Hazel grouse - varieties and varieties, autumn planting dates and care
Flower hazel grouse (Fritillaria) is a frequent guest in our gardens. In nature, there are more than 150 varieties of it, growing in the middle part of Russia and Asian countries. Latin name species comes from the word fritillus - a vessel for dice. And in Russia, they paid attention to the variegated color of the flowers and called the plant hazel grouse.
Fritillaria - exquisite and luxury flower
Grouse - description and features
Fritillaria refers to perennial plants that overwinter and reproduce with the help of bulbs (Latin bulbus), consisting of many wide scales. Bulbs should be handled with care - they do not have an integumentary part, so the scales are easily damaged.
The ground stem of some varieties of fritillaria resembles a miniature palm tree. For this plant was nicknamed the tree of paradise. Lanceolate leaves are grouped or scattered along the trunk. The flowers of the hazel grouse are drooping (shown in the photo), appear one at a time or gather with an umbrella at the top. Attract everyone's attention with a bright and unusual color.
Grouse flowers resemble bells tilting their heads Fritillaria seeds are in a multifaceted box, sometimes winged, but wingless bowl.
It is interesting. The hazel grouse is a classic ephemeroid. It has a very short growing season, lasting just over three weeks.
Gardeners love fritillaria not only for its exquisite beauty, but also for the benefits it brings to the garden. It is believed that the flower has a characteristic smell that repels the bear and the mole. Growing a plant in a flowerbed with spring flowers or around the perimeter of the site, you can try to protect the garden from rodents in this way.
Types of hazel grouse
The classification of fritillaria is quite complicated, so we will focus only on the most interesting varieties and varieties.
Hazel grouse Imperial (Royal)
This is exotic plant invariably causes delight and admiration among gardeners. The imperial hazel grouse flower is dazzlingly beautiful and stands out among spring flowers with its huge growth and a hat of beautiful bells. The height of the trunk often exceeds 1 meter, and the bulb can reach a circumference of 20 cm and weigh more than a kilogram.
The most beautiful varieties:
- Prolifera - distinguished by a double row of orange flowers. Because of this, the plant looks like a fairy tale;
- Orange Diamond - orange exotic;
- Aurora - the hazel grouse is not tall, only 60 cm, but has large and catchy buds of orange color;
- Flava is a yellow-flowered form;
- Maxima Rubra - bright red flowers;
- Lutea (Tears of Mary) is an orange variety.
Any of these varieties is so beautiful that it is impossible to look away. How the royal hazel grouse blooms is shown in the photo.
Prolifera - best grade Imperial hazel grouse Vegetation Imperial fritillaria begins very early. Already at the end of April, dark green shoots resembling arrows appear from the ground. They grow quickly and by mid-May reach a meter height. The leaves of the hazel grouse plant are grouped at the bottom of the stem and at the top, where bright buds appear by the end of May.
It is interesting. Flowering of the Royal fritillaria lasts about 20 days, in cool weather a little longer.
Having finished the growing season, the stems and leaves of the hazel grouse turn yellow, and boxes with seeds appear in place of the flowers. Bulbs begin to ripen after lodging of leaves.
In addition to the Imperial, there are other, no less beautiful and popular types of hazel grouse. Maybe they are not so majestic, but gentle and refined.
The plant is 25–35 cm high. The flower is bell-shaped, often solitary, burgundy in color with a mottled pattern. The cultural form has several varieties - white-flowered and terry. The plant reproduces by bulbs and seed material. The unusual color of the chess hazel grouse is shown in the photo. The variety is unpretentious.
The variegated hazel grouse flower resembles a chessboard Grouse Mikhailovsky
A cute and miniature plant barely reaches 20 cm. Burgundy, with golden edging, flowers attract everyone's attention. Dense and smooth petals shine so that they reflect the sun. I want to look at them like in a mirror. The variety is not cold hardy enough harsh winter may freeze.
Mikhailovsky's hazel grouse is surprisingly tender and beautiful The plant does not exceed 40 cm. Up to four flowers appear on one stem in the form of an inverted bell. In the photo of the Russian hazel grouse, you can clearly see how the upper leaves twist with antennae, helping the flower to cling to the bushes growing nearby.
The Russian hazel grouse has an original structure of the upper leaves - in the form of antennae Very peculiar plant up to 1 meter high. The trunk is literally strewn with small bell flowers. On one shoot they can be 25-30 pieces. The variety loves heat very much and rarely blooms in regions with a temperate climate. The photo of the Persian hazel grouse shows how original the flower is and does not look like its counterparts.
Fritillaria Persian differs from other hazel grouses in the number of flowers hazel grouse Kamchatka
Another interesting variety. graceful plant 50 cm high has a single flower of rich purple color with bright yellow stamens. Unlike other hazel grouses, it prefers damp, peat-rich places. The bulb with a diameter of 5 cm consists of small, the size of the picture, replacing the scales.
Fritillaria Kamchatka grows well in the lowlands How to grow a hazel grouse
Planting and caring for grouse flowers often confuses plant growers, although, if you look, there is nothing complicated about it. Knowing some secrets will help both novice lovers of beauty and enthusiastic natures with experience.
Landing
Fritillaria is a very handy flower for busy people. It does not have to be re-planted every year. It is enough to do this procedure every 2-3 seasons and enjoy the bright spring flowering.
Planting a hazel grouse in open ground and subsequent care for it begins in the fall. For plants, a light one is selected, fertile soil and a warm, well-lit area.
Landing dates
If hazel grouse bulbs are purchased in a store, they are stored in a dry, ventilated place until they are planted in the ground. Own excavated material is cleaned from the ground, treated with a fungicide, dried and laid out in boxes.
Advice. The onion itself will tell you that the time has come for planting - tubercles will appear on the bottom and roots will begin to grow.
This usually happens at the beginning of September. If the bulb is overdried, it is unlikely to germinate, so you should carefully monitor the condition of the bulbs. When postponing the planting date, it is recommended to place the bulbs in a moist substrate and put them in the refrigerator. This way they are better preserved.
healthy bulb should be juicy and clean All seasonal work with fritillaria complete until the end of September. Disembarkation in more late dates may result in a lack of spring flowering.
Landing Rules
So, how to plant grouse in the fall? Do not start work on a rainy day cold weather. Bulbs placed in damp soil may rot.
Bulb Planting Depth The site chosen for fritillaria should be cleared of weeds, added to 1 m² of area in a bucket of peat or humus and coarse sand. Acidic soils need to be limed.
Landing guide:
- Treat all material with a strong solution of potassium permanganate or fungicide;
- Prepare holes with a depth of 2-3 bulbs (about 20 cm);
- Put a layer of drainage on the bottom and add a teaspoon of flower fertilizer;
- Place the bulb on the prepared bed with the roots down and cover with soil;
- If necessary, water the ground and mulch with a layer of peat or sawdust.
On this autumn events are running out. Further work care will begin in the spring.
Grouse care
Fritillary flowers are unpretentious plants, but without proper supervision they may not bloom. Therefore, you should try and spend a little time landing.
In early spring, right on the melting crust, full mineral fertilizer in granules. After the snow melts, the soil is loosened and waiting for shoots. At the time of the appearance of the buds, the plants are once again fed with Agricola.
During the growing season, hazel grouses are watered as necessary and gently loosened upper layer soil. After dropping the flowers, ash or potassium and superphosphate are added to the ground, then mulched with peat.
Until the end of the growing season, several waterings should be carried out, but only if necessary. Bulbs are sampled when the aerial part dies off completely - approximately in the third decade of July. Don't hesitate to clean up. This is especially true in wet, cold summers. The largest and juiciest bulbs, as a rule, rot first.
If the fritillaries do not bloom
Everything seems to be done right. They dug up in time and planted again, fed and mulched, but there were no buds. What could be the reason?
The following factors influence the flowering and development of fritillaria:
- weather conditions - the previous summer was wet and cold. In this case, the dug bulbs should be well warmed up;
- not big enough planting material- if the bulb is smaller than the standard set for the variety, it will not bloom;
- long stay in one place. In this case, the bulbs begin to actively divide, a lot of fine material that is not ready to bloom;
- superficial or deep landing - the bulb will freeze or spend all its strength on overcoming extra centimeters;
- hard, hard ground. In such a land, the plant quickly rots and you can not expect flowering from it;
- frosty winter without snow cover. To avoid freezing, plantings are densely covered with fallen leaves or spruce branches.
Another reason poor flowering in young plants, untimely removal of the ovary may become. In this case, all the accumulated nutrition will go to the laying of seeds, and not to the growth and formation of bulbs.
reproduction
Growers most often use the vegetative method to propagate the grouse flower, that is, the natural division of the bulbs. True, the method is not the most productive, since fritillaria is not particularly prolific. For example, the Imperial hazel grouse is able to produce only two daughter bulbs per season. In addition, young planting material needs to be grown for several years to standard sizes.
The bulb of the Imperial flower does not produce more than two children It is interesting. It is because of such a long and difficult process that gardeners often resort to seed reproduction.
Breeding rules:
- Fruit boxes are harvested not fully ripe to prevent cracking.
- Seeds are sown immediately after peeling in light, nutritious soil to a depth of 5 cm.
- At the same time, fertilize the flowers.
- The landing site is watered and covered with a film.
The first shoots appear next spring. Seedlings are not dug up, but left in the ground for growing for 2-3 years.
The process of propagation by seeds is very long, but it gives a lot of planting material.
There is another way to reproduce plants - the artificial separation of scales. In this case, healthy large onion break into several parts, which are immediately planted in a school. By the end of August, the scales give roots and leave for the winter. Buds on such plants appear in the third year.
Grouse have faded - what to do next?
After the flowers turn yellow and lose their decorative effect, the stems are cut off, leaving a small stump, and at the end of July they start harvesting. In the cold and rainy summer it is better to do this in the middle of the month, without waiting until the bulbs rot.
Washed and dried bulbs are laid out in boxes according to varieties. The excavated planting material is cleaned from the ground, washed and lowered for 30 minutes in strong solution potassium permanganate. Then they inspect the scales, clean and disinfect the rotten areas. Processed bulbs are sorted and poured to dry in carton boxes, in which they are kept until planting in the ground.
Storage of planting material
For storage, you should choose a warm and well-ventilated room where there is no sun, and the temperature does not rise above 28 ° C. The bulbs are periodically stirred and inspected, immediately removing the diseased and rotten ones.
Grouse are versatile plants. Tall varieties look great surrounded by small tulips and daffodils. Lower forms are suitable for rocky slides and bright spring mixes. And it’s not scary that they bloom for only three weeks - this time will remain in the gardener’s memory for a long time.
The Latin name fritillaria is from the word fritillus, which means Chess board or a vessel in which dice are placed. All these names are associated with the shape and color of the flower. In Russia, the plant got its name for its resemblance to a bird of the grouse family.
The flowering of hazel grouse is very short - about 20 days. Its onset in most species occurs in the second half of May. The flowers of the hazel grouse are large and hang like an umbrella, as if they lowered their heads. They have a specific smell. He is not tolerated. grouse - great way to drive these animals away from and.
Planting hazel grouse
Many gardeners love hazel grouse for what it is. perennial, and no need to suffer with a landing every year. It reproduces by underground bulbs, consisting of 2-6 scales, in the axils of which there are kidneys. It is from them that new bulbs develop.
Rules for planting grouse bulbs
- Landing time- in September-October. If you plant later, soil and cover with foliage for the winter. But it is impossible to plant much later, otherwise the plants will not grow or simply will not bloom.
- Landing place should be sunny or with partial shade.
- Remember that any damage to the plant bulb will lead to an unsuccessful outcome. Handle it carefully and carefully.
- Preferably before boarding treat the bulbs with a solution of potassium permanganate, for example, and sprinkle with charcoal.
- Do not plant bulbs in too wet and cold soil, this can cause rotting. If there is a possibility of stagnant water at the landing site, make an embankment. Necessary fill the bottom of the planting hole with coarse sand. Fine sand will not work - there is a risk of rotting of young roots.
- planting depth It is determined, as with all bulbs: multiply the length of the bulb by 3 and plant. Bulbs of undersized hazel grouses are planted to a depth of about 12 cm, tall - about 20 cm.
- Bulbs in the hole are best placed sideways and sprinkle with sand - this will avoid the accumulation of moisture.
- The soil should be light and nutritious, with the addition of.
Grouse breeding
There are two ways:1. Reproduction of hazel grouse seeds
- This method is suitable for all types of plants.
- Seeds can be collected after the plant pod has completely dried. It is recommended to sow them in the soil immediately after harvest.
- The soil must be nutritious, as hazel grouse will grow here for several years. Annually for seedlings contribute.
- Seed planting depth - 1 cm.
- Seeds should be sown in furrows about 10 cm wide for good drainage. There should be the same distance between rows. From above, the seeds are sprinkled with a 2 cm layer of peat.
- Seedlings will appear next spring.
- Already biennial bulbs should be dug up and stored in a dry place in the summer. This is done to protect them from soil moisture. It's comparatively difficult process, some of the bulbs may die.
- If you grow seedlings of moisture-resistant hazel grouse, they can be grown in one place for 4 years before flowering, then planted.
2. Vegetative propagation
One parent bulb can be divided into several replacement bulbs. In many species of hazel grouse, the main bulb increases in size and forms baby bulbs. It is these bulbs that have to be grown for several years before flowering. The onion-baby is easily separated from the mother. You can dig up the bulbs once every two years, then the baby bulb to be separated will be already larger and it will be easy to separate it.You can also artificially divide the bulb. To do this, we break the onion, which consists of two scales, dry the separated parts. Their resistance to drying out is lower than that of whole bulbs, so we plant them earlier.
You can choose hazel grouse bulbs in our catalog, which presents products from various online stores.
- (F. persica) strewn with many purple flowers.
The cultivar Ivory Bell has a yellow-green color. Plant height is about 1 m. Very thermophilic and in middle lane may not bloom at all.
- hazel grouse Kamchatka(F. camtschatcensis) has purple or bronze flowers, grows up to 60 cm.
Breeding hazel grouse in your garden, do not forget - they look great and how solitary plant and in groups. Suitable for landing on. seated in different places flower beds, they are also beautiful. And do not be discouraged that their flowering lasts only one month - this is an unforgettable period of summer. .
This original flower increasingly common in garden plots. Even among the huge variety of garden flowers, it stands out unusual view seems exotic. Our gardeners especially like the imperial hazel grouse and the chess hazel grouse.
- a powerful plant, with very strong stems from 60 to 120 cm high. On the top of the peduncle there is a crest, or cap, of beautiful green leaves, under them there are inflorescences similar to an umbrella and consisting of large drooping bell-shaped or cup-shaped flowers 5 - 7 cm in size .
The color of the flowers can be very different: yellow, red, white, orange, and lighter, and more rich color, and with veins, and with a border. From flowering hazel grouse, planted by a group against the backdrop of a lawn or between bushes, you can’t take your eyes off! You can admire them endlessly, but you should not smell - the plant has a very bad smell. But, perhaps, thanks to this very shortcoming, the hazel grouse gained fame as a plant that repels mice and other rodents.
For rocky hills tall hazel grouse is not suitable. To low grades refers to the petals in a box, also a very pretty and quite popular flower. With a height of 30 to 50 cm, it is very good for rockeries and also looks good against the lawn. Especially beautiful are the flowers in a white-lilac cell and white-lilac in a brown cell. Pure white bells look very delicate.
Cultivation and care.
There is an opinion that hazel grouse is an unpretentious plant. This is not entirely true. The first duty is to follow the landing rules.
Bulbs are planted only in autumn - from mid-August to early September. You can not plant later: the plants will not grow as they should and may not bloom next year.
A place for hazel grouse is chosen sunny or light partial shade. The soil should be rich and well-drained. If you deepen the bulbs or plant them in damp, low-lying places, then there will be no outcomes at all. Handle the bulb, consisting of fleshy scales, you need to be careful and careful.
Coarse river sand is poured onto the bottom of the hole prepared for the hazel grouse. Fine quarry sand is not suitable, it negatively affects the bulbs, young roots rot in it. Also, in order to avoid rotting of the bulb in the hole, it is better to lay it on a barrel.
Planting depth is calculated, as for all bulbs. - it should be three times the height of the bulb. After laying the bulb, more sand is added to the hole and organic fertilizers, best prepared flower potting soil, pure or mixed with soil.
The hazel grouse is watered, like all bulbs, remembering that the bulbs of faded plants should not be in dry soil, they need watering 1-2 times a month.
Caring for hazel grouse is the same as for lilies. Feed twice with dry fertilizers.
First time feeding in the third decade of April: take 1 tbsp. for a bucket of humus. spoon "Agricola for flowering plants" and nitrophoska, scatter 3 - 5 kg per 1 m 2 with a layer of 3 - 5 cm.
Second time fed after flowering: scatter on 1 m 2 1 tbsp. a spoonful of superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
Can be added under plants during flowering wood ash. It is scattered around, and after that the plant is mulched with peat or humus (up to 3 cm layer).
The hazel grouse begins to bloom from the second half of May, flowering is short up to 18-20 days.
Faded grouse for some time still pleasing to the eye due to its beautiful leaves, but by the first decade of July, the plant loses its decorative effect, and its entire ground part must be cut off. In order not to forget where the hazel grouse grows, and not to accidentally dig up the soil in this place, one should somehow mark it.
Grouse are propagated by dividing the nest of bulbs. Divide the bush every 4 - 5 years. Immediately after flowering, the ground part is cut off, the bulbs are taken out of the ground and separated.
Landings are carried out only in the fall. Some gardeners plant hazel grouse in the spring and are disappointed when they don't sprout in the summer. They should not be, they will only appear on next year spring. But the planted bulbs need to be watered a little.
It is very difficult to propagate hazel grouse with seeds. Seeds sown in July sprout only the following year in the spring, and the plant will bloom only in the fifth year.
Fine( 4 ) Badly( 1 )
Planting hazel grouse and care in open field does not require special skills, so each gardener can independently cope with this task. It is enough just to know the characteristics of these plants, as well as to provide the maximum favorable conditions for their growth.
Flowers hazel grouse and their varieties
The hazel grouse, or popularly the tree of paradise, resembles a palm plant. This is perennial flower with a specific smell that repels small animals such as mice, moles and shrews. Fritillaries are considered a primrose in gardens, with flowers of many varieties appearing in early spring. The duration of flowering averages 20 days. Planting hazel grouse in open ground is carried out in the fall, flower care is similar to.
Varieties of hazel grouse:
Planting hazel grouse flowers
Many gardeners are wondering when it is preferable to plant hazel grouse in the open field. It is considered that the most favorable time for planting flowers is the beginning of autumn. When choosing a place, you must remember that plants love sunlight, a partial shade location will only be acceptable for some varieties. The depth for each flower is individual, it should be 3 times over size bulbs.
Planting hazel grouse in the open field and caring for them in the Moscow region differs from caring for plants in the south of our country in terms of the depth of planting bulbs and the amount of watering. This is due to the difference in climate, winter time years in the Moscow region can be very coldy, and in summer period may fall out a large number of precipitation. Therefore, you should not rely on all recommendations without taking into account the conditions of the local climate. For drying the soil and as a fertilizer, it is permissible to use charcoal.
Planting hazel grouse in spring in open ground is permissible only for plants of late flowering. Boarding goes like this:
- Preparing a flower hole that won't get too wet. Often coarse-grained sand is added to the hole, which helps to get rid of excess moisture.
- The bulbs of the plant must be dried beforehand.
- The bulbs are carefully placed sideways in the prepared soil, even minor damage can lead to decay.
- The hole is lightly covered with sand.
plant care
Planting hazel grouse in open ground does not imply special care. It is important to remember the following care rules that apply to many colors:
- Plant bulbs should be moistened at least 2 times a month, since dry soil is detrimental to flowers.
- After flowering, often this time falls on July, it is required to completely cut off the part of the plant located on the surface of the earth.
- Plant nutrition is carried out twice a season.
In winter with little snow, the plant must be additionally covered to prevent the bulbs from freezing. For this, spruce branches or reeds are perfect.
fertilizers
Planting hazel grouse and caring for them in the open field during flowering periods involve fertilizing with fertilizer. flowering plants should be fed complex fertilizer in dry form, combining it with humus. It is enough to scatter the resulting mass around the perimeter of the site and only then pour water over it.
In the cold period, it is important to add minerals such as potassium and to the usual fertilizer. Fertilization is carried out in the usual way.
Diseases
These plants require special moisture, with inappropriate care, rotting of the bulbs may begin. To eliminate this disease, you should carefully dig the plant out of the ground and treat the bulbs infected with rot with a weak solution of manganese. After this procedure, it is necessary to completely dry the plant and only then plant them in the ground again.
Behind imperial hazel grouse outdoors required special care. Often, the plant does not bloom for a long time, the problem may be insufficient depth in the soil, which leads to freezing of the bulbs.
From planting to flowering - video
Chess hazel grouse - interesting and unpretentious bulbous plant up to 30 cm high. Of particular interest are flowers in the form of bells with a dark mesh pattern, somewhat reminiscent of honeycombs. When the hazel grouse blooms, I want to look at the pattern on its petals for a long time: it is so symmetrical that it seems as if printed. Flowering lasts about two weeks, in cool weather - a little longer and falls in mid-May.
Varieties of hazel grouse
All varieties of hazel grouse are absolutely winter-hardy in the conditions of the Moscow region. They can be planted in groups in varieties or combined in one place dark and white varieties.
Dark varieties look spectacular Jupiter , Mars , Orion and Saturnus . Against their background, white-flowered varieties are good. Alba and Aphrodite . The most contrasting Sharon and Atemis , large "honeycombs" of dark color are applied on a light background.
Planting hazel grouse chess
When purchasing bulbs, carefully inspect the planting material: it should not have dried or brown scales. Often plants are sold in opaque bags, then I determine the quality of the planting material by weight and choose a heavier bag: live bulbs are light in weight, and dried and unsuitable for planting are weightless.
Place for planting hazel grouse
The hazel grouse looks spectacular on Alpine rollercoaster or against the background of dwarf conifers. The plant prefers planting in the sun or in light partial shade. In full shade, the hazel grouse gradually ceases to bloom, and then disappears. When placing a hazel grouse near conifers, it is necessary to observe that over time their branches do not cover and shade the plants, otherwise it will have to be transplanted.
Hazel grouse is not picky about soil fertility, it grows well on wet peat bogs with a high location ground water in the conditions of the Moscow region, and is a real find for planting in swampy areas.
For more information on the plantings in which hazel grouse can be used, read the article:
Grouse planting dates
Plant bulbs purchased at the store are planted immediately after purchase - they can be found on the shelves since the beginning of August. Bulbs are often sold at a discount until mid-October, however, you should not be tempted to make such a purchase, this is already completely dried up planting material, which cannot be reanimated. The bulbs of all types of hazel grouse dry quickly outside the soil, therefore, in store conditions they can remain alive for no more than a month, they can be purchased until mid-September.
If you need to transplant a chess hazel grouse in your garden, then the best time for this - the moment of lodging and yellowing of the leaves. It is not necessary to wait for the complete death of the leaves - there is a risk of making a mistake with the planting site and damaging the bulbs when digging.
How to plant a hazel grouse
To properly plant a chess hazel grouse, I cook sand cushion from river or ordinary sand a layer of 10 cm and I fall asleep on top of it. I place the bulbs with a slight tilt to the side so that water does not stagnate in the recess of the bulb. I fall asleep planting with compost, while deepening the bulbs by 5-7 cm.
For more information on how and when to plant bulbous plants, read the articles:
Chess hazel grouse care
Grouse chess in the conditions of the Moscow region is an ideal bulbous plant. Unlike imperial hazel grouse, it does not need to be dug up annually to dry. The plant is able to grow in one place without a transplant for up to 10 years. The chess hazel grouse is so grateful in care that it will successfully lay the foundation for collecting other interesting species.
More about growing early spring flowers read the article:
pruning hazel grouse
After flowering, if there are no plans for propagation by seeds, the faded hazel grouse inflorescences must be cut off. Seed formation takes considerable strength from the plant, and if the seed pods are left to ripen, the next year's flowering may be weaker.
Top dressing hazel grouse
At the hazel grouse short period vegetation, like most spring bulbs, so it does not need top dressing. In early spring or autumn, I mulch with hazel grouse planting compost and do not apply more fertilizer. This care provides the plant additional food and helps keep the bulbs intact in case of snowless frosts.
Svetlana Samoilova, amateur florist, collector of rare plants
For more information on growing perennial flowers, read the article: