Noise insulation of the roof of the house from a metal tile. Choosing a quality soundproofing material
Noise insulation of the roof of a house made of metal tiles is necessary to provide acoustic comfort to people living in the house. Soundproofing material can be installed after the roofing is laid, but it is more efficient to provide for the installation of soundproofing elements at the roof design stage.
Features of a metal roof
Metal roofing has a fairly long service life. Roofing material is affordable, easy to install, has a relatively low weight, can be used on roofs of complex shapes. It is worth noting the wide color scheme metal tiles. However, sheet metal roofing has a significant drawback: the coating protects well building construction from external influences, but at the same time the material has extremely low thermal and sound insulation properties. In other words, thermal insulation and soundproofing of a metal roof is an obligatory step in the arrangement of a roofing pie of a residential building.
"Loud" roof: the main reasons
The sound of raindrops drumming on a metal roof is clearly audible in the house if the roof does not have high-quality sound insulation.
If the installation of the coating is performed with errors, "noise" metal roofing increases significantly, it can rattle and resonate even with small gusts of wind.
The most common installation errors are::
- The crate under the metal tile is installed unevenly, with variable pitch, using slats of different thicknesses. In this case, in wide areas, the roofing sags, due to which a resonating effect arises - the “loudness” of the roof increases markedly.
- Savings on fasteners. If less than 7-10 self-tapping screws per 1 square meter of coverage are used during the installation of metal tiles, the roof “sounds” stronger during rain. It is important not only to create the required number of fastening points, but also to use special fastening fittings for this roofing, equipped with a neoprene seal.
- Wrong cutting sheet material, installation of sheets of metal tiles "stretched". In this case, the material is deformed even in the absence of an external load. Metal heating from sun rays or strong cooling provokes an increase in deformation displacements, as a result, the roof may begin to “buzz” even in calm weather.
The soundproofing of a metal tile should be the denser, the less angle slope of the roof slope - this is due to the peculiarities of the physics of the fall of water drops on sheet metal.
By avoiding mistakes during the installation of a roofing pie, it is possible to significantly increase the efficiency of work on creating a reliable soundproofing of a roof made of metal tiles.
What material to choose for soundproofing?
To create high-quality sound insulation of a roof made of metal tiles, various materials. When choosing, you should focus on the following parameters:
- sound absorption index;
- dynamic modulus of elasticity.
Sound absorption index (IS) in without fail indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging of the material, in manuals and instructions, and the material itself can also be labeled. The sound absorption index indicates the proportion of sound energy that an insulator can absorb. The higher this parameter, the more efficient use of this material.
The role of the sound insulator of the roof is performed by heat-insulating materials. Today they are very popular polymer materials, in particular, foam and foam. The sound absorption index of foam plastic sheets is only 0.3, which means that the material is unsuitable for soundproofing roofs with a “loud” coating. The penoplex index is 0.5, which corresponds to the lower limit of applicability.
advantage in this component have cotton materials:
- FROM glass wool - 0.6;
- FROM mineral wool – 0,7;
- FROM basalt fiber - 0.9.
Among the materials of the affordable price segment, this is the most effective options for soundproofing metal roofing.
The second parameter of soundproofing materials is the dynamic modulus of elasticity (DMU). The lower this value, the higher the acoustic protection. For example:
- DMU foam 0.6-1.35;
- DMU of mineral wool 0.3-0.35;
- DMU of basalt fiber and glass fiber from 0.05 to 0.25 (depending on the technological design and thickness of the material).
Considering both parameters, we can conclude that the noise from metal tiles will be most effectively extinguished by insulation made of basalt fiber, mineral wool or fiberglass. But at the same time, it should be borne in mind that the purchase of a sound insulator made of basalt fiber will cost significantly more.
Soundproofing work during the installation of a roofing pie
Soundproofing material can be laid from the side of the attic, or from outside before installation of roofing. The second option is usually resorted to, if necessary, to provide acoustic protection for an already mounted roof.
When arranging a new roof, a special roof is laid on top of the rafters. waterproofing membrane or ruberoid. A rack frame should be filled on top of the waterproofing. At the same time, it is important not to damage the membrane with fixing fittings in places where it does not lie on the rafters.. Each frame rail immediately before fasteners must be processed mounting foam or waterproof glue on the underside of the membrane.
The soundproofing material is placed in the gaps of the frame with some "overlapping" on the rails. The height of the rails is determined by the thickness of the material used. The sound insulator itself does not need to be fixed, it holds upper layer thermal protection. This layer of material must be laid as evenly as possible, avoiding tears and crushing.
When purchasing soundproofing material, 10-15% of total area roofs.
It is recommended to lay a heater on the frame wrapped with mineral wool (noise insulation under a metal tile) - it can be foam plastic, polystyrene or roll materials by attaching it to the rafter legs. Next, it is necessary to fill the counter-lattice along the rafter legs, mount the crate and lay the finishing roofing, observing the metal tile installation technology.
To increase the effectiveness of roof sound insulation, it is required to exclude acoustic bridges during the installation of metal tiles.
Sound vibrations from the roofing are transmitted through the rafters to the wall sheathing, which significantly increases the resonating surface. The insulating material cannot reduce this vibration. For this reason, it is necessary to use special insulating gaskets when mounting the counter batten. Felt, rubber or polyethylene foam can be used as gaskets.
The anti-vibration pads used must be of the same thickness.
Soundproofing finished roof
Noise insulation of the roof of a house made of metal tiles can be performed after the installation of the roofing. In this case, sheet or roll insulation acts as a sound insulator, which is placed between the rafters and fixed with slats or a stretched cord.
If vibration-proof pads were not used during the installation of metal tiles, the effectiveness of internal sound insulation is noticeably reduced.
Characteristics of roofing material - corrugated board
The pro-thinned-out flooring (professional flooring) - reliable, environmentally friendly, tight, comfortable material from the point of view of fixture. Profiled sheet, otherwise galvanized corrugated board, is a more versatile and sought-after modern building material that has a unique low price, excellent technical specifications and unsurpassed mounting possibilities.
Properties of roofing corrugated board
The most significant advantages of corrugated board are:
- ideal impact strength and ability to withstand severe mechanical stress;
- unpretentiousness and durability;
- thermal and climatic inertia.
Except positive characteristics corrugated board has one drawback: minimal sound insulation (the coating increases the volume of ambient sounds several times). Residents of houses whose roofs are covered with corrugated board often complain about increased noise, any rain, hail makes such noise that it seems that machine-gun fire has begun.
Builders are convinced that this is due to errors that are made during installation, as well as the lightness of the material. But experts say that in fact, noise can be removed with the help of a roofing pie, which is truly complex and has the necessary thermal insulation composition.
A good assembly will also save you from unnecessary noise.
A set of tools for laying a roof from a profiled sheet
- A tape measure will help you install the crate with the same distance, as well as make all the necessary measurements.
- You will need a clerical knife in order to cut noise and heat insulating materials.
- Screwdriver with various types nozzles.
- Staple gun. It is needed for fixing noise and waterproofing.
- A gun that is used to work with sealing compounds. This device will be needed to seal the joints at the last stage of work.
- Pliers of the "corrugation" type will be needed when bending the folds on the sheets necessary to fix the drainage systems.
- A strip bender is needed to bend the sheet in the gutters of the drain.
- Lever hand scissors, perforated electric shears for cutting metal.
What materials to choose for soundproofing the roof?
In order to correctly select soundproofing material, it is necessary to have some knowledge of acoustics in construction area. If you listen only to other people's advice and do not understand the essence of the process of absorbing sound waves, then there will be no guarantee that you will effectively solve the problem of sound insulation. To choose the right material for sound insulation, you need to know the following two indicators: the sound absorption index and the dynamic modulus of elasticity.
The first tells about what part of the total amount of radiated sound energy the material has already absorbed, that is, how effectively it worked as a sound insulator. This value is evaluated in laboratory tests (the sound frequency range from 125 to 4000 Hz is the noise spectrum in residential buildings).
Positive sound insulation of the roof will be possible if materials with an indicator of at least 0.6 are used. So, for example, for wood, this sound absorption index is 0.07-0.14, for mineral technical wool- this is 0.6 - 0.9, for polystyrene, although it is in good standing in terms of heat-insulating quality, it looks very modest - 0.13 - 0.2. Therefore, foam is not recommended for soundproofing roofs.
The dynamic modulus of elasticity has measurements in MPa, it characterizes the elastic properties of materials. The higher it is, the worse the sound is absorbed by the material. This is explained by dense material better than loose, reflects sound. By comparing fiberglass or basalt slabs (their modulus of elasticity is 0.05-0.25) with foam plastic (its index is from 0.5 to 1.4), we can conclude that fiber materials are more suitable.
In addition, fiberglass can also be used for soundproofing. It is a little more expensive, and besides, you will need additional vapor barrier of your roof, but at the same time you will also insulate your building.
Cork can also be a good sound insulator (usually it is sold in rolls up to 10 m, with a thickness of 2 to 8 mm). It will also serve as a heater. Available liquid cork material, it is not cheap, but the roof will look great.
An excellent sound, steam and heat insulator is penofol (its thickness is 8 m). If you attach it with the foil down, the reflected heat will return back into the house.
Another inexpensive way reducing noise on yours is covering it with polymer or bituminous mastic. It will make the covering material heavier and reduce the sound of rain, which reinforces the corrugated board.
If you choose an excellent soundproofing material, then you will simultaneously solve the problem of thermal insulation, since any fibrous and loose material perfectly retains heat. After you have purchased quality material, the next step is to select the optimal design for installation.
Soundproof roof installation
To avoid the sound transmission of the roof, it is necessary to follow the recommendations indicated by the manufacturers of corrugated board. To begin with, along the supports (rafters) it is necessary to lay roll waterproofing, which in the future will significantly prevent rotting of wood floors. Further, to increase the level of sound insulation, it is necessary to fill the crate of wooden slats. The most important stage is the correct laying of the insulation, the task of which is to protect the space under the roof from external influence environment, it increases the level of noise insulation of the roof.
Start laying noise and waterproofing material needed on the rafters in horizontal position. Installation must begin from the roof overhang. To do this, noise and waterproofing materials must be fixed between the rafters. To improve sound insulation, additional mineral polymer-sand wool is added on top, the thickness of which is 20 cm. Next, a vapor barrier film is placed. In this case, the overlap should be about 15 cm. An important tip is not to overtighten the material. It would be better if you leave a small sag. We fix the materials with staples using a staple gun. Finishing the laying of hydro- and noise-insulating layers, we fix them with the help of a counter-rail. It is better to leave a small gap between the layers. Next, you need to build a crate. For installation of the crate system, it is recommended to use wooden beam. It is better to make the step of the crate 90-120 cm. Do not forget that it is necessary to fix the corrugated board only after all the joints are completely sealed!
Insulating material is recommended to be installed in the gaps between the rafters. From above, it is connected to the crate, because of this, the requirement to provide a gap between elements such as sound insulation and corrugated board is automatically fulfilled.
But if we do not eliminate the influence of the rafters - acoustic bridges that transmit vibrations of the coating to the sheathing of the walls of the building - then the sound insulation of the corrugated board will not work 100%. As a result, we can get a large surface that resonates, and therefore the insulation will not reduce its vibration.
Also, an insulating gasket can solve the indicated problem of soundproofing galvanized corrugated board - any elastic material (both ordinary felt and polyethylene foam are suitable). If you install insulating strips along the rafters, then external noise will also not be transmitted into the house through the corrugated board.
Experts and builders claim that if the installation is carried out in compliance with all the above technologies, the sound insulation of the roof will be quite high.
As a result, we note one more factor on which sound insulation does not directly depend, but it must be taken into account when you are doing roofing work.
If you install the sheets poorly, they will undergo deformation from the effects of temperature, precipitation and wind. And this, of course, will lead to the fact that noise, creaking and rattling will be provided to you. Therefore, our advice to you: you need to start dealing with the problem from the very first screw screwed into your roof!
Metal tiles are actively used in low-rise housing construction, due to their high performance, durability, reliability and attractive appearance. appearance, which mimics a spectacular but expensive ceramic tiles. However, thin sheet metal coating has a high resonant ability, which is why the owners of the house have discomfort during rain, hail or even wind. To reduce this unpleasant acoustic effect, high-quality sound insulation of the roof of a house made of metal tiles is necessary. In this article we will tell you what insulating materials are used for this and how they are mounted.
In fact, metal tiles are thin sheets of galvanized steel with polymer coated, which are given a wavy relief with the help of a press. This material is recommended for roofs with a slope of 15-45 degrees, it is overlapped, which ensures reliable waterproofing. The advantages of metal tiles are the following qualities:
- Durability. The service life of a metal profile roof, subject to the recommendations for installation, operation and maintenance, is more than 30 years. In addition, they are highly maintainable.
- Weather resistance. The metal tile is resistant to temperature extremes, corrosion protection achieved through the use of a zinc and polymer layer, as well as UV tolerance.
- Mechanical strength. The metal roof is very durable, it can withstand significant weight loads and is not subject to mechanical damage.
- A light weight. On average, 1 square meter of galvanized steel roofing weighs 6.5 kg, so its installation does not require a reinforced truss frame and crate.
Important! Availability and low price In practice, metal tiles turn into the fact that the installation of this roofing material requires the obligatory performance of insulation work associated with additional costs. However, high-quality sound insulation and insulation of the structure will easily solve the problem of high thermal conductivity and resonant ability of the coating.
Causes of noise
Even competently, without additional sound insulation, it has a high resonant capacity, which amplifies the noise during rain, due to the small thickness of the sheets and the properties of the metal. Loud sound causes discomfort, especially if the roof space is used as a residential attic. This flaw is reinforced by the following flaws in the design:
- Curve crate. If the crate is made of material of different thicknesses or the step between the bars is “floating”, the metal tile sheets located above wide areas sag, which gives a resonating effect, creating a lot of noise with every gust of wind.
- Lack of fasteners. To fix the sheets of metal tiles to the crate, special roofing screws with a neoprene sealant are used, and for each square meter coating uses at least 7-10 fasteners. If there are fewer attachment points, the resonating effect that occurs when drops fall on the slope is enhanced.
- Installation without taking into account the thermal expansion of the material. If, during installation, the self-tapping screws are screwed all the way, sinking the hat, the sheets can be deformed due to thermal expansion, creating a loud rumble and crackle.
Material selection
The construction market offers a large assortment materials for soundproofing roofs made of metal tiles, different in composition, efficiency and cost. The most popular are polymer products with a long service life. To choose the right soundproofing material, the following factors must be considered:
- Sound absorption index. This index is the main performance indicator of a material, reflecting the amount of sound energy that can be absorbed by it. The higher the sound absorption index value, the better. The lower limit of applicability of a sound insulator for roofs with high resonant power is 0.5. Therefore, foam, the sound absorption index of which is 0.3, is not recommended. Noise insulation of metal roofing is performed using glass wool, the same indicator of which is 0.6, mineral wool with an index of 0.7. The most effective basalt fiber, its sound absorption index is 0.9.
- Dynamic modulus of elasticity. This indicator demonstrates the relationship between the density of the sound insulator and the speed of propagation of sound waves in it. The lower it is, the more effective the material for soundproofing. The dynamic modulus of elasticity of foam plastic is 0.6-1.35, mineral wool - 0.3-.35, basalt fiber - up to 0.05.
Important! Most efficient materials, with the help of which the soundproofing of the roof of a house made of metal tiles is performed, glass wool, mineral wool and basalt fiber are considered. At the same time, basalt fiber will cost the developer several times more.
Noise isolation technology
Soundproofing measures for roofing with metal tiles will be more effective if planned at the project stage and carried out during the main roofing works. If necessary, you can soundproof the already finished roof by laying insulating material from the side of the attic. Work is performed in the following order:
- After assembling the rafter frame, a waterproofing material (film, membrane or ordinary roofing material) is laid on the rafters.
- A rack frame is nailed over the waterproofing. In this case, each rail must be treated with mounting foam or silicone adhesive on the underside to prevent damage waterproofing film and the emergence of "sonic bridges".
- Soundproofing material is laid on the frame, in no case crushing or ramming it. A layer of insulation (polystyrene, foam plastic) is laid on top of the sound insulator, fixing it on the rafters.
- Then, along the rafter legs, a counter-lattice and a crate are attached, on which the finishing roofing is laid.
Please note that the soundproofing material does not eliminate the vibrations that are transmitted from the metal tile to the wall cladding. To eliminate them, it is necessary to use a special sealant when assembling the crate.
Video instruction
One of the vulnerable parts of the house is the roof, because it is constantly exposed to atmospheric phenomena: precipitation, strong winds, temperature changes. Therefore, the sound insulation of the roof of the house must be made very high quality. For this, it is necessary to prepare necessary tools and materials, as well as correctly perform soundproofing technology.
Necessary materials
To carry out the work you will need the following materials:
- Waterproofing.
- Wooden slats for framing.
- Mounting foam.
- adhesive solution.
- Soundproofing material.
- Vapor barrier.
- sticky acrylic tape.
- Plywood or drywall.
The following materials are used as waterproofing: polyethylene foam, penofol. This material is installed to protect the insulation from the outside, and the vapor barrier is used to protect it from the inside.
Adhesive acrylic tape is used to connect the joints between vapor barrier sheets. Sheets of plywood or drywall will be required to complete the final stage - preparing the wall for exterior decoration.
Instruments
Of the materials you need to have:
- Building level.
- Roulette.
- Pencil.
- Construction knife.
- Screwdriver.
- Construction stapler.
A screwdriver is required for the installation of a wooden crate. The construction stapler is convenient for mounting hydro and vapor barrier films on wooden slats.
Choosing the Right Material
For the acquisition of material, they are usually guided by its parameters such as dynamic modulus of elasticity, as well as sound absorption index. The last indicator can be seen on the production packaging of the product. It signals how much the sound deadener can reduce noise. The higher this figure, the more sound insulator absorbs noise.
The second parameter, which also needs to be guided, is the dynamic modulus of elasticity. The lower this figure, the higher the acoustic protection will be.
Looser material hides sounds worse. Therefore, when choosing foam and foam plastic, sound absorption will be low.
Given the friability of the material, then when choosing a sound insulator, it is better to choose glass wool, mineral wool or basalt fiber But last option will cost a little more than fiberglass or mineral wool.
When choosing a material for sound and heat protection, the following recommendations should be followed:
- Purchase goods from a trusted manufacturer.
- The material must be non-combustible and resist moisture well.
- It should be easy to cut with a knife, which will greatly simplify the installation.
- Must be resistant to rodents.
- Differ in a high rate of sound absorption (more than 0.6).
When calculating required amount material, you need to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof and add at least 10% of the margin for trimming. After all, not always cut pieces may be suitable for further use. You should try to make as few joints as possible.
When purchasing a product, you need to pay attention to the packaging. It should be without visible damage. Also, do not save on the product, because the durability of the insulation depends on it. After all, it is better to do it once with high quality than to constantly redo it later.
Soundproofing the roof of a house from a metal tile
The metal tile differs in that it practically does not hold external noise. Raindrops, birds that land on the roof, a small pebble contribute to the creation of a strong noise. Therefore, such roofs need mandatory sound insulation. In addition, the roof insulated from the inside makes the attic room suitable for living.
For soundproofing a roof made of metal tiles, the following technology is performed:
- Waterproofing is being installed.
- The heater is installed.
- Additionally, horizontal rails are installed with a second layer of insulation between them.
- mounted vapor barrier film.
- Plywood is installed.
Before carrying out work on sound and heat protection, it is necessary to fasten the metal tile to the crate.
A poorly fixed metal tile to the frame contributes to the occurrence of rattling, squeaks and various extraneous sounds.
The first step is to check all the fastenings of the metal tile to the crate with self-tapping screws. If necessary, the connections are screwed. Tips on how to choose self-tapping screws can be found.
Waterproofing for metal roof necessary in order to absorb moisture that forms from the outside of the roof. This is especially true in cases where in the warm season with inside the roof is condensed.
When building a roof from a metal tile, a ventilation gap is necessarily made between the main coating and the wooden rafters. Therefore, when soundproofing the roof, this gap cannot be violated.
A hydro-windproof film is mounted on top of the rafters, which does not allow moisture to pass from the outside to the insulation. But at the same time, this material allows you to remove unnecessary moisture from the insulation.
After that, the stage of installation of heat and sound insulation is performed. Sheets of material are pre-measured and inserted between wooden vertical rafters.
If mineral wool is used, then the size of the insulation sheets should be 10 cm larger than the distance between the rafters. This material compresses well and fits tightly between the slats.
If it is necessary to do additional insulation, then the second layer of sound insulation is being laid. For this:
- Horizontal slats are stuffed onto vertical wooden rafters.
- The distance between the slats should be approximately 590 cm if the thickness of the insulation is 600 mm.
- Between the lags, the 2nd layer of insulation is laid.
It is necessary to ensure that the seams between the first and second layer of insulation do not match. This will help to avoid the formation of cold bridges.
After that, a vapor barrier film is installed. It is necessary in order to protect the insulation from the penetration of moisture from the room. This ensures good sealing. The final stage is the installation of plywood sheets, on which further finishing work can be carried out.
Soundproofing the roof of the house from corrugated board
To perform soundproofing of a roof made of corrugated board, you can focus on carrying out technology for a roof made of metal. After all, corrugated board, like metal tiles, is made from cold-rolled steel. But their difference is in the profile drawing, which makes the metal tile somewhat more expensive. Therefore, to carry out work on the insulation of a particular roof, you can be guided by the above technology.
Apart from standard insulation roofs of mineral, glass wool or basalt fiber, you can use a material such as penofol.
This sound insulator is attached with a foil facing down, due to which heat will be reflected from it and returned to the bottom.
Another way is to use a coating bituminous mastic. It helps to reduce the sound of rain. But still, in addition to noise protection, it is better to immediately provide for the thermal insulation of the building.
To perform high-quality sound insulation, it is recommended to follow the advice of professionals:
- Select soundproofing material with a noise absorption index of at least 0.6. Suitable glass wool, mineral wool or basalt fiber.
- When installing a steam and waterproofing film, it must not be overtightened.
- The joints between the film must be glued and sealed, otherwise moisture will enter the insulation through them.
- Installation of a heat insulator between the crate must be carried out without joints. Otherwise, noise and cold will penetrate through such gaps.
- The thickness of the wooden slats between which the sheets are mounted must correspond to the thickness of the insulation.
- If the heat insulator is laid in 1 layer, then it is imperative to fill wooden slats on top, which will prevent the material from shifting.
Such roofing cake allows you to protect not only from noise, but also to provide good thermal protection and prevent the penetration of moisture.
If you do not isolate the material from moisture, then it may deform over time. Moisture-saturated insulation will lose its shape, bend and begin to leak cold air and noise from the street. In addition, such material will be more susceptible to mold. To avoid these problems, it is better to use the right thermal insulation protection.
You can learn how to properly soundproof a roof in this video. Presented step-by-step warming roofing with recommendations and expert advice.
Good noise protection of the roof provides not only isolation from external sounds, but also contributes to the preservation of heat in the house. It will also ensure that a comfortable temperature is maintained in the rooms during the heat. The main thing that should not be forgotten is the observance of technology in compliance with all the rules for protecting the material from moisture.
Among the amazing variety of roofing materials, metal is invariably in high demand. Metal roofs have excellent performance, but a thoughtful consumer sometimes fears that every light rain, not to mention a summer downpour, will cause too much noise? Are there any grounds for such fears and how to minimize the unpleasant consequences of the "talkativeness" of metal roofs - that's what we'll talk about.
TYPES OF METAL FOR ROOFS
For roofing use a fairly wide range of metals.
“Good old” galvanized or polymer-coated steel, the lightest aluminum, noble copper or extravagant titanium-zinc - metals for every taste and budget will equally reliably protect the roof from leaks and give it a solid and modern look.
The choice of metal is dictated to a greater extent by the features of the project and the personal preferences of the owner of the house - flexible ductile metals will help to bring to life arbitrarily complex shape roofs.
For the most intricate exclusive roofs, piece metal elements- For example copper or titanium-zinc diamonds, for expensive solid roofs - rolled metal, the edges of which are folded in a special way (fold) using special folding machines.
A more economical and mass choice - metal tile or profiled sheet, it is this type of coating that is most often meant by "metal roofing".
Despite the fact that metal is a material “by definition” quite sonorous, competent soundproofing measures can make living under a metal roof very comfortable.
Even at the design stage, you can make sure that the angle of inclination of the roof is as large as possible. flat or practically flat roof the rain beats much louder.
Also, don't skimp on fasteners- for example, for laying should use at least eight roofing screws per square meter.
Particular attention should be paid to the installation of the crate - if it is uneven, then in some places the metal sheets will sag and at the first gust of wind they will joyfully slam on it.
Do not forget about temperature deformations - the installation of "pull-in" of incorrectly cut metal will lead to the fact that the roof will "sound" even in fine weather!
AND ALL THE METAL ROOF IS NOISY!
Nevertheless, even with proper installation, the sound insulation of a metal roof is far from ideal. What to do? Obviously, it is impossible to do without creating an additional soundproof layer.
What are the best materials to use?
The effectiveness of sound insulation is reflected by two parameters - the sound absorption coefficient and the modulus of elasticity. They describe two main ways of getting rid of noise - the absorption of sound waves and their reflection.
The sound absorption coefficient indicates the proportion of sound waves successfully absorbed by the soundproofing material. It is evaluated in laboratory tests using sounds of different frequencies from 125 to 4000 Hz - it is this range of sounds that characterizes ordinary household noise.
For soundproofing the roof, you can use materials with a sound absorption coefficient of at least 0.4-0.6. The sound absorption coefficient of wood is 0.07-0.14, slightly higher than that of foamed polystyrene (polystyrene) - 0.13-0.2, but mineral wool delays from 60 to 90% of sound waves, which makes it optimal soundproofing for roofs.
NUANCES OF INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY
How to soundproof the roof during the construction phase?
Insulation (aka sound insulator) is placed between the rafters or counter-lattices, filling all the available space. On the inside, the insulation is protected by a vapor barrier film - it prevents condensation in the thickness of the insulation of moisture rising in the form of steam from warm interior spaces. From the outside it is necessary to cover it with a waterproofing film or membrane. The panels are mounted with an overlap along horizontal and vertical joints of at least 15 cm and fixed on the rafters with a construction stapler.
To ventilate the under-roof space, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap between outer side membranes and roofing for a thickness of at least 4-5 cm.
You should also think about eliminating vibration noise - the rafters are a kind of acoustic bridge that transmits vibrations to the wall cladding. To solve this problem, gaskets made of any elastic material (felt, polyethylene foam) are used to isolate the rafters from the walls.
If sound insulation is required under the metal tile of an existing roof, then in such a case, the layers of mineral wool are laid from the inside, at a distance between the rafter “legs”. At the same time, it is desirable to completely exclude crushing or deformation of the material - the insulation should not be “squeezed out” towards the ventilation gap, much less overlap it. You also need to cut the insulation "with a margin", the extra 7-10 mm of width will allow you to tightly insert thermal insulation board between the rafters. To avoid crushing the plate, it should be pressed in the direction from the middle of the space between the rafters to the rafters themselves. To increase the reliability of the structure, after installing the sound insulation, additional slats can be stuffed onto the rafters to prevent accidental displacement of the insulation.
However, it is worth reconciling with the fact that the sound protection of an existing roof is always less effective than the sound insulation provided and performed at the construction stage.
SOUND PROOFING OF THE LOFT FLOOR
If the attic is “cold” and non-residential, then it is possible (and necessary!) to insulate the attic floor (most often in private houses this wooden floor beam type). Warm air, in accordance with the known laws of physics, rises to the top, and in frosty weather, condensate may fall on the surface of a cold ceiling.
Wet spots not only look ugly, but they can also cause mold growth, rotting of beams and, worst of all, the loss of their structural properties by these beams.
Heat insulating layer on the side warm room you need to protect it with a vapor-proof material, this will not only ensure the stability of heat and sound insulating properties, but also increase the service life of rafters and roofing materials. If the beams have a height insufficient to fix the insulation, then it is possible to fix logs of the required height perpendicular to the beams and lay the missing layer of insulation between them. The width of the log is usually 50 mm, the step between them is 600 mm.
Depending on how much the attic will be visited, either light walking bridges or solid sheathing made of chipboard, DSP or OSB are laid on the logs.
The laying of solid sheathing is worth taking care of if the attic is supposed to be used as a warehouse or workshop. If the option of installing walkways is chosen, then the surface of the insulation should be protected by any vapor-permeable material - so that moisture can freely leave the thickness of the heat-insulating material.
For effective moisture removal, you should think about competent ventilation of the attic space - for this you need dormer windows, eaves, horse-
forged and slotted vents. It is very important that the heat-insulating layer of the attic floor is closed with the insulation layer of the outer walls - otherwise, the formation of "cold bridges" is inevitable.
Insulation and soundproofing of a slab-type attic floor, in fact, is no different from the corresponding procedures for beam ceiling. The only difference is that in this case you can do without creating a vapor barrier layer on the “warm” side, since the plates themselves have minimal vapor permeability.
ATTIC CEILING SOUND PROOFING
Dropped ceilings
For additional sound insulation of the floor from the side of the lower premises, a false ceiling can be built. The principle is the same inner space filled with already known to us soundproof materials. A significant disadvantage of this design is that it is quite big thickness, because usually in attics every centimeter of ceiling height is literally worth its weight in gold!
Also, a serious problem of frame-sheathing linings is the presence of rigid connections between the attic floor and the ceiling frame. Vibration metal sheets on the roof caused by raindrops or strong wind, can be transmitted through a system of such "sound bridges" with virtually no loss, despite the use of highly effective soundproofing materials inside the ceiling.
But there are also “pluses” - you can hide behind a false ceiling ventilation pipes, sensors fire alarm and a variety of cables, as well as organize a spectacular spot lighting system, you just need to take care not to damage the wiring with sharp edges during installation metal profiles.
The problem of rigid connections is also partly solved by using special elastic gaskets and tapes, which are glued at the junction of the metal frame profiles to the supporting structures
There are more complex decisions, for example, the use of special vibration-isolated suspension-mounts, which include a gasket element made of elastic elastomer. As a basis false ceiling you can use ordinary or perforated drywall sheets.
If special acoustic panels are used as part of the ceiling, then it itself is called acoustic. Such ceilings serve not only to soundproof the room from external noise, but to harmonize acoustic properties the room itself - in the children's room there will be no deafening echo from childish pranks, and in the home theater even the light whisper of the heroes of your favorite movie will be clearly audible.
Acoustic ceiling panels are made from compressed fiberglass or stone wool and finished with glass-canvas, fabric or glossy film. It is worth noting that models with a film front coating, ceteris paribus, have worse sound absorption than models with a painted or fabric microporous surface.
The best-known fiberglass acoustic ceilings are Ecophon and Isofon, stone wool ceilings include the Rockfon system, and mineral fiber ceilings include AMF, Armstrong and Owa ceilings. Another type of acoustic ceilings - stretch ceiling with micro-perforated polyester fabric.
Panels for frameless application
If the ceiling height is clearly not enough to install a false ceiling, it may be worth paying attention to frameless soundproofing systems, such as ZIPS panels. They are "sandwiches" 40-120 mm thick, consisting of tongue-and-groove gypsum fiber sheets and layers of soundproofing material.
The sound wave, alternately overcoming the layers, is absorbed, reflected in reverse direction, is absorbed again and, as a result, decays. Due to this, the soundproofing ability of the structure increases significantly.
Panels are also mounted to the protected surface only through vibration-isolated fasteners. The ends of the panels adjoin the side walls and ceiling through elastic gaskets.
NUANCES OF INSTALLATION OF SOUND PROOFING
Warming and soundproofing the roof and floors is not the most difficult procedure, but it also requires some skill.
Thermal insulation boards should be laid tightly and evenly - without excessive compression, but not too loose, there should be no gaps between them. You should also avoid the formation of "cold bridges" - weak points of the structure, where increased heat transfer occurs.
To do this, materials with noticeably different thermal conductivity should not coexist in the composition of the structure, and the heat-insulating layer should be continuous.
When working with materials with non-zero moisture absorption, special attention should be paid to the installation of a vapor barrier layer that protects the insulation from moisture. Otherwise, the accumulated condensate will first catastrophically worsen thermal insulation properties material, and then begin to destroy it.
Note: What are sheet materials
Copper
One of the most prestigious and expensive species roofs. Over time, it becomes covered with a patina that protects copper from corrosion. Such a roof can last up to 300 years.
Steel
Sheet steel is cheaper than copper, but rusts. Previously, galvanized steel was mainly used, today materials with a colored multilayer polymer coating are used. They are weather resistant and last up to 15 years. There are also materials with an aluminum-zinc protective coating (aluzinc or aluzinc).
Aluminum
The roof made of anodized aluminum sheet is lightweight: only 2 kg/sq. m. The coating is much cheaper than copper, but in terms of service life
Aluminum doesn't corrode like steel.
Zinc
Like copper, it becomes covered with a protective layer over time, changing color. Nevertheless, the zinc sheet is less durable than copper (it lasts up to 50 years), so it was replaced by materials from titanium-zinc alloy with the addition of copper - more durable, resistant and ductile. Sometimes they are covered from below with a protective layer of composite varnish.
Zinc
Like copper, it becomes covered with a protective layer over time, changing color. Nevertheless, zinc sheet is less durable than copper sheet (it lasts up to 50 years), so it was replaced by materials from titanium-zinc alloy with the addition of copper - more durable, resistant and ductile. Sometimes they are covered from below with a protective layer of composite varnish.