How to plant climbing roses from cuttings. Propagation of climbing roses by cuttings. Rooting a climbing rose

We already wrote about terry primrose, but due to numerous requests, we decided to write in more detail about terry primrose once again, since every year its variety of varieties and shades has become 2 times larger.
To date, many countries have undertaken to develop all new varieties of terry primrose, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Italy, England, Germany. These are the main countries that have become specialists in the development of garden terry primrose. To be honest, we do not keep up with the variety of varietal hybrid primrose, because today more than 120 varieties have appeared.
But not all varieties are suitable for planting in the garden,
there are varieties of terry primrose that are suitable for home use and such primroses will simply die in our gardens. There are also varieties of terry primrose 2-year-old, such primroses simply die after flowering and such primroses are intended as a gift option.
Today in our markets they sell various handsome men, by which it is impossible to pass. But how do you know what type it is?

VARIETIES OF PRIMUSE TERRY PERMANENT:

Primrose terry series "Ballerina" - perhaps the most unpretentious stemless terry primrose. This primrose is considered evergreen. Even in winter, it keeps its leaves green. It blooms from March and for 2-3 months, changing flowers with each other. Planting such a primrose can be in the shade floor and in sunny areas. Likes moisture, but does not like stagnant water. In autumn at the end of September - October it blooms again. Withstands frosts down to -28.

Varieties of terry primrose wintering in our gardens.

Sort "Valentina"
Bright saturated terry red primrose "Valentina" from a series of stemless primroses "Ballerina"

Variety "Amethyst Ice"

Terry purple flowers with a white border around the edge of the petal

Variety "Blue Sapphire"

The flowers are bright blue saturated in the center there is a yellow cent.

Variety "Nectarine"

Perhaps the most mysterious primrose is Nectarine, the color of peach-orange along the edge of the petals is 2 shades darker.
changes its shade throughout the season. Refers to chameleons.

Sort "Butter Yellow"

The fastest growing primrose of the Ballerina series. Requires dividing the bush every 2-3 years.

Variety "Pink Ice"
Pale pink, the flowers turn white when flowering, has a pleasant lily-of-the-valley aroma.

Sort "Crim"

The variety is fast growing. The flowers are white with a cream tinge. It has pleasant aroma.

Variety "Burgundy Ice"
Highly interesting variety maroon with white trim.

Variety "Elizabeth Killeley"
Known to many gardeners, Valued for its frost resistance. Disadvantages: slow growing.

Variety "Kathy Mrs. Sparon"

New variety famous wild primrose keys. The variety withstands frosts of -35. It grows quite fast.

Variety "Corporal Baxter"
It is also polyanthus. Grows fast enough. Withstands frost - 28. Does not like stagnant water. Prefers sunny areas.

Variety "Quakers Bonnet"
Refers to polyanthus primroses. Not whimsical, grows quickly. frost resistance -30.

Variety "Blue Ice"

Very beautiful gentle primrose, color is bright blue. Flowering is abundant and long. Repeat flowering in autumn. Grows fast enough. Frost resistance - 28.

Variety "Sanshin Suzy"

Unpretentious terry polyanthus primrose. Frost resistance - 28. Flowering is long.

Variety "Kat Derman"

Unpretentious beautiful, light waviness along the edge of the petals. Frost resistance - 28.

Variety "Rose Pink Bouquet"

This series "Bouquet" of new English terry primroses is perhaps the brightest and most beautiful. Flowering later in April - May. Grows slowly, but they are worth it. They bloom profusely and for a long time. They also do not like stagnant water. prefer sex shady areas. Requires drainage when planting. Frost resistance - 27.

Variety "Purple Bouquet"

A series of primroses Bouquet. The variety grows quite quickly, late blooming April - May. Frost resistance - 28.

Variety "Rose Burgundy Bouquet"

is also a polyanthus primrose. Disadvantages slowly increasing. But worth the wait. Peduncles are large maroon along the edge of a white edging. Winter hardiness - 28. - 30. Prefers semi-shady places.

Variety "Lilas Purple Bouquet"

refers to polyanthus primroses. Flowering April - May. The color is rich lilac. Grows slowly. frost resistance - 30. Prefers semi-shady areas. Like all terry primroses, drainage is necessary.

Variety "Dove Ansel"

Refers to the polyanthus primroses, the color is white with a yellow center. Landing site semi-shady areas. Frost resistance - 28

Variety "Bon Accord Purple"
Refers to the polyanthus primrose. Not whimsical. Grows in full sun and semi-shade. Frost resistance - 30.

Sort "Snowguz"

Refers to polyanthus late flowering primroses. Winter hardiness -30.

Variety "Miss Indigo"
Refers to polyanthus late-flowering varieties. Color changeable from blue to purple, refers to chameleons.

Variety "Melenoch"

Refers to polyanthus primroses. Yellow color. growing fast. Frost resistance - 30.

Variety "Strong beer"

Refers to stemless primroses. The color is deep dark purple. It grows quite fast. Frost resistance - 30.

Variety "Pink Bonnet"
relates to stemless primroses. Flowering is late and long. autumn re-flowering. Frost resistance - 27.

Variety "Cobalt Blue"

Variety Cobalt Blue is perhaps one of the most beloved and unpretentious varieties, flowers are large up to 5-7 cm in volume. grows fast enough. Winter hardiness - 27.

All these varieties are in our collection, and every year I look for other varieties of terry primroses.
Which have already multiplied enough are always on sale in the spring.

Reproduction of terry primrose:
Primroses are absolutely not whimsical in care. And if they are planted correctly, then in gratitude they will delight you with abundant unique flowering.
All varieties of terry primroses prefer semi-shady areas.
I already wrote that before planting a primrose, drainage to the bottom of the hole is necessary. Because such varieties do not like stagnant water and can simply die from excess moisture.

Transplantation of primroses is preferably in spring and autumn.
In the spring, you can plant and transplant even during flowering.
and in autumn it is necessary to do this at the end of September - November, before the onset of frost.
It is also important to know that terry primroses cannot be buried above the neck, as when planting auricles. Correctly plant at the level of the neck.

How to properly divide a primrose bush for reproduction? This is a question I often hear from our clients.
For propagation, I usually divide the bushes in the fall. I completely dig out the uterine bush and divide it into rosettes with a knife,


Then I sit separately either in open ground or in pots.
I cut off the old leaves from below, this gives us an additional increase in new leaves and future peduncles. if there are old flower stalks, they must also be cut off.
If the planting of primroses goes into the ground, then in addition to drainage, I do light earth I add dry perlite.
Perlite gives us the airiness of the soil and then the primrose will bloom more abundantly. After planting, it is necessary to water the primrose, but in no case should it be flooded.

In winter, I do not cover the primrose with anything. Winters without shelter. I can throw more snow on her, then she will be warmer.


If, of course, the winter is abnormal and rainy, then I can just cover the primrose with an empty bucket.

In no case do not lay on primrose, leaves, straw, pieces of rags, bags or whatever your fantasy will please in winter, as I wrote above if you are afraid of frost, it is better to make a dry shelter cover with a bucket or an empty plastic bottle.

In early spring, I open the primrose already in late February, early March. And then she go faster in growth and begins to bloom earlier.
Try, experiment, and in gratitude to you, your garden pets will respond with lush bright flowering.

Primula is a plant whose variety of species and varieties can be endlessly surprised. But most gardeners, having heard about it, immediately imagine small bushes covered with a cap of bright and delicate flowers. This is what a stemless primrose looks like, growing from seeds of which is not uncommon today even at home.

Primrose stemless: features of the species

Common primrose (P. vulgaris) or stemless primrose (P. acaulis) is a type of primrose, consisting of perennial herbaceous plants 5-20 cm high. Their surface root system consists of many brown thickish roots. Oblong lanceolate leaves - wrinkled, pubescent on the underside, with small teeth along the edges. The flowers are funnel-shaped, usually 2-4 cm in diameter, on low pedicels growing directly from the rhizome, slightly rising above the leaf rosette. In flowers, species plants are more characteristic of white, yellow, shades of pink and red, and hybrid varieties have a more diverse palette of shapes and colors. Species primroses and hybrids are distinguished by the color and structure of the inflorescences. Yes, primrose ordinary flowers often smaller, collected in inflorescences and located on peduncles with a height of up to 20 cm. Hybrids of stemless primrose have single flowers, several large sizes, sometimes terry, located on separate peduncles and surrounded by large bracts. It is the hybrid varieties of stemless primrose that are often called "primrose acaulis" (akaulis).

The specifics of growing primrose stemless

Primula Akaulis Mix in the garden - perfect solution for filling areas located in partial shade under the canopy fruit trees. Moreover, the cultivation of this flower and caring for it are not particularly difficult and is quite consistent general rules agricultural technology for all types of primroses. Although it is still better not to forget about some subtleties.

1. perfect time sowing - early spring, when the amount of moisture in the soil and the temperature are optimal for primroses.

2. Common primrose propagates by seeds and division of the bush. When growing seedling way completely dispenses with stratification, although seeds or acquired plant rhizomes still need to be kept in the zero compartment of the refrigerator. The division of the bush, which is carried out every 3-5 years, with a sufficient amount of moisture, transfers almost at any time of the year, but most favorable time for this procedure, early spring and the period immediately after the end of flowering are considered.

3. Hybrid varieties (for example, such as stemless primrose "Danova", etc.), when sown with seeds of their own collection, do not always retain their properties mother plants and can naturalize, therefore, to preserve the variety, they are better.

4. Terry stemless primroses are initially sterile, therefore they are propagated exclusively by vegetative means. Sometimes they include stemless primrose "Rosanna". But this variety has a characteristic flower shape, in which all the same five petals differ in wavy edges, and they themselves are not fully open, therefore the middle is not visible.

5. Primrose stemless, which allows you to breed various plant varieties, is undemanding in care. The main thing that is necessary for her successful cultivation, are regular waterings, supplemented by dense plantings, in which the space between the plants is not visible behind the leaves.

6. Some varieties of stemless primrose are able to re-bloom in the fall. There is an opinion that this weakens the plant before wintering and the future. spring bloom, because some gardeners break off the buds that appear in the fall.

7. Primrose akaulis is generally frost-resistant, therefore, additional shelter for the winter is rarely used, only for young plants and hybrids.

8. Some hybrid varieties and stemless large-flowered primroses, which include the Potsdam Giants, do not tolerate wintering in the garden, because they are often grown as flyers and provide them with winter shelter.

9. Most resistant varieties often distinguished by pastel shades(not blue) and the shape of the flower closest to natural, as well as the absence of voluminous bracts.

Primula Akaulis Mix in the garden is great for decorating borders, flower fields and alpine slides. It goes well with taller perennials, simultaneously flowering small-bulbous plants, ferns, hosts, etc. In addition, primrose akaulis is often grown in a pot culture, followed by transplanting the plant into open ground.

Along with this article, they usually read:

If you have no time to deal with seedlings of flowers, and the availability beautiful flower beds in the country you still want to, pay attention to the reckless way of growing asters from seeds. By following a simple technology, you can have wonderful annual asters directly in the flower garden.

Perennial asters are a set various kinds: alpine, new Belgian, shrubby, etc. Most often, we have to grow them from seeds bought in a store or ordered by mail. However, this does not mean that perennial asters cannot be propagated in other ways. Let's look at them all.

Do you want to bring something extra new and unusual to your front garden? Then do not be too lazy to grow several perennial delphinium bushes in it, which will simply amaze you with a huge selection of species and varieties, and will not burden you with heavy care!

Have you ever heard of Japanese variety irises? These plants could decorate your front garden in a rather interesting way, but for this, you still have to “learn” a little, having learned a few secrets of planting and care agricultural technology.

Primrose belongs to the genus - herbs, the Primrose family. Most representatives of these flowers are rhizomatous. This flower blooms one of the first, during the first warm days.

Primula, when planted in the garden, becomes a decoration of space with its beautiful and bright colors with a pleasant aroma.

Primroses are grown as ground cover plants, in flowerbeds, discounts, mixborders, Alpine rollercoaster, next to borders and for cutting, in outdoor containers, on balconies and in pots in room conditions.

flower description

Primula perennial grows into a low bush. These rhizomatous herbaceous plants bloom predominantly in the spring, although some species may also produce flowers during the summer months.

The plant is compact, rarely reaches 30 centimeters, but there are exceptions that reach 50-90 centimeters in height.

The leaf rosette consists of petiolate oblong oval lanceolate, sessile, simple, dissected leaves.
Some species have wrinkled leaves, others are leathery, gray-green, dense, with a slight waxy coating.

Wrinkled whole leaves are slightly pubescent and diverge from the root, forming a rosette.

Stems without leaves. Buds, depending on the variety, can be single or collected in a variety of inflorescences.

Flowers on long peduncles solitary (simple) or collected in bell-shaped, spherical, pyramidal, umbellate, cushion-shaped, tiered inflorescences.
Flowers have a tubular shape with funnel-shaped or flat limbs.

Flowers are formed at the end of the shoot. The shape of the flowers is correct. Petals fused, five-membered at the edges. The color of the flowers is bright, varied, there are two and three-color varieties.

After flowering, peduncles form fruit-boxes (many seeds) of a cylindrical or spherical shape with dark brown small seeds.
Flowers are propagated by seeds, cuttings, dividing the bush.

Types and varieties of primrose with a photo

There are more than 500 species of primrose. Primula grows in humid places - near mountain rivers, lakes, streams, meadows.

Under natural conditions, this flower is found in Europe, the Middle East, northern Africa, and Central Asia.

More than 300 species of flowers grow in the Himalayas, Asia, Western China, 33 species grow in Europe, 17 species in Africa, South America, 2 species in North America and 1 in Java.
Any primrose is fragile, tender and a little cold.

Garden types of primrose are divided into cushion and umbrella. Varieties for capitate,
candelabra, tiered, bell.

Primrose ear or auricula (auriculastrum) includes 21 European species. The plant is undersized. The leaves are dense, dark green in color, about 20 centimeters long. There are small teeth along the edges of the foliage. Flowers and stems are covered with a whitish mealy coating. Coloring of flowers is yellow, pink, lilac, violet. Some varieties have a white eye. Flowering stretched from April to June.

Primula ear (Primula auricula)

Primula Julia- includes primrose prugonitskaya. The plant grows up to 10 centimeters in height. The leaves are oval in shape, the teeth are rounded along the edge. Petioles are long. Flowers single, lilac-violet (up to 3 centimeters). flower tube long (2 centimeters).
There are deep grooves in the middle of the petals. Flowering lasts from early April to early May.
Varieties and hybrids of this primrose have a variety of colors.

Primula Julia Primula juliae.

Powdery primrose includes more than 80 species. Flowers are yellow or white coating. Flowers are collected in umbrella inflorescences. Moisture-loving plants require additional shelter for the winter.

Primula farinosa Powdery primrose

Primula cortusiformis without powdery coating. Funnel-shaped flowers. Leaves petiolate, oval-oblong, pubescent. Peduncle pubescent, 10-40 cm long. Flowers are collected in an umbrella. Flowering lasts from May to the end of June.
This group combines: Siebold's primrose, rejected, rocky primrose, multi-nervous and others.

Primula cortusoides Primula cortusoides

Primula High has leaves from 5 to 20 centimeters in length. The underside is pubescent. The height of the peduncles is 10-30 centimeters. Flowers are long-tubular orange, yellow tones. Flower diameter 2.5 cm.

Primrose pink includes early flowering species. The leaves are smooth with serrated edges. The flowers are bright pink with a small yellow eye. Moisture-loving flower.

Alpine auricles have a bright, saturated color. The tube with the middle have one color. Flowers with a white center have purple-blue petals. With a golden yellow center, the petals are reddish brown. Sometimes there is a light border. Powdery coating is absent.

Auricula Alpine light purple

Reverse conical view of primrose has a leaf edge. Hair causes allergies. The bush is neat, grows in breadth. The height of the bush is 50 centimeters. The buds are collected in inflorescences-umbrellas. Flowers can be purple, red, white, pink.

Recently, new varieties have appeared with a minimum allergen content or its complete absence; such varieties can be grown in pots for further transplantation into the ground.

Primula obconica (Primula obconica)

Medicinal form of primrose Evening opens its buds in the evening. Fading, fruits-boxes with seeds are formed on the stems. The seeds are used to make medicinal oil. A flower decorates any flower bed.

Stemless view is purely decorative. This perennial forms several rosettes of leaves. A peduncle with a flower develops from the center of the rosette. The color of the flowers is yellow, white, blue. The bush is undersized, compact, dense, similar to a violet.

Primrose stemless (Primula acaulis)

Toothed primrose includes 2 types: capitate primrose and Primula finely toothed.

Primula finely toothed

• Primrose polyanthus (multi-flowered) has large flowers (5-6 centimeters). The plant blooms in late May - June. The plant for the winter requires shelter.
• curbs primroses are the most stable and hardy.
• Exhibition are gentle, demanding hybrids. Flowers are covered with powdery coating.
• Primula terry very beautiful and demanding care.
• polyanthus primroses are complex hybrids.
• Primrose candelabra are summer flowering. They require shelter for the winter.

The best varieties are:

Variety Max when grown in the shade it has black flowers, in good light the flowers have a cherry hue.

Primula ear Max(Max)

Primula pubescent Ruby is a large-flowered hybrid. The flower is velvet ruby-cherry, the center is large, yellow.

Primula Rubin

Variety Violetta has light purple flowers. The eye is yellow.

Primrose pubescent Violetta

You can also note the varieties: Delekluza, Primlet Sunrise, Piano, Small Primula, Shaggy, Big Ben, Queen's Lace, Danova, Francesca, Blue Jeans, Miranda, Spring Primula, Meteor, Daniela, Roseanne's, Rosie's varietal lines.

Growing from seed at home

Growing from seeds is the most common way to propagate this plant. seed propagation allows you to have rare and unusual varieties. planting material grown with your own hands will be healthy and strong, it will be easier to survive the transplant.

Before sowing, you need to choose which primroses are best planted. Perennial spring-flowering ones include: akaulis, rose-shaped, high primrose, finely toothed, spring and auricula. Summer ones include: Bissa, Japanese, Florinda, Kokkburna, Bullea, Bullesian and Viali primroses.

For sowing, shallow containers are taken (boxes, containers, pots, peat tablets).

Sowing primrose seeds: video

Land and seed preparation

When the variety is selected, you can start preparing the soil and seeds.

The substrate should be airy, light and fertile. The soil mixture should contain turf soil, universal soil from the store, peat. 30-50 percent of sand, sphagnum moss, vermiculite and perlite are added to it. This additive allows you to retain moisture, let air through and keep the soil loose. You can use ready substrate from a flower shop.

The substrate is calcined in the oven for 20 minutes and spilled with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. These procedures help to disinfect the soil.
Before sowing for a day, the mixture is moistened.

Seeds can be collected independently or bought from seed plants. When buying, you need to pay attention to expiration dates and the microclimate in the room. To collect seeds from rare varieties, so that cross-pollination does not occur, different varieties planted at a distance from each other.

Overwintering plants often reproduce by self-sowing.

Most varieties require stratification (cooling) for germination.

Breeding varieties do not require refrigeration.
Before sowing, you need to familiarize yourself with the characteristics of the variety.

Seeds for cooling should be kept in the refrigerator or on the balcony for 15-30 days. Or place them for 2 hours in the cold, then in heat, and so on 5 times.

Biostimulation is used to accelerate germination. The seeds are soaked in aloe juice for 20 minutes, then dried and sown in the ground.

Sowing and caring for seedlings, when to plant

Sowing is carried out in December - January. Modern varieties (hybrids) have more short term growth and sown in February - March. From the moment of sowing primrose to the formation of flowers, 4-6 months pass.

Seeds are spread evenly on thin layer snow or wet ground.

Small-seeded varieties (Pimula Auricula, Primula Siebold) are sown on a thin layer of vermiculite and sprayed from a spray bottle.

Seeds are poured out on paper folded in half and sown in the ground. This allows you to more evenly distribute all the seeds over the surface.

• No more than 5 seeds should go per 1 centimeter.
• Larger seeds can be spread over the surface with a moistened toothpick.
• Seeds are laid out at a distance of 1-1.5 centimeters from each other.
• When sowing in peat tablets, 1-2 seeds are dropped.
• When sowing in a pot, no more than 3 seeds are placed in the soil.

After sowing, the seeds are lightly pressed to the ground and sprinkled with water.

Sowing primrose seeds on the snow

The container is covered with a transparent film or lid, glass.
When the soil dries up, it is moistened with a spray bottle. You can water the sprouts with a syringe without a needle. If there is a pallet, watering can be carried out through it. Excess water is drained off.

After sowing seeds, the container is installed in a bright place (without direct contact with sun rays). When light-loving varieties germinate, for better growth, additional lighting with a phytolamp is carried out.

In order to avoid the accumulation of condensate, the film on the container is slightly opened several times a day, air exchange is created and excess moisture evaporates.

Germination requires a stable temperature of 15-18 degrees Celsius. The first sprouts appear in 10-15 days. Elevated temperature leads to a reduction in the duration of flowering primrose.

Picking is carried out with the germination of 2 main leaves. The soil should be breathable and light.

Small plants are fertilized with a weak solution of mineral fertilizers every 10 days.
As it grows, soil is added to the container.

The grown seedlings are planted on individual containers. Weak shoots are removed.
Seedlings are planted in open ground, reaching 10-20 centimeters in height (depending on the variety).

How to sow primroses in winter Seed stratification: video

Landing in open ground

Planting primrose in the ground is carried out from early to mid-May (depending on the region). When using greenhouses, sowing can be done immediately after the snow has melted, the air inside the shelter has warmed up to 16 degrees.

Primula prefers fertile drained soil, plenty of moisture and partial shade. The site should be shaded for at least 5 hours a day. The place is fed with rotted compost, dug up and loosened.

Plants can be planted near bushes, tall plants. Shade-loving varieties are planted under trees, along fences.

Sand, crushed sphagnum, vermiculite (a bucket per square meter) is added to heavy clay soil. Additionally, 20 kilograms of humus and 60 grams of mineral fertilizers are introduced per 1 meter.

Planting seedlings is carried out in pre-prepared, watered holes. The size of the pits should be equal to the size of an earthy coma with a flower. The distance between the pits depends on the variety and size of the plant and ranges from 10 to 70 centimeters.

The seedling falls into the hole along with earthy clod and pressed into the earth. The root neck is deepened.

Watering is done under the root. Do not pour water on the plant! Approximately 3 liters of water per square meter.

To preserve moisture around the seedlings, mulch from peat, sawdust, needles is distributed.
At night, at first, the plants are covered with a film.

The first dressing of early varieties is done around the outlet mineral fertilizers. Half a month later for lush flowering superphosphate is introduced (20 grams per square meter).

After 20 days, top dressing is made with infusion of fermented manure (a liter per bucket). For each bush goes a liter of fertilizer.

Summer flower care

Watering is carried out when the earth dries up. The soil must not dry out. During spring and summer, plants should receive a sufficient amount of moisture; by autumn, watering stops. Primrose for the winter should remain in dry ground. Plants should be watered gently under the root, without touching the outlet and buds.

Mulch is distributed around the plantings to retain moisture.
The soil in the absence of mulch after each watering is loosened, weeds are removed.

To prevent the soil from becoming alkaline, chelate or ferrous sulfate is applied once a month during irrigation.

Top dressing is carried out during budding and flowering, and then stops until the end of summer. Fertilizers are applied once every 2 weeks. Mineral fertilizers are applied to the ground.

For a good wintering in August, primroses are fertilized with a solution of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (30 grams per bucket).

Diseases and pests

The thickening of plantings and weeds leads to diseases and pest damage to primrose.

Primula is an unpretentious plant, but there are diseases and pests that can kill a flower.

Primula is affected by:

• Fungus Ramularia cercosporella,
• late blight,
• root rot,
• anthracnose,
• rust,
• leaf spot,
• withering,
• powdery mildew,
• Cucumber mosaic viruses
• Stem rot.

The most dangerous disease for a flower is the fungus Ramularia cercosporella. The disease manifests itself in late spring with spots on the leaves. The shape of the spots is round or angular. The color is pale. Over time, the color becomes brown or gray with a yellow border.

Affected leaves are cut off immediately. The plant is being processed Bordeaux liquid or any protective drugs. For prevention, spraying with a solution of Nitrafen is performed.

With phytophthora, the aerial part of the bush withers. Old leaves are left intact at first. This disease appears due to excessive watering. Timely watering under a bush protects the plant from illness. In case of damage, the flower must be removed.

Leaf spot is determined by gray-brown spots with yellow edges. At high humidity spore plaque appears at the bottom of the leaf white color. First of all, old leaves are affected. But defeat and seedlings are possible. Spraying with fungicides and keeping the aerial parts of the plant dry helps to protect the plants.

To combat diseases, fungicides are used (Topsin, Fundazol, Nitrafen). Treatment is carried out with copper oxychloride, Bordeaux liquid.

The traditional pests of primrose are aphids, slugs, caterpillars, weevil, nematodes, fleas, whiteflies and spider mites.

black and green aphid distributed from the bottom of the leaf, suck out the juices and leave specks on the leaves. Then a sooty coating appears.

Caterpillars gnaw flowers, pedicels and foliage. For control, insecticides of the synthetic pyrethroid group are used.

Insecticides are used to control insects (Intavir, Iskra, Ragor). Large pests with single damage can be collected manually.

Primrose breeding

Primrose propagates by dividing the bush, cuttings and seeds. Collected seeds are stored for 1-2 years.
Good seeds should have a thin shiny shell and a small appendage.

Primula can not be grown in one place for more than 3-6 years. Transplantation and division of the bush is carried out in early August in the evening or in the spring. After flowering, primrose should take about 2 weeks.

Child sockets neatly separated from the mother bush. Places of cuts are sprinkled with ash. The soil for planting should be fertilized with rotted compost and dug up. Planting is done in prepared holes.
By winter, the plant has time to take root and grow.

cuttings the largest bushes reproduce. Part of the formed dense roots is separated from them. Longitudinal incisions are made on the top of the cuttings. This helps the buds germinate faster. Cuttings are planted to a depth of 4 centimeters. Care is standard.

leaf petiole with a kidney is separated at the base of the root system. The sheet plate is cut off by a third.
The petiole with part of the shoot is planted in a mixture of earth and sand. The pot is placed in a bright place with an air temperature of 16-18 degrees. When buds appear and 3-4 leaves germinate, they are seated in separate pots. In the spring they can be transplanted into the ground.

Seeds are collected from slightly opened ripe boxes. After harvesting, they need to dry a little. For better storage, they can be mixed with dry sand and kept in a cool place before sowing.

Why primroses die: video

What to do after flowering

Most varieties of primrose fade by mid-summer.
Faded flower stalks are cut with part of the stem, this stimulates the growth and flowering of the plant.
Bushes with bright foliage are left for contrast with other flowers. The soil around the plants is cleared of weeds, loosened and remains at rest until winter.

Flowers for the winter need to be mulched 5-10 centimeters with humus, peat, compost, dry foliage, humus. At cold winter plants are covered insulation material, spruce. Lapnik additionally protects plants from mice.
With a large snow cover, the snow is cleared.

In the spring, after removing the shelter, the old leaves are cut off, and the primrose begins to actively grow and bloom.

Primrose is used in many countries as medicinal plant. AT medicinal purposes roots, leaves, stems, flowers and seeds are used. Leaves are added to salads, and flowers to tea.

This beautiful and unpretentious plant, with proper care, pleases with its bright colors for several years. And after seating allows you to get a large number of new bushes.

Primula stemless, or common (Primula acaulis, syn. P vulgaris), in nature is a small herbaceous plant that gave its name to the family. The leaves are simple, the flowers are solitary, most often white or yellow, less often pink, purple or purple with an eye.

One of the first flowers in early spring. Often on a plant in bloom you can’t even see the leaves - they are covered with numerous flowers. It is easy to distinguish the stemless primrose from other primroses and its hybrids - the flowers are always single, not collected in an inflorescence, each on its own stalk.

These unpretentious plants not uncommon in gardens. The best way get primroses - ask neighbors and friends for clones that have been growing well for a long time.

You can buy flowering specimens - then both the look and the variety will not be in doubt.

Primrose rhizomes are sometimes sold in winter. They can be bought and stored for a short time in sphagnum in the zero chamber of the refrigerator.

If they grow prematurely, they should be planted in pots and kept in a cool loggia. In a room with high temperature and low humidity, planted primroses are likely to die.

Sometimes on sale you can see the seeds of terry primroses (for example, the Rosanna variety series).

However, if you look closely at the picture, and then at the living flower, it turns out that there are still five petals, they just have a wavy edge and they are not fully opened, which is why the middle is not visible and the flower seems terry.

True double (multipetal, without stamens and pistil) flowers are sterile. Terry varieties can only be propagated vegetatively. Those in stemless primroses are also available.

New varieties appear every year, it is often difficult to understand what is sustainable and what is not. In general, resistant clones of primroses:

• as close as possible to natural look by color and size of flowers;
• pastel colors, not blue;
• without large bracts ("collar" of leaves immediately below the flower).

Planting and caring for common primrose (stemless)

Resistant varieties of stemless primrose are long-lasting plants when grown, plastic and tolerant to the vicissitudes of garden life.

The best time for planting primroses - as soon as the snow melts, but if there is watering, they endure division and transplantation at any time convenient for you. Primroses take root at low temperatures(planted in late summer - autumn, they often stick out after wintering).

Ideally, such primroses need partial shade with rich loamy soil, good nutrition (for abundant flowering), the absence of both soaking and drying. But they will tolerate full sun (assuming guaranteed watering).

Primroses require almost no care.

It is useful to clean them from dead leaves after the snow melts, water them in the heat, fertilize with complex fertilizer according to the season, and mulch. Poor wintering, as a rule, is characteristic of unstable varieties and when planted in a damp place.

First of all, blue and large-flowered ones fall out. species plants very stable and withstood any snowless winters. It makes no sense to cover primroses: they get wet more often than they freeze out, and this will happen much faster under cover.

Primrose use

Primroses make dense borders and colorful rugs. The array can be located either near the track, or at some distance from it. For one group, it is worth using primroses of the same color. This is easy to do if you divide one overgrown curtain.

Numerous varieties of primroses, when planted side by side, look like a cacophony of colors, much more harmonious than a single planting or a combination of just two varieties.

Primroses are easy to combine with tall perennials that will cover them from the scorching sun in the summer -, or even. Even more suitable companions when planting primroses in partial shade. There are only two restrictions here: neighbors should not cover the primrose tightly with their leaves and should not be too aggressive.

So, I had to refuse the neighborhood of primroses with kupenes and disporum smilacin: these aggressors grew very quickly and “stitched” the primrose bushes with their powerful shoots.

But ferns, even large ones, just planted at the proper distance, hellebore - almost the entire shady assortment - are quite combined with primroses. Very good at joint landings small-bulbous, blooming simultaneously with primroses.

Reproduction of an ordinary (stemless) primrose

Stemless primroses are propagated by seeds and vegetatively.

At favorable conditions self-seeding happens in the garden. But the easiest way is to share them. Many grow well and even require periodic division.

The plant must be dug up and divided with a knife into separate sockets or groups of sockets with roots, planting them in a new place. The best time for this is the earliest spring after the snow melts, but primroses can be divided

And in bloom, and before the start of the summer heat. Autumn division is possible, but undesirable: if a snowless winter occurs, poorly rooted plants may die.

Sometimes the sockets are separated without digging out the whole bush.

Even perennial bushes can gradually grow, become bare in the middle and rot due to excessive density. They should be maintained by regular (every 3-4 years) division with a transplant to a new place or soil replacement.

Possible problems

One of the problems of varietal primroses is their fragility. To be honest, I just resigned myself to the fact that the large-flowered and brightest primroses live in the garden from the strength of 1-2 seasons.

They just need a different use than stable clones. It is better not to place high hopes on attractive, but such unstable potted hybrids and consider their stay in the garden to be short-lived. They bloom all summer, like flyers, and it's better to use them as flyers. They will perfectly replace the faded and retired small-bulb ones, decorate the steps or the courtyard, being planted in a beautiful flower pot.

Varieties of common primrose (stemless) photo: 1. Butter Yellow. 2. Danova Bicolor. 3. Quacker Bonnet.

Primrose from seeds - cultivation and care

Primroses are very easy to grow from seed. If you want to break a delicate pink-cream carpet under the old apple trees, collect the seeds of your primroses - they sprout very amicably and will not cost you a penny.

Plants from seeds collected in your garden do not retain varietal characteristics, but this is how you can get new colors.

Before sowing, seed pods of primroses are stored at a temperature not higher than + 5 ... + 7 ° С. Before sowing, the seeds collected in the garden are treated to protect seedlings from fungi (purchased seeds do not need to be processed - just steam the soil).

Fresh seeds usually germinate after a short cooling - they are tight in primroses. There is no need to be afraid of this procedure: the mechanism is laid down in nature, where they lie all winter under the snow and germinate in early spring.

The container with crops should be kept in the refrigerator or under snow for 2-4 weeks. Then the crops that have undergone stratification can be put on a bright window, shading from direct sunlight.

The optimum temperature for the development of seedlings of the planted primrose is + 16 ... + 18 ° С. When two true leaves appear, primrose seedlings dive. In the future, they need to be watered and fed.

After the threat of frost has passed, the container with seedlings is added dropwise until the end of summer in a semi-shady place in the garden, and then planted on permanent place at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other.

We grow primroses from seeds (photo)

In order to grow a primrose from seeds at room conditions, you need to consistently do the following:

1. Carefully shake out the seeds from the dried inflorescences over the saucer.

2. We place the seeds for 20 minutes in a 0.5-1.0% solution of potassium permanganate.

3. Scatter the seeds over the snow - when it melts, they will evenly and without embedding be on the surface of the soil.

4. After sowing, snow must be compacted.

5. We mark the types and varieties of sown plants with plates.

6(a). Cover the container after sowing with a lid

6(b). We bury the container in a snowdrift on the street (for about 2-4 weeks).

7. Seedlings in the phase of two real leaves are carefully pry off with large nests, without injuring the roots, and put them on a saucer.

8. We divide the seedlings one by one, plant them in a box in 5 cm increments or in individual pots. Sprinkled seedlings are watered with a thin stream.

9. It is better to plant plants in a permanent place in the second half of August, when cool and rainy weather.

Priula is the primam of the spring garden

This modest and unpretentious, but incredibly bright flower not only enjoys the love of gardeners, but also has a special history.

The legend says that once the apostle Peter fell asleep and dropped the keys to Paradise. And once on the ground, they sprouted cheerful primroses.

Primrose, or primrose, is the favorite of most gardeners, and almost anywhere the globe. At one time, England was even overwhelmed by primulomania, a "disease" so similar to the Dutch "tulipmania". Why is this little thing so good?

Perhaps the beauty's main talent is the ability to be different: in nature, there are from 400 to 550 species of the genus Primula! But this is far from the limit, since botanists continually discover new ones, and breeders do not get tired of creating hybrids and new varieties. As a result, today the primrose is able to satisfy any whim: not only are its flowers amazing in all sorts of colors - even gray and green, two- and three-color, with and without a pattern.

Primroses also differ in the structure of inflorescences. On this basis, they were divided into 5 groups: cushion-shaped (for example, common primrose), umbrella-shaped (such as high primrose or spring primrose), spherical (for example, fine-toothed primrose), candelabra (one of them is bullesian primrose) and bell-shaped (primrose Florida). By the way, not all of them bloom in spring.

There are many species that adorn the garden in summer, such as Bis's, Florinda's, and Bulley's primroses. You can be sure that even if you decorate the flower garden exclusively with primroses different types and varieties, it will be incomparable. But the bright "prima" is quite "sociable" - it goes well with other spring-flowering plants, as well as with undersized ornamental grasses and ferns.

The main condition for the prosperity of our many-sided heroine is the abundance of moisture in the soil in spring, but without excess, and even more so stagnation. The ideal place for the plant is partial shade with well-drained fertile soil.

If the primrose lives in a pot, make sure that the substrate does not dry out (only the common primrose more or less calmly puts up with drought in the summer). Top dressing is done 3 times per season: in early spring, 2-3 weeks after the first and in late July-mid-August. For the winter, it is advisable to sprinkle primroses with dry leaves with a layer of about 10 cm, since even the most hardy ones can freeze slightly in the absence of snow.

Primula photos and types

1. Primula high It reproduces well by self-sowing and grows rapidly - but only on condition that the soil is fresh, moderately moist and rich in humus.
2. Japanese primrose Miller's Crimson blooms in June - July. She prefers partial shade and moist soil. Purple-red flowers of this varietal plant attract attention with unusual dark centers.
3. At spring primrose (Primula veris) small bright yellow flowers. Them distinguishing feature- orange spots at the base of the petals.
4. Looks organic in a bast basket white primrose and spring primrose. By the way, such an ensemble can be a great gift for a gardener friend.

Below are other entries on the topic "Cottage and garden - with your own hands"

Primula, or rams, is everyone's favorite delicate primroses, personifying the arrival of spring. Gardeners love primroses for their bright early flowering, varied flower colors, unpretentiousness, ease of cultivation and vegetative propagation. perennial primrose they easily tolerate transplantation and quickly take root during the spring division of the bush, even in a flowering state and with small divisions. Species and varietal primroses can be grown by sowing seeds in the fall in the garden, as well as sowing seedlings at the end of winter and spring. The natural stratification of primrose seeds by cold when sown before winter increases the likelihood of their germination.

There are many types and hybrids of primroses, differing among themselves in the height of plants, the location of flowers on the peduncle, the size of the leaves, the diameter and color of the flowers, and the flowering period.
Among the abundance various kinds primroses, each of which is good in its own way, perennial stemless terry primroses stand out.

Given culture appeared relatively recently and differs from other primroses in its high decorativeness and duration of flowering. Equal to her in beauty, in saturation of color and doubleness of flowers, in decorativeness of leaves cannot be found!
There are no competitors to stemless terry primroses in terms of flowering duration - they are able to bloom for three or even four months per season! I took a picture of a blooming terry primrose in my garden at the beginning of October, but it has been blooming to this day (beginning of November 2007) and will continue to bloom until significant frosts come down to -7 degrees. Here is such a miracle in the selection of primroses created by German flower growers!

The terry stemless primrose has a lot of undoubted “pluses”, but there are also “minuses” - not in every garden and not in every place this plant develops well and blooms. Terry primrose does not like a sunny place and dense poor land, it is also sensitive to drought. In order to avoid overdrying of the soil, it is advisable to mulch the primrose bushes in the spring for better moisture conservation.

Terry stemless primroses during the period of growth and flowering like to drink plenty of water, therefore, in hot weather I do not spare water and time for watering for them. But in the cold season, squat bushes of terry primroses should not be watered, as their lower leaves begin to rot due to poor ventilation.

I tested terry primroses for endurance and got the following results: those primroses that grew on open sun and on poor soil, they bloomed less long and not so profusely, their flowers were much smaller and dull in color. That bed with terry primroses, which was located in partial shade, on fertilized and loose soil, differed much more favorably from another bed - in a sunny location.

Growing in favorable conditions, terry stemless primroses appear in all their glory. Them leathery leaves grow large and structural, with a beautiful pattern, rich dark green color, and velvety flowers are elegant and bright, with a brilliant sheen. The diameter of terry primrose flowers reaches 3-4 cm, and in terms of doubleness these flowers are very similar to spray roses (these are new roses with a miniature bush, upright, blooming from spring until the onset of severe autumn cold).

For continuous flowering fading flowers of terry primroses need to be removed in time.

Terry stemless primroses are more difficult to breed with seeds than other species.
Terry primrose seeds are much more expensive, and there are only 5 pieces in the package (while some seeds may not sprout).
And yet, the bewitching beauty of long-blooming terry primroses significantly covers all the moral and material costs of flower growers!

Stock up on these seeds. wonderful plants now, in the fall, because I advise you to sow terry primroses as early as possible.
I sow terry stemless primroses twice: in winter and spring (in February and in May).
Prepare loose fertile land for sowing terry primroses.
Deepen the seeds by 1-2 mm, after planting the seeds, compact the soil a little and gently moisten it without washing away the ground.

Please note that seedlings of terry primrose seeds appear after 1.5-2 months, and not as quickly as it is written on the purchased package of seeds.
Seedlings of terry primrose develop very slowly, seedlings grow for a long time. If you plant the seeds of terry primroses in February, then some stronger plants will bloom only by the autumn of that year, and the rest of the seedlings will bloom only next year. Primrose seeds sown in May will sprout faster than those sown in February, but these primroses will please flowering only next year.
These features of the development of terry primroses should be taken into account - patiently wait for germination and carefully look after the seedlings.
I dive seedlings of terry primrose according to the scheme 15x15cm, I plant the grown bushes in the garden in a permanent place.

In a year, a plant grown from seeds will have a marketable appearance and all that extraordinary beauty that breeders gave to terry stemless primroses.

A primrose bush with double flowers looks like an elegant exquisite bouquet in a close environment of leaves. This plant is especially desirable in the late autumn garden.

I wish all flower growers success in sowing and growing terry primrose!

Petr Samsonovich Kiselev (Istra)
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