Many readers ask if the renovation of the facade of the building is a major overhaul? It all depends on the condition of the facade of the house.

Even a superficial inspection is sometimes enough to determine: a cosmetic repair of the facade of the object being inspected is inappropriate, it can only be a major overhaul.

But the opinion of a passer-by cannot be attached to the case, therefore, to assess the condition of the finish of the exterior walls of a residential building there is always a commission, presented by specialists from the Regional operator, as well as top officials management company as residents' representatives.

Important! It would be good if an initiative group that takes part is created from among the owners of residential premises.

What is needed is a major overhaul of the facade of a residential building, if any such defects:

• more than 35% of the plaster was destroyed;
• the seams between the panels or blocks are exposed: the insulation has collapsed and crumbled, which threatens to penetrate atmospheric moisture;
• external drainpipes, gutters are deformed, one hundred led to a violation of the integrity and ingress of rainwater on the facade, etc.

Such a state exterior finish and drainage system needs urgent restoration.

Overhaul of the facade of apartment buildings: what is included in the list of works?

The list of works is not a constant, since in each individual case the degree of destruction is different, and the decoration of the outer walls is made with different materials, and the technologies for overhauling the facade of the MKD may also differ. So how is the overhaul done? apartment building and facade? Sample list the work to be performed on the repair of the facade during the overhaul of the MKD can be summarized, and it looks something like this:

• cleaning surfaces from dust, plaster, layers of whitewash or paint;
• sealing of seams, their heat and waterproofing;
• wall plastering, puttying, primers, painting;
• coating the surface of the walls with water-repellent compounds;
• repair and replacement of individual sections of the drainage system.

If the walls outside were insulated, then the collapsed insulation will need to be restored. But let's not forget that in each individual case, during the overhaul of the facade of an apartment building, scope of work may vary.. So we learned what is included in the overhaul of the facade.

Who is doing the repairs?

Works on the restoration of the facade as part of a major overhaul performed by the contractor, which is called the "regional operator". This is an enterprise should not be commercial.

This company is created by local government authorities to implement a repair program (FZ of 07/21/2014 N 255). Actually, the operator may not do all the work on his own, but only coordinate their implementation, payment, quality, timing.

Reference: the contractor can also be selected by the voting of the owners, but it must be an official company, with accreditation and necessary permissions, tolerances, especially for special types works.

Who pays?

Overhaul facade in apartment buildings finance the owners themselves residential premises in apartment buildings by making monthly contributions. In order for a decision to be made to carry out work to put the facade of the house in order, at a meeting of owners, at least 2/3 of the owners of residential premises must vote for this.

Here they also decide the amount of the mandatory payment to the overhaul fund. The authorities set a minimum monthly fee, but a higher amount can be voted on. It is important that the majority decision must be followed by all: both those who ignored the meeting and those who initially did not agree to pay the fee bigger size than set by the authorities.

The more serious the contributions, the larger the amount can be accumulated on a special account, which means the possibility of expanding the list of works and supplementing it with important and necessary volumes that will make living in the house even more comfortable.

If the collected money is not enough for the full amount, will they stop restoring the wall surfaces? No, all work included in the approved estimate is subject to mandatory completion, and the operator will take the funds from himself, but only from the amounts of contributions collected by residents of other houses, work on which is planned later.

Of course, these funds will have to be reimbursed, but the tenants will not experience any inconvenience: the debt will be deducted from the amounts of monthly contributions that continue to be paid by the apartment owners until it is fully paid off (Article LC RF).

When can citizens demand it?

Each region has a state program of capital repairs apartment buildings.

For half a year before the year in which the restoration of the facade is planned, the regional operator must provide all information about the upcoming repair, including the timing.

Having studied all the documentation and made their proposals, requirements, the owners of the apartments transfer them to the operator for correction. After all issues are resolved and there are no disagreements, actions can be started to implement the overhaul plan.

What to do if a major overhaul is needed sooner?

If the owners consider that some structures are subject to immediate restoration, then it is possible, without waiting for the planned date, to proceed, but here arises big funding issue. We will have to collect additional contributions for these unscheduled works in excess of those approved as mandatory (Art. LC). Adjustment of payments will be carried out without fail, so that for a certain time, tenants who have spent money on additional repairs will be exempted from making contributions.

In addition to the funds also need design and estimate documentation and someone else has to take care of it. To solve these problems, you should contact your management company, which works on behalf of the residents with local authorities and the Regional Operator.

The local administration body, on the basis of an agreement signed between it and the operator, entrusts the latter with the preparation of the project and the organization of the examination. In accordance with the schedule for the production of works, within the time limits specified in this schedule and in the contract, work is being carried out to overhaul the common property of residents.

Useful tips on design and estimate documentation, see the video below:

How is it different from the current one?

Maintenance facade includes works related not to large-scale restoration, but more to maintenance of external surfaces walls are in good condition. Usually this cosmetic procedures:

• repair of plaster in separate places;
• putty, primer in these places;
• facade painting.

Overhaul of the facade of an apartment building is hard and costly work. But for those owners who constantly maintain their common property in proper condition, the funds are spent more economically: a crack in the facade noticed and repaired in time will not grow into a gaping hole, the elimination of which will require more effort and investment. So we learned what a major overhaul of the facade of an apartment building is.

The facade of the MKD is a common house property, therefore, for the condition given element building is the responsibility of the management company. She is directly involved in the organization of its repair, which is paid by the owners. In the article we will consider the types of repair work and describe the reasons for starting them. Issues of participation of residents in the repair of facades of buildings and responsibility for its untimely implementation will be touched upon.

The building structures of an apartment building wear out during operation and need to be reconstructed. It is necessary to maintain normal appearance buildings and ensure the safety of people. In the case of the facade, its destruction is dangerous for both residents and others.

Periodic repair of building facades is also necessary to extend the life of the facility. This moment is important both for apartment owners and for the managing organization.

When is a façade repair necessary?

In the case of the façade, most of the damage is visible to the naked eye. They are fixed in this way - by visual inspection. It is conducted by a commission with the participation of competent specialists, employees of the managing organization and residents of the MKD. If we are talking about a major overhaul, then representatives of the regional operator also participate.

There are several clear signs that indicate the need for facade repair:

• the plaster layer is damaged or falls off over an area of ​​more than 30 percent;
• seams between blocks or panels are exposed;
• the insulation layer is destroyed;
• the gutters are damaged and the precipitation is falling on the outer wall.

If any such deficiency is found, repair work will begin immediately.

Not all defects are visible to the naked eye. More in-depth instrumental studies are carried out to reveal hidden shortcomings. For example, this is how the condition of balcony slabs and concrete canopies is assessed.

Types of repair of the facade of the house

Repair of facades of multi-apartment buildings happens:

• current;
• capital.

During the current repair, mainly cosmetic procedures are carried out, aimed at restoring the normal appearance of the building. This option is possible with minor damage to the facade.

The current repair does not involve a major reconstruction of the facade of the building. Its purpose is to maintain the proper appearance of the exterior walls. The work included here is carried out in a clearly defined sequence.

1. The walls are cleaned and prepared for further work.
2. The working surface is plastered - this eliminates various defects and ensure the evenness of the walls. To eliminate complex defects, materials are selected separately for each situation.
3. Walls are primed before further application finishing material, for example, coloring. In this case, the paint lasts much longer and better.
4. Coloring. This is the final stage of the cosmetic repair of the MKD.

Current repairs are carried out much more often than major ones. Much less money is needed for cosmetic procedures.

The overhaul of the facade is characterized by greater complexity and duration. Serious restoration work is being carried out in the course of it. building structures.

The list of works during the overhaul of the facade of the MKD

A program for the overhaul of apartment buildings is running in the regions. For each MKD, a date for the completion of repair work is determined. The sequence is strictly observed, as there are usually not enough funds in regional funds. More than 90 percent of residents pay for capital repairs on time, but certain problems with payment discipline remain.

Capital repairs of facades are carried out together with other works related to the restoration of building structures and communications of MKD. It is conducted in parallel with other events or completes them.

In some cases, it is possible to achieve a major overhaul of the facades ahead of schedule. The legislation provides for rules that allow you to postpone the deadlines, if necessary. A prerequisite is the availability of funds accumulated by residents specifically for major repairs. No government subsidies are allocated for these purposes.

The launch of a major overhaul of the facade of the building is much easier if the funds for it are collected not in the general fund from the regional operator, but in a special account (usually managed by the Criminal Code or HOA). In this case, the decision made at the general house meeting is sufficient. For individual overhauls facade work usually not too large sums are spent. This facilitates their coordination with apartment owners and the search for the necessary financing.

The task of the managing organization is to collect a commission to inspect the facade. It describes the shortcomings, assesses the degree of deterioration and destruction. After that, the budget documentation is prepared.

The list of works depends on how worn and damaged the facade is. In general, it looks like this:

• the building is inspected for defects;
• the facade is preliminarily prepared - the old coating is dismantled, the surface is cleaned from rust and traces of fungus;
• cracks are sealed with cement-sand mortar;
• the surface is primed to eliminate dust and improve the adhesion of building materials;
• joints are treated with waterproofing and sealed;
• the basement and the blind area are being repaired;
• insulation is made with expanded polystyrene or mineral wool;
• visors and elements of the drainage system are installed;
• protective and decorative finishing of the facade part of the MKD is being carried out.

When large cracks in brickwork grouting does not solve the problem. In this case, the destroyed bricks are replaced by new ones.

The overhaul of the facade does not involve the implementation of all at once listed works. The list in each case is compiled separately, depending on the condition of the building.

A common practice is a partial overhaul. It is carried out to eliminate specific unexpected shortcomings. For example, it can be the restoration of the canopies of the balconies of the upper floors to protect the walls from precipitation or the sealing of a damaged blind area.

During the overhaul of the facade, if necessary, change its functional parts:

• double-glazed windows;
• partitions;
• decorative stained-glass windows and more.

Responsibility for repairs

Cosmetic and major repairs of the facade of the MKD are paid by the owners of the apartments. Cash this is collected monthly under two relevant articles:

• current housing maintenance;
• home renovation.

Responsibility for carrying out repairs is divided depending on their type. The current repair is carried out by the managing organization. She raises funds for these purposes, regularly inspects the building and works with requests from residents. The obligations of the Criminal Code in terms of the current repair of the facade are described in the RF GD No. 491 dated August 13, 2006.

It should be emphasized that cosmetic procedures with the facade are carried out with the funds that are regularly collected from the residents. It is impossible to establish additional fees for carrying out suddenly required current repairs. In case of significant damage, you can ask the apartment owners to voluntarily hand over the funds. For example, it may be necessary to eliminate the consequences of a fire in the entrance. If the current savings of the management company are not enough for this, then additional funds from the residents will help speed up the recovery.

The regional operator is responsible for the overhaul of the facades, if the money is accumulated from him. In this case, the managing organization does not invest its funds in carrying out repair work.

When collecting money for overhaul on a special account of MKD by an organization necessary activities handled by its holder. He himself determines the scope of repair work, selects a contractor, approves all this at a general house meeting and monitors further implementation.

When residents of the house may require repairs

Planned repairs of building facades are carried out without the participation of apartment owners - it is approved in advance. If the managing organization does not eliminate obvious deficiencies external walls MKD, then residents may require repairs. This applies to both planned and extraordinary events.

Residents can apply for repairs in the following cases:

• facade elements lose their connection with the wall and begin to collapse, for example, bricks fall out, plaster or stucco crumbles;
• due to damage to the drain, the outer walls are flooded with precipitation and the apartments are flooded;
• cracks, drips and other defects spoil the appearance of the building;
• the blind area and plinths collapsed, the general glazing was damaged, and so on.

If we are talking about a planned overhaul of the facade, then six months before it is carried out, the responsible person provides information about the upcoming work. Residents study it and, if necessary, make adjustments. Only after that the plan is approved and preparations for its implementation begin.

All documents presented in the catalog are not their official publication and are for informational purposes only. Electronic copies of these documents can be distributed without any restrictions. You can post information from this site on any other site.

MOSCOW NORMATIVE
for the operation of the housing stock

Approved and put into effect
Decree of the Government of Moscow
April 25, 2006 No. 276-PP

1. GENERAL

1.1. This Standard was developed in pursuance of the Decree of the Government of Moscow dated November 29, 2005 No. 959-PP “On measures to improve the organization of work on the repair and maintenance of facades of buildings in the city of Moscow” and is aimed at ensuring the efficiency of maintenance work on the facades of buildings and structures.

1.2. The requirements of this Regulation are obligatory for execution by: owners and other legal owners, managers of buildings and structures, maintenance and repair organizations, organizations of the customer and contractor for the reconstruction and overhaul of buildings and structures.

1.3. For non-compliance with the requirements of this standard, performers are liable in the manner prescribed by law.

1.4. Maintenance and repair of facades of buildings and structures (hereinafter referred to as facades) ensure the maintenance of their condition in accordance with the requirements established by law and including:

Maintenance activities (scheduled inspections, unscheduled inspections, current repairs);

Overhaul or restoration of facades for architectural monuments and valuable historical buildings.

These activities and work should be carried out at regular intervals.

Repairs in case of an emergency condition of facades should be carried out immediately upon detection of this condition.

1.6. Particular attention should be paid to the safety of people in the unsatisfactory technical condition of the speakers. structural elements facades: balconies, bay windows, canopies, cornices, stucco architectural details. To eliminate the threat of a possible collapse of the protruding facade structures, protective and preventive measures should be immediately taken - the installation of fences, nets, the termination of the operation of balconies, the dismantling of the collapsing part of the element, etc.

Pollution may be limited in character to mud deposits consisting of greasy soot and semi-coked solids.

2. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF BUILDING FACADES

2.1. Maintenance and repair of building facades includes the following activities: scheduled inspections, unscheduled inspections, maintenance, overhaul, restoration of facades (for architectural monuments and valuable historical buildings).

When carrying out these activities, the requirements of the Law of the City of Moscow "On maintaining in good condition and preserving the facades of buildings and structures on the territory of the city of Moscow" must be observed.

2.2. Scheduled inspections are carried out in spring and autumn. Unscheduled inspections are carried out after natural disasters (fires, hurricane winds, etc.). The results of the inspection are recorded in a log that is kept for each facade. The journal notes the condition of the facades and its elements, the defects identified during the inspection, the measures taken to eliminate the identified defects, the decision to include the facade of the building in the current or major repair plan.

2.3. When examining the facades, the strength of fastening of architectural details and cladding, the stability of parapet and balcony railings are determined. Carefully inspect the basement, sections of the walls at the locations downpipes, near balconies and in other places subject to abundant exposure to storm, melt and rain water, as well as around fastening to walls metal structures(flag holders, anchors, fire escapes, etc.). They check the condition of fastening of overhangs, window sills, covering sandriks, belts, plinth protrusions, balconies.

When examining the facades of large-panel and large-block buildings, the state of horizontal and vertical joints between panels and blocks is monitored.

In concreted or plastered metal beams, the adhesion strength of concrete (mortar) to metal is checked, the condition of the embedded parts of walls, balconies, and brackets is monitored.

For engineering surveys of the state of structures, if necessary, design and survey organizations that have a license to perform these works are involved.

2.4. If an emergency condition of balconies, bay windows, loggias, canopies is detected, the use of these elements is prohibited with the adoption of the necessary measures to eliminate the detected malfunctions.

2.5. During the inspection, attention should be paid to the presence of unauthorized constructive devices on facades and roofs, advertisements, announcements or other elements, as well as littering balconies, bay windows, loggias and take appropriate measures to eliminate the identified violations.

2.6. The elimination of minor structural defects is carried out during inspections or during current repairs.

If the detected defects and malfunctions cannot be eliminated by current repairs, the facades are included in the overhaul plan.

2.7. The overhaul period for facades of buildings is 10 years, and for buildings located in the city center or on major highways - 5 years. In case of early repair, the need for it is confirmed by the results of a technical survey indicating the cause of premature wear of the facade structures.

2.8. Inclusion in the title list of buildings assigned for major repairs is allowed upon agreement with the Design Bureau of the State Unitary Enterprise GlavAPU of the Moscow Architecture Committee and the Committee for cultural heritage the city of Moscow only if there is design and estimate documentation made by a specialized design organization that has a license for design work on the repair of buildings, and for buildings - architectural monuments and valuable historical buildings that have a license for designing the restoration of buildings.

In accordance with the requirements established by law, the title lists should provide for the fulfillment of the instructions of state control and supervision bodies for the safety of buildings and structures on the mandatory restoration or repair of facades within the time limits set by them.

The contractor is appointed on a competitive basis from among specialized repair and construction or construction enterprises that have a license to perform facade repair work.

3. FACADE REPAIR TECHNOLOGY

3.1. Before finishing work on the facade, it is necessary:

Repair the roof and prepare parts for hanging downpipes and other drainage elements;

Complete the repair of walls, window fittings, external doors, balconies, bay windows, loggias, canopies, parapets, chimneys, as well as exhaust ventilation structures located on the roof;

Protect polished plinths, bronze and cast iron parts, sculptures and other elements that may be damaged during repairs with paper or glassine;

Repair radio and electrical wiring, television and other networks located on the facade;

Check the absence of electrical voltage of all tram and trolleybus wires and other devices attached to the building under repair;

To protect places for the passage of people and the passage of vehicles;

Prepare stucco parts of the facade (prefabricated cornices, complex profiles, rods, sandracks, brackets, and other elements) to replace damaged ones.

3.2. Simultaneously with the repair of the facades, the lobbies of the entrances and stairwells should be repaired.

3.3. Repair of facades can be carried out from inventory tubular scaffolding, mobile tower scaffolding, suspended cradles, which is determined by the work organization project.

3.4. Repair of plastered surfaces is carried out in the following technological sequence. Fragile plaster, lagging behind the walls or having grease or tar stains, is removed.

Rusty spots on the surface of the facade are recommended to be removed with a creamy paste composition by weight,%:

12 hours after application, the paste should be washed off with water.

Gray patches of plaster must be allowed to dry. Then the surface of the walls is incised, the masonry seams are cleaned from the solution to a depth to a strong solution. Remove dust from the cleaned surface by blowing compressed air brushes or flushing with water. The surface is cleaned of old paint. To remove old paint, if necessary, blowtorches or gas burners are used.

3.5. To repair the plaster, solutions are used that are similar in composition to the existing plaster, for which, in advance, during engineering surveys, a laboratory analysis of the material of the old plaster is carried out.

To create a single texture of the old and new plasters, the surface of the facade is ground after cleaning from the old paint.

3.6. Repair technology decorative plaster choose depending on the size of the damage and the type of existing finish ( relief plaster, finishing with flutes, finishing with Belgorod white material, finishing with colloidal cement, finishing with a stencil method, finishing with decorative crushed stone, finishing with exposed aggregate, terrazite plaster, etc.). Small damages are smeared after clearing and washing with tinted cement mortar and processed with the appropriate tool. On the damaged areas of considerable size, after clearing and washing, a selected decorative solution is applied, similar to the previously applied one, with subsequent processing. After washing, cracks in decorative plasters are filled with tinted cement mortar and treated to match the texture of the existing plaster.

The type and method of finishing with decorative plaster is established by a color passport issued by the UKB State Unitary Enterprise "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Architecture Committee and agreed with the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the City of Moscow.

3.7. Facade coating should have a wide range of properties:

Good adhesion;

alkali resistance;

Light fastness;

Vapor permeability;

elasticity;

Slight water absorption;

Resistance to microorganisms, etc.

3.8. When choosing paints for finishing facades, their weather resistance is decisive.

Particularly durable coatings are obtained by painting with paint compositions based on synthetic polymers.

The color of the paintwork is set by the UKB GUP GlavAPU of the Moscow Architecture Committee and agreed with the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the City of Moscow.

3.9. Before painting the facades, the following operations are performed: surface cleaning, jointing of cracks; lubrication, polishing, puttying, priming, roofing, repair and replacement of eaves covers, facade corbels, as well as installation of drains, repair of balconies and their fences, bay windows, loggias, plastering of the basement or repair of its lining, installation or repair of a blind area around the building, repair lobbies of the house.

Particular attention is paid to the removal of fragile layers of old paints. After removing the old facade paints, their surface is cleaned with pneumatic installations, washing with water and brushes. Completion of the listed works and readiness of the facade for finishing work is confirmed by a commission consisting of: the owner of the building, the customer, the contractor, the author of the project, the UKB of the city of Moscow, GUP "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Committee for Architecture and the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the city of Moscow with the execution of the corresponding act.

3.10. When applying a paint composition, its properties and requirements for the coating should be taken into account.

Polymeric painting materials are made on the basis of copolymers of butadiene and styrene, acrylic, perchlorovinyl, organosilicon and other resins.

The most impact resistant environment are organosilicon dyes. Paints based on rubbers, for example, polyisobutylene, have special properties, which have the property of fluidity, due to which the cracks that appear seem to self-heal (for example, KCh-1222 paint).

Acrylic paints are highly resistant to environmental influences.

Organosilicate paints have very high properties, as well as low flammability in the cured state.

Perchlorvinyl paints are very resistant to industrial environments. They dry quickly, coatings based on them have high weather resistance.

3.11. When repairing facades, the following requirements for repairing balconies must be met:

The slope of the top of the balcony slab must be at least 2%;

Providing drainage from a balcony or loggia;

Restoration of waterproofing;

Durability of fastening of external protections;

The drain must have a drip and run under the waterproofing carpet and overlap the bottom edge of the balcony slab.

3.12. The use of other dyes must be preceded by their laboratory testing for:

drying time;

hiding power;

Spill;

weediness;

The degree of grinding;

Flexural strength;

Impact strength;

abrasion resistance;

Water resistance;

Oil resistance;

Petrol resistance;

Shine;

Adhesion.

3.13. When repairing facades with decorative plaster, textured layers that have weak adhesion to the base (which is determined by tapping) are removed.

3.14. The technology for applying and processing decorative plasters must comply with the requirements of the project for the overhaul of the facade, developed by a design organization that has a license for these works and a color passport issued by the Design Bureau of the city of Moscow, State Unitary Enterprise "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Architecture Committee and agreed with the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the city of Moscow with the execution of the corresponding act.

4. TECHNOLOGY OF WASHING AND CLEANING OF BUILDING FACADES

4.1. Organizations managing the housing stock, owners (owners), tenants of buildings are required to routinely, and on the main thoroughfares of the city, as necessary, determined by the decision of the city or district commission, clean and wash the facades, incl. it is recommended to wash the main facades of buildings located on the main streets and highways at least once a month, plinths - once every 10 days, on streets of prefectural significance (depending on pollution) at least once a year, plinths - once a month .

4.2. Organizations licensed to carry out facade repair work are involved on a competitive basis in works on washing and cleaning facades.

4.3. Cleaning and washing of facades should be carried out with cleaning agents specified in the Passport (section "Materials and technologies for carrying out work") in accordance with the recommendations of TR 118-01 "Materials and technologies for the production of work on cleaning buildings and structures."

4.4. Facades can be cleaned mechanically and using detergents.

4.5. It is forbidden to clean the plastered and lined surfaces of the facade, as well as architectural details, by sandblasting.

Cleaning by hydrosandblasting may be used in exceptional cases only on facings with an unpolished texture of hard stone, taking into account the specifics of building operation.

4.6. Mechanical cleaning of facades from facing brick, cladding with an unpolished hard stone structure by special cleaning units, where calcium carbonates (soft minerals) are used as a cleaning agent.

4.7. Cleaning of facades from mold, fungus, atmospheric, mud and soil, oil and artificial pollution (for example, "grafitti") with various surfaces(brickwork, concrete, facing granite, facing products sandstone, ceramic, metal, etc.) is also possible using aerohydrodynamic technology (AHD).

4.8. Depending on the type of facade contamination, the following specialized cleaning agents are selected, which, by their properties, provide high-quality cleaning of facades.

4.8.1. For bases infected with microorganisms, antiseptics of the Kartocid-compound type are used, followed by mechanical cleaning, washing with one of the indicated agents and re-treatment with an antiseptic.

4.8.2. For cleaning plastic facades and polymer coatings used alkaline agent with antiseptic and degreasing effects "Plastic Cleaner".

4.8.3. For cleaning the glazing of buildings, an alkaline agent "Glass 1" with an antistatic effect is used.

4.9. Water soluble cleaning work detergents are carried out at an ambient temperature of at least +5 degrees. C. It is forbidden to perform work when strong wind(more than 15 m/s).

4.10. When performing work on cleaning facades with water-soluble detergents, the disposal of cleaning products must be ensured.

5. ACCEPTANCE OF WORKS

5.1. The quality of the work performed is established in accordance with the requirements of the current Building Regulations.

The condition of the facade is determined by external inspection (using tools if necessary).

Possible defects and ways to eliminate them are listed below.

Possible defects and ways to eliminate them are listed below.

5.2. Areas of decorative plaster that have a weak adhesion of the stone-like filler or with a texture that differs in the degree of processing or color of the covering layer from the existing plaster are removed and replaced with a plaster that matches the existing one.

On facade surfaces lined with ceramic tiles, broken or peeling (make a dull sound when tapped) tiles should be replaced with new ones laid on a polymer-cement mortar. Recommended composition of the cement mortar: Portland cement - I the weight. hours, sand - 3 wt. hours, polyvinyl cement dispersion in terms of dry matter - 10% by weight of cement.

Cutting unfilled joints is recommended to be carried out with a polymer cement mortar of the specified composition.

Tiles with deviations from the facade plane of more than 2 mm are replaced.

Chips along the perimeter of facing tiles are allowed if they do not exceed 35 mm in length and width

4 mm. The number of chips should not exceed two per tile.

Tiles with clearly visible through cracks, if they have not lost contact with the base, are sealed with mastic of a color corresponding to the color of the tile and having the following composition, weight. part:

epoxy resin (ED-5 or ED-6) 10-12;

hardener PEPA 1;

pigment (in an amount until a color scheme is obtained to match the color of the tile).

5.3. Acceptance of completed works on the repair of facades is carried out by a commission consisting of:

Customer, owner of the building;

Contractor;

Representative of the UKB of the city of Moscow, State Unitary Enterprise "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Committee for Architecture;

Representative of the design organization.

5.4. The acceptance results are documented in the following form:

ACTacceptance of works on repair (restoration) of facades

City_______________ "____" ___________ 200_

We, the undersigned, represent the customer, owner, proprietor of __________ .

Chief engineer of a construction (repair and construction) enterprise ______________;

Representatives of the architectural body of the UKB of the city of Moscow State Unitary Enterprise "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Committee for Architecture and the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the City of Moscow _______________________________

foreman ____________________________________________

inspected the work ______________________________________________

for the repair (restoration) of the facades of the building __________________________

On st. (trans.) _____________________________

No. ______ and, having checked the quality of these works and their compliance with the approved facade projects, fragments and details, established the following:

main facade

Plinth ___________________________________________________________

Wall field ________________________________________________________

Protruding facade elements (columns, bay windows, balconies, terraces, etc.) _____________

Framing openings ___________________________________________

The crowning cornice, belts, rods and fastenings of stucco parts on them __________________

Gables, parapets, balustrades and junctions of roofs with them _____________________

Sculptures and moldings, their quality and finish ________________________________

Finishing (painting) of the facades was made in accordance with the colors approved by the Design Bureau of the city of Moscow, State Unitary Enterprise "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Committee for Architecture and the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the City of Moscow. Condition of drains (roof gutters, window sills, covering of cornices, rods and stucco parts, arrangement and fastening of downpipes, etc.) _________________________________________________

Yard facade ________________________________________________

The form of the act of acceptance of work on the repair (restoration) of facades (end)

entrances

Lobby

There are no deviations from the approved project, defects and imperfections in the work performed on the external architectural design of the building. The quality of the work performed is recognized. ___________________

Based on the foregoing, we consider it possible to allow the dismantling of scaffolding and other devices used for facade finishing.

Customer representative, owner, owner ___________________

Representatives of the architectural body of the UKB of the city of Moscow, GUP "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Committee for Architecture and the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the city of Moscow

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Chief engineer of a construction (repair and construction enterprise) _______________

Foreman of works ____________________________________________

Note: If there are objections from the owner, the owner of the building, the act is not subject to approval until the prefecture resolves the disagreements that have arisen.

5.5. Based on the requirements established by law, the owners and owners of buildings (premises) are liable for violation of the procedures and deadlines for the repair of facades in accordance with the requirements of building operation standards.

5.6. The owners (owners) of buildings are obliged to systematically clean, wash or paint the facades as necessary, taking into account the material and nature of the finish, as well as the condition of the surfaces of the walls of the buildings (the degree of pollution and color fading, the presence of efflorescence, the destruction of the finishing coating).

If the surface of the façade is heavily soiled, this is an indication of too high a degree of water absorption of the wall material.

Dry sand cleaning of contaminated surfaces may be used in exceptional cases only on facings with unpolished textures, mainly from hard stone rocks.

In order to avoid destruction and damage, it is forbidden to clean by sandblasting surfaces plastered with fragile plasters and having cladding or architectural details made of soft rocks.

surfaces brick walls and walls lined with ceramic tiles (stones) or plastered with cement mortar can be cleaned by hydrosandblasting.

Facades of buildings painted with perchlorovinyl paints should be washed with an aqueous solution of soda ash periodically every 2-3 years.

To clean the surfaces of facades lined with glazed ceramic tiles, it is advisable to use chemical compositions: 8-10 liters of water, 400 g of soda, 0.5 liters of kerosene, followed by washing with water.

Facades lined with ceramics, after cleaning, should be treated with hydrophobic compounds or silicofluorides (fluates) to protect them from moisture and surface contamination. The dust-repellent composition is applied to the surface of the cladding with an airbrush in two steps. The consumption of the composition for the first 100-150 g/m 2 for the second - 55-80 g/m 2 . Hydrophobic composition: water - 100 parts by weight, GKZH-10 (GKZH-11 or GKZH-94) - 7 parts by weight.

5.7. To avoid the formation of dirty streaks on the walls and rusty spots, steel fasteners (brackets of fire escapes and flag holders, tongs of drainpipes, etc.) should be placed with a slope from the walls. On parts that have a slope to the wall, galvanized steel cuffs should be installed tightly adjacent to them at a distance of 5-10 cm from the wall. All elements fixed to the wall should be painted regularly.

Painting of metal stairs, flag holders, fasteners for electrical network braces, fencing gratings on roofs and ventilation holes plinth panels should be made oil paints every 3-6 years in accordance with the color passport of the house.

Change the architecture of the building (by abolishing, replacing with others or arranging new architectural details, punching and sealing openings, changing the shape of windows and the pattern of bindings) without the permission of the Moscow City Design Bureau "GlavAPU" of the Moscow Architecture Committee and the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the City of Moscow;

Install advertisements, posters and other decorations on facades, as well as on roofs without a special project approved in the prescribed manner;

Use number, index and house signs with a deviation from the approved samples.

5.9. In the event of an emergency condition of balconies, loggias and bay windows, it is necessary to prohibit exit from them, announcing this against receipt to the owners (owners) of residential premises, close and seal the exits and take measures to bring the balconies into a technically sound condition. Sidewalks and yards located under emergency balconies and bay windows should be protected.

5.10. The owners (proprietors) of buildings are obliged to systematically check the correct use of balconies, bay windows and loggias by the population, preventing the placement of heavy things on them, littering and requiring regular cleaning of them from snow, dust and dirt.

5.11. Metal railings, black steel roofs, flower boxes should be periodically painted with weatherproof paints. The color of the painting must correspond to the color passport.

In order to avoid pollution of the walls of buildings and balconies located below, the boxes should be placed on pallets with a gap of at least 50 mm from the wall.

5.13. Bodies of architecture and urban planning and state control bodies in the prescribed manner determine the composition of obligations for the maintenance and repair (restoration) of facades and check their fulfillment. Within the limits of their powers, in accordance with the current legislation, they have the right to impose penalties on owners and owners of buildings (premises) who do not fulfill their obligations to maintain facades in a timely manner or perform them improperly.

5.14. A contracting construction (repair and construction) enterprise bears warranty responsibility for the quality of the work performed by it within 5 years.

6. OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES

6.1. Customer Services:

Compile title lists based on monitoring the technical condition of the housing stock;

Assign objects for repair in the presence of design estimates;

Supervise the implementation of repairs and their compliance project documentation, passport "Coloristic solution, materials and technology of work", the requirements of the Standard;

Approve the act of readiness of the facility only if there are no imperfections and the quality of work meets the requirements of the Standard;

Ensure that claim work is carried out to eliminate defects identified during operation within the warranty period;

Provide the scope of work to contractors only on the basis of competitive selection.

6.2. Work executor:

Apply certified materials that have GOSTs;

Ensure the quality of work performed in accordance with the Standards;

Carry out work in accordance with the design and estimate documentation and the passport "Coloristic solution, materials and technology of work".

It's no secret that every year any residential building is aging and requires certain reconstructions, which must be carried out by qualified specialists. All problems with the premises should be prevented as early as possible so as not to endanger the residents. Sometimes there comes a time when a major overhaul of the facade of a residential building is necessary. This is due to the fact that it wears out over time as a result of the destructive effect. negative factors environment, such as precipitation, piercing winds and extreme heat. Therefore, in order to increase the life of a residential facility and return it to a more attractive appearance, it is necessary to periodically repair the facade.

What factors indicate the need for repair work?

Determining the need for renovation of a building is quite simple. This can be done by performing a superficial inspection of the house. This can be done both by the residents themselves and by the public utilities.

Obvious signs are the following defects:

• falling off or damage to the plaster layer on an area exceeding 35%;
• exposure of seams between panels or blocks;
• destruction of the insulation layer;
• drains and gutters were deformed, as a result of which atmospheric precipitation began to fall on the facade.

If any of these defects is found, then an urgent overhaul of the facade of an apartment building is required.

What works include major repairs of the facade of the building?

It is impossible to name the exact list of works that will be carried out during the repair of the building, since each individual case is unique. In addition, when finishing the facades of buildings can be used various materials that require the use of certain technologies. But what is included in the overhaul of the facade in most cases?

Here is an approximate list of repairs:

• removal of dirt and finishing material from the facade;
• sealing seams and laying insulation and waterproofing material;
• decoration of the facade of the building;
• drawing on walls special formulations protecting them from moisture;
• replacement of damaged elements of the drainage system.

If, in addition to the finishing layer, the insulation was also damaged, then its replacement will also be necessary. But do not forget that only qualified specialists will be able to compile an accurate list of works that will require a major overhaul of the facades of the MKD after the site has been inspected.

Who is responsible for the repair?

According to the current legislation, the restoration of damaged facades of residential real estate should be carried out by a contractor company, which is created by the authorities local government. Hire commercial organizations prohibited. At the same time, the contractor may not independently engage in repairs, but only organize work and coordinate actions.

It is worth noting that the company that will repair the facade can be chosen by the owners living in the house through a public vote. But the contractor must be officially registered, and he must also have all necessary documentation permitting the overhaul of facades.

Who finances the repair work to restore the facade?

All expenses for the overhaul of the facades fall on the shoulders of the owners living in this house. For these purposes, tenants contribute a certain amount every month. But at the same time, it is important to understand that repairs will be possible only if at least 2/3 of the owners vote for it. But that is not all. At the meeting of residents, by means of public voting, the amount of monthly contributions that will go to the general fund is also decided.

Inspection of the object and determination of the degree of damage

Capital houses are carried out in stages and consist of the following stages: plastering walls, painting and other types of work. But, as mentioned earlier, in order to compose exact list required work, a preliminary inspection of the residential facility is necessary in order to assess the degree of damage to the building. For example, if a crack appears on the wall, then specialists will first need to establish the cause that is behind the formation of the defect. This measure is mandatory and will prevent the appearance of new cracks.

Preparatory stage

Capital starts from preparatory phase.

It includes a set of activities, which includes:

1. Removal of dust, dirt and old coating from the facade.
2. Restoration of damaged cornices.
3. Replacement of deformed elements of ebbs and drainage system.
4. Checking the quality of adhesion of tiles to the work surface.
5. General assessment of the condition of the property.
6. Drawing up a working budget.

At this stage, issues related to the need to replace the insulation and waterproofing at the junction of individual facing elements are also resolved.

Based on the information collected, the contractor will be able to assess the condition of the house and determine the level of wear and tear. This is necessary for the preparation of a project for the repair work. It is important to understand here that this process is quite complex. Therefore, it is recommended not to deal with it yourself, but to entrust everything to qualified specialists.

When all the documentation is ready, the territory on which the object is located is prepared for repair. Along its perimeter, fences are installed that will block access to the building for passers-by and vehicles.

Cosmetic repairs of buildings

Overhaul of facades is a very laborious process that requires a lot of physical and time costs. It is applied at very strong deterioration of buildings. For minor damage, cosmetic repairs will suffice. All work is carried out in a strictly defined sequence.

After the completion of the preparatory stage, all work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. Cleaning the walls and preparing them for subsequent work.
2. Plastering working surface. This is done in order to eliminate various defects and make the walls even. If there are defects of great complexity, then they are preliminarily eliminated with the help of certain materials, which are selected by specialists individually for each specific case.
3. Wall priming. This type of work is preparatory before painting. It allows you to improve the quality of adhesion of the coating, which will last much longer.
4. Painting work. Wall painting is the final stage of redecoration of residential buildings.

To cosmetic repairs are resorted to much more often than to capital, since it requires less financial costs.

Capital repairs of residential buildings

Unlike cosmetic, the overhaul of facades is a more complex event that requires certain skills and knowledge, as well as the availability of certain qualifications from specialists.

All work is performed in the following sequence:

1. Cleaning of the facade and its preparation for subsequent work.
2. Replacement of thermal and waterproofing in the seams, as well as priming and plastering of walls.
3. Wall decoration with decorative materials.
4. Applying special mixtures to the facade, protecting them from the negative effects of precipitation.
5. Replacement of damaged and failed elements of the drainage system, gutters, ebbs and elements of the ventilation system.

Major repairs and insulation of the facade must be carried out in accordance with certain rules and with technology. Only in this way it will be performed qualitatively and for a long time.

Maintenance and overhaul: what's the difference?

Facade repair is a major or current repair. And what is the difference between them? These are two completely different types of repairs, each of which has certain characteristics and requires various kinds works.

The current one is aimed at restoring the attractive appearance of the building. Therefore, in its process, mainly cosmetic measures are performed, which include:

• restoration of plaster in places where it is damaged or has begun to crumble;
• puttying and priming the working surface;
• wall painting.

A major overhaul, in turn, is a more complex, difficult and lengthy undertaking, since the restoration of damaged sections of the facade requires the use of complex technologies.

When can a major overhaul be required?

The state has developed a program for the implementation of capital repairs of residential facilities for each region of the country. 6 months before the planned restoration of the facade of the building, the contractor who will carry out the overhaul of the facades must provide information to the owners of living space in an apartment building about the planned work and the deadline for their implementation. After reviewing the technical documentation, apartment owners can make certain changes to it, which the contractor must take into account. What's next? After the settlement of all disputes and issues between the contractor and residents, repair work can begin.

What to do if major repairs are needed ahead of schedule?

With a very strong deterioration of the building or any of its individual sections, the residents of the house may not wait for the time for which the overhaul is scheduled, and start doing everything on their own. But in this case there is one a big problem: who will pay for everything? AT similar situation the only solution is to collect additional contributions. At the same time, appropriate adjustments will be indicated in the payment schedule, and the owners will be exempted from making them for a certain time.

Beyond the Solution financial matters, it will also require the preparation of estimates and technical documentation, which also falls on the shoulders of the residents. To do this, you will have to contact a company that acts as an intermediary between homeowners and local governments. The local administration, in turn, on the basis of the contract, will oblige the contractor who will be engaged in the repair work to prepare the appropriate project and all the documentation necessary for its implementation. According to the schedule of work and the deadlines for the delivery of the project, a major overhaul of an apartment building is being carried out.