General characteristics of various types of Tagetes marigolds. Marigolds erect and deviated Tagetes plant

The genus Tagetes, beautiful sunny flowers, has more than 30 species, the most popular of which is Tagetes patula - Tagetes rejected. This amazing discovery of the Mayan and Aztec peoples came to Europe back in the 16th century, along with legends and legends, and it was called sempoalgiuchitl. It was valued for a wide range of healing properties, and magical qualities were attributed to it. That is why the plant was named Tagetes, in honor of the young Etruscan god Tages, a beautiful child with the wisdom of a prophet.

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Tagetes rejected, better known as marigolds, is an annual of the Astrov family. Outwardly, it is a compact shrub with a strongly branched stem, straight from the base with deviated lateral shoots. The leaves of Tagetes are pinnately divided from bright to dark green hues, arranged oppositely on the stem. Flowers solitary or in inflorescences, cup-shaped on long stalks, up to 8 cm in diameter. Tagetes bush rejected no higher than 60 cm.

Conditions of detention

Tagetes rejected is a very convenient plant in terms of maintenance, it is very unpretentious. The plant is drought-resistant - at the beginning of growth, it is required to maintain moist soil, then it is enough to water 1-2 times a week. The increased comfort zone for Tagetes is sunny meadows, but partial shade is also accepted. Do not plant a plant in a densely shaded area and in waterlogged soil, it will not grow there. It reacts very negatively to any kind of frost.

Cultivation and care

There are usually no problems with growing rejected tagetes. The fruit of the plant - a box, ripening, opens, which contributes to abundant self-seeding. In the spring of planting, it is enough to thin out, forming a flower bed. If the tagetes are settled for the first time, then after the end of the frost, the seeds are simply sown in the ground, and then the seedlings are thinned out and planted.

It is very reliable and convenient to plant marigolds with already flowering seedlings.

DIY seedlings

It is advisable to sow the tagetes rejected for seedlings in the first days of April, since, depending on the tagetes variety, it takes 40-50 days from germination to flowering. ground mixture easy to cook. For this, peat, humus and washed sand are taken in a ratio of 2: 1: 0.5, mixed, poured into a container for seedlings and spilled with a dark pink solution of manganese for disinfection.

Steam well-prepared soil - this will destroy weed seeds.

After a slight compaction of the moist soil, shallow grooves are made, the seeds are evenly distributed along them and sprinkled with a layer of soil of at least 1 cm. Gently, without washing away the top layer, the crops are moistened and covered so that the soil remains constantly moist. To do this, the container can be tightened cling film and put in a bright place at a temperature of +15 o ... +20 o C. When temperature regime below +15 ° C, the seeds of the rejected tagetes sprout poorly, above +25 ° C they do not sprout at all.

Seedlings appear after 5-7 days, after which the seedlings should be ventilated. When the seeds sprout completely, the container is no longer covered and watering is done only after the soil has completely dried, preventing water from accumulating in the pan. After the appearance of 2-3 leaves, the plant dives.

A pick is an elementary seating of grown seedlings. The simplest thing is to plant in a seedling box, but it is more convenient to grow Tagetes seedlings in cassettes or separate peat cups. In the soil of the same composition as for planting seeds, add a tablespoon of complex mineral fertilizers, 0.5 cups of wood ash for every 5 kg and mix. Fill the container with this mixture and, having slightly compacted the soil, deepen the roots by 1 cm. Water very carefully.

10-14 days before planting in the ground, seedlings begin to harden, that is, they are accustomed to street temperatures. In the warm time of the day they take it out into the street, gradually increasing the time. Seedlings of tagetes deviated into a flower bed are planted in holes, placing the roots to a depth of 1-2 cm, maintaining a distance between plants of 30 cm. The voids around the roots are carefully filled and compacted, the planted seedlings are watered.

Further care consists in watering as needed, mulching and loosening the soil and removing weeds.

garden design

Marigolds are able to decorate any kind of flower beds:

• With fragrant tobacco, lobularia - look interesting;
• With dahlias, titonias, zinnias - spectacularly;
• Against the background of heliotrope, sage, phlox - sunny.

In addition to the banal planting in the ground in a flower bed, deviated tagetes can also be grown in separate containers that are convenient to move. In this way, the places that are exposed after the flowering of the bulbous are filled.

Bright marigold flowers have an attractive effect on butterflies, forming a harmonious composition of flora and fauna. Often, it is this quality of tagetes that underlies the creation of a butterfly garden.

Peculiar solar spectrum blooming tagetes: from pale yellow to reddish brown, evokes the idea of ​​​​creating yellow flower beds.

Benefits for the garden

Tagetes rejected, in addition to being pleasing to the eye in the garden, can also be used in qualities that are not quite usual for flowers. For example, it disinfects the soil. To do this, in the fall, the plant removed from the flower beds is crushed and, with the help of a cultivator, embedded in the ground, or left in the form of mulch on the beds.

Tagetes is also indispensable in the fight against garden pests. All parts of the plant contain phytoncides that repel pests and inhibit pathogenic fungi that live in the soil. It is enough to plant marigolds next to garden crops:

• For strawberries - from the weevil;
• On cabbage - to scare away whites;
• Next to cucumbers - protect against aphids;
• Near leeks and carrots - from nematodes.

Tagetes do not like fleas, bugs, aphids and even a bear. But sometimes aphids can infect the plant itself.

Tagetes also takes care of flowers. Knowing this feature, you can create useful compositions in the flower beds. A useful tandem will be:

• With asters - protection against physariosis;
• With phlox and clematis - prevention of nematodes;
• With roses and gladioli - protection from aphids.

Important! Far from every type of tagetes is able to cope with the nematode, only the rejected tagetes can do it.

When planting a tagetes rejected next to other plants, it must be remembered that in addition to the unconditional protective benefits, tagetes can inhibit some garden crops. Therefore, marigolds are used for sanitary purposes without fanaticism.

Tagetes - healer

Initially, in the homeland, tagetes gained popularity for a wide range of medicinal properties, as a panacea for almost all diseases. Today, all the healing properties of tagetes have been studied and used everywhere. AT traditional medicine it is known as an anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, decongestant, sedative, and antifungal agent.

Marigold flowers are used for treatment - they prepare teas, infusions, decoctions, as well as other parts of the plant - for the manufacture of oil and tagetes extract:

• Teas - for the treatment of the pancreas, to enhance lactation;
• Decoctions - for inhalation in respiratory diseases, for the treatment of arthrosis, psoriasis, conjunctivitis;
• Infusions - for colds, bronchitis, sinusitis, diabetes;
• Oil - heals wounds, helps to get rid of warts, dry calluses, hematomas, used for burns.

Tagetes is also widely used in medical cosmetology:

• Balms based on tagetes oil relieve skin irritations;
• Lotions - used to care for problem skin;
• Decoctions - strengthen hair.

Tagetes in cooking

Tagetes rejected is also a spicy spice that has found wide application in the kitchen different peoples. A popular spice - Imereti saffron, without which Georgian cuisine dishes are indispensable - these are dried marigold baskets. Due to the content of quartzetagitin in them, the products are given a golden hue, and essential oils give the food a unique flavor. In France, the manufacture of seasonings from tagetes has been put on an industrial level.

These seasonings bring many benefits to mankind:

• Stabilize the digestive tract;
• Cleanse the liver;
• Improve metabolism;
• Strengthen immunity.

Varieties

Tagetes deviated - a bright, sunny flower fits very organically into a city flower bed, a rustic front garden, and a garden mixborder. There are already a great many varieties of rejected marigolds, and breeders of all countries do not stop there, introducing more and more diversity into the assortment of the species.

Gaby Golden Head Bonanza Gold Durango Red

Most popular varieties tagetes rejected:

• Gaby is a compact bush, up to 30 cm high, covered from late June until frost. bright yellow flowers;
• The golden head is a dense compact bush, up to 25 cm tall, with double chrysanthemum-shaped inflorescences, 4 cm in diameter. In the center of the inflorescence are large yellow flowers with a dark red wavy edge;
• Bonanza is a very popular series of several varieties that are excellent in color. The bushes are compact, the flowers are double, up to 6 cm in diameter, early;
• Gold - represented by a series of varieties radically different from each other. Bol is a sprawling bush up to 50 cm with simple semi-double flowers of a reddish-brown hue, Kopchen is compact, 25 cm high with golden-yellow chrysanthemum-shaped inflorescences and a wavy edge;
• Durango Red is an early spring variety with a rare monotonous red color of a crested flower, up to 5 cm in diameter.

Tagetes rejected - the plant is a mystery. With seeming simplicity and unpretentiousness, it has, in fact, magical qualities. All peoples familiar with him, he is held in high esteem. In Mexico, tagetes flowers are still used to decorate the altar on the Day of the Dead, a holiday when relatives are commemorated. The solar flower is associated with eternity. In Vietnam, rejected marigolds are one of the main Christmas decorations, a symbol of long life.

Tagetes

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Tagetes or Marigold(Tagetes) - a genus of annual and perennial plants from the family Asteraceae, or Compositae. The name comes from the name of the grandson of the god Jupiter - Tages ( Tags), famous for its beauty and ability to predict the future. The natural range is America, where they grow wild from New Mexico and Arizona to Argentina.

More than 50 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants are known. The stems are erect, strong, forming compact or sprawling bushes from 20 to 120 cm tall, with a sharp, peculiar smell.

Leaves are pinnately dissected or pinnately divided, rarely entire, serrated, light to dark green, arranged oppositely or in regular order. Inflorescences - baskets, very bright, yellow, orange, reddish-brown, brown or variegated, single or collected in complex inflorescences. Marginal flowers reed, with wide, horizontally spaced corollas; middle - tubular, bisexual. They bloom profusely from June until frost. The fruit is a seed. Seeds remain viable for 3-4 years. They give abundant self-seeding.

In decorative floriculture, usually numerous hybrid varieties of the following species are used. One of the main varietal characteristics of marigolds is the structure of inflorescences. There are clove-flowered and chrysanthemum-shaped; terry, semi-double and simple.

Tagetes rejected, or French marigolds (Tagetes patula L.)

Annual plant. Stems erect, 15-50 cm tall, strongly branched from base, side shoots rejected. The leaves are small, pinnately dissected, with linear-lanceolate lobes, dark green, arranged in a regular or opposite order. Inflorescences - baskets 4-6 cm in diameter, single or in corymbose inflorescences, cup-shaped, various in shape, on long peduncles. The involucre is single-row, of 5-7 fused leaves, pointed at the apex. Reed flowers are yellow, orange, lemon, brownish-brown or dark red, velvety, often two-tone, with a different ratio of these shades; tubular - yellow or orange. In culture since the beginning of the XVI century.

For practical purposes, numerous varieties of this species are divided into groups: high - up to 60 cm or more in height, simple inflorescences; medium - up to 50 cm in height, terry inflorescences; low - 25-40 cm tall with simple or double inflorescences; very low ("Lilliputian") -15-20 cm tall, with simple or double inflorescences. The most common varieties:

"Carmen" ("carmen") —

Bushes spreading, 20-30 cm tall, strongly branched. Shoots are strong, green, with a reddish-brown bloom, ribbed. Leaves are medium sized, green. Terry inflorescences, 4-7 cm in diameter. Reed flowers are arranged in 1-2 rows, reddish-brown, velvety. Tubular flowers are golden yellow. The variety is early. Blooms from early June until frost. Good for cutting.

"Bonanza Bolero" ("Bonanza Bolero") —

Bushes spreading, 25-40 cm tall, densely leafy. Shoots are strong, green, with a reddish bloom. Leaves are medium sized, dark green. Inflorescences are double, 4-7 cm in diameter, yellow with reddish-brown spots, velvety. The variety is early. Blooms from early June until frost. Good for cutting. Recommended for flowerbeds, rabatok, potting and decorating balconies.

"Queen Sofia" ("queen sophia") —

The inflorescences are not very terry, two-tone: red with a bronze-orange border, slightly fade in the sun, acquiring a brown tint, 7 cm in diameter.

"Legion of Honor" ("Legion of Honor") —

The bushes are compact, 20-30 cm tall, almost spherical, strongly branched, densely leafy. Shoots are strong, thick, with dark red ribs. Leaves are medium sized, dark green. Inflorescences are simple, 3-6 cm in diameter, yellow with brown spots at the base. The variety is early. Blooms from early June until frost. Recommended for flowerbeds, flower beds, decorating balconies and vases.

"orangeflamme" ("orange flame") —

Bushes up to 20-30 cm tall, compact, densely leafy. Shoots are strong, green with reddish stripes. The leaves are dark green with small narrow-lanceolate lobes. Inflorescences are chrysanthemum-shaped, double, 3.5-4.5 cm in diameter, consist of broadly funneled bright orange tubular flowers with red strokes and one row of reed, red-brown, velvety flowers bent downwards with yellow spot at the base and yellow border. The variety is early. Blooms from early June until frost.

Tagetes erect, or African marigolds (Tagetes erecta L.)

The plant is an annual, bush is compact or sprawling with a distinct main shoot. The stems are strongly branched, 80-120 cm tall, glabrous, erect, finely ribbed, woody at the base, lateral shoots directed upwards, forming obverse pyramidal bushes. The leaves are pinnatipartite with lanceolate, sharp lobes, serrated along the edge, from light to dark green, arranged in the next order. Inflorescences - large baskets 6-13 cm in diameter, single, simple, semi-double or double, on long peduncles. Blooms from late June - early July. The color of the inflorescences is monophonic, light yellow, yellow, bright yellow, orange or bicolor.

Varieties are distinguished by height: giant - above 90 cm; high - 60-90 cm; medium - 45-60 cm; low - up to 45 cm tall.

"Antigua" ("Antigua") —

only 20 cm tall, but at the same time it forms many inflorescences with a diameter of up to 10 cm of bright yellow or orange color.

"Gold Dollar" ("gold dollar") —

Bushes are compact, 90-120 cm tall. Shoots are strong, ribbed, thick, light green. The leaves are large, dark green. Inflorescences are nail-wild, almost spherical, densely double, 7-8 cm in diameter, red-orange, odorless. Early variety, blooms from early June until frost. Recommended for tall groups and cut flowers.

"Sweet Cream" (Sweet Cream") —

Bushes are compact, 60-75 cm tall. Shoots are strong, ribbed, light green with a reddish bloom. The leaves are large, dark green. Inflorescences are carnation-colored, hemispherical, double, 8-10 cm in diameter, cream or white. Blooms from late June until frost.

Tagetes fine-leaved, or Mexican marigolds (Tagetes tenuifolia Cm.)

Plants annual, low, compact, 20-40 cm tall, densely branched, with straight, bare, strong or fragile light green shoots. The leaves are small, twice pinnately dissected, with narrow, sparsely toothed lobes, light green, with dotted glands, arranged in the next order. Inflorescences are small baskets, 1.5-3 cm in diameter, simple, on short peduncles, collected in turn in corymbose inflorescences. The color of the inflorescences is yellow, yellow-orange, red. The involucre is single-row, of five fused leaves, sharp at the top. Blooms very profusely. In culture since 1795. Over 70 complex hybrid varieties. Used for borders, flower beds, rabatok, arrays, vases.

Marigolds are unpretentious, fast-growing, light and heat-loving, drought-resistant plants. Optimum temperature for the growth of young plants 18-20 ° C. At temperatures below 10 ° C, the leaves acquire an anthocyanin coating and growth stops. At -1...-2 °C plants die.

Location: do not need intense sunlight, although maximum decorative effect is reached on sunny places. This is especially true for thin-leaved marigolds. Poorly tolerate spring and autumn frosts.

The soil: require nutritious, well-moistened soils in the first half of summer.

Care: are considered drought-resistant, but at the beginning of growth they need watering, otherwise the plants will be frail, and the inflorescences will be small. Marigolds, especially erect marigolds, are negatively related to excess moisture in the soil. AT rainy weather their large inflorescences begin to rot. And if the soil is oversaturated with water, the plants begin to die from fungal root diseases. Spring fertilization entails strong growth and delayed flowering.

Diseases and pests: inflorescences during prolonged rains often rot. In dry, hot conditions, marigolds are affected by spider mites. To rid plants of it, you must first of all increase the humidity of the air by spraying the seedlings several times a day with water. For complete destruction, 2-3 times spraying with infusions of onions, hot red pepper, yarrow is used.

reproduction: seeds. AT open ground marigolds can be sown in late May - early June. Seedlings appear 5-10 days after sowing. It is desirable to cover the soil with non-woven material (acrylic, lutrasil). In this case, you can sow a week and a half earlier than usual and thereby accelerate flowering.

When growing seedlings earlier than others, in mid-March, upright marigolds are sown. Marigolds rejected and thin-leaved are sown in early April. Subject to these terms, flowering of all three species will begin in June. Marigold seedlings are easy to grow in room conditions on a bright window, and even better in film greenhouses, where the plants will be the strongest. To make the seedlings healthy, you need loose, nutritious soil (1 part of humus + 1 part of peat + 1 part of sod land + 0.5 parts of sand), an even temperature of 18-22 ° C and moderate watering. Marigolds rejected are less demanding on soil and temperature. Although marigold seedlings are considered unpretentious, it is better to take fresh soil for sowing, especially for narrow-leaved marigolds, which are more affected by the blackleg than other species.

Seedlings can be grown in a box, bowl or pot. At the bottom it is necessary to pour drainage (crushed stone, expanded clay, coarse sand) with a layer of 3 cm or make holes. Otherwise, plants may die from fungal diseases. First, 2/3 of the soil is poured onto the drainage, and this layer is compacted by hand or with a rammer. The next layer should be loose so that the germinating roots have enough air. The soil should not reach the edge of the container by 1-2 cm. The prepared soil is shed well and left for one or two days in a warm place so that it "breathes".

Marigold seeds are large, so they can be carefully spread out in the grooves at a distance of 1-1.5 cm. The distance between the grooves themselves is 1.5-2 cm. Thickened seedlings suffer more from a lack of light and stretch. They may even develop blackleg.

The easiest way to get optimal density is by sowing germinated seeds. For germination, they need to be spread out on a damp cloth on a saucer and, putting in plastic bag put in a warm place. After 2-3 days, the seeds will hatch. The decomposed seeds are covered with a layer of earth of 0.5-1 cm. Weakly covered seeds can die from drying out. If the seeds are planted too deep into the soil, they may not sprout at all, especially in narrow-leaved marigolds. After sowing, the top layer of the earth is carefully watered, then covered with paper. The containers are placed in a warm place (22-25 ° C) and the soil moisture is carefully monitored. After 3-7 days, seedlings will appear and the containers should be transferred to a bright place at a lower temperature (18-20°C).

If the seedlings are still thickened, it must be dived. Seedlings are carefully removed from well-watered soil and planted in a hole, buried to the cotyledons. This will encourage the formation of new roots. Good seedlings by the time of planting have 2-3 pairs of leaves and a powerful root system. Seedlings are planted in the ground in late May - early June. Plants are planted in the soil deeper by 1-2 cm than they grew before. The distance between plants depends on the species and variety. High hybrids and varieties of upright marigolds are planted according to the scheme 40 x 40 cm, medium varieties and hybrids F1 30 x 30 cm and low varieties and hybrids of all types 20 x 20 cm. Transplantation is easily tolerated at any age, even in flowering state.

Usage: secretions from the roots of marigolds reduce the damage of other plants by fungal diseases and especially Fusarium, protect against certain types of nematodes. Marigolds erect can be grown for cutting. They stay in water for about three weeks. Marigolds are used in all types of flower beds. They are not suitable only for a pond and a shady garden. They tolerate marigolds and harsh conditions of a small volume of soil. Therefore, they grow well in pots on the windows, they decorate the premises, as well as primroses or cineraria. Marigolds can be planted in a pot or box in the fall before frost. There are cases that they survive in the winter, and in the spring they form a large flowering bush (this only applies to rejected marigolds).

About the days of the most common flowers among flyers are marigolds (photo). This is explained not only by their amazing unpretentiousness, rapid growth, but also by high decorativeness, a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors. Blooming at the beginning of the season, they late autumn decorate the streets and squares, because the flowers are very resistant to the urban environment and perfectly tolerate air pollution. Marigolds are popular with summer residents, it is enough to water them on a day off and you don’t have to worry - in a week, even in the hottest dry weather, you will be greeted by the same fresh flowers. And everyone can grow marigolds. The sown seed will sprout soon, in almost any conditions, and at the same time reward with a long, abundant flowering. Yes, and there are considerable benefits from marigolds - they will protect neighboring plants from diseases and pests, help improve the soil, serve as a seasoning or natural dye in cooking, and help cure ailments.

Not only the practical side makes people in love with these flowers again and again plant them in flowerbeds and flower beds, on balconies and rockeries, make bouquets of them and floral arrangements. Unpretentious sun-colored flowers with pinnately dissected leaves every year more and more effectively declare themselves and compete with the best masterpieces of world flower selection. And it all began many centuries ago on the American continent long before the appearance of Europeans there.

History and traditions

Left photo: Thin-leaved marigolds (Tagetes tenuifolia)
Right photo: Upright marigolds (Tagetes erecta)

The first connoisseurs of marigolds were the indigenous inhabitants of modern Mexico - the Aztecs. They called them tempoalxuchitl and sowed their gardens with them, admiring the beautiful flowers. After they were treated with fever, exhaustion, kidney diseases, and in their ritual ceremonies they certainly used the same marigolds. The ancient Indians were convinced that Tagetes grow where the gold is hidden. Until now, Mexico has preserved a respectful attitude towards marigolds. Flowers are used to decorate the altar on the annual Day of the Dead holiday, when it is customary to remember all deceased relatives and friends. The flowers are called Flor de Muerto (flowers of the dead) and are planted on the graves of the dead for the holiday.

Photo: Rejected marigolds (Tagetes patula) in a curb planting

With the advent of Europeans to the American continent, marigolds spread throughout the world and took root in many climatic zones, where now you can find not only cultivated, but also wild Tagetes. In India and Thailand, marigolds are used to decorate weddings and festivals. Marigolds are widely used in the Hindu religion. For example, in Nepal, during the Deepavali festival, which symbolizes the victory of good over evil, doorways and windows of houses, offices, shopping malls are decorated with marigold garlands, marigolds are injected into the hair and even dress up animals with them. In Vietnam, marigolds are one of the main New Year's decorations and mean long life. A tattoo depicting marigolds, symbolizing longevity, is used by secret criminal communities in China. In Ukraine, marigolds are considered one of the national symbols. Under the name Chernobrivtsy (chornobryvtsi) they are often mentioned in Ukrainian songs, poems and fairy tales.

We advise you to read: Useful properties of marigolds »

Description

The Latin name for marigolds Tagetes is given to the plant in honor of Tages (Tages) - the beautiful grandson of the god Jupiter, who also has the gift of foresight. The genus Tagetes of the Asteraceae family includes about 59 species and many hybrids.

Tagetes, or marigolds, are annual or perennial herbaceous plants with straight stems from 10 cm to 2 meters high. They form an upright shrub with a fibrous root. Pinnately dissected light or dark green leaves of well-groomed marigolds are beautiful in themselves. Serrated along the edge and arranged alternately or oppositely, they are very decorative, which is why marigolds are beautiful even without blooming inflorescences.

Golden, orange, yellow, red, burgundy, bicolor, white and even greenish flowers of marigolds are nothing more than complex inflorescences of a “basket” with a central disc in the middle, consisting of tubular bisexual flowers. Along the edges of such a core are marginal reed flowers. At different varieties they can be wavy, bent, narrow and wide, and even carved, arranged in one, two, or more rows. The diameter of inflorescences in different species is on average 4-6 cm. Marigold inflorescences, as a rule, are single, located at the ends of the stems. The bright color of tagetes attracts butterflies, which is why flowers are often used to create butterfly garden , where you can admire two beautiful creations of nature at the same time: flowers and butterflies.

Photo: Marigolds rejected (Tagetes patula)

Flowering of marigolds occurs in spring and continues until frost. Faded marigolds form black or black-brown flattened numerous seeds, can reproduce by self-sowing, with proper storage seeds remain viable for up to 4 years. It is not difficult to propagate marigolds, however, hybrids are not very suitable for this, they can change their properties.

Tagetes, especially during the flowering period, have a peculiar smell; it is different for different species and varieties. Perhaps it is the pungent smell of some of them that explains a certain number of people who do not accept these flowers. But often this rejection is eventually replaced by a completely opposite feeling. Then in winter comes acute nostalgia for the aroma of marigolds, when you want to inhale it again and again. And no wonder. After all, many types of marigolds are used as spicy-aromatic plants in cooking.

Types and varieties of marigolds

In Europe, marigolds appeared only in the 17th century and immediately became popular with flower growers for their decorative effect and unpretentiousness. Since then, many hybrid varieties of marigolds have been created for decorative use, as a rule, these are annual crops. Many modern garden hybrids are devoid of the pronounced smell of marigolds, which attracts even more fans to them. Marigolds differ not only in size and color, but also in the structure of inflorescences. On this basis, varietal marigolds are divided into

- clove-flowered (inflorescences consist mainly of reed flowers dissected along the edge),
- chrysanthemum-shaped (inflorescences consist mainly of large tubular flowers),
- anemone-shaped (marginal reed flowers form 1-3 rows, large tubular flowers in the center),
- double (numerous rows of reed flowers or multiple large tubular flowers),
- semi-double (reed flowers are arranged in 2-4 rows),
- simple (reed marginal flowers are arranged in one row).

Also, garden marigolds are divided by height into
- giant (over 90 cm),
- high (above 50-60 cm),
- medium (up to 50 cm),
- low (up to 40 cm),
- very low | dwarf (up to 20 cm).

In garden culture, hybrids of three types of tagetes are more common: erect marigolds (African), rejected marigolds (French) and fine-leaved marigolds (Mexican). Despite the "speaking" definitions (French, African), America remains the birthplace of all marigolds. Certain types of marigolds, such as Tagetes lucida and Tagetes minuta, are grown for completely different purposes. These plants are used in cooking, folk medicine, perfumery and alcoholic beverage industry.

Photo: Thin-leaved marigolds (Tagetes tenuifolia) in a hanging container

Types of marigolds

Marigolds are erect, they are also African Marigolds (Tagetes erecta). Plants of this species have an upright bush, large single spherical terry inflorescences of a single color with a diameter of up to 13 cm. Strong stems reach a height of 110-120 cm, lateral ones are directed upwards, the stems are woody at the base. Marigolds erect are used in flower beds, group landings, in containers and cut. Basically, with the exception of the best modern hybrids, they do not tolerate prolonged rainy weather: the inflorescences lose their decorative effect, the roots rot.

Marigolds rejected, they are also small-colored marigolds (Tagetes patula), they are also French marigolds. The height of these marigolds is 30-50 cm, they bloom from July to October with small flowers-inflorescences 3-6 cm in diameter. The bushes are branched, side shoots are rejected. Often the flowers have a pronounced disk in the center, they can be bicolor. In flower beds, they are often planted in the foreground as a border, they are also grown in balcony boxes and flowerpots. French marigolds are more cold-resistant and are the most unpretentious, as they grow on almost any soil.

Photo: Marigolds rejected (Tagetes patula) in the city flower garden

Thin-leaved marigolds (Tagetes tenuifolia, Tagetes microglossa, Tagetes signata), they are Mexican marigolds. In culture since 1795. Plants have a compact densely branched bush 20-40 cm high. The leaves are small, light green, narrow, twice pinnately dissected. Numerous simple daisy-like flowers present in basket-shaped inflorescences 1.5-3 cm in diameter. Good for containers, borders and various flower beds. Used in cooking as a condiment. Particularly demanding on heat and light.

Afro-French marigolds. These are interspecific hybrids that have larger inflorescences than those of French marigolds (diameter 8 cm), but more compact (height up to 45 cm) and bloom more abundantly than African marigolds.

Marigold clear (bright, radiant), Mexican tarragon (Tagetes lucida),also known as Spanish Tarragon, Sweet Marigold. The species is represented by perennial plants 45-75 cm high, which are used in cooking as a spicy aromatic herb. The aroma of these marigolds resembles anise or tarragon and is felt from a distance. Marigolds are used in dry and fresh form to flavor soups, sauces, confectionery, salads. The well-known variety "Anise marigolds" (Tagetes anisata) is grown in annual culture, including flower beds.

Fine marigolds (small) (Tagetes minuta)- annual tall plant(60-210 cm) with small flowers. In Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia, Georgia, it is used in cooking as a spice for cooking or making sauces.

Photo: Thin-leaved marigolds (Tagetes tenuifolia) in a balcony box

Some varieties and hybrids of garden marigolds

African marigolds F1 Antigua (Tagetes erecta F1 Antigua). A very compact hybrid with large flowers for a tight fit. The diameter of the inflorescences is 8 cm, the height of the bush is 25-30 cm, the width of the bush is 25-30 cm. From sowing to flowering 2.5-3 months. Blooms in spring and autumn. There are 4 colors in the series: light lemon (Primrose), yellow (Yellow), gold (Gold), orange (Orange).

Marigolds erect African Lunasi (Tagetes erecta Lunacy). Super-dwarf tagetes (height 15-20 cm) with a chrysanthemum-shaped form of orange inflorescences, bush width 17-25 cm. From sowing to flowering 2.5-3 months. Flowering time spring-summer.

Marigold erect African F1 Moonsong (Tagetes erecta F1 Moonsong Deep Orange). This marigold hybrid is an Association of American Breeders winner. It has rich orange flowers of a unique shape, which retain their decorative effect for a long time. The super-dense blooms practically "push out" raindrops. Stems 30-40 cm high, strong, branch well, bush width 25-35 cm. From sowing to flowering 2.5-3 months.

Marigold F1 Aztec Lime Green. The double flowers of this series have a unique lime green color. Their diameter is 10-12 cm. Plants are compact, 45 cm high, branched, powerful stems. Flowering from July to September.

Marigold F1 Vanilla. Bush height 45 cm, width 30 cm. Large flowers with a diameter of 7 cm, vanilla yellow. The hybrid is suitable for any flower beds and pots. Flowers are good for cutting.

Marigolds erect Amber (Tagetes erecta). Plants are compact and highly branched, even in height (40 cm) and habit. Flowers are dense. Flowering is early and long. To weather conditions sustainable. They tolerate transplant well. Can be grown in pots and flower beds.

Photo: Marigolds in the flower garden

Taishan marigolds orange F1, yellow F1, golden F1. With a bush height of 30 cm, the diameter of the inflorescences is 9 cm. The flowers are pleasantly fragrant, retain their decorative effect for three weeks. Flowering occurs from the beginning of June. Marigolds perfectly fill the space between plants in flower beds.

Carnation marigolds F1 Orange mood. The height of the bush is 45 cm. Clove-shaped inflorescences with a diameter of 8 cm are located on a long peduncle. Flowers are suitable for cutting.

Marigold Durango F1. There are several colors in the series of anemone hybrid marigolds: Durango Bee - dark red in the center with a yellow edge; Durango Bolero - golden with dark red strokes around the edge; Durango Tangerine - orange like tangerines; Durango yellow; Durango golden; Durangos are red. Plants are very compact, highly branched, no more than 30 cm high. There are a lot of bright colors with a diameter of 5.5 cm. Flowering is very early and long. Flowers tolerate transplanting well even in blooming state. Suitable for flower beds and container growing.

Mexican marigolds Golden jewel. The height of these marigolds is 25 cm, the bushes are thick with thin leaves. Throughout the summer covered with beautiful simple flowers of golden color. Suitable for pot growing, as well as in the flower beds.

Mexican marigolds Red gem. Very graceful spherical shrub 30 cm high with thin stems and pinnately dissected leaves. simple flowers 2 cm in diameter, dark red with a yellow core densely cover the plant.

Marigolds rejected French GABI. Compact bushes 20-30 cm high from the end of June until frost are completely covered with simple bright yellow flowers. The plants are lushly branching, the leaves are medium-sized pinnately dissected.

Marigolds rejected French terry Golden head. Dense compact bush 25 cm high. Chrysanthemum-shaped inflorescences 4 cm in diameter. Large tubular yellow flowers in the center of the inflorescence. Along the edge of the cuff from one row of dark red reed flowers bent downwards with a wavy edge.

Marigolds rejected French Bonanz a. A very popular marigold series is presented in several colors. The color of the inflorescences can be yellow, golden, yellow-red, golden-red, orange-red and red-orange. Bushes are compact, 25-30 cm high. Terry flowers, 6 cm in diameter. Flowering is early and long.

Photo: Flowerbed with marigolds

Growing conditions

Marigolds are unpretentious annual plants. However, in order for their inflorescences to be large and bright, the bushes to be lush, flowering for abundant and long-lasting marigolds should be created certain conditions cultivation.

Light. The ancestors of modern marigolds lived in sunny, hot Mexico. Therefore, even for resistant hybrids and varieties of tagetes, it is better to allocate a sunny open or slightly semi-shady place, in the light the flowering of tagetes will be more spectacular.

Temperature. The origin also explains the thermophilicity of Tagetes. Marigolds do not tolerate sub-zero temperatures at all - they die, and at temperatures from 0 to +10 ° C they stop growing and change the color of the leaves. The most favorable temperature for flowers is + 19-23 ° C - the bushes grow well and tie buds, and the flowers do not fade for a long time.

The soil. Marigolds are fast growing and hardy garden flowers and can grow in almost any soil. But the best decorative effect is achieved when grown on loose, drained and nutritious soils. Tagetes do not like acidic, as well as heavy and moist soils with stagnant water, their roots rot.

Watering. This heat-loving plant easily tolerates drought, so it is watered moderately and rarely. Young plants are watered more often, which contributes to the formation of a lush bush and numerous large buds.

Top dressing. Although marigolds love nutritious soil, making nitrogen fertilizers, especially in the spring, it is undesirable. This causes vigorous growth but delays flowering. Marigolds feed complex fertilizers 1-2 times a month, when grown in containers - once every 10-14 days.

Care. In addition to the usual care measures, one should recall the weeding of flower beds, as well as the removal of faded buds - this prolongs the flowering of tagetes. If you need to harvest your own seeds, a few of the best inflorescences are left until the seeds are fully ripe, which are harvested in dry weather. Tall varieties marigolds should be tied to a support so that they are not broken by the wind. In spring and autumn, marigolds should be covered during short-term frosts with spunbond or other covering material. Good marigold bushes with unfaded buds in autumn can be transplanted into a pot or boxes, brought into the room and grown for some time on the windowsill.

Diseases and pests. In general, marigolds are resistant to diseases and all kinds of pests. The roots of African marigolds can be affected by fungal diseases in rainy weather, and the inflorescences rot. With waterlogging, crowding or poor soil, the seedlings are affected by the black leg. In this case, plants and soil are treated with phytosporin or other antifungal drug, seedlings are given optimal conditions cultivation. Seedlings in dry climates may be affected by spider mites. In this case, it is required to increase the humidity of the air by spraying with water from a spray bottle and carry out 2-3 times treatment with infusion of red hot pepper, onion or yarrow. Young plants can also be affected by slugs.

Photo: composition in landscape design with marigolds

Reproduction. Marigolds are propagated by seeds: direct sowing in open ground and through seedlings.
Reproduction by direct sowing in the ground

Seeds are sown in open ground on breeding beds after the threat of frost in grooves to a depth of 0.5 cm (sowing seeds immediately in a permanent place is possible). From above, the seeds are lightly sprinkled with a loose substrate and watered. For faster germination, crops are covered with spunbond. Seeds germinate at a temperature of +20 °C. Shoots appear within 7-14 days. You can speed up the germination of seeds by soaking them in a damp cloth first. In the phase of 2-3 leaves, the seedlings are seated, deepening to the cotyledons. Well-formed bushes can be planted in a permanent place, even in the bud phase or flowering, deepening 2 cm below the previous level. When transplanted with a clod of earth, marigolds do not suffer at all.

Reproduction through seedlings

The timing of sowing marigolds is calculated based on the planned time of their flowering, taking into account the time that needs to pass from sowing to the formation of buds. This is indicated on the packaging of seeds. On average, it takes marigolds 2 months. Therefore, having sown flowers at the end of April, flowering should be expected at the end of June.
Marigold seeds are sown in separate cups or containers at a distance of 1-2 cm from each other. For planting, a pre-moistened and compacted soil mixture for flowers or seedlings is used, or they are made up independently from soddy, leafy soil, peat and humus with the obligatory addition of sand. Seeds are lightly sprinkled with loose soil, moistened from a spray bottle, covered with polyethylene. Crops are kept in a bright and warm place, aired. Moisturize if necessary. After the emergence of shoots, the film is removed, kept at a temperature of +20 ° C. In the phase of 2-3 true leaves, marigolds are seated in separate cups, deepening them to the cotyledons. In the process of growing, seedlings, if necessary, are transplanted into larger pots. When filling containers for planting with soil mixture, drainage should be placed at the bottom, in pots, cups, bowls, pre-make holes for water to drain. Tagetes are planted in a permanent place in late May-early June at a distance recommended for this variety, usually 20 cm for low-growing varieties, 40 cm for tall ones.

Photo: Marigolds in the flower garden

Properly selected varieties of marigolds will be appropriate in any flower garden. Tagetes also feel good in the limited space of balcony boxes and pots, and marigold bouquets do not fade for a long time. This does not end with the possible use of marigolds. In addition to decorative qualities, tagetes has useful and medicinal properties, used in cooking.

Annual and perennial herbaceous plants of the Astrov family came to Europe from South America. Marigolds or tagetes (lat. Tagetes) are common plants, in nature there are more than 30 species of them. Strong stems form compact or branched bushes. Flowering is long, ending with the first frost. In September, the fruit ripens - a flattened achene. In 1 g - 250-750 seeds, which will sprout in 3-4 years. Marigolds rejected - the most common type. It ranks first in popularity among gardeners.

Tagetes rejected: description of the species

Marigolds rejected (Tagetes Patula) or French are cultivated all over the world. An annual plant growing up to 15-60 cm is used in ornamental gardening, cooking, cosmetics, and medicine. The plant has erect branched stems. Marigolds rejected, what does it mean? The flower owes its name to the rejected side shoots. The leaves are green, pinnately dissected. The edges of the plate are serrated. There is an alternate and opposite arrangement.

Marigolds rejected

On the bushes of tagetes, basket inflorescences with a diameter of 4-6 cm appear in large numbers. Flowers are formed from tubular and reed petals. Depending on their number, inflorescences are divided into three types:

• simple - consist only of reed petals;
• semi-double - both types of petals are present in equal numbers;
• terry - tubular petals predominate.

Reed flowers are orange, red, lemon, white, red-brown or two-tone. The range of tubular is limited to yellow and orange. Marigolds are distinguished by a long flowering period, it captures all the summer months and the beginning of autumn until the first frost. The photo shows that growing, the bushes of marigolds deviated form a colorful border along the path.

Popular varieties of rejected marigolds

Many varieties of French marigolds have been bred. All diversity can be divided into three main groups:

• tall - 50-60 cm;
• medium height up to 50 cm;
• undersized - 25-30 cm;
• dwarf - 15-20 cm.

The most common varieties include:

• "Eye of the Tiger" - compact ornamental variety with a pungent aroma. Gustomahrovye inflorescences consist of orange tubular flowers and burgundy reed petals of the lower row. Used for all types of flower beds and garden boxes.
  Tiger's Eye
• "Queen Sofia" - an annual up to 30-40 cm high, semi-double inflorescences, two-color. The main color of the petals is red, along the edge there is a golden-orange border. In the sun, the color fades and changes to bronze. The flowers are large, 6-7 cm in diameter. The stem is thick, strongly branched, the leaves are bright green.
  Queen Sofia
• "Golden head" or "Gold Kopchen" - a short culture of 20-25 cm, a reddish coating is noticeable on strong green shoots. Inflorescences are chrysanthemum-shaped, tubular flowers of golden yellow color. Dark red reed petals are located below in one row. They are slightly wavy, bent down. Early variety, blooms in early June.
  golden head
• "Carmen" - rejected terry marigolds, bush height up to 30 cm. Spreading shoots, green, ribbed. The leaves are pinnately dissected, green, with a serrated edge. The diameter of the inflorescences is up to 6 cm. The reed flowers are reddish-brown, arranged in two rows. The middle is made up of tubular yellow petals. Grown in containers, flowerpots, flower beds.
  Carmen
• "Bonanza Bolero" is an annual plant 30 cm high and with a flower diameter of up to 7 cm. An unpretentious plant forms a compact bush. It has a peculiar spicy smell containing phytoncides. The inflorescences are large terry with a spectacular color - red strokes on a gold base. A versatile variety suitable for flowerbeds, rabatok, growing on a terrace or balcony. Bonanza Bolero
• "Playful Marietta" - thanks to the unusual bright color, the variety won the love of gardeners. Plant height 40 cm, flowers are flat, not double, consist only of reed petals. The color is two-tone - a yellow base and a red spot in the middle of the petal. Blooms profusely from July to September.
  Naughty Marietta

Comparison of erect and deviated marigolds

Each type of tagetes has its own characteristics, what is the difference between upright and rejected marigolds? Both species are popular among gardeners due to their beauty and unpretentiousness. One of the main differences is the structure of the stem. In upright, it is not divided, woody at the base. One grows on a stem large flower. Representatives of the species are giants among their family. Their height reaches 120 cm, and the diameter of the flowers is 15 cm. The rejected tagetes cannot boast of such parameters, but it is ahead in terms of color variety. Upright varieties are mostly monophonic, two-color specimens are extremely rare.

Inflorescences of rejected varieties can be of any kind, among them it is easy to pick up a plant for lovers of simple flowers resembling chamomile. There are hybrids that are not inferior in pomp to chrysanthemums. In upright marigolds, all inflorescences are terry. Ball-shaped flowers on tall stems look great in the cut. From two types of tagetes, you can create a stunning multi-tiered flower bed.

Caring for French marigolds

Rejected marigolds are hardy plants that require minimal care. In order for the bushes to have dense foliage and lush long flowering, they will need watering, top dressing and weeding.

Place to land

Plants need loose fertile soil with neutral pH. To improve its structure allows the introduction of peat and sand. The addition of mineral fertilizers enriches the soil with essential trace elements. The landing site depends on the height of the bush. French Tagetes includes medium and undersized varieties. It is planted in the center of flower beds, along borders, in garden boxes, large pots.

Marigolds come from warm, sunny countries, so they can't stand the cold and love good lighting. The best place for them - a sunny area, although in a small shade they develop well. With insufficient lighting, flowering is delayed, the inflorescences become smaller in diameter.

Advice. If you feed tagetes before flowering mineral fertilizer, then the inflorescences will be larger and brightly colored.

Watering

Young seedlings need regular watering; a sufficient amount of moisture is needed to gain green mass and lay large buds. Since July, watering is reduced, plants tolerate drought better than excessive moisture.

Attention. In the absence of drainage, heavy rains and stagnant water can cause fungal diseases root system.

Growing rejected tagetes

Planting rejected marigolds is performed in two ways:

• sowing in open ground;
• growing seedlings with subsequent transplantation.

Both methods allow you to decorate your site with bright colors, but in the first case, they will have to wait until mid-summer.

Attention. The optimum temperature for young seedlings is 20-22°. At 10 ° the development of flowers stops, negative temperatures destroy the tagetes.

Landing in open ground

Marigolds rejected terry varieties can be planted in open ground no earlier than May. By this time, frosts dangerous for sprouts are leaving. Seeds are evenly laid out along grooves up to 5 cm deep, watered abundantly. Shoots will appear in 7-10 days.

Information. For the first planting, the material is bought in a specialized store. Then you can collect seeds from your flowers.

Reproduction of flowers by seeds

Tagetes seedlings are grown in March or April. French marigolds bloom early, 40 days after sprouts appear. The substrate for seedlings consists of several components:

• peat;
• humus;
• sand;
• turf.

It turns out loose and light soil in which seeds germinate quickly. The container must have drainage holes excess water. At the bottom of the tank, a drainage layer of fine gravel or expanded clay is necessarily poured. For disinfection, the soil is spilled with a solution of fungicide or potassium permanganate. At a distance of 2 cm from each other, several grooves are made up to 1.5 cm deep. The seed material is distributed along the groove and covered with soil. Watering is done carefully so as not to wash out the crops. From above the container is covered with a film.

Advice. Under the seeds of tegetes, it is not necessary to make furrows, it is enough to spread them on the surface and sprinkle with soil.

The optimum temperature for germination is 22-25°. In such conditions shoots are shown in 3-4 days. After 14 days, the seedlings dive. In early June, they are planted in a permanent place. Depending on the height of the plants, a distance of 15-25 cm is left between the seedlings. Watering is required. Periodically loosen the soil, weed weeds. Prolong flowering and maintain decorative look timely removal of wilted inflorescences will help.

Application

Due to the beauty and long flowering of rejected marigolds, they are often chosen for decorative design parks, gardens, terraces and balconies. The unusual smell of flowers helps protect vegetables in the garden from a large number of pests. The roots of the plant secrete a chemical that repels nematodes. Leaves and inflorescences contain an essential oil that has antiseptic and antimicrobial effects.

Marigolds (lat. Tagetes) - a genus of perennial and annual flowering plants, belongs to the Asteraceae family. The Latin name (Tagetes) is given in honor of the hero of Etruscan myths, famous for his beauty. Marigolds are also known among the people under other names: Chernobrivtsy, Imereti saffron, marigolds, etc.

Description

Marigolds have fibrous roots, erect, highly branched stems from 15 to 120 cm high, as a rule, well leafy. Leaves pinnatipartite or pinnately dissected, opposite or alternate. The edges of the leaves are serrated or rarely entire, the color varies from light green to deep dark green.

Marigolds are easily recognizable plants in flowerbeds and flower beds.

Tagetes inflorescence is a basket, in the middle of which are tubular flowers, and along the edge are reed. Depending on their ratio, the basket can be simple or terry, in some species it reaches 12 cm in diameter. The color is varied: from yellowish-white to orange and brown.

Both flowers and leaves of tagetes emit a rather strong and peculiar aroma with a spicy tinge. Abundant flowering of marigolds begins in mid-June and continues until the end of autumn (until the temperature drops below zero). The fruit is a black or black-brown achene. Seed ripening time: August-September. 1 gram can contain up to 700 tagetes seeds.

Due to the peculiarities of the chemical composition, the content essential oils and aromatic substances, tagetes are able to disorient harmful insects, disinfect the soil, repelling soil nematodes and preventing Fusarium disease in other plants.

The structure of marigolds

Range, species and varieties

The homeland of marigolds is the regions of Central and South America. The modern natural habitat covers the southern states of the United States and extends to Argentina. Marigolds were brought to Europe by the discoverers of the New World in the 16th century. Plants rapidly spread throughout North Africa and Asia Minor.

Already in 1795, the work of the famous botanist Andrei Bolotov “To the Marigolds” was published in Russia, where he expressed his admiration for these plants, noted the universal love for them, which speaks of their unprecedented popularity, which lasts more than 200 years.

Marigolds rejected

There are a lot of varieties of marigolds. There are over 50 species, of which the most popular in floriculture:

• B. rejected(T. Patula). Erect, strongly branched stems 15-50 cm high with deviated lateral shoots. Small pinnately dissected leaves, serrated along the edge, dark green in color. Inflorescences on long peduncles, 4-6 cm in diameter. Reed flowers have a wide range of colors inherent in this genus, often bicolor. Tubular flowers are orange or yellow. This species is the most unpretentious and therefore is the most common in culture.
• B. erect(T. Erecta). Erect, strongly branched stems, 80-120 cm high, woody at the base. Side shoots directed upwards form a bush having a reverse pyramidal shape. Cirrus-separate leaves are serrated along the edge. Large double or semi-double inflorescences reach a diameter of 13 cm. Color - various shades of yellow, orange, red-brown. Being large-flowered, erect marigolds are considered the most spectacular species.
• B. thin-leaved(T. Tenuifolia) is a compact densely branched plant, up to 40 cm high. Small, twice pinnately dissected leaves are light green in color. Simple inflorescences up to 3 cm in diameter are planted on short peduncles and in turn form corymbose inflorescences. Color yellow or orange. Differ in abundant flowering. Very elegant and fragrant.

There are hundreds of varieties of Tagetes, many hybrids have been bred. For a more convenient and accurate classification, varieties are combined into groups. In one group there are marigolds, which are characterized by identical height and shape of the inflorescence, as well as simultaneous flowering, while the color of the inflorescences may be different.

Photogallery of species

Cultivation and care

Marigolds are not demanding on the soil, but the best option for them would be neutral fertile loams. The roots of the plant require good access to air, for which the soil is loosened weekly to a depth of about 20 cm. This operation, in particular, stimulates flowering.

Plantings of marigolds grow well in partial shade, but the peak of decorativeness is achieved only in sunny areas. These are drought-resistant plants, but their full vegetation and abundant flowering are possible only with timely watering, which is done 1-2 times daily in hot weather. Moisture stagnation is not allowed, that is, the soil must be sufficiently drained. From the second half of August, watering can be stopped.

Reed flowers predominate in the inflorescences of clove-shaped marigolds

In order for marigolds to bloom as long and abundantly as possible, wilted flowers must be removed in a timely manner. To form a beautiful bush, the plant is pruned, which also stimulates flowering.

Proper care of marigolds involves feeding plants in the summer. Important! Fertilization in the spring leads to an intensive growth of green mass, but delays flowering. Marigolds grown in culture are annuals.

Composition: marigolds and petunias

reproduction

In culture, reproduction of marigolds is carried out by seeds. Tagetes seeds are sown in open ground in May (in the second half). The emergence of seedlings is observed after 7-10 days. You can get flowering marigolds by growing from seeds earlier. For this purpose, they are sown in early May and immediately after sowing are covered with acrylic or lutrasil.

For growing seedlings, the seeds of erect marigolds are sown in mid-March, the seeds of marigolds rejected and thin-leaved - in early April. Plants will need sun, a stable temperature of 18 to 22 ° C, moderate watering. Soil: one part of peat, humus, sod land, sand 0.5 parts. Seedlings are transplanted after sufficient development of the root system and the appearance of 2-3 leaves, usually at the end of May. It is necessary to observe a certain distance between the sprouts. For tall, medium and low plants, these are 40, 30 and 20 cm, respectively.

Tagetes is easy to transplant even during flowering

Pests and diseases

Let's talk about diseases and pests of marigolds.

spider mite - danger arises when high temperature and low air humidity. Prevention: in hot and dry weather, plants are sprayed 2-3 times a day with water.

Blackleg- to prevent the disease, seeds and soil are treated with fungicides before sowing. If the plants are affected, then it is better to destroy them.

root rot - prevention: timely loosening and weeding.

Use in decorative gardening

highly valued in landscape design. bright coloring inflorescences of marigolds, abundant, long flowering, unpretentiousness. Marigolds are widely used as a tapeworm and are planted by monoculture groups to decorate lawns.

In mixed beds, they are spectacular in contrasting combinations with other annuals, for example, with zinnias. Neat bushes with bright openwork foliage keep their shape perfectly and look great in rock gardens, borders, borders, mixborders. Plants calmly tolerate transplantation during the period of active flowering, which allows them to be used to quickly fill empty spaces in landscape compositions.

Beautiful, bright inflorescences of marigolds make parks and gardens elegant in any weather.

Marigolds do well in pots and are popular for balconies, they are beautiful and durable when cut.