Yew pointed nana. Yew pointed (yew Far East): photo, varieties, description. Types of yew and his photo
Taxus cuspidata Siebold et Zucc. - one of the most original and rare conifers Far Eastern forests.
At present, the yew spiky and junipers play a large phytocenotic role in the composition of the vegetation of Southeast Asia; in Japan they form vertical belts. Some types of juniper are common in the Caucasus, but some have adapted to growing in Siberia and the Urals. Yew in Primorye had great importance in tertiary forests. In the Quaternary, due to cooling, its range here has significantly decreased. At the same time, the yew died out in the vast expanses of Siberia and of Eastern Europe. Some species of juniper survived there and became part of the undergrowth of spruce and pine forests. In the fossil state, yew is known in the early Upper Cretaceous deposits (Krishtofovich, 1958).
The range of the Far Eastern species of yew - yew spiky covers the entire Sikhote-Alin, the eastern slopes of the ridge. Tien-Boshan, peninsula Korea, the southern half of about. Sakhalin, southern Kuriles, Japan. Yew grows mainly in the belt of coniferous-deciduous forests between 100-150 and 800-900 m abs. high, occasionally found above 1000 m (for example, at the source of the Khora River); here it takes on a shrub form and is part of the undergrowth (Kolesnikov, 1935; Vasiliev and Kurentsova, 1960). On about. Khondo yew is indicated in the pine belt at an altitude of up to 2000 m and in the belt of spruce-fir forests at an altitude of 1600-2300 m (Trees and shrubs of the USSR, 1949). Yew, as a rule, does not form independent plantations in Primorye. The exception is some islands off the coast of Primorsky Krai, for example, about. Petrov. Yew as a single admixture in the lower tree layer is part of many types of coniferous-deciduous forests with a predominance of whole-leaved fir, Korean cedar and with the participation of Ayan spruce. It is much less common in pure spruce forests. It grows on slopes of various exposures and steepness, on powerful and even skeletal soils. It was not necessary to meet him only on waterlogged soils in the valleys of rivers and streams. This confirms that the yew is not biologically related to any particular formation and is older than any of them. Since the general range of the yew is quite wide and covers various habitats, one can speak of relative plasticity, and, consequently, high degree its vitality, but only under certain conditions.
Yew grows slowly: at the age of 30 years, it barely reaches 1 - 1.2 m. Annual growth does not exceed 3-4 cm. Renewal on the mainland is extremely rare and mainly in the form of one- and two-year specimens. The reason for this lies not in the fact that the yew bears little fruit or produces immature seeds, but in the fact that the latter, although plentiful, are often eaten en masse by certain species of birds and small rodents. Young yew trees are usually bitten by ungulates. This is confirmed by the presence of a very abundant undergrowth of yew on the islands, especially on about. Petrov, where there are no ungulates, there are fewer birds and rodents. However, some bird species even contribute to the dispersal of yew seeds. It should also be noted that the biological and morphological features of this breed change significantly on small islands. So, for example, on the islands of Petrov, Bolshoy Pelis, Naumov and others, located not far from the coast of the mainland, yew is found of various ages and sizes, does not exceed the trees and shrubs surrounding it. On windy slopes, it spreads, forming an impenetrable thicket. The height, shape of the trunk and crown of the yew on the same island vary greatly and depend on the specific conditions and the surrounding vegetation. A characteristic feature of the biology of the yew on the islands is vegetative reproduction absent on the mainland. Its branches, pressed to the soil, gradually take root and give new vertical trees.
The yew is especially abundant on about. Petrov, which is located in the Sea of Japan somewhat south of the Preobrazheniya Bay, 600-700 m from the coast. The area of the island is within 30 hectares, the height above sea level is about 100 m. The western slope of the island is relatively gentle (from 10-12 to 22-25 °), its plume, several tens of meters wide, rises 3-5 m above the large-stony surf strip The rest of the slopes are rocky, dropping off to the sea. Along the edge of the plume are yew, Amur linden, Ruprecht's honeysuckle - Lonicera ruprechtiana Rgl., Manchurian apple tree - Mains manshurica (Maxim.) Kom. and some other rocks have a creeping shape and form an impenetrable thicket. On deep soils of a relatively flat surface at the foot of the slope, an almost pure plantation of yew is developed, occupying an area of about 1 ha. On a site of 400 m2 grew: yew 25 trees, Amur linden 2, green maple 1, Manchurian ash 1, large Amur grape lianas 6. The plantation is single-tier, tree height 6-7 m, trunk diameter from 16 to 24-30 cm, one tree lindens had a diameter of about 100 cm. Canopy closure 0.9. Yew crowns are wide, start at a height of 1.5-1.8 m, the trunks are straight, healthy. Undergrowth and seedlings of all tree species are absent. The undergrowth and cover are very sparse, and the soil surface is almost free of plants. Only in some places are single specimens of Ruprecht's honeysuckle, pale-flowered currant - Ribes pallidiflorum Pojark., prickly eleutherococcus - Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim., aralia - Aralia mandshurica Rupr. et Maxim., and from herbs - wild garlic - Allium victorialis L., spear-shaped cacao - Cacalia hastata L., flax-flowered cyanosis - Polemonium liniflorum V. Vassil., broad-leaved mint - Majanthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Neb. et Macbr.
The western slope of the island itself is covered with a fairly good, polydominant broad-leaved forest of the South Ussuri type of maples, Amur linden, heart-leaved hornbeam, seven-lobed kaloianax, Maksimovich cherry - Cerasus maximoviczii Koehne and Sakhalin - С. sachalinensis (Fr. Schmidt) Kom., a single cedar and very abundant yew. The latter is part of the 2nd tier of the plantation; there is also a healthy undergrowth of different ages. On a site measuring 2 X 50 m of yew, it turned out: 10 cm high - 63 specimens, 25 cm - 41, 50 cm - 6, 100 cm - 1, 150 cm - 20, 200 cm - 12, 3 m - 6, 5 m - 6, 10-15 m - 10; only 165 copies. The age of the model tree, 62 cm high, with a stem diameter at the root neck of 1.5 cm, is 30 years. Interestingly, the number of branch whorls coincided with the number of annual rings. The average annual growth did not exceed 3 cm, shoot previous year not yet completely lignified, it was green, soft. This indicates relatively southern nature yew. The root system is superficial, the length of the longest of the roots turned out to be 54 cm, i.e., almost equal to the height of the trunk. The needles survived until the 9th (from top to bottom) annual shoot, below it was absent. Near the crest, the role of Mongolian oak and Korean cedar increases, and yew is less common. There were 27 yew plants per 100 m2, of which 100 cm high - 1, 50 cm - 5, 25 cm-12 and 10 cm -9.
Interesting is the growth of yew on small islands in Peter the Great Bay (Fig. 9). common feature their vegetation cover is the absence of conifers, except for yew, and an abundance of broad-leaved: Amur linden, heart-leaved hornbeam, maples, Sakhalin cherry, ash-leaved, Manchurian apple, Ruprecht's honeysuckle, Ussuri buckthorn - Rhamnus ussuriensis Ja. Vassil., Amur barberry - Berberis amurensis Rupr. The latter, together with the yew, form an impenetrable thicket in the lower parts of the slopes adjacent to the surf. On the central parts of the slopes, especially with their somewhat concave profile, park plantings are typical.
Yew is the most abundant on about. Naumov, where it grows both as straight trees of seed origin, and in a creeping form. On other islands, the latter prevails (Fig. 10). On the lower part of the slope of the island, yew plays the role of undergrowth, forming large, dense groups of vegetative origin. Most of its lower branches (their maximum length is up to 4.5 m) have vertical shoots. Counting yews on 4 sites 2 X 50 m each showed that 30 similar yew trees grew on them. Their height is 0.3-2 m, they are in good condition. In the upper part of the slope, as well as on about. Petrov, the yew is less abundant, there were only 27 of its trees, mostly of seed origin, the trunks of many of them are curved.
Based on our own research, acquaintance with literary and forest management materials, we can say that although the yew is one of the oldest representatives of the flora and has genetic connections with more southern floras, ecologically it is quite plastic under the conditions of Primorye. It is able to adapt, under adverse conditions, changes its biology, acquires a creeping form. On the islands, yew forms not only generative organs, but also reproduces vegetatively.
The main factor determining the growth of yew in the conditions of Primorye is climatic: relatively high humidity air and shading at a certain thermal mode. Therefore, on the mainland, it grows only under the canopy of mixed forests, does not occur in lighter deciduous plantations, and falls on cutting areas and burnt areas. On the islands, where it is much wetter, it successfully grows and intensively reproduces not only under the canopy of hardwoods, vegetatively, but even near the surf, where it can be one of the main species. As a protection against strong winds yew here forms a wind form, in which the crown is pressed against the surface of the soil.
In culture in the Far East, the spiky yew is known in the Botanical Garden of the Far Eastern Branch of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences (near Vladivostok), in the arboretum of Khabarovsk, and is very common in southern Sakhalin. AT botanical garden planting yew at the age of 3-4 years of satisfactory condition. The annual growth, as in nature, is no more than 3-4 cm. In Khabarovsk, yew has been growing since 1934, bears fruit, its height is slightly more than 2 m, the trunk diameter is within 16 cm.
In the past, the phytocenotic role of the yew in the forests of Primorye and the Amur region, apparently, was greater than at present (V.N. Vasiliev, 1958). It is quite possible that in the Tertiary, the yew formed altitudinal belts of vegetation here, as is now observed in the southeast of Asia. The decrease in its role in our forests was caused by the cooling of the climate in the quarter and especially by the negative impact of secondary factors. Under the influence of the latter, especially forest fires and unregulated logging, the local range of this breed continues to decline steadily. Instead of that practical value the yew tree is very large; its wood is exceptionally strong and beautiful; it replaces the well-known "mahogany" of the southern latitudes. Fruits and needles contain alkaloids, in general, the tree is very decorative, so effective measures are needed to protect the yew from extermination.
Relic plants of Primorye. Kurentsova G. E. 1968. Ed. "Science", Leningrad. otd., L. 1-72.
Two types of yew grow in the forests of Russia, of which only the pointed yew (Japanese), also called the Far East, grows in the Far East. It is found in the forests of Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, on Sakhalin and on Kuril Islands. To the north, within the Khabarovsk Territory, the yew reaches the area of \u200b\u200bLake. Kizi, and along the sea coast reaches the Tatar Strait. On Sakhalin, it occurs along the western coast of the island from its southern tip to 51°N. sh.
In the south of Primorye, yew trees reach a height of 15, occasionally - 20 m and in diameter - up to 1 m. As they move north, they become smaller. So, in the basins of the Bikin and Khora rivers, they are only occasionally found 10–12 m high, but usually they are no higher than 6–8 m and about 20–30 cm in diameter. 
or even dwarf form.
The trunks are discordant, butted and strongly tapered, with longitudinal depressions and ribbed protrusions on the surface. The branches begin low, are whorled, but there are also inter-whorls. The bark is red-brown, thin, slightly flaky with thin plates. The crowns are dense, often irregular shape, wide-spread, with a pointed apex. The needles are solitary, flat, soft, reminiscent of fir, but more fleshy, dark green above, lighter below, 17-25 mm long and 2.5-3 mm wide, pointed at the ends, sitting on the shoot comb; keeps on branches 4-6 years.
Trees are dioecious. Male "inflorescences" in the form of small spherical bunches sit in the axils of the leaves.
Pollen without flying sacs. Female "flowers" in the form of greenish buds sitting in the axils of yew needles. Pollination occurs with the help of wind. Yew spiky blooms in late April or the first half of May. Seeds ripen in the second half of September in the year of flowering. The “fruit” is berry-like (“cone-berry”), one-seeded. The seed is a nutlet with a hard shell, ovoid, about 7 mm long, about 5 mm in diameter, almost 2/3 immersed in a juicy cup-shaped seed box, from which the bare pointed top of a light brown nut is visible. Seedlings in a mature state are red, edible. The seeds are spread by birds.
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Grape
In gardens and home gardens, you can choose a warmer place for planting grapes, for example, on the sunny side of the house, garden pavilion, veranda. It is recommended to plant grapes along the border of the site. The vines formed in one line will not take up much space and at the same time will be well lit from all sides. Near buildings, grapes should be placed so that water flowing from the roofs does not fall on it. On level ground it is necessary to make ridges with good stock through waterways. Some gardeners, following the experience of their colleagues in the western regions of the country, dig deep planting holes and fill them with organic fertilizers and fertilized soil. Pits dug in waterproof clay are a kind of closed vessel that fills with water during the monsoon rains. AT fertile land The root system of grapes develops well at first, but as soon as waterlogging begins, it suffocates. Deep pits can play a positive role in soils where good natural drainage is provided, the subsoil is permeable, or reclamation artificial drainage is possible. planting grapes
You can quickly restore an obsolete grape bush by layering (“katavlak”). To this end, healthy vines of a neighboring bush are placed in grooves dug to the place where the dead bush used to grow, and sprinkled with earth. The top is brought to the surface, from which a new bush then grows. Lignified vines are laid on layering in spring, and green ones in July. From mother bush they are not separated for two or three years. Frozen or very old bush can be restored by short pruning to healthy above-ground parts or pruning to the "black head" of the underground trunk. In the latter case, the underground trunk is freed from the ground and completely cut down. Not far from the surface, new shoots grow from dormant buds, due to which a new bush is formed. Grape bushes that have been neglected and severely damaged by frost are restored due to stronger fatty shoots formed in the lower part of the old wood and the removal of weakened sleeves. But before removing the sleeve, they form a replacement for it. Grape care
A gardener starting to grow grapes should study the structure well. vine and biology of this most interesting plant. Grapes belong to liana (climbing) plants, it needs support. But it can creep along the ground and take root, as is observed in Amur grapes in a wild state. The roots and the aerial part of the stem grow rapidly, branch strongly and reach large sizes. Under natural conditions, without human intervention, a branched grape bush grows with many vines of various orders, which comes into fruiting late and yields irregularly. In culture, grapes are formed, give the bushes a form that is convenient for care, providing high yield quality grapes. Planting lemongrass
Schisandra chinensis, or schizandra, has several names - lemon Tree, red grapes, gomisha (Japanese), cochinta, kojianta (Nanai), kolchita (Ulchi), usimtya (Udege), uchampu (Oroch). In terms of structure, systemic relationship, center of origin and distribution, Schisandra chinensis has nothing to do with the real citrus plant lemon, but all its organs (roots, shoots, leaves, flowers, berries) exude the aroma of lemon, hence the name Schisandra. Lemongrass clinging or wrapping around a support, along with Amur grapes, three types of actinidia, is an original plant of the Far Eastern taiga. Its fruits, like a real lemon, are too acidic for consumption in fresh, but they have medicinal properties, pleasant aroma and that got him a lot of attention. The taste of Schisandra chinensis berries improves somewhat after frost. Local hunters who consume such fruits claim that they relieve fatigue, invigorate the body and improve eyesight. In the consolidated Chinese pharmacopoeia, compiled back in 1596, it says: "Chinese lemongrass fruit has five tastes, classified in the first category of medicinal substances. The pulp of lemongrass is sour and sweet, the seeds are bitter-astringent, and in general the taste of the fruit is salty. Thus, It contains all five tastes. Grow lemongrass
Botanical name: yew spiky
Homeland of the yew spiky: Far East, Japan, China
Lighting: shade-tolerant
The soil: rich, calcareous, acidic to alkaline
Watering: adult specimens are drought-resistant, watering is required only during the period active growth and for young plants
Maximum tree height: 20 m
Average lifespan of a tree: about 1000 years
Landing: seeds, green cuttings, semi-lignified cuttings
Description of the yew pointed and its root system
Yew pointed (lat. Taxus cuspidata) - evergreen the yew family. Large specimens in nature are quite rare, in most cases these trees reach 6 meters in height. This type listed in the Red Book of the Primorsky Territory and the Red Book of the Sakhalin Region.
Sometimes a spiky yew, as seen in the photo, takes the form of a creeping shrub. The shape of the crown is oval, the branches are located horizontally on the surface of the earth. The trunk, covered with reddish-gray bark, reaches 1 m in diameter.
The needles of these plants are soft, crescent-shaped, flat, with a small spike at the top. The upper surface of the needles has a dark green color, the bottom is lighter. The needles reach 2.5 mm in length and 2.5-3 mm in width.
The root system of the pointed yew is powerful, shallow, does not have a pronounced tap root, but, despite this, provides the tree with sufficient wind resistance. The roots of plants form offspring, on which mycorrhiza is formed.
Like all gymnosperms, the spiky yew has microsporophylls (male sporophylls) and megasporophylls (female sporophylls). Microsporophylls spherical shape in the form of sessile "spikelets" are at the ends of last year's shoots in the axils of the leaves. Megasporophylls are located on the tops of the shoots and consist of single ovules.
Oval-elliptical, ovoid or flattened seeds Brown reach 5-6.4 mm in length and 4-4.5 mm in width, usually ripen in September. Abundant harvests occur no more than once every 5-7 years.
The wood of the pointed yew is well polished and is of great value in the manufacture of joinery and decorative furniture. But since this species is listed in the Red Book, it is rarely used in production. However decorative qualities yew allow the use of these plants in various landscape plantings– both in groups and in singles. Due to their increased shade tolerance, trees can be planted in the most shaded areas of parks and garden plots. The crown of the trees is easy to shape, but it should be remembered that the needles of the yew are poisonous. The bright red, fleshy seed, sometimes erroneously referred to as a berry, is edible and has a sweet taste, but the seed itself contains poisonous substances.
Variety "Nana"
Yew pointed “Nana” (Taxus cuspidata ‘Nana’) – evergreen dwarf shrub with an irregularly shaped crown and soft, dense, dark green needles. Plants of this species are among the best for topiary shearing (giving trees and shrubs a certain conceived shape). Particularly suitable for making topiary balls, pyramids and cones.
The pointed yew "Nana" grows very slowly, therefore it is recommended for planting on rocky hills, curbs and in rock gardens. It reaches a height of no more than 1-1.5 m, annual growth is less than 5 cm. Recommended for landscaping roofs, terraces, suitable for growing in containers. Ideal for making dense
Plant yew pointed (t. cuspidata)(photo on the left) is also called Far Eastern yew, since it grows freely in the Russian Far East. But this is not the only natural area. The plant is also found in Japan and China.
What is the correct spelling: "Yew pointed" or "Yew pointed"?! The two presented variants of the words "Yew" and "Yew" are considered correct in spelling.
Description of yew pointed (Far Eastern). In nature, this is a dioecious tree or shrub of medium size 10 - 20 m. Most often, trees grow below the specified parameters (up to 6 m high). Shrubs can take a creeping form. The crown is ovoid, somewhat loose. Yew Far Eastern grows very slowly. Height indicators at 3 years old are about 20 cm, at 10 years old - 26 cm, at 20 years old - 73 cm. Brown - red bark contains yellow - white spots characteristic of this species. Flat soft leaves at the top unexpectedly end with a short spine. Their length is 18 - 26 mm, and their width is 25 - 30 mm. The upper side of the needles is dull green, the lower side contains two brownish - yellow stripes. Flowering is observed in May, berries with seeds ripen in August - September. The shape of the cones is elliptical. Inside the berry there is a seed, covered by the seedling no more than half of its entire length. The flesh is pale pink with a whitish coating.
Yew (Yew) spiky poisonous. All its parts and seeds (except the pulp of the berries) contain a dangerous alkaloid.
Vitality of yew pointed. The plant lives for over 1000 years. At the age of 1400 - 1500 reaches its maximum size (19 - 20 m).
Frost resistance of yew pointed higher than that of the yew berry and is -30C° - -35C°.
Location, soil, planting and care for yew spiky. All of the listed parameters are described in detail in another article and you can study them via a direct link: yew planting and care.
Varieties of yew pointed. They need moist fertile soils. Very shade tolerant.
Yew pointed Aurescens (Aurescens)(photo below) - low compact shrub. Leaves at the beginning yellow color, then gradually turn green. The variety is recommended as a bright color element in color compositions, for small gardens and territories.
Yew pointed Nana (Nana)(photo below) - a slow-growing dwarf shrub with an irregular cushion-shaped crown. The ascending branches are directed obliquely upwards. At 30 years old, the height of the plant is 150 cm and the diameter is 260 cm. The crown is very dense, great for topiary haircuts.
Thematic pages:
Yew spiky in nature reaches 20 m in height, however, when garden cultivation it can be easily made beautiful shrub. Conifer tree grows slowly, tolerates winter frosts well and has an attractive appearance. Read more about growing pointed yew in the article.
Growing pointed yew.
The pointed yew (Taxus Cuspidata) is native to Korea, China, Japan, and the Far East. evergreen tree, depending on the variety, it can be single- and multi-stemmed, and the trunk diameter reaches 3 m. The crown is pyramidal, dense, dark green. The leaves are needle-shaped, reach a length of 2-3 cm, arranged in two rows, narrowed at the top.
In the axils of the leaves are anther and seed single cones. The bark is reddish-gray, smooth. There are many dormant buds on the trunk, from which they develop side shoots. Pollination occurs in April-May.
Seeds are brown, hard, surrounded by red pulp. All parts of the plant, except for the pulp, are poisonous - they contain the alkaloid taxine. Therefore, yew is planted with care in areas that are often visited by young children. Often the plant is used to grow bonsai at home.
Varietal features
In nature, there are about 20 varieties of pointed yew. In garden cultivation, the following ornamental varieties are most common:
Growing conditions
The pointed yew is not afraid of frost, drought and poor soil. It is for this unpretentiousness that he is loved by gardeners. However, for the normal development of the tree, it is worth adhering to the recommendations for growing it.
Location selection
The spiky yew, unlike other species, tolerates polluted air relatively easily. He is shade tolerant, but loves places without drafts. Young trees are even protected from the wind with fences - burlap, for example.
Yew prefers light, neutral or slightly acidic soil. When planting, it is necessary to maintain a distance between seedlings of 1.5-2 meters. Growing yew on the windowsill, pick up wide and deep containers. In this case, the optimal soil composition includes 3 parts of leaf or sod land, 2 parts of peat and the same amount of sand.
The yew has a deep root system, so the depth of the pit for planting in the garden should be 65-70 cm. If you plan to create hedge from yews, it is easier to immediately dig a trench 0.5 m deep for planting in one row and 0.7 m in two rows. When planting, do not deepen the root neck, leaving it flush with the ground.
After removing the seedling from the container, gently straighten the crumpled roots, loosen the clod of earth. Having lowered the tree into the hole, fill it with soil, tamp it down. Then water the yew. The first 2-3 years you need to constantly loosen trunk circles. The soil should be mulched with sawdust or other suitable material. The layer of mulch should reach 8-10 cm.
Watering frequency
Thanks to the deep root system extending to groundwater The tree is drought tolerant. Too much moisture can be detrimental. Young plants under 2 years old need regular watering. They are watered once a month. About 10 liters of water are poured under each tree.
Yew grows well in any soil, shade-tolerant.
Transfer
If for some reason you need to transplant the yew to another place, this is done by transshipment. That is, they try to move the plant without destroying earthy coma on the roots. When growing yew as a bonsai, transplantation is carried out every 3-4 years, followed by soil replacement.
top dressing
Fertilizers are applied to the hole when planting. It can be complex mineral fertilizers or special for coniferous plants. A yew growing on a windowsill is fertilized once a month in spring and summer. complex fertilizer or special for bonsai.
pruning
In order for the shrub to have a neat appearance, they regularly resort to crown formation. Every spring, brown shoots are removed. Pruning is carried out so that the cuts of the lower branches are covered with branches growing above. Significant pruning is not needed, because the yew grows slowly. However, you need to regularly trim damaged and dry branches, and shorten too long ones by 1/3.
Wintering
Adult yew spiky endures a decrease in temperature. And young seedlings can freeze. To prevent this, they are covered with dry peat near the ground at the end of autumn, providing a thickness of 6-7 cm.
Some shoots were damaged by frost.
So that fragile branches do not break under the weight of snow, in the fall they are collected in a bundle and secured with twine or wire. In early spring, so that the yew is not affected by sunburn, the crown should be covered with kraft paper or spruce branches. You can remove the shelter with the onset of constant positive temperatures.
Difficulties in growing
More often, the tree is affected by yew gall midge and false shield, flatworm, bud mite.
- With the defeat of yew gall midge, shortening of the needles occurs at the top of the shoots. It is collected in a bundle, inside of which there are red larvae. For the fight, the drug "Engio 247 SC" is used. 1.8 ml is dissolved in 5 liters of water and sprayed on the damaged areas.
- False shield settles on branches, shoots, needles. With a strong defeat, the needles turn brown and crumble, on the branches lower tier- turn black. The pest prefers to settle in shaded areas of the tree. Upon closer examination, you can see tubercles on shoots and branches up to 4 mm long. To fight, the plant is sprayed with Confidor Maxi (1 g per 5 l of water), 30 V (200 ml per 10 l of water) or Engio 247 SC (1.8 ml per 5 l) preparations. Processing is carried out twice with an interval of 12-14 days.
- The yew flat plant strikes the needles. White dots appear on it, forming a continuous border at the edges. Brick-red eggs are laid by the female on branches. For extermination in early spring at an air temperature of 10-12 ° C, the tree is treated with the preparation "30 V" (200 ml per 10 l of water). At the end of May-beginning of June, with the mass appearance of larvae, they resort to treatment with a 0.2% Aktofit solution (80 ml per 10 l of water).
- The bud mite causes an increase in buds on thin shoots up to 8 mm, as well as their redness. To fight, use a 0.2% solution of "Aktofit" (80 ml per 10 l of water).
- Spruce needle beetle mines needles, weaves nests. As a result, the needles turn yellow and crumble, young shoots are exposed. Preventive spraying of yew in the spring and early summer with the preparations "Confidor Maxi", "Decis" helps.
Diseases
Pointed yew can affect fungal diseases.
The defeat of yew shoots by a fungal disease.
- The black is accompanied by the appearance of a sooty dark film on the needles and shoots. It impairs the photosynthesis of the plant, reduces its decorative effect. It actively develops on secretions of the yew false shield. To fight, they first get rid of the false shield, and then spray the yew with a copper-containing preparation. For example, Alpha Copper (30 g per 10 liters of water), Kuproksat (80 ml per 10 liters of water).
- Phomosis yew is accompanied by damage to the needles and necrosis of the branches. The needles turn yellow, turn brown and gradually dry out. The bark also dries out, and by autumn fruiting bodies of the overwintering stage of the pathogen fungus are formed in it. To prevent the development of the disease, you need to carefully choose planting material, remove dry branches. For prevention, the plant should be sprayed in spring and autumn with a 1% solution. Bordeaux liquid. At running case the procedure is repeated in the summer.
- Late blight leads to rotting of the roots, yellowing of the needles and the fading of the entire bush in growth. The affected plant should be dug up and destroyed, and the neighboring ones should be shed with one of the preparations: Previkur 607 SL (0.3%), Bravo 500 SC (0.2%). Azaleas, firs, cypresses, rhododendrons, arborvitae, pines cannot be planted in place of a remote bush.
reproduction
The pointed yew is propagated by seeds and cuttings.
This is what yew fruit looks like.
Sowing seeds
Seeds are harvested in autumn. They are sown immediately or in the spring. If you decide to wait for spring, then store the seed at a temperature of +5 in a dry room. Sowing in the autumn is preferable, since seeds need 6-7 months for stratification (cold keeping), after which another 55-60 days for germination. Given the fact that the yew grows very slowly, propagation by seeds is not very justified.
cuttings
For this method, cuttings 15-20 cm long are cut from shoots aged 3-5 years. The procedure can be done in September-October or April-May. A part of the needles from below is removed from them, the sections are treated with a growth stimulator (for example, Kornevin).
Prepare the soil mixture: take 2 parts of peat and 1 part of sand. During autumn propagation, the stalk is rooted in a container and kept warm until spring. If you decide to root the cutting in the spring, you can immediately plant it in the ground, but cover transparent material to protect against early frosts.
Rooting occurs over 3-4 months. All this time, the soil is kept constantly moist. A weak plant should be insulated for the winter with spruce branches or sawdust. The growing seedling does not need complex care. You should regularly remove weeds, loosen the root soil and water in drought.
Rooting cuttings of pointed yew.
Yew - perfect plant for landscape design. The plant easily tolerates a strong haircut, can be used to create a hedge, unpretentious care. It grows slowly, so you won't run into problems with overgrowth of the root system.
It is necessary to carefully select seedlings, paying attention to the condition of the needles. If you buy an infected tree, you risk damaging all the plants in the garden. You can buy a spiky yew seedling from a nursery. The price depends on the size of the seedling and variety. approximate cost a young yew tree 50-60 cm high is 3,500 rubles, and for a 2-meter tree you will have to pay about 40,000 rubles.