Do I need a ventilation riser in a private house. Ventilation in the sewer in a private house. External sewer ventilation in a private house

Any person living in a private household has at least once encountered a problem when, when strong wind or hot weather, “ambre” from the sewer penetrated into the dwelling. The gases formed as a result of the decomposition of organic matter smell unpleasant. In addition, you are probably familiar with sewer gurgling and “champing” when draining. Wastewater. This is due to a change in pressure in the sewer system and the formation of vacuum plugs. All these troubles are eliminated in a private house.

Ventilation is necessary for any type of sewerage: centralized, autonomous, isolated or non-isolated. It will not only provide the inflow of the required volume fresh air, but also balances the pressure of the system, due to which the drains will merge silently. The sewer hood should ideally be designed during construction in a private house. In practice, it happens that attention is paid to its arrangement only when guests make a comment about the fragrant persistent aroma in the room or on the site.

Ventilation schemes

When sewer ventilation is planned when designing a house, it is most often done inside the house. In this case, the riser is brought to the roof in the form fan pipe. It is, as it were, a natural extension of it. The diameter of both pipes must match (if the riser is 110 mm, then the fan pipe is 110 mm). The ventilation duct is thought out in such a way that the fan pipe is located at a distance from the windows (at least 4 meters) in order to timely naturally eliminate unpleasant odors.

The height of the fan pipe above the roof depends on the type of roof and varies from 0.2 to 3 meters. Its height is regulated by the set of rules SP 30.13330.2012. For example, for flat roof country house at least 300 mm of elevation is required, and for pitched - about 500 mm. From above, ventilation is equipped with a deflector that acts as a sewer protection against the penetration of precipitation and to enhance air draft. In general, the deflector increases the efficiency of the ventilation system in the house.

Experts do not recommend connecting the ventilation riser to the pipes of the chimney or the common house exhaust system. But it can combine approaches from several sewer risers. When lateral removal of the fan pipe (into the wall), it is not placed under the roof overhang, since there is a great danger in winter time failure of withdrawal by an array of snow or ice. It is also recommended to hide the outlet opening behind a decorative rosette.

Non-standard ventilation schemes

Has been described above classic way creation of a sewer ventilation system. However, if the building has already been built, such a hood is difficult to implement. In a private household, sewer ventilation can be external. There are three schemes outside the house exhaust system:

The main issues related to the aeration plant

Most often, people living in private households have doubts or questions regarding the creation of a ventilation system in their sewers. The main topics are:

Will ventilation cope with its functions in the hot summer, during the maximum decomposition of organic waste?

Yes, it will. This is due to the difference between external and internal temperatures between the treatment plant and the environment, due to which there is a constant heat and air exchange. The sewer water temperature will always differ from atmospheric air. This factor also contributes to the creation of a pressure difference in the installation and its effective ventilation.

Will the riser, which is an uninsulated (non-insulated) part of the structure, freeze in winter?

In winter, wastewater is always warmer than air, so the riser cannot freeze with regular use. treatment plant. In some regions, the riser facing the street should be insulated (insulated). For this, a pipe with a large diameter is used. For more detailed information it is better to turn to professionals.

Some time after the installation of aeration, odors began to penetrate into the rooms. Why?

Siphons filled with water tend to dry out, letting in an unpleasant odor. This happens if the sewer has not been used for a long time: the riser accumulates rarefied air. There are several ways to solve: change (increase) the volume of siphons, install fan pipes or an aeration valve on the riser. The valve will allow you to effectively carry out atmospheric air inside and prevent the air from being discharged in the pipes.

To create comfortable conditions for living in a private house in without fail it is necessary to equip sewer ventilation. It will ensure that there is no stranger in the premises bad smell. Each plumbing device equipped with a siphon (a curved pipe, inside which there is always water). This creates a water seal from the side of the septic tank. This is the first condition to prevent the spread of unpleasant odors. But with intensive draining of water simultaneously from the bathroom and the toilet, the air in sewer pipe is discharged, the pressure drops sharply. As a result, water from the siphons goes into the pipe and air from the septic tank can flow freely. How is sewage ventilation arranged in a private house in order to protect oneself from such unpleasant phenomena? Let's look into this issue.

Device rules to follow

Sewer ventilation in a private house, as was said, is mandatory. It will prevent the spread foreign odors in the bathrooms. If the house has several risers, they are combined into a common ventilation system.

There are several basic rules for installing ventilation risers in a private house:

the exhaust pipe is brought to the roof of the house, to a height of at least 1 m;
if several ventilation systems are combined into one, it is necessary to use pipes of the same diameter (usually 50 or 110 mm);
it is not necessary to install a cap on the outlet section of the ventilation pipe, because condensate may form, which in winter forms ice plugs;
it is forbidden to combine sewer ventilation with a chimney or with a common ventilation system private house;
ventilation tube should be located at a distance of at least 4 m from the windows of the last floor and balconies;
it is not recommended to mount the ventilation pipe under the roof overhang, since snow and ice coming down from the roof in winter can damage it.

Properly equipped sewer ventilation will ensure comfortable living in a private house and prevent the entry of gases and odors into its premises.

Pipe selection and overall design

Consider the option of a multi-storey private house. If sanitary facilities are installed on each floor, then simultaneous draining from all floors can increase the absorption of water from the siphons. For this reason, the sewer pipe must be led out through the roof. Its height must be more than 4 m from ground level. Only in this case:

water will remain in the hydraulic seals;
when draining, an air lock will not be created;
unpleasant odors will not spread in the premises.

For sewer ventilation, it is recommended to use plastic pipes. They are light, their installation is simple, they are equipped with all the elements necessary for connection. Almost any man who has minimal skills in repair and construction can mount ventilation from plastic pipes.

The pipe is brought out through a special ventilation duct, which is provided even when designing a house.

Scheme of ventilation of the sewerage system of a two-story private house

If for some reason the installation of the pipe was not provided for by the project, it can be mounted with a horizontal outlet into the wall, covering the outside with a decorative rosette.

It is important to know! AT one-story house the ventilation pipe can have a diameter of 50 mm, in high-rise buildings- not less than 110 mm.

In areas with harsh winters the pipe should be insulated to prevent icing at the outlet.

The ventilation pipe can be mounted with a horizontal outlet to the wall, covering the outside with a decorative rosette

If there are any difficulties with the ventilation device (for example, it is expensive) or it is not possible at all, there is another option for solving the problem - ventilation of the sewage system using vacuum-type valves.

Installation of vacuum valves

Installation of vacuum valves is carried out inside the house at the end sewer riser.

The vacuum valve installed at the top of the riser is activated by vacuum and does not allow unpleasant odors to escape from the riser

Their device and principle of operation:

the valve has a spring with little resistance, as well as a rubber tight seal;
when there is a discharge in the sewer from drains moving along the riser, the valve immediately works - it opens, passing air from the room into the sewer system. As a result, the vacuum is extinguished;
after the pressure in the room and the sewer system is equalized, the spring works, closing the valve opening and thereby preventing the fetid odor from the sewer riser from entering the house.

Vacuum valves cannot, however, be a complete replacement for ventilation pipes.

Over time, they become clogged and fail. In addition, vacuum valves will not be able to eliminate sewer odors if water has dried up in the siphons installed to plumbing fixtures.

The layer of water in the water seal is a reliable barrier to the entry of sewer odors into the apartment

It is important! A water seal is a mandatory attribute of all wastewater receivers installed in the sewer system. Even the best sewer ventilation, in its absence, cannot fully guarantee the removal of an unpleasant odor.

With these materials at hand, you can make a vacuum valve with your own hands

If placement is not possible check valve on the riser it is installed on any site horizontal pipe leading to the sewer line.

Private houses built with modern projects, as a rule, are equipped with a sewerage system. This system is designed to perform important role- radically improve the sanitary and epidemiological situation inside the premises. At the same time, as part of the implementation of such projects, sewer ventilation in a private house is also desirable.

It is projects with ventilation of sewerage systems that guarantee the full comfort of the home and contribute to the normal operation of household wastewater lines. What ventilation schemes are the most effective and how to implement them in a private house - this is what we will talk about in our article.

We will also analyze the installation features constituent elements sewer ventilation, paying attention to the norms and rules that should be observed in this case.

Private residential buildings, in contrast to municipal housing, have individual features. Therefore, the sewerage scheme of a private house cannot always be compared with typical municipal projects. You can only borrow individual solutions.

City municipal real estate is necessarily equipped with internal sewerage with ventilation. Projects of private housing construction often exclude such an approach.

As a result, an important function of sewer operation is violated - blocking the exit of sewer fumes into the interior of the premises.

Projects of modern housing in the private sector are trying, if possible, to implement with the connection household sewerage to the central highway. Stand-alone schemes, however, are predominant in private homes.

The issue of ventilation of sewer networks is considered, as a rule, in relation to. This includes all drain lines installed directly inside buildings.

At the same time, based on the classification of collected wastewater, sewer systems are divided into three types:

household(household and fecal);
rain ();
production(industrial).

Household household and fecal communications, in turn, are divided into centralized and autonomous systems. Many projects of private houses are completed and are being carried out under an autonomous type.

True to present stage erection of private residential real estate, its owners are increasingly trying to connect home sewage to centralized lines. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with all the country houses popular among users.

Internal household communications traditionally contain the following plumbing fixtures:

sinks and bathtubs;
toilets, urinals and bidets;
shower cabins.

This entire set is united by a piping system, which also includes ventilation risers, collectors, inlets, and other components designed to ensure the full functionality of the internal sewage system.

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Why is sewer ventilation necessary?

According to existing construction standards, low-rise (up to 2 floors) private real estate is allowed to be operated without equipping the sewerage system with a fan pipe.

This tolerance is due to a small number of people (consumers) living in small private houses, which means a relatively weak load on the plumbing main.

This is how the end part of the design of the fan pipe looks like, brought out of the roof of a residential building. The main riser usually ends at the level of the attic and is connected to the end part using a corrugated tube of the appropriate diameter.

A fan pipe is a structure assembled from standard plumbing pipes and installed as a vertical riser with access to a level above the roof horizon. The purpose of such a structure is to create a connection (ventilation) between the internal atmosphere sewer communications and atmosphere of the environment.

Thanks to this connection, the pressure difference that occurs during the discharge of a large mass of wastewater is compensated. In addition, the ventilation riser eliminates the formation of stagnation of gases in the line.

The need to remove the ventilation riser becomes obvious if the calculations show that the simultaneous flow from several plumbing fixtures is able to block the cross section of the main sewer pipe.

This situation leads to a “breakdown” of hydraulic valves (carryover of water from the siphons of sinks, bathtubs, etc.). As a result, unpleasant odors begin to penetrate through the vacated space into the room.

True, for the restoration of water seals it is enough for a short time turn on the flow of water on plumbing fixtures.

The standard layout of the sewerage system in a private two-story house with ventilation stand. It is usually used in private housing construction projects designed for the construction of two or more floors.

Such a development of events usually does not threaten the communications of a small private house. However, it is recommended not to abandon the construction of sewer ventilation for greater reliability and peace of mind for personal comfort.

The introduction of a sewer pipe into the sewerage scheme eliminates the “breakdown” of hydraulic valves, ensures the balance of air flows and ventilation inside communications.

Mandatory use of a ventilation riser:

in private houses more than two floors with toilets and baths on each floor;
when the size of the section of pipelines, branches and risers of the sewer line is less than 50 mm;
the project of the house provides for the installation of a septic tank in the adjacent territory.

If the project of the house provides for the placement of a pool associated with public sewerage, you will also have to take care of installing the riser.

Schemes for creating effective ventilation

Consider the main options for arranging effective ventilation of the sewer system in a private household.

Option # 1 - installation of a fan pipe

The efficiency of ventilation of the sewerage system is ensured by the observance of two main principles for installing a fan pipe. The first principle is based on the difference between the diameters of the outlet and main pipes.

The diameter of the drain pipe should always be equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the outlet from the main sewer line.

The second principle is to lead and mount the outlet of the upper end of the ventilation pipeline to the free air flow zone.

Installation of a ventilation riser always involves the use of pipes with a diameter equal to or greater than the diameter of the main sewer line. The figure shows the transition from the tee of the sewer system to the fan pipe

Installation of the ventilation riser is traditionally carried out using standard plastic pipes 110 mm in diameter. In addition to plastic, they are also used to assemble a fan line cast iron pipes. But such a construction option, as a rule, is the prerogative of large projects.

Pipes are connected to each other using rubber seals. They fasten the ventilation line to the wall of the house with metal clamps, applying them to the surface of the pipes through rubber gaskets.

The ventilation riser is led from the junction point with the sewer, with a subsequent passage through all floors of a private house, including the attic area. The conclusion of the end part is carried out beyond the boundaries of the roof of the building

The top point of the ventilation pipe brought out must be above the horizon roofing not lower than 300 - 700 mm. These values are recommended for installation on houses with flat roofs or where the roof is made at a slight slope. The steeper the roof slope, the higher the height of the end part of the ventilation pipe becomes.

Building codes also provide for maintaining the height distance from the top of closely spaced windows to the top of the vent pipe.

The rules (SNiP) do not allow the sewer ventilation line to be combined with others technical systems(chimneys, air hoods and etc.).

In developing a project for the construction of ventilation of an independent sewerage system of a country house, the following requirements must be taken into account:

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Option # 2 - fan pipe + end pipe

For projects of private houses, it is sometimes permissible to introduce a scheme for installing a sewer ventilation riser, in which the upper cut of the pipeline remains in the attic area.

But in this version, the attic should have the design of an actively ventilated room, which is rare for private housing construction projects. Therefore, the scheme with pulling the sewer ventilation pipe through the roof of the building remains relevant.

The output through the roof is usually implemented according to the following plan:

The ventilation riser is finished in the attic.
A pipe-end pipe is installed on the roof.
The corrugation connects the upper cut of the riser with the lower cut of the limit switch.

Installation of the end pipe on the roof is convenient and easy to perform using an elastic polymer adapter. This strong durable element has round shape(there are also square ones), and due to the stepwise change in the diameters of the passage, it is easy to fit it to a pipe of a specific section.

It is only necessary to cut off the excess part of the adapter material along the line of the required diameter.

The end pipe, equipped with an adapter, is inserted into the through hole, previously made in the calculated place of the roofing. The lower cuff of the elastic adapter is treated with a sealant along the entire circumference of its connection.

In order to enhance the effectiveness of natural traction, they are additionally placed on the upper end part of the fan riser.

Ventilation deflector - a device capable of increasing air draft due to the pronounced aerodynamic properties of the structure. The principle of operation of such devices is based on the Bernoulli effect, when the speed of movement air masses is directly proportional to the change in the cross section of the channel.

For sewer ventilation schemes of private houses, static (fixed) deflectors are often used. Less common, but also used.

This seemingly simple device plays a significant role in the ventilation of the home sewer system. According to various estimates, the deflector gives an increase in traction gain by 20-30%.

Option # 3 - sewer hood device

If the sewer outlet is not equipped with a water seal or the actions of the specified useful device is not enough, it is worth building and installing a sewer hood:

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Option #4 - install an aeration (vacuum) valve

The use of vacuum (aeration) valves as an alternative to a drain pipe should be considered a purely conventional phenomenon. The scheme with vacuum valves remains to be used by owners of private real estate only if it is completely impossible to install a ventilation riser.

The low reliability of the operation of aeration valves is confirmed even by the absence of any information on these devices in the SNiP documentation.

Double aeration valve for a sewer pipe section of 110 mm. Under the unscrewed head of one of the parts found simplest design based on a rubber-plastic membrane

Vacuum valves are used exclusively on sewerage systems of private small-format houses.

The valve device is simple:

plastic round body;
in the body through hole for the valve;
membrane, rubber gasket.

The principle of operation of the device is also simple. If a rarefied atmosphere (vacuum) is created in the sewer pipe due to a pressure imbalance, the valve opens and air from the room is sucked into the pipe. As soon as the pressure in the pipe equalizes, the valve returns to its place.

If desired, the aeration mechanism can be made independently. But there are factory-made products on sale with running sections of 50 and 110 mm. They are not cheap, but more reliable.

Aeration valves are usually installed in the immediate vicinity of plumbing risers on high points sewer system. Most often, the installation of the valve is done on the upper outlet of the tee (cross), which is mounted on the outlet line from the toilet.

Owners of private houses who have made a choice in favor of aeration valves will have to periodically deal with maintenance these plumbing fixtures.

A certain period of operation of vacuum valves is accompanied by the accumulation of deposits and contaminants in the place where the valve seal is located.

The tightness of the device is broken, sewage odors begin to penetrate into the room. Therefore, maintenance must be carried out from time to time, and here is another plus in favor of the first ventilation scheme.

This is how the installation of the aeration valve on the riser, which will be located next to the toilet in the toilet of a private house, looks like. This is one of the common applications, showing quite effective action.

Another disadvantage of simplified valve ventilation household system sewerage - it is operational only in conditions of positive temperatures. That is, if the aeration valve is installed in the area of possible temperature drop to zero degrees and below, there is a risk of a system malfunction.

We have on the site detailed instructions to the sewer.

Option # 5 - external sewer ventilation device

Often there is information about external ventilation schemes for the sewerage system of private houses. The principle of construction of external ventilation is indicated almost the same as in the case of the internal scheme.

The fan riser for ventilation is mounted against the wall of the house and rises above the roof. Meanwhile, SNiP does not give any recommendations in this regard.

On the contrary, the documentation clearly states that fan risers for domestic sewer ventilation should be built inside heated rooms.

Assembling a homemade fan pipe deflector

Optional to buy ventilation deflector. This traction pumping mechanism is quite capable of being done independently.

From a set of tools and material you will need the following:

galvanized metal sheet;
fasteners (small bolts with nuts or rivets);
metal scissors;
pencil, ruler.

First of all, the lower part of the device is marked - a cone-shaped bell. At the bottom, its diameter size should correspond to the diameter of the ventilation riser, and the diameter size of the upper part is increased by 10-15% of the bottom size.

Something like this looks like a homemade deflector made under the sewer ventilation pipe of a private house. A minimum of tools and material and almost the same efficiency as factory models

The resulting cone is fastened with bolts or rivets, a “skirt” is placed in the middle part, cutting off part of the air flow. An umbrella is attached to the top of the racks.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

You can learn more about the placement and meaning of the fan riser from the following video:

A comfortable environment in the house is the main factor that encourages owners of private residential buildings to recommend to pay attention to standard sewer ventilation technology.

Apply this method or be content simplified scheme ventilation - to be decided directly by homeowners. Extra construction plans "fly out" for a pretty penny. True, there is always a price to pay for comfort.

Are you thinking about installing a ventilation riser for your home's sewer system? Maybe you still have unanswered questions after reading our article? Ask for advice - our engineer will try to help you.

Or do you already use simple sewer ventilation, arranged by yourself? Tell us what scheme you used, what difficulties you encountered in the design and whether you are satisfied with the efficiency of the riser - leave your comments, add a photo in the block under this article.

The sewerage of any private house needs ventilation. Proof of this are the "strange" sounds, gurgling and stench that come through the plums in strong winds or hot summers. Investments in the arrangement of sewer ventilation apartment building and a cottage, they will preserve the comfort and pleasant atmosphere of the home without ruining the budget too much.

Siphon and odors

Some owners doubt whether ventilation is needed in the sewerage of a private house. And they are convinced of its necessity when the stench spreads from bathrooms and kitchens throughout the house.

The composition of sewage is heterogeneous, therefore, fermentation processes are constantly going on in the pipes, accompanied by gas formation. To prevent sewer odors from venting drain holes plumbing is equipped with a siphon (water seal).

With ideal sewerage, the siphon is filled with water to a certain level. If the plumbing is not used for some time, the water level drops, organic vapors spread throughout the room.

Ventilation is needed to balance the pressure in the drain system.

Disgusting smells and gurgling are also explained by the fact that when flushing feces, pressure drops in the pipes. The liquid from full siphons is drawn into the pipes and nothing prevents the stench.

There is only one way to avoid the appearance of vacuum plugs - a ventilation device for the sewer system.

Is sewer ventilation necessary in a private house?

Building codes allow the use of sewage without ventilation in houses no higher than 2 floors with a small amount of sewage.

If the volume of wastewater overlaps the cross section of the sewer pipe, ventilation is required for sewerage.

The drain will not close when one plumbing fixture is running in the house at the same time. For example, the standard toilet drain diameter is 7 cm, and the pipe diameter is 11 cm. But if two toilet bowls are drained at the same time, the sewer will be blocked. For your information, the diameter of the drain pipe of the bathroom or washbasin is 5 cm.

Having calculated the possible salvo discharge of all plumbing at home, it becomes clear whether sewer ventilation is needed in a private house.

Ventilation in the sewer must be equipped if:

the diameter of the risers is equal to or less than 5 cm;
the house is two or more storey, bathrooms and washbasins are located on all floors;
there is a swimming pool or a large bath in the cottage itself or near it.

Another argument in favor of the ventilation scheme for the sewerage of a private house: modern siphons are often very small in volume and the water they contain can dry out in a few days.

Returning after a short absence, the owners will be unpleasantly surprised by the unpleasant smell in the house.

The fan pipe in this case plays the role of a chimney. Due to the pressure difference, air from the sewer is discharged to the street.

Fan pipe ventilation

The main thing in the sewerage ventilation device of a private house is a fan pipe. It brings "odorous" gases out.

Usually, when designing a house, a channel for a fan pipe is provided.

Fan pipe location rules:

The end of the fan pipe extends beyond the roof by at least half a meter;
Distance to windows and balconies - at least 4 meters so as not to be disturbed by the smell;
It is forbidden to bring the fan pipe into the general house ventilation;
It is possible to combine sewer risers with one pipe for ventilation;
It is not advisable to bring the ventilation riser under the roof eaves. There is a high probability of its breakdown by snow sliding from the roof;
The head of the pipe is covered with a ventilation umbrella for sewerage. The ventilation umbrella equalizes the pressure in the sewer, protects the system from rain and snow. Unlike deflectors, ventilation umbrellas for sewerage are resistant to icing in the cold season.

According to the rules, each sewer riser is ventilated separately. To do this, the fan pipe is mounted on the riser furthest from the exit of the sewer from the cottage. A septic tank will also be ventilated through it. Vacuum valves are installed at the ends of the remaining risers for sewer ventilation.

Fan pipes for each riser make up the optimal sewer ventilation scheme for a private house.

Materials and installation of sewer ventilation

Depending on the outputs, two schemes for ventilation of the sewerage system of a private house are possible:

insulated or insulated;
Non-isolated.

The first option is widely used in areas with a harsh climate.

In private houses, PVC pipes are used for sewer ventilation, which are inexpensive, hermetically interconnected, and easy to install.

The cross-sectional diameter of the fan pipe should be selected greater than or equal to the cross-section of the riser, from 5 cm in a 1-storey building and from 11 cm in 2 or more.

The diameter of the insulated riser at the outlet is about 16 cm.

Diameter of pipes for sewer ventilation in an apartment building and a cottage for:

connections to sinks or bidets 3 - 4.5 cm;
kitchen sinks, showers, bathtubs - 5 cm;
toilets 11 cm;
risers 6.5 - 7.5 cm.

Sewer ventilation in apartment buildings, connecting 2 or more risers, is made of PVC pipes up to 20 cm in diameter. To connect collectors and wells, pipes of even larger sections are used.

Vacuum ventilation valves

Valves are used as an alternative or addition to a fan pipe. This is the way out if the house has already been built, but ventilation is provided.

They should not freeze, they are usually installed in the attic. Mechanism of action ventilation valve for sewerage is very simple. Its lumen is hermetically covered by a membrane held by a weak spring. When the water is drained, air is discharged in the riser, the membrane moves back and lets air into the sewer system. The pressure in the pipe equalizes and the valve closes automatically. Thus, the valve is opened only when it is necessary to let the air from the room into the pipes.

Some owners prefer to install a vacuum sewer directly in the bathroom or toilet. In this case, it is important to provide access to it for control.

The valve should be 30-35 cm above the floor.

The valve for ventilation of the sewage system can be assembled independently.

Materials and tools:

spring from a fountain pen;
end tee;
self-tapping screw 45 mm;
polyethylene lid for a glass jar;
a small sheet of thin foam rubber;
glue;
awl.

Work progress:

Cut out a circle with a diameter of 50 mm from the lid, screw a self-tapping screw into the center;
We cut out a circle of a slightly larger diameter from foam rubber and glue it to a plastic mug by pulling out a self-tapping screw;
In the end tee we make holes with a diameter of 5 mm at intervals of 25 mm, punch a hole with an awl and insert a self-tapping screw;
Now we unscrew the screw and assemble the finished valve.

If the valve is assembled correctly, the air blown into the holes will pass freely. The slot width is adjustable with a self-tapping screw.

Unfortunately, a vacuum valve can only partially replace a complete ventilation system.

After a while, it may become clogged or break. And the valves are absolutely useless when the water seals dry out.

The drain pipe prevents the suction of water traps from the siphons into the pipes and very effectively prevents the smell of the sewer. Ventilation also reduces stench when water seals dry out, which is typical for showers and drains.

drain plumbing equipment must contain a water seal. Even with a competent ventilation device in a private house, some of the unpleasant odors can penetrate through drains without a water seal.

Ventilation connection to the sewer

fresh air in the house and in the yard

Sometimes even competent scheme does not provide high-quality ventilation sewers in a private house. If the piping is too long (more than 3 m), enhanced ventilation is required.

To solve the problem, an increase in the cross section of the eyeliner is required. So, the calculated indicator of 4 cm increases to 5 cm with a length of 3 meters.

If the eyeliner is 5 meters, the diameter increases by 1/4. It will be necessary to increase the cross section of the eyeliner even with a height difference of 1 to 3 meters. An increase in diameter is also required when, when connecting to the toilet, the height difference was more than 100 cm.

If this method does not work, you will have to equip additional sewer ventilation in a private house in the form of a vacuum valve or an additional fan pipe.

Video about whether the sewerage of a private house needs ventilation and how it should be arranged:

A fan riser is a pipe that connects the sewer to the environment, i.e. atmosphere. In practice, this looks like a continuation of the sewer riser, which is led through the attic to the roof.

Therefore, the fan riser is also called ventilation. But why does the sewer system need ventilation? Many beginners mistakenly believe that it only removes unpleasant odors from the sewer, but this is far from the case.

To answer the question posed, let's look at what processes occur in the sewer during the flow through the riser a large number drains.

The pipeline in this case works like a pump, in which effluents flowing in a large volume serve as a piston. Accordingly, during their downward movement in the sewer system, a zone of discharged pressure appears above the drains. This usually happens after flushing the toilet.

If the discharged pressure is not normalized by drawing in air through the vent, air is sucked in through the plumbing fixtures. As a result, the hydraulic seal breaks down in the area where it is the weakest. Those. water in the water seal is simply sucked into the system.

Recall that a water seal is, in fact, a water valve that prevents the penetration of an unpleasant odor from the sewer into the room. It is formed in the siphon, which must be installed between each plumbing fixture and the sewer.

Therefore, in the process of breaking the hydraulic seal from plumbing fixture a characteristic “gurgling” is heard, which is probably familiar to many apartment owners in high-rise buildings. After that, an unpleasant odor appears in the room, as the gases from the pipeline begin to freely escape to the outside.

As you probably already guessed, the ventilation riser is just what is needed to equalize the pressure in the sewer. According to current SNiP, it should be installed in all houses that have more than one floor.

Keep in mind that the lack of ventilation leads not only to the failure of hydraulic seals, but also to a deterioration in the pipeline's patency. This is especially noticeable in the area of "beds".

Accordingly, there can be no talk of any dismantling of the fan pipe, since this will only lead to a number of problems.

Rules for arranging ventilation

To sewer ventilation worked effectively, it must be carried out in compliance with the following rules:

Air valve

There are situations when the fan pipe is not enough for the normal operation of the sewer, i.e. the water seal breaks down, despite its presence. This can happen due to clogging of the system or improper installation. In a private house, sewer ventilation may be absent altogether.

How to be in such cases? Of course, you can resort to extreme measures - to replace old design Or install a new one from scratch. However, there is a simpler solution - this is the installation of an air valve.

Principle this device extremely simple - it allows the system to freely suck in air from environment, but immediately blocks the output in the event of a reverse thrust. Therefore, gases from the sewer cannot escape through the valve to the outside.

I must say that the air valve is a rather capricious device. Therefore, for its correct operation, it is necessary to observe certain rules mounting:

Keep in mind that the capacity of the air valve is significantly less bandwidth fan ventilation. Therefore, it cannot be considered as an alternative to the riser in multi-storey buildings.

Here, in fact, is all the information regarding sewer ventilation.

Conclusion

As you can see, without a fan riser, it is impossible to ensure the normal operation of most internal sewer systems. Therefore, if your sewer contains given element, there is no way to get rid of it. An exception is in private homes, where an air valve can be used as an alternative.

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