When to get begonia tubers after winter. Proper storage of tuberous begonias in winter. Which place is considered good for begonias: sun shade or partial shade

When buying begonia tubers in a store, inspect them carefully first. Choose only dense and smooth tubers without signs of disease and pest damage.

healthy tuber tuberous begonia: n the lower side of the tuber has a convex surface, and on the upper (flat or concave) live intact buds should be visible.

Treatment of begonia tubers from diseases

In mid-April, that is, 3-4 weeks before planting, tuberous begonia tubers must be germinated. Before germination, treat them with a fungicide solution (Vitaros, Maxim) according to the instructions. This is necessary in order to destroy the foci of fungal diseases that could occur during storage.

Germination of begonia tubers in the ground

Pour moist soil into the tray with a layer of 4-5 centimeters and place the tubers on the surface, slightly pressing them. If it is possible to constantly maintain soil moisture, then it is better not to cover them, if this is not possible, then cover (not tightly) with polyethylene or a lid from a food container. Put in a bright and warm place.

Germination of begonia tubers in sphagnum

There are other ways to germinate begonia tubers, for example, in sphagnum. The fact is that sphagnum has a high hygroscopicity and long time retains moisture. In addition, it has disinfectant and antibacterial properties because it contains antibiotics that protect otnia tubers. As a result, there is no need for fungicide treatment.

Put sphagnum in a tray with a layer of 5-6 centimeters, cover with a clean cloth. And wet well. Drain excess water.

Spread the tubers on the surface wet tissue. Then proceed in the same way as when germinating begonia tubers in the ground.

Keep an eye on the humidity, in addition to moistening the soil to awaken the buds, it is useful to spray them from a spray gun, especially if they are in your open state.

After 2-3 weeks, small roots appear and the first shoots reach a height of 4-5 centimeters. This is a signal that tubers can be planted in a container.

Planting a tuberous begonia in a container

Tuberous begonias do best in slides or containers. Planted in a container or in a balcony box, it will decorate any corner in your garden, as well as a balcony or veranda. In addition, with the onset of cold rainy weather begonia can be moved to a bright, rain-protected place where it will delight you with its flowering.

Like almost all plants that have a tuber, tuberous begonia does not tolerate stagnant water. Therefore, at the bottom of the container, be sure to put drainage from broken brick or expanded clay with a layer of 5 centimeters. Fill the rest of the container with a light fertile mixture with a neutral reaction. Mix 1 part peat, 1 part humus, 3 parts sod or fertile garden soil and 0.5 parts sand. If you are using sour peat, then add 1 cup to the mixture wood ash or 3 tablespoons dolomite flour for 5 liters of mixture. To increase the moisture capacity of the soil, it is good to add 1 cup of perlite to it.or a little crushed sphagnum. The greatest effect to increase the moisture capacity is the addition of hydrogel granules to the soil. Compact the soil so that it does not settle too much when watering. Make holes for planting in such a way that the soil mixture covers the tuber by no more than 1 cm.

Water tuberous begonias only warm water. When watering cold water thin roots die off, which negatively affects its development and flowering, although you will not immediately notice this.

The soil must be constantly kept moist. When the earthy coma dries out, the growth of begonias stops, and the flowers and leaves fall off.

After the end of frost, place the container in partial shade. In the sun, begonia leaves lose their decorative effect, become dull, their tips dry up, and the flowers crumble ahead of time. Especially it concerns large-flowered varieties. With strong shading, begonia stretches strongly and blooms weakly.

At the beginning of growth, feed the begonia 2-3 times with nitrogen fertilizer with an interval of 7-10 days. After the tuberous begonia begins to bud, feed with a complex mineral fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements) at the same interval.

If in home floriculture you prefer flowering plants, tuberous begonia you will like. AT sunny flower it is impossible not to fall in love, because nature itself has provided for him only warm shades- yellow, golden-orange, coral, honey, purple ... Begonia is a rather capricious "lady", but whoever comprehends the secrets and subtleties of caring for her will reciprocate. The versatility of the culture captivates - it is equally well adapted to growing in closed and open ground.

Description and types of tuberous begonia

Begonia tuberous mesmerizing abundance bright inflorescences- a complex hybrid, first obtained in mid-nineteenth century. Since then, hundreds of varieties and cultivators have appeared, both heterotic, intended for cultivation in open ground, and tuberous, for indoor cultivation.

Begonia of this species is easily recognizable by fragile, juicy stems with a translucent texture, light green or olive hue. The leaves, like those of its other relatives, are asymmetrical, often glossy. The bush, depending on the variety, can be compact (up to 20 cm) and quite high (70–80 cm). Flowers differ in size - from 5 to 20 cm in diameter and shape - simple, fringed, double. The underground rhizome (rhizome) thickens at the base and forms a tuber. By analogy with bulbous plants, new roots grow from the bottom of the tuber every year, and the old ones die off. Therefore, tuberous begonia needs annual dormancy (wintering), which occurs during the cold period and lasts from 2 to 3.5 months.

There are several varieties of tuberous begonia.

The multiflora group is characterized by neat, well-branched bushes with small (5–8 cm) densely double or corrugated flowers.
Begonias grandiflora are large (up to 15 cm in diameter), beautiful flowers similar to camellia.
The profusely flowering variety of floribunda is characterized by double inflorescences, reaching a diameter of 9 cm.
A distinctive feature of the ampelous group is drooping, rapidly growing shoots with an abundance of elegant, corrugated flowers of rich color - apricot, salmon, pale pink.

Note! Begonia is a monoecious plant. On one bush male - bright, terry and female - inconspicuous, simple flowers bloom. If you do not plan to propagate begonias from seeds, female flowers must be removed so that the plant does not expend effort on their maturation.

Subtleties of care

When growing begonias tuber care at home should be as close as possible to the conditions of the natural habitat. In open ground and room culture, the basic requirements for the conditions and stages of agricultural technology are the same.

sun, air, water the right proportions plus right soil the essence of basic needs.

From the numerous Begonia family, the tuberous variety tolerates bright colors better than others. sunlight. And the smaller the flowers, the more sun they need. Graceful ampelous hybrids and large-flowered begonias must be protected from bright light so that the leaves and delicate petals do not get burned. For them, flower beds in the shaded corners of the garden, containers, pots with plants are best placed on the west and east sides.
The same story with the thermal regime. Small-flowered heterotic species are more resistant to cold, and hybrids with large terry inflorescences cannot tolerate a sharp drop or fluctuation in temperature. On the whole tuberous species thermophilic - optimal range 20–25⁰С. They are afraid not only of frost, but also of cold wind, temperatures close to 0. Plant seedlings in open ground recommend only with the onset of stable heat or provide shelter options.
With watering, too, you can not overdo it. A moisture-loving flower, when water, especially cold, gets on the tuber, it is prone to decay. Experienced flower growers it is recommended to water the begonia bushes 1-2 times a week, in the early morning, with heated water, i.e., so that the temperature of the soil, water and plants are as balanced as possible. AT room conditions watering through the pan or along the edge of the pot is desirable.
Provide optimal humidity and air exchange is easy if light, loose, well-drained soil is used for planting. Continuous long (5-6 months) flowering takes a lot of energy and requires systematic top dressing.

Cultivation in the open field

Speaking of open ground, we mean planting begonia seedlings in a flower bed. It is purchased or grown independently from seeds or a tuber.

Note! The sprouted plant can be left in a pot and taken outside for the whole summer. limited scope closed ground determines the nature of care.

Seedlings are planted in early June, deepening fragile stems by 1.5–2 cm to give stability. The distance between the bushes depends on its size and compactness. Tall varieties planted at a distance of 30-35 cm, low profusely flowering - 20-25 cm, ampelous dwarf varieties in a container version - 10-15 cm apart.

Watering, feeding

Consider how to care for tuberous begonias in the summer. As for watering, it should be frequent (at least 1 time per week), plentiful (5-6 liters per bush), water comfortable temperature. Moisture stagnation and drying of the roots should not be allowed. The plant will respond to a lack of moisture by yellowing and withering of the leaves, shedding of buds. from waterlogging or cold water roots and tuber rot, the flower dies.

At the beginning of the growing season, in order for the plant to quickly gain leaf mass, it must be fed 1-2 times nitrogen fertilizers. Starting from the moment of budding, begonia is fed complex fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus. This should be done in small doses, applying fertilizer with watering approximately twice a month.

Note! In order not to constantly feed, experts recommend using long-acting fertilizers in granules or tablets. Bring them into the hole or pot during planting. Due to the slow, gradual dissolution, the flower receives nutrition throughout the season.

A special time for tuberous begonia comes in the fall, when it prepares for a dormant period and directs efforts to form a tuber.

The nuances of room culture

If in summer period the ability to bring begonia to Fresh air no, it is necessary to ensure its full inflow. Suitable open loggias, balconies, window sills with eastern and western exposure. In addition to watering, the flower needs systematic spraying with warm water. Air humidity will increase if the containers are placed in pallets with wet expanded clay or other drainage.

Preparing for the winter

In order for the tuber to mature and lay the buds of renewal, it is necessary to extend the vegetation process as long as possible. Begonias growing in open ground are dug up with the first threat of frost and, together with a clod of earth and the aerial part, are left in a dry place for ripening. In that period is coming the outflow of nutrition from the stem and leaves into the tuber, it is better to cut off the buds. When the foliage dries out, it is cut off, the remnants of the earth are removed and the tuber is isolated.

If tuberous begonia grows in a pot, with the onset of cold weather it is brought into heat and preparation for winter is somewhat postponed. In the last decade of October, flowering comes to an end, begonia begins to shed its leaves. To smoothly move to rest, watering is reduced to a minimum, the pots are placed in a shaded place. After 3-4 weeks, the aerial part dies off or is cut off. The tuber is left in a pot or dug up in order to plant again in the spring.

It is interesting! AT European countries no one digs and stores begonia tubers. Planting material or ready-made seedlings are purchased annually in the spring.

Tuber storage options

The agrotechnics of tuberous begonia provides for several ways to store the plant and planting material in winter.

Dug dried tubers are sprinkled with wet peat or sand and lowered into the basement (refrigerator). They are stored at a temperature of 5–10⁰ C, humidity not lower than 80%. It is good to add sphagnum moss to the storage substrate, the bactericidal properties of which prevent decay.
After pruning the stems, the tuber is left in a pot until spring and removed in a dark room with a cool (plus!) temperature. So that the lump of earth does not dry out, it is recommended to do “dry” watering with snow from time to time. After 2-3 months, the rested begonia will wake up and sprout.
In order to rejuvenate the culture, spring tuber transplantation into a new substrate is practiced. They store it in the same way as described above, but at the end of February they dig it up, divide large specimens into several parts, and transplant them.
Young begonias grown from seeds form a tuber for several years. At this time, it is better not to cut the plant for the winter, and it is advisable not to disturb the tuber due to its small size. Their rest is relative - in diffused light, in a cool place (10-15⁰С) and with moderate watering.

Tuber planting

The best way to breed begonias at home is to plant tubers. Overwintered or acquired tubers begin to germinate in late February-March. They are cleaned of old roots. To enhance protective functions, they are treated with fungicides (20–40 minutes). To accelerate root formation planting material treated with Epin, a growth stimulator and immune system plants.

You can germinate tubers in small pots, and in May transfer them to balcony boxes or flowerpots. The second option is to immediately plant on permanent place. In this case, the container needs to be small and wide, the soil is desirable targeted (for begonias), well loosened and drained. The planting tuber is placed with the convex part (bottom) down, covered with earth “up to the shoulders” so that the buds remain on the surface.

The planted tuber is immediately exposed to the light, after the formation of two true leaves, it is sprinkled with a substrate. From this point on, the begonia can be fed.

Plants grown at home are more hardened, take root faster in open ground, and better tolerate changing conditions.

Video about pruning and cuttings of tuberous begonias

Begonia is one of the largest tropical plants in terms of the number - up to 1 thousand representatives. You can be happy to choose for yourself from such a variety home plant. Growing begonia is half the trouble, but how to save it in winter and wake it up after a dormant period is another question. In today's article, you will learn when to get begonias after winter.

Begonia does not have a brightly grown dormant period like other houseplants. Flower care comes down to digging up tubers after they have stocked up on the necessary amount of nutrients.

How to prepare begonia for winter:

In mid-autumn, reduce watering;
Remove yellowed leaves;
Cut off the dead surface part;
Send for storage;

Store begonias from a pot in a cool room at a temperature of 10 °C . If the begonia continues to bloom, refusing to go to a dormant period, allow such a whim this year, but be sure to send it to spend the winter next year, otherwise the bloom will shrink with each season.

Begonias are dug out of open ground after the death of leaves and inflorescences, in advance before the cold weather. Begonia tubers are stored in earthy coma in the basement for a month, drying, and then you can plant in dry sand or peat so as not to rot. The air temperature for such begonias is 12 ° C and air humidity 60%.

When to get begonias after winter:

The dormant period lasts from late November to February;

In February, tuberous begonias are taken out of hiding or dug out of dry soil. To preserve moisture, the tubers were sprayed once a month, but not flooded, so the awakening had not yet come. Stored in pots on the balcony or in the closet, begonias wake up on their own.

Awakening begonias at home

During the dormant period, the begonias were examined for rot and periodically moistened, as the task was to save the planting material until the next season. The awakening of tuberous begonia begins under the sun's rays. The plant is planted in a pot with a suitable mixture, then exposed closer to the light, and the air temperature is regulated. at 18°C. Development can take place both evenly and very slowly and in parts - the begonia will not release sprouts immediately, some of them will not be fixed.

After the emergence of sprouts ventilate the room with the plant, but it is better to protect from drafts at the beginning of spring. If you planned to divide the tuber for propagating begonias, then it's time to wake up and form sprouts. Begonia tubers grown after wintering in a substrate in pots are sent to country cottage area when the ground warms up and there is no risk of a drop in temperature.

Tuberous begonia, which is constantly grown in a pot, blooms longer than garden begonia - until the end of autumn. She is also sent for storage later, and the awakening comes closer to March. In order to plant potted begonia earlier, take it out into the light and warmly, start moistening the ground and spraying the air next to the plant.

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Growing tuberous begonias in the country

Among the many flower crops, begonia is perhaps the most sought after plant. This demand can be explained by the variety of varieties, colors, ease of reproduction and unpretentious care. Among the wide range, tuberous begonia stands out. Popular favorite won attention and reverent attitude not only as a houseplant, but also as a decoration of flower beds, rose gardens, gardens, verandas, terraces and arbors.

Not only a professional florist, but also a novice amateur gardener is able to grow a chic, abundantly blooming flower.

There are 3 main subgroups of tuberous begonias:

with large flowers;
with medium flowers;
with small flowers(simple, terry).

However, this is not the whole list of division of culture. Varieties and types of tuberous begonias number much larger list. Here is a photo of 10 options for the most common. One of them is the ever-blooming begonia.

Begonia tubers bought in the spring, how to save the tubers before planting in a pot or soil?

Those who want to grow in their own garden or personal plot chic begonia bushes often acquire unique specimens spring. Here it is important to know how to save the tubers before planting in a pot or soil. If you bought begonia tubers in the spring, but the heat has not yet come, and the earth has not warmed up enough, you can do the following.

First of all, the tubers should be processed special solutions, stimulating growth (Stimulus, Epin) and preventing decay (Fitolavin, Maxim). They can be bought at garden and garden stores, or you can use a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Processed tubers are placed in prepared shallow containers with a substrate of sand, peat, napkins, toilet paper. The mixture must be thoroughly moistened, arrange the tubers in rows, cover the containers with foil and clean in warm room. This procedure will allow the tubers to take root and prepare for further planting.

When to plant a tuberous begonia in a garden pot after winter?

For correct transplant flower, it is important to know when to plant a tuberous begonia in a garden pot after winter. The best option in this case would be the time after the rooting of the treated tubers. As a rule, this is February, March. How to do this was discussed above.

Well-rooted tubers get rid of old roots and dried substrate. Properly selected pot and high-quality soil will allow you to save the plant until planting in the garden. Therefore, the container is chosen not too deep and wide, about 1 liter and up to 12 cm in diameter.

When to plant begonia tubers in the ground after winter?

Fans of indoor flowers are often interested in the question of when to plant begonia tubers in the ground after winter. Here, experienced breeders unequivocally advise not to rush into planting, to wait for heat and good soil warming. Begonia is a fairly thermophilic plant, therefore the best term landing in the ground for her will be May - June.

Before planting in open ground, begonias should be hardened off. To do this, containers with tubers during the day can be placed in a shaded, cool place, and put in a warm room at night. The hardening procedure can take a month or two.

A lot of buds woke up in begonia tubers, how can a tuber be divided for reproduction

Very often, by spring, a lot of buds wake up in begonia tubers. And lovers flower culture interested in the question of how you can divide the tuber for further reproduction. It should be said right away that plants propagated in this way bloom later than ordinary begonias. It is possible to divide tubers only in 3-year-old begonias.

In order for the plant to survive this method more easily, the tuber must be prepared in 2 weeks, germinated on a moist peat substrate. Only after waiting for the appearance of 5 cm shoots, the tuber is cut into pieces along the shoots.

How to disinfect tuber incisions?

After the division procedure, gardeners are often interested in how to disinfect tuber cuts. Slices must be processed strong mortar manganese, crushed with activated or ordinary charcoal, allowed to dry and left in a peat mixture for 2 weeks for germination. Such a simple treatment is needed to avoid possible suppuration of the tuber.

How to plant a begonia tuber in a pot?

Despite the fact that begonias are unpretentious indoor plants, lovers should know how to plant a begonia tuber in a pot. Rather, it is important to understand which capacity is better to choose. Begonia roots do not grow deep, but are located in breadth, so the device must be wide enough. If there is no intention to transplant begonia in the spring in open ground, then it is better to buy a large pot, up to 3 liters.

The tuber itself with the germinated process is slightly pressed into a small depression in the soil so that the new bud is visible. The opinion that the tuber should be buried at least 5 cm deep is erroneous. Perfect fit the protruding part of the tuber is considered to be about 1 cm above the ground. As the buds grow, the soil mixture around the tuber with shoots is poured again.

How to plant a begonia tuber in the ground?

As mentioned earlier, before landing in open land begonia must be well hardened. The hardening has passed, the begonia has prepared for the upcoming landing. How to plant a begonia tuber in the ground?

To begin with, remember that begonia came to us from the distant tropics. Therefore, a flower should be transplanted into open places only in warm weather, it is better if it is the month of June. Landing on insulated balconies and loggias can be carried out earlier. Cold air and unheated earth in a garden in a flower bed will destroy an exotic beauty.

Depending on the variety, the tubers are planted at a distance of 15 by 15 cm, 20 by 20 cm, 30 by 30 cm from each other. Tubers with germinated roots are deepened 5 cm into the ground, after which they are sprinkled with ash and humus.

Which place is considered good for begonias: sun shade or partial shade?

Coming up with the design of the flower bed on garden plot it is important to know what place is considered good for begonia: sun, shade or partial shade. Begonias do not like bright direct sunlight. They burn their tender beautiful leaves. The shadow is also not good. capricious beauty. Too shaded places do not allow begonias to show flowering in all its glory. The flowers in this case are faded, small and quickly fall off. by the most good option there will be light partial shade, without direct sunlight.

Wind and tuberous begonia how to protect?

An important factor in choosing a site for begonias is correct location. Wind and tuberous begonia are incompatible things, so you need to know how to protect quite tender plant from violent impulses.

Summer thunderstorms with strong gusty winds are not uncommon. For most plants, fresh coolness is only beneficial, and powerful wind currents are not terrible. But not for tropical begonia, whose stems are so delicate and fragile that, despite the voluminous bushes, from strong winds break in an instant. To avoid this, begonia is best planted in places covered from the winds. The ideal option even for the garden, container planting still serves.

Begonia stem garter, photo

As one of the plant care measures is the garter of the begonia stem, a photo of the correct support is presented below.

Usually, indoor begonias mostly undersized. Tuberous flowers are much larger and need a garter. With proper support, the stems will not break and the flower will delight its owners abundant flowering and the beauty of the leaves for a long time.

Top dressing and watering tuberous begonias

For begonias to please long flowering you need to take good care of them. Top dressing and watering tuberous begonias in the right amount give strength to a luxurious plant. It is important to observe the proportions of mineral additives exactly according to the instructions, otherwise you can harm the flower. Tuberous begonias require a competent approach with fertilizers.

First feeding ammonium nitrate to stimulate growth and increase greenery, you can do it even when planting tubers in pots. Further, this fertilizer should not be used, since an excess of nitrogen will lead to the fact that the plant will begin to gain only green mass, but will not bloom.

The main feeding of begonias is carried out once every 2 weeks.

It is very important to bear in mind the following:

the plant itself should be located in a well-lit and ventilated room - this is necessary for better absorption of fertilizers;
a couple of hours before fertilizing, the soil must be well moistened;
begonias are fed in the evening;
fertilizers should not be allowed to come into contact with the flower itself;
observance of strict proportions.

To improve flowering, begonia is fed with complex mineral fertilizers containing potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and iron. All this composition plus additional set beneficial vitamins contained in such preparations as "Kemira Lux", "Good Force", "Begonia". In addition to those mentioned, there are many others that are no less useful and in demand.

In addition to top dressing for tuberous begonia, proper watering is very important:

the plant cannot be sprayed, otherwise, upon contact with water, the leaves will begin to turn yellow, rot;
use settled water;
in summer, water abundantly, but every other day, otherwise the plants cannot be avoided;
in winter, water only with warm water and once a week;
after watering it is recommended to loosen upper layer soil for oxygen saturation and better moisture impregnation;
as an option, you can use the method of immersing the container in a pan with water for 20 minutes;
next to the begonia, you can place a container with water to humidify the air.

Having spent some time and a little effort on caring for begonias, lovers of indoor flowers will be able to enjoy lush and long-lasting flowering for a long time.

Autumn in the life of tuberous begonias

After warm summer just like people in the life of tuberous begonias, autumn comes. Since the plant is thermophilic, gardeners need to properly prepare the begonia for wintering. With the onset of autumn, they wait for the complete death of the upper part of the plant. After that, before the onset of frost, the tubers are carefully dug up, leaving part of the earth and placed in a sand-peat mixture in a cold basement.

Alternatively, storage of tuberous begonias in the refrigerator is used. To do this, place the tubers in a bag with a substrate of needles, sawdust. Periodically, the contents of the package should be moistened.

All tuberous begonias need rest and rest. Therefore, after harvesting, the tubers should not be moved, pulled for at least 3 months.

How to save tuberous begonia in winter?

Lovers of indoor and garden plants often worried about the question of how to save begonia tuberous in winter. There is nothing difficult in this. The main thing is to dig up the tubers in time and correctly. If the plant blooms, wait for the leaves to die and the flowers to fall. The tubers are not shaken off the ground. Be sure to sort by size, cut, let dry and place in prepared pallets with a substrate of peat, sand, sawdust, needles.

Awakening begonia tuberous spring

Begonia awakens after a long winter hibernation tuberous spring. This usually happens in March - early April. Buds begin to swell on the tubers and sprouts become barely noticeable. At this moment, the begonia is placed in a warmer room, they wait for the growth of the kidneys to 5-6 cm and sit them down. individual containers. The transfer process has been discussed above. Germination of begonias can reach one month. Do not rush things, but let your pet gain strength for a new summer flowering.

Video: planting and care of tuberous begonias

Tuberous begonia from seeds, planting and care master class

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