of the pumped water, then it is better to purchase a model equipped with an intake pair, which is always maintained at a certain depth using a float device. Typically, such nozzles are equipped with additional filtering devices.

Of course, the operation of the pump will become much calmer if it is equipped with float sensor water level - this eliminates the suction of air in cases where, for some reason, the water flow exceeded the debit of the well.
The pump housing must be made of high quality material, not corroded and not reducing nutritional qualities water. AT different pumps cast iron or stainless steel can be used (which, of course, affects the cost of the product). Recently, more and more high-strength plastic has been used.
The indicator of the mass of the device is important for organizing a reliable suspension of the pump in the water column. Many models are immediately equipped with cables or cords of the required level of tensile strength.

The choice of pumping equipment for pumping water largely depends on the degree of its contamination. Drainage pumps are able to cope with minor impurities, so their scope is more extensive than traditional units designed to transport a clear liquid. In particular, they are used to clean wells and remove the effects of floods.

Types of drainage pumps

The main differences between drainage equipment are in the options for their location relative to the water level:

surface pumps are installed outside wells, reservoirs and flooded areas or premises;
submersible pumps operate in the aquatic environment;
semi-submersible pumps are only partially recessed.

Surface pumps

Their permanent installation requires either a separate Utility room, or a specially prepared site that provides protection of equipment from precipitation and freezing, if necessary, its operation in the winter season. The requirements for the isolation of the drainage pump are due to the fact that during operation it makes a lot of noise.

When using the pumping unit periodically, for example in case of flooding or for cleaning the well, the equipment is temporarily installed where it is required in one case or another. The mobile version of the use of drainage pumps for wells is convenient in that they can be used on the farm for different purposes, without being tied to one object.

The stationary placement of pumping equipment in the house allows you to refuse to supply electricity to a reservoir or well.

The advantages of surface aggregates include:

the possibility of one-time continuous work;
admissibility of use in plumbing systems (if there are filters);
reliability provided by the operation of the pump in dry conditions. Only a suction hose is lowered into the well or well, which is easily replaced if necessary;
sufficient power to guarantee the supply or removal of liquid for tens of meters in the horizontal direction.

However, surface pumps are not suitable for lifting water from deep wells, as well as for cleaning wells with a low water surface. This is due to the technical characteristics of the equipment, namely, with an insufficient suction depth indicator (7-9m). Another disadvantage is high level noise that accompanies the operation of the drain pump. But this problem is completely solvable.

Submersible pumps

The name of the equipment indicates the conditions of its operation - only in water. The small dimensions and hermetic housing of the drainage pump make it possible to submerge it both in small wells and in wide pools. Despite the high performance of the units, they have average power indicators, which are reflected in the pressure of the water jet and the depth of the fence.

Among the advantages of submersible equipment should be noted:

no need for regular inspection;
equipment modern models float protection, allowing the pump to operate in automatic mode, without fear of "dry running";
light weight;
noiselessness at work;
versatility.

Submersible pumps are either located at the bottom of the intake facility, or suspended on a stationary rod or a reliable cable. In the first case, the unit produces involuntary suction of particles of sand or clay. They do not affect the operation of the drainage equipment itself, but they negatively affect the supply systems. drinking water due to the lack of cleanliness. In this regard, submersible pumps based on the bottom of the well are used only for household purposes, with a decrease in the level ground water or under emergency conditions.

Installing a drainage pump at a height of at least 30-50 cm from the bottom surface and equipping it with a floating filter will help get rid of the high content of solid particles in the water.

One of the disadvantages of submersible pumps is poor water filtration. Protective grilles protect the mechanism from damage, not passing large inclusions inside. But small fractions get into the system.

Semi-submersible pumps

In working condition, the engine of the pumping unit is located above the surface of the water, while the rest is located in the thickness of the water layer. As a rule, semi-submersible pumps are installed on a special float platform that rises or falls after the water level. AT living conditions equipment is of little demand due to certain operational inconveniences, while on industrial facilities it is used relatively frequently.

Where are sump pumps used?

The design of the pumping equipment under consideration makes it possible to pump clean and moderately polluted water that does not contain large inclusions. These requirements determine the scope of drainage pumps. They are used:

for cleaning wells, pools, fire tanks, etc.;
to eliminate the consequences of floods and accidents, accompanied by flooding of basements, cellars and basement floors;
to lower the level of groundwater during their seasonal rise;
for drainage of reservoirs;
for watering a garden or drip irrigation of plantations located over a large area;
for household water supply, etc.

If the drainage pump has ever been used for pumping dirty water, it is strictly not allowed to install it in a system designed to provide drinking water!

How to choose a drainage pump

on parameters and specifications a pump for a well should be paid attention even before buying equipment. First of all, it is:

performance;
power;
height of water rise;
dimensions;
presence of filters.

An important selection criterion is the structure of the well from which water is supposed to be pumped out, namely, the possibility of filling the well with water in a certain time. The performance of the pump should be lower or higher, depending on the technology for cleaning the well or the mode of operation of the plumbing system. When buying equipment, one should take into account the seasonality of its operation, since manufacturers produce different models of units, some of which are for operation in winter time not intended.

Clean or contaminated water will be pumped out by a drainage pump, the owner decides. But to decide for what purpose it is acquired, it is necessary in advance. For water without impurities, a less powerful unit with minimum set protective elements. For cleaning wells, draining cellars and drainage systems you will need more powerful pumps, with additional lattice nozzles.

Tidying up the well

For cleaning heavily polluted wells containing solids various origins(except for metal and strong stones) fecal pumps are used that can crush large pieces. The same recommendations can be given for wells that have not been operated for a long time.

In the presence of silt or sand in the water, drainage pumping equipment is used.

With a large percentage of silting, it is not necessary to clean the well with a drainage pump for the reason that it can quickly become clogged, and as a result, it will cease to function. In order to put such a well in order, one should use either fecal pump, or more difficult option cleaning using additional equipment. In the latter case, one of the pumps will be designed to wash the bottom sand and mix the silt, and the other to raise the diluted slurry up.

Experts recommend that before starting work, install a container with a volume of about 250-300 liters nearby and drain into it muddy water. After the sand has settled, the relatively pure liquid is returned to the well under pressure, resulting in the destruction of silt deposits. This procedure is repeated until the water is clear. There is an opinion that this method is irrational and economically unjustified. Allegedly, it is much more profitable to invite workers who can go down into the well and scoop out silt with buckets. But, firstly, it is not safe, and secondly, it is not always possible.

When cleaning the well with a drainage pump, you should follow some rules:

equipment should be immersed in a well or container, taking into account that its base does not reach the bottom by about 0.5-1 meter;
periodic lifting of the unit is required to bring the protective filters into working condition;
major cleaning is recommended to be carried out with a powerful pump.

Putting wells in order is troublesome, but in most cases it is necessary. Once this procedure was done manually, but today the work is done with the help of drainage pumps.

If there is one on your personal plot, then such useful equipment as a drainage pump must be present in the house.

The main types of well pumps

All pumps used to pump water from wells can be divided into two large groups:

submersible, which take liquid from the bottom;
superficial that pump liquid from the surface of the water.

Before settling on a specific model, carefully study the factors that affect the pump selection process.

Evaluate the parameters of your well. The key one is the debit of water - the amount of liquid that can be pumped out of the well per unit of time. It is not necessary to buy a pump with too much power to use it in a well with a small amount of water available.
Evaluate the parameters of the purchased pump. Specific models of well pumps can only lift water from a certain depth. Not every equipment can cope with a very deep aquifer
Estimate in what mode your pump should work. Will it be year-round, occasional or exclusively seasonal use.
Calculate how much water you will need to raise from the well daily (for domestic use, for irrigation, and so on).

Within the concept of "well pumps" a very large range of equipment is offered for purchase. All of them can be divided into groups according to the main characteristics.

Choosing a submersible well pump

This is the largest range of well pumps. Their main distinctive feature is that their body during operation remains entirely lowered into the water column. The surrounding water cools the running electric motor of the pump. This modification of pumps can be used both for pumping water from wells and in water wells. Consider the types of submersible pumps.

1. Submersible well pump of centrifugal type

Such devices are usually used to lift liquid from wells with low level water. They can be used both for work exclusively in the warm season, and all year round.

However, the initial scope of submersible centrifugal well pumping equipment is pumping water from wells. Their use in wells is possible subject to the presence of protection against "dry running" - automatic stop of the device in the absence of a pumped liquid.

To take full advantage of all the advantages of a submersible centrifugal pump, it must be installed in deep wells with a significant supply of water. During use, it is placed at some distance from the bottom. The well must be filled with water quickly enough so that the submersible centrifugal pump did not idle.

Familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of centrifugal type well submersible pumping equipment.

Pay special attention to the depth of the well from which pumping devices will be able to raise water (in the column "pressure") and to the debit of the well (should exceed the value in the column "performance").

Some of the presented models, ("Garant", "Aquarius") have an automatic shutdown in case of overheating. But frequent triggering of automation leads to increased wear of equipment parts.

2. Submersible well pumping equipment of centrifugal type with float automatics

Such pumping devices can already be used for pumping and use in wells with medium water depths. Like the previous model, this equipment is suitable for occasional seasonal use or year-round use.

The essence of these devices is the presence of an automation unit that turns off pumping equipment when the water level drops. The use of automation does not allow the device to run idle and prevents excessive wear of its components.

The following main models of submersible pumps with float automatics are on the market. The line includes pumps of domestic and foreign production with similar characteristics.

This type of equipment is designed to lift liquid from wells with a shallow water level. These pumps are less sensitive to the quality of the pumped liquid (solids may be present). Such devices are not designed for continuous operation, but are switched on sporadically, if necessary.

Thus, if you do not need constant pumping of fluid from the well, then you may well use a drainage pumping device to organize water supply. Low sensitivity to water quality will allow you to pump water from wells with a relatively low level of liquid, silt or sand. These pumps usually have a lower head rating than previous models.

Installation of a drainage pump is not a problem, just place the device in the water and connect it to the power supply. Drainage well pumps are ideal for organizing temporary water supply. They can be transported with you, installed and turned on as needed.

4. Submersible pumping equipment of vibration type

This type of pumping equipment can be used for pumping water from wells with small and medium depth. Vibrating pumps have the ability to pump water with foreign matter. Such pumping devices can be used year-round or temporarily.

If your site has a shallow well, then it makes sense to use a submersible vibration pump. Their pressure characteristics will be enough to provide the site with water. How to install , you can read in our article.

These pumps can have an upper and lower intake. When using the upper intake, the pumped water will be as clean as possible. In addition, the design of the upper intake allows the pump to be submerged in water, which ensures stable cooling of the electric motor. When using pumps with a lower liquid intake, you will be able to maximize the use of the entire volume of well water.

Although such pumps can operate even with relatively poor water quality, pumping liquid with impurities significantly reduces their service life. To increase the period of operation of vibration pumps, it is recommended to use specialized filters mounted on the inlet pipe of the device.

Surface pumping equipment for wells

Types of surface pumping equipment:

surface well pumping equipment of vortex type(can be equipped with special automation units);
pumping stations(has in its configuration a pump, a hydraulic accumulator, a block automatic start and manometer).

Such devices are usually used in the warm season, at a positive temperature. In winter, surface-type equipment is used in a heated room. In the event that you are interested in a 24/7 water supply, you will have to place the pump inlet below the surface of the liquid to prevent freezing. At the same time, the water intake unit and the pipeline for its supply must be sufficiently insulated. This issue is solved by deepening the pipes into the ground and using thermal insulation.

1. Surface vortex well pumps

This type of pumping equipment is used to pump water from wells from a relatively shallow depth and is usually used exclusively for organizing temporary water supply.

Surface vortex pumping units can be used for maintenance of wells. If we compare them with pumping stations, then the main difference will be the absence of a hydraulic accumulator (water is pumped directly into the water supply line). Typically, such devices are used to organize the irrigation of crops in household plots, watering plants in greenhouses and pumping water for technical use(washing or laundering). However, pumps of this type are very sensitive to the purity of the water, so it is not recommended to use them in contaminated wells.

To provide uninterrupted operation vortex well pump, it can be equipped with a hydraulic accumulator. In this case, you get at your disposal a full-fledged pumping station.

2. Pumping stations

This type of pumping equipment is used for pumping water from deep wells and can be used all year round or only in the warm season.

A hydraulic accumulator and an automation unit make such equipment convenient enough for permanent use in water supply. The pumping station is not located in the well itself, but outside it, so you can always get access to it for routine inspection and repair.

As with the choice of any pumping equipment, when evaluating the effectiveness of models of pumping stations, you should pay attention to performance, pressure and power. Pressure stations are characterized by such important characteristic, as suction height, is the vertical distance from the point of water intake to the inlet pipe of the equipment. The main part of the models on the market have a "suction height" characteristic of no more than 9 meters, which allows them to be used exclusively for servicing shallow wells.

So, several types of pumping equipment can be used to pump water from wells in your backyard. Each of them has a specific set of characteristics that should match the characteristics of your well and your wishes.

Video - Drainage pump for a well

Application

If there is a well in private possessions or on the premises of institutions and enterprises, it is necessary to have a special device on the farm, with the help of which it will be possible to supply water to the building and carry out periodic cleaning water source. To do this, you need a drainage pump for the well. It, depending on the design, can pump out not only clean water, but also contaminated with silt and other mechanical particles.

In addition, drainage pumps are used for the following operations:

for pumping water in basements, semi-basements and basements for any purpose;
during the elimination of accidents associated with flooding;
when cleaning artificial reservoirs;
when the groundwater level rises above the norm;
for supplying water to fountains, artificial reservoirs, fire hydrant tanks;
for watering and drip irrigation of green spaces;
for temporary water supply.

Drainage pumps for pumping and pumping water are widely used in various industries industry, as well agriculture, on construction sites and at home. This video will tell about drainage pumps:

Device

The main components of the drainage pump include:

frame;
power cable;
Remote Control;
an electric motor in a protective housing;
pump unit;

The body of the drainage pump for the well can be made of inexpensive plastics, thermopolymers, of stainless steel, cast iron or be combined. It all depends on the technology and materials that the manufacturer has chosen when designing the device. This also affects the price of the product.

A drain pump housing made of quality stainless steel or thermopolymers is the best choice as possesses high durability and well resists to influence of various aggressive substances. The body of the drainage pump is equipped with a convenient handle, which makes it easy to carry from place to place.

The power cable with plug makes it easy to connect the drain pump to electrical network to supply power to the motor inside the pump casing. The length of the cable can be very different, but the most common is 10 m.

The control panel of automatic or touch type easily turns on and off the drainage pump during its operation. The presence of automation in the device (thermostat, overvoltage relay and automatic switch) allows you to monitor the operation of the drainage pump for the well without human intervention.

The thermostat is designed to turn off the drain pump in case of engine overheating. The overvoltage relay will also turn off the pump in case of sudden voltage drops or exceeding its critical value. The automatic switch will work in case of a drop in the water or liquid level in a well or other container, which will protect the drainage pump from dry running (when there is no water in the pump).

The electric motor of the drainage pump consists of a rotor, a stator and bearing assemblies. The rotor shaft has a centrifugal impeller.

The pump unit has suction holes, the size of which depends on the design and type of the drainage pump for the well.
The principle of operation is an electric motor that rotates the impeller (impeller), which creates a high pressure area at the outlet and a lower pressure area in intake hole drainage pump. Due to this, the movement of water or liquid with mechanical impurities that must be pumped occurs.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantages of drainage pumps for supplying and pumping water include:

small dimensions and weight;
the ability to choose the type of drainage pump for performance and power;
the presence of an idle warning system;
low noise level;
low power consumption;
ease of installation;
ease of maintenance;
long service life;
security;
low cost.

The disadvantages of drainage pumps for wells include the following factors:

complexity of repair due to the need to ensure tightness (concerns submersible pumps);
impossibility of pumping liquid from wells, the depth of which exceeds 10 m.

Types of drainage pumps

Drainage pumps for pumping water from a well and other operations are distinguished by the following features:

type of construction (surface, submersible);
method of water suction (auger, vortex, centrifugal, vibration);
power in W (100 - 2000);
maximum delivery height in m (6 - 10);
maximum diving depth in m (3 - 8);
productivity in m3/h.

In addition, they are also distinguished by their ability to work with clean liquids and those that have inclusions (solid particles) ranging in size from 10 to 50 mm. In the latter case, the design of the drainage pump has special knives or rollers that allow grinding solid particles. This affects the price of the device, it is much higher.

Almost all drainage pumps work with liquids whose temperature does not exceed 50 0C. Some manufacturers produce them to work with liquids that have a higher temperature, but then the price of the product rises sharply.

Surface

Well surface drainage pumps are installed on any surface near the object from which water will be pumped out, only a hose is lowered into the water. Surface pumps are used for shallow water bodies.

A big plus of such a pump is the ability to supply liquid to a great height. The well and wells are not cleaned with a surface pump. Such a pump needs a stable base and this must be remembered when installing it.

The surface pump creates noise during operation, it is necessary to properly maintain the suction device, control its operation in order to avoid overheating, which is considered to be its disadvantage.

Submersible

Well submersible pumps are installed at a certain depth directly into the well. Their mechanism, when immersed in water, is ready to start. In addition, submersible pumps are better cooled during operation than surface pumps.

Water keeps the motor from overheating as it circulates in and around the pump, allowing it to run long time. It is not necessary to monitor the work, it is enough to carry out the installation correctly, everything else happens automatically. The submersible pump does not create noise and this is its advantage.

Semi-submersible drainage pump: photo Submersible drainage pumps: photo

Submersible-type drainage pumps are installed in wells, the depth of which is significant. Installation is simple - you need to correctly place the product in the well and connect it to the power supply. All submersible pumps are powered by 220 V, 50 Hz.

Help in choosing

To choose the right drainage pump for a well for cleaning it or raising water to a height, you need to pay attention to the following criteria:

well depth;
well diameter;
water requirement (flow rate) in l;
dynamic and static water level in the well;
pressure;
power;
maximum feed height and immersion depth in the well;
the degree of contamination of the liquid;
operating time of the device (permanently or intermittently).

After buying a drainage pump, you need to check its completeness and read the instructions for the purchased model, paying special attention to the restrictions indicated by the manufacturer, their observance during operation is mandatory. Only in this case, the drainage pump for pumping water will last a long time and will be a reliable assistant in the maintenance of the well and other water sources.

This video will show you how to choose the right submersible pump for a well:

Installation of a drainage pump for a well

It is important not only to buy a well pump, having correctly selected its model, but also to install it correctly. It depends on the type of construction, so it is necessary to follow certain rules when installing a well pump:

- during installation surface pump:

install on a stable surface near the well;
install on the suction device check valve, and in front of it is a filter;
lower the intake hose into the liquid;
wait until the pump is filled with liquid and put it into operation;
make sure that the drain pump does not overheat during the pumping process.

- when installing a drainage pump in a submersible well, the following operations must be performed:

take the pressure pipe and connect it to the pipeline of the submersible pump;
firmly fix the pipeline in the well;
determine the direction of the motor shaft (should rotate clockwise);
adjust the operation of the float type switch;
lower the drainage pump strictly vertically into the well to the required depth;
follow the pressure pipe (should be directed upwards);
if necessary, fix the drainage pump in the well in a reliable way;
turn on the surface pump.

The implementation of these simple, but such mandatory rules, will allow you to correctly install a drainage pump of any type and operate correctly during the implementation different kind works.

An example of the operation of a Wilo drainage pump can be viewed in the video:

Pumping dirty water from a well with a drainage pump

After the construction of the well and during its operation, it becomes necessary to pump out water or clean the well. And here you can not do without an electric drainage pump. Do not scoop out buckets. In this case, it is necessary to have a mass additional devices, devices and materials, and most importantly, when pumping water and cleaning the well, human efforts are expended.

For these purposes, you need not just a drainage pump for the well, but a high-power device, because. it will pass through itself water with varying degrees of pollution. Having selected a submersible type drainage pump with the required degree of purification (indicated in the product passport, what size of inclusion the pump can pass through), it is necessary to correctly install the drainage pump in the well. The quality of cleaning and the durability of the product depends on the quality of installation.

The procedure for installing a submersible pump for pumping water or cleaning a well is as follows:

lower the pump into the well, not reaching the bottom by 0.5 - 1 m;
turn on the submersible pump in the mains;
to pump out water, where it, passing through the pump, will be cleaned;
under pressure, return water back to the well to get rid of silt;
continue cleaning the well until the water is clear and clean.

In this case, it is necessary not to forget to periodically remove the submersible pump from the well to clean the filter.

In some cases, cleaning the well with a drainage pump can take several days or even a week, it all depends on the degree of contamination. Each time, immersing it in a well, it is necessary to follow all the installation rules, while pumping water will be carried out correctly and efficiently. When cleaning the well, it is necessary to pay attention to the filter and replace it in time.

Prices

Currently, the market offers a wide range of well drainage pumps from domestic and foreign manufacturers. It's not hard to make the best choice. It is enough to look at the reviews on those submersible well pumps that are most often bought and have long been recognized by customers as the most reliable. You can buy a drainage well pump at different price. Among the well-known manufacturers are submersible pumps for well companies:

gardena;
Jeelex;
Grundfos

In the video, you can learn about the popular Gardena pumps of various capacities, which are used to pump clean and contaminated water, clean liquid sources from varying degrees pollution, drainage of flooded basements, water supply from tanks and wells.

The cost of a submersible pump for a well or a surface pump varies quite widely and depends on the following factors:

materials and components that were used in the manufacture of the structure;
production technologies;
technical characteristics;
manufacturer's country.

And, of course, a natural rule applies: the more expensive the well drainage pump, the better it is. Therefore, the products of Italian, German and Spanish manufacturers are in demand on the market, despite the price of a drainage pump for a well from these manufacturers, which can reach up to 40 thousand rubles.

Drainage pump Pedrollo TOP-Vortex (Italy)

The pump of a well-known Italian company is made of such durable and modern materials that it is able to pump out not only water, but also chemical composition reagents. He is subject to not only dirty water with solid particles up to 20 mm in size, but also fecal effluents.

Low power consumption, only 370 W, the ability to throw out drains up to 7 m in height and high productivity, which reaches 180 l / h, have made this model popular with buyers. Installation of the product is very quick and easy. The price of a drainage pump for a well of a well-known European manufacturer ranges from 5 to 18 thousand rubles.

Drainage pumps Drain TM 32/7 and Karcher sdp 7000 (Germany)

Drainage pumps German companies bribe their quality, ease of installation and are in steady demand among residents of Europe. Their technical characteristics make it possible to use drainage pumps not only for wells, but also for other domestic needs, without overpaying for quality, which is already known. The price of submersible pumps for wells starts at 3.5 thousand rubles. and can reach 25-30 thousand rubles.

Drainage pump Espa Drainex 100 MA (Spain)

Drainage pumps Italian manufacturer with asynchronous two-pole motors with IP 68 housing protection and insulation class F with built-in thermal protection, they have a continuous duty cycle and are available with different fluid flow ranges (from 1.5 to 1.8 m3/h). Are applied to pumping of fecal and sewage.

Water is pumped out quickly, while the product has protection against overheating, which allows you to operate for a long period without interruption in operation. Installation is fast and main feature products. Their quality is on top, and the materials and components used in the production of well pumps allow surface and submersible pumps work for a long period without fail. The price of the product corresponds to its quality. It is quite high and starts at 20 thousand rubles.

A drainage pump for cleaning a well is used quite often. This is an irreplaceable thing when cleaning. Cleaning the well with a drainage pump greatly facilitates this work.
Today we will consider the question of how to clean the drainage pump and whether it can be used at all. The video in this article will allow you to catch all the details and not miss anything. It is also worth looking at the photos on this topic so that you can fully imagine the whole process of work first.

When is a drinking well cleaning necessary?

The well is filling up clean water underground, however, the mine can still become contaminated.
Here are some causes of pollution:

Organic compounds that love a humid environment and accumulate on the walls of a well made of wood or concrete. These algae grow, die and decompose, they pollute the water, which subsequently darkens, a musty taste appears;
If it is not tightly closed or not closed at all, then leaves, algae, sticks, small animals can fall there, after which the water will turn green;
In the case when the pipes are depressurized when the well is damaged, the quality of the water in it will decrease, bacteria and other dirt will get into the well;
During a flood, sand, clay and other minerals enter the well, causing the water in the well to become cloudy.

In all of these cases, you will need to clean. But, if outwardly normal, after wintering in without fail preventive cleaning should be carried out so that there is no post-flood pollution.

How often should you clean as a preventative measure?

Water is the guarantor of health. In order for well water to be clean, cleaning should be carried out for prevention. Some people think that once you dig a well, you can ignore it.

Attention: There is a depressurization of the seams, cracks may occur in the rings, the bottom may become covered with silt, which will lead to a decrease in the quality of the water, making it unsuitable for drinking. To avoid this, every five years it is necessary to carry out cleaning for prevention.
If the well is used frequently, preventive cleaning should be done every two years. After cleaning, the water can again be used for drinking.

So:

In addition, every year in the spring it is necessary to sanitize the well, despite the fact that at first glance the water is clean.
For this purpose, simple potassium permanganate is used, which must first be dissolved in a bucket and poured into a well. A bucket of water will need 1 tablespoon of manganese.
After three hours, the water should be pumped out, you can pour it into the garden, disinfecting the soil. Sanitation is carried out when the snow has melted or after a flood.

We do the cleaning ourselves

Drainage will greatly facilitate the process of doing this work. Moreover, everything is done completely by hand and therefore the price of the work will be much lower.
Before you start cleaning the well, figure out why the contamination occurred in order to determine the method of cleaning it:

If the water is reddish in color, it means that it contains a high iron content. Cleaning the well will not eliminate this problem, since the main reason is poor quality aquifer that feeds the well. Then you need to clean the water entering the house using filters.
If there is a sediment in the form of silt or sand that has covered the filter at the bottom, you can completely pump out the water using a drainage pump. For this purpose, the Brook pump is suitable, which will allow you to strongly shake the water at the bottom of the mine.

You also need a pump to pump dirty water from the surface. The Brook pump should be lowered to the bottom, the drainage pump should be hung so that it is at a distance of 30 cm from the well bottom.

So:

Position the drain pump hose where you intend to pour the dirty water.
Turn on the drain pump 5 minutes after the Brook started working.
By the transparency of the water, you will determine how the cleaning procedure takes place. For example, a layer of sand or silt, 10 cm thick, is usually removed in two hours of cleaning.

Attention: Keep in mind that a device with a small power cannot cope with large quantity sediment and clog quickly. You need to take the hose a long distance from the ground where you do not want clay to get into the soil.
In the event that, at the end of cleaning, sand nevertheless appears, it is necessary to do a major cleaning and repair of the well, close up the cracks through which sand enters.

Major cleaning, repair of the walls, when there was a depressurization of the seams, algae multiplied, some animal got in, is carried out in a dry well, having pumped out all the water from it.
For cleaning, prepare tools and involve the help of at least two people. One of the assistants on a cable or ladder will go down into the shaft, and will start cleaning the walls of the well, he will pass buckets upstairs.
Another assistant receives and delivers buckets and tools, a third person is obliged to follow the insurance for safety reasons, as well as to avoid accidents.

Attention: At the depth of the well, there may not be enough oxygen, so one worker cannot stay in the well for a long time. It is necessary to provide for his replacement by another employee.

You can start cleaning when the pump is immersed and water is pumped to the level of one well.
Then, on the belay, they begin to clean the walls with a moderately hard brush. If cracks are found, they must be covered with cement mortar or a composition of liquid glass. It is possible to clean an incompletely pumped well only in a team of three workers.

Cleaning the bottom and walls

One cleans the walls in the well, which is completely free of water, before that you need to make sure that there is air in the mine. To do this, lower the burning candle in the container, the candle does not go out - the order, which means there is enough oxygen for breathing.

So, the walls were cleaned, the cracks were removed, it is possible to clean the bottom of the mine:

The sediment in the form of clay and dirt must be removed with a scoop and bucket, lifted to the surface. Work should be in a helmet so that there are no injuries if the bucket accidentally falls.
The filter material in the form of stones must be washed, if they are damaged, they must be replaced. When the walls of the well have been cleaned of dirt, disinfection should be carried out with chlorine, which must be rubbed into the walls with a stiff brush.
The remaining chlorine is poured to the bottom, then it is necessary to cover the well with a film for 2-3 days. Pure chlorine you will need 3-5 grams per liter of water, bleach - 15-20 grams.
With bleach, you should work in a respirator, so as not to be poisoned by chlorine vapor.
Then liquid is removed from the mine, filled with water. As long as the smell of chlorine is present, the water should not be drunk. If the smell is too strong, you need to re-pump.

Disinfection can be done faster

You can make it even easier:

For this purpose, potassium permanganate is used, which needs to cover the well walls, leaving for a day.
Having done two pumpings, the water can be drunk, but the degree of purification will be less.
For efficiency, silicon is used, which is lowered into the mine in a grid. The silicon mesh must be changed twice a year.

The water used has an impact on human health, so to ensure its high quality, it is necessary to clean the well. This should be done not only when it is necessary: in the event of a sewer or animal ingress. The well is also cleaned for preventive purposes: for water disinfection or for complete cleaning with repairs.
Submersible drainage pumps for wells will help to perform this work efficiently. There are instructions, now the main thing is not to miss anything.

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