Pipeline insulation. Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines. Production and consumption of heat SNP thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines

Rational application and the use of fuel and energy resources is one of the highest priority tasks in the development of any economy.

The main role in solving this problem belongs to effective thermal industrial insulation. Insulation for the pipeline is widely used in energy and housing and communal services. It is also used in the metallurgical, oil refining, food and chemical industries.

In the energy sector, thermal insulation for pipelines is used in steam boilers, gas and steam turbines, heat exchangers, as well as in tanks accumulating hot water and in chimneys. In industry, technological apparatuses (vertical and horizontal), pumps and heat exchangers are insulated. Tanks for storage of oil products, oil and water are subject to thermal insulation. Increased requirements are imposed on the thermal insulation of cryogenic equipment and other low-temperature units. Insulation for pipelines will ensure the implementation of various processes, including technological ones, and allow creating working conditions that exclude the risk of injury and damage. It will reduce losses from evaporation of oil products from tanks and will allow storing natural and liquefied gases in isothermal storage.

Technological requirements for insulating structures

During installation and subsequent operation, insulation for pipelines is subjected to water and temperature, vibration and mechanical influences. These impacts determine the list of requirements that apply to these structures. Thermal insulation materials and structures must have:

• thermal efficiency;
• operational durability and reliability;
• fire and environmental safety.

There are several main indicators that determine the operational and technical-physical properties of such materials. These include: compressibility, elasticity, resistance to aggressive media, strength at 10% deformation, thermal conductivity and density. Of no small importance is the biological stability and the value of the content organic matter. The efficiency of thermal insulators is primarily determined by the coefficient of thermal conductivity. This ratio determines required thickness insulating layer, and, as a result, mounting and design features structures, loads on the object that need to be isolated. When making calculations, the calculated coefficient of thermal conductivity is used. It takes into account the temperature, the presence of fasteners and the sealing of heat-insulating materials in a given structure. When theoretically choosing a heat-insulating material, take into account:

• its linear shrinkage during operation, the dimensions of the material may decrease when heated;
• loss of mass and strength, when heated, destruction of the material may occur;
• the degree of partial burnout of the binder with increasing temperature;
• maximum permissible loads on insulated surfaces and supports, the maximum mass of the insulating material is determined.

Device for thermal insulation of pipes to prevent freezing of liquids in them.

Heat service life insulating materials and design largely depends on the conditions in which they work and design features. Operating conditions include:

• the place where the object is located;
• mode of operation of the equipment;
• aggressiveness environment;
• mechanical influences and their intensity.

Availability and quality of protective coating thermal insulation materials and the heat-insulating structure largely determine their service life.

Thermal insulation of today's pipelines

To date, the market of heat-insulating materials is filled with products such as foreign manufacturers, and domestic trademarks. The range of fibrous insulation for equipment on the market includes a list of such materials for pipeline insulation:

• mats mineral pierced heat-insulating;
• mineral mats lined with kraft paper, fiberglass or metal mesh;
• for industrial insulation, mineral products with a corrugated structure, according to TU 36,16,22-8-91;
• thermal insulation mineral plates with a density of 75-130 kg / m3 on a synthetic binder, in accordance with GOST 9573-96;
• products based on a synthetic binder made of staple and glass fibers, insulation for pipelines.

In a small volume, heat-insulating materials are produced in the form of products made of basalt and thin glass fibers, corresponding to TU 21-5328981-05-92.

Materials (insulation for pipelines) are widely represented by products of foreign manufacturers. Foreign insulation options for pipelines and equipment are represented by fibrous heat-insulating materials. These are cylinders, plates and mats, which are covered on one side with aluminum foil or metal mesh. Producing countries of this product: Denmark, Finland and Slovakia.

Foamed polyurethane, produced in the form of tile products, finds everything greater application in similar structures. It should be noted that the above thermal insulation materials do not replace thermal insulation, they can only be used as additional elements to increase heat reflective characteristics. For channel laying of pipelines in heating networks, cylinders made of glass fiber and mineral wool, soft plates and heat-insulating mats are used. For laying pipelines underground, pipes with a waterproofing coating, pre-insulated at the factory, are used. It is possible to increase the temperature stability of heat-insulating structures with the help of polyurethane, if two-layer insulation is applied. The inner layer of such insulation should be made of mineral wool, and the outer layer should be made of polyurethane foam. These materials for pipeline insulation in this case can only be used in combination.

Thermal insulation for industrial-scale pipelines is very diverse both in terms of the type of structures and the materials used in these structures.

To isolate horizontal and vertical heat exchangers, structures using wire frames and heat-insulating fibrous materials are used. Wire frames are mainly used in the insulation of horizontal devices.

It is necessary to take into account not only the design features of equipment and pipelines when choosing suitable type insulating material, but also other factors. This is required by SNiP for thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines.

Consider the factors influencing the choice of insulating materials.

1. Purpose of the insulating materials themselves.
2. spatial orientation.
3. Possible atmospheric influences.

What are the requirements for thermal insulation of pipelines and equipment, we will consider below in this article.

What is the function of protection?

One of the purposes of thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines is to reduce the values ​​of heat fluxes inside structures. The materials are covered with protective coating shells, which guarantee the complete safety of the layer, in any operating conditions.

Great attention is paid to the issues of thermal insulation in different directions industry and energy. In buildings and equipment in these industries, it is thermal insulation that becomes one of the most important components.

The result is not only a reduction in heat losses during interactions with the environment. But also the expansion of opportunities for maintaining the optimal thermal regime.

Thermal insulation of pipelines and its essence

The calculation for thermal insulation is artificially adapted to all operating conditions characteristic of a particular pipeline or equipment. The conditions themselves are formed with the participation of:

1. Building materials to prepare for the changing seasons.
2. Humidity, contributing to the acceleration of heat transfer.

Professional companies provide contractors with engineering data for future construction. What exactly are the requirements greatest influence selection of suitable insulating coatings?

• Thermal conductivity.
• Soundproofing.
• The ability to absorb or repel water.
• vapor permeability level.
• Fire resistance.
• Density.
• Compressibility.

About the thickness of the insulation of the pipeline and equipment

Be sure to rely on the regulations to determine the allowable thickness for each specific equipment. In them, manufacturers write about what density is stored in the heat flux. SNiPs provide algorithms for solving different formulas along with the formulas.

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To identify the minimum thickness of pipelines in one case or another, a limit is determined by the allowable values ​​of losses in certain sections.

Polyurethane insulation

Pipelines with this type of insulation are used when it is necessary to lay the structure above the ground, channelless type. In manufacturing, they try to introduce as many new technologies as possible.

From the materials to the process are allowed only those with the maximum high quality. They are tested in advance in large numbers, according to the joint venture, the thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines does not allow marriage.

The use of polyurethane foam allows to reduce heat loss. And provides durability for the thermal insulation material itself. The composition of polyurethane foam includes environmentally friendly components. This is Izolan-345, as well as Voratek CD-100. Compared to mineral wool, thermal insulation characteristics polyurethane foam is much higher.

PPM and APB insulation

For more than thirty years, so-called polystyrene foam insulation has been used in pipelines. The main type in this case is polymer concrete. Its characteristics can be described as follows:

• Inclusion in group G1 during tests for combustibility in accordance with current GOSTs.
• Temperature mode of operation, allowing you to maintain 150 degrees.
• The presence of an integral type structure, which combines the functions of a waterproofing coating together with a heat insulation layer.

Until recently, some regional manufacturers were engaged in the production of reinforced concrete insulation. This material has a very low density. And thermal conductivity, on the contrary, pleasantly surprises.

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APB has the following set of advantages:

1. Durability.
2. Waterproof coating with high vapor permeability.
3. The equipment does not corrode.
4. The ability of the pipeline to withstand high temperatures.
5. Fire resistance.

Such pipes are good in that they can be used for a coolant of almost any temperature. This applies to networks not only with water, but also with steam. The type of gasket does not matter.

It is even possible to combine it with underground channelless and channel varieties. But products with PPU thermal insulation are still considered a more technological solution.

About the coefficient of thermal conductivity

Equipment, while it is in operation, it becomes possible to humidify - this is what most affects the calculated coefficient of thermal conductivity.

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Special rules exist for the adoption of a factor that implies an increase in the thermal conductivity of insulating coatings. At the same time, they are based on GOSTs and SNiPs, but other factors cannot be dispensed with:

• soil moisture according to SP.
• Varieties to which the material for thermal insulation belongs.

The coefficient is equal to one, if we are talking about pipes with polyurethane foam insulation, in a polyethylene sheath high density. It doesn't matter what the moisture level is in the soil where the equipment is installed. The coefficient for equipment and pipes with APB insulation having an integral structure will be different. And allowing for the possibility that the insulating layer may dry out.

1. 1.1 - the level of the coefficient for structures placed in soils with large quantity water, according to SP.
2. 1.05 - for soils where the amount of water is not so large.

In practical calculations, special engineering techniques are used. They usually take into account the resistance external influences from the environment. Two-pipe laying involves taking into account the mutual thermal influence of each of the elements on the others.

One of the determining factors in choosing the right thickness is the cost factor. And these indicators can be determined individually for each specific region.

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There are other parameters that matter as well. Like design temperature coolant. It is also important at what level the temperature in the environment is.

What other rules should be followed?

The production of equipment and pipes, together with thermal insulation, is carried out not only by Russian, but also by foreign manufacturers.

Some technological pipe-rolling lines are capable of producing a total volume of up to three kilometers of pipe-roll in one day (with a length of the pipe itself up to 12 meters). The product diameter is in the range of 57-1020 millimeters. The protective wrapper can be polyethylene or metal.

But there are still certain shortcomings that cannot be eliminated at the production stage. They were identified by experts through repeated practical tests.

1. During the transportation of pipes with metal coated deformations may appear in the insulating coating.
2. Polyurethane insulation peels off from the pipe, which is subjected to heat treatment.
3. The protective structure is detached from the outer or inner layers of the pipe.

The main problem is the ability metal pipes conductors expand. Thermal heating leads to quality characteristics spoil. Therefore, protection from such types of exposure becomes an important factor.

The length of the pipe itself has the greatest influence on the stability and stability of the thermal insulation of an object. It doesn't matter what medium it is used to transfer. The longer the length, the higher the probability that the layer will simply collapse.

Therefore, this parameter must be chosen as carefully as possible. The experts themselves have developed optimal indicators for the length and diameter of the pipes, which will allow the structure to be preserved, regardless of the operating conditions in which it is located.

They rely only on SNiP, because the thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines is especially demanding to comply with the rules.

Thermal insulation is the most important constructive element all links of DH systems - heat generating, transport links, heat consumption installations. By reducing heat losses and preventing heat carriers from drying out, it forms the technical and economic efficiency, reliability and durability of installations as a whole, the possibility of industrialization and is the main means of saving fuel resources. In channelless laying of heat pipelines, thermal insulation also performs the functions of a supporting structure.

For thermal insulation equipment, pipelines, air ducts, prefabricated or complete prefabricated structures are used, as well as pipes with thermal insulation of full factory readiness.

For pipelines of heating networks, including fittings, flange connections and compensators, thermal insulation must be provided regardless of the temperature of the coolant and the method of laying. Structurally, it is made of the following elements: heat-insulating layer; reinforcing and fasteners; vapor barrier layer; cover layer.

As a heat-insulating layer SNiP 41-03-2003 " Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines» recommend for use more than 30 main types of materials, products, factory products general purpose, providing: heat flow through the isolated surfaces of equipment and pipelines according to a given technological regime or a normalized heat flux density; exclusion of the release during operation of harmful, flammable and explosive, unpleasantly smelling substances in quantities exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations; exclusion of the release during operation of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi.

Such effective materials traditionally used in heating networks include autoclaved reinforced foam concrete, bitumen perlite, expanded clay concrete asphalt, gas silicate, phenolic foam plastics, heat-insulating mats and mineral wool slabs, volcanic and some other materials (Fig. 1). The main average data of heat-insulating materials and products are presented in Table. one.

Picture 1.

Table 1. Basic data of heat-insulating materials and products

* Maximum value.

As materials for the cover layer thermal insulation in new construction, prefabricated structures are used:

1) from metal (sheets and strips of aluminum and its alloys, sheet steel for roofing and galvanized, corrugated shells, metal-plastics, etc.);

2) based on synthetic polymers (structural fiberglass, rolled fiberglass, reinforced plastic materials, etc.);

3) based on natural polymers (roofing material, glass roofing material, roofing felt, roofing glassine, etc.);

4) mineral (glass cement, asbestos-cement plaster, etc.);

5) duplicated with foil (duplicated aluminum foil, foil isol, etc.).

as anti-corrosion and waterproofing coatings coatings of barrier and protective types are used - polymeric, metallization, silicate and organosilicate, as well as protective coatings on bitumen binder.

For a channelless design of heat pipelines, materials with an average density of not more than 600 kg / m 3 and thermal conductivity of not more than 0.13 W / (m ° C) should be used. In this case, the design of thermal insulation must have a compressive strength of at least 0.4 MPa. Estimated specifications materials used to insulate pipelines during channelless laying are presented in table. 2.

Table 2. Estimated technical characteristics of materials used for pipeline insulation during channelless laying

* It is allowed to use up to a temperature of 150 "C with a high-quality method of heat release.

On fig. 2, 3 shows several options for traditional industrial designs of heat pipelines.

Figure 2. 1 - pipe; 2 - anti-corrosion coating; 3 - mineral wool mat; four - steel mesh; 5 - asbestos cement plaster

Figure 3 1 - pipe; 2- anti-corrosion coating; 3 - bitumen perlite; 4 - waterproof coating of fiberglass over varnish

Foam concrete insulation is a light insulating material obtained by preparing foam mass and then curing it in a cassette autoclave at a steam pressure of 8-10 kgf / cm 2 for 11-14 hours.

Given the significant fragility of foam concrete insulation, it is reinforced with a spiral frame located in the outer third of the insulation thickness.

After the autoclave, foam concrete is dried with hot gases at t = 200 °C during the day.

This design has been widely used in the laying of distribution and yard networks.

Starting from the 1970s, in the Moscow region (Dmitrov and Vladimir heating networks), polyurethane foam (PPU) insulation of heating network pipelines began to be used, originally made in a primitive way, manually, in repair and procurement workshops.

Pre-cleaned from scale steel pipe was placed in a trough-shaped chute (a pipe of larger diameter cut along) and covered with the same chute from above, then liquid polymer composition, consisting of a mixture of resin "polyisocyanate" (component "A") and hardener - "pol-iol" (component "B"). This composition within a few minutes, reacting, foamed, filling the entire volume, then solidified and turned into a porous spongy mass with open pores. Depending on the selected proportions of the components, it was possible to obtain insulation different density- from a soft structure - foam rubber, to a stone-like hard spongy mass, firmly grasping the metal surface of the pipe. After the completion of the exothermic reaction, the mixture of components and the cooling of the structure of the trough were removed, and the pipe insulated in this way was put into installation.

Described manual technology formed the basis of the factory one with the difference that instead of home-made boxes, the factories began to use tubular-type shells made of specially processed - extruded (for better adhesion to the porous mass of polyurethane foam) polyethylene or thin-walled metal pipes. The pre-cleaning process has also improved (to a metallic sheen) outer surface main pipe and installed inlet and outlet factory product quality control.

The main difficulty in making such isolation until now, there is an acute shortage of initial components, since domestic chemical industry unable to meet the needs National economy(industry, transport, energy, military-industrial complex) and they have to be purchased at expensive prices abroad. This is reflected in the price of polyurethane foam insulation.

Despite this, modern factory technologies have begun to develop in the country, taking into account both domestic and foreign experience in insulating pipes and equipment using PPU.

The modern production base (CJSC MosFlowline), provided by the Russian side, was designed and staffed by leading Western European companies, taking into account the technologies available on the market. Technological equipment allows to produce 2400 m of insulated pipe and 60 pcs. insulated fittings per day. Products are produced in two types: in a polyethylene sheath for underground laying and in a galvanized metal sheath for above-ground laying of heating networks.

For pipelines of hot and cold water supply, galvanized pipes d y \u003d 32-219 mm are used as a working pipe. The assembly of galvanized fittings in the factory is carried out by a non-zinc destructive method - soldering.

For heating networks, products with a diameter of 32-1220 mm are supplied with all fittings. CJSC MosFlowline is so far the only domestic company that provides a full range of services from design to commissioning and issuing a 5-year warranty on factory elements, work on sealing joints and the operability of the remote control system (ODC) of pipelines. This is an example of the development and implementation of new technologies of the XXI century.

On fig. 4 and 5 are shown finished goods thermally insulated pipelines of CJSC MosFlowline, which are a rigid structure of the "pipe in pipe" type, consisting of a steel (working) pipe, an insulating layer of rigid polyurethane foam (PPU) and an outer protective sheath of polyethylene low pressure or galvanized steel.

NOTE. At polyurethane foam insulation there is a significant drawback that must always be remembered - this organic material is combustible and in the process of burning it releases potent toxic substances (SDYAV), which during fires are the main cause of death. Therefore, in underground structures of heat networks with PPU insulation every 300 m in thermal insulation arrange non-combustible inserts from mineral insulation.

Figure 4. The design of PPU - insulation of the pipeline according to the technology of CJSC "MosFlowline"

Figure 5. Thermally insulated PPU pipes for channelless (in a polyethylene sheath) and above-ground laying of heat networks (in a metal sheath)

THERMAL INSULATION OF EQUIPMENT

A separate sector of technical insulation deals with energy saving issues in industrial enterprises. Any industrial enterprise is interested in maximum technological and, as a result, economic return. Reduce energy costs and increase service life industrial equipment is the main purpose of using quality insulating materials.

The most popular products from the category "Insulation of industrial equipment":

Paroc Wired Mat Brand Name: Paroc used for thermal insulation of pipelines and equipment on request	K Flex ST (35% discount) Brand Name: K Flex rubber insulation roll from RUB 17.37/m.p.	Neoporm ( shaped products) Brand: Neoporm used to insulate pipelines and equipment from 449,70 rub./sq.m.	Thermasheet ECO Brand: aluminum coated sheet insulation from 57,67 rub./sq.m.

TECHNICAL INSULATION

The main objects of application of technical insulation for industrial needs are:

Industrial insulation of technological pipelines with different carrier temperatures, steam pipelines.

Industrial insulation of refrigeration and cryogenic equipment

Industrial insulation of technological equipment of enterprises in the gas, chemical, oil refining and food industries

Industrial insulation of storage tanks for water, oil products, chemicals

Boiler insulation

Heat exchanger insulation

Insulation of gas ducts and air ducts

Chimney insulation

ESP insulation

Furnace insulation, special high-temperature insulation, etc.

At the same time, insulation, as a rule, performs several important functions at once, which must be taken into account when selecting right type isolation for each specific object. Here is just some list:

Insulation of objects with high operating temperatures (high-temperature insulation: steam pipelines, pipelines of hot liquids, boilers, heat exchangers, electrostatic precipitators, etc.) Many manufacturing plants require insulation that can withstand high temperatures (up to 900 ⁰С) of insulated surfaces. In these cases, as a rule, insulation based on basalt fiber or foam glass is used.

Insulation of objects with low operating temperatures (cold pipelines, cryogenic equipment, refrigeration equipment etc.) Problem of condensation, frost, corrosion metal surfaces require extremely low vapor permeability of materials. As a rule, insulation based on polyethylene or foamed rubber is used here.

Boiler insulation. In addition to thermal effects, when choosing an insulating material for thermal insulation of boilers, it is necessary to take into account the effect of additional vibration from associated equipment. In addition, the boiler insulation layer must be flexible enough to fill cavities and gaps, as well as to compensate for thermal expansion of the structure. In this case, special plates and mats made of basalt fiber are used.

Insulation of tanks and tanks. Reservoirs and containers for the production and storage of process fluids are an integral part of many industries. Process fluid temperature varies for different processes, which requires the use of insulating materials with a wide temperature range. When insulating tanks with cold media, the closest attention must be paid to protecting the structure from condensation, in particular special occasions- icing. In such cases, it is advisable to use materials with a low vapor permeability coefficient, such as polyethylene foam and rubber. Hot and high-temperature containers and reservoirs, in most cases, it is advisable to insulate with specially designed flexible plates or mats made of basalt fiber.

Thermal insulation of chimneys. With thermal insulation chimney close attention must be paid to preventing the formation of acid-corrosive condensate. At the same time, it is important that the temperature inner surface steel chimneys inside the chimney did not fall below the dew point flue gases, which can lead to the formation of active corrosion deposits.

MARK	TYPE / BASIS	PRODUCING COUNTRY
	Plates, pierced mats, segments for pipelines based on basalt fiber	Finland, Poland
	Tubes and mats based on polyethylene foam	Russia, Netherlands
	Tubes and mats based on foamed rubber	Russia
	Plates, shaped products based on foam glass	Belgium
Technical insulation for the needs of industry is a separate, highly specialized section of thermal insulation materials. Our experts, relying on solid experience in supplying various thermal insulation solutions for the manufacturing, processing industry, energy and food industries, will be happy to help you make the best technically competent and economically sound solution in your particular case.

Every technological process is based on economic efficiency which is influenced by a combination of many factors. One of these points, important for many industries (chemical, oil refining, metallurgical, food, housing and communal services and many others), is the thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines. AT industrial scale it is used on horizontal and vertical apparatuses, tanks for storing various liquids, in various exchangers and pumps. Stand out high demands to thermal insulation processes using cryogenic and low-temperature equipment. The energy industry uses insulating elements in the operation of all types of boilers and turbines, storage tanks and various. Depending on the area of ​​application, they are subject to certain requirements that are included in the SNiP. Thermal ensures the preservation of the invariance of the set parameters, at which they occur, as well as their safety, reduces losses.

General information

Thermal insulation is one of the most common types of protection, which has found its application in almost all industries. Thanks to it, trouble-free operation of most objects that pose a threat to human health or the environment is ensured. There are certain requirements for the choice of material and installation. They are collected in SNiP. The insulation of pipelines must comply with the norms, since the normal functioning of many systems depends on this. Almost all requirements listed in the documentation are mandatory. In most cases, the thermal insulation of heat pipes is key factor for uninterrupted operation and functioning of energy facilities, housing and communal services and industry. An additional quality that the thermal insulation of pipelines has is to meet the requirements applied in the field of energy saving. Competent insulation of pipelines, performed according to all standards, reduces heat losses during its transfer from the supplier to the final consumer (for example, when providing hot water services in the housing and communal services system), which in turn reduces overall energy costs.

Building requirements

The installation and operation of thermal insulation structures directly depend on their purpose and installation site. There are a number of factors that affect them. These include temperature, humidity, mechanical and other influences. To date, certain requirements have been adopted and approved, in accordance with which the calculation of pipeline insulation and subsequent installation is carried out. They are considered basic, accounting for them is basic in the construction of structures. These include, in particular:

Safety in relation to the environment;

Fire hazard, reliability and durability of the materials from which the structure is made;

Thermal performance indicators.

To the parameters characterizing operational properties thermal insulation materials, include some physical quantities. These are thermal conductivity, compressibility, elasticity, density, vibration resistance. Equally important are flammability, resistance to aggressive factors, the thickness of pipeline insulation and a number of other parameters.

Thermal conductivity of the material

The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the raw materials from which the insulation is made determines the efficiency of the entire structure. Based on its value, the required thickness of the future material is calculated. This, in turn, affects the amount of load that will be exerted from the side of the heat insulator on the object. When calculating the value of the coefficient, the entire set of factors that directly affect it is taken into account. The final value affects the choice of material, the way it is laid, the required thickness to achieve the maximum effect. It also takes into account temperature resistance, the degree of deformation under a given load, permissible load, which the material will add to the insulated structure, and much more.

Life time

The operational period of thermal insulation structures is different and depends on many factors directly affecting it. These include, in particular, the location of the object and weather, the presence / absence of mechanical influence on the heat-insulating structure. These factors, which are of key importance, affect the durability of the structure. An additional special coating helps to increase the service life, which significantly reduces the level of environmental impact.

fire safety requirements

Norms fire safety defined for each of the industries. For example, for the gas, petrochemical, chemical industries, the use of slow-burning or non-combustible materials as part of heat-insulating structures is allowed. At the same time, the choice is influenced not only by the indicated indicators of the selected substance, but also by the behavior of the heat-insulating structure during a general fire. The increase in fire resistance is achieved by applying an additional coating that is resistant to high temperatures.

Sanitary and hygienic requirements for structures

When designing objects within which specific technological processes with increased requirements for sterility and cleanliness (for example, for the pharmaceutical industry), certain standards are of paramount importance. It is important for such premises to use materials that do not affect the situation. The situation is similar for housing and communal services. Pipeline insulation is carried out in strict accordance with established norms while ensuring reliability and safety of use.

Domestic manufacturers of protective materials

The market for thermal insulation materials is diverse and able to satisfy the needs of any buyer. Here is the product

action of both imported and domestic manufacturers. Russian companies engaged in the production of the following types of thermal insulation materials:

Mats, which are fiberglass stitched on both sides, lined with mineral wool or kraft paper;

Mineral wool products based on a corrugated structure (with its help, industrial insulation of pipelines is carried out);

On a synthetic basis;

Products based on glass staple synthetic fibers.

Most major manufacturers thermal insulation materials are: JSC "Termosteps", Nazarovsky ZTI, "Mineralnaya wool" (CJSC), JSC "URSA-Eurasia".

Foreign manufacturers of materials

The market of heat-insulating materials also includes products of foreign companies. Among them stand out: "Partek", "Rockwool" (Denmark), "Paroc" (Finland), "Izomat" (Slovakia), "Saint-Gobain Izover" (Finland). All of them specialize in various types and combinations of fibrous heat-insulating materials. The most common are mats, cylinders and plates, which can be uncoated or coated on one side (for example, aluminum foil can be used as it).

Rubber and foam materials

Filling polyurethane foam has received the greatest distribution from foam plastic heat-insulating materials. It is used in two forms: in the form of tile products and spraying, it is used mainly for protection in low-temperature production. Its developer is the Scientific Research Institute of Synthetic Resins (in Vladimir), and its subsidiary, Izolan CJSC. Pipeline insulation is also made with synthetic-based materials. In this case, equipment operating in conditions of negative and positive ambient temperatures is subjected to protection. The main suppliers of such materials are L'ISOLANTE K-FLEX and Armacell. Such thermal insulation looks like tubes (cylinders) or plate and sheet products.