Night violet photo

Have you ever heard how the night violet smells? If not, you'll be surprised how strong, pleasant it smells. But there is one caveat - you can enjoy the smell only at night. Night violet flower, a photo, planting and caring for which is simple, is also called bicorn mattiola. It is a small plant with beautiful, bluish flowers. Anyone can grow a plant, even an inexperienced summer resident. Let's look at a few practical advice for planting and flower care.

night violet

Why did a plant that doesn't look much like a violet get that name? It's all about the wonderful aroma and bluish color of the flowers. It is so unpretentious in care that it will easily grow even on the most unfavorable soil. Sow with seeds that can be purchased at specialized stores. Please note that the further growth of the plant depends on the quality of the seeds. Not worth buying planting material in spontaneous markets or at grandmothers, since the guarantee of seed quality there is very doubtful.

Today, only two varieties of this plant are known, which are becoming more and more popular in our territory:

1. "Evening scent". A small violet with purple flowers. The beginning of flowering usually occurs at the end of June - beginning of July. The plant is small in height and reaches only 50 cm. The variety will please with an abundant number of flowers that will literally stick around small branches of violets.
2. "Star Light". tall variety with flowers of different colors. It has excellent endurance. Prefers acidic soil and regular watering. It is not recommended to plant "starlight" on open areas, because the leaves and stem quickly wither from lack of moisture.

How to plant a night violet in a summer cottage?

Sowing of seeds is carried out somewhere in the beginning of April, when the probability of emergence of zarosok is excluded. Also, for good and stable growth, it is best to follow some recommendations:

• Location. It is better to choose a landing site that is sufficiently lit, but not under the open sun. It is good if there is a slight blackout from a sprawling tree or shrub nearby. You should not sow seeds near vegetable crops such as cabbage, tomato and potatoes, as there is a possibility of pests moving to violets.
• The soil. The flower does not like too acidic soil, so it is best to remove the top layer and mix it with ash. It is also important to remember the nutritional value of the earth by adding peat or humus.
• Humidity. The amount of moisture does not affect the growth of the plant. Night violet calmly tolerates drought, but this, nevertheless, can affect its appearance.

  Beauty matiola pink - night violet

  It is also necessary to ensure that there is no waterlogging, as the root system may begin to rot.

In order for the flowering to be continuous, it is necessary to carry out additional sowing of seeds every 10 days. Thus, a fragrant, beautiful and picky plant will always grow in your summer cottage.

How to care for a night violet?

As mentioned above, the night violet does not need complex care, so everyone can grow it in their summer cottage. What does care include?

• Watering. You need to water the flower no more than once a week. If there were rains, then even less often. The main problem that owners of night violets may have is severe waterlogging, which leads to rotting of the root system.
• Weed control. Large weeds can stifle the growth of a flower, so be careful to destroy all weeds in time and loosen the soil.
• Spraying against pests. As for insects, the night violet is not strongly attacked by them, but it is still necessary to protect the plant. To do this, you can use both chemical and folk remedies.
• Fertilizer. As food great solution there will be mineral fertilizers for flowers, which can be purchased at all specialized stores.

So, night violet flower, photo, planting and care behind which is simple, will be a great decoration for your suburban area, and also fill it with a wonderful, delicate aroma.

Night violet or scientifically hesperis refers to biennial plants. The flower has a pleasant aroma, which intensifies at night, unpretentious, but showy flowers delicate pink, lilac color, as well as long flowering.

Care and cultivation of night violets

Prefers shaded areas with loose, fertile and moist soil. On acidic soils, the plant will grow reluctantly. The flower will feel great under sprawling trees, but it can also grow in the sun.

Description of night violet: flowers, photo, planting and care

Despite moisture-loving, the flower does not like stagnant water. The flower is watered regularly, but moderately. The soil must not be allowed to dry out. The plant does not need fertilizing mineral fertilizers, but readily grows on soils rich in organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers are applied at planting.

For the winter, the night violet does not require shelter, but if cold winters are planned, then it is better to mulch the plantings.

reproduction

Night violet is propagated by seeds, which are sown in spring or autumn, before winter. Before sowing, the soil is prepared by applying organic fertilizers. Seeds are sown immediately in open ground, in the shade, on ridges, but can be sown immediately in a permanent place. When growing a flower, it is better to create plantings of medium density, so the plants look more spectacular. If the seeds were sown on a ridge, then at the beginning of autumn, the seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place. Since the flower belongs to biennials, the flowering of the plant will begin in the second year after sowing. The flower reproduces well by self-sowing.

Home » Flowers » Night violet growing from seeds

Night violet growing from seeds

Violet night

General description of the plant

Violet night, or as it is also called matthiola bicorne, plants from the genus Hesperis. The homeland of Asia Minor and Greece, matthiola has been popular since the 16th century. It is an upright, spreading, strongly branching herbaceous plant, a perennial grown as a biennial.

It grows in the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, Western Siberia and the Mediterranean. The stem is about 40-50 centimeters long, covered with glandular hairs. The leaves are linear, sharp, glabrous, small, serrated and white-pubescent.

The flowers of the night violet have a pleasant lilac or purple color, reach two centimeters in diameter, terry or simple, the leaves are collected in cylindrical brushes. Flowers have a pleasant fragrant aroma, which increases in the evening or at night and in rainy weather.

It is for this that matthiola in Russian culture was called the night violet or evening. The fruit of the night violet is a pod, six centimeters long, with small, grayish-brown seeds, 1.6 thousand pieces per gram. Mattiola seeds are able to maintain their germination for two or three years.

Varieties of night violets

Variety of night violet "Evening aroma" This violet with lilac flowers, long, up to 45 centimeters high, strongly branched stem. The flowering of this variety of mattiola is intense, plentiful and fragrant.

Variety of night violet "Starlight" This cultivar is a mixed variety with variously colored flowers. It also has a fairly tall stem up to 50 centimeters long.

Planting a night violet

Sowing matthiola seeds directly into open ground is carried out from April to June. It is desirable to sow so that the distance between plants in a row is about 10 centimeters. Seeds are planted in the soil to a depth of about 0.5 cm.

Young rosettes of matthiola are planted in a permanent place in the time period from August to mid-September. Night violet does not need shelter for the winter, as the plant is distinguished by its frost resistance.

It is desirable to sow night violet in open sunny places, this increases its decorative effect. In the first year after planting, only a rather dense rosette of leaves will appear. And already in the second year, a long, up to one meter high, strongly branching stem is formed.

Cosmea growing from seeds when to plant

With fragrant, lilac flowers of four petals on it. If you want to achieve continuous flowering violets throughout the summer in your garden, then for this you need to re-sow at intervals of 10-15 days.

Soil for night violets

The soil for planting night violets should be loose, moist, well-drained, calcareous, fertile and sufficiently fertilized. Night violet does not respond well to fresh organic matter.

Reproduction of the night violet

it is very easy to propagate by seeds and is characterized by an accelerated development cycle, planted seeds germinate in 10-15 days. And the time from sowing to flowering is about two months. Night violet easily self-sows.

Night violet care

Watering requires moderate, if there was no rain, then the plant is watered about once a week. It is advisable to avoid prolonged drought and prolonged stagnation of water. For this, it is necessary to loosen the soil after watering.

Air humidity for night violet

Humidity is a factor that absolutely does not affect the processes of growth and flowering. However high humidity always welcome. As for the neighborhood, the night violet is perfectly adjacent to other plants.

It will look especially impressive with such bright colors like calendula, marigolds and dimorphoteca in the background.

Night Violet Pests

Night violet can be affected by pests such as cruciferous fleas, whites, caterpillars of cabbage butterflies and cruciferous keel.

Useful properties and application of night violets

If you are a lover of a fragrant garden, then the night violet is perfect for this. With the departure of the sun, when the heat subsides, its inconspicuous flowers will open and begin to smell with a wondrous aroma. Matthiola inflorescences are used for cutting.

Night violet is popular as a plant for landscaping loggias and balconies; it grows well in mixed landings, flowerbeds near the house or gazebos, and also easily take root in a difficult moorish lawn. Also, the use of matthiola is widely used in medicine.

From its seeds, substances such as biovichoside, digitoxyside and glycobiovichoside, as well as steroids, alkaloids and cardenolides, are isolated. Therefore, in pharmacology, matthiol is used as a diuretic, cardiotonic and metabolic enhancer.

In addition, it has the ability to accumulate beneficial substances in the body. The leaves contain essential oils, saponins and flavonoids.

An alcoholic extract from the leaves has an antibacterial effect. For gout and rheumatism, as well as a diaphoretic, you can use an infusion consisting of one teaspoon of grass and one second teaspoon of matthiola seeds, brewed in 500 ml of boiling water. Infuse for two hours, take 100 ml 4 times a day.

Be careful during the assembly and preparation of grass, the plant is poisonous. Seeds are recommended to be harvested in August and September, and grass in May or July. Mattiola seeds, among other things, contain about 30% fatty oils, so violet can be used in soap making and as a combustible substance.

It is also possible to use seedlings of night violet seeds. They are ready to use in 5 or 6 days. But you should not over-irrigate the plant during the germination process, as this can lead to the appearance of mold on them.

Pink clematis. Clematis is an unpretentious plant that will master any space in the adjoining area

Mattiola sprouts are rich in vitamins A and C, as well as minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and magnesium. Sprouts help increase appetite, have a softening and antiscorbutic effect, and increase the stimulation of the body's regenerative resources. Night violet sprouts are used to season salads, pasta dishes, and cheese appetizers, due to their pronounced spicy taste.

Night violets. Matthiola flower - photo

Beautiful roses, peonies, graceful gladioli or other representatives of the flora, distinguished by bright colors or graceful foliage, will decorate any backyard or summer cottage. But no less popular are plants, the main advantage of which is the charming and unique, light aroma of flowers. These are night violets.

general information

Garden plants with a pleasant fragrant smell have been popular since ancient times. Over time, they do not disappear from the collections of flower growers. Night Violets are plants belonging to the numerous Cruciferous family.

They are presented as annuals and perennial species, a feature of which is a delicate fragrant aroma of flowers, which manifests itself after sunset, during the dark period of the day.

Matron's Evening Party

Hesperis, or the host's evening party - fragrant plant known since ancient times. The smell of flowers is greatly enhanced in the evening and at night. For this feature, the plant is called "night violets."

They are often grown as biennials. After sowing the seeds, a rosette of leaves is formed. In the first year, small flower stalks may form. Abundant flowering plant will please only next season.

In the third year, flowering decreases. Therefore, landings are updated. Evening Matrona is a fairly tall perennial. The erect stems can reach seventy-five centimeters in height.

The leaves are lanceolate in shape.

Four-petal - lilac, pink or snow-white - flowers are small. Their sizes reach two or more centimeters in diameter. They are collected in inflorescences. Flowers can be single or double. Terry species with white color of inflorescences are especially popular.

They will delight in flowering for twenty days. At the end of the season, the night violet bears fruit. Seeds ripen in small pods that form after flowering.

Landing and care

Night violets of this species are photophilous.

night violet

They are planted in well-lit areas. A flower garden located in partial shade is also suitable.

The soil should be fertile, slightly alkaline, with good drainage qualities. Plants of the cruciferous family are not allowed as predecessors. Usually night violets are planted along paths, near arbors and in places of rest.

They also grow well on a balcony or loggia. Sowing in open field falls in May or June. The first sprouts will appear in nine to twelve days. The flower garden is watered, avoiding waterlogging. Last year's plantings are thinned out.

Plants are seated at a distance of 35-40 centimeters from each other. Night violets can be planted with pre-grown seedlings. Flower care is simple. The soil is constantly loosened and weeds are removed.

Feed up complex fertilizers for flower crops. Given culture winter-hardy, does not require shelter for the winter. Several types of reproduction are possible - seed and vegetative.

At the age of two, division of the bush or cuttings is possible.

Mattiola: description

Representatives of this species are annual plants. In floriculture, matthiola is bicornuate and gray-haired (levkoy). They are easy to care for and grow.

Possess good frost-resistant qualities.

Fragrant favorite of the night

The mattiola bicorn flower, or night violet, is notable for the fact that it blooms in the evening. The night coolness is filled with the fragrant aroma of nondescript flowers. An upright annual plant with a strongly branched stem and small leaves.

The root system is pivotal. Small, inconspicuous flowers with four petals form a racemose inflorescence with a strong pleasant smell. They are painted in pale lilac, white or light yellow.

Night violets are flowers that open in the evening and remain so throughout the night. With the first rays of the sun, they close. The flowering period falls on the first half of the summer period. The fruits of the plant are small seed pods.

They are filled with small seeds, the germination of which lasts for three years.

Varieties of matthiola bicornu

Exist various varieties. Let's dwell on a few of them. Matthiola flower " evening fragrance» — annual plant, not requiring special care.

The height of the stems reaches fifty centimeters. Is different abundant flowering. Small purple flowers open and are fragrant in the evening, while emitting a strong, pleasant aroma.

The plant is photophilous. Tolerates light partial shade.

Mattiola "starlight" - annual, the stems of which grow up to forty or fifty centimeters. Flowers of this variety, like all varieties of mattiola bicornu, do not differ in decorative appearance. They are small and inconspicuous, white or yellow.

Dissolve in the evening. They have a strong fragrant aroma.

cultivation

The two-horned mattiola is unpretentious and easy to care for. Planting is done by sowing seeds directly in the flower garden. Depending on the weather conditions sowing can be carried out in late April or early May.

Agricultural technology does not require special skills - this is moderate watering, loosening the soil, removing weeds, fertilization.

Fragrance and beauty

Levkoy, or matthiola gray, is distinguished by colorful flowering. The aroma of flowers is weaker, in contrast to the first type of this culture. However, this plant is superior to matthiola bicornu according to external data.

Flowers have the correct shape and reach a diameter of five centimeters. They can be simple four-petal or terry, with more than seventy petals. The color of the flowers is white, pink, purple, blue, light yellow.

At the flower large leaves oval, dark green, slightly pubescent. They are located on branched or single stems, reaching a height, depending on the variety, from thirty to eighty centimeters.

Landing and care

A feature of gray matthiola is that terry varieties are fruitless. Seeds provide simple shapes of this culture. Grow levka seedling way.

In conditions closed ground for this, plastic containers, boxes or pots are used. Seeds are sown in the second half of March in previously prepared containers. Fertile soil is disinfected to prevent diseases.

For this purpose, it is calcined or watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Emerging shoots are demanding on lighting. Watering during this period is moderate.

When the first true leaves appear, seedlings are fed with complex fertilizer. In order to prevent diseases, seedlings are watered several times with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Levkoy has three varieties that differ in flowering time: summer uniform: flowering period - July-August; autumn form: flowering period - August-September; Summer levka is grown in open ground.

Sites for it should be well lit, and the soil should be loose and nutritious. Flower care is quite simple. strong seedlings is developing rapidly.

Plants require moderate watering, loosening the soil, removing weeds and regular top dressing.

Night violets in landscape design

In the garden, fragrant flowers are frequent guests. They are planted in small groups along the paths. They serve wonderful decor small artificial reservoirs.

To create fragrant flower beds and flower beds, night violets are indispensable. The photo shows how you can arrange the plants in the places reserved for recreation. In the evening, you can enjoy the aroma of fragrant flowers if you plant them on the terraces, near the gazebos.

Often, night violets are included in flower arrangements. But at the same time, when creating them, you should choose the right plants.

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General information about the night violet

Night violet has another name for mattiola bicorne. It grows on the territory of the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus. Leaves small size, sharp, flowers can be double, but simple are more common.

Blooms tender purple and has a pleasant aroma. The flowers are collected in small inflorescences in the form of small brushes. The value of this plant for gardeners lies in the fact that flowering begins in the evening and lasts almost all night.

Night violet is very similar in appearance on phlox, which is why it is sometimes called "bull phlox". The flowering period takes place in the summer, mainly in June and July. The fruits appear in autumn, these are pods, the length of which is not more than 6 cm.

The pods contain seeds, the number of which can be more than 1500 pieces per 1 gram. Seeds can be stored for 2 years and after this period they will still be viable. It tolerates winter well, even without additional insulation.

Very easy to grow, does not require special climatic conditions. Very unpretentious, which attracted the attention of gardeners of the Eurasian continent.

Types of violets

In nature, there are many varieties of night violets, while gardeners prefer only a few varieties that are most suitable for home cultivation.

• The plant of this variety has stems with strong branching, the height of which can reach 40 - 45 cm. It blooms in a delicate purple color with beautiful dense inflorescences. When flowering, it emits a delicate strong aroma. This variety is the most popular among gardeners due to the delicate color of flowers that open in the evening, and a pleasant aroma.
• This variety of Mattiola grows up to 50 cm in height.

  Flowers in bloom have a variety of colors. Very much appreciated by gardeners for its aroma, the flowers do not have much beauty. It is recommended to sow at the benches, near the entrance, under the windows.

• This variety is not very tall, the stems grow up to 30 cm in height. It blooms with delicate flowers collected in loose inflorescences. During the day, the plant looks wilted and unattractive, so open flower beds and along the paths in the garden it is better not to plant them, their appearance is not attractive. And in the evening, the plant "wakes up", opens, its appearance becomes fresh, and the flowers exude a delicate pleasant aroma.
• A tall plant variety, the height of the stems can reach 50 cm. The leaves are small, coarsely serrated. It prefers light places for growth. The stems are strongly branched. The flowers are small pale purple, collected in loose inflorescences. Has a pleasant gentle smell.

Flower care and reproduction

Night violet is an unpretentious plant and does not require special care. But when breeding this plant at home, you should follow some rules of care.

• It is worth watering the night violet regularly, but moderately, not more than once a week, especially if the summer is dry. Do not let the soil dry out, but stagnant water is very harmful to the plant. It is very useful to weed the ground around the plants after watering. The watering process is best done in the morning, and in two stages, for a good passage of water into the depth of the soil. It is worth feeding the plant no more than 2 times a month with mineral fertilizers. The night violet loves moist air very much, but even with low humidity it feels great and it does not affect flowering in any way. It coexists well with any plants, although it grows well.

For the winter, the plant can not be insulated, the night violet tolerates cold winters well.

• You can buy Night Violet seeds in almost any store for gardeners and flower growers. To plant seeds, they must be mixed with sand. The sowing period in open ground is the end of April, if the weather is warm, or at the beginning of May, if April turned out to be cold. The planting depth should be minimal, a very good germination percentage if the seeds are sown on top of the ground and sprinkled with 0.5 cm of earth. The distance between crops should be at least 10 cm. The landing site must be chosen light or in partial shade, and in order to subsequently enjoy the aroma of Night Violet, it should be sown near the gazebo or bench.

But if the plants were sown in open ground in different places independently, as a result of the flowering of the plant in the previous year, it is recommended to transplant it into a flower bed along with a clod of earth in which the flower grows. The soil for planting Night Violet should be moist and loose.

It can be fertilized a little, only without organic matter, and water should not linger in it. Does not tolerate acidic soils. Flowering of the plant begins after 1.5–2 months after planting.

To prolong the flowering of plants, after the first planting, after a week, you can sow some more seeds, and after one more - the next batch. Thus, Night Violet can be enjoyed until mid-autumn. proper care behind the Night Violet, it becomes very resistant to diseases and pests.

But sometimes the plant can be attacked by such pests as cruciferous fleas, whites and, most often found, caterpillars of cabbage butterflies. To remove all these insects, there are many drugs presented on the shelves of gardening stores.

Application

Night violet is planted near the house or gazebo, in order to enjoy the pleasant smell of this plant every evening. summer period. Also, the night violet can be planted on a loggia or on a balcony, it will grow well even in such conditions. This plant is often used for medical purposes:

• For example, from the seeds you can get a lot useful substances and ingredients to be added to medicines. Often in medicine, this plant is used as a diuretic. Essential oils are found in the leaves of the Night Violet. There are many recipes for making an alcohol-based extract from the leaves. The resulting medicine will have antibacterial properties.

Also insist seeds and leaves together:

• The resulting tincture is good for rheumatism and gout. To prepare such a medicine, you need to take 0.5 teaspoon of seeds and a teaspoon of the plant. Pour this mixture with boiling water, about 0.5 liters, leave for 2 hours. This drug is used 3-4 times a day, 100 ml. But with this plant you should be very careful, as it has poisonous properties. With the wrong dosage, you can get poisoning.

For harvesting the Night Violet, the period from the end of spring to the beginning of summer is selected, at which time the grass is collected for its subsequent drying, while the seeds are harvested when the fruits of this plant ripen, that is, in the fall. There is also another use of seeds, fashionable lately. They are germinated for later use in salads or separate use in food.

Sprouts contain a large number of vitamins A and C, as well as phosphorus, magnesium, iron. Seed sprouts stimulate the appetite and stimulate the restorative functions of the body. So the Night Violet plants bring not only aesthetic pleasure, but can be used as aromatherapy at home, when planted on your plot or on a balcony, or medicinal herb, which will help in some diseases. More information can be found in the video.

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Two-leaved lyubka - Platanthera bifilia, you really won’t find it: it’s harder and harder to find in the forest, in large cities, women of wise age stand at each metro station and sell brooms from these amazing fragrant orchids in the evening. Because of the collection on bouquets and medicinal raw materials once the most numerous representative of orchids ceased to please us next to our homes ... In Eurasia, several types of night violets are common: Far Eastern Lyubka - Platanthera eitremiorientalis, Green-colored Lyubka - Platanthera chlorantha (It also grows in the European part), and 97 more species (a description of some is on the site) of this amazing genus of northern orchids - all of them are also included in the regional Red Books and, in general, are protected - do not tear them, please :). I am walking along a forgotten path. Suddenly it became easy for me. Violets in dense grass.

Matron's Vespers, or Night Violet - Hesperis matronalis L. Motherland - the European part of Russia, Western Siberia, the Caucasus, Asia Minor, the Mediterranean.

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Matiolla (night violet), has a strong pleasant aroma.

Lyubka bifolia is often called Night Violet (Platanthera bifolia).

Night violet flower - a unique aroma in your flower bed

Night because it is at night that it smells especially strong. The night violet smells most strongly in the first minutes of flowering, when it opens its white-greenish corollas in the thick night darkness. The flower has 2 rather large leaves, similar in shape to lilies of the valley. On this basis, the night violet was given the name "double-leaved love." Its leaves, like palms, carefully hold a greenish-white stalk, at the end of which, as if non-melting snowflakes flutter. Examine these flowers and mentally enlarge them - and you will see in front of you a real orchid that gardeners dream about. A delicate aroma, intensifying in the evening, and the white color of the petals, clearly visible at dusk, attract nocturnal butterflies. This plant was nicknamed Lyubka, apparently because they once believed that a drink made from its roots has a bewitching love power. Other names for the night violet are more related to its scent. They call her both field jasmine, and wild balsam, and night spirits, and night beauty, and even “love me - do not leave me” ... “In damp places, where fogs roam, Where dewdrops glisten in the grasses of the edges, You will hear a honey smell at dusk ;"Night Violet" aroma flows. In Brazil, orchids are blooming somewhere. Large, like a butterfly, miracle flowers. But the northern flower is closer to us, dearer ... ”V. Rozhdestvensky. According to legend, during the time of the Zaporizhzhya Sich, the Cossacks wore dried tubers of Lyubka bifolia around their necks, and they saved Cossack lives more than once, returning strength. The Tatars usually stopped pursuing the Cossacks when they left the persecution in the desert steppes, believing that they would die there. However, the Cossacks were saved by the dried tubers of Lyubka, which they chewed. The tubers quenched hunger, thirst, restored strength. The Tatars interrogated rare captives, tried to find out what saves them in the hungry steppe. The Cossacks died, but they did not give out secrets. After some time, the Tatars nevertheless learned about the mysterious properties of Lyubka tubers and began to wear amulets themselves. They said: “To draw white across the sore spot - you will forget that it hurt. Black is for the enemy. Touch the root to him - everything that you wish for him will come true. The girls were given tubers to be loved by the boys. Hence came and Russian name Lyubka. Lyubka two-leaved - a perennial herbaceous plant 25-60 cm high with a few thin roots and two elongated oval tubers the size of a thimble. They serve as storage areas nutrients. One tuber is dying - maternal and young - daughter. The stem is bare, ribbed, erect, with an apical raceme of irregular white flowers. Two basal leaves are brought together in the lower part of the stem, oblong-obovate, 8-18 cm long (with petiole); plates 3-5.5 cm wide, glabrous, glossy, blunt or shortly pointed at the apex, narrowed towards the base into a winged petiole, arcuate. Stem leaves small, underdeveloped. The inflorescence is loose, cylindrical, 6-15 cm long. The flowers have a simple corolla perianth, of 6 leaflets arranged in 2 circles. One outer and 2 inner tepals are turned upward, brought together in the form of a helmet, the rest of the tepals are deflected to the side; the lip (the third leaflet of the inner circle) is linear, 7-9 mm long and 2-2.5 mm wide, a thin curved spur has a greenish and pointed end, 20-30 mm long. The fruits are capsules with very small numerous seeds. Blooms in June - July. The fruits ripen in August. Grows in sparse forests, forest meadows, shrubs (European part of Russia and southern regions of Siberia, North Caucasus, Ukraine).

One of the most charming flowers in the garden is hesperis. Matron's Evening Party(this is how its name is translated from Latin) includes about 30 different species. She meets in wild nature in the Caucasus, the Mediterranean, Western Siberia, as well as in the countries of Eastern Europe.

Cultivation of the plant began in Europe in the 16th century. The flower was brought to our country in the 18th century. Matrona's Vespers decorated the lawns, flower beds and paths of the landowners' estates. Today this beautiful flower used for various compositions in gardens and home gardens. To breed hesperis yourself, you will need to know the features of this process.

general description

Flowers Vespers Matrona (photo presented in the review) are also called night violet. This is due to the intensification of its aroma in the evening. This plant belongs to the genus Cabbage. The stem of the plant can grow up to 1 m in height. It has a little fluff. The stem branches at the top. On these peduncles, lilac inflorescences bloom in clusters.

Violet leaves have a rich green color. They are narrow (no more than 3 cm), but quite long (up to 12 cm). During flowering matron's party vaguely reminiscent of lilac. The buds have four petals. They are located relative to each other crosswise.

The flowering period begins in late spring. It lasts about a month and a half. If hot, dry weather has settled in the yard, the flowering period may be reduced. With their aroma, the buds may resemble the one common in our area. However, these two plants belong to different families. The night violet fascinates with its delicate buds, forcing the gardener to admire it. That is why the popularity of the plant is constantly increasing.

Plant features

Evening Matrona (photo presented below) is a small plant. Her small flowers are quite small. They gather in groups on their branches. The delicate shade of the petals can vary from white to rich lilac.

These small buds exude a dizzying sweet scent. They open up in the evening. All night long they envelop gardens and flower beds with their aroma. This creates an indescribable magical atmosphere on personal plot. In the morning, their sweet smell gradually disappears.

The presented flower is considered a perennial plant. However, with each subsequent year of growth, it will exude less and less aroma. Therefore, the night violet is not grown for more than two years.

Matron's Vespers can be grown not only in but also in tubs on a balcony or veranda. This plant is a honey plant. This allows it to be used as an additive to livestock feed. Also, in many traditional medicine recipes, night violet is used.

Growing and care requirements

Evening Matrona (night violet), photo which is presented below, is an unpretentious plant. It grows in well-lit areas, not afraid of even direct sunlight. In partial shade, the flower also feels great.

The night violet prefers to grow in light, neutral soils with a good drainage system. She also likes fertile slightly alkaline soils. The plant needs regular watering. This is especially felt during the growing season (late spring - early summer). However, the flower does not tolerate waterlogging. Its roots are starting to rot. During the drought period, it also blooms poorly. Therefore, it is necessary to water the night violet in a timely manner, but not too plentifully.

This is hardy flower, which easily survives the winter even without shelter. Only in snowy, but frosty winters, it is recommended to cover the plant with some kind of protective material.

If the stems are tall, they may bend under the weight of their flower stalks. To prevent this from happening, you can tie the plant to a support.

reproduction

Matron's Vespers, cultivation which the gardener performs for the first time, requires him to have minimal knowledge in the field of growing plants in a greenhouse way. To do this, you need to collect seeds. After long period flowering, which ends in mid-June, a fruit in the form of a pod is formed on the stem. It is where the seeds ripen. They are brown in color. Their size is 3 by 1 mm.

The plant can reproduce on the site by self-sowing. However decorative qualities similar night violets may gradually decline. For this plant, it is important to update the planting frequently.

To breed flowers using the seedling method, seeds purchased from a specialized store should be planted in prepared soil in early April. The earth is poured into a container, and then seeds are poured onto it. They pour another layer of soil on them. Its thickness should be 0.5 cm. The soil should consist of peat and humus. This layer is compacted and watered. Seedlings are covered with glass or film.

Growing seedlings

Matron's party, growing from seed which is produced by seedlings, requires the maintenance of certain conditions in the greenhouse. The temperature must be at least 20ºС. Watering should be moderate. The plant cannot be flooded.

If everything was done correctly, after 15-17 days the first shoots will appear. Seedlings are watered, aired. Inside the greenhouse, the specified conditions are maintained until 3 full-fledged leaves appear on the stem. At this time, the night violet can be prepared for transplanting into open ground.

After this process, the plant should take root well. To do this, it is recommended to loosen the soil near the trunk. This will ensure the access of oxygen to the roots, contributes to their full and rapid development. In the first year after transplantation, the plant will not bloom. It builds up mass from sheets. Flowering will take place in next year.

Introducing seeds into the ground

Matron's Evening Party (night violet) propagated by seeds. The division of the bush, cuttings in this case are considered labor-intensive methods. Seeds are purchased in specialized stores. This contributes to the renewal of the view on the site.

Not wanting to grow seedlings, you can make seeds directly into the ground. This method is used both in spring and autumn. In the second option, it is necessary to have time to bring the seeds into the soil before frost. In the spring, the earth should warm up enough. Therefore, it is not worth rushing to land. Some gardeners claim that this procedure can be performed even in late June or early July. At this time, the soil will already be well warmed up.

Seeds are not introduced deep into the soil. The top layer of soil should be no more than 1 cm. The distance between the seeds should be sufficient. After that, the soil must be watered. Next, the seedlings need to provide proper care.

Selecting a landing site

Matron's Evening Party demands from the gardener right choice area for sowing. This may be a shaded area under the trees. In this case, young leaves will not suffer from scorching sunlight. For residents of mid-latitudes, it is recommended to plant seeds in a well-lit area. Shading is preferable in hot climates.

The soil must be dug up well before planting. The soil must be fertile. A good drainage system is also welcome. In this case, the water will not stagnate in the area, the root system of the plant will not rot.

The beds before planting need to be fertilized with organic matter. Mineral supplements are also added. After three weeks or even earlier, the first sprouts should appear. Seedlings need to be thinned out. There should be at least 40 cm between each plant. Then they are watered in a timely manner. At the end of summer, flowers can be transplanted if desired. The flower has no special requirements for the choice of neighbors.

Care

Flowers Vespers Matrona undemanding to air humidity. This is a fairly hardy plant. It grows equally well in both high and low humidity. In general, night violet does not require special care.

In order for the flowering of the plant to be long and beautiful, it is recommended to weed the soil around the stem, water it (but not flood it), and loosen it. You can also periodically apply fertilizer. If the weather is normal, there is no drought or prolonged rains, the flower is watered approximately once a week. The soil around is loosened. It is best to do this procedure in the morning.

The night violet is more afraid of drought than over watering. It is resistant to pests. With excessive watering, the root can rot, and the likelihood of it being affected by earthen fleas increases. However, the flower does not need disease prevention. Fertilizers may not be applied. If the soil is poor, you can feed the flower mineral compositions twice a month.

landscape design

Matron's Evening Party actively used in It is recommended to use in the process of decorating the yard, front garden or walking paths. The plant looks beautiful in the flower garden. Designers recommend planting night violets in groups. They can include up to 10 plants.

During the flowering period, such a concentration of flowers will please the eye with its delicate shade. You can select groups of inflorescences of various shades. This will create an additional decorative effect.

Considering how to grow a flower matron party, each gardener will be able to independently decorate his site with delicate lilac inflorescences.

The matron's supper is also known as "night violet" or "hesperis". This flower became famous in Russia only in the 18th century, although it has been cultivated in Europe since the 16th century. The night violet was admired by Queen Marie Antoinette as her favorite flower. Appearing in Russia, Vespers quickly gained popularity here due to its beauty, unique aroma and unpretentiousness. Currently, there are dozens of species of this wonderful flower.

Plant appearance

Hesperis is a biennial plant, it begins to bloom in the second year after planting. Evening belongs to the cruciferous family, its flowers form inflorescences in the form of a bouquet.

Description of the matron party:

• The stem of the plant is about 1 meter high, slightly inclined downward and branching at the end.
• The leaves are bright green, saturated, elongated (up to 10-12 cm) and narrow (about 3 cm). Top part pointed.
• Tall peduncles bear large clusters of inflorescences. During the period of active flowering, they resemble lilac branches.
• Small flowers with four petals arranged crosswise, colors from white to purple.

In the late evening, flowers exude a surprisingly pleasant, dizzying aroma, which is why the plant was honored with such beautiful name- evening party. It blooms in late spring, and the flowering period lasts a month and a half. On long summer evenings, fragrant flowers attract the most attention. At the end of flowering, pods with small seeds are formed in place of flowers.

Landing and care

One of the advantages of the evening is its unpretentiousness, so growing a flower does not present any difficulties. It can grow equally well in shady places, under the crown of large trees or in open sunny areas. Thus, the place for planting the evening is determined by the personal preference of the gardener, his ideas about harmony and landscape design.

The plant does best in light, neutral soils.. It is important that these are not waterlogged, swampy areas. A fertile slightly alkaline soil is well suited for plant cultivation.

Watering should be given special attention during the period of the greatest flower activity - at the end of May, at the beginning of June. It is important to ensure that the evening plant is watered on a regular and timely basis. However, it is necessary to ensure that the soil is not oversaturated with moisture. In hot and dry summers, it is necessary to water more often and more abundantly so that the plant does not stop flowering ahead of schedule.

Since matron stems are tall, with numerous dense inflorescences, it is necessary to think about the stability of the plants and the prevention of lodging, especially in windy weather. To do this, use supports and garters.

Another advantage of hesperis is its frost resistance. In a snowy winter, the plant is not afraid of even severe frosts, and it does not require special attention. If the thickness of the snow cover is insufficient, it will be useful to cover the evening party in severe cold. But with the onset of spring, it is better to remove excess snow saturated with moisture in order to prevent damage to the violet under its weight.

flower reproduction

The next advantage of the evening is its ability to reproduce by self-sowing, which does not require any action from the gardener. If there is a desire to use the seedling method, then it also does not present any difficulties and is available to anyone, even a beginner grower.

To sow the evening, it is necessary to prepare containers with suitable soil in early April and apply seeds to the surface. From above, cover the seed material with a half-centimeter layer of soil, mixing peat and humus in equal proportions for this. Then the upper layer should be slightly compacted and watered. It remains to cover the boxes with transparent material.

Seed containers are placed in warm room with a temperature of at least 20 degrees above zero and with good lighting, but which is not penetrated by direct Sun rays. Having ensured timely watering, but avoiding overflows, after 15-20 days you can notice the appearance of the first shoots. As soon as young plants acquire three strong leaves, the evening can be planted in open ground.

So that the plant adapts well and takes root, it is necessary to provide air access to the root system, for which the earth around the plant must be periodically loosened. In combination with watering, this method will ensure good survival of plants and their rapid growth.

In the first year, hesperis will acquire lush leaves, and already next spring will please beautiful flowers and great aroma.

The propagation method using seeds can be used in both spring and autumn. In the spring, seeds should be planted in already warmed soil, and in the fall - before the onset of frost.

Plants are used for propagation and methods of grafting and dividing the bush. When cutting, you should choose sprouts that have not yet acquired peduncles. They must be carefully cut and placed in cups for seedlings. In order for the root formation process to go faster, it is necessary to provide the cuttings with a greenhouse effect and water with a root solution.

For reproduction by dividing the bush, the plant is dug up along with the rhizome. With a knife or other sharp object it is divided into several shares and the resulting bushes are again planted to the original depth.

Pests and diseases

Hesperis is a disease resistant plant and is rarely attacked by pests. Yet sometimes its lower leaves can be attacked by caterpillars and slugs. The plant can also attract the attention of the cruciferous flea. You can knock down insects with the pressure of water from a garden hose.

The main enemy of the cruciferous is the quila. Spores of the pathogen can be found in manure or plant debris on the ground. The diseased plant must be removed along with the root and the earth around it.

It is important to monitor the moderate amount of moisture in the soil, since its excess can lead to the illness of the evening party, and in the worst case, to her death.

Use in landscape design

The plant is well suited for planting in groups over a large area. This tall beauty bright inflorescences perfectly visible from a distance. Having arranged the flowers near the picturesque grasses, on the banks artificial reservoirs, can be achieved harmonious combination beautiful visual image and wonderful aroma. Without a doubt, such a site will become a favorite vacation spot.

Thanks to the aroma that intensifies in the evening and at night, this beautiful plant is often planted in places of intended rest to enjoy the fragrance on warm summer evenings.

Beneficial features

In addition to its beauty and pronounced aroma, the plant has other useful properties, allowing the use of its various parts for other needs. So, the flower has found application, for example, in folk medicine. The following practical properties of hesperis can be distinguished:

• The plant is a pronounced honey plant. Flowers will attract the attention of bees and help pollination fruit trees located nearby.
• Hesperis stems contain up to 50% oils and can be used as livestock feed.
• The entire green mass of the matron's evening can be used in folk medicine as having a diaphoretic and diuretic property.
• Night violet flowers can be used to decorate wonderful fragrant bouquets.

Varieties of night violets

Night Violet is the collective name for more than 30 varieties of these perennial plants, belonging to the cruciferous family and fragrant throughout Asia and Europe.

In the middle latitudes, two plants are cultivated - levkoy and hesperis.

Levkoys also have many varieties, the most famous of them are two-horned and gray-haired.

Hesperis, or evening, is also divided into several varieties, the most common of which is Matrona, or ordinary evening. Flowers at the Matron of the evening are of two types. The first - with smooth white flowers, the second - with double, reddish-lilac. The length of the stem in plants reaches one meter, the leaves are oval, elongated, saturated green.

Some other types of night violets are also popular, they can be classified as Siberian evening and dark evening:

• Evening Siberian - the tallest of the family, reaches a height of 1.3 m. The leaves are fleecy, the flowers are pink or white. The plant blooms in early June.
• Evening dark (sad) - a bushy plant about 60 cm high, with a thin stem and small velvety leaves. Flowers change color over time. If at the beginning of flowering they are dark brown or purple, then they turn dark yellow. Flowering begins in late May - early June.

Strictly speaking, the night violet is a plant that, in fact, is not a violet. So the flower began to be called due to the fact that its aroma is very similar to the smell of violets, and since in the evening its incense becomes more saturated, the word "night" appeared in the name.

Nevertheless, the evening flower, with its appearance and aroma, which intensifies with the onset of darkness, deservedly won the hearts of flower growers and is a welcome decoration for them. household plots.

The birthplace of such a plant as Matron's evening, or night violet, is considered to be Western Siberia, the Caucasus and Asia Minor. It refers to perennial crops. Evening Matrona is very often grown as a biennial. It can grow up to 80 cm in height. The leaves of this flower can have a different structure: slightly serrated, lanceolate, sharp and bare. Inflorescences depend on the variety and can be purple, milky and lilac.

The flower is not very large, its size is not more than 2 cm in diameter. The flower has a strong and very pleasant smell. It is especially noticeable after sunset and at night or when there is high humidity outside. Vespers blooms from late May to August. A year after planting, you can see how the first buds are formed. This plant is frost-resistant, and therefore it is highly valued.

Gallery: evening flower (25 photos)

Night beauty in the open field

Matron's Vespers can run wild in the open field. The plant can be formed into group plantations that grow in the shade of shrubs and trees. This flower grows mainly on a moist, fertile and loamy substrate.

To grow this crop, you need to prepare similar conditions. It is desirable that the soil is fertile. It is very important to remember about soil moisture. It is recommended to choose a loamy substrate with necessary quantity humus. The pH level in the soil should be within the following limits: from 7.0 to 7.5.

It is impossible to combine a dry and acidic substrate, because this will slow down the development nocturnal beauties. If the plant is planted in such a substrate, then inflorescences will no longer form in it.

The night violet has a very short rhizome. Before planting, it is necessary to loosen the soil at a depth of 15 cm. To fill the planting hole, you can use humus, sand and soddy soil. It is necessary to plant a plant in a site that is brightly lit, but at the same time there should be periodic shading.

It is necessary to rid the site of weeds and do not forget to loosen the soil located at the base of the crop.

In open ground, Matron's Vespers can be sown with seeds or planted in a grown form. The night violet is very hardy, so it can be transplanted even in flowering form. It is necessary to transplant it when the soil is well moistened, it is advisable to do this after the rainy season.

• The substrate for growing a night beauty should be slightly alkaline, fertile and breathable. This plant will grow very well on a sandy substrate. If you plant a violet in a peat mixture, then its growth will slow down.
• It is possible to fertilize the soil, which is poor in minerals, during the period of vegetative development, no more than twice. Organic fertilizer must be used in the summer, once will be enough.
• If the night violet grows on open ground, then periodically it is necessary to clean the planting area from weeds. They can cause very great harm to small seedlings of the night beauty.

Night violet in a container

The night beauty can often be seen in spring bouquets, for this purpose it is grown in greenhouses and greenhouses. A very popular container violet. To grow an evening, you can use seedling boxes or greenhouses. After the first full-fledged leaves are formed, the plant can be planted in separate pots. Transplant containers should be at least 8 cm in diameter.

Caring for a plant in a pot is no different from caring for a garden night violet. It is very important not to forget about complex fertilizer, moderate watering and loosening the substrate from time to time.

Before planting in a pot, be sure to put a drainage layer. The surface structure of the plant's roots can sometimes squeeze the top layer of the substrate out of the pot. To prevent this from happening, you can use a large capacity instead of a container. Gardeners with experience recommend gently pressing root system into the ground and sprinkle on top with a mixture of sand and humus. After that, it is necessary to press and level the surface.

Pests and diseases

The night violet is a very hardy plant. Evening is very rarely affected by pests. But the lower parts of the plant can be damaged by slugs and caterpillars.

Red-colored fleas can settle on violets, this happens under adverse conditions. You can get rid of insects with the pressure of water from a simple garden hose. And there is also the possibility of the appearance of keel, this pest is the main enemy of red-colored fleas.

Matron's Evening - the scent of a June night

June 14, 2011 Natalia

June - the beginning of flowering matron's party, an old fragrant plant, the smell of which is especially pronounced in the evening and night hours, for which this flower was nicknamed night violet.Although does the evening party look like a violet? It belongs to the cruciferous (cabbage) family and is more similar to matthiola (levkoy), and with violet (Viola odorata), only a pleasant aroma makes the evening tree related. Even more in appearance, the matron's evening reminds panicled phlox.

Maybe that's why in our area these flowers are called not quite euphonious name "bull phlox".Hesperis, or master's party(Hesperis, H. matronalis) - herbaceous perennial plant, grown as a biennial.

In the year of sowing, only a rosette of oval-lanceolate leaves is formed. In the second year, erect graceful stems up to 1 meter high appear, on which racemose inflorescences of flowers with four petals sit.

Flowers can be simple and double, mauve or white. Seeds are sown in May-June or before winter immediately in open ground. And next year, in the spring, the plants are transplanted to a permanent place, at a distance of 35-40 cm.

Terry forms reproduce only by dividing the bush. Growing. The matron's evening prefers a light-loving place, but easily tolerates light shading, and is not demanding for watering. Soils for night violet require loose and fairly fertile.

This plant is absolutely winter-hardy, it does not require any shelters. Evening looks good in groups and arrays in the background of flower beds.

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Do you want to fill your garden with a pleasant scent? Then find in it a place for the evening party or, as it is also called, Matrona's hesperis. The strongest aroma becomes in the evening.

Indeed, Matrona's hesperis can become a real decoration - its numerous flowers, collected in cylindrical brushes, are very spectacular. Evening is cultivated as a biennial plant. It grows in almost any soil, but prefers moist calcareous areas.

Evening can grow both in sunny places and in partial shade, but in the shade it will not bloom well and its bush falls apart. Matrona's Hesperis winters well in the open field, but its counterpart with double flowers winters much worse, rosettes will require shelter for the winter. It is not difficult to propagate Matrona's hesperis. So, the easiest way is seed propagation, seeds are sown in spring, summer or before winter, the depth of embedding in the soil is 5 mm.

You can also propagate the evening by cuttings. For these purposes, the best side shoots, which are formed on the plant after flowering. In general, the evening is quite unpretentious plant, which can be successfully grown in groups at a small distance from the paths in recreation areas. Then, with the onset of the evening, you can enjoy the lovely aromas of this plant.

Read also:

Night violets. Matthiola flower - photo

Beautiful roses, peonies, graceful gladioli or other representatives of the flora, distinguished by bright colors or graceful foliage, will decorate any backyard or summer cottage. But no less popular are plants, the main advantage of which is the charming and unique, light aroma of flowers. These are night violets.

general information

Garden plants with a pleasant fragrant smell have been popular since ancient times. Over time, they do not disappear from the collections of flower growers. Night violets are plants belonging to the large Cruciferous family.

They are represented by annual and perennial species, the peculiarity of which is the delicate fragrant aroma of flowers, which manifests itself after sunset, during the dark period of the day.

Matron's Evening Party

Hesperis, or host's evening, is a fragrant plant known since ancient times. The smell of flowers is greatly enhanced in the evening and at night. For this feature, the plant is called "night violets". They are often grown as biennials.

After sowing the seeds, a rosette of leaves is formed. In the first year, small flower stalks may form. Abundant flowering plant will please only next season.

In the third year, flowering decreases. Therefore, landings are updated. Evening Matrona is a rather tall perennial.

The erect stems can reach seventy-five centimeters in height. The leaves are lanceolate in shape. Four-petal - lilac, pink or snow-white - the flowers are small. Their sizes reach two or more centimeters in diameter.

They are collected in inflorescences. Flowers can be single or double. Terry species with white color of inflorescences are especially popular.

They will delight in flowering for twenty days. At the end of the season, the night violet bears fruit. Seeds ripen in small pods that form after flowering.

Landing and care

Night violets of this species are photophilous. They are planted in well-lit areas. A flower garden located in partial shade is also suitable. The soil should be fertile, slightly alkaline, with good drainage qualities.

Plants of the cruciferous family are not allowed as predecessors. Usually night violets are planted along paths, near arbors and in places of rest. They also grow well on a balcony or loggia. Sowing in open ground occurs in May or June.

The first sprouts will appear in nine to twelve days. The flower garden is watered, avoiding waterlogging. Last year's plantings are thinned out.

Plants are seated at a distance of 35-40 centimeters from each other. Night violets can be planted with pre-grown seedlings. Flower care is simple. The soil is constantly loosened and weeds are removed. Feed with complex fertilizers for flower crops.

This culture is winter-hardy, does not require shelter for the winter. Several types of reproduction are possible - seed and vegetative. At the age of two, division of the bush or cuttings is possible.

Mattiola: description

Representatives of this species are annual plants. In floriculture, matthiola is bicornuate and gray-haired (levkoy). They are easy to care for and grow.

Possess good frost-resistant qualities.

Fragrant favorite of the night

The mattiola bicorn flower, or night violet, is notable for the fact that it blooms in the evening. The night coolness is filled with the fragrant aroma of nondescript flowers. An upright annual plant with a strongly branched stem and small leaves.

The root system is pivotal. Small, inconspicuous flowers with four petals form a racemose inflorescence with a strong pleasant smell. They are painted in pale lilac, white or light yellow.

Night violets are flowers that open in the evening and remain so throughout the night. With the first rays of the sun, they close. The flowering period falls on the first half of the summer period. The fruits of the plant are small seed pods.

They are filled with small seeds, the germination of which lasts for three years.

Varieties of matthiola bicornu

There are different varieties. Let's dwell on a few of them. Matthiola flower "evening fragrance"- an annual plant that does not require special care. The height of the stems reaches fifty centimeters.

Differs in abundant flowering. Small purple flowers open and are fragrant in the evening, while emitting a strong, pleasant aroma. The plant is photophilous. Tolerates light partial shade.

Mattiola "starlight" - annual, the stems of which grow up to forty or fifty centimeters. Flowers of this variety, like all varieties of mattiola bicornu, do not differ in decorative appearance. They are small and inconspicuous, white or yellow.

Dissolve in the evening. They have a strong fragrant aroma.

cultivation

The two-horned mattiola is unpretentious and easy to care for. Planting is done by sowing seeds directly in the flower garden. Depending on weather conditions, sowing can be carried out in late April or early May.

Agricultural technology does not require special skills - it is moderate watering, loosening the soil, removing weeds, fertilizing.

Fragrance and beauty

Levkoy, or matthiola gray, is distinguished by colorful flowering. The aroma of flowers is weaker, in contrast to the first type of this culture. However, this plant is superior to matthiola bicornu according to external data.

Flowers have the correct shape and reach a diameter of five centimeters. They can be simple four-petal or terry, with more than seventy petals. The color of the flowers is white, pink, purple, blue, light yellow.

The flower has large oval-shaped leaves, dark green, slightly pubescent. They are located on branched or single stems, reaching a height, depending on the variety, from thirty to eighty centimeters.

Landing and care

A feature of gray matthiola is that terry varieties are fruitless. Seeds provide simple forms of this culture. Grow levka seedlings.

In closed ground conditions, plastic containers, boxes or pots are used for this. Seeds are sown in the second half of March in previously prepared containers. Fertile soil is disinfected to prevent diseases.

For this purpose, it is calcined or watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Emerging shoots are demanding on lighting. Watering during this period is moderate. When the first true leaves appear, seedlings are fed with complex fertilizer.

In order to prevent diseases, seedlings are watered several times with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Levkoy has three varieties that differ in flowering time: summer form: flowering period - July-August; autumn form: flowering period - August-September; Summer levka is grown in open ground. Sites for it should be well lit, and the soil should be loose and nutritious.

Flower care is quite simple. Strong seedlings develop quickly. Plants require moderate watering, loosening the soil, removing weeds and regular top dressing.

Night violets in landscape design

In the garden, fragrant flowers are frequent guests. They are planted in small groups along the paths. They serve as an excellent decor for small artificial reservoirs.

To create fragrant flower beds and flower beds, night violets are indispensable. The photo shows how you can arrange the plants in the places reserved for recreation. In the evening, you can enjoy the aroma of fragrant flowers if you plant them on the terraces, near the gazebos.

Often, night violets are included in flower arrangements. But at the same time, when creating them, you should choose the right plants.

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General information about the night violet

Night violet has another name for mattiola bicorne. It grows on the territory of the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus. The leaves are small, sharp, the flowers can be double, but simple ones are more common.

It blooms in a delicate purple color and has a pleasant aroma. The flowers are collected in small inflorescences in the form of small brushes. The value of this plant for gardeners lies in the fact that flowering begins in the evening and lasts almost all night.

The night violet is very similar in appearance to the phlox, which is why it is sometimes called "bull phlox". The flowering period takes place in the summer, mainly in June and July. The fruits appear in autumn, these are pods, the length of which is not more than 6 cm.

The pods contain seeds, the number of which can be more than 1500 pieces per 1 gram. Seeds can be stored for 2 years and after this period they will still be viable. It tolerates winter well, even without additional insulation.

Very easy to grow, does not require special climatic conditions. Very unpretentious, which attracted the attention of gardeners of the Eurasian continent.

Types of violets

In nature, there are many varieties of night violets, while gardeners prefer only a few varieties that are most suitable for home cultivation.

• The plant of this variety has stems with strong branching, the height of which can reach 40 - 45 cm. It blooms in a delicate purple color with beautiful dense inflorescences. When flowering, it emits a delicate strong aroma. This variety is the most popular among gardeners due to the delicate color of flowers that open in the evening, and a pleasant aroma.
• This variety of Mattiola grows up to 50 cm in height. Flowers in bloom have a variety of colors. Very much appreciated by gardeners for its aroma, the flowers do not have much beauty. It is recommended to sow at the benches, near the entrance, under the windows.
• This variety is not very tall, the stems grow up to 30 cm in height. It blooms with delicate flowers collected in loose inflorescences. During the day, the plant looks wilted and unattractive, so it is better not to plant them in open flower beds and along paths in the garden, their appearance is not attractive. And in the evening, the plant "wakes up", opens, its appearance becomes fresh, and the flowers exude a delicate pleasant aroma.
• A tall plant variety, the height of the stems can reach 50 cm. The leaves are small, coarsely serrated. It prefers light places for growth. The stems are strongly branched. The flowers are small pale purple, collected in loose inflorescences. Has a pleasant gentle smell.

Flower care and reproduction

Night violet is an unpretentious plant and does not require special care. But when breeding this plant at home, you should follow some rules of care.

• It is worth watering the night violet regularly, but moderately, not more than once a week, especially if the summer is dry. Do not let the soil dry out, but stagnant water is very harmful to the plant. It is very useful to weed the ground around the plants after watering. The watering process is best done in the morning, and in two stages, for a good passage of water into the depth of the soil. It is worth feeding the plant no more than 2 times a month with mineral fertilizers. The night violet loves moist air very much, but even with low humidity it feels great and it does not affect flowering in any way. It coexists well with any plants, although it grows well.

For the winter, the plant can not be insulated, the night violet tolerates cold winters well.

• You can buy Night Violet seeds in almost any store for gardeners and flower growers. To plant seeds, they must be mixed with sand. The sowing period in open ground is the end of April, if the weather is warm, or at the beginning of May, if April turned out to be cold. The planting depth should be minimal, a very good germination percentage if the seeds are sown on top of the ground and sprinkled with 0.5 cm of earth. The distance between crops should be at least 10 cm. The landing site must be chosen light or in partial shade, and in order to subsequently enjoy the aroma of Night Violet, it should be sown near the gazebo or bench.

But if the plants were sown on the open ground in different places on their own, as a result of the flowering of the plant in the previous year, then it is recommended to transplant into a flower bed along with a clod of earth in which the flower grows. The soil for planting Night Violet should be moist and loose.

It can be fertilized a little, only without organic matter, and water should not linger in it. Does not tolerate acidic soils. Flowering of the plant begins after 1.5–2 months after planting.

To prolong the flowering of plants, after the first planting, after a week, you can sow some more seeds, and after one more - the next batch. Thus, the Night Violet can be enjoyed until mid-autumn. With proper care, the Night Violet becomes very resistant to diseases and pests.

But sometimes the plant can be attacked by such pests as cruciferous fleas, whites and, most often found, caterpillars of cabbage butterflies. To remove all these insects, there are many drugs presented on the shelves of gardening stores.

Application

Night violet is planted near the house or gazebo, in order to enjoy the pleasant smell of this plant every evening throughout the summer. Also, the night violet can be planted on a loggia or on a balcony, it will grow well even in such conditions. This plant is often used for medical purposes:

• For example, many useful substances and ingredients can be obtained from seeds to be added to medicines. Often in medicine, this plant is used as a diuretic. Essential oils are found in the leaves of the Night Violet. There are many recipes for making an alcohol-based extract from the leaves. The resulting medicine will have antibacterial properties.

Also insist seeds and leaves together:

• The resulting tincture is good for rheumatism and gout. To prepare such a medicine, you need to take 0.5 teaspoon of seeds and a teaspoon of the plant. Pour this mixture with boiling water, about 0.5 liters, leave for 2 hours. This drug is used 3-4 times a day, 100 ml. But with this plant you should be very careful, as it has poisonous properties. With the wrong dosage, you can get poisoning.

For harvesting the Night Violet, the period from the end of spring to the beginning of summer is selected, at which time the grass is collected for its subsequent drying, while the seeds are harvested when the fruits of this plant ripen, that is, in the fall. There is also another use of seeds, fashionable lately. They are germinated for later use in salads or separate use in food.

Sprouts contain a large amount of vitamins A and C, as well as phosphorus, magnesium, and iron. Seed sprouts stimulate the appetite and stimulate the regenerative functions of the body. So the Night Violet plant brings not only aesthetic pleasure, but can be used as an aromatherapy at home, when planting it on your yard or on a balcony, or a medicinal herb that will help in certain diseases.More information can be found in the video.

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Home>Flower garden> Why is Matrona's party so popular?

night violet, she is Matron's Evening Party, hesperis Matrona (Hesperis matronalis), from the Cabbage family (Cruciferous) - lovely plant growing on our plots. This flower does not strike with the same luxury of flowering as roses or peonies.

But how much charm in the night violet! It harmoniously fits into many garden compositions, creates a background for other plants, keeps for a long time in the cut and looks beautiful in any bouquets. However, the main advantage of Matrona's party is its pleasant aroma, which intensifies in humid cloudy weather and at nightfall (more details can be found in the article “Create your own “Smell Garden””).

Description of the night violet (Matrona's party)

The night violet is grown as a biennial. In good conditions, this unpretentious plant shamelessly weeds. For a distant resemblance to phloxes, Matron's Vespers in a number of places are called ... "bull phloxes." Blooming hesperis by the end of summer can become higher than a meter.

The upper part of the stem is branched. More common is Matron's evening with purple, lilac or pinkish-lilac flowers. Less often - with whites ( nana candidissima). The terry form is derived ( purpurea plena) with double reddish flowers.

However, we are used to seeing hesperis with simple fragrant flowers, whose loose brushes adorn the garden from May to early autumn. The dense rosette of the leaves of Matrona's hesperis can always be recognized by the saturation of the color of the elongated oval-lanceolate leaves. They are dark green, giving off to blue, with slight (sometimes almost imperceptible) pubescence.

Caring for the night violet (Matrona's party)

Place. Hesperis Matrona grows in a bright sunny place or in partial shade. It is better to plant it where in the spring they do not stagnate for a long time. melt water to avoid the appearance of mold and rot on leaves packed with heavy snowdrifts. The soil.

Loose fertile soils are ideal. Better slightly alkaline. In our area, self-sowing Matron's evening grows into tall flowering bushes even "at the foot" of a pile of sand.

Near the recently brought peat, he lives clearly worse. Pruning. In order for the night violet to bloom longer, you need to remove its faded inflorescences. Winter hardiness. Matrona's hesperis often does not freeze, but rots away during a long stay under the snow.

In the spring, you need to remove those leaves that have begun to deteriorate. Diseases and pests. There are no special problems with the night violet.

True, its lower leaves are occasionally eaten by slugs and caterpillars. Cruciferous fleas may also appear, which are easily washed off with water from a hose. Cruciferous keel has not yet been seen.

Reproduction of night violets (Matrona's party)

Night violet seeds are often sold under the names "Matrona's hesperis" and "Matrona's evening". In stores, there are bags of single-color seeds or a mixture of purple, lilac and white color. For example, a mixture of "Inspiration".

Hesperis Matrona should not be confused with an annual mattiola bicornu (Matthiola bicornis) up to 50 cm high, which is also often called the "night violet". Hesperis seeds Matrona are sown in open ground in May - June, in autumn or before winter. Seal depth - 5 mm.

Self-sowing, which appears in various parts of the garden, can be transplanted throughout the summer and in the first half of September, if you dig it out for a guarantee with a clod of earth. In the spring, it is possible to transfer to another place the evening of the second year of life, digging it with the ground.

I have repeatedly transplanted even flowering plants. Matrona's Hesperis is a biennial that blooms in the second year. However, if planted early, the night violet may bloom by the end of the summer of the first year of life. Matron's Vespers is a very resistant plant.

She first appeared on my site many years ago, when I bought a modest flowering bush from my grandmother, who sold plants near the metro station. Hesperis not only survived (although there were almost no roots), but also gave rise to numerous offspring, which continues its genus in modern times. The fruit of the night violet is a pod about 6 cm long.

It produces a lot of brown-brown seeds. I support the "population" of Hesperis very simply: in the fall I cut or break off the stem with pods and put it on the ground on free space in the garden. In the spring there are many seedlings.

Self-sowing occurs in other places, even in a greenhouse. Terry forms are propagated by dividing the bush, which is carried out in August and September. I don’t even know how many Matron’s evening flowers bloom on our site. She is in flower beds, near sea buckthorn, in the garden and vegetable garden.

This is the plant, which does not happen much. © A. Anashina. Blog "Podmoskovye", www.podmoskovje.com