Semicircular planer. Hand planer. Types of figure planing planers

A hand planer is a planing woodworking tool used by carpenters and joiners. It is used to give the surface of the wood the desired shape with straight lines. With the help of this tool, workpieces are processed to the required parameters, and various carpentry joints are created, such as tenon-groove and quarter sampling.

Planer design

A hand planer is a fairly simple design that consists of a block with a flat sole. It can be made of wood or metal. Handles are installed at its ends. The front is designed for gripping and holding by hand, while the back provides a comfortable grip for pushing movements. Closer to the rear handle of the tool there is a clamp in which a hard steel knife is mounted. The block has a through slot through which the knife extends.

There are both more complex, but easily customizable planer designs, as well as the simplest ones, in which a wooden wedge hammered with a hammer is used as a clamp for a knife. At correct setting similar tools have the same cutting characteristics. The main criteria that are set for planers are the sharpness of the knife and the material of manufacture. The sharpening angle of the blade is adjusted to the specific material that needs to be planed. This is due to the fact that different types of wood have different hardness.

especially important criterion is the flatness of the sole. In wooden planers, over time, it is deformed as a result of erasure. In addition, when wet, such a tool may bend, making it unsuitable for further use. Metal pads are much better in this regard, but in most cases they are made of steel, which is susceptible to corrosion. As a result of prolonged disuse of the tool, it becomes covered with a layer of rust that occurs even when in contact with moist air. As a result, workpieces get dirty during work.

A big disadvantage of metal pads is the presence of casting errors. If the sole is made helical, then it is impossible to ensure a perfectly even planing. In this regard, before buying, it is important to carefully evaluate the smoothness and evenness of the surface of the sole, so as not to purchase a bad tool. In case of wooden planers the presence of sole defects can be solved by working.

Varieties of planers

It is worth noting that a hand planer, unlike the vast majority of other carpentry tools, has many varieties. The design of each modification is tailored to perform specialized tasks. There is no completely universal design that will allow you to do any job. In total, it divides 2 groups of planes:

• Direct planing.
• Figure planing.

Hand planer

The category of flat planers includes:

• Single.
• Double.
• Sherhebeli.
• Sanders.
• Jointers.
• Tsinubeli.
• Peeling.

Single hand planer designed to level the surface of the wood to obtain an ideal plane. It provides a straight blade with a slightly rounded edge. Due to the absence of sharp corners, there are no grooves at the ends of the working surface of the blade when moving on the workpiece. Such a tool allows you to correct rough processing after a saw or an ax.

Double has a similar design with a single one, but is equipped with an additional knife that breaks chips. It is applied for final alignment and allows you to achieve more smooth surface, which practically does not need rubbing with sandpaper.

Sherhebeli have rounded blades that are set at an angle of 45 degrees to the side of the sole. The oval edge allows planing across the grain. Also, the features of this tool include a fairly wide gap for chip removal, which, depending on the modification, is 3-5 mm. Such a tool is excellent for rough processing. It provides fast chip removal, but the resulting surface will have roughness and notches that require additional processing.

Sanders are planers in which the blade is located at an angle of 50 degrees. Such a tool is equipped with a double blade, as well as a chipbreaker. When removing wood, a very high-quality smooth surface is created, which does not need additional refinement. Sanders are usually used after the workpiece is processed with coarser tools. The task of such planers is to bring them to a perfectly smooth surface.

Jointer is a finishing tool that is used for removing chips on large surfaces. It is characterized by a long block, so it effectively removes the protruding parts of the wood, while bypassing the recesses. In fact, the longer the jointer, the more perfect results can be calculated after completion of work. Jointer is the most common type of planer that can be found in any workshop where professional processing wood.

Tsinubeli have a single serrated knife, which, unlike conventional tool creates a corrugated surface, usually used for gluing workpieces. By simply preparing two pieces of wood with a cynubel, you can increase the direct contact area when fitting. This increases the bonding strength. From an aesthetic point of view, the furrows created are not particularly attractive, so this tool is not used for other purposes.

Peeling a manual planer is a completely distinctive design from the classic one. Its sole is a metal grater. The tool does not have a knife. It is used exclusively for leveling the ends of drywall. Such a grater allows you to correct defects that were made during cutting drywall sheets before assembling them into various designs.

Shape planers

This category of tool is intended for creating grooves, as well as processing protrusions and edges. With development electric tool and the advent manual routers such an instrument has faded into the background, but is still found in workshops.

Curly planers include:

• Zenzubel.
• Kantenhobel.
• Dowels.
• Federgubeli.
• Kalevki.
• Falzgebels.
• Shtapy.

Zenzubel is a narrow plane with which you can choose a quarter. Also, due to its narrow dimensions, you can remove the end of the workpieces to get a groove. There are various modifications of this tool, designed to work with wood along and across the fibers. In most cases, this tool is chosen for finishing on an already formed rough surface.

Kantenhobel- This is a fairly compact hand planer, which is used for chamfering. With its help, the ends are processed, giving them a more pleasant surface. This tool has a trapezoidal blade. Usually a kantenhobel has one cutting knife, but there may be two. The cutting edge is located at an angle to the side surface of the sole. With the help of such a tool, finishing is carried out, which requires a minimum correction with a sandpaper or file.

sheet pile- This is a specialized manual planer, with which a groove is selected. The tool is easily recognizable thanks to the double sole. One block serves to guide the trajectory of movement, and with the help of the second, the blade is attached. Such a planer can be adjusted by changing the distance between the two blocks, thereby adjusting the distance to the edge being processed.

Federgubel- This is an end tool with which the longitudinal protrusions of the workpieces are processed. He has special form center lift blades. As a result of processing the end of the board, a longitudinal tenon can be obtained, which is used for gluing with another part, in which a groove of the same size has been previously made.

Mold one of the most unusual planers, which allows for curly processing of workpieces. It is used for the production of cornices, as well as baguettes and decoration doorways. The sole of the peck has a stepped shape, which is transferred to the workpiece in a mirror image.

Falzgebel- this is also a highly specialized planer, with which you can form a strip along the edge of the workpiece, without preliminary marking. The Falzgebel has a similar sole to the kalevka.

Shtap- This is a small hand planer designed for rounding edges. Its blade has a semi-rounded recess. In addition, you can recognize such a tool by its concave sole. This design soles and knife allows you to do with the ends rounded shape.

Planer setting

Planer adjustment consists in adjusting the height of the exit of the blade tip through the sole. The more protruding the cutting edge, the thicker the chips removed and the lower the quality of the resulting surface. If the blade exit is insufficient, the chips are removed too thin, so the processing takes a long time. In the event that an excessively large gap is set, the wood fibers of the workpiece may be damaged, resulting in chipping, especially if the knife is not sharp enough.

The amount of knife output differs depending on the modification of the planer. If rough processing is necessary, then the overhang is set at 0.5 mm. If the finishing tool is adjusted, this value decreases.

In order to extend the knife, it is necessary to loosen the mount and hammer it down a little with a mallet or press down with your fingers. In this case, it should be borne in mind that in case of excessive exit of the cutting edge from the side of the sole, it is impossible to return it by hitting the sharp part, since this will damage the sharpening. In this case, you will need to fully release the adjusting screw and pull the blade back.

It is difficult to imagine carpentry work without the use of special tools, this purpose is served by a planer, sherhebel, jointer and other specialized devices. Each of them performs its own tasks. It is impossible to manage carpentry work only with a planer.

All types of planers for rough and fine woodworking

Different types of planers are used for various types of wood processing. Most often used for carpentry:

Pioneer for wood billet

Scherhebel is a real "heavy artillery" among carpentry tools. It is used for planing wood that has not previously undergone any processing. When planing with a sherhebel, only the necessary shape and dimensions of the workpiece are achieved, but to achieve a smooth, flat surface will not work. For this purpose, other types of planers are used.

With the help of a sherhebel, only rough processing of the wood surface is performed. Unlike a planer, it allows you to plan to a greater depth, easily cutting off even significant irregularities. The design of the tool, outwardly resembling a conventional planer, has its own characteristics that make it easier to perform rough processing of a wooden surface. Unlike other tools, the sherhebel iron has a rounded blade and is set at an angle of 45 ° to the sole. The sharpening angle may vary depending on the hardness of the wood being processed.

For planing soft rocks, a sharpening angle of 25-30 ° is sufficient, for processing hard rock The blade is sharpened at an angle of 35°.

AT standard design Scherhebel blade (iron) has a width of 35 mm. Sizes may vary on some models. The width of the pad is larger than the blade size by about 15 mm. The chip hole in the sherhebel is larger than in the planer, about 3-5 mm. As noted above, rough wood processing does not allow to achieve a flat, smooth surface. The blade will leave groove-like marks on the wood. To eliminate them, a planer is used, finishing carried out by a jointer.

How is a wooden and metal sherhebel arranged?

The sherhebel block can be made of wood or metal. Depending on the material of manufacture of the pad, the design of the tool will vary slightly. Wooden sherhebels are produced in accordance with GOST 14666-79. In accordance with the standard, their design includes a rectangular body, horns for resting hands during work, a knife, a clamping wedge for the blade, a sole, a cork. The design of some models may additionally include a stop for the blade. The surface of the wooden elements in the construction of the sherhebel is varnished, which provides wear resistance and an increase in the service life of the tool.

In accordance with GOST, the following materials are used for the manufacture of sherhebels:

• block - made of hardwood;
• sole (according to GOST 2695-83) made of hornbeam, maple, ash, beech, white acacia;
• pad pad - from the above wood species, as well as birch, elm;
• knives are made of double-layer steel. The main layer according to GOST 1050-88 from steel grade 30, or according to GOST 1435-99 from steel grades U8, U8A, U9. For the cladding layer, steel grades 9KhF, 9Kh5VF, Kh6VF, 9KhS are used (in accordance with GOST 5950-2000). It is also acceptable to use other steels that correspond in terms of resistance to the grades listed above.

In the metal version, the body is cast. The handle-horn is tightly fixed in it. To support the carpenter's hands during work, a large handle is installed. The knife is fixed with a screw connection between the clamp and the base of the body. Unlike wooden models, metal ones are more wear resistant. However, craftsmen prefer to use wood carpentry tools as they provide the best quality processing.

How to use the tool correctly?

The use of sherhebel is rough planing of wood. During this operation, chips are removed from the workpiece by means of reciprocating movements of the plow. A tool in a metal case processes hardwood or chipboard blanks. Experts advise performing the main work on wood processing with tools in wooden case, as they provide better sliding on the surface of the workpiece.

The design of the sherhebel is distinguished by the presence of a rounded blade, which allows you to remove significant unevenness from the surface of the workpiece. ty. In this way, wood is prepared for further processing and fine leveling. Unlike carpentry planers, sherhebels have big sizes. They are massive and heavy.

To provide quality processing workpieces must be carefully fixed. The best way to do this is with carpentry workbench. In the absence of such an opportunity, you can use a regular table to which the workpiece is attached with clamps. The place of processing should be located as close as possible to the vise. During operation, smooth, even, reciprocating movements are performed. The force is applied while the tool is moving forward. The return movement allows you to return the tool to its original position, so it is always performed passively, without effort.

If the blade of a planer is dull...

Not only the workpiece should be prepared for work, but also the tools and fixtures used. The knife must be sharpened at the required angle (depending on the hardness of the wood being processed). The position of the knife in the body of the carpentry tool must be carefully adjusted. sharpening cutting blade carried out on a bar fixed on a workbench or table. It is necessary to draw along the bar with the lower edge of the knife (bevel). The pressure is applied when moving away from you, while the chamfer should be completely adjacent to the stone.

You can not change the angle of sharpening, as the chamfer will acquire an uneven width, it may become humpbacked. Planing done with an improperly sharpened knife will be of poor quality. During sharpening, burrs form on the surface of the chamfer, which are easily felt by touch. To eliminate them, the knife is turned over with its front side and moved along the surface of the stone with light straight and circular movements. After that, the burr is formed from the chamfer side. The knife is turned over.

Work continues until the burrs are gone on both sides. The last step in sharpening is straightening the blade on a whetstone moistened with water. Processing is carried out in a circular motion. First, the chamfer is corrected, then the front part. When sharpening, distortions of the cutting surface should not be allowed. The appearance of such a defect on the knife leads to a deterioration in the quality of planing, crushing of chips, clogging of the gap between the knife and the block. If a distortion is detected, it must be immediately eliminated by grinding off the high part and leveling the surface.

A hand planer is a woodworking tool that has long been used for planing. To this day, he does not lose popularity in private workshops. With this device, you can give the wooden surface the desired roughness, flatness, straightness or shape, reducing the size of the parts. A planer is also used for making extended grooves, which may have different shape, - it can be sheet piles or quarters.

Description

The hand planer is no longer so popular today, it is being replaced by tools that are powered by electricity and can meet the needs of mass production. Today everyone is in charge automated lines. However, if you want to make a stool or chair in your garage, then you can think of the good old planer.

Its main parts are:

• piece of iron (knife);
• wedge;
• block.

Depending on the equipment, purpose and size of additional devices, the planer can be divided into many types and subspecies. Mechanical planers are made of metal, plastic, and a combination of these materials. In terms of functionality, they are almost the same, but specifications depend on the material that forms the basis of the case.

Electric models are supplemented with an engine that provides a more impressive amount of work. With this tool, you can achieve high speed wood processing. One of the most popular household woodworking tools today are wooden planers.

The main types of planers and their purpose

A hand planer can be classified according to the type of planing: it can be profiled or flat. These tools are also divided according to the profile, the size of the pads and the angle of the knife. Among other varieties, one can single out a sherhebel, which is a tool for rough planing. It has a flat sole pad and has rounded cutter blades.

If you have a device with two handles and an elongated body, then this is a bear. It has the appearance of a single or double planer, which is intended for rough planing. Additionally, the tool is supplied with a chip breaker.

A manual planer can be represented by a semi-joiner or a jointer, the difference of which is a long large block. It is intended for fine planing, fitting parts, planing of large planes, during which a ruler is used.

If extra-clean planing is required, a sander is used, which has double knife. It has a chipbreaker in its design, and the double knife is set at an impressive angle, which is 50° instead of 45°. To create small tracks on the surface, a cynubel is used, after processing with which the parts can be glued together.

To select quarters, a selector is used, which is also called a zenzubel. For stripping quarters, a false heel is used, while a sheet pile can be used to select a sheet pile. The scraping of surfaces is carried out using a tool of the same name, and the operation is a finish before applying primers. As distinguishing feature of these works is the absence of abrasive particles that remain inside the wood during grinding.

However, scraping has a drawback, which is expressed in the excessive complexity of the operation. The advantage can be called a flat surface and fineness of the chips. To process curly edges, a moulder is used, while an American or a hunchback has a curvilinear block. It is used for curved surfaces, which can be concave or convex.

To give the details a rounded shape, a headstock is used. The knife edge of this tool has a concave shape, while the fillets are convex.

Additional types

A screw is narrower than a sherhebel. It is intended for surface treatment at the initial stage. This planer has an iron cutter that is not straight. It has a rounded shape, so when planing it is possible to obtain long grooves.

To form a trapezoidal phase, a primer is used. With this tool, wood is processed across the grain. The design of the tool has pads and cutters that look like a pointed hook.

A more detailed description of the sherhebel

If we consider carpentry tool more carefully, you can pay attention to the features of the sherhebel. It represents heavy artillery among a variety of similar devices. It is used when planing material that has not been processed before. This device is quite heavy and massive, as it has a metal case.

Its main purpose is primary processing, after which the products acquire the desired shape and size. This is used for planing to an impressive depth, when it is necessary to remove quite thick layer wood. With the help of a sherhebel, it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve a flat and smooth surface. For this, other types of planers are used. By appearance its design resembles an ordinary planer, but the piece of iron in it is set at an angle of 45 ° and has rounded blades.

Processing features

In one pass, using the described tool, you can remove a layer of up to 3 mm. In those places where the wood was processed, rather deep hollows remain, so they have to be leveled in the future. Scherhebel has an oval-shaped cutting edge, so it can be used to process wood across the grain. The sharpening angle may vary, depending on the hardness of the wood.

Description of the professional planer brand Groz 39701

This planer (manual professional) is a fairly popular model. It has a length of 260 mm and a weight of 1.7 kg. The cutting width is 50 mm. The tool has high quality, has a strong a solid foundation, which is made of gray cast iron. Tool steel forms the basis of the blade, which is removed and has a long service life.

The hardness of the material is equal to the limit of 50-60HRC, it contains a high amount of chromium. The tool has been ground for predictable, consistent and sharp results and is manufactured with the utmost precision. This planer for wood (manual), according to consumers, has only one drawback, which is that when it hits a nail, the blade suffers significantly.

Description of the Zubr brand mini-planer

If you are interested in a manual mini-planer, then you can consider the Zubr model, the body of which is made of high-quality gray cast iron. The blade is made of steel grade U8A and corresponds to state standards. It provides the possibility of repeated finishing of the working surface. This manual planer, the price of which is 970 rubles, has plastic at the base of the handle. The length of the sole is 250 mm while the width is 50 mm.

Conclusion

You can purchase a knife for a manual planer additionally, its cost is 198 rubles. But when choosing the main device, you need to pay attention to the presence of a chipbreaker, which is also called a humpback. Its lower edge is parallel to cutting edge knife. The distance between these elements can vary from 0.2 to 2 mm. The closer the bottom edge is, the wider the planing.

When choosing a tool, you must also consider what stage of wood processing it is intended for. For example, a double planer is used for finishing - it can be used to clean out scuffs. If you direct the double planer at an angle of 40 ° to the longitudinal axis, then with the help of the tool it will be possible to plan the ends of the workpieces.

Needless to say, how important a working tool is for any craftsman. From its quality, richness and variety functionality depends on the result of all the efforts of the employee.

One of the most famous and traditionally demanded woodworking tools is a planer. Despite its apparent simplicity, it can do a lot. However, not all home craftsmen know about this property today. Therefore, the answer to the question of how to make a plane as much as possible active agent for achievement top quality performance of work, should probably be of interest to every potential carpenter.

Planer and its varieties

The hand tool belongs to the class of planing devices. The main purpose of the most commonly used planers is to create a given flat-rectilinear relief on wooden surfaces. In addition, they are used to uniformly reduce the size wooden parts by gradually cutting the layers of wood.

A standard tool for cleaning planes and edges usually has a length of 20-25 cm. If earlier it was almost always made of wood, today there are many metal analogues.

Modern planers differ from older types as increased strength and the option of regulation for certain operations, as well as the ability to equip them with single or double knives.

However, the main thing is that over the many centuries of evolution of this tool, carpenters, endowing it with new and new features and modifying the design, have found for their faithful assistant a lot of very different and promising additional features. Which was expressed in a wide variety of types and modifications of the planer.

Thus, the following main modifications are known today:

• jointer;
• end planer;
• zenzubel;
• tongue and groove;
• Falzgebel;
• doborny planer.

There is also a large group of planers, which are distinguished by the type of planing of wood and their operating parameters.

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Hand jointer

Jointer device.

Jointer (semi-joiner) is a manual planer for leveling surfaces by planing wooden planes enough large area and for fitting various parts. With its help, fine planing is also carried out.

This is facilitated by a significant length of the jointer block and a double cutter. A handle is mounted on the block behind the knife, there is a plug in front, with the help of which the fastening force of the working cutter is regulated.

The principle of operation of the jointer is based on the fact that, during the first pass over a wooden surface, it forms chips, which consist of individual wood fragments. The final evenness of the machined plane is formed during the second pass, as evidenced by the appearance of continuous chips.

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end planer

As can be seen from the name of this carpentry tool, it is intended for clean finishing planing of the ends of wood blanks. small wooden surfaces and side cuts of parts are finished clean due to the presence of a specially beveled (at an angle of 21º) cutter. In the end model, you can also use interchangeable knives.

You can adjust the saw cut depth by adjusting the cutter extension, which is performed using a special roller. The design of this type of planers is based on a stamped base, the width of the working part of which reaches 40 mm. In this case, the base of the tool and its monolithic sidewalls are located perpendicular to each other.

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Groove grooving tool

This planer has a second, Russian, name - a selector. This name is not accidental, since its main functional purpose- sampling with subsequent cleaning of slices, quarters, folds, grooves having a rectangular cross section.

The specified effect is achieved by setting the zener cutter at a right angle to the narrow block of the base and a special cutter configuration. It looks like a small blade rectangular shape with 3 cutting edges: main (central) and 2 side edges.

In order to use a planer of this modification, you must have some experience with such a tool and knowledge of the technique for producing relief elements of wood blanks. Before using the zenzubel, quarters are marked on the workpiece with a thickness gauge, after which they are carefully carried out with a planer along the marked line. At this point, the first chip is removed, resulting in a small ledge. Further, it is possible to choose grooves, again passing along the ledge, much more confidently and quickly.

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This tool has other names - paznik, road builder. With it on the surface wooden blank sheet piles are selected - special narrow grooves that are located at a strictly specified distance from the edge of the workpiece. These grooves in woodworking are used to securely connect various parts of wood structures.

With a planer of this modification, it is possible to produce sheet piles up to 12 mm deep and 2-10 mm wide. A fairly wide range of tongue depths is achieved with the help of an adjusting device, with which a worker can change the degree of immersion of the cutter into the wood thickness. The paznik knife itself has a semicircular cross section.

An additional metal block acts as a guide, with the help of which the strict parallelism of the groove relative to the edge of the workpiece is maintained. Thanks to this design, the tongues can be placed at a distance of up to 100 mm from the edge of the wooden product.

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Stepped Falzgebel

This plane is used for sampling and stripping folds (quarters). It is used most often in cases where it is necessary to make long grooves along the edges of wood surfaces, intended for the subsequent insertion of glasses into window frames or in furniture shelves under glazing.

From the zenzubel mentioned above, which also makes longitudinal grooves, the false hebel differs in a wider sole, which has a stepped structure. This circumstance allows using this tool to select folds of the same size.

For sampling quarters different profiles and dimensions, removable stepped soles are used. The ability to cut the vertical wall of the quarter gives additional installation special knife on the side of the folded edge.

A handmade wooden planer is one of the main tools of a carpenter. Its form and the principle of working with it, despite all the technical improvements, have not actually changed over the years.

The main thing for the planer and its work is the accuracy of the knife setting and the correct movement of the planer over the surface to be treated. Such work will be evidenced by freely emerging chips from the slot in the block. And then the whole process of planing will give you pleasure, and not turn into torment.

Having examined many photos of a manual planer on the Internet, you can see that it consists of the following elements: tap hole, cutter, wedge, cutting depth regulator, horn, chipbreaker, stop and frog.

Preparing the planer for work

The knife is clamped in the vise of the workbench and the chipbreaker is exposed, and then tightened with a screw to fix it in this position. And after wedging, the chipbreaker is fixed due to its self-springiness. Next, install the knife in the tool entrance and tighten the wedge in the guides by hand.

To determine the correctness of the knife setting, turn the planer over, compare the parallelism of the surfaces of the blade and the sole. If you notice that it is necessary to adjust the knife, then release the wedge and set the knife in the desired position and then fix it again.

During planing with a knife, the thickness of the chips removed must be uniform. To ensure this, it is necessary to adjust the planer with a chipbreaker. The function of the chipbreaker can be understood from its name, and it should fit snugly against the blade and be located 1-2 mm above it.

Next, a knife with a chipbreaker attached to it earlier is installed in a block in the notch and wedged a little. After that, using a hammer, carefully tap the knife so that its tip is parallel to the sole with a small protrusion. Only then the knife is fixed with a wedge using a cam or screw mechanism.

For correct operation with a planer, it is necessary that the master is on the side of the workpiece. This will allow him to correctly and without special efforts make translational movements with a planer along the workpiece.

In order to avoid tipping during planing, it is necessary to press down on its front handle at the beginning of the movement, and towards the end - on the back.

precision planer

In modern specimens of metal planers with a block, the knife is most often fixed with a screw. And the second screw of the planer adjusts, with an accuracy of 10 micrometers, the thickness of the chip removal.

They are also equipped with a knife inclination regulator, which makes it possible to adjust the setting of the knife blade with one movement of the lever.

edge burning

The key to success when gouging edges is the uniform pressure on the tool over its entire plane. It is also recommended to prevent chip breakage during gouging by moving the planer along the wood fibers.

If you come across a workpiece with an inhomogeneous or fine structure (such as the root part), then we recommend using especially sharp knives for a hand planer and continuously rotate the workpiece during planing.

It is easier to plan a narrow edge by applying several of these thin boards at a time. Due to this, the surface of the planer support will increase, and it will be easier to control the correct position of the planer relative to the surface being processed. Indeed, in the case when the planer moves away from the parallel with the surface to be treated, the edge will turn out to be rounded.

• If it is necessary to remove chips greater thickness use a sherhebel.
• The end of the woodworking is easier to plan when the planer is located at an angle to its faces.
• Attaching with a clamp to the edges of the workpiece wooden elements you will eliminate the appearance of chips.
• Constantly check the surface with steel squares.
• For processing long workpieces, use a jointer. They can plan even against the fibers.

Planing faces

To get rid of roughness on a flat surface, processing with a grinder with a jointer is enough. A grinder, a planer with an inclination of the knife up to 60, is designed for finishing wood.

To get rid of large irregularities, it is necessary to use a sherhebel. Such a tool is equipped with a narrow convex cutter with an oval-shaped blade. It can cut chips up to 3mm thick in one pass. After processing with a sherhebel, the face must be treated with a grinder and jointer for a fine finish.

End trimming

To clean the ends, it is necessary to carry out the planer “away from you”, with short pushes. Thanks to this principle of processing, the wood fibers will be cut across and less effort will be required.

To avoid chips along the edges, they must be chamfered in advance. And also the best option there will be processing first from one end to the middle, and then from the other end to the middle.

The blade deteriorates no longer even during operation, but during its interaction with other objects, during its non-use. During breaks, it is necessary to lay the planer not on the blade, but sideways. For long-term storage or during transportation, the knife must be pushed into the inside of the block.

Planer selection

With all of the above in mind, the type of planer you need depends on your goals:

• sherhebel is designed for rough planing with the possibility of removing chips of large thickness;
• jointer - for fine planing of long workpieces;
• grinder - for especially clean planing.

Photo of a hand planer