Onion sets did not come up. Why don't onions grow in the garden? For the southern regions

Garden on the windowsill 20.03.2014

Dear readers, my readers, today we continue with you the spring theme of how you can grow greens on your windowsill. Let me remind everyone that the heading “Growing greens on the windowsill” is led by Alena Fedorenchik. She will help all of us with advice if something is not clear. Alena maintains her website At the family table This project is dedicated to the topic of family meals and how they can be used to strengthen family relationships, primarily the attachment of children to their parents.

AT last time we discussed in detail how you can sprout watercress on your windowsill. If you missed the material, you can read it. everything is very detailed, step by step, simple and accessible to each of us.

Let me also remind you not to forget to start taking pictures. In the near future, I plan to hold a contest on the blog "Growing greens on the windowsill." All conditions will be very simple, and the prizes will be cash. Don't miss the competition!

So, back to the topic of our article. How to grow onions on a windowsill? I pass the floor to Alena.

How to grow onions on a windowsill? Growing onions on a feather.

Good afternoon to all readers of Irina's blog! We continue our story about sprouting greens at home, and today we'll talk about sprouting onions at home on our windowsill.

Pro beneficial features bow you can read in the article on Irina's blog. It is so exhaustive that I have nothing to add to it. As for sprouting onions at home, doing it is as simple (and maybe even easier) as sprouting watercress, only the wait is a little longer.

I will talk about how to sprout onions on a bulb feather, because it is much more easy option than germination from seeds, and the result is much faster.

There are two ways to distill feathers from bulbs - simply in water and in soil. It is better to grow onion sets in the soil, and ordinary bulbs that are used for food are more suitable for sprouting in water (but they can also be grown in soil).

Growing onions in water.

So, let's talk first about how to expel green onions in water.

To do this, choose medium-sized bulbs. It is better if they already have small seedlings - for example, you can specifically look for these when buying onions in the store, if the bulbs are just in a common box. If there are no sprouts, it doesn’t matter: I myself grew my first onion also from unsprouted ones, it still sprouts quickly in water.

After selecting the bulbs, wash them (preferably under warm water) and remove upper layer husks, which easily falls behind. Then cut off the tops (if the onion has not yet begun to sprout), by about 1-1.5 cm. And place the onion bottom down in a container of water. It can be an ordinary food container - here is an example of mine: see, I even took fewer onions than I could fit in it (just tried it, how it goes - it turned out good :)).

But it’s better to take such a container, where the bulbs will be located more closely to each other so that they support each other in vertical position: it's just that later, when there are a lot of feathers on the bow, the bulbs will start to fall on their side, and this, frankly, is not very convenient - you need a lot of space around so that the feathers do not break.

Pour the bulbs in the container with warm water to the level of the lower quarter or third and put on the windowsill. Bow loves sunlight, but does not like heat very much, so put it away from the batteries if they are still working for you. In fact, this is where the planting of the bulbs ends. You just have to add water (preferably settled tap water) as its level in the container decreases and wait for the harvest.

Another option for sprouting onions in water can be small cups or jars, for example, from baby food. In this case, the bulb is prepared as described above, and then simply placed in the hole of the jar (if the hole is too large and the bulb falls through, you can put a cardboard circle on top with a hole cut in the middle). Pour the settled water into the jar so that the bulb reaches the surface of the water with its bottom. Well, then, too, just put it on the windowsill and add water as needed. Here I show how it looks externally:

The bulb here is not cut off on top, because I will not plant it - I just took it as an example of what I'm talking about.

Planting bulbs in the ground.

To plant bulbs in the ground, we need:

— flower pot or a box, ceramic or plastic, always with holes in the bottom for water drainage

- drainage

- soil (it is desirable that it contains vermicompost)

- the bulbs themselves. plant in the soil better onion sets, but ordinary bulbs can also be used, as for food.

Again, if you are using ordinary bulbs, it is better to choose those that have already begun to hatch on their own. If you don’t have these, you can help the onion “wake up”: after you have washed the bulbs, peeled off the top husk and cut off the top (example 1-1.5 cm), put the bulbs in warm water for a day and put in a dark place, you can to the battery, if you still have heat. After that, the onion can be planted. The planting method is the same for both sets and ordinary onions:

- pour drainage 2-3 cm at the bottom of the pot

- then a layer of soil, not reaching the top of the pot 3-4 cm; we will pour the soil with settled water, preferably warm

- put the bulbs bottom down tightly to each other

- we fall asleep from above with soil so that the tops peek out of the ground

- you can pour a little more on top

- and put on the windowsill, where there is more light and less heat (the optimum temperature for onions is 12-18 ° C).

Next, do not forget to water the onions regularly and wait for the harvest. Which, by the way, you will receive within 2-3 weeks after planting the bulbs. Just remember that it is desirable to cut off the feathers in a circle, without touching the central ones, so that the feathers continue to grow.

What else is useful to know: the life of the bulb is about 2 months. So, depending on the amount of crop you want, you can plant new bulbs at regular intervals from one week to 1-1.5 months to continuously get greens from them.

That's all. I wish you all a good harvest!

I thank Alena for another very detailed master class. Who will have questions and clarifications, ask everything in the comments on the blog after the article.

My heartfelt gift for today EVGENY KISSIN CHOPIN Waltz Op.64 n.2 One of Chopin's famous waltzes performed by Yevgeny Kissin. The charm of magic, subtle, deep, penetrating.

I wish you all the best spring mood. More joy in life. And good harvests for all of us.

50 comments

24 Mar 2015 at 22:25

Tatiana Saxon
31 Mar 2014 at 15:58

Elena
27 Mar 2014 at 12:25

Ollie
25 Mar 2014 at 9:37

Shamratova Elena
24 Mar 2014 at 13:30

Elena
24 Mar 2014 at 10:02

Natalia
24 Mar 2014 at 6:46

Irina Zhigalova
23 Mar 2014 at 16:19

Irina
23 Mar 2014 at 14:13

Galina
23 Mar 2014 at 12:28

Galina
23 Mar 2014 at 10:07

Galina
22 Mar 2014 at 21:38

Olya
22 Mar 2014 at 18:23

Olga Zhurbenko
22 Mar 2014 at 12:21

Sergey
22 Mar 2014 at 12:10

Anatoly
22 Mar 2014 at 9:29

Let's continue the conversation about growing onions and in this article I want to tell you about growing onions from seed.

There are three ways growing onions from seed:

the first - we grow onion sets, and already from it on next year- turnip onion;
the second - in one year we get onions directly from the seeds, planting them either very early in the spring or as seedlings;
the third is winter sowing.

But first of all, before we start sowing seeds, let's decide what varieties we will plant.

Both the method of cultivation and the timing of planting largely depend on this. Now in Russia there are more than 60 varieties onion, which can be divided into two groups: varieties of northern origin and varieties of southern origin.

In order to form a full-fledged bulb, northern varieties need a 16-17-hour longitude of the day, while southern varieties need 13-14 hours.

Therefore, if we plant northern varieties in the south, then we may not get bulbs. Southern varieties require more heat and have a longer growing season.

Also keep in mind that northern varieties of onions taste spicier and keep very well until the new harvest, if you follow the rules of storage.

Southern varieties have excellent taste qualities, but are stored for a much shorter time.

Majority Russian varieties bows are long day bows. These are varieties such as: Strigunovsky, Bessonovsky, Arzamassky, Myachkovsky, Danilovsky, Rostov, Odintsovets other.

From varieties of foreign selection I recommend - Stuttgarter Riesen, Globo, Densimor, hybrid F1 Bonus.
And if you want to grow lettuce onions, then you can plant such southern varieties as: Spanish-313, Karatal, Lugansk, Krasnodar G-35, Kabo.

Growing onion sets

Grown onion sets need to be stored differently depending on their size. Therefore, the first thing we will do is sort it into small ones with a diameter of up to 1.0 cm, medium - 1.5-2.5 cm and large - more than 3 cm.

Sevok is best stored in cloth bags and in a dry, well-ventilated area. For small seedlings optimal temperature storage is 0ºС, because since it is prone to drying out, at a higher temperature such an onion can completely die.

The problem of storing a small set (non-standard) can be solved by planting it before winter, because it does not shoot under any conditions and can give excellent harvest turnip onions.

Medium and large sets are well stored when room temperature(up to 18ºС). At higher or low values storage temperature, onion sets can go into the arrow after planting.

Onion turnip from seeds in one year

It is quite possible to grow onions from seeds in one year. Our resourceful summer residents have learned to do this very successfully, using two methods: firstly, this is an early spring thickened sowing of seeds; secondly, it is cultivation through seedlings.

by the most suitable varieties for such cultivation of onions are considered Myachkovsky, Strigunovsky and Odintsovets. Also good variety Russian size and Exhibition, which have very large bulbs(350 g each, and sometimes up to 500 g) of a delicate, sweet taste.

Now let's take a closer look at each method.

Early spring planting. For growing onions in this way are most suitable early varieties and onions grown in this way will not be stored for so long, so it is best to use it first.

The beds should be covered in advance plastic wrap so that the earth warms up well before planting the seeds.

On the day of planting, we remove the film from the beds, make grooves and spill them hot water. Then we lay out the seeds, sprinkle them with humus or compost, compact the soil and again cover the bed with a film.

We remove the film from the garden only when shoots appear.

Further planting care is the same as for onions, which we grow from sets. The only difference is the need for thinning the landings.

The first time the onion should be thinned when it reaches 7-10 cm. The second thinning is carried out after 3 weeks and the third - 2-3 weeks after the second.

As a result, the distance between the bulbs should be about 10 cm. With this method of growing onions, it is very important that the bulbs have time to fully ripen.

To somehow speed up this process, you can do the following:

In the second half of the growing season, loosen the bulbs so that they are half above the ground.
Slightly lift the bulbs by the feather, as if lifting them in the ground, or slightly cut the roots with a shovel.

With these actions, the admission process nutrients from leaves to bulbs is significantly accelerated and their maturation is faster.

Some summer residents crush onion leaves to speed up ripening, but this method is dangerous because pathogenic bacteria or pests can get into the neck of the bulb.

With this method of planting from seeds, it is quite possible to grow not only onion turnips, but also onion samples and onion sets. Therefore, after harvesting and drying the onion, it must be sorted into large (more than 4 cm), medium (3-4 cm) and small (up to 3 cm).

Then leave the large onions for winter storage; medium onions must be consumed first, they are also suitable for forcing green onions; we leave small bulbs (sevok) for storage for spring plantings.

Onions through seedlings. Growing onions through seedlings is, of course, troublesome, but not difficult. But there are many advantages: firstly, the onion ripens perfectly by autumn, not at all worse than planted sevkom; secondly, in this case, we get a crop twice as large as when sowing seeds immediately in open ground.

We sow seeds for seedlings at the end of February - the first half of March. We grow onion seedlings at home in boxes, seedling pots or other containers with a height of at least 10 cm.

The main condition is that the walls of the containers should not be transparent, as the light will interfere with the development of the root system.

Seeds can be sown in grooves 1 cm deep or simply densely planted over the entire area of the container.

Then we cover them with a layer of earth (1 cm) from above, slightly compact, gently pour (preferably from a spray bottle so as not to wash the seeds out of the soil) with warm water and put the container in a warm place (22-25ºС), covering with a film.

After about 10-15 days, shoots begin to appear and the film is removed. After the appearance of sprouts (loops), we expose the containers with seedlings to the brightest place, while it is desirable to maintain an air temperature of 9-12ºС for 3-5 days.

Then it is recommended to raise the temperature to 15-20ºC during the day and 10-12ºC at night. If the air temperature in the room is higher, then regular ventilation is necessary so that the seedlings do not stretch out and do not get sick with a black leg.

In addition, if the seedlings grew at elevated temperatures, then later, when planted in the ground, it does not take root well.

Water onion seedlings sparingly, do not overmoisten the soil. Before planting seedlings in the ground, we feed it twice, but if it grows strong and healthy, then you can feed it once.

We carry out the first dressing a week after the emergence of shoots, and the second - two weeks after the first.

A dressing solution can be prepared from mineral fertilizers, and from the infusion of mullein, stirring in water in a ratio of 1:6.

We feed very carefully - little by little.

At the age of about 60 days, seedlings can already be planted in the garden. By this time, it becomes strong, has a developed root system, 3-4 true leaves and a thickness at the base of 3-4 mm.

Usually, onion seedlings are planted in the garden from May 1 to May 10, depending on the weather in the region and the condition of the soil. She is not afraid of small frosts.

The best time for landing is considered to be the second half of the day, when the air temperature is already starting to drop. Before transplanting, the seedlings are thoroughly watered, then each plant is carefully removed from the ground.

If the roots are long, then they should be shortened a little, by about one third. This is done so that when planting the roots do not bend up, as this reduces the survival rate of plants.

We plant onions in rows with a distance between plants of 8-10 cm, between rows - 20-25 cm. If you plant onions large varieties, then it is better to adhere to the 30x30 cm scheme. Immediately after planting, we water the bed well.

In the future, during the first week, until the plants take root, water every day, keeping the earth moist. Then watering should be carried out as the soil dries.

Next agrotechnical measures are no different from those used in the cultivation of onions in other ways, namely: weeding, watering, loosening, feeding, cleaning.

On this, perhaps, the article will end. In it, I told you about growing onions from seeds in two ways: with a biennial crop - we grow onion sets, and from it the next year - turnip onions and an annual - in one year we get turnips directly from seeds, planting them either very early spring, or seedlings.

We will talk about the third method - - in one of the following articles.

See you soon, dear readers!

The freshness of products in the kitchen is a paramount component in the preparation of tasty and high-quality food.

A lot of people harvest vegetables with autumn period and use them until the new season.

Therefore, many housewives are puzzling over the question of what to do if sprouted or rotted and how to keep vegetables fresh for as long as possible.

Onions begin to germinate if the dormant stage of the plant passes into the growth phase. There are several reasons why this happens:

with the onset of spring are activated natural processes and the onions begin to sprout
the process can also be accelerated if the vegetables are stored in a warm room with high humidity
the neck of the onion contains moisture, and if it is too thick, then such fruits will be prone to germination

The appearance of rot is due to the fact that when high humidity and temperature changes, the bulb fogs up and becomes favorable environment for the development of bacteria.

In some cases, it is important to correctly determine the type of damage in order to eliminate all the consequences as efficiently as possible. In addition to general rot, on the bulb you can find:

Neck rot - it can be seen even at the harvesting stage, but most often the disease manifests itself 1-2 months after storage. The tops become soft, blacken and covered with mucus. Also, the presence of rot can give off a pungent odor and a cluster of fruit flies.
Donets rot - you can notice this ailment by fading foliage and white mycelium on the bottom of the fruit. Under the influence of the humidity of the environment, the bulb becomes soft and completely rots.

It is worth remembering that, regardless of the type of rot, it spreads very quickly and if the affected fruits are not removed from the container in time, you can lose the entire crop.

Light onion varieties

When choosing onions for planting, more attention should be paid to the study of varieties, while giving preference to those that have the longest shelf life. From sharp varieties you should choose:

Arzamas
Spassky
Bessonovsky
Strigunovsky

Semi-sharp varieties of onions:

Danilovsky
golden ball
Belozersky
Mechkovsky

Sweet has a high internal humidity because of which it is worse to store, so these varieties must be used up as soon as possible, otherwise they will be unsuitable for consumption.

Growing onions for storage

In order for the vegetables to lie as long as possible, you need to properly care for them and follow a few simple rules:

Cannot be deposited a large number of nitrogen fertilizers, because they significantly reduce the dormant period and as a result, the onion germinates quickly.
Potassium supplements, on the contrary, make vegetables more stable and also increase their taste characteristics.
If heavy rainfall occurs at the last stage of fruit ripening, it is necessary to protect the plant from excess moisture, otherwise the onion will become watery and prone to rotting.
You need to harvest only in warm and dry weather to avoid excessive moisture of vegetables.

If you take care of the quality of the grown onions in advance, then storing and preparing them will be much easier.

Preparing the crop for storage

Why do onions germinate during storage, what to do in such a situation? First of all, try to prevent everything undesirable consequences improper storage:

In order for the onion to be ready for long-term storage, it is dried, thereby getting rid of excess moisture. There are several ways to carry out this procedure.
With solar and warm weather dried right on the street, immediately after harvest. To do this, completely remove the roots and cut the feathers to a length of 2 centimeters. But if it is planned to store vegetables in braids, the green part is left untouched.
Then the collected onion is laid out in one layer on the ground and periodically turned over, while choosing damaged specimens. Experienced gardeners it is recommended to use a “hammock” made of shell mesh for drying, in which case the fruits can not be turned over.
After 5-7 days, the crop can be folded into a container and transferred to permanent place storage.

It is interesting! Damaged bulbs can be easily restored, for this, the top layer of the juicy scale is removed, dried thoroughly, after a certain amount of time the top layer coarsens and turns into a husk.

If it rains constantly during harvesting and it is impossible to dry the onion on the street, you can prepare it for storage at home. To do this, the vegetables are laid out in a dry room with a temperature of 20-25 degrees, for the fastest flow of the process, you can use the heater with our devices.

Onions can also be dried in the oven at a temperature of 40-60 degrees. To achieve the desired effect, do not close the oven lid and carefully monitor that the top skin does not dry out.

To fully prepare the onion for storage, additional processing is necessary:

To prevent germination, the bottom is treated with lime paste or lightly burned.
You can protect them from decay by sprinkling them with crushed chalk, while taking 20 grams of the active substance per kilogram of the crop.

Readiness can be checked by the quality of the husk, it should rustle and be quite firm.

Conditions that onions require for long-term storage

It is not enough to properly prepare vegetables for storage, it is necessary to provide them optimal conditions.

Paying attention to the following factors:

It is customary to store onions at room temperature from 18 to 24 degrees, but some types require colder conditions;
Humidity should be at the level of 50-70 percent, otherwise the vegetables will deteriorate. To protect the fruit from drying out, the remaining husks are poured onto them. If it is impossible to provide the desired level of humidity in the room, you can put buckets or boxes filled with ash, shavings or lime, they will absorb all the excess emissions.
The room must be well ventilated, this is necessary in order to avoid stagnation of moisture in the air.

It is best to store such fruits in special rooms, but in the absence of such an opportunity, cabinets, mezzanines or a pantry are quite suitable. Also, in some cases, you can use the refrigerator or balcony.

The storage method should be primarily convenient for a person, but it is also worth adhering to some recommendations:

Weaving a basket will be a great solution, because it lets air through, is made of environmentally friendly clean materials and it looks beautiful at the same time.
Wooden or plastic crates suitable for those who want to save a large amount of onions in small room because they can be stacked on top of each other without losing quality.
Quite often used as a container carton boxes with holes for ventilation.
If the vegetables are stored in the pantry, then you can use the "grandmother's way" and put them in old stockings or tights.
When using bags, their height should not exceed 30 centimeters.
The main advantage of the nets is their transparency, thanks to which you can quickly detect and remove rotten vegetables.
Onion braids can become a decoration of the kitchen.

Thanks to a huge number ways to store each person will be able to choose the appropriate one for themselves.

It is worth remembering that in no case should you use plastic bags and bags, they do not allow air to pass through them.

Features of storing various types of onions

All types of onions require individual approach, and in order to keep vegetables as long as possible, you should follow some rules.

Green onions prefer cold temperatures, so it's common to store them in the refrigerator. To increase the shelf life of the product, you can resort to little tricks:

sluggish or dry feathers are removed, and the roots are moistened with water, after which they are wrapped in a damp cloth, put in a paper envelope and tied with a rope at the level where the green part begins;
Before you put the onion in the refrigerator, you can wrap it in food paper.

Leek

It is customary to store leeks in the sand; for this, a 10-centimeter layer of filler is poured onto the bottom of the box and feathers are deepened into it by 4-5 centimeters
most easy way lies in the fact that a container with onions is placed on the balcony and insulated with a blanket or coat

The ideal temperature for taking is considered to be + 1-2 degrees.

Onion

Onions must be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area in a container that will provide sufficient air circulation.

Sevok

Onion sets are stored primarily for planting next season. In order not to lose the ability to form new bulbs, the seed should be stored at a temperature of at least 16 degrees.

Red onion

Sweet varieties are characterized by reduced keeping quality and usually retain their freshness for no longer than 4-5 months.

For more long-term storage be sure to take into account all the features of each variety.

Alternative storage methods

Onions can be stored as fresh, and cooked, using the following methods.

Drying

Onions are peeled, cut into thick rings and laid out on a special dryer or baking sheet. Vegetables are cooked for 3-4 hours at a temperature of 60 degrees.

Spin in banks

In order to pickle onions you need:

The heads are cleaned, washed thoroughly and laid out in an enamel bowl.
Then prepare a 10% brine.
Black peas are placed in a container with onions and Bay leaf and then filled with brine.
Then it is necessary to install oppression, which is usually used as a wooden circle and any weighting agent (several books, a filled jar of water, a large stone, etc.).
In this form, the onion should stand for at least a week.
Then the products are laid out in jars, hermetically sealed and stored in a cool place.

Both salted and dried, onions are very tasty and perfectly complement any cold and hot dishes.

Don't rush! As a rule, the mass departure of summer residents begins with the May Day holidays. Arriving at their site, many gardeners first of all rush to plant potatoes and onion sets. My opinion: there is no need to rush, because the earth has not yet departed from winter. Planting onion sets hastily, then we wonder for a long time why it does not rise well and the arrows are thin. To prevent this from happening, I do the following.

At the beginning of the third decade of April, I take a can of herring and pour sawdust from hardwood trees into it.

I boil a kettle of water and pour sawdust.
After 30-40 min. I drain the water, boil the water again and pour it into the sawdust again.
I drain the water again, and after cooling to room temperature, I plant the seedlings in sawdust - tightly, one onion to the other.

After that, I place the jar in a plastic bag, the ends of which I tuck under the jar, and put it on kitchen shelf. What does it give?

A week later, the bulbs give a thick bristle of fresh roots up to 1-2 cm tall. I plant these sprouted onions for the May holidays on the beds, after which they grow rapidly. Do not forget to add a spoon to the wells wood ash, mixing it with earth, humus or rotted compost.

In late May - early June, your onion garden will delight you with strong shoots. Try it, I think that the game is worth the candle.

Four years of fighting

Arriving in the spring at the dacha after the snow melts, many find plowed lawns and a vegetable garden. Moles, mice and shrews during the winter did the work they did not order. Within four years I managed to get rid of this scourge. What am I doing? I buy frozen or chilled fish with heads. After cleaning, I don’t throw away the head and offal, but put it in a plastic bag, tie it, then put it in another bag, and for two or three days - in the sun.

Then, with a scoop, I carefully remove a pile of earth turned inside out by a mole, with my fingers to the left and right I clear the mole passages. I put the head of the fish with offal in the hole and cover it tightly on top ceramic tiles or brick. Moles and mice cannot stand the disgusting smell of decomposed fish and leave the garden.

In the hardware store I buy a bottle of kerosene or acetone, soak a rag with it and put it in holes along with rotten fish. From above I also close with a brick or a tile.

And a few years ago, during the winter, I lost 70% of the bulbs of tulips, daffodils and crocuses. I had to look for a way out for the future. It turned out that rodents can not stand the smell of black elderberry. I broke branches of elderberry 10-15 cm long, split
I drank them lengthwise with a knife and inserted (dug) obliquely into the flower beds, in which we planted flower bulbs before winter. In the spring, the elderberry branches were removed.

Between daffodils and tulips I plant tubers of imperial hazel grouse, it also has a frightening aroma.

There are two in the photo imperial hazel grouse: on the left - orange high, on the right - yellow among tulips.

See also in this section:

In spring, one of the first among perennial onions grows multi-tiered (viviparous, horned, Egyptian, Canadian). It is very rich in vitamins, and its green feather doesn't get rough for a long time.

Growing your own sets is troublesome, and it is not always possible to save it: it will either rot or dry out. With sevka from the store, I am afraid to bring various diseases and pests to the site (onion root mite, onion tripe, stem nematode). So I started growing it on my windowsill. green onion through seedlings - in one season.

For cutting early fragrant, vitamin-rich greens in vegetable gardens, perennial onions (chives, batun, etc.) are usually grown, which are often used to decorate the site. However, on nutritional goals You can also use some decorative bows.

Do you want to be fit and healthy? Eat onions! It contains many vitamins, minerals, flavonoids and the plant hormone glucinin, which lowers blood sugar levels.

Onions are considered very useful plant which is grown on summer cottages. It contains special substances that kill pathogenic bacteria. Thanks to them, the onion has a sharp taste and a specific smell. Onions are used in the manufacture of various dishes, it has a special taste, it improves digestion.

Onions are the most popular variety in our country. It is grown almost everywhere. To grow large and healthy bulbs, it takes a lot of effort. Growing onions from seeds in one season is considered very popular.

Onions from seeds are grown in the following ways:

Sowing in the ground in early spring.
Growing seedlings.
Winter sowing.

The first way is that onion seeds are sown directly into the soil as soon as she thaws. Bulbs thus grow in one season.

Seedlings are grown at home. Seeds begin to germinate in February, and planted in the ground in April.

The winter sowing method is used in the fall, planting seeds in slightly frozen soil. But you need to be careful, because due to earlier sowing onions can sprout already in autumn and freeze.

Whichever method is chosen, the soil must be prepared in advance. The earth should be dug up in the fall, with the addition of peat or compost to it.

Advantages of onion seeds over sevka

There are many reasons why it is better to use onion seeds for planting than onion sets.

If as planting material use onion sets, then you can bring them into the beds harmful insects or illness. If you use a manganese solution as an antiseptic, even it may not help eliminate diseases or pests inside the set. Seeds used for sowing are much easier to treat.
If you use seeds for sowing, then a marketable onion can grow in a season even without seedlings. At certain conditions cultivation and top dressings used, quality bulbs are obtained, even with late sowing directly into the soil.
Growing seedlings helps to avoid a bad harvest due to poor quality material. If you use a turnip onion, then there will be a high probability of getting plantings with numerous voids.
Using seeds for growing, you can select the best quality seeds and plant them in such a way that they do not compete with each other for nutrients.

Depends on the variety chosen growing method and landing time. To date, there are 60 varieties of onions, which are divided into the following types:

varieties of southern origin;
varieties of northern origin.

Northern varieties require a day length of 17 hours to form a full-fledged bulb, while southern varieties require 14 hours. Northern varieties of onions have a sharper taste and are better stored. Southern varieties taste better, but they have a shorter shelf life.

Pre-sowing preparation of seeds

Before planting the seeds, they are checked for germination. Do this a month before planting. To do this, 15–20 seeds are taken from the batch, wrapped in a damp cloth and kept for two weeks. After that, the result is evaluated.

If the seeds are of high quality, they begin their pre-sowing preparation. To avoid fungal diseases, they are wrapped in cloth and lowered into hot water for 15 minutes, and then in the cold for one minute. Then the seeds are kept at room temperature for a day, without unfolding from the tissue, which is periodically moistened.

There is another way of pre-sowing seed preparation. Oxygen under pressure must be supplied to any container with water and the seeds are soaked in it for 18 hours, then they are dried and sown in the soil. Mostly onions are sown at the end of April.

Preparing beds for sowing

Onion beds are made in sunny places. It’s good if cabbage, potatoes, cucumbers, legumes or tomatoes grew in this place before, which wonderfully supply the soil with nitrogen. Loamy soil with the addition of organic and mineral fertilizers is also perfect.

The width of the beds should be 80 centimeters, and the height - 15 centimeters. While digging into the soil add compost or peat 3 kilograms for each square meter area. In addition, nitrophoska with superphosphate is added in a tablespoon per square meter. The compost, along with fertilizer, is thoroughly mixed with the soil and compacted a little. Prepare the beds, and then use the solution blue vitriol for watering. The solution is consumed 2 liters per square meter of beds. The beds are covered with plastic wrap for 2-3 days.

Sowing seeds

For sowing in the garden make markings. It is necessary to step back from the edge of the bed by 10 centimeters and draw three furrows. From each other they should be at a distance of 5 centimeters. The depth of the furrows should not be more than 2 centimeters. After 15 centimeters from them, three more furrows are drawn, and so on.

In these furrows, seeds begin to be planted with a distance of 1–1.5 centimeters from each other. After the seeds are planted, the soil is slightly compacted and watered with water, spending 2-3 liters of water per meter of bed.

In order for the seeds to germinate and grow faster, the beds are covered with plastic wrap. It retains water in the soil and creates an ideal microclimate for germination.

When the onion starts to sprout cotyledons appear in the form of small loops. If suddenly roots appear instead of them, then they must be removed, because such a plant will die anyway. As soon as the seeds germinate, they are thinned out, leaving a distance of 1.5-2 centimeters between them. After 12 days, the cotyledons straighten and the first leaf appears.

Crop care

Care of crops includes regular watering, control of weeds, diseases and pests.

From May to June, watering is carried out once a week. Due to dry weather, the beds need to be watered twice a week. Water is consumed in the amount of 5-10 liters per meter of the garden. In July irrigation must be stopped and due to the maturation of the bulbs. Water can get in the way.

If the drought continues all this time, you can water once a week in small portions, otherwise the bulbs may wilt. Water the beds carefully so as not to break the onion feathers.

Weeding the beds begins as soon as small weeds appear, because when weeding adult weeds, the roots of the bulbs are easily damaged. To make it easier to remove weeds, the beds must be watered in advance. Weeding contributes partial loosening soil. Separate loosening is not recommended.

If the onion sprouts slowly, you can feed the soil with urea. To do this, a spoonful of urea must be dissolved in a bucket of water and watered the beds, spending 3-4 liters per meter.

By yellow and withered feathers, you can determine that the onion is ripe. Harvesting usually takes place in late July - early August. If the feathers have not turned yellow, the onions are harvested from the garden and laid out in the sun. thin layer to mature.

As soon as it is completely dry, the feathers are removed, and the bulbs themselves dry well with the help of any heating appliances. This method should protect the onion from rot and powdery mildew.

As soon as the onion dries, it must be sorted. Small bulbs are used for winter sowing. The rest of the onions are stored in boxes or canvas bags of 10-15 kilograms each, putting them in a dark place with a temperature of about +18 degrees. Due to more high temperature bulbs can germinate. Onions constantly need to be checked for rot and dry bulbs. They must be removed immediately.

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