Bought a lily bulb disease and treatment. Frequent diseases of domestic lilies after flowering: We treat effectively

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Exist great amount diseases affecting lilies. Let's consider the main ones.

Gray rot, or botrytis (Botrytis elliptica), appears in spring in cool weather when high humidity. Young leaves (affecting from the bottom of the petiole) look like they have been scalded with boiling water. Diseased buds are bent, the stems break, fall. Gray rot also affects wet leaves at the end of summer. The most resistant to the disease are OT and LA hybrids.

Susceptible - white-flowered hybrids. For protection, spray with Bordeaux liquid, copper-containing fungicides or other drugs. At rainy summer you need to spray after 7-10 days on dry leaves.

Fusarium rot(bottom rot, basal rot) affects the bulbs - starting from the bottom, depressed sores and yellow- brown spots. Then it falls apart, the roots rot. Plants become infected through the roots and in places of mechanical damage.

Fusarium signs- yellowing of the lower leaves and the gradual drying of the whole plant. During the winter or during storage, the infected bulb dies. Illness contributes heat, waterlogging of the soil and the introduction of non-rotted organic matter.

Severely affected plants are dug up and destroyed. It is effective to treat the bulbs 1-2 days before planting with a 0.2% suspension of Topsin-M or Fundazol (Benlat), a 0.1% Tekto emulsion for 30 minutes. In the spring, fluffy lime is scattered over the surface of the soil.

Sclerotial rot (fungi of the genus Sclerotium) cause of low plant growth and small leaves with sufficient soil fertility and good nutrition. It can only be found when digging bulbs. Bulbs of affected plants rot. The disease, the development of which contributes high humidity and acidity of the soil, manifested in foci. Weakly affected bulbs are kept in a solution of copper-containing preparations and transplanted to a new place. You can not thicken the landing.

Phytium, or root rot(fungi of the genus Phytium),- plants lag behind in growth, leaves become smaller, buds fall off or do not form, tops of leaves turn yellow. The bulb is healthy, and the roots are covered with small brown spots. The development of the disease often occurs when waterlogging. Water the soil with a 0.2% solution of Fundazol, 8-10 liters per 1 sq. m. For prevention, before planting, the bulbs are treated with fungicides.

Colorless small spots that appear on the leaves, which increase in size, turn yellow and dry out, are caused by rust (Uromyces lilii). Under the epidermis in these places, summer and autumn sporulations of yellow-orange or dark brown color, respectively, are formed. To combat rust, diseased leaves are collected and destroyed, plants are sprayed 2-3 times with copper-containing preparations, more often they are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

If the peduncles, flowers and bulbs rot and become covered with a green bloom in warm and humid weather, the plants are affected by penicillosis (fungi of the genus Penicillium). For spraying, use any fungicides containing zinc, copper, or a crimson potassium permanganate solution.

Bacterial or wet rot (Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pectobacterium aroidea) affects bulbs, leaves and flower stalks. In early spring brown oval spots appear on the leaves, gradually turn yellow, then the leaves and peduncles rot. The disease develops due to waterlogging of the soil and excess nitrogen. During storage, foul-smelling depressed spots appear on the scales of the bulbs, causing rotting. Such bulbs are immediately separated and destroyed. When a disease appears during growth, lilies are sprayed with fungicides every ten days. Before planting, the bulbs are pickled with Fundazole or watered with soil in the hole.

Viral diseases

Mosaic of lilies (Lily mosaic virus) Identified by pale green spots on young leaves and stripes along the veins of the leaf. Plant growth stops. Leaves, buds and flowers are deformed. The mosaic virus is transmitted by aphids and mechanically with the juice of diseased plants.

At rosette lilies (Lily rosette virus) the peduncle is deformed and takes the form of a rosette, as its growth is greatly delayed. Chlorotic leaves are deformed. Cucumber and tobacco mosaic viruses cause ring spots and streaks on leaves. It is advisable not to plant lilies next to tulips and hostas in order to avoid infection with the variegation virus, the control measures for which have not yet been developed. All diseased plants are burned. Preventive measure- the destruction of aphids as a carrier of the disease. More resistant to viral diseases Orleans hybrids.

Noncommunicable diseases

Chlorosis- yellowing of the leaves between the veins is observed if the acidity of the soil is above normal - the soil is too alkaline.

Purple staining of foliage due to lack of nutrition (due to rotting of the roots). Occurs in poorly drained soil in conditions of excessive moisture.

Deformation of leaves and curvature of stems(formation of thickening and blisters) occurs when lilies are damaged spring frosts. Tubular hybrids are most susceptible to damage from a decrease in temperature.

fasciation- fusion of several stems into one in case of accidental damage to the growth point. This phenomenon is observed only when good care when lilies are able to produce several shoots from one bulb. On the next year grows a normal stem.

It happens that a bulb planted according to all the rules does not germinate (fall asleep) in the first year and does not die, but next spring gives a sprout.

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Nutritious bulbs of lilies are very fond of not only rodents, but also smaller pests. In addition, succulent stems and fleshy leaves of plants infect viral and fungal diseases that spoil appearance flowers and can even completely destroy them.

To cure a lily, first of all, it is necessary to correctly determine the cause of its damage. Read this article to learn how to determine which pest has settled on your beauties, as well as distinguish between fungal and viral diseases.

Fungal diseases of lilies

Lily is affected by fungal infections found in many flower crops. The spread of rot is promoted by high humidity, improper care, lack of preventive measures.

Of all fungal diseases gray rot- the most dangerous. Initially, the disease affects the lower leaves of plants, but very quickly covers all parts of the flower.

signs

The first signs of gray rot are brown round spots, which in the process of development are converted into brown mucous tissue with a gray coating. Gray rot spreads in rainy and damp weather, as well as with sudden changes in temperature. Affected lilies do not die, but only slow down in growth and lose their decorative effect.

Control measures

It is difficult to stop the disease, since the pathogen overwinters in bulbs and plant debris. Therefore, before planting, the bulbs must be soaked in a 0.5-1% solution of the TMTD disinfectant or in a 0.25-0.5% suspension of Fundazol. When the first signs of the disease occur, the flowers are treated once every 1-1.5 weeks with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid or another fungicide (Fundazol, Hom, Oksikh).

Fusarium

Fusarium is a rot that affects the bottom of the lily bulb. A plant that develops normally during the growing season dies during wintering. The cause of the disease is dampness, application organic fertilizers containing spores of the fungus.

signs

Fungal infection begins at the bottom of the bulb. In the place where the scales are attached to it, the lily bulb turns brown and falls apart. It is almost impossible to recognize this disease on a growing flower, since it can develop normally due to supra-bulbous roots that are not damaged by the fungus. However, in winter the plant is doomed to inevitable death.

Control measures

Disinfect the soil blue vitriol and formalin 2-3 weeks before planting the bulbs. Soak the bulbs themselves for half an hour in a 0.2% solution of Fundazol. Spray plantings every 1-1.5 weeks with a 0.1% solution of Fundazol or Bavistin. It is also possible to carry out treatments with a 0.2% solution of Topsin-M or Euparen.

Phytium is a disease of lilies that causes rotting of the roots, as a result of which the development of the culture is disrupted: the plant receives less nutrients and moisture. The affected lily loses its decorative effect, blooms weakly.

signs

The tops of the leaves turn yellow, the lily dries. The roots of the bulb are covered with brown spots.

Control measures

Remove affected plant parts. Before planting, disinfect the soil with a 0.4% solution of colloidal sulfur, soak the bulbs for half an hour in a 0.2% solution of Fundazol.

Blue mold infects bulbs during storage.

signs

White spots of hyphae of the fungus with a greenish coating on the bulbs. When digging up the bulbs, you can see that they have turned yellow, and their roots have died.

Control measures

Rejection of diseased bulbs. Compliance with storage rules. Ventilation and disinfection of storage.

Penicillosis

Penicillosis affects all parts of the lilies and provokes their decay.

signs

Bulbs, flowers, stems are covered with green bloom. Sick plants lag behind in growth, form weak flower stalks.

Control measures

Observe storage rules. When the first signs appear, pickle the affected bulbs in a 0.2% solution of potassium permanganate.

Rust

This disease is transmitted through plant debris contaminated with fungal spores.

signs

The first signs of the disease are small colorless spots that turn yellow over time. Red spore pads appear on the surface of the spots. As a result, the stems and leaves of lilies dry up.

Control measures

Remove and burn affected leaves. Spray the plants with a 0.2% solution of Zineb and regularly feed with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. Re-plant lilies in the area where the bulbs affected by rust grew, not earlier than after 3 years.

Lily virus diseases

Viral bulbous diseases are spread by insect pests (aphids and thrips) or flower growers themselves through an infected garden tools.

Cucumber and tobacco mosaic viruses

A fairly common disease of lilies, which is carried by aphids.

signs

Cucumber and tobacco mosaic viruses appear as light streaks and annular spots on leaves and flowers. As a result of the defeat, the stem of the lily is deformed and stops growing.

Control measures

Regularly inspect lilies and remove suspicious leaves, destroy specimens affected by mosaics. Disinfect garden tools. In order to combat the carrier of the disease (aphids), spray plantings with a 0.3% solution of Karbofos.

Tulip variegation virus

This virus settles inside the cells of lilies. Most often, aphids from tulips are transferred.

signs

The variegation virus disrupts the pigmentation of the petals, resulting in flowers with strokes, strokes, spots of a different color. Sick bulbs of the next generation decrease in size, the plants weaken, the variety gradually degenerates.

Control measures

Spray plantings with a 0.3% solution of Karbofos to protect them from aphids. Regularly inspect lilies and remove suspicious leaves, destroy specimens affected by mosaics. Disinfect garden tools.

rosette disease

The occurrence of this disease in lilies provokes a whole complex of viruses.

signs

Lilies affected by this virus are characterized by thickening and yellowing of the stem and the absence of flowers.

Control measures

Spray plantings with a 0.3% solution of Karbofos to protect them from aphids. Regularly inspect lilies and remove suspicious leaves, destroy specimens affected by mosaics. Disinfect garden tools before any manipulations with bulbs and aerial parts of plants.

Lily pests

There are about 15 types of pests that infect lilies. These small insects weaken plants and are carriers of viruses. We list the most dangerous of them.

spider mite

This pest feeds on the juice of young shoots, which inhibits the growth of lilies. red eggs spider mite can live in the soil for up to 5 years.

signs

Lily leaves curl, the plant itself gradually dries up. On closer inspection, white eggs and adult red spider mites are visible on the leaves.

Control measures

If a pest is found, spray the plants soapy water, 0.2% solution of Karbofos or acaricide (Apollo, Aktofit, etc.).

Pisk beetle (lily beetle, bulbous rattle)

Bright red beetle-squeaker lays larvae on the leaves of lilies color pink, covered with green-brown mucus, which can deprive plants of almost all leaves.

signs

Visible to the naked eye larvae and adults of the pest.

Control measures

Spray the plants with a 0.2% solution of Karbofos or another insecticide (Inta-Vir, Decis).

A lily fly starts inside an unpainted lily bud. Damage will become noticeable when the fly larva has already done its "work" and pupates in the ground.

signs

Etched pistils and anthers of stamens in flowers.

Control measures

Destroy damaged buds. Spray the plants with a 0.2% solution of Karbofos or another insecticide (Ditox, EC, etc.).

Medvedka

Medvedka eats roots, bulbs and stems of lilies.

signs

The presence of a bear on the site can be seen from the holes in the soil. If you notice that the lily is dying, and numerous passages come to the surface of the earth around the plant, most likely the reason is the defeat of the bear.

Control measures

Arrange traps for the bear in the ground. For example, manure pits or slate shelters where the insect will crawl to bask and lay eggs. Collected in one place, the bear will be easy to destroy. late autumn you need to dig deep into the ground to destroy the wintering stages of the pest.

Khrushch (May beetle larva)

Like the bear, the beetle larva eats the underground parts of the flower, which leads to its death.

signs

White fleshy larvae are visible in the ground. In case of damage, the death of the plant occurs.

Control measures

Dig the soil deeply before planting, select the larvae of the beetle from it by hand.

This pest lays eggs on the soil surface in May-June. Young individuals hatch from the eggs, which are introduced into the bulb, causing it to rot.

signs

In late spring - early summer, small black flies begin to circle around the lilies, which hang in flight and make a characteristic murmuring sound. If you notice these pests, chances are they have already laid their larvae in the soil.

Control measures

Spray the plants with a 0.2% solution of Karbofos or another insecticide (Inta-Vir, etc.). In autumn, dig the ground, mulch with peat. Before planting the bulbs, powder with Bazudin.

To reduce the number of pests, planting lilies should be kept clean, maintain normal soil moisture, remove plant debris, destroy pests, spray plants with insecticides.

We hope that now, if suddenly your lilies begin to "mope", you can easily determine the cause of their ill health, clearly identify the pest or disease and "declare war" on them in time. Take good care of your plants and don't let them get sick.

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If brown spots appear on the leaves of the lily, then the plant suffers from gray rot. How to deal with it?

Gray rot especially often develops in climatic zones with moderate temperature and large quantity precipitation. Most often, she suffers from perennial flower crops(lilies, peonies, tulips) in open ground. Pathogenic infection accumulates in the soil, roots, bulbs, and especially on the aerial parts of the plant during long-term cultivation in one place. In summer and spring, the infection spreads from diseased plants to healthy ones through water and air. Spores during the growing season scatter and fall on healthy plants, settle on the soil and weeds. Mycelium and spores overwinter on plant debris in the soil and in the basal rosette of leaves. Optimum temperature for their development - 16-21 ° С.

Control measures

• Plant only healthy bulbs in an open, well-ventilated, sunny area.
• Do not overfeed with manure and nitrogen fertilizers- this reduces the resistance of plants to diseases.
• Kill weeds and pests that weaken plants.
• Affected parts of plants, without waiting for the end of the growing season, cut and burn.
• In no case do not bury them with plant debris. If there is an infection in the area of ​​​​the bulb, before planting, pickle in a fungicide solution (Topsin-M - 0.2%; Fundazol - 0.2%; Bordeaux liquid- one%; copper oxychloride - 0.5%; Bayleton - 0.1%, Azofos - 2%). You can also shed the soil around the lilies with a solution of Maxim. It is effective against many fungal diseases, incl. gray rot. The fungicide kills the infection around and on the surface of lily bulbs.
• But since the infection of stems, leaves and buds occurs mainly on the surface, it is more effective to spray the above-ground part of the plants 2-3 times (with an interval of 16-20 days) with fungicide solutions before the disease and in case of its signs (specks on the leaves).

Often, gray rot affects the entire plant: leaves, buds, stems, flowers and seed pods, sometimes bulbs. First, dark brown spots appear, later turning pale in the center. On the leaves, they become transparent with darker, watery edges. The spots increase in size, merge, cover all the leaves and cause them to die. When the bulbs are damaged, the same spots appear on the upper lobules. When the stem is damaged, the entire upstream part of the plant turns brown and dries out. Sick buds do not open, turn brown. All diseased parts of plants in wet weather are covered with sporulation of the fungus.

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