Overview of roofing materials - modern roofing materials. What is the best material for the roof of the house? New types of roofing materials for the roof

A house without a roof is practically not a house. So, if you intend to build your own house, you will have to think about the best way to cover the roof. What to prefer soft material or hard, roll or piece, flat or profile. Before making a choice in favor of one of them, you need to know about their properties, and for what types of structures they are most suitable.

Modern roofing differs significantly from its traditional understanding. And it's not just originality. modern roofs. It is more practical and durable, aesthetic and durable than its classic counterpart. Modern coatings are distinguished by:
- weather resistance;
- convenience and lightness of the device;
- affordable cost.
Today modern materials opened up great opportunities for creating real masterpieces of architecture. Modern design solutions include:
- Combined, in which classic options are successfully combined. For example, it can be a house with turrets, in which the ceiling smoothly transitions to household buildings.
- Multi-level, the design of which provides for several tiers (levels) intended for operation in winter and summer.
- Attic, in which attic space can be arranged for a full-fledged living space: block, floor or room.
What criteria should modern roofing materials meet?

Define the requirements that must be met modern roof:
- resistance to various loads: chemical, mechanical, weather conditions, ultraviolet and wind;
- withstand sharp fluctuations in temperature;
- resist the formation of fungus, mold or other microorganisms that adversely affect the microclimate in a residential building;
- have a sufficient level of fire, heat and moisture protection;
- to remove the steam that highlights the structure;
- have necessary level stiffness, density and elasticity;
- have a long service life. High-quality modern roofing materials for roofing require operation without the need for repair work for at least 25–30 years;
- simple coating device and its maintenance.
On a note
Modern roofs are light, so the occurrence of additional load on the supporting structure of the building can be excluded. They can be used for finishing the roofs of wooden and brick houses, structures made of concrete slabs.

The choice of materials for roofing is actually more difficult than it might seem. Introducing small review, which will help you navigate the variety of roofing materials on the market today.

Modern materials

Sheet roofing
- . This is multilayer sheet cold-rolled galvanized steel, profiled, coated on both sides with a protective coating. Several layers are applied on top of it: primer, passivating, polymer, possibly supplemented with stone dressing.
The wavy profile provides rigidity to the sheet and gives a showy appearance. The roof completely imitates expensive ceramic tiles. Sheets of metal tiles with a thickness of 0.4-0.6 mm are very light - only three to five kg / sq. m. They do not fade and do not rust. This is at least 30 years old and reliably protects the house from precipitation.
- light weight, which allows you to lay the coating alone;
- simple installation, sheets are attached easily and quickly enough;
- the possibility of different color solutions;
- relatively low cost;
- long service life;
- the surface of the sheets is smooth, which prevents snow from lingering on the roof;
- successfully resists impacts and various loads.
- disadvantages
- the need for additional sound insulation;
- a large number of waste
- . Like a metal tile, a profiled sheet is made of galvanized steel, which is coated with a colored polymer coating that performs a protective function, in particular, polyester. Sheets with a rectangular, trapezoidal or wavy profile are on sale. The profile height varies between 8–35 mm. For the roof, corrugated board of the brand is used: C8, 21, 44, HC35, 57, 60. Big sizes sheets allow you to quickly overlap structures, use them for quick repairs.
- Advantages:
- Disadvantages:
- low level sound insulation;
- poor protection of the ends of the sheet after trimming.
- . These are sheets of compressed synthetic or natural cellulose fibers impregnated with bitumen. The 3 mm coating has a bright color due to the heat-resistant polymer paint which is applied to its surface. Visually euroslate (ondulin) resembles slate. It is a little more expensive, but it has more advantages.
- Advantages
- disadvantages
- combustibility (critical temperature - 110˚);
- the color is unstable to ultraviolet radiation and the material fades;
- in the heat, ondulin softens, besides, it begins to smell strongly of bitumen.
In addition to Ondulin, it is also represented on the market, one might say, an analogue of Onduvilla. Its sheets are much narrower than those of Ondulin, due to which the coating looks more presentable.

On a note
The slate is still relevant. To give expressiveness to asbestos-cement sheets, improve the appearance of the roof and extend the service life, special paint is applied to them. Slate roofing is strong, durable and protects the structure well. However, heavy weight, fragility complicate installation. In wet climatic conditions moss often appears on such a roof.
- . Such a roof got its name because of the method of connecting sheets-pictures - a fold. There are several technologies for obtaining a seam connection. Accordingly, single or double, recumbent, standing or corner folds are distinguished. All of them have varying degrees reliability, therefore, they are used to connect sheets in different areas, for example, standing, as the most reliable, are used along the length of the picture, and recumbent, respectively, in width.
The seam coating is assembled from smooth sheets of steel, galvanized or not, it is also possible to have a polymer layer that performs a protective function.
- Advantages
- incombustibility;
- aesthetics;
- high flexibility, which allows covering roofs of complex configuration;
- light weight allows you not to strengthen the rafters;
- frost resistance.
- disadvantages
- insufficient impact resistance;
- mandatory thermal insulation (without insulation of the seam roof in the building it will be cold);
- mandatory provision of lightning protection due to static electricity accumulating on such a roof;
- great noise.
For the installation of seam roofing, copper or aluminum is also used. The resulting coating is particularly attractive and reliable, but it is quite expensive. It is also good that it is generally not prone to corrosion.

Soft roof
- . Modern flexible tiles (shingles,) can be said to have pushed aside the traditional roof. This is easily explained by the high quality and affordable cost of the material. Fiberglass - its base, impregnated with modified bitumen and covered stone chips from basalt or slate. It is due to the surface layer that the coating acquires a three-dimensional pattern and shade. With back side tiles is a self-adhesive bituminous layer, which greatly simplifies the laying of the material. Installation of soft tiles experts consider the simplest, it is very easy to do it yourself.
- Advantages
- noiselessness;
- aesthetics;
- flexibility;
- there is no corrosion on the coating, moisture does not condense;
- the rough surface excludes spontaneous descent of snow from a roof;
- reasonable cost.
- disadvantages
- becomes brittle in the cold;
- softens in the heat, which is accompanied by a specific smell of bitumen;
- combustibility.
- Roll deposited. This material is known as various titles, for example, stekloizol, Isoflex, TechnoNIKOL. However, its essence does not change significantly from this. This coverage may be based on:
- polyester, which is durable but expensive;
- fiberglass is also good characteristics,
- fiberglass, significantly inferior to them in its quality.
The base is impregnated with oxidized bitumen containing SBS or APP modifiers, which provide the coating with elasticity and durability. The last is a polymer layer with sand, small fragments of slate or mica. The use of weld overlay in material deposition provides exceptional waterproofing characteristics coatings.
- Advantages
- water resistance;
- high mechanical strength.
- flexibility;
- weather resistance.
- disadvantages
We only note the rules for storing rolls: in a vertical position, away from heating equipment.

The construction industry does not stand still, constantly developing, releasing, and offering the consumer new technologies and products for each stage of construction. Since the roof is one of the most important structural elements buildings, then modern roofing materials are created to match the comfort level of the building. What are these materials, what are their properties and how to work with them - later in the article.

The roof and its covering are subjected to, perhaps, the most extreme loads from external factors compared to all other building structures.

In this regard, they must have some specific qualities, the set of which is wider than, say, wall materials.

The main requirements for the roof include:

The durability of a coating is its ability to resist physical activity, both dynamic (e.g. gusts of wind, rain pressure, hail strikes) and static - mass of snow in winter
Water resistance - the ability to resist the penetration of moisture under a certain pressure for a given period of time
Frost resistance - the number of freeze and thaw cycles that the roof is able to transfer without losing its protective properties
Biological resistance - the ability to resist the harmful effects of microorganisms and decay
Chemical resistance - resistance to aggressive substances that fall on roof structures from the atmosphere or other sources
Sound absorption - insulation interior spaces buildings from external noise
Manufacturability - a set of factors that characterize the ease of installation and subsequent maintenance and repair of the roof
Durability - comparability of labor and financial costs for the installation of a roofing carpet with its service life
Architectural Compliance general view building

As additional requirement a small dead weight can act, which reduces the cost of constructing load-bearing structures - both the roof itself and the building as a whole.

Based on this, the owner of the house and the designer determine which roofing material is better to use in a particular case.

If earlier the choice was limited to a very small number of available: tiles, slate, wood and sheet metal, as well as roofing material that was connected a little later, now the range of roofing materials on the market is much wider.

If we analyze the groups of materials in which novelties have appeared in recent years, the picture will look like this:

bituminous materials - a large number of products united by the general term self-adhesive roofing material - rolled, which does not require preliminary application of mastic, containing polymer additives in the impregnation, as well as self-leveling roofs applied directly to the base by spraying or painting, bituminous tiles (shingglass) and polymer membranes
mineral materials - artificial ceramics (porcelain stoneware, etc.)
– euro tiles, various profiled sheets with synthetic coatings
polymeric materials - absolutely new class, including euroslate, composite tiles, polycarbonate and plexiglass

With all the innovations and positive properties promising products, the rating of roofing materials is approximately as follows (market share is given according to expert estimates):

Material class	Material	Market share	Share in pitched roofs
Roll roofs	Bituminous materials	38,5	—
Roofs from sheet materials	Galvanized metal (including corrugated board)	10,3	16,8
	metal tile	3,4	5,6
	Asbestos cement sheets	44,4	72,2
	Euroslate and materials of the same class	2,8	4,5
Roofs from piece materials	bituminous tiles	0,1	0,8
Roofs from piece materials	Ceramic tiles	0,1	0,2

Source: ABARUS Market Research calculations

From the above data, we can conclude that slate remains the absolute leader in sales, and it also occupies a dominant position in the pitched roof market.

The second position is occupied by rolled materials, which, as can be seen from the table (complete absence in the segment pitched roofs), are the absolute leader in the flat roof market.

At the same time, in technological terms, the difference between slate and bitumen products is radical: if asbestos-cement sheet has been sold for decades almost unchanged, then in the rolled sector, outdated roofing material and glass isol are actively replacing roofing materials with new ones.

Instead of obsolete impregnation from pure bitumen, composite mixtures are used, and instead of a cardboard base, synthetic canvases are used.

As a substrate for modern roll materials use:

fiberglass
fiberglass
polyester and its derivatives

As an impregnation, atactic polypropylene (APP) and styrene-butadiene styrene (SBS), as well as their derivatives, are used, mixed with bitumen. In obsolete materials, oxidized bitumen is also used, which. Although it surpasses ordinary bitumen in its properties, it is significantly inferior to materials based on polymer and elastomeric compositions.

ADVICE! Roll coatings are now available in various combinations of bases and impregnations, such as, for example, roofing materials offered by Unikma. Before choosing a specific brand, you should evaluate the operating conditions in which the roof will work, familiarize yourself with the properties of each material - and on this basis, choose what you need.

Almost any of the rolled materials is produced in at least two modifications: the roof is laid in two layers, respectively, the lower layer does not need a protective coating against ultraviolet radiation and mechanical stress.

This, as a rule, is made from mineral sprinkles of different colors (correspondingly coloring the roof) and fraction sizes. back side any layer is covered with powdered dressing or plastic wrap.

And at the substrate layer, thus, the front side is also covered. Universal modifications are also produced (for example, Uniflex roofing material contains an indication of this in its own name) - they can be used not only for laying roofs, but also for hydro-vapor barrier of various structures.

Some manufacturers produce the same material under different indices - separately for roofing, separately - for other tasks.

ADVICE! It is not necessary to make both layers of the roofing carpet from the same brand of material. On the contrary, some manufacturers recommend combining different modifications, and even - different materials. This may be due to financial considerations, or specific operating conditions roofs.

All modern roll materials are built-up, that is, instead of the traditional mastic applied to the base of the roof, their own reverse side coating is used.

At the place of work, it is melted with gas or kerosene burners, and when laid, it penetrates deep into the underlying layer, creating a durable homogeneous carpet.

The same method allows you to qualitatively repair old roofs made of rolled materials, while the new coating is applied in just one layer.

Due to its high flexibility, a reliable coating is also provided for such traditionally weaknesses rolled roofing, as adjunctions and vertical sections.

Strange as it may seem for a non-professional, but there are budget and elite solutions on the roll market. For example, the roofing material Linocrom belongs to the first class.

This is a bitumen-polymer product, but with modest performance characteristics. However, in any case, its quality is higher than that of any of the pure bituminous materials, especially if a fiberglass-based modification of Linocrom is used.

Important information! All welded materials of the new generation are produced on the basis of synthetic cloths. This provides them, first of all, with biological stability and prevents decay. Together with increased elasticity (and therefore the absence of cracks and breaks), this makes them much more economically advantageous compared to cardboard-based materials, even at the extremely low price of the latter.

In general, despite all the latest advances, roll materials still occupy the last place in terms of service life among all types of roof coverings.

Nevertheless, if earlier the same roofing material had to be changed at least once every ten years, now, for example, for the same Isoplast roofing material, manufacturers claim a service life of 15, or even 25 years.

In any case, there is no reasonable alternative yet for flat and low-pitched roofs - so homeowners need to choose from what is available.

New ceramics

Classical tiles are always in price, their durability and solid appearance continue to inspire respect. However, we should not forget about the disadvantages - first of all, this is low manufacturability in the production of laying, and an extremely high load on the supporting structures.

Progress has reached this type of coating, one of the oldest on the market. New ceramic roofing materials have appeared, produced using porcelain stoneware technology, and imitating classic tiles.

One of these types of coatings is ardogress.

This material imitates natural slate, has a thickness of less than a centimeter, and greatly facilitates the roofing.

In terms of “life expectancy”, it is comparable to ceramic tiles, does not fade, and is more technologically advanced during installation - one or two holes for self-tapping screws are left in it during production.

At the same time, the appearance finished roof almost indistinguishable from natural slate, despite the fact that the product is much cheaper.

Important information! Metal, and especially mineral coatings (like the same ceramics or its derivatives) compare favorably with other classes in that they are non-combustible roofing materials. They have an increased fire resistance, and it is almost impossible for fire to penetrate through such a roof from the outside.

Polymers are the roofs of the future

Increasingly popular in the market are various synthetic materials. Judging by their potential in terms of performance and manufacturability, it is only a matter of time for them to take the first positions in the roofing segment.

More than others on hearing now:

Euroslate - a material made of mineral or fiberglass impregnated with bitumen or polymers (one of its varieties is ondulin)

Composite tiles - a material similar in composition to euroslate, but which is a strip that imitates a row of several interlocked tiles
Polycarbonate - a polymer with a cellular structure, high light transmission and excellent sound and heat insulating properties

The attractiveness of these materials for households is obvious: they are light, and therefore do not require powerful supporting structures. And the same polycarbonate in some cases (for example, in rounded roofs) can even act as a self-supporting structure.

The durability of polymers is at least as good as most metal and mineral coatings. Plastics are durable metal coatings.

They are very technologically advanced - during installation they are easy to fit into any shape of the roof, installation (subject to regulatory requirements) can be driven even by a beginner, and repairs are not difficult.

At the same time, laying is carried out in the usual ways for all sheet materials - along a wooden crate, with an overlap of horizontal and vertical rows.

The cost of installing such roofs, according to a combination of factors (delivery, installation, subsequent maintenance), is in the lower price range. Aesthetic properties, as a rule, are beyond praise.

new metal

A relative novelty in the market of metal coatings can be considered a metal tile - it has been produced for only a few decades.

Also, not so long ago, various profiled sheets began to be produced with a protective coating of polymers. This increased their service life and made metal roof more aesthetically pleasing.

By by and large, we can say that nothing fundamentally new has appeared in this segment, with the exception of the above, as well as the fact that a large number of shaped parts are produced for metal tiles.

This greatly simplifies the installation process, and increases the service life. After all, now adjunctions and other areas can be covered with factory-made products, and not made by hand directly at the construction site.

In the rest, the installation is carried out according to the proven crate system, and other qualities of the materials remain the same.

What's under the roof?

But the biggest changes in recent years have taken place in supporting materials. After all, even the best coverage needs reliable helpers.

Their role is performed by roofing materials - films for various purposes, and heaters, as a rule - sheet (slab) or soft (roll or slab).

All existing materials perform the following functions:

vapor barrier
thermal insulation
Waterproofing

Moreover, vapor barrier (protection of external structures from moisture coming from inside the building) began to be actively used not so long ago. Insulating materials are represented by films - which completely block any air exchange on both sides of themselves, and membranes - which ensure the passage of moisture in one direction.

In the context of the use of modern thermal insulation materials, especially from mineral and fiberglass, ensuring normal air exchange and removal of moisture from the under-roof space is a very important task.

Engineers also understand this, so the materials used under the roof are endowed with all the necessary properties.

In recent decades, the roofing materials market has been developing by leaps and bounds.

And along with traditional solutions, a lot of fundamentally new materials have appeared, possessing previously unthinkable properties. Everyone is free to choose what is closer to him - technologies that have been worked out for centuries, or revolutionary products.

But the fact that modern housing construction is changing its habitual appearance right before our eyes is pointless to dispute, and the future is for novelties.

The roof of the cottage not only protects the house from the vagaries of the weather, but also completes the architectural appearance of the building. Reliable roof will ensure the durability of the house and keep it warm. Roofing material for the roof should be light, moisture-proof and not support combustion. Ease of installation will speed up the turnaround time.

What roofing materials to buy for your home - beautiful, cheap or durable? It is desirable that the material combines all these qualities. An overview of modern roofing materials will help you make the right choice.

Roofing materials differ in the material from which they are made, configuration and size.

organic

The main organic materials are bituminous and polymeric. Straw and shingles also belong to this group, but in Russia such coatings are not used. Bituminous materials are destroyed and quickly age under the influence of UV rays. Supports combustion well. Service life from 5 to 25 years.

mineral

Minerals include:

rock slate tiles;
ceramic tiles;
cement-sand tiles;
asbestos cement sheets - slate. It is made from short-fiber asbestos and Portland cement. The basis is cement, asbestos fibers serve as a filler and help create a reinforcing mesh, which increases the strength of the material and resistance to mechanical damage.

Mineral materials have a longer service life than organic materials. Not subject to decay. Don't get angry. Destroyed during the defrosting-thawing cycle. Slate and ceramic tiles are especially sensitive to temperature differences. These materials absorb moisture. When frozen, water particles crystallize and eventually destroy the structure of the material.

metal

Sheet materials made of copper, zinc, galvanized steel. Service life of galvanized steel is from 30 to 50 years. Zinc and copper roofing practically not subject to destruction, but have a very high cost.

Not every owner is interested in what roofing materials are made of. They mainly pay attention to the appearance of the material and its technical characteristics.

Classification of roofing materials by appearance and size

Sheet materials

metal tile, ondulin, slate, smooth or profiled metal sheets;
bituminous fibrous sheets are sheets of synthetic fiber impregnated with bitumen;
asbestos-cement sheets - slate;
polyvinyl chloride sheets - colored polymer slate. Also often called euroslate.

Soft roofing materials

Soft roofing materials include not only materials for top coat roofs, but also waterproofing materials such as roofing material on a cardboard basis - Metalloizol, Folgoizol.

Roll roofing materials made of bituminous and polymeric components on a non-woven basis - polyester or fiberglass - are Steklobit, Gidrostekloizol.
Bituminous - polymer coatings based on fiberglass - Isoflex, TechnoNIKOL.
Single layer materials based on rubber.

Piece materials of small sizes

Such materials include elements that do not exceed 1 m² in size. This is a tile soft tiles, slate, natural slate.

Suitable for roofs with a large slope.

Mastics

Bitumen and polymer mastics are applied to roofs of any design. After hardening form a strong film. They are used both for new coatings and for repairing an old roof without dismantling it.

Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the most popular roofing materials.

A complete list of all the names and types of roofing materials will take up a lot of space, so consider the most popular materials.

Asbestos-cement slabs

Asbestos-cement slabs are presented in the form of slate familiar to everyone. Slate has a long service life under the right operating conditions. The material is relatively brittle. It can crack during installation or subsequent repair of the roof. Compared to other types of roofing materials, the price of slate is the lowest.

Slate has various modifications, which differ in the quality of the profile. The profile is normal, reinforced and unified. The profile type is indicated in the slate marking.

VO - wavy slate of an ordinary profile. Rectangular sheets have a size of 1200x800x5.5 mm. Weight 9 kg. It is used to cover the ridge, valleys and protect parts protruding above the roof - pipes and dormer windows.
VU - wavy slate reinforced profile. Size 1750x800 -6 mm and 2000x800x8 mm. Such slate is used to cover the entire roof. Mounted on a metal or wooden crate.
UV - wavy slate of a unified profile. It has an average size between VO and VU.

Slate sheets are overlapped in the direction from the eaves to the ridge. The top sheet should overlap the bottom sheet by 2mm. For fastening, nails and screws are used, using sealing gaskets that prevent the penetration of moisture.

Advantages of slate:

low cost;
does not support combustion.

Disadvantages:

the need for a slope device of at least 15º;
instability to atmospheric influences;
fragility.

To extend the service life and give a beautiful appearance, slate is painted silicate paints using pigments.

natural tile

The roof covered with natural tiles looks rich.

The disadvantage is the heavy weight and high cost of the material. The use of natural tiles as a roofing material should be planned in advance. Need to strengthen bearing capacity roof structures. This requires additional costs. The material is fragile, often becomes unusable already during installation. Most often used for commercial buildings.

slate tiles

Slate tiles are made from natural stone with a layered structure. Fastened to a wooden crate with special nails.

Advantages:

due to the small size of the tiles, it is convenient for covering roofs of complex construction;
easy to cut and process;
at the expense high density has a low level of water absorption;
not affected by temperature changes, does not change color over time;
surpasses all roofing materials in durability;
roofing made of slate tiles combines high strength with flexibility and resilience.

Disadvantages:

the large weight of the tile requires strengthening the roof structure;
color uniformity;
high price.

metal tile

The appearance of the metal tile, which has the name composite roof tiles reminiscent of natural tiles. The material is lightweight compared to natural tiles and is easy to install.

It is a sheet of galvanized steel coated polymer coated. Sheet thickness from 0.4 to 0.6 mm.

Advantages:

light weight;
ease of installation:
color variety;
relatively low cost;
durability;
the smooth surface prevents snow from trapping on the roof.

Disadvantages - requires additional sound insulation.

Online store of roofing materials - metal tiles at a pasture price.

Decking

- these are sheets of galvanized steel with a polymer coating with dimensions of 1050-1200 x 1000-1100 mm. It has different height profile from 8 to 35 mm. In addition to galvanized steel, corrugated board is made of ferrous metal (steel) or non-ferrous (copper, aluminum).

When choosing corrugated board, pay attention to the type of coating. The zinc covering protects metal from destruction. The polymer coating creates a colored protective film. good qualities has a polyester coating.

Advantages:

ease of installation;
light weight;
durability;
zero water absorption;
big choice colors;
fire resistance.

Disadvantages:

low sound insulation;
possibility of condensation.

Ondulin, euroslate

Bituminous fiber sheets are synthetic or natural fiber sheets impregnated with bitumen. In appearance and shape, ondulin resembles slate. The cost exceeds the usual slate, but the price of ondulin is justified by a number of advantages:

light weight;
due to elasticity withstands snow load up to 300 kg m²;
easy to cut and does not break during installation;
has high sound-absorbing properties.

Ruberoid

Refers to soft bituminous roofing materials. For styling, special mastics are used. The slope of the roof doesn't matter. Service life - from 5 to 7 years.

Disadvantages:

low frost resistance;
sensitivity to temperature extremes and UV rays;
requires frequent replacement or constant repair.

Advantages.

The only advantage of roofing material is low price. If consider short term services of such a coating and calculate the cost of current repairs of the roof, then over 10 years of operation, the cost of such a roof will eventually increase several times.

Metalloizol and folgoizol are superior to roofing material in terms of durability due to the presence of a foil layer with the material. Roofing felt is mainly used to cover garages and outbuildings.

Bituminous roofing

According to the method of installation, bitumen and bitumen-polymer roll coatings are built-up roofing materials. Used to cover flat roofs, or those with a slope of not more than 25 °.

1. The most famous are Rubemast, Steklobit, Rubestek.

The panels are laid by fusing on a concrete or metal base in several layers.
Materials are not subject to rotting, resistant to atmospheric phenomena, have high mechanical strength.

2. Has good performance roll material Dneproflex based on fiberglass with an elastic coating.

Depending on the modification, they are used for the upper and lower layers of the roof. Requires 2 coats. Durable - service life up to 25 years.

3. Based on polyester fabrics or fiberglass, they produce bitumen-polymer materials Isoflex, TechnoNIKOL, Icopal. From above the material is covered with coarse-grained dressing. The lower part is protected by a polyethylene film. Advantages:

water resistance;
flexibility;
high strength and beautiful view due to stone scaly dressing;
Due to the high resistance to atmospheric influences, they can be used in regions with any climate.

The comparison table will help you in choosing the right roofing material.

slate - 15-60°:
ceramic tiles 30-60º
ondulin, euroslate — from 5°
roofing material 4-30°
asbestos cement 27-50°
steel 16-30°

To cover the roof today there is a huge range of materials that meet any user needs: reliability, aesthetics, cost, durability. But before you start roofing work, you should decide what materials are, what better fit for individual building. The specific choice depends on the characteristics, properties, advantages and disadvantages of each piece or sheet product.

Modern types of roofing materials are diverse and are divided into several main types:

leafy;
piece;
bulk / mastic;
folded;
soft.

Each group combines varieties of products with similar characteristics and features.

Sheet roofing materials: types and features

Metal tile: profitable, practical, reasonable

One of the most popular sheet products is metal roofing. Modern materials of this group are made from steel sheets of various thicknesses, the surface is covered with a protective layer of lacquer properties, which guarantees resistance to mechanical damage and resistance to corrosion. Of interest is the variety of materials made from different materials:

Galvanized steel sheets 0.45-0.6 mm thick.

Advice! If you plan to cover a roof in an area with an increased threat of precipitation or winds, you should choose an aluzinc coating as the most durable and effectively resisting accidental impacts from pebbles, cones, branches and other debris. The cost of sheets will be higher, but the strength is much greater

Aluminum metal tile- material that will never rust. Being underweight is an added advantage, and being lean color palette and high price- minuses.
Copper sheet metal tile- a spectacular coating with a magnificent appearance. The only drawback is the high price.

The material is classified according to the geometric type of the profile, the depth of the insole of the sheets, which sometimes creates incredible aesthetic outlines. Pros:

ease;
aesthetics;
ease of installation;
high level of resistance to aggressive environment;
ease of transportation;
price affordability;
a huge variety of textures, colors.

a large percentage of waste, which reduces efficiency;
high noise threshold: the roof will transmit the sounds of rain, wind and other natural phenomena.

Advice! Care should be taken with products supplied by various manufacturers: different brands offer popular types of profiles (Monterrey, Cascade) with some visual differences - this can be important to create a unified roofing picture

It is obvious that modern sheet roofing of this type has high strength characteristics, the service life reaches 50 years, the average price level is $ 20-250 per m2.

Sheet corrugated board: profitable and practical

In the manufacture of corrugated sheet, the same raw materials are taken as for metal tiles, however, there are differences in steel - cold-rolled material is covered with a layer of hot zinc / alu-zinc, which increases the thickness of a wavy, trapezoidal or rectangular profile. The extensive scope is due to a wide range of products, the most famous brands: H60, C8, C44, C21, H57, HC35.

Fact! For coatings, manufacturers offer both universal products and sheets with imitation of stone, wood: a pattern is applied over the steel sheet, covered with polymer layers, which increases resistance to mechanical damage and chips

Advantages:

durability;
strength;
ease of transportation, installation;
resistance to mechanical stress, weather conditions;
long storage period original form, forms;
light weight.

There is only one minus - low sound insulation. The price of the material starts from $ 10/m2.

Ondulin: good, but flammable

Naturalness and inexpensive price sheet material ensured the wide popularity of ondulin. Produced from several layers of cellulose fibers impregnated with additives, the piece product is covered with protective layers of paint, which extends the service life.

Sheet dimensions: weight 6.5 kg, length 2 m, width 0.96 m, wave height 36 mm. There are non-standard formats: 0.76x1.95 m. Price level from $ 50 / piece. Pros:

high flexibility, which allows the use of roofing materials for roofs of various shapes;
high water resistance;
environmental friendliness, hygiene;
resistance to aggressive chemicals;
high load tolerance lightweight sheets;
ease of transportation, installation, processing;
profitability;
complete silence;
affordable price.

Coverage cons:

fade;
extremely low level of flammability;
low lighting provokes the development of fungus, moss;
under the influence of heating, a sharp smell of bitumen is released, the sheets soften.

Important! New roofing materials successfully cope with the fire hazard, however, this fact should be clarified with the manufacturer and certification confirmation should be required.

Slate: good, but with asbestos

Slate is the most affordable roof covering. Consisting of Portland cement (85%) and asbestos (15%), the product has the following dimensions: weight 10-15 kg, length 1.75 m, width 0.98-1.13 m, number of waves 6-8. Most often, these roofing materials are used in buildings for economic, general purposes. But you can also cover a residential building, especially with a limited budget, there are sheets of various colors, which looks quite attractive, but the price of the material will be slightly higher. Standard sheets cost from $ 3 / piece, the service life is 30-40 years.

high bending strength, impact;
extremely high fire resistance.

The disadvantages include the following properties:

fragility;
hygroscopicity.

seam roof

The varieties of this type of product are wide enough to meet all the requirements of customers. Blanks are created using a special technology that forms a special type of connection of parts. Seams are single, standing, double, lying. After installation, a continuous coating is obtained with a base of metal sheets, firmly and securely fastened together.

Advantages:

wide color spectrum;
incombustibility and resistance to low temperatures;
durability;
reliability;
strength;
aesthetics;
high flexibility, due to which roofs of complex construction are finished;
the lightness of the sheets.

The disadvantages include the following properties:

poor tolerance for shock;
mandatory insulation;
the need for assistance with installation;
high noise threshold;
sheets accumulate static electricity.

As for the price, it largely depends on the manufacturer and colors and starts at $5 per sheet. Service life up to 30 years. Today, roofing materials are offered modern seamed copper with a thickness of 0.3 mm, a width of 0.7 m, weighing 5-10 kg or aluminum with a weight of 2-5 kg.

Advice! If you want to cover the roof with copper or aluminum seam products, you should find craftsmen in advance: the service market is limited, and self-assembly extremely difficult

Soft roof: practical and convenient

In the case of installation for buildings on difficult soils, you should look at modern roofing materials of low weight. These include soft roofing. There are types of coating, distinguished by the type of raw material:

mastic;
membrane made of polymeric material;
soft bituminous tiles;
roll covers.

Product benefits include the following:

high resistance to aggressive environmental influences;
strength;
ease of transportation, processing, installation;
low noise threshold;
fire safety;
water resistance;
high thermal insulation and antifungal characteristics;
elasticity.

The disadvantage is a short service life - up to 15 years. When choosing types of mastic-based roofing materials, you should pay attention to the percentage of dry residue, the level of adhesion and the time for complete curing. Price from $ 15/m2. It should be remembered that there is a soft tile, which can be not only a roof covering, but also as a protection for adjacent vertical walls.

New types of roofing materials are not often popular, but they should not be underestimated. These include membrane, roll coating, rizolin.

Membrane products 0.8-2 mm thick is made of PVC, EDPM (rubber), TPO (thermoplastic olefins). Service life up to 30 years, products except for those made of polymers (PVC) are considered environmentally friendly. The service life is not less than 50 years, the price is from $ 50\m2. Advantages: large width and the ability to work with any weather conditions. Cons: careful preparation of the roof, exposure to chemical attack.
Soft roll roof- this is roofing material and all derivatives. Due to bilateral processing, impregnation and application of a protective layer in the form of bulk material, the products are considered to be strong enough, but short-lived - a service life of up to 5 years. But the price is extremely affordable: from $ 5 per sheet.

Advice! If you need types of rolled roofing, but more durable, you should choose from new products made with the addition of fiberglass or polyester fabric. Their service life reaches 30 years, the price is slightly higher, the quality and practical indicators are also high.

Rizolin is a coating with a flexible and soft structure of a self-adhesive type with a reinforced layer filled with bitumen-polymer substances and plasticizers. The presence of a foil layer allows you to paint sheets in any shade. There are types of roofing materials with the following indicators:
- A - double-sided self-adhesive surface;
- P - one-sided self-adhesive with a polymer on the other side;
- Ф - aluminum foil base and standard adhesive surface.

Despite the high practical performance of rizolin, the material is inexpensive, from $ 20/m2. It should be noted not only strength, non-susceptibility to aggressive influences, flexibility and ease of processing, installation of products, but also versatility: there are products with a copper base on sale, which extends the service life.

One of the most important aspects of building a house is the construction of a roof. Its reliability, durability and functionality largely depend on the roofing.

Therefore, the choice of roofing material must be taken seriously.

In this case, several important points should be taken into account:

It includes:

own weight roofing cake: truss system, roofing material, insulation, etc.;
the weight of the probable snow cover (calculated taking into account the characteristics of a particular region);
wind load specific to the area.

architectural solution

Based on the project, you can determine the configuration of the future roof.

Based on its parameters, design features, shape, the design of the entire system and the type of coating are selected.

Duration of operation, fire resistance

In connection with the conditions of use of the roof, a specific service life and fire resistance are selected. For example, when constructing the roof of a small barn, it is absolutely not worth spending a significant amount on the purchase of the latest generation of technological materials.

Each of the roofing materials has a certain warranty period.

For metal tiles, it ranges from 5 to 15 years (with some types of polymer coating, the period does not apply to changes in color, gloss, etc.)
In the case of soft tiles, the service life is 15-20 years, while the guarantee refers only to the absence of defects and the tightness of the roof, not touching the color.
Natural tiles should last from 20 to 30 years. The manufacturer additionally guarantees frost resistance, but exposure to acids, vapors and damage resulting from improper transportation is not covered by the warranty.
The service life of the slate is up to 10 years.
When choosing bituminous corrugated sheets, the period will be 15 years (refers to tightness and does not apply to color).
Profiled sheets should serve from 15 to 20 years - depending on the presence of the coating. The specified period does not apply to mechanical damage that occurred during transportation or installation.

The actual service life can many times exceed the specified indicators.

For example, a roof made of soft tiles and metal tiles does not need to be repaired for 30 to 50 years, from natural tiles - from 100 to 150 years, based on slate - up to 40 years, corrugated board - up to 50 years, etc.

The optimum ratio of price and quality

Today, the construction market offers a huge selection of roofing materials of different quality and price range.

The financial side is of no small importance - especially considering that the installation of the roof is the final stage of construction, when the budget is already running out. Still save on roofing not worth it. But it is also not necessary to overestimate the possibilities of the latest super-expensive materials. It is better to consult with experts in advance and stop at the golden mean by choosing a good product at the right price.

The main types of roofing materials

The main qualities that you should focus on when buying should be:

strength;
weather resistance;
durability;
thermal conductivity;
resistance to corrosion;
non-toxicity;
environmental friendliness.

Ceramic tiles

Its basis is clay mass. After passing through the stages of formation and further firing at a temperature of about 1000 degrees, it acquires a reddish-brown color. Some samples are covered with glazed protective film. It is applied before the firing procedure. The function of the film is the optimal removal of deposits.

AT ready-made tiles are small tiles size 30x30 cm (weight - about 2 kg).

Depending on the method of manufacture and location on the roof, there are several varieties of ceramic tiles:

flat strip tiles;
ordinary ceramic;
groove stamped;
groove tape;
single wave;
two-wave, etc.

The ceramic version of the tile is suitable for a slope angle of 25 to 60 degrees.

If the angle is less than 22 degrees, take additional measures to improve ventilation and waterproofing.
In the range from 22 to 60 degrees, standard material fastening is carried out.
If the angle is greater than 60 degrees, additional mount nails or screws.

The tiles are fastened to each other using a special system of locks, and to the crate - using special holes. Using this method, the upper row of tiles lies on the lower one, as a result, a continuous roofing carpet is created, which excludes the possibility of leakage.

Ceramic tiles can last up to 150 years without repair.

Its use is expedient in stone, brick, wooden buildings with any number of floors.

The main advantages of ceramic tiles are:

minimum costs during operation;
excellent sound insulation;
fire safety;
frost resistance;
the material is not subject to corrosion;
allows you to create a "breathing" roof: the moisture accumulating in the under-roof space evaporates as a result of the presence of micropores in the structure of the tile;
aesthetic appeal of the roof (achieved through a wide range of colors and shapes).

Among the disadvantages of ceramic tiles, it should be noted:

significant weight, due to which there is a need to reduce the rafter pitch or increase the cross section of the rafter logs;
insufficient strength;
in the case of installation on roofs of complicated structures, it leads to the need for technological difficulties: the installation of a reinforced crate, additional waterproofing and a greater consumption of fasteners.

The price of the material is from 20 to 50 US dollars per square meter.

Bituminous (soft) tile

basis shingles is fiberglass, cellulose, polyester. They are applied to bitumen tiles, after which they are coated with a special substance to give a certain color.

A layer of bitumen-rubber coating makes the material quite durable and reliable, moreover, under the influence sun rays glues the roofing carpet and gives it integrity.

The tiles are small in size. The length of the sheet is 1 meter, the width is from 30 cm, the weight is within 8-12 kg (1 sq.m.).

Release form: rectangular or rounded.

There is a wide range of colors on the market.

The high plasticity of the material allows it to be used on roofs of any, even the most complex configuration: tiles easily follow all bends, corners, and adhere tightly to any curved surfaces.

Bituminous shingles can be used on roofs with a slope angle of more than 12 degrees. The maximum angle value is not limited.

When installing soft tiles, an indispensable condition is the installation of a lining layer (carpet), which is laid on the surface of a continuous crate based on OSB or waterproof plywood.

The carpet is made from waterproofing material. It must be rolled out over the entire roofing area.

The use of flexible tiles is advisable when constructing the roofs of private houses, cottages, public buildings, gazebos and garages.

It is an excellent choice for refurbishing old roofs based on bituminous materials or roofing iron. Wherein new carpet is created directly above the suitably prepared old one.

If a roof is being repaired bituminous coating, it acts as a lining carpet.

Advantages of shingles:

versatility - the material can be used for roofing with almost any angle of inclination;
stability during transportation and installation;
the possibility of inexpensive and quick subsequent repair of the roof;
resistance to corrosion, mold and rot;
high sound insulation;
small amount of waste.

To disadvantages this material relate:

high level of flammability (G3);
instability to the effects of ultraviolet radiation;
seasonality of installation (work cannot be carried out during the cold season);
shingles do not belong to the elite class.

The average price is 8-10 dollars per 1 sq. m. m.