How to plant a canna in a pot in spring. Secrets of growing garden canna. tall varieties of canna

Kanna (lat. Canna)- a genus of the monotypic family Cannaceae (lat. Cannaceae) of the ginger color order, numbering more than fifty species of herbaceous plants. In nature, they grow in Central and South America, India and China. They were brought to Europe by Portuguese sailors in the 16th century, but cannes began to be cultivated only in the 17th century. Translated from the Greek "canna" means "reed". Indeed, the canna stem bears a resemblance to this plant. In Latin, “canna” means “pipe”, and an ancient legend tells that canna flowers grew on the site of a fire in which one of the Indian leaders burned a wampum rolled into a tube with a peace treaty, thereby provoking bloody war, and the bright red petals of the canna looked like the tongues of that fire or the blood shed in that war. For flower growers, the value of canna is not only in beautiful flowering, but also in large decorative leaves dark green, dark purple, red-bronze and even purple hues.

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Planting and caring for cannas (in a nutshell)

• Landing: seeds in February for seedlings, in the second decade of May - planting of tubers germinated from the beginning of March.
• Bloom: from July to frost.
• Lighting: bright sunlight.
• The soil: fertile, rich in organic matter, warm and well-drained.
• Watering: regular and moderate, during flowering - plentiful.
• Top dressing: 2-3 times per season with mineral fertilizers.
• Reproduction: seeds and rhizome division.
• Pests: nematodes, butterfly caterpillars, scale insects, spider mites, aphids, slugs.
• Diseases: rust, gray rot, variegation, cucumber mosaic virus.

Read more about growing cannes below.

Canna flowers - features

At first glance, the canna flower looks like a hybrid of a banana with a gladiolus or an orchid. The plant has only two drawbacks: in our latitudes it does not winter well in open ground and doesn't smell at all. All other characteristics are solid advantages. The main one is that the plant almost does not get sick, so growing cannes will not cause trouble even for a beginner grower. Canna, for all its beauty and decorativeness, is generally unpretentious, drought-resistant, and decorates the garden with flowering from the end of June until the frost.

The rhizome of the canna branches, growing in breadth. Flowering stems are erect, thick, high (from 0.6 to 3 m). The leaves are large, powerful, pointed, oblong or elliptical in shape, reach a length of 25-80 cm, and a width of 10-30 cm. The shape and color of the leaves makes the plant attractive even without flowers, but only when the canna blooms, you will understand that such beauty and harmony. The flowers are sharply asymmetrical, bisexual, 4-8 cm in size, the original color is red, but today, thanks to the work of breeders, varieties of yellow, pink, orange flowers, there are two-tone, with a border and even speckled. White cannes are the least common. The flowers are collected in paniculate or racemose inflorescences. The fruit is a three-celled capsule.

Growing cannes in the garden

Sowing canna seeds

Canna seeds often do not retain varietal characteristics, and not all varieties set seeds, therefore The best way dilution of cannes - division of the rhizome. But if you are passionate about breeding, you can try and propagation by seeds. Cannes seeds are distinguished by a very hard shell, which must be softened before sowing. Scald the seeds with boiling water and keep them in a thermos for warm water 3-4 hours. Or for 12 hours on a hot battery. Or freeze for 1-2 hours in the refrigerator.

You need to sow the seeds in February, the soil should be light, the temperature should be 22-23 ºC, there should be partial shade indoors. Seedlings appear after 3-4 weeks, and when they have 3-4 leaves, dive them into separate pots, in which they will be at a temperature of 16 ºC until planting in the ground. Some seedlings may bloom this year, while others will not bloom until next year.

Pictured: Formed canna seeds

If you are interested in the most reliable way get summer blooming cannes, then early March divide canna tubers so that on each division there is one large kidney or several weak ones, sprinkle the slices with crushed coal, dry. Fold the delenki tightly to each other in a greenhouse container on the ground (sand), placing the kidney horizontally, sprinkle with sand on top and spray with warm water from time to time. Germination is carried out at a temperature of 20-24 ºC, it would be nice to slightly warm the container from below.

When the plants that have released leaves become crowded, plant them in a large pots and move to bright room with a temperature not higher than 16 ºC, so that they grow and get stronger before planting in the ground, watering once a decade with a solution of potassium permanganate (2 g per 10 l of water). You can do without growing at home, but refusing it will greatly delay the flowering time: if you plant unsprouted tubers in the ground, the canna may not have time to bloom at all.

In the photo: Canna tubers

When to plant cannes

When they pass spring frosts, you can start preparing a place for cannes. Canna loves sunny areas protected from drafts, fertile, rich in organic matter and warm soil. The needs of the canna are the same as those of the popular cucumber vegetable crop.

The optimal composition of the soil is as follows: humus, leafy soil, coarse sand and peat in equal parts. Good drainage is a must!

As for the question of when to plant cannes, then experienced growers it is advised to do this not earlier than May 9, because from a possible sharp temperature drop, which sometimes happens in spring, the canna in the garden will lag behind in growth for a long time, and at best the flowering time will be delayed, and at worst the canna will not bloom at all.

Cannes planting and care

Cannes planting in spring

So, in the second half of May, when the risk of frost will no longer threaten the life of plants, cannes are planted in open ground. If you want to get the most out of your canna, make a hot "litter" for her: to the bottom landing pit with a diameter of 50-60 cm, a 20 cm layer of fresh manure is placed, which will give heat to the roots of the canna and provoke it to intensive growth and violent flowering, then the manure is covered with a 25 cm layer of soil, moistened well, and only after that the canna rhizome is placed in the hole and dropped in . If the canna bulb did not have time to germinate, then the planting depth should be no more than 6-9 cm. The distance between plants, as well as between rows, should be half a meter. From the moment of planting in the ground until the moment of flowering, it takes from one and a half to two months.

In the photo: Cannes tubers ready for planting in the ground

Garden canna care

During the growing season, cannes need two or three times feed mineral fertilizers: after watering, the granules are scattered around the plants, and then loosen soil. 1 m 2 will require 40-50 g of the mixture (10 g potash fertilizer, 12 g of nitrogen and 25 g of phosphorus). The rest of the canna care is very simple.

Watering regular, but moderate, is needed until shoots appear. When the canna blooms, watering should become more abundant, but do not overdo it: waterlogging can cause fungal or bacterial diseases leading to blackening and death of the buds.

Sometimes canna leaves are damaged by butterfly caterpillars, and roots by nematodes. Use insecticides to control them. Do not forget to cut off the faded inflorescences. In the first half of the growing season, watch for weeds and remove them in time. At the end of flowering and before the first frost, the cannes must be piled up very high to protect the root collars from possible freezing.

Kanna at home

Growing homemade canna

Canna is also successfully used as a pot or tub plant. In any case, those of its types and varieties that are placed in the apartment, on the terrace or on the balcony. Home cannes, due to their bright decorative effect, become the center of any flower arrangement. winter garden. In addition, domestic canna needs only a two-month dormant period, and the rest of the year it is ready to tirelessly delight your eye with the beauty of its leaves and flowers. Canna can be grown at home in a pot like any other home plant, or you can carefully dig a canna in the garden in the fall and transplant it into a tub or pot with a diameter of 50 cm, after spilling garden soil insecticide to prevent the transfer of insects into the house that can damage the flower.

In the photo: Growing cannes at home

Canna care at home

Canna care at home is much easier than in the garden: no need to spray the plant, fight weeds and loosen the soil, no need to feed. Put it in a well-lit place and water as needed with settled water, sometimes wipe the leaves with a damp sponge. Even when the canna fades, the leaves will still be bright and beautiful.

In the photo: Canna on the windowsill

Cannes after flowering

If your domestic canna has faded and needs rest, gradually reduce watering until it stops completely. Cut the leaves at a height of 10-15 cm from the base of the plant and place the pot in a cool dry room with a temperature not lower than 10ºС. In the spring, remove the rhizome from the ground, divide, and plant the divisions. You can leave them to grow in pots at home, take them to the balcony or plant them in the garden - it's up to you.

garden cannes at the end of flowering, they also do not need in large numbers water, so watering should be gradually reduced, and then completely stopped. Before the first frost, the cannes should be piled high to protect the root necks from freezing, otherwise they may rot in winter, and immediately after the first frost, the cannes should be cut at a height of 15-20 cm, and the rhizomes should be removed along with a clod of earth.

In late September-early October, cannes are carefully dug out of the ground along with a clod of earth and transferred to a place where they will be stored until spring. It is best to store cannes in winter in a cool room with moderate humidity and diffused light. Rhizomes are transferred to boxes and sprinkled with peat, sand and earth with sawdust of non-coniferous trees. The humidity of the substrate is desirable fifty percent, and the temperature is 6-8 degrees Celsius.

Storage of cannes requires regular inspection of rhizomes for decay: if a tuber damaged by rot is found, cut the affected area to healthy tissue, and process the cut iodine.

Keep an eye on the humidity level and protect the rhizomes from sudden changes in temperature.

In the photo: Digging cannes and preparing for storage

If you do not have the opportunity to store cannes indoors, you can keep them in the refrigerator until spring. In autumn, the tubers are dug up, washed from the ground under running water, the day is kept in a disinfectant solution of potassium permanganate, then dried, each tuber is wrapped in paper and placed in a container for storing vegetables, from time to time checking to see if any of the tubers have rotted. Some flower growers store dried cannes on the balcony in a plastic bucket, sprinkled with dry earth. In case of severe cooling, the bucket should be brought into the apartment and placed on the floor under the balcony door.

In the photo: Preparing cannes for wintering

You can store the rhizomes in a pot in the ground at a temperature not exceeding 15 ºC. For this, a glazed loggia, attic or veranda is suitable. In this case, the soil needs to be moistened a couple of times a month. If your region does not have frosty winters, dug out cannes rhizomes can be stored directly on a site that is not flooded with water, in a place protected from the wind. It is only necessary to cover the tubers with a twenty-centimeter layer of dry sawdust.

Types and varieties of cannes

Canna Indian (Canna indica)

The progenitor of almost all types of cannes that are popular today is canna indian. Cultivars of Indian canna, obtained as a result of many years of selection, are called garden canna. Florists divide these hybrids into three groups.

Cannes - bright beautiful garden flowers that decorate summer cottages from mid-summer to autumn. Red, yellow, variegated, white, bright orange large flowers attract attention and look very elegant and spectacular. Canna is a favorite of landscape designers and gardeners who use the flower to decorate lawns, flower beds, and home gardens. Cannes look great both in a single planting and in a group with other flowers and plants, giving the composition a special charm.

Kanna belongs to the monotypic genus Cannaceae and has about 50 varieties. This herbaceous perennial lives in South America, India and China. This plant got into the gardens of Europeans thanks to the Portuguese sailors who brought it there in the middle of the seventeenth century.

If you translate the name of the plant from Greek, you get "reed". This is not surprising, because the stem of the flower really has a lot in common with the latter.

General information

According to ancient legend, cannes appeared on the site of a huge fire in which the leader of an Indian tribe burned a peace treaty with the Americans, after which the war began. And as an eternal reminder of the spilled blood and the flames of the fire, every spring this vibrant culture rises and decorates not only legendary place, where events unfolded, but also the garden plots of many flower growers around the world.

The plant is valued for its beautiful inflorescences and large, decorative leaf plates, rich green, purple, bronze or purple hues. Culture has two minor drawbacks. It does not hibernate in our climate in the open field and cannes flowers do not smell.

Otherwise, this flower has many advantages. He practically does not get sick, it is easy to take care of him, he tolerates frosts well and, of course, will decorate the garden plot with his incredible flowers until the first cold snap.

As you can see, there are many more pluses than minuses, so if you want to decorate your garden with this exotic plant, then do it without hesitation.

Canna varieties with photos and names

- in the wild, the plant grows in America and the western part of India. It is a slow growing perennial with a smooth, straight stem and strong root system. The height of the bush reaches up to 2 meters.

Long leaf plates have an elliptical, broadly lanceolate shape and are dense, leathery, smooth and have a rich green or dark green tint with a red stripe. Inflorescences are large, tubular type with pink or red waxy petals. The flowering time of the plant falls in mid-summer and ends in late autumn.

- the culture grows in the USA in a swampy area, preferring humus soil. Canna is an evergreen perennial, reaching a height of 1.5 meters with a vertical root system.

The oblong, tapering leaves are up to 60 centimeters long and dark green in color. Inflorescences of medium size, yellowish-gray. Flowering time is in the summer and lasts until the first frost.

- the plant reaches a height of up to 1.4 meters. It grows wild in China. It has long oval-elongated bright green leaf plates. Inflorescences are large red-orange.

- this variety is the common name for all cultivated hybrids intended for cultivation in garden plots. Plants have a height of up to 1.5 meters, long, oval-lanceolate leaf plates of a green or purple hue, depending on the variety. Inflorescences of garden cannes are large, with waxy petals that have various shades from bright red to snow white.

The height of the stem of the plant reaches up to 1.5 meters. Leaf plates are elliptical, lanceolate, long red-violet. The flowers are large, red-purple. The plant practically does not bear fruit. Blooms in mid-summer.

- culture reaches a height of up to 1.3 meters. Differs in long, lanceolate leaf plates of a red-green hue. Inflorescences are light pink. After flowering, the canna bears fruit. Flowering time is in summer.

- the stem of the plant grows up to 1.2 meters. The leaf plates are long, leathery, lanceolate, dark green in color. Inflorescences are large red-orange. The plant bears fruit every year. Blooms in mid-summer.

- culture reaches a height of up to 1.4 meters. Leaf plates are long, lanceolate, brown-purple. Inflorescences are large, orange with red stripes at the base. This variety does not produce seeds and flowers in July.

- The height of the bush reaches up to 1 meter. The leaves are dark green, leathery and up to 50 centimeters long. Inflorescences yellow or cream. The flowering time of the plant falls in mid-summer. Fruiting is regular.

The plant reaches a height of up to 1 meter. Leaf plates are long, large, lanceolate, dark green. Inflorescences are medium bright red color. The variety does not produce seeds. Blooms in mid-summer.

- The plant reaches a height of up to 1 meter. The leaf plates have a purple hue, are leathery and elastic, and also have a lanceolate shape. Inflorescences are large, crimson-red. Cannes bloom in mid-summer.

- the height of the plant reaches 130 centimeters. It has leathery, lanceolate, large, long leaf plates of a dark green hue. Cannes inflorescences of this variety are red-orange with a yellow border. Flowering time falls in the summer.

- the height of the culture reaches up to 1 meter. It has large decorative leaf plates, a rich green hue. The inflorescences are bright yellow and a small orange speck at the base of the flower. Flowering time is in mid-summer and lasts until autumn.

- The bush reaches a height of up to 1 meter. Leaf plates are lanceolate, leathery, long dark green. Inflorescences are large pink. Canna of this variety blooms throughout the summer.

The plant has a length of up to 80 centimeters and is considered a compact variety. Leaf plates are large, oval-lanceolate with wavy edges of a dark green hue. Inflorescences are large, bright red with a yellow border. Flowering time starts from mid-summer and ends in mid-autumn.

- the culture reaches a height of up to 1 meter and has long, leathery oval-lanceolate leaf plates of a brown-purple hue. Inflorescences are large pinkish-yellow. The plant blooms in mid-summer. Fruiting after flowering.

- Canna bush of this variety reaches a height of 70 centimeters. Leaf plates are lanceolate, long, decorative dark green. Inflorescences are large light lemon shade. The plant blooms in July.

- the height of the plant reaches up to 1 meter. It has decorative, long, oval-lanceolate foliage, tapering at the ends of a rich green shade into a dark stripe. The inflorescences are yellow in small red-brown specks. The flowering time of this variety falls in mid-summer and ends in mid-autumn.

- the plant reaches a height of up to 2 meters, has long, lanceolate leaf plates of a dark green shade with a light stripe. Inflorescences are large purple-red. Canna of this variety blooms until early autumn, seeds begin to form after flowering.

Kanna planting and care in the open field

Having decided to plant this exotic culture, the gardener immediately begins to think about the place for planting it. The bed should be chosen in a sunny area without shading and drafts. Since the plant is tropical, it does not like the cold.

Eland must also be protected from the wind, as its strong gusts can break the stems. When young plants grow up, it will be necessary to install supports for them. In the wild, plants grow in open glades and along water bodies. In our climate zone they grow well in well-lit and loosened areas. But in the shade they will also grow, but flowering will not occur.

It is necessary to plant plants in open ground in the spring, but only when the soil warms up enough and the threat of frost disappears. In the event that the plant survives the temperature drop, it will stop growing, and may not even bloom this season.

Also, for young and weakened cannes, temperature changes are fraught with a decrease in immunity to diseases. For this reason, experienced flower growers advise planting plants in the second half of May.

Before planting the culture, flower beds should be dug up and mixed in advance garden soil with humus, coarse sand, peat and leafy turf. Then you need to take the germinated bulbs of the plant and plant them in the ground to a depth of 15 centimeters.

The distance between the bushes of plants will depend on the variety. For tall people, it should be at least 70 centimeters, and for short ones, at least 40 centimeters. After planting, the area with cannes should be mulched and watered. Shoots will begin to appear in about a month.

Lily is also attractive flower, which is grown during planting and care in the open field without special trouble, if you follow the rules of agricultural technology. All necessary recommendations You can find in this article.

Watering Cannes

From the moment the plant is planted until the first inflorescences appear, watering should be systematic and moderate. Young cannes in the first two weeks after planting should be watered with a weak solution of manganese, making sure that there are no overflows. To do this, during the planting of the bulbs in the ground, you need to add coarse sand as drainage and, during the growth process, do not forget to loosen the soil.

You should also prevent the drying of the earth, otherwise the eland will slow down in growth. The culture evaporates moisture through the leaf blades, which can be covered with dew from time to time. This usually happens before the rain.

Watering should be increased during the flowering of the plant and reduced in the fall. After the plant has faded, watering must be stopped completely. Water should be defended before being introduced under the bush, it should also be warm, since cold liquid can harm the plant.

Canna soil

In order for a plant to grow and develop normally, it needs a loose, drained and rich nutrients priming.

To prepare it for disembarkation, you should mix upper layer garden soil with leafy turf, peat and coarse river sand for drainage. After the soil mixture is ready, it needs to be allowed to “reach” for about a week, then loosen and plant the tubers of the culture.

Canna fertilizer

The plant should be fed only three times during the growing season. The first time you need to fertilize immediately after planting, the second - during the appearance of buds and the third, you need to spend during flowering.

To prepare top dressing, it is necessary to mix nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertilizer in a ratio of 12:10:15 grams and scatter it over the bed with cannes after watering.

In order for the top dressing to dissolve faster, the soil should be loosened. The first top dressing is carried out with a mixture of all fertilizers, and the next two with phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen, each time reducing the amount of the latter. It would also be nice to include organic feeding as chicken manure diluted with water.

canna bloom

It's bright and unusual plant, blooms from July until the first frosts, however, there are also varieties that bloom only in the middle of summer. Canna inflorescences are large and beautiful, but without a pronounced aroma.

The color of flowers can be very different: from burgundy and pink to white and yellow with bright stripes and small specks. After flowering, boxes with seeds are formed, which can then be used to propagate the plant.

canna pruning

The plant needs pruning regularly. To save it decorative look, faded inflorescences and withered leaves should be removed.

The stems will need to be removed only with the onset of cold weather, before preparing the crop for winter.

Preparing cannes for winter

Cannes should be prepared for wintering in September. When the temperature starts to drop, the bushes must be spudded to prevent the root system from freezing, since autumn temperature drops for this tropical beauty disastrous.

If the plant is frozen, the leaf plates turn black and die. In this case, you should cut the stems, leaving about 20 centimeters from the ground level and carefully dig out the root tubers.

After digging the tubers out of the soil, they can be removed in a bag and, as the earth dries up, they will need to be sprayed with water. You can also transfer the tubers to a container with wet peat or moss, or place them in a box and sprinkle with wet sand mixture or sawdust, but not coniferous.

cannes winter storage

In all of the above cases, in winter, cannes should be stored in the basement at a temperature of + 7 to 13 degrees. It shouldn't go any lower. The room should have good ventilation and diffused light, and it is also necessary to ensure that the soil moisture does not fall below 50%.

From time to time, you need to get and inspect the tubers for rotting. If rot is found, cut off the damaged areas and treat the edges with iodine.

If the grower does not have a basement, you can store the tubers on the balcony. Having previously dug them out, freed them from the soil and washed them in a weak solution of manganese. After that, they should be dried, each wrapped in paper and stored until spring.

Canna growing from seeds

The plant can be propagated seed way and bush division. Seed propagation among flower growers is not popular, as it is very laborious and time-consuming.

Before planting, canna seeds should be treated with boiling water, and then kept in a warm place for 5 hours. After the shell on the seeds bursts, they can be planted in a prepared container with soil. Planting of seeds is carried out in February in warm loose earth. After disembarking, the box must be covered with a film and removed in partial shade.

In a month, the first foliage will begin to appear on the seedlings. When there are 4 leaves on the young growth, it should be planted in different pots and kept at a temperature of 15 degrees until the second half of May, after which the plants should be planted in open ground. When using this propagation method, varietal qualities mother plant will not be saved.

Canna propagation by root division

Canna can also be propagated by dividing the root system. This method is the simplest, most convenient and popular with flower growers. In the spring, when it starts to warm up outside, you should take the root tubers that were in the basement and check them for rot.

For division, it is necessary to choose large tubers. They should be divided with a sharp knife, leaving one growth current on each part. After dividing, the edges must be treated with charcoal, and then placed in containers with a warm sand mixture, watered and placed in a room. When the tubers take root and give the first petals, they can be moved to open ground.

Diseases and pests

Despite the fact that the plant is very resistant to diseases and pests, with improper care, it can still turn up some ailments and insect attacks.

Plants can settle on leaf plates slugs, spider mites and snails . To get rid of them, you should treat the affected plant with Actellik insecticide according to the instructions on the package.

With excessive soil moisture, the plant can hit a fungus that manifests itself in the form of rusty, yellow and black spots on the foliage and trunk of a plant . In the advanced stage, the leaf plates turn yellow and fall off, and the plant dies over time.

In order to destroy the fungus, you need to remove the affected leaves and trunks of the canna and burn them. After that, you need to treat the plant with the Vitaros fungicide. As a prophylaxis of the disease, cannes should be watered from time to time with a solution of manganese and ensure that there are no overflows and moisture stagnation.

If the canna stops growing and slowly dies , then most likely it root system nematodes began to undermine.

In this case, the diseased culture will have to be removed and destroyed. Prevention of the appearance of nematodes is the treatment of the land around the bush with insecticides such as "Nemagon".

Problems when growing cannes

Although growing a plant is quite simple, however, gardeners still have to deal with some problems.

These include:

• Lack of growth - the culture may stop growing due to unsuitable soil or eating its roots by nematodes. To bring the canna to life, it should be transplanted into fertile soil. Well, in the case of nematodes, the plant, unfortunately, cannot be saved, since these pests greatly spoil the tubers, which can no longer be restored.
• No flowering - canna does not bloom in two cases: if it was planted in the shade or if it lacks fertilizer. You can solve the problem by transplanting and fertilizing in accordance with the requirements of the plant.
• Yellowing leaves - if the leaf plates begin to turn yellow and fall off, the flower has become ill with a fungal disease due to waterlogging of the soil. Treatment with Vitaros will help restore his health.

It should be noted that it is possible to eliminate the problems that have arisen with the plant only at an early stage. For this reason, when atypical culture behavior appears, you should immediately pay attention to it and try to help the flower before it is too late.

Conclusion

The happy owners of this beautiful plant in their area claim that all the little troubles that may arise in the process of growing it are insignificant compared to the joy the grower will receive when the canna blooms.

Its bright, rich flowers will decorate the garden from early summer until late autumn, giving it a special charm until the frost.

With its decorative effect perennial eland, attracts many lovers exotic plants. Canna bloom begins in summer and lasts until frost. The garden plot throughout this period is decorated with bright elegant flowers and lush leaves. Garden cannes can be planted singly, in groups, in beds with smaller plants such as undersized plants, and other annuals and perennials. Flowers will decorate the green lawn, alley, pond.

Decorate large area better high varietal cannes, which differ not only in the height of the bush, but also in the color of the leaves and flowers.

Conditions for growing cannes in the garden

Garden cannes are quite resistant plants, they tolerate drought and heat without difficulty, but growing them still requires some trouble. So, conditions for growing cannes in the garden:

• rhizomes need to be germinated;
• the seat must be well and carefully prepared;
• in drought, cannes must be watered regularly;
• cannes need to be fed;
• store cannes properly in winter.

Growing cannes in the open field has its own secrets, agricultural techniques and, having learned them, you will get a firework of flowers on the site.

Blooming canna in the garden

Cannes primer

Since in order to store cannes in winter, you need to dig up rhizomes with a clod of earth, you will have to deal with the division of rhizomes at the end of March. The tubers are examined and sent for germination in boxes with sawdust or peat in a room with high humidity or a greenhouse. Rhizomes with sprouts (8-10 cm) are divided into parts and planted one at a time in pots with a diameter of 9-10 cm. When planting in pots, a substrate consisting of leafy soil or a mixture of decomposed manure and greenhouse soil in a ratio of 2: 1 can be used. Next, the pots are transferred to a room with a temperature of 16-18 ºC, where they will be until planting on permanent place in the garden. Be sure to harden cannes before planting, and you need to start doing this two weeks before planting cannes in open ground.

Planting cannes in the garden

Fertilizer and watering cannas

Cannes should be fertilized with a complete mineral fertilizer at least three times during the growing season. After irrigation, loosening is carried out. During dry periods, cannes are watered 2-3 times a week. Rhizomes will ripen better if at the end of summer you start to reduce watering, and stop completely before digging.

flowering canna garden

The first inflorescences will appear 1.5-2 months after planting. It is better to cut these inflorescences to allow the root system to develop well and grow healthy powerful roots. Removing faded flowers in time, before fruit formation, will help maintain the plant's decorative effect and save strength for further flowering. Cannes bloom until frost.

Cannes diseases and pests

Canna cultivation

Types and varieties of cannes

tall varieties of canna

On a spacious lawn area it is better to plant the following tall varieties of cannes (height 1-1.5 m):

• America, Red Futurity - varieties with purple leaves and red flowers;
• Fire Bird and President are varieties with red flowers and green leaves;
• Kron and King Midas - varieties with bluish-green leaves and yellow flowers.

You can knock out groups of these cannes silver, then they definitely will not get lost among the greenery. Cannes are spectacular even in the evening hours, if garden lamps are placed next to them.

Located in the central part of the parterre, cannes will look even more beautiful. Especially if you plant them at different levels: tall cannes with dark red and low cannes with pale pink flowers.

Low-growing varieties of cannes

Low-growing varieties of cannes (50-90 cm) can be planted on small lawns, placed in flowerpots on a recreation area or at the entrance to the house:

• city ​​of Portland,
• carpet,
• Lucifer
• Pfitzer's Chinese Coral,
• hungaria,
• Valentina Tereshkova.

The inextinguishable flame will remind you of cannes with flower colors that have a combination of yellow and red touches:

• picasso,
• Gold Lucifer,
• Partenite,
• Lucifer.

They are beautiful against the background, enliven the walls of large stones.

Often, cannes began to be planted in. Such cannes all year round grow submerged 10-20 cm in water. Only in the summer in a pond in the open air, and when sub-zero temperatures are transferred to, where the temperature is +15 ºC, and immersed in water. Adequate lighting is required for flowering. If the natural is not enough, then artificial illumination of the cannes is necessary, then the plants will continue to bloom and form new shoots.

Growing cannes in the garden

Cannes varieties for a pond

In the absence of a winter garden, the rhizomes should be washed in autumn, dried and sent for storage in peat or sand in winter. The following varieties of cannes can grow in water:

• diamond,
• Lucifer
• canna indica,
• hybrids of the Lonqwood group.

And if you make an original composition of cannes and nymphs in a pond, then everyone who loves unusual plants will be delighted.

Where do the drops on canna leaves come from? They also say that eland cries. Since the canna is a tropical plant, it is endowed with guttation, i.e. the ability to release excess moisture - drops appear on the leaves. So with the help of the canna you will find out the weather forecast. Large drops on the leaves will report high humidity air, indicating possible precipitation during the day or night.

One of the most unusual and spectacular bulbous plants- canna. Canna flowers are able to decorate any composition, be combined with almost any other plants, and also look beautiful in single landings. Canna is a perennial herbaceous plant native to tropical forests, so it cannot overwinter in the open field.

Botanical description

The canna flower can reach a height of 2 meters, has large oblong leaf blades, up to 50 cm in length and up to 25 in width. Coloring leaf blades can be all shades of green. The flowers are very large and have a lemon, pink color, purple hues. These plants are most popular for growing in gardens and cottages. They are well suited for landscaping areas and areas in front of the house.

Due to their large size, they create a unique composition. But, in addition, canna is great for growing on garden plot or at home. At home, it is kept in large tubs or floor pots. To grow this beautiful flower in room conditions appropriate varieties should be selected, preferably undersized, to fit in a room, on a balcony or loggia.

Such varieties reach a height of no more than 160 cm, they do not require complex care, and such flowers will decorate not only the room, but will also look worthy in an office or administrative building.

Canna content rules

So that the canna has not only juicy greenery, but also blooms profusely with large and bright colors she needs to be properly cared for. Caring for a plant at home comes down to following certain rules and creating the necessary conditions for it.

Lighting

Canna belongs to light-loving plants, so you need to place it on sunny place. A window sill on the south or west sides is well suited for this. You can put the canna opposite the window on the floor. She's not afraid of exposure sun rays, so there is no need to shade it.

Temperature conditions

The optimum air temperature is about 20-26 degrees Celsius. In such conditions, the flower develops well. The room where the plant is kept should be slightly ventilated.

Humidity Requirements

Under natural conditions, cannes grow in the tropics, where the climate is warm and the level of humidity is high, so varieties and types of flowers grown at home also need to be maintained. high level air humidity. Here, care consists of weekly watering. With the onset of the summer period, on hot days, the number of waterings is increased to two times a week. If the plant experiences a lack of moisture, then it immediately lets you know about it.

Large leaves curl into a tube. In this case, the flower must be watered immediately. In the heat, to create optimal humidity, it must be sprayed with warm water and the air around the plant too. With the onset of autumn, watering is reduced, and then completely stopped. Such measures contribute to the ripening of the rhizome by winter.

rest period

For two months a year, the plant needs a dormant period and at this time care is also needed. Watering is stopped, and the stems are cut off, leaving them 10-15 cm high. The canna pot is cleaned in a cool place where the temperature does not exceed 6-10 degrees Celsius.

Transfer

Since the canna develops very quickly, the flower needs to be replanted annually, increasing the size of the container. The soil for the canna should be light and loose. For this, a mixture of soddy, leafy soil with peat and sand is suitable. It is good to pour a layer of expanded clay or other drainage material on the bottom of the pot. Then a layer of soil is poured on top, and the plant is placed in a pot. From all sides add required amount soil and lightly compact. The flower tolerates transplantation well, so it can be carried out at any growing season. In order for the water not to stagnate in the pot, the soil must be periodically loosened. Loosening also contributes to the saturation of the soil with oxygen. Plant care after transplantation is the same as the rest of the time.

top dressing

Top dressing of the plant is carried out with complex mineral fertilizers about once every 30 days. Cannes respond very well to fertilization, the leaves become more juicy, and flowering is abundant with large flowers.

Bloom

Canna blooms at home not often, but if the care is good, then flowering can be achieved.

The buds bloom first at the bottom of the stem and gradually go up. Plant care during flowering involves the removal of faded buds and dried leaves. This will help preserve the decorative appearance of the plant and free it from unnecessary flowers and leaves. There are varieties that drop dead leaves and flowers on their own, so there is no need to remove them yourself. Periodically, you need to clean the leaves of accumulated dust, it is best to do this with a damp sponge.

canna disease

Cannes are rarely affected by diseases during indoor cultivation. Sometimes bacteriosis develops on the leaves, which is manifested by the appearance of black spots on the leaves. The cause of the disease is considered improper care of the plant, or rather, waterlogging of the soil. It is better to prevent this disease than to treat it. Therefore, timely watering as the soil dries up in a pot will the best prevention this disease.

Plants grown indoors are practically not damaged by pests. In rare cases, they can be inhabited by aphids or caterpillars, which must be dealt with with the help of insecticides.

In general, canna care is very simple, despite the fact that the plant is tropical, it feels great at room conditions and does not need special attention. Therefore, it is worth having this plant in your home. And let it take a little more space than other plants, but large juicy stems and leaves will create a real atmosphere of the tropics in the room. In addition, due to the abundance of greenery, the lack of clean air will never.

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