Primary primer for cars. Primer for the car. What is non-sanding primer

Priming a car with your own hands is much easier than doing it, because smudges on the ground are quite difficult to make. primer is so simple that anyone can master it. In order to qualitatively prime the car yourself, it is enough to familiarize yourself with the theory once.

Priming the machine is best done in a relatively clean, well-ventilated area that will have a minimum of dust. If we are talking about a local primer, then you should cover the parts that will not be primed with special paper (in extreme cases, newspapers) and masking tape. Before applying the primer, a tool such as a primer sprayer should be prepared in advance.

Primer basics

After gluing the machine, you can begin to dilute the soil. First of all, it must be thoroughly mixed in order to lift heavy components from the bottom of the can, and then diluted with a hardener (it is highly desirable to use only native) and a solvent (preferably native, but 646 is also possible). The proportions must be indicated on the bank. It is better not to breed by eye, but to use a special container where you can see grams.

It is desirable to filter the finished mixture through a branded filter or ordinary gauze folded 3-4 times. Usually it is enough to apply the primer in 2-3 layers. It is extremely important to adhere to drying between layers of 5-10 minutes. Otherwise, the soil may boil, which is highly undesirable.

On a note

Choice of ground color great importance. The paint should cover the ground so that it does not shine through from different angles. The universal color is grey.

There are also primers in black, white, red and other colors. With this palette, you can mix primers and get the desired color. It is important to remember that the mixed materials must be of the same company.

On a note

Before applying the primer, wipe the machine with an antistatic cloth, then degrease with anti-silicone or alcohol.

According to technology, the first layer must be filled normally. But, if the primer falls on the old paintwork, which in some places is wiped down to the old primer, then it is in these places that the new primer can be undermined. To prevent this, you need to spray the first layer and dry for about 10 minutes. The second and third layers can be poured, then allowed to dry for 24 hours.

You can process the soil both dry and with water. It should be remembered here that soils partially absorb water, which eventually leads to metal corrosion, therefore, it is better to process dry. A special Sander. For metallic, the body should be cleaned with R-600 and R-800 emery, but for ordinary acrylic, R-400 and R-500 will be enough.

New details need to be given extra attention, because they are covered with transport soil (usually black). In order for the repair of the machine to be of high quality, the transport soil must be cleaned with R-240 emery to the metal. After this procedure, you can put 2-3 layers of soil.

After 10-15 minutes, it is necessary to show the primer with paint contrasting color. The next day you can start cleaning. During processing, the developer may show slight irregularities. In this case, it will be necessary to reprime the flaws or the entire part as a whole.

Do-it-yourself car primer is absolutely safe if you approach it correctly. The fact is that during any paint and varnish work, including the primer of the body, it is necessary to use the means personal protection(respirator, gloves, suit). Primer fumes are very harmful, so be careful about your health.

Preparation of body parts under the ground

Putty surfaces must be well dried before priming. Residual moisture will not be sealed by the primer as it is not sealed (except epoxy) but can be absorbed by it. If you apply paint on wet ground, craters may occur.

The primer should be applied only when the putty is removed to such a state when its surface becomes smooth and uniform. The places where I stayed old paint should also be given sufficient attention. They must be sanded with grain of the same size.

The finished surface must be cleaned of dust. To do this, wipe it a little wet wipe, after which they immediately pass dry. This procedure must be performed immediately before degreasing, after which they immediately proceed to applying the primer.

Degreasing before priming can be done with both solvent and anti-silicone. First, they are carried out with a swab dipped in a degreaser, and then they are walked with a dry cloth. This sequence is necessary so that no greasy film remains on the surface. A dry napkin must be constantly folded in order to work with a clean side.

Grout primed body

Each stage of car painting has its own purpose. The primer is an intermediate layer between paint and metal. If the part is puttied, then the soil falls on the putty. However, the ground layer itself needs to be polished, since it initially has some roughness.

Soil plowing can be done both manually and by machine. It is necessary to work with abrasives very carefully, since a thin layer of primer can be easily wiped off. If this happens, it is convenient to cover the wipes with epoxy primer in an aerosol can.

The primer at the finish is ground with 800 grit. This size is considered optimal for applying paint. If, as a result of grinding, the developing layer indicates defects, then it is necessary to eliminate them. finishing putty, which then again will have to be primed, but this time pointwise. These places are then polished again, and so on, until the part becomes perfect.

Types of primers for car body

There are three main types of primers:

• acrylic;
• epoxy;
• acidic (phosphate, reactive).

acrylic primer serves to fill the fine pores of putty and old paint layers and form an adhesive layer for the base paint. One of the undesirable properties of this soil is hygroscopicity. The moisture accumulated by it contributes to metal corrosion, so acrylic must be dried well.

Epoxy primers form an airtight film and are often used as an insulating layer. It can be used for both steel and non-ferrous metal parts, as well as for electroplated coatings. This is an excellent waterproofing agent that has high adhesion.

Acidic soils react with the metal, forming a film of oxides on it and deepening into its structure. Such primers are classified as rust converters and are actively used to cover old bodies, where surface grinding does not guarantee complete elimination of corrosion in the pores. Metal protected by acid soil becomes much more resistant to corrosion.

Proper preparation of the car for painting is the key to an attractive appearance and long term services paintwork. Applying a primer to metal and plastic elements of a car body is a mandatory step, which is designed for planned anti-corrosion protection and increasing the adhesion of car enamel to metal or putty.

A huge selection of primers allows the motorist to choose best option in accordance with the specifics of the work performed, quality requirements and financial capabilities. The most requested is acrylic primer.

Features and Benefits of Acrylic Primer

Automotive primer is applied before the final paintwork, it is used to protect the metal from possible rust and improve the adhesion of the enamel to the painted element of the car body. The primer composition, when applied after putty, fills all the irregularities well and increases the strength of the finish coating to mechanical impact(appearance of chips and scratches).

Acrylic primer belongs to the category of fillers (fillers), used primarily to level the treated surface. It is made on the basis of acrylic, so it can be used for processing not only metal, but also plastic body elements auto.

Its main functional tasks are:

filling irregularities (micropores, scratches and scratches);

leveling the surface before applying car enamel;

extending the service life and durability of the paintwork by improving its adhesion to enamel;

anti-corrosion protection of body elements, increasing their resistance to adverse external factors(atmospheric precipitation, high humidity etc.).

Main performance characteristics acrylic primer, which determine its wide demand are resistance to temperature extremes, long service life, resistance to atmospheric precipitation and high humidity. Acrylic-based primer is universal, therefore it is used in all types of body repairs.

Acrylic primer is available in several colors - black, white and gray. The choice of primer color is carried out taking into account the intended shade of the enamel. When painting a car, a primer is selected that will require fewer overlapping layers, which ensures paint savings.

Note! Automotive acrylic primer can be applied to body parts and car elements after primary acid or epoxy primer, since the composition does not contain acid neutralizing substances.

Types and differences of acrylic primers

Depending on the composition, characteristics and purpose, acrylic primer for cars can be of the following types:

• one-component;
• two-component;
• anti-corrosion;
• for plastic parts.

Single component primer composition does not require pre-cooking before use. Its main task is to increase the adhesion of car enamel and car body, a primer is applied very thin layer.

Two-component acrylic primer must be mixed with a solvent before use. The primer is applied to metal elements and body parts in a thick layer for preliminary alignment(elimination of scratches, irregularities, microdamages) before applying the final paintwork. Using two-component composition it is necessary to select a solvent of the same brand.

The anti-corrosion composition belongs to the category of secondary primers, it is applied on a layer of a two-component primer. To provide more reliable protection against the appearance of rust (for example, when operating a car in a humid climate), it is better to use special anti-corrosion agents.

Primer for plastic elements car body is characterized by higher adhesion and elasticity, which guarantees reliable protection applied primer and finish paint layer from cracking.

Features of applying soil

Single component acrylic primer modern manufacturers available in metal cans or cans. The application of the primer composition is carried out using a conventional paint brush, roller or air gun / sprayer. The aerosol spray method is used when performing professional or independent local repairs.

A two-component auto primer requires mixing with a thinner and a hardener in accordance with the instructions offered by the manufacturer. After preparation, the primer must be used within 30-60 minutes, otherwise it will lose its operational properties and characteristics. Careful drying of the primer layer will avoid the appearance of corrosion of the metal in the future.

When using an airbrush for priming a car body, all work is carried out in a special chamber with a functioning ventilation system which will ensure the perfect quality of the coating. During the subsequent grinding, the primer is applied to the body in several layers.

Note! The thickness of the applied acrylic primer layer should be between 50 and 100 µN.

It takes 3 to 8 hours for the acrylic primer to dry completely. The final step in preparing the car body for painting is grinding, which is done manually using sandpaper or using special machine with abrasive nozzles (with a gradual decrease in the degree of granularity).

The use of acrylic primer in the process of preparing a car for painting allows you to maintain an attractive and flawless finish for a long time. appearance body, as well as protect it from the appearance of rust pockets. The versatility of the acrylic-based primer and ease of use make it widely used in all types of body repairs.

To dilute the two-component primer before use, you can purchase on our website!

Before painting a car, its surface must be properly prepared. The final stage of preparations, which connects all the previous steps with staining, is the priming process.

The application of a primer can pose various tasks - depending on their specifics, one or another composition is selected. One of the most common types of primer for cars is acrylic.

Acrylic primer-filler PYRAMID HS 5:1 (0.8 l) + hardener

Definition and Characteristics of Acrylic Primer

As the name implies, acrylic primer for cars is made on an acrylic basis. It can be used for both metal and plastic surfaces. The primer is applied immediately before painting the car.

In this case, as a rule, the following tasks are set:

• final leveling of the surface before painting;
• filling scratches, micropores and irregularities;
• formation of adhesion between the surface and the paintwork;
• protection of metal from the occurrence of foci of corrosion.

Acrylic pore-filling 2-K primer for cars

On the primed surface, the paint lays down in an even layer. Provides good adhesion to metal. The coating is durable and resistant.

If we talk about the characteristics of an acrylic primer, we can name the following factors:

• heat resistance;
• resistance to atmospheric influences;
• moisture resistance;
• durability.

As mentioned above, acrylic primer for cars is the most versatile. Therefore, it is the most widely used compared to other existing varieties.

Acrylic primer 5+1 HS Red Car MAX POD, gray + hardener

Varieties

Acrylic primer for cars in its composition is of the following types:

• one-component;
• two-component;
• anti-corrosion;
• for plastic.

The first type consists of one component - it serves as a means of improving adhesion between the car paintwork and the surface to be painted. Such a tool is applied in a very thin layer and, in fact, performs only the role of an intermediary.

Two-component car primer requires preliminary preparation - it is mixed with a solvent. This composition is applied in a thicker layer and serves to final alignment surfaces for car painting and for filling small pores, scratches and irregularities after preliminary sanding.

Two component acrylic primer

The anti-corrosion compound is applied in a thin layer under the two-component mixture. It provides planned protection of the metal from the occurrence of foci of corrosion. If there is reason to believe that the environment will intensively contribute to the occurrence of rust, it is better to use special anti-corrosion agents.

The primer for plastic has very high rates of plasticity and adhesion. This guarantees protection against premature cracking.

There are soils of different colors:

• grey;
• white;
• black.

Acrylic primer - gray

When painting cars, they choose which color will require fewer layers when painting, in order to reduce paint consumption and, accordingly, save money.

The industry produces acrylic primers for cars in metal cans. For application to the surface, you can use a brush, roller or air gun. The latter is good for treating large areas - it provides the best performance.

A single-component composition can be in a metal can - in this case it is sprayed in an aerosol way. It is logical that the aerosol method is difficult to apply if it is necessary to cover with a product large plot surfaces. It is more suitable for local use and handling small defects.

Aerosol 1K acrylic primer, black Reoflex (520ml)

How to use acrylic primer

A two-component product requires dilution with an acrylic thinner and the addition of a hardener. The proportions for the shares of each component can be found in the instructions - for different brands they may differ.

The prepared product must be used over a time period of 30 to 60 minutes - then it begins to lose its suitability.

Priming a car is a necessary operation that is performed before painting. The primer for a car performs several functions, namely:

• improving adhesion with the paintwork of the machine;
• corrosion protection;
• counteraction to atmospheric factors;
• protection from external mechanical influences;
• neutralization of chemically aggressive factors;
• leveling the surface before painting.

Primer for car body

On the market today there are very wide choose similar funds from different manufacturers. Depending on which of the above factors is decisive, as well as on the specifics specific task we can choose which autoprimer is best suited.

In order for the choice to be competent and informed, it is worth getting better acquainted with the types of automotive primers on the market, and with the characteristics and features of each of them.

Classification

Primer for cars can be classified according to various criteria. By purpose, composition and method of action, it is divided into the following types:

• acrylic primer;
• epoxy primer;

Obviously, these materials differ in their composition. Each of them has its own specific application and features, which we will consider below.

Two component acrylic fill primer

Depending on how many components are present in the mixture, soils are divided into 2 groups:

• one-component;
• two-component.

One-component composition, as the name implies, consists of one component. It does not require pre-cooking. One-component products are ready for immediate use.

A two-component primer for cars contains, respectively, 2 components - it must be prepared before use. A hardener is added to the composition and, if necessary, a solvent.

Each of these types has its own advantages. Which one to choose depends on the specifics of the task.

One-component primer for plastic

By type of container, primer mixtures are also divided into 2 types:

• in metal cans;
• in cans.

The first option is, as a rule, two-component mixtures that require preliminary preparation. They usually have a high viscosity and are applied with a brush, roller or air gun.

The second option is applied by aerosol method - these are one-component substances, ready for use without prior preparation.

The choice of container depends on how much work you plan. For the treatment of local areas, an aerosol is better suited. For larger scales, you will need primer in metal cans. No matter how much they talk about the convenience of aerosol cans, they are not able to provide high performance over large areas.

Epoxy primer in a can

Acrylic primer for car

The acrylic group of automotive primers is the most widely used. This is the most versatile variety, and any master will tell you that with it you can perform the most wide view works.

Acrylic primers are used for all types of surfaces:

• become;
• plastic;
• chrome surfaces;
• galvanized planes;
• light alloys;
• paintwork;
• putty.

Automotive acrylic primer SEAL 0.834l + hardener 0.166l

If we talk about the tasks that this type of soil solves, we can name the following factors:

• surface leveling;
• filling scratches and chips;
• improved adhesion;
• anti-corrosion protection.

Experts talk about the following properties acrylic group of primers:

• heat resistance;
• moisture resistance;
• durability;
• resistance against the effects of atmospheric factors.

After preparing the mixture, it must be applied for 1 hour - after this time, it begins to lose its properties. When asked how long it takes to dry acrylic composition, the answer is simple - not for long (from 3 to 8 hours at 20 0 C).

Acrylic primer Ranal S-2000 5+1 with hardener 0.5 l gray

Epoxy primer for car

Primers based on epoxy resins belong to the group of anti-corrosion protection. This variety protects the surface of the car in a physical way, creating durable coating in the form of a thin film.

The materials in this group serve the following purposes:

• anti-corrosion protection of the machine;
• surface preparation for painting;
• adhesion improvement;
• protection from external mechanical factors;
• filling microroughnesses.

Epoxy two-component primer for cars

Such a composition can be applied to various groups of metals, as well as to polyester putty. He possesses excellent properties which make it a highly effective protective agent:

• heat resistance;
• non-hygroscopicity;
• resistance to external mechanical damage;
• uniform drying;
• high adhesion.

Especially among the advantages epoxy composition experts emphasize the high environmental friendliness provided by natural ingredients that are friendly to environment and the human body.

A significant disadvantage of such materials is a long drying time. You will need more than 12 hours for the primer to dry. The use of high-temperature drying methods is contraindicated - the layers dry unevenly, and wrinkles and bubbles appear on the surface.

Acid primer for car

Acidic car primer is a product that provides chemical protection against moisture and salt, thereby preventing the development of corrosion.

You should know that acid mixtures are a means for primary priming. They are not suitable for subsequent paint application. A secondary primer is applied to the acid layer. The application of polyester putties and epoxy primers is contraindicated - they neutralize the effect of the reactive layer.

It is suitable for processing the following types of materials:

• ferrous metals;
• galvanized steel;
• chrome steel;
• aluminum.

Anti-corrosion (acidic) primer 2K WASH PRIMER

The acid composition is applied in a very thin layer, forming protective covering, which has the following properties:

• hygroscopicity;
• temperature resistance;
• resistance to moisture and salts;
• durability;
• weather resistance.

After application, it must be sanded if necessary. For this you can use manual way And sandpaper or a power tool with abrasive wheels.

One-component acid primer anti-corrosion APP

Conclusion

Today on the market there are very big choice various means for car priming. Each of them has its own characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and is responsible for performing a specific task.

Education: secondary special. Specialty: car mechanic. Professional diagnostics, repair, maintenance of passenger cars of foreign production 2000-2015. Extensive experience with Japanese and German cars.

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When painting a car, it is very important to choose the right not only paint, but also a primer. An automotive primer is an intermediate layer between the base metal of the body and the final paintwork, i.e. paint. Therefore, it is not worth saving on a car primer, because a primer is the foundation for paint and additional protection from . A well-prepared surface before painting is the key to the durability of the finished paintwork.

It is very important to choose high-quality soil, which, of course, will not be cheap. The fact is that most inexpensive primers shrink after a while and characteristic puddles appear on the surface of the car, scratches from emery are visible, and the paint sags. This spoils the appearance of the car and the very essence of painting is lost. Most often, inexperienced painters make this mistake, and after a few weeks they have to restore the damaged area again (repaint).

Automotive primers have increased adhesion (adhesion to the surface). The thickness of the primer layer is often about 15 - 20 microns and is controlled by the thickness gauge of paint and varnish coatings.

According to the mechanism of protective action, automotive primers can be divided into several categories:

1. Passivating car primers contain chromates of some metals or other substances that transfer the painted surface into a passive state when interacting with moisture. Passivating primers that are used when painting a car include GF-031, GF-017, etc. Lead-primer primer is often used to protect the wings and underbody of a car from corrosion.

2. Protective car primers act in relation to the metal as a protector. They contain dust of a metal whose potential is lower than that of iron (for example, zinc, lead, aluminum or some alloys). In case of damage to the surface layer of the paintwork, the zinc contained in the primer will be the first to take the impact of an aggressive corrosive environment, thereby protecting the base metal. To tread primers, which are often used in repair work car, applies to EP-057 and some others. Automotive tread primer EP-057 is a suspension of zinc powder in epoxy resin E-41, cured with polyamide hardener No. 3 and stabilized with bentonite.

3. Automotive primers with inert particles do not have a protective effect on the metal surface and do not interact with film-forming substances. Car primers with inert pigments prevent moisture penetration mechanically. Among them, one can note the automobile primer FL-OZK, also GF-21 (often used for minor repairs bodies).

4. Automobile primers of the phosphating action. The composition of this type of automotive primers includes phosphoric acid, which, when interacting with the surface of the protected metal, forms a strong layer of sparingly soluble phosphates. The primer layer adheres strongly to the surface (car primer has good adhesion). The most optimum thickness layer is from 8 to 12 microns (less than other types of primers). Phosphating primers include compositions VL-023 and VL-02. Primers, which include acid, have the ability to penetrate into the base metal by about 0.05 microns, which increases the adhesion of the protective layer. After applying the phosphating primers VL-025, VL-08 and VL-02, a secondary primer layer can be applied, for example, FL-03K, GF-020, etc.

There is another type - automotive rust modifier primer (corrosion product converter). The main advantage of this primer is that it can be applied to metal surface without removing corrosion products from it. The rust converter "transforms" corrosion products in combination with other soil constituents into a strong one. protective film. Most often, primers-converters of corrosion products are applied in one or two layers with a brush or by spraying. The recommended temperature is not lower than 15°C.

Also, all automotive primers can still be divided into several types:

- one-component primer(does not contain hardener and is used very rarely, because the drying process takes about a few days);

- two-component car primer is used most often, tk. it contains hardeners and the treated surface dries out within a day;

- alcohol soils due to their composition, they dry out in just an hour and are used in problem areas where conventional primers are impractical to use.

Two-component automotive primers are divided into two types: hard and soft. Among them, compositions are of better quality, which as a result give a hard protective layer, which is quite difficult to grind. Soft automotive primers are easy to process, but it is precisely due to their softness that they shrink over time.

From all of the above, we can conclude that solid two-component automotive primers are of the highest quality.

Application of automotive primers

Primers can be applied to the car surface in several ways: dipping, brushing, electroplating, spraying and electrospraying. Some methods are used exclusively in the mass production of cars (for example, dipping). This is due to the high consumption of paintwork material. It is impractical to fill a tank with a huge capacity for applying coatings on one or two cars. Other methods can only be used for partial repairs of the body, for example, applying paintwork material brush.

In good car services, more than one type of soil is applied to the surface of the car. Initially, the metal is coated with some kind of phosphating or acid primer, which provides good adhesion. The composition is well distributed over the surface and does not require subsequent grinding and application in several layers. The primary primer is applied to a well-prepared, cleaned and degreased metal surface. When working with acidic or phosphating automotive primers, you must be very careful, because. with insufficient ventilation of the room, severe chemical poisoning can occur.

After the primary primer layer, the secondary one is laid. It is often a hard or soft two-component system (sandable or non-sandable). The secondary automotive primer is applied in two or three layers and hides minor surface imperfections well (penetrates into pores, fills small depressions and irregularities). Layers are applied at intervals of 5 - 10 minutes. Now, to save time, most car services use car primers that do not need to be sanded, but for this you need to have a master with high level preparation (so that you do not have to redo the work due to errors). The secondary primer layer is laid when it is necessary to hide visible surface defects.

If the base metal is perfectly flat surface layer, it is possible to immediately apply a non-sanding composition as a secondary primer, which has glossy surface. It dries fairly quickly.

When choosing a car primer, it is better to give preference to proven manufacturers. After all, it is better to restore the car once, but with high quality, than to redo all the work later. When choosing a car primer, be sure to check its expiration date, because an expired composition will not allow you to achieve the desired effect.

Automobile primer EP-083 has a passivating effect on the metal. The EP-083 autoprimer contains the following pigments: zinc and titanium parts, barium chromate, microtalc microbarite. Sometimes used in industry, because. hardens at a temperature of about 150 ° C for no more than 20 minutes. It is used as a protection for the body and many other parts of the machine, pre-treated in phosphate solutions (subject to phosphating).

Passivating primer GF-089 (black) contains in its composition carbon black, zinc trioxychromate, microtalc. At room temperature 18 - 22°C cures within a day, and at a temperature of 120°C - no more than 10 minutes. It is applied to cardan shafts and some other car parts.

Insulating primer GF-020 (brown) diluted with xylene or solvent. This car primer is very often used for most cars. We can say that this is the main soil in the production of cars. At a temperature from 15 to 25 °C it is completely cured within 48 hours. And at a temperature of about 110 ° C - in just half an hour.

Passivating car primer GF-017 (dark brown) has found wide application in priming cabins trucks and banderized car bodies. Mummy and zinc chromate are used as the pigment part. The automotive primer GF-017 is diluted with a solvent. Cures within half an hour at 125°C.

Insulating primer GF-021 applied to a wooden or metal surface under the enamel. Dries at room temperature (18-22°C) during the day. For its production, zinc white, calcite, microtalc and red iron oxide pigment are used.

Passivating car primer GF-073 (yellow) used for car bodywork. For its production, the following pigments are used: microtalc, zinc trioxychromate, red iron oxide pigment. Dries at room temperature during the day. Diluted with xylene.

Brown passivating primer FL-03K dries within half an hour at a temperature of 110°C. Used for processing ferrous metals. Brought to working viscosity with xylene or solvent or their mixture 1:1 with white spirit. For its production, the following pigments are used: zinc white, red lead, talc and zinc tetraoxychromate.

Phosphating car primer VL-02 Dries very quickly (about 15 minutes at room temperature). The pigment part is zinc tetraoxychromate. The primer is often used for shop floor protection against galvanic corrosion. metal parts for several months, and also as a normal primer coat.

Passivating water-based primer V-ML-0143 used for surface treatment of ferrous metals. Dries at 180°C for 30 minutes. The pigment part of the passivating primer is carbon black, microtalc, strontium chromate and microbarite.