How to properly process strawberries in the spring. How to process strawberries in spring? Care for strawberries in early spring. gray mold in early spring

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Spring care lays the foundation for the future harvest. Regardless of the time of planting, strawberries need special attention in the spring after the winter awakening. The obligatory measures and intricacies of processing, as well as the advice of experienced gardeners, will be discussed in this article.

Many believe that strawberries are quite unpretentious and bear fruit under any conditions. This opinion is based on the fact that wild nature strawberries survive without care and bait. However, home beds are not the natural habitat of culture, and many varieties are hybrids, requiring certain growing conditions.

Some species are very capricious, the yield is reduced even with proper processing. And in order for the plant to bear fruit abundantly and for a long time, you need to make a lot of effort.

The following activities are considered the most important:

irrigation (for the vegetative process);
loosening (enrichment of the soil with oxygen, prevention of soil compaction);
bait (in order to increase the yield and quality of berries);
mulching (to protect the plant from drying out and frost);
(to prolong the period of abundant fruiting).

Before planting, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the characteristics of the selected varieties. Every crop needs certain conditions, therefore it is better to plant strawberries of different types in separate beds. This will make care easier.

Processing strawberries after winter

Work on the beds must begin, as soon as the snow melted and the earth dried up not later than early May. For plants, this is not only an important, but also a vulnerable period, which is characterized by unstable weather, temperature fluctuations, frosts on the ground. Support needed to create favorable conditions during the formation of flower buds that ripen into berries.

In order to speed up the melting of late snow, gardeners sprinkle strawberry plantation ash or salt (in moderation).

Preparing the beds in the garden for the new season includes the following steps:

cleaning from dry leaves, mulch lined in autumn to protect plants from frost;
inspection of each bush in order to trim dry leaves, frozen shoots, extra tendrils;
weed removal;
loosening the soil;
soil enrichment nutrients.

Leave autumn mulch for the next season is not worth it, because on garden soils, rich in organic matter, often develops a complex of phytopathogens and pests.

Clean beds should be inspected for finding a point of growth. After a long wintering and snow melting, the root system of some plants is exposed. If open tubers are found, they should be carefully sprinkled using a lightweight mixture of soil, sand and peat and proper care should be taken.

Seating old bushes and how to reanimate the crop if it had time to freeze

After inspecting the bed, you need to determine which plants can move away from minor freezing, and which should be removed. If the bush had time to freeze or freeze, noticeably weakened or has most of the burgundy branches, it better to remove. Sense will still be small.

Spring time is characterized by the activation of vegetative growth, so planting a new seedling in the garden to revive the crop will not be difficult. Moreover, the percentage of survival with such a landing in the country in the summer is quite high.

Stages of work:

dig up an old bush that managed to freeze under the root and remove the tuber from the soil;
select a few old plants (not older than 3 years) for seedlings;
cut the root into several parts so that each fragment has 3-4 leaves;
process the roots a solution of potassium permanganate (slightly pink);
prepare a hole, introduce humus mixed with peat or other nitrogen fertilizer into it;
install seedlings in the pits and cover with earth, leveling the heart with the surface of the soil (when deepening, there is a high risk of decay).

Weeding berries in spring

After winter, the beds must be weeded and hilled. It is necessary to wield glanders carefully so as not to damage the roots.

Strawberries do not like to be disturbed unnecessarily, so you need to care and weed carefully, large weeds are better. pluck or cut near the ground surface secateurs. This will limit intrusion into root system culture.

The berry is especially sensitive to processing during the flowering period, so all work on cleaning and processing the plant should be completed before this stage, do them, clean the strawberries step by step according to the instructions. Otherwise, the inflorescences that appear on the damaged bush may fade.

When weeding, it is recommended cut off the first mustache so that they don't pull nutrients when flowering. In addition, the second release is characterized by a more powerful structure, which contributes to the rapid rooting of new shoots.

Spring dressing and how to process for a good harvest

For fertilizing strawberries are used different types fertilizers: organic, mineral, complex. Organic is considered the most affordable, get your own compost pit or container will not be difficult. When preparing a nutrient solution, adhere to the recommended proportions especially with bird droppings. Overdose can burn plants.

To stimulate the growth of seedlings, it is necessary to treat with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. Phosphorus is best introduced in the middle of summer, they will help strawberries get stronger and prepare for wintering. Complementary foods after winter are necessary for the active development of shoots, the formation of buds, in the place of which fruits are formed.

Most often they use urea, Bordeaux mixture, iodine, they need to be watered with flowering Victoria. Water or spray the plant according to the instructions.

In spring, not only plants awaken, but also insects, microorganisms located in the upper layers of the soil. Young seedlings, as well as mature bushes, need protection from diseases and pests. This can be achieved with the help of special preparations.

Modern means excellent in prevention and treatment various diseases, without inhibiting the development of the culture itself. The greatest danger to strawberries is a fungus, therefore the best prevention will control soil moisture.

Proper spraying from pests

The best treatment is timely prevention.

This principle guides gardeners when growing and protecting strawberries. Popular assistants in proper spraying are the following tools:

"Zircon" - increases immunity to almost all diseases, does not contain chemistry;
"Fitosporin", "Fito plus" - preparations for gray rot;
"Phytocide" - eliminates fungal diseases;
"Aktellik", "Aktofit" - help get rid of insects that carry infections and pests.

A tool with a wide spectrum of action deserves special attention. if they spray the plant:

fights pests and ticks;
protects against late blight, macrospariosis, etc.;
stimulates plant growth;
toxic in particular to larvae, eggs of insects.

The main advantage of the drug - absolute security for crops in the fight.

There are many gardeners folk recipes, which are sometimes not inferior in efficiency to store ones. One option is to connect copper sulfate and lime. Such a mixture copes well with fungus and pests. Not bad wins fungal diseases and potassium permanganate.

Important tips for processing and care

Apart from general rules strawberry care exist different nuances and secrets, the authors of which are experienced gardeners. Their advice helps to increase productivity, saturate the berry with juiciness and a unique taste.

When choosing a place for planting strawberries, it is worth giving preference to the site where they were previously grown: onions, beets, carrots, garlic, celery, greens.
Shoots develop well in light soils. It is recommended to add peat and sand to dense soil.
It is not worth fertilizing the soil just before planting, it is better to do it in the fall when spring landing. After the introduction of nutrition in the spring, you need to let the soil settle for at least a month.
When choosing an irrigation system, the choice is better to stop on drip irrigation or sprinkling.
Young shoots need trace elements. A good food for them will be a mixture of potassium permanganate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate and water.

To make spring work easier to carry out without missing important points, it is recommended to draw up an action plan for the processing of culture. The plant will surely reward the efforts and time spent with a generous harvest.

Strawberries are one of the most beloved and always desired berries on our tables. When breeding it, you need to take into account some of the subtleties of seasonal plant care, then the safety of the bushes and the yield are guaranteed.

Did you know? Strawberries are a healthy treat. Contains vitamins C, E, P, salicylic, oxalic, folic acid, carotene, potassium, calcium, fluorine, iron, silicon, copper, magnesium, zinc, iodine, chromium. All these vitamins and micro-, macroelements are involved in metabolic processes in the body, are responsible for the formation of immunity and the health of the nervous system.

This article will talk about the agricultural technology of strawberries and the features of caring for them in the spring, based on the advice of experienced gardeners.

How to care for strawberries in spring

Winter is over, the snow has melted, strawberries have appeared on the beds, the care of which, although simple in spring, is necessary for the bushes to start growing after hibernation. Let's take a closer look at how to care for strawberries in the spring in order to reap a good harvest in the summer.

Cleaning strawberries from debris

Before you process and feed the strawberries in the spring, you need to clear them of litter, thin out, cut, and, if necessary, transplant.

They clean the strawberries from last year's foliage, if you did not do this in the fall, or the one that froze in the winter. It is necessary to collect the old mulch, cut off or cut off all the withered antennae, shoots, peduncles and leaves - everything is removed, leaving only a bush with a few green leaves. If there are basal leaves (which spread along the ground) - they are also removed. The collected rubbish is thrown away or burned.

Important! Care for strawberries after winter always start with clearing. The more carefully you remove all dead parts from the bush, the better and friendlier the growth and fruiting will be in the end. In addition, by removing garbage from the garden, you destroy the pests that have survived in it during the winter, thereby preventing plant diseases.

Thinning, pruning, transplanting

With dense foliage, it is thinned out, several leaves are cut off - this is in order to provide maximum sunlight the rest. Basal leaves are also removed. It is also necessary to remove the sockets that began to develop in the winter. Pruning is done with secateurs, you can use ordinary sharp scissors. From the 3-4th year of growth, with active growth, the yield of strawberries decreases, so it needs to be planted - take young shoots from the mother bushes and plant them in another place. Transplantation is carried out around the beginning - mid-May. Seedlings from mother bushes should have healthy strong stems and leaves, developed roots. They are carefully removed from mother bush, antennae are removed, too long root processes are shortened and planted in a new place. Before planting, it is desirable to treat the roots with a growth preparation (Kornevin, etc.).

A plot for seedlings is prepared in 1-1.5 months. - make organic or mineral fertilizers, dig deep, level, sprinkle wood chips, sawdust, covered with a film or agrospan. The day for planting is chosen not hot, cloudy, calm. The optimal distance between the bushes is 25-35 cm, between the rows - 45-65 cm. The soil is well moistened and the seedling is planted ¼ of the height so that the "heart" remains completely above the ground. Planted bushes are watered and mulched.

Important! Only fresh shoots are transplanted. They cannot be stored.

Mulching is also the care of strawberries in the spring, until top dressing is applied. In addition to the fact that mulch retards the growth of weeds and eliminates the need for loosening after watering, it will maintain sufficient soil moisture until the flowering phase and prevent it from overheating. For mulch take peat, sawdust, straw, needles.

Did you know? It is advisable not to use hay, sunflower husks, buckwheat, rice - they quickly cake and dry out.

Mulch should also be added under the bushes when the ovary appears - the litter will protect the berries from dirt and decay during watering from contact with wet soil.

Spring feeding and watering strawberries

Caring for strawberries in the spring is also a mandatory top dressing after winter. At the same time, they monitor proper watering beds.

How often and how plentiful to water strawberries in spring

In dry weather, water up to 4-5 times a week. If it rains periodically, then, of course, less. Strawberries need constant moisture, but not excessive. Moreover, in the vegetation phase (before flowering), the bushes are watered over the foliage, and when flowers appear, under the root or between the rows.

Important! Do not use for watering cold water from a well, a well - let the collected water stand or heat it to slightly warm.

Watered late in the evening and in the morning (preferably before sunrise). After - be sure to loosen.

Features of spring feeding strawberries

Strawberries have their own peculiarities of spring care: they are fed twice during the spring.

When to Fertilize Strawberries in the Spring

Fertilize strawberries after spring clearing and pruning, then - during the flowering period. To the question of what fertilizers are needed for strawberries in the spring, then these should be top dressings that give maximum growth and development to the plant.

How to fertilize strawberries in spring Use for feeding organic and mineral compounds. Suitable litter, mullein - 30 g / 10 l of water, nitroammophoska, potassium or ammonium nitrate - 25-30 g / 10 l of water, etc.

When deciding what else to feed strawberries in the spring, you can try folk remedies- for example, yeast.

Did you know? Yeast is rich in protein (amino acids), carbohydrates (glycogen, polysaccharides), vitamins, and nitrogen. Contain phosphoric acid, potassium, zinc, iodine, iron, lipids.

There are several ways to feed strawberries in the spring with yeast. Most best option- 500 g of pressed non-dry yeast per 2.5 liters of water. It is necessary to thoroughly dissolve the yeast in this volume, and then add another 5 liters of water to the solution and mix again. You can add 80-100 g of sugar to the resulting mass and let it brew for 1.5-2 hours before watering.

Treatment of strawberries from diseases and pests

Before processing strawberries in the spring, make sure once again that you cut off all diseased leaves and that all shoots, stems of the plant are healthy. Because the first spring treatment is preventive, and all diseased parts of the plants must be identified and destroyed in order to prevent the spread of the disease to the entire planting.

Almost everyone loves strawberries, so there is a berry patch on almost everyone. suburban area. But not all summer residents manage to collect every year decent harvests, because garden strawberries (strawberries) are a rather capricious culture that requires a lot of attention and care. So, one of the reasons for poor yields is improper care or the absence of spring care at all.

How do you need to take care of strawberries in the spring so that it will please you with a rich harvest this season?

Well, let's understand the main stages and rules of spring care for garden strawberries.

When to start work on a strawberry garden in the spring: the timing of the start of strawberry care in different regions

Work with strawberries in the spring on the site begins immediately after the snow melts.

Depending on climatic conditions, the timing of the start of spring events varies significantly.

And in order to properly care for strawberries (normal and remontant) in the spring, it is necessary to take into account the climatic features of growing crops in different regions and, accordingly, start spring work on time:

Yes, in southern regions to care for strawberry patch they start already in early spring - in mid-March, immediately after the earth dries out a little.
AT middle lane(Moscow region) they begin to take care of strawberry bushes after winter much later - in the second half of April.
in the Northwest (in Leningrad region), as well as in the Urals and Siberia, spring care for garden strawberries begins to be carried out towards the end of April-beginning of May.

How to care for strawberries in spring: the main activities

Despite the different start times of work, the scheme of spring activities for the care of strawberries is approximately the same.

So what do you need to do with strawberries in the spring to get a good and tasty harvest?

The composition of measures for the care of strawberries in the spring includes the following:

opening after winter (removal of winter shelter);
pruning;
loosening and weeding;
watering;
mulching;
top dressing;
treatment for pests and diseases.

Video: what is important to do for strawberries in spring

Opening bushes after winter

It is necessary to remove the shelter from the strawberries in the spring when all the snow has completely melted and melted. At this moment the area cleared of the mulch laid in the fall, and also removed from the beds all leftover rubbish(It is very convenient to do this with a fan rake).

Together with organic residues, you will get rid of many insect pests and fungal spores left after wintering. Besides, open ground warms up faster by the sun's rays, which stimulates the plant to start growing.

Note! You should not be very upset if several plants pulled out of the ground during cleaning and cleaning the beds. Most likely, they were very weak or sick. Healthy shrubs tend to be well rooted and not easy to pull out.

pruning

Properly performed spring pruning will help tidy up strawberries in the spring.

So, in order for the bushes to develop normally and get sick less, immediately after opening they must be examined for damage and foci of disease (especially fungal ones, which you can identify by spots on the leaves). And then delete any dried, damaged or diseased leaves strawberries.

All collected after spring pruning dry and diseased leaves must be burned.

If you do not plan to propagate strawberries, then all the mustache that appeared last year should also be removed so that the plant directs all its forces to laying flower buds, which means that in the future you will get a good harvest.

Important! Strawberry leaves should be cut very carefully so as not to catch the heart and healthy young plates. Due to such damage, the plant will be sick for a long time and may even die.

And of course, pruning should be done only with sharp secateurs or scissors.

Video: pruning strawberries in spring

Loosening and weeding

Next, you can proceed to loosening the soil and weeding from weeds (simultaneously). The purpose of this garden manipulation is aimed not only at improving aeration (so that the soil and, accordingly, the roots of the plant “breathe”) and the permeability of the soil, but also at retaining moisture in the soil layers.

Important! It is necessary to loosen the soil around the bushes very carefully, since most strawberry roots are at a depth of less than 5 cm (it has a rather superficial root system). Therefore, near the bushes, the soil is loosened with a small chopper.

If in some places the roots are a little bare after the winter, they are lightly spudded (sprinkled with earth). Young plants, which were a little bit sucked into the soil during the winter, and their growth point was in the ground, are slightly raked.

In the process of loosening and weeding, it is important not to cover young leaves with soil.

By the way! If you fundamentally do not mulch the beds and your strawberry bushes are literally "drown" in weeds, then you should try using herbicides (weed killers), for example, the same Lontrel-300D.

Watering

If the snow has long since melted, the soil has dried out, there is no precipitation and the bed is dry, then it is at this moment that garden strawberries really need watering.

It is especially important to water the strawberries in a timely manner in the spring if you have fairly old bushes (2-3 years old), in which, as a rule, the “heart” has risen above the ground, which means that it dries out a lot.

By the way! As already mentioned in the previous paragraph "Loosening and weeding", such bushes must be additionally sprinkled with earth, covering the "hearts".

In the future, strawberries are watered with slightly warm water in the spring, in the morning or evening once a week. Before the appearance of the first flower, the bed is moistened by sprinkling. And during the period of flowering and fruit set, since moisture on the aerial part is undesirable, watering is carried out exclusively under the root, or a drip irrigation system is used.

Mulching

To reduce the evaporation of moisture and prevent the growth of weeds, produce in the spring mulching strawberry beds a thin layer of sawdust, straw or fertile soil - humus, compost, peat, biohumus.

As a rule, berries that lie on the mulch look much more attractive, they are less likely to rot, they do not need to be washed, which significantly increases the shelf life.

Also, strawberries are often grown under covering material, usually black.

By the way! As for strawberries already planted in covering material (spunbond), in the spring it does not need to be removed, but only cut off dry and damaged leaves.

By the way! More about mulching strawberries in spring and read in autumn

top dressing

The next serious step in the proper care of strawberries in the spring is to enrich the soil with nutrients.

Note! It is not worth rushing with the first dressing. start feeding garden strawberries it is possible only at a soil temperature not lower than + 8-10 degrees. At a lower level, the roots do not absorb and absorb fertilizers.

As dressings for garden strawberries, complex mineral and organic fertilizers are used. And for greater efficiency, the plants are alternately pampered with both root and foliar top dressing.

By the way! It is convenient to combine the first dressing of strawberries in spring with watering.

Naturally, it is important to know what fertilizers are best for watering strawberries in the spring in order to get a good harvest.

As a rule, in early spring, under strawberry bushes, first of all, they make nitrogen fertilizers(for a set of green mass), for example, urea (urea), ammonium nitrate.

Important! Mineral fertilizers should be applied strictly on moist soil, i.e. first water with water, and then spill with a solution of mineral fertilizer.

Then, when the strawberries begin to grow, new leaves will begin to grow actively, you need to use potassium-phosphorus fertilizers(for laying flower buds), and even better full complex fertilizer type "Nitroammophoski".

The last time strawberries are fed in the spring just before flowering (again, with potassium-phosphorus fertilizer).

Concerning organic fertilizers for strawberries, you can feed the strawberries in the spring infusion chicken manure (Pour 1/3 of a bucket of chicken manure with water, let it brew for 3 days, then add it when watering in a ratio of 1:20, that is, 0.5 liters of solution per 10 liters of water). And also spill the solution wood ash or powder on damp ground, right on the bush (ash is also an excellent assistant in protecting strawberries from diseases and pests).

Note! The composition of top dressing (+ at the same time means of protection against diseases and pests) for strawberries based on boric acid, iodine, potassium permanganate and ammonia wanders on the Internet.

However, it makes no sense to feed strawberries at the same time and boric acid, and ammonia ( ammonia), because they neutralize each other, although individually these agents are very effective (the same boric acid).

Video: fertilizing strawberries in spring with a solution of boric acid, iodine, potassium permanganate and ammonia

Again, there are special fertilizers for garden strawberries, for example, the same Gumi-Omi "Berry" for raspberries, strawberries and others. berry bushes(which is also made on the basis of chicken manure), as well as Agricola, Fertika (all for berry crops).

Video: first spring dressing strawberries

Treatment for diseases and pests

Treatment of strawberries from diseases and pests - milestone spring care, as warm weather with frequent precipitation is an ideal environment for the development of fungal diseases.

To protect strawberries from diseases and pests, you need to carry out several preventive and therapeutic sprays with fungicides and insecticides (including acaricidal action, i.e. against ticks.

Preparations for treating bushes from diseases and pests can be of both biological and chemical origin.

Of course, it is believed that it is safest to spray strawberries with biological products or use folk remedies (although they may not be of biological origin), since they are absolutely safe for human health. However, it is in the spring (before fruiting) that chemicals should be used, especially if your strawberry bushes are often affected by various diseases or insect invasions occur on them (the same ticks).

Note! Ticks can only be detected by characteristics (cannot be seen, they are very small): strawberry leaves have shriveled and stopped developing, while they have an olive-pancake hue.

As for the treatment scheme, the first time strawberry bushes are sprayed Bordeaux liquid or copper-containing preparations immediately after cleaning mulch and organic debris from the garden. Second time- before flowering. This time they are treated with more serious chemical or biological preparations.

Important! It is necessary to spray not only the leaves, but also the soil between the bushes, since pathogens overwinter in the soil.

Among the biological products aimed at combating fungal diseases (powdery mildew, gray rot), there are , Fitolavin, Alirin, Gamair, Trichotsin (against gray rot), against pests - Fitoverm (against ticks), Lepidocid (from a complex of pests - leafworms, sawflies, moths, moths).

Boiling water - a folk remedy for strawberry mites. The procedure must be carried out when the air temperature is not lower than +5 degrees. It is at this temperature that the tick comes out of hibernation.

It is necessary to pour into the center of the bush, where the pests sit.

At the same time, it should be understood that you will not burn the bushes in any way, because while you bring a bucket of water to the garden, while you pour it into a watering can, the temperature will drop to 70-80 degrees.

In general, the procedure is similar to early spring .

The most popular and effective chemicals to combat strawberry diseases are Bordeaux liquid (1-3% solution), Horus, Skor or Rayok, Topaz, with pests - Aktellik (against a complex of pests), Thiovit Jet (from powdery mildew and ticks), Slug Eater (from slugs and snails), Ant (from ants).

Video: how to process strawberries in spring - practical advice

Transfer and landing

Strawberry bushes grow well and bear fruit for 3-4 years. Then they need to be propagated or divided, in other words, transplanted to a new place. It also quite often happens that strawberries may simply not survive the winter, which means that you will need to replace them.

Advice! And about how transplant garden strawberries to new ones place in spring, — .

In addition, in the spring you can buy and plant new strawberry seedlings in open ground.

By the way! About, when and how to plant strawberry seedlings in spring in open ground, read .

By the way! Instead of buying rather expensive seedlings, you can.

Video: strawberry transplant in spring

Typical strawberry care mistakes in spring

Beginning gardeners due to lack of experience often make mistakes. To save berry bushes from negative consequences, it is better to familiarize yourself with popular misconceptions in advance.

So, one can distinguish the following errors that beginners can allow during spring strawberry care:

very deeply loosen the soil near the bushes;
do not water the bushes, although the weather is dry (no precipitation or they are insignificant);
during pruning, they touch and damage the growth point (heart);
contribute too much nitrogen fertilizers or not fed at all;
do not moisten the soil before applying mineral fertilizer;
do not carry out treatment from diseases and pests;
when planting, the heart is deeply buried;
they forget to plant strawberries once every 3-4 years, and it ceases to bear fruit normally.

Caring for strawberries in the spring, so that there is a good and tasty harvest, is not at all difficult. It is enough to perform all the necessary measures and avoid mistakes. If you carefully consider the process, then you can easily do everything on highest level and get a great harvest.

Thus, in order to obtain a high-quality and generous harvest, it is necessary to include in the spring in the care of strawberries (for ordinary and remontant) all of the above activities. They will help the culture wake up after the winter and prepare for fruiting in the summer.

Video: how to care for strawberries in spring

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Strawberries are unpretentious horticultural crops but still requires some care. First of all, it concerns protection against diseases and insects. The processing of strawberries in the spring from diseases and pests should not be skipped, since the health and productivity of plants will depend on this.

This article will describe the main diseases and crop pests, methods of dealing with them and effective prophylactic. You will also learn how to properly handle strawberries in the spring to prevent disease in young plants.

Strawberry diseases and the need for processing in the spring

Each disease develops in certain soil and climatic conditions, therefore, before planting, you need to take into account the likelihood of developing pathologies of this variety in your area.

Despite this, all diseases have characteristic symptoms and factors provoking the development of certain pathologies. Let's consider them in more detail.

Causes

Most diseases develop due to fungal spores. Offensive warm weather and high humidity contribute to their spread throughout the site.

Note: Often the gardener himself is guilty of an infection in the beds if he buys seedlings of unknown origin in the market or from neighbors.

Also, the following reasons contribute to the development of ailments:

dense plantings, including overgrowing of the site with weeds that impair the ventilation of the beds;
non-observance of crop rotation rules, placement near crops prone to the same diseases;
lack of care (trimming of mustaches and leaves, loosening);
depleted soil with a lack of magnesium, potassium and other elements;
rare top dressing, weakening the immunity of the bushes;
excess moisture.

In addition, diseases can also appear if strawberries are planted in the wrong place, and the plants feel an acute shortage of sunlight. Also, infections and fungi are spread by pests, so these insects need to be destroyed in time.

Symptoms

The first sign indicating that the plant is sick is spots on the leaves. The color of the spots may suggest the cause of the disease. They can be red, brown, light or rusty. At the first appearance of such spots, the plant is subjected to immediate treatment (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Common strawberry diseases: rot, rust and powdery mildew

Symptoms of diseases vary, but you should always pay attention to general state bushes. If the strawberry begins to lean, the leaves dry quickly, turn brown, which means that the pathology is developing. If treatment is not applied as soon as possible, then in a few months the plant will die.

Often the treatment is carried out in isolation. For this, the diseased bush is dug up and placed in separate container where treatment is carried out. In the worst case, the disease can migrate to neighboring bushes and it will be much more difficult to deal with it. With a strong defeat of the seedling, it is immediately removed from the garden and burned.

Note: If regular wilting of strawberries occurs from year to year, the type or quality of the soil may not be suitable for the selected varieties. In this case, you should choose the most disease-resistant varieties.

There are cases when it is impossible to determine the presence of a disease, and you can find out about it only when the first inflorescences are formed. They are deformed and stained. If the berries are formed under such conditions, then they are still green covered with brown spots, then they become stale and dry. Ripe fruits lose their sweetness, become tasteless and bitter.

Strawberry diseases and their treatment: video

The author of the video will tell you more about the processing of strawberries in the spring from diseases and pests, as well as about the main diseases of this crop.

Processing strawberries in the spring from diseases and pests

To get a good harvest, it is necessary to carry out spring processing of strawberries from diseases and pests, as well as a number of agrotechnical measures, which will help keep the plants healthy and get a rich harvest.

There are several methods of prevention, as well as certain rules for processing plants.

Processing features

During the spring processing of planting strawberries, experienced gardeners recommend removing upper layer soil. Thus, we can get rid of many pests. If this is not possible for you, then you need to loosen the soil well and remove the weeds. Produce sanitization plants, remove dry and damaged leaves. This should be done in dry sunny weather and very carefully so as not to damage the bush, since the plants are still weak after winter and not sufficiently rooted (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Treatment of strawberries against diseases and pests

After cleaning the beds, you need to proceed to preventive treatment plantings from pests and diseases, especially fungal. It is good to spray the bushes with copper-containing preparations. This will reduce the likelihood of damage to plants by spotting, powdery mildew, verticillium. It must be remembered that the treatment should be carried out before the plant begins to bloom.

Note: During the flowering period, biological preparations can be used. With a strong infection of plantings, a week after harvesting, the bushes need to be mowed.

It is impossible to allow an excess of nitrogen, constantly carry out top dressing with both organic and mineral fertilizers. It is not recommended to use fresh manure, it can cause infections and pests.

Ways

With the onset of spring, it is necessary to process strawberries from diseases and pests. For this you can use chemicals or biologics. Many gardeners recommend treating strawberries and other crops with hot water. To do this, the water is heated to a temperature of + 60-65 degrees and the bushes are watered from above. The main thing is that the water does not cool down in advance, and the distance between the bush and the watering can is about a meter.

When the earth warms up well, the landings again need to be mulched. Pine or spruce needles, straw, or special material can be used as mulch. The mulch will act as an antiseptic.

rules

Planting begins after the snow has completely melted. First of all, last year's layer of mulch and other debris are raked, then the top layer of soil is removed. Next, you need to feed the plants with organic or mineral fertilizers. After that, the plantings are dug deep and thinned out.

To reduce the likelihood of diseases and pests, they are guided by the following rules:

The soil is treated before planting;
Seedlings are purchased from trusted suppliers, better - in specialized nurseries;
Timely carry out proper care, remove weeds;
Every 3-4 years, transplant strawberries to a new place;
Plant repellent plants, such as calendula or marigolds, next to strawberry plantings.

When processing bushes, special biological products and chemical solutions are used. All work is carried out in the morning or in the evening. It is impossible to carry out such events in the hot time of the day.

Treatment scheme for pests and diseases

There is no specific scheme for processing strawberries from diseases and pests. The main thing in the fight is to hold on time preventive measures(Figure 3).

Figure 3. Scheme spring processing strawberries from diseases and pests

AT spring time you need to remove the top layer of soil between the bushes and replace it with fresh soil. If this fails, remove last year's mulch and loosen the soil well. Remove old leaves and mustaches, plant young rosettes in place of dead bushes. Apply fertilizer to the soil and treat for diseases and pests.

After the strawberries begin to grow, the bed needs to be mulched. Before flowering should be treated against pests and fungal diseases. When the first buds appear in the soil, it is necessary to apply phosphate fertilizers, and after flowering - complex mineral fertilizers.

Processing strawberries in the fall from pests and diseases

In autumn, the garden needs special care. And although the strawberry crop has already been harvested, it still needs pruning, feeding, watering, loosening and processing from diseases and pests.

The correctness of the autumn care will determine how successfully the plants will endure the winter and whether they will be able to actively bear fruit next year.

Processing features

The fight against diseases and pests is to prevent negative factors and preventive measures. Prevention can be folk methods and with the help of special preparations. But even supporters of folk remedies admit that it is better to fight ailments with modern drugs. They should be used in spring or autumn, when the plants do not bear fruit. For plants to have good view, autumn processing of strawberries should be carried out systematically.

Of the strawberry pests, the most common are: spider mite, strawberry weevil, snails, slugs, aphids. Of the diseases - gray, brown and white spotting, powdery mildew.

For processing strawberries in the fall, the following preparations are used: Nitrofen, Topaz, Actellik, Karbofos, Metaldegrid and others, as well as folk remedies for pest control. You can also use Bordeaux liquid, blue vitriol or manganese. Slugs and snails must be independently collected from the bushes and destroyed.

For prevention, it is necessary to constantly remove weeds, water and feed the plants, loosen the soil, cut dry and diseased leaves and shoots.

Ways

The best method of controlling diseases and pests is prevention. But, if this fails, then use different ways struggle.

by the most dangerous pest considered to be a strawberry mite. To combat it, spraying with karbofos is used. Carry out this procedure after the last harvest. This method can be used to control weevils, whiteflies and other pests. In the fight against weevil, it is necessary to take into account crop rotation, as well as spray plants during the period of active life with Nurell D, Karate, Zolon preparations.

You can get rid of slugs by picking them up with your hands or using Metaldehyde granular. After fruiting, granules are laid out under each bush, which destroy slugs.

Among the diseases, gray rot is considered the most common. To combat the disease, plantings are treated with copper oxychloride before flowering, and after harvesting, a solution of copper oxychloride is used and liquid soap. You can not thicken the landing.

From brown spotting, liquid cute and copper oxychloride are used. Spraying is carried out in early spring and autumn. When the bushes are affected by powdery mildew, strawberries are treated with Sulfaride, potassium permanganate or colloidal sulfur before flowering.

rules

Conducting autumn processing strawberries from diseases and pests, the following rules should be observed:

Using special solutions they should be bred only according to the instructions;
Processing of plants is carried out in the early morning or late evening;
Spray the bushes after the last harvest;
A plant infected with late blight in a neglected form is removed from the garden and burned.

In order to prevent the spread of diseases and pests, it is necessary to remove weeds in a timely manner, feed the plants and loosen the ground, as well as periodically inspect the plantings to detect the first signs of the disease.

The author of the video tells how to properly care for strawberries in different seasons.

Treatment of strawberry late blight

Late blight is considered one of the most common diseases. It affects different types of plants and can be transmitted from one crop to another.

This disease is dangerous because its pathogen can persist in the soil, therefore, when the first symptoms of the pathology are detected, treatment should be started immediately.

Causes

The appearance of late blight often manifests itself in the second half of summer. Rainy weather and high temperatures contribute to rapid spread.

The causative agents of the disease are fungi that are transmitted by zoospores. The infection scheme looks simple: the spores of the fungus fall on the aerial parts of neighboring plants or are washed into the ground by rain. Phytophthora affects both aboveground parts of plants (stems, leaves, fruits) and underground (tubers).

Very often, strawberry bushes become infected with late blight from tomatoes and potatoes planted nearby.

Symptoms

Signs of late blight are gray-brown spots, which are covered with a coating resembling a cobweb or surrounded by a ring of white mold (Figure 4). The leaves of the affected plant wither, brown spots appear on the petioles and peduncles, which soon rot, it noticeably lags behind in growth. Parts of the plants that are affected die off, sometimes the plants die.

Note: In infected plants, the number of rosettes decreases, the leaves on them are deformed, the whiskers become short. In autumn, you can see signs of late blight on the roots. Small roots all die off, thereby exposing larger ones, they soon begin to rot. The wood of the root is painted black-brown.

When the buds bloom, the core of the inflorescences looks dead. The pistils turn black, but the corolla remains white. This may resemble freezing in the spring, but with late blight, the shape of diseased flowers differs from healthy ones. In addition, berries are no longer formed from such flowers.

Figure 4. Symptoms of strawberry late blight

The disease brings great losses to ovaries and immature fruits. The berries are bent, lose their taste and become unsuitable for transportation and storage. brown spots on the pulp they become bitter and hard, soon the berries dry out and die. To distinguish a diseased berry from one that lacks water, you can simply cut it: if the core of the dark berry is affected.

Verticillium wilt of strawberries: treatment

Strawberries are affected by verticillium at any age. The most obvious symptoms during the fruiting period.

Consider the main causes that can cause the disease, as well as the symptoms of the disease, by which it can be determined that the bush needs treatment.

Causes

Verticillium wilt of strawberries is caused by a fungus. The harmfulness of this disease is expressed in the rapid decline in yield and the death of bushes. The affected plant dies in the second year.

Note: The disease most often manifests itself in beds where the predecessors were crops susceptible to the disease: potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, cotton, raspberries, etc.

The disease affects plants of any age. The manifestation of the disease begins in late May - early June and continues to develop throughout the growing season. Plants are infected with verticillium through the root system. Once in the roots, the mycelium of the fungus penetrates the conducting system and multiplies. As it becomes infected inside, the root becomes brown and dies.

Symptoms

Symptoms of the disease vary depending on soil type, strawberry variety and other causes (Figure 5).

Drying begins with damage to the root neck, vascular system, sockets and root system. The infected plant lags behind in growth, then the leaves begin to fall to the ground and turn red-yellow.

Figure 5. Signs of verticillium wilt of strawberries

In the chronic form, a gradual increase in symptoms occurs, which is expressed in a lag in the growth of leaves and a decrease in their number. By the end of the growing season, the petioles of the leaves become red and die imperceptibly. Some bushes manage to survive and give new growth in the spring. This is achieved by varieties that are resistant to fungi.

To avoid the occurrence of this disease, you need to observe crop rotation and choose resistant varieties bred by breeders.

Treatment of chlorosis in strawberries

Chlorosis is not a very serious disease, and if you notice the signs in time and take certain actions, you can save the plant. But in order to do this, you need to know the causes and signs of the disease.

Causes

The most common signs of chlorosis are (Figure 6):

Infection: A plant can become ill with chlorosis due to infection by insects and pests from diseased plants, as well as from diseases accumulated over the years in the soil.
The lack of trace elements and minerals in the diet: this is the most common cause occurrence of the disease. Plants need magnesium, zinc, iron, lime, etc., so they need to be fed regularly.
Conditions for care and planting: the occurrence of chlorosis may be due to damage to the root system, poor quality of the soil, wrong location beds or improper care and watering.

To begin to properly treat plants, you need to determine the true cause of the disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of the disease may be different, detailed information can be obtained by conducting special laboratory research. But there are a number of external signs by which you can determine which trace element the plant lacks.

Figure 6. Symptoms of strawberry chlorosis

The most common type is iron chlorosis. The leaf plate uniformly turns yellow or white, the veins remain green. Upper young leaves suffer first.

Magnesium chlorosis occurs due to a lack of magnesium. Often found in light sandy soils. The edges of the old lower leaves begin to turn yellow first, and then the entire leaf.

In spring, zinc chlorosis is very common, especially on older leaves. The disease begins with an excess of nitrogen in the soil. Dots of red, orange or yellow appear on the leaf plates.

Nitrogen chlorosis is manifested by yellowing veins on the lower leaves. Soon, the parts of the leaf adjacent to the veins lose color, then the entire leaf. Sulfuric chlorosis first affects young leaves. First, the veins turn yellow, and then the entire leaf plate.

Strawberry brown spot: treatment during flowering

Brown spot widespread fungal disease. Its development is affected by increased humidity associated with constant precipitation or excessive watering. Because of this, the disease can appear in spring, summer and autumn.

Causes

The cause of the disease is the mycelium of the fungus. Main Feature This pathogen is its two-season: in the first year, development occurs during fruiting and persists for the winter. In a year, late spring when the fruits begin to form, a second infection occurs, which negatively affects the yield.

The development of the disease is provoked by the same factors as other fungal infections: excessive watering, dense plantings, constant dampness of the soil in the garden, temporary cooling and overgrowing of the site with weeds.

Symptoms

Obvious signs of the disease are burns on the leaves (Figure 7). These are contourless brown-brown spots of oval or round shape. On the initial stage they resemble small opaces along the edges of the leaf, after a while the spots grow, and dark leathery mushroom pads appear on top. Mustaches and peduncles are also covered with brown spots.

Figure 7. Signs of brown spot on strawberry leaves

Soon the leaves dry up and die, and the spores of the fungus remain. At the first rainfall, the spores will disperse throughout the garden.

Protection of strawberries from pests and diseases

To protect the bushes and get good yields, you need to apply an integrated system that includes agrotechnical, chemical, biological and quarantine measures.

Agrotechnical ones imply compliance with crop rotation, fulfillment of requirements for the timing and methods of soil cultivation, planting, weed control, and fertilization.

The chemical method consists in applying special means protection against a group of pests and diseases. To do this, in early spring, you need to remove damaged and dry leaves. At the first sign of powdery mildew, spotting and gray rot, the planting is treated with a Bordeaux mixture before the leaves begin to grow. During the period of leaf regrowth, when signs of white and brown spotting appear, they are treated with Euparen. During the formation of buds, they are treated against moths, gall midges and other pests with Actellik. After harvesting, plantings are treated with Topaz, Euparen or Switch.

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