Kazakh cuisine: recipes for cooking national dishes. How to beautifully set the table in Kazakh style National flavor and way of life
Furniture - a component of the interior interior spaces, which occupies most of it and is usually bought for a long time. The decision to buy furniture for the house is usually caused by its absence, the unsuitability of old furniture or interior renovation. Given the cost of interior items, ordinary Kazakhstanis carefully choose where to buy furniture for the home in a modern or any other style, and start selling used furniture. Having decided to buy furniture in Kazakhstan, you should know that you can always find a suitable option on the OLX classifieds site.
All types of furniture on OLX
Starting from a stool and hangers and ending with a kitchen, wardrobe and sofa - the entire range of new and used furniture in Kazakhstan is presented on our website. Information about this type of goods is placed by categories of furniture purpose:
- for the living room;
- for the bedroom;
- for the hallway;
- for kitchen;
- for the bathroom;
- for the office;
- custom-made furniture.
Anyone can post ads for sale or purchase in these categories. At the same time, we have the opportunity to pick up beautiful ones to decorate the interior. Well, if you live in a private house and want to equip a flower garden or garden, we immediately offer berries, flowers, vegetables and other plants.
What is implemented on OLX?
OLX is an ad service for consumers from all over Ukraine. Our rubricator is so extensive that it includes products from a wide variety of categories. Let's say that only the "Home and Garden" section is represented by 12 subheadings that allow you to sell both home furniture, and food products. Absolutely everything you might need to set up cozy home you will find on our website.
Methodological development "Table setting"
Author: Sharipova Nursulu Kadyrbekovna, technology teacher of the multidisciplinary gymnasium No. 5 "Tandau", Kokshetau. KazakhstanTopic: Table setting for dinner, table setting features of Kazakh cuisine
This work will be of interest to teachers
The purpose of the lesson: Teach table setting, table setting features of Kazakh cuisine
Tasks:
Educational - teach the correct folding of napkins, the design of plates
Educational - to cultivate interest in culinary work, aesthetic taste; to inculcate the skills of a culture of work and behavior.
Developing - to promote the development of a culture of nutrition, to promote the formation and development of students' independence.
Methods of conducting the lesson: Explanation, demonstration of visualizations, practical work, self-control.
Interdisciplinary connections: Drawing, history of Kazakhstan, self-knowledge.
Material and technical equipment of the lesson: folding napkins, tools, fixtures, kitchen utensils, samples of labor objects, workbook;
Lesson plan:
1. Organizational moment
2. Presentation of new material
3. Introductory briefing
4. Practical work students
5. Final briefing
6. Cleaning jobs and homework
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment:
1.1. Greetings;
1.2. Monitoring student attendance;
1.3. Checking students' readiness for the lesson
2. Presentation of new material:
Since ancient times, hospitality has been hallmark Kazakh people. The guest was dearly invited to the dastarkhan, seated in a place of honor and treated to the best that was in the house.
In the national culture, the ritual of treats plays a special role - any dish is served with a certain meaning and to the place. Kazakhs know how with the help of konakasy (konak - guest, as - treat) you can reconcile people, show honor to respected guests.
Much attention was also paid to dishes - they should be beautiful and clean.
For all my centuries of history The Kazakh people have accumulated vast experience in the processing and storage of meat and dairy products, which is still used, especially in villages.
Table decorations for dinner and at any other time are a traditional part of the food culture of any nation. It's like a ritual, arrange it so that it is tasty and interesting to have dinner. Folding napkins under a certain table of original figures makes dostarkhan even richer. Kazakh national dastarkhan differs in many ways even in the shape of the table, which is made in a circular pattern.
First of all, you should pay attention to the tablecloth and table - this is the basis of your serving. Usually they choose a tablecloth of predominantly light shades, a snow-white canvas looks especially good. If the table has a polished finish, then lay an oilcloth under the tablecloth.
According to the rules, the corners of the tablecloth should hide the legs of the table (we take a square or rectangular table as a basis). The descent of the tablecloth should be at least 25 centimeters, but also not fall below the level of the seat.
It is also better to spread the canvas in a classic way: they open it on the table, then take it by the ends on one side, lift it up and, “shaking it”, sharply lower it down. Thus, an air gap is formed between the canvas and the table surface, which makes it possible to better place the tablecloth. But pulling the corners of the canvas and stretching it is strictly prohibited!
Napkins also play an important role in table setting. You can choose them to match the tablecloth, you can play on the contrast and choose napkins to match. flower arrangement or candles.
Look at the board you will see patterns for folding napkins different ways.
1 group folds the "boat" and sets the table for drinking tea
Group 2 folds the "Bunny" and sets the table for dinner
Group 3 folds the "Envelope" serving the Kazakh table
3. Introductory briefing:
Before starting work, students should be told about the rules for decorating and table setting.
3.1 Working with a knife
3.2 Working with cymbals
3.3 Working with kitchen appliances
3.4 Design Kazakh table appliances
4. Practical work of students:
Table setting
Current briefing - targeted rounds.
1 round - check the organization of workplaces and compliance with safety regulations.
2nd bypass - check the correctness of the construction of the base grid and the technological sequence.
3 round - see the timely completion of work and evaluate independent work.
5. Final briefing:
- analysis of typical errors and their causes;
- performance analysis independent work students;
- Reporting the evaluation of each student's work.
6. Cleaning jobs Home > Document
1.3.1 Technique of making Kazakh round table.
It has long been the custom of the Kazakhs to generously treat the guest, seat him in the most honorable place ( tor). It was considered shameful not to give a hand to a person in difficult times, not to do good to him, not to let him stay for the night, not to treat him. To accept any traveler from distant lands or from a nearby village is an ancient Kazakh custom that still exists. “Take bread and salt, tell the truth,” people say. At the same time, it was customary not to ask the guest who he was, where he came from, friend or foe, until the guest quenched his thirst and hunger. The traditional dining table of the Kazakhs was a low round table (covered), which was covered with a tablecloth or oilcloth. Sat on nightmare(felt pillows or bedspreads), on which long, narrow wadded blankets.
Boards can be used to make a low round table. But not every board is suitable for this. We need boards made of high-grade wood, without defects. Otherwise, the table will not look good. In addition, to obtain a countertop, it is impossible to select boards of the required dimensions and you have to rally the boards in width. It must also be remembered that over time the boards dry out and can change their shape, warp and even crack. Therefore, semi-finished products in the form of wide-sized laminated boards made of wood or plywood are more suitable for the manufacture of countertops. We start making the table by marking the tabletop. markup- is the application contour lines for workpiece. When marking rectangular parts, a ruler and a square are used. With the help of a compass, circles and arcs are drawn to mark round parts. We make the markup using a compass, but if there is no large compass, you can use a cord. We take a piece of cord equal to the radius of your countertop, from one end we fix a pencil from the other with a nail or awl and mark the countertop, in my case with a diameter of 1200mm. The table cover is cut out according to the marking of 1200 mm with a tolerance of 1-2 mm. When cutting with a jigsaw big parts not always perfect flat surfaces, therefore, given the allowance, you need to use a planer to adjust the tabletop to right size. Now that the countertop is ready according to the given dimensions, we proceed to ennoble it. To begin with, using a manual milling machine, we chamfer the countertop, giving it a rounded shape. For this we use a special concave cutter. The surface of large parts made of plywood is often covered with several dark knots, in order to remove them we will also use our manual milling machine. We change the previous cutter to a new one, taking in one plane. We set up the machine so that it selects the thickness of the inserted veneer to the depth, and select the dark part of the knot. When all the knots are selected, it is necessary to insert the pieces of veneer cut to the diameter exactly into the selected holes, for this we transfer the size of the selected holes using carbon paper first onto the paper and then onto the veneer. Since the veneer is quite easy to cut with scissors, we cut it out, then grease it with PVA glue and insert the veneer into the selected holes, adjusting it to the texture of the main layer of wood, and clamp our patch with a clamp or apply a load, for 6-12 hours until the glue dries completely. In order for our table to be convenient for storage and transportation, we saw it into two halves, for further connection with the help of piano canopies. Now it is more convenient for further processing, and you can grind the tabletop with sandpaper manually or using a grinder. After we have connected both halves of the tabletop with the help of piano canopies, we can fix the guides for the legs on its lower part. To do this, we drill through holes with a diameter of 1.5-2 mm, and with a drill along the diameter of the screw head we make a hole under them, and with a screwdriver we fix the guides. Using acrylic putty on wood, we overwrite the drilled holes, then we grind these places. Table: Putty and putty.
| Type of putty | Ability to fix a defect |
| putty for wood | Wood putty, also called liquid or plastic wood, is the most commonly used type of putty. It is made from wood flour and a quick-drying binder. This putty can be thinned with acetone and, after drying, made usable again. As a rule, due to the binder, it absorbs less stain than the surrounding wood surface. Therefore, the putty should be painted in the desired tone before use on the surfaces to be stained. |
| End wood putty | End wood putty consists of scraped end wood and sanding dust mixed with glue. This type of putty does not absorb stain. Therefore, prior to use on the surfaces to be stained, the putty must be painted in the desired tone. The smeared areas should dry well, if the flat sanding is too early, the smeared areas will be noticeable. |
| Wax putty | Wax putty consists mainly of hard wax. It is sold in the form of sticks and is produced in large assortment colors. The putty is melted with a soldering iron or a heated spatula is pressed into the damaged area. The protruding residue is scraped off or ground off. Wax fillers are also used to improve and correct defects in an already treated surface. |
| Shellac putty | Shellac sticks are suitable for filling depressions in surfaces that are to be polished. Shellac fillers can be selected by color, they are used as wax sticks, including for improving and correcting defects in a surface already treated with stain or varnish. Shellac is a natural resin that is obtained from gummilac, which is secreted by insects or plants. |
The glue must be durable and not crack. All these requirements in carpentry cabinetry are met by carpentry glue and PVA glue, called polyvinyl acetate dispersion. Synthetic hardener adhesives such as K-17 and epoxy can also be used for low volume jobs. They give a strong, colorless seam, but so hard that when cleaning the glue exits, the tool quickly becomes dull. PVA glue, a creamy thick liquid that goes on sale in various packaging, becomes transparent when solidified. PVA glue is very convenient for small-scale clean carpentry work, so we use this glue at school. With large bonding surfaces, it requires speed and precision in work due to the fast setting. Being frozen, PVA glue is unsuitable for work. Bonding - extremely milestone work. Since it must be done quickly and clearly, because the process is limited by the lifespan of the wood glue, you should consider the procedure, prepare all the compressive devices: clamps, gaskets, tapes, belts, supports, as well as the workplace, and only then proceed to gluing. Complex products, for example chairs, are glued together. In difficult cases of gluing, it is advisable to do a training dry assembly. If an incorrectly assembled machine can be disassembled, then a glued joinery cannot be disassembled, it can only be destroyed, and only sometimes it is possible to soak in warm water glued knot. Surfaces intended for gluing are protected from dirt, sweat and grease from hands, as well as from oils; the soiled surfaces are washed with acetone.
Gaskets play an important role in bonding. They serve to distribute forces and protect the surface from jamming with an emphasis,
clamps and wedges. The shape of the gasket must match the adjacent surface and correctly distribute the force without shearing and sliding.
The main rule when installing clamps is to keep the pressure force perpendicular to the surface to be glued. The amount of gluing also significantly affects the organization of work. You can spread so much that you don’t have time to install the clamps, some of the glue will thicken, the seam will turn out to be thick and sloppy, or you will generally have to clean off the thickened glue and spread it again. Measures should be taken to prevent parts from sticking to the working substrate, using either metal sheets(duralumin, tin), to which glue does not stick, or paper, which is then peeled off by cycles. Excess glue should be removed.
Before gluing, the product or assembly should be assembled dry on a flat base and make sure that there are no distortions, the joints look tight and clean. For example, the frames of a stool should touch a flat plane with all four corners. Identified distortions are eliminated by fitting and fitting parts. In non-critical places, inaccuracies are corrected by gluing liners and wedges, processing them before gluing. The device inserts during the main gluing leads to sloppy work.
The misalignment detected during dry assembly cannot be eliminated by special compression in the expectation that the product glued under this compression will remain in the corrected form. An interference is formed inside and over time the product will warp. It is also unacceptable to correct the skew due to the thick adhesive seam. Dry assembled units are usually not completely disassembled. This is done so that the product does not crumble, since in this case it will take a lot of time and effort to assemble it, and the gluing time does not allow this. When smearing with glue, the knot is alternately carefully separated and glue is carefully applied from all sides to the cheeks of the spike and eye. There is no special need to coat the ends, as they do not adhere well. Under the shoulders, the glue will go by itself when the spike is planted in the socket. Especially carefully you need to lubricate the deaf connections. To coat the narrow edges of the spike and socket, you will need a thin bristle brush. The most important condition good quality gluing is the correct compression and holding under the press and after it. Joiner's glue should be kept in compression for a day, PVA glue - at least 3 hours. After that, the part is kept for another day before being put into further processing. Carpentry preparation involves cleaning the surface of the wood and subsequent sanding. Especially careful preparation requires a wood surface for a transparent finish. The surface of the wood is sanded first with a coarse-grained sandpaper, then with a medium-grained one, and finally with a fine-grained one. Manual grinding of the wood surface is as follows: take a smooth wooden block, wrap it with a skin and only after that they proceed directly to work. Grinding without special efforts(pressure), as with strong pressure, the quality of grinding deteriorates. Before the end of grinding, the surface of the wood is moistened with water to lift the pile; raised pile is easily removed by sanding. Grinding skins are the basis on which grinding grains are fixed with a binder. The skins are released on linen and paper basis in rolls and sheets; calico, coarse calico, etc. are used as a linen base, and paper as a paper base. Depending on the binding material, the skins are waterproof and non-waterproof; according to the type of abrasives used, corundum, glass, silicon skins, etc. are distinguished. A well-polished surface should be smooth, clean and silky to the touch. Joinery products are operated in conditions of variable humidity and temperature, therefore, in order to protect wood from the harmful effects of air, moisture, pollution and light, they are painted or varnished. In addition, painted or lacquered products have a more elegant appearance; they are easier to keep clean. After preparing the wood for the base of the chair, we proceed to staining. Staining can be superficial or deep. Deep staining is called mordant. The parts are treated with mordant before gluing, dipping them in a dye solution or keeping them under pressure in it. The paint should drain from the part taken out of the mordant, after which the part is dried. Dipping paint chiseled details.
The color of the stain or paint should approximate the natural colors of the wood without any chemical tint. You can use ready-made alcohol stain, but for light wood it is weak in tone, and to get a dark tone it needs to be stained in several passes with a swab, each time over a dried surface. It should be remembered that the depth of tone is created by applying several paint layers with intermediate rubbing of the previous layer with a piece of foam rubber. Coloring at one time usually does not give the desired result. It is better to repeat the operation several times than to paint with a thick solution at once. In this case, the wood will be painted evenly and the natural shades, being enhanced, will be preserved. With a thick color, you can make spots that do not match the natural shades of the tree.
Alcohol based paints dry faster than water based paints. By staining, you can imitate common, cheap breeds, under valuable ones: for example, alder or beech - under mahogany, birch - under maple, walnut, hornbeam - under ebony etc.
For mahogany staining, 4% (40 g per liter) solutions of acid red, acid brown and nigrosine are mixed in equal proportions or dissolved in 1 liter hot water 10 g acid orange, 3 g blue "K" and 1 g soda ash. With a solution of 30 g of Epsom salts and 30 g of potassium permanganate in 1 liter of water, a birch is painted under a walnut, and first they are painted completely, and then veins and stripes are made with a thin brush. In this case, you should look at a natural sample.
Wood, which has tannins in its composition, is well stained with a chrompic solution, which is easy to prepare yourself. Chrompic (potassium bichromate) is poured into a bottle at 1/6 of its height - powder orange color, which is a strong oxidizing agent, and pour hot water. The mixture must be shaken for better dissolution. Chroma oak and mahogany can be painted almost black in a few times. How chrompeak affects other breeds should be checked each time by experience. He does not stain conifers. The composition can be stored in a bottle in a cabinet for an unlimited time. The compositions of chemical aniline dyes cannot be stored in mixtures - they quickly decompose. They are well stored in homogeneous solutions in the dark. Chemical dyes can be purchased at the chemical store.
Before staining, the surface must be slightly moistened with a sponge. The stain is applied with wide strokes along the fibers using a wide cloth swab. The device of the tampon should be given attention. It should be at least 6 cm in diameter, soft but not loose, and tied securely so that the tail is comfortable enough to hold in the hand. The tampon is stuffed with cotton wool or, much better, with wool and wrapped with new linen or cotton cloth. Synthetics are not recommended.
The tampon moistened and impregnated with stain is pressed against the edge of the vessel. It is not recommended to apply paint with a brush, as the brush quickly gives it to the surface, on which streaks and stains remain. The depth of tone is achieved by repeated staining. The ends absorb paint more than the face, so the ends can be covered with glue water before work. True, here there is a danger of getting a spotty surface, since there may be traces of fat in the glue, and it is difficult to obtain the very depth of the adhesive film equal over the entire plane of the butt.
The finishing of parts that should have a different color than the main background is done separately, and then the part is carefully put into place.
The stained surface receives more dark color, but remains matte due to very small fibers that have risen above the surface and reflect light. If these fibers are glued into a single plane, the surface will become darker and more expressive. This is achieved by varnishing. Lacquering is a very common way of finishing joinery, mainly furniture. For this, alcohol, oil and nitrocellulose varnishes are used. Lacquer transparent coatings protect wood from moisture and dust, give the surface a strong shine, and texture contrast. Oil varnishes form durable moisture-resistant coatings with a high gloss; they are used for products located in places with high humidity air. Alcohol varnishes give a soft sheen, the resulting film is not sufficiently moisture resistant; they are used for finishing furniture that is not exposed to variable temperatures and humidity. Nitro-varnishes are used for exterior and interior work. They form high gloss coatings and are more moisture resistant than alcohol varnishes. Varnishes are solutions of resins in oil, ethyl alcohol or other solvents. They go on sale in ready-made. All varnishes are divided by color into light and colored, or pigmented. When buying varnish, you need to pay attention to its name and methods of application, which are indicated on the label. There are methods of surface and deep dyeing; the first of these is more suitable for a transparent finish. Wood has a complex composition and uneven structure, in the same piece there are dense and porous places. The composition, structure and color of wood have a significant impact on dyeing. For example, knots are poorly stained, excess resin on certain parts of the surface adversely affects the uniformity of staining. Moisture also prevents the dye from penetrating into the wood, reducing its coloring power. In order to make a solution of such a color with which it would be possible to obtain a good color for one or another type of wood, the dyes are mixed. In this case, you should know that acid dyes can only be mixed with acid, basic - with basic. So, for example, to dye birch wood in a reddish-brown tone, you need to take 4 g of Beitz N 12, 1 g of Ruby dye, 1 g of Maringo dye, 200 g of water. For dyeing in Cherry color make up a solution of dyes: 1 g of acid chromium yellow H, 5 g of chromium brown K, 1.5 g of acid black, 5 g ammonia, 500 g of water. To imitate walnut birch, use: walnut stain - 5 g, Beitz N 10 - 0.5 g, diluted in 250 g of water. Under mahogany: Stain N 12 - 5.25 g, "Ruby" - 1 g, "Maringo" - 1.25 g, water - 250 g. The wood of birch, pine, spruce, larch and beech can be dyed brown with a solution : 3 g acid chromium brown, 2 cm acetic acid, aluminum alum 11 g, water 1 l. The wood of oak, poplar, beech and hornbeam is painted black with water-soluble nigrosine, which is taken for 250 g of water 12.5 g. In order for our work to go through the right way, it is necessary to observe general rules safety precautions when working on woodworking equipment. Modern woodworking equipment is equipped with high-speed cutting tools, feed mechanisms and other devices. When working on woodworking machines, you need to know and strictly follow the following general safety rules:
- you can not start working on the machine without studying its device, operation and basic safety rules; you can only work on a fully functional machine; the cutting tool and all moving parts must be securely fastened and protected; protective devices should be simple, easy to remove and recline, without complicating the observation of the work process; do not work on the machine with removed or defective protective devices; when changing the dimensions of the material being processed, the protective devices must be adjusted quickly and easily, without the use of special tools; the power feed must be interlocked with the cutting tool trigger to avoid it being turned on before the cutting tool is started; parts of woodworking machines that quickly return to their original position must be provided with reliable braking devices; it is forbidden to brake cutting tools and other moving parts by random objects; machine controls (buttons, levers, handles) should be at a height of 0.8-1.2 m from the floor level and no further than 0.6 m from the machine in such a place that they have free access (accidental activation of them is excluded ); with a push-button control system, it is necessary that the “Start” button be recessed into the frame by at least 5 mm, and the “Stop” button of bright red color should be nearby, but not closer than 50 mm and protrude from the frame by at least 3 mm; when working on the machine, you need to be careful not to talk to strangers; it is impossible to remove waste, clean and lubricate the machine during operation (for this it must be stopped and disconnected from the mains); at each workplace there should be a box or cabinet for storing tools, testing devices and fixtures; do not put keys, rulers and other tools on the machine; machines, when working on which constant supervision of the correct execution of operations (milling, tenoning, etc.) is necessary, must have local lighting; there should be nothing superfluous in the workplace; passages near the machines should be free, the floor should be even; when turning off the machine, you must not move away from it until it stops completely; at the end of the work, the machine must be cleaned and lubricated.
Artistic traditions of the Kazakh national costume in the modern practice of clothing design 17. 00. 04 Fine, arts and crafts and architecture
abstractThe defense will take place "" in 2010 at "" hours at a meeting of the dissertation council K 53.40.04 for the defense of dissertations for the degree of candidate of art history at the Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T.
Approve the attached programs of preschool education and training
ProgramIn order to implement the State Compulsory Standard of Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan " preschool education and training. Basic Provisions",
Traditional ornamental art of the Kazakhs in the steppe zone of Western Siberia at the end of the 19th and 20th centuries
abstractThe work was carried out in the sector of historical museology of the Omsk branch of the Institution Russian Academy Sciences of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (EP IAET SB RAS)
Table setting for dinner. Kazakh table setting
Author: Sharipova Nursulu Kadyrbekovna, technology teacher of the multidisciplinary gymnasium No. 5 "Tandau", Kokshetau. Kazakhstan. The technology lesson plan is designed for school-age children.Topic: Table setting for dinner, table setting features of Kazakh cuisine
The purpose of the lesson: Teach table setting, table setting features of Kazakh cuisineTasks: Educational - teach the correct folding of napkins, the design of plates
Educational- to cultivate interest in culinary work, aesthetic taste; to inculcate the skills of a culture of work and behavior.
Educational– to promote the development of a culture of nutrition, to promote the formation and development of students' independence
Lesson methods: Explanation, demonstration of visualizations, practical work, self-control.
Interdisciplinary connections: Drawing, history of Kazakhstan, self-knowledge.
Material and technical equipment of the lesson: folding napkins, tools, fixtures, kitchen utensils samples of labor objects, workbook;
Lesson plan:
1. Organizational moment
2. Presentation of new material
3. Introductory briefing
4. Practical work of students
5. Final briefing
6. Cleaning jobs and homework
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment:
1.1. Greetings;
1.2. Monitoring student attendance;
1.3. Checking the readiness of students for the lesson;
2. Presentation of new material:
Table decorations for dinner and at any other time are a traditional part of the food culture of any nation. It's like a ritual, arrange it so that it is tasty and interesting to have dinner. Folding napkins under a certain table of original figures makes dostarkhan even richer. The design of the Kazakh national dastarkhan differs in many ways, even the shape of the table, which is made in a circle.
First of all, you should pay attention to the tablecloth and table - this is the basis of your serving. Usually they choose a tablecloth of predominantly light shades, a snow-white canvas looks especially good. If the table has a polished finish, then lay an oilcloth under the tablecloth.
According to the rules, the corners of the tablecloth should hide the legs of the table (we take a square or rectangular table as a basis). The descent of the tablecloth should be at least 25 centimeters, but also not fall below the level of the seat.
It is also better to spread the canvas in a classic way: they open it on the table, then take it by the ends on one side, lift it up and, “shaking it”, sharply lower it down. Thus, an air gap is formed between the canvas and the table surface, which makes it possible to better place the tablecloth. But pulling the corners of the canvas and stretching it is strictly prohibited!
Napkins also play an important role in table setting. You can choose them to match the tablecloth, you can play on the contrast and choose napkins to match the flower arrangement or candles.
Look at the board and you will see patterns for folding napkins in different ways.
1 group folds the "boat" and sets the table for drinking tea
Group 2 folds the "Bunny" and sets the table for dinner
Group 3 folds the "Envelope" serving the Kazakh table
3. Introductory briefing:
Before starting work, students should be told about the rules for decorating and table setting.
3.1 Working with a knife
3.2 Working with cymbals
3.3 Working with kitchen appliances
3.4 Serving the Kazakh table
4. Practical work of students:
Table setting
Current briefing - targeted rounds.
1 round - check the organization of workplaces and compliance with safety regulations.
2nd bypass - check the correctness of the construction of the base grid and the technological sequence.
3 round - see the timely completion of work and evaluate independent work.
5. Final briefing:
- analysis of typical errors and their causes;
- analysis of the performance of students' independent work;
- Reporting the evaluation of each student's work.
6. Cleaning jobs
Cuisines of the peoples of the world... Sounds tempting, intriguing, doesn't it? Especially if among the products from which national dishes are prepared, there are many unusual for our table and stomach. But it's always interesting to know what they eat on the other side of the world. Or at least in a neighboring state. This article is a small guide to the cultural culinary traditions of one of the Central Asian countries.
National color and life
The topic of our conversation is Kazakh cuisine. If we compare the life history of the Central Asian peoples, their way of life and customs, cuisines and ways of cooking, then the Kazakhs stand somewhat apart from other nationalities. They led a nomadic way of life until the 19th century, the nationality itself was formed only at the end of the 16th century. The ancestors of the current Kazakhs are Turkic-speaking tribes. And Kazakh cuisine, the culture of processing, storing, preparing and preparing food were associated with the peculiarities of people's life. They used horse meat, camel meat, lamb, beef and dairy products as the main food raw materials: cheeses, koumiss, different types of milk. The national Kazakh cuisine was originally extremely poor in vegetables, grain crops, and herbs. Even the first courses as such - soups, borscht and other things - were not prepared before. Indeed, in addition to food, the Kazakhs did not have the necessary kitchen utensils. The “dishes” for the housewives were sacks made of mutton and mare skin, where milk was sour for koumiss, cheeses were stored and meat was cooked. Kazakh cuisine began to include fried food only in the 18th century, when household the people have cast iron cauldrons and frying pans.
Features of eating
So, initially the Kazakh table consisted of boiled meat and various types of fermented milk products. In addition, the traditionally nomadic people stored a lot of semi-finished meat products that would be well preserved in the hot and arid steppe climate. Therefore, the national Kazakh cuisine is various types smoking, drying, salting meat separately, preparing sausages, offal. milk in fresh Kazakhs never drank and do not drink mostly to this day. But dry milk concentrates, cheeses, spoiled milk eaten constantly. So if we use modern terminology, the national dishes of Kazakh cuisine are mostly cold table dishes. And only at the beginning of the 20th century, when the people switched to a stable settled way of life, did the people have a more varied food - using flour, dough (flat cakes, beshbarmak, manti, etc.), vegetables, greens. At the same time, there were active culinary borrowings from neighboring peoples - Tajiks, Uzbeks, Dungans and others, whose cuisines were more than one hundred years old and were extremely diverse. The Kazakhs were also influenced by Russian culinary traditions - cooking potatoes, carrots and radishes, cucumber salads and others. fresh vegetables. And the table of a modern Kazakh family is filled with a variety of dishes of international cuisine.
Lamb brisket with radish: ingredients
So, you already have an idea of what Kazakh cuisine is. Her recipes are, of course, somewhat exotic for us. But let's try to cook a couple of dishes from those products that are familiar to our stomachs. After all, you definitely won’t bring horsemeat home from the market! But one and a half to two kg of lamb brisket with ribs will be what you need. And we will cook a meat delicacy called "Kabyrga". In addition to a good piece of lamb, you will need a large radish, 3-4 onions, and one and a half heads of garlic. The food is quite spicy in taste, because at least 1 teaspoon of black ground pepper(or more) or one and a half or two pods of burning. Kazakh dishes are mostly fatty. Therefore, for kabyrga, it is necessary from 100 g of melted lamb fat (you can replace it with half a glass of sunflower oil, but the flavor of the dish will not be the same) and one and a half glasses of rich meat broth.
Cooking
We begin to conjure over food with the preparation of meat. It should be a solid layer, a fairly regular rectangular shape. Leave a piece of bones no more than 4 cm near the brisket on one side. Beat the meat. Mix pepper and salt, chop the garlic, rub the lamb with this mixture. Roll it into a roll, securing the edge by the bones. To make sure that the meat does not unwind, tie it with a harsh thread. Put fat or pour oil into a deep frying pan or cauldron, heat well and put the roll into it. Fry well on all sides, then pour in the broth, make the fire small and simmer for about an hour, not forgetting to turn over. During this time, peel the onion and radish, cut into cubes and, about 15 minutes before the end of the stew, put the vegetables in the roast. They will serve as a side dish. Free the finished roll from the threads, cut into portions and serve both hot and cold. Hearty and very tasty!
Kazakh barbecue (toast)
It is unlikely that we will find a person who would have a negative attitude towards barbecue. And there are many recipes for cooking. We will now discuss one of the ways. The dish, as you understand, is again meat, and again lamb. Take a good piece of pulp, you can also brisket. Be sure to need a young lamb - it is juicier and more tender, and therefore tastier. Along the rib bones, cut it into several wide strips along with the fat. String on skewers or skewers, fry on coals. When the toasts are almost fried, they should be removed, rub well with a mixture of a teaspoon of salt, chopped onion and garlic. Then put it back on the skewers and fry until soft. Lamb prepared in this way turns out to be very fragrant, literally melting in your mouth. Amazingly delicious toasts! Cut the lamb into thin strips and serve!
Whey semi-finished product
very interesting and useful product it will turn out if you use the Kazakh recipe for making sarsa. What it is? A kind of "extract" from whey and buttermilk. Suppose you did cottage cheese and whipped up butter. Or bought whey and buttermilk in the market (10 liters, less does not make sense). Pour both products into a cast iron or large enameled pan. Put it on low heat and boil the liquid until the contents begin to thicken and become clearly viscous. Allow the mass to cool slightly, and then form cakes from the boiling. Dry them in the oven. Sarsy flat cakes can be eaten as an independent product, by the way, very tasty. Can be crushed and added to pastry dough, white sauces and gravies. To improve the taste of the product, salt it during cooking.
Curd balls
Cottage cheese can be an excellent ingredient in the preparation of many great dishes. One of them is called completely incomprehensibly - baursak. In fact, these are cottage cheese balls prepared in a special way. Take half a kilogram of fermented milk product, 2 chicken eggs, 75-80 g butter or margarine, 2/3 cup sifted flour, salt, ground pepper to taste and vegetable oil for roasting. How to make balls: mash and wipe the cottage cheese through a sieve. Whisk the eggs and stir in the curd. Mash the butter and add to the preparation. Add flour, salt and pepper, knead thoroughly. Take a little of the resulting dough and roll into small balls. Throw them in a saucepan with boiling water, boil (the balls should float), remove with a colander, spread on a sieve to dry. Now roll each in flour and fry in hot oil in a cast iron so that the balls form a golden crust. Serve them hot with sour cream or cold. As you can see, Kazakh national dishes can be quite acceptable for Europeans!
delicious dessert
Cottage cheese balls or baursak can be prepared not only salty, but also sweet. To do this, in the cottage cheese, in addition to salt, put sugar, a little vanilla. You can add pieces of candied fruits, nuts, raisins. Or dried fruit. Next, cook sweet balls in the same way as salty ones. After they are fried, cool slightly and roll in powdered sugar. Well, very, very tasty!