Disguised electrical panel in the hallway: step by step instructions on how to hide the electrical panel. How to open the shield in the entrance without a key General features of floor shields

The main regulatory documents regulating the requirements for electrical safety are the rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE) and the Rules technical operation electrical installations of consumers (PTEEP (put into effect on 01.07.2003)). Switchboard (ShChS) and electric lighting panels (SchO) The entrance door to the switchboard room must be permanently locked, upholstered on both sides with tin with a bend of the tin on the end of the door. On the outside of the entrance door, the purpose of the room, the place where the keys are stored, and a warning sign “Caution! Electrical voltage. There should be no foreign objects in the electrical room, the ceiling lamps on the lamps should be airtight, there should be dielectric rubber mats on the floor near the electrical panels. The electrical room should be equipped with a carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguisher and one pair of insulating gloves. All electrical lighting panels (SchO) must be kept locked at all times. On the outer side of the doors of electrical panels should be marked: the serial number of the shield, the voltage supplied to the shield and the warning sign “Caution! Electric voltage", and on the inside of the doors of electrical panels should be single line diagram power supply to consumers. There should be no debris, accumulation of dust and cobwebs inside the electrical panels. Inputs to electrical panels must be equipped with an RCD.

5. Occupational health and safety

Occupational safety is the state of working conditions, in which the impact on workers of hazardous and harmful factors is excluded. A set of measures to ensure a safe environment educational process must meet the requirements of the state standard "SSBT General requirements to the system of labor protection management in the organization” (GOST R 12.0.006-2002). Primary requirements. The presence of the Rules and magazines for instructing students on safety in the workplace is a prerequisite for organizing, managing and creating safe conditions for the educational process. Occupational health and safety measures should prevent injuries to children in an educational institution. The legislative and normative basis for the activities of the labor protection service is: - The Constitution of the Russian Federation; - Federal law "On the fundamentals of labor protection in the Russian Federation"; - Recommendations on the organization of the work of the labor protection service in organizations, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated February 8, 2000 No. 14; - Order of the Ministry of General and Vocational Education of the Russian Federation "On the labor protection service of educational institutions" dated March 11, 1998 No. 662; - Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation "0 to the labor protection service" dated February 27, 1995 No. 92; - Labor Code of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2001 No. 197-FZ (section "Labor protection") Based on these documents, the school developed documents on labor protection: - Regulations on the labor protection service in an educational institution; - Regulations on the commission on labor protection; - Regulations on the work of the authorized person for labor protection; - Regulations on administrative and public control over labor protection. Organizational orders on labor protection were issued: - Order on the appointment of responsible persons for the organization of work safety; - Order on training and testing knowledge on labor protection with employees; - Order on the appointment of a person responsible for the electrical facilities of the school; - Order on organization fire safety other. Plans have been drawn up: - A plan of organizational and technical measures to improve the conditions of labor protection, the health of workers and children; - Action plan for the prevention of child road traffic injuries; - Action plan for fire safety. Acts, agreements, programs, instructions on labor protection, job duties of employees on labor protection were drawn up. All employees of the educational institution, in accordance with the law, the requirements of GOST 120. 004-90, are briefed on labor protection and fire safety (introductory (when hiring), primary briefing at the workplace (before the start of production activities), repeated (upon the program of primary briefing at the workplace, on job responsibilities for labor protection, instructions for labor protection at the workplace, 1 time in 6 months), unscheduled (when new or revised instructions for labor protection are put into effect, in case of violation of labor safety requirements that led to injury, accident, fire), target (before performing one-time assignments, events)). Organized training and testing of knowledge on labor protection, which is held once every three years, and for newly hired - within a month from the date of employment. Occupational safety training is one of the most important moments in ensuring occupational safety and health, preventing industrial injuries and occupational diseases. Article 225 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides that “all employees of an organization, including its head, are required to undergo labor protection training and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Modern apartments, as a rule, are equipped with individual electrical panels. But the inhabitants of the old houses were not so lucky. The equipment is brought to the landing, and is designed for two, three and even four neighbors. The owners do not have the key to the shield. In case of knocking out traffic jams or life-threatening situations (for example, a fire), it is very difficult for them to get to the knife switch.

What is an electrical panel?

A modern electrical distribution board in a residential or working area is a compact, convenient and outwardly aesthetic panel, which is intended for modular mounting on this panel special devices, serving to ensure reception electric current from external and common high-voltage networks, as well as current distribution through the internal electrical network apartments, houses or cottages.

The purpose of the switchboard is to control the admission of electricity to the apartments, and take into account the amount of its consumption. In addition, he is also responsible for the devices of the telephone and Internet networks.

General features floor boards:

they are old (found in houses built in the last century) and new (in modern buildings), their difference in the internal structure system;
each of them has at least two, and more often three compartments: one of them contains electricity meters, and the other is responsible for devices operating from low currents (Internet, telephone); any compartment is equipped with its own lockable door;
the compartment with metering devices should be equipped with special windows, from which the indicators of the devices are clearly visible;
the material for the shield in the entrance can only be metal with a set of necessary properties;
to install it, choose a recess in the wall on landing;
sashes open freely at an angle of 95 degrees;
access for outsiders to the device of the shield is limited by means of a lock, the key is kept by the attendant apartment house electrician.
Types and types of electrical panels.

Surely, more than once they met abbreviations like: SHCHE, VRU, OSCH, etc. on the shields. all these intricate letters hide the essence of the devices, which is known to those who directly serve them, and sometimes even those who serve the switchboards get so used to the abbreviation that they do not think about their purposes. So, let's start considering the types and types of electrical panels from the main shield, the "king" of the shield ones.

Main switchboard (MSB).

The main switchboard is designed for input of power supply lines, electricity metering and distribution of supply lines for facilities. The device also serves to protect against short circuits and overloads in power supply networks. If we consider the hierarchy of switchboards, then the main switchboard is at the highest level. Main

the switchboard is most often located on the territory of a transformer substation (TP), boiler houses, and industries.

Introductory switchgear (ASU).

The device, which includes a complex of electrical automation and structures, is used to receive input power cable, distribution of supply lines for ShchE, ShchK, ShchO, VRU, electricity metering, protection of lines from overloads and short circuits. Installed at the input of residential, public buildings, as well as in industrial premises(shops).

Emergency input of a reserve (ATS).

The ATS shield is equipped with special automation. The ATS switches power from the main source to an additional source (generator) in the event of a failure of the main electricity supplier. After the accident is eliminated, the AVR will switch from the generator to the main line and after a few minutes the generator will be stopped. It is used in industrial, commercial, communal buildings, as well as in cottages.

Board floor (ShE).

Used in residential and administrative buildings for the distribution of electricity to 1 - 6 apartments.

The SC is mainly divided into three sections:

Distribution compartment (modular automation for groups of electrical circuits).
Accounting compartment ( electric meters).
Subscriber compartment (telephone, intercom, TV, radio, etc.).

Shield apartment (SC).

As a rule, it is located at the entrance to the apartment in the hallway area. The main purpose of the switchboard is electricity metering, distribution of group power lines in the apartment, modular automation protects the electrical circuit from overloads and short circuits. ShchK are consignment note and indoor installation, metal and plastic versions.

The apartment shield is subdivided:

ShchKU - residential accounting shield.
ShchKR - residential switchboard.

Lighting shield (OSCH).

Lighting boards are installed in administrative, commercial and office space, for infrequent operational switching on and off of automation. SCHO protects outgoing lines from overloads and short circuits.

Lighting boards are divided into:

OSHV (lighting shield with a switch).
UOSCHV (recessed lighting panel with a switch).

Control panel (ShU).

The switchboard is used to control automation, which are responsible for such mechanisms as: ventilation, heating, fire alarm etc. Adjustment of parameters is carried out manually.

How to open the electrical panel without a key yourself?

Familiarize yourself with the location and purpose of the driveway doors. Usually there are three. On the left are two doors: horizontal, and under it - square. Behind the first of them are automatic machines, and behind the second - electric meters. On the right is one vertical door, behind which low-voltage devices are placed, for example, antenna amplifiers and splitters, telephone terminal blocks. Sometimes there are shields of a different configuration. 2
Examine the locks on each of the doors. If they are equipped with protruding rectangular plates, any of them can be opened using pliers. The horizontal position of the plate corresponds to vertical position tongue (lock open), and vice versa, when the plate is vertical, the tongue is in horizontal position(lock closed). During overhauls the front panels of the access shields are sometimes changed to new ones, where locks are installed, similar to those used in mailboxes. In this case, residents are most often given keys only to the door with automatic machines. Open and close it just like a mailbox.
When any of the doors is open, observe the following rules. Do not touch any metal objects inside the shield, even if you are sure that high voltage missing on them - this may not be the case. Do not attempt to dismantle any items that do not belong to you. This even applies to the meter through which your apartment is connected - often it is the property of the power supply organization. Do not carry out any actions aimed at stopping or rewinding the meters, do not remove the seals from them. Do not turn off the machines through which other apartments receive electricity, except when necessary, for example, due to a fire or an electrical injury received by one of the neighbors.
If there are electronic meters with controls, you can, by opening the corresponding shield door, press the buttons located on them in order to find out the electricity consumption for the previous months, at different times of the day. Do this carefully so as not to touch nearby live parts. The procedure for controlling counters using the buttons is described in his instructions. It is not possible to rewind or stop it from the keyboard. Do not press the buttons on the counters of the neighbors.
If it is necessary to repair the electrical wiring, open the door behind which the machines are located. Find two of them marked with the same numbers as your apartment number. Having previously turned off computers and other devices that do not tolerate a sudden blackout, check through which machine the chandeliers are powered, and through which sockets. AT emergency turn off the machines immediately, without waiting for the computers to turn off.
Please note that the bell and socket between the bathroom doors are usually powered through the same machine as the chandeliers. During the repair of the wiring, a person should stand next to the shield, making sure that no one approaches the shield and resumes the supply of electricity. Turn off and on the machines carefully so as not to touch their clamps and bare wires.
After completing work with the devices located in the shield, be sure to close all its doors and lock them.

Preventive electrical inspection

Checking the operation of the floor board should be carried out by a specialist from management company, in the statement of which the apartment building is located, at least once a year.

Unfortunately, this rule exists only in words. In life, the master comes to the call only after a breakdown or an emergency, and you want to avoid both. Or, let's say you buy an apartment and you need to assess the condition of the wiring.

You can carry out a preventive examination yourself, most importantly, follow the safety requirements.

For an independent audit of the access shield, follow these step-by-step instructions:

Inspection external state devices. Everything is fine if it does not have serious cracks, chips and other defects, and the lock on the door closes tightly with a key.
Assessment of the condition of internal devices. The machines must be marked, and the cables and wires must be clearly and clearly signed.
serviceability contact connections.For junctions of wires with metal, the following rules apply: check for rust; inspect bolted connections for the presence of a washer, and it is better to tighten the wrenches. After that, pay attention to the wire connections to the automatic meters.
Operation of switchboards. After all contacts are checked, nuts are tightened and bolts are tightened, it is necessary to check the serviceability automatic devices. Return voltage to the electrical panel and turn on all automatic devices.

Further, everything is very simple. Press the test button ("test"). Devices that continue to work are faulty and need to be replaced. Before testing, you need to make sure that the contacts do not leave, otherwise the result will be unreliable.

Anton

Everything opens with a standard shield key. We have 2 types of them - one as for ancient castles with a beard and the second is just a figured piece of iron. Both types are sold in hozmagah or from huckster-keys in the market.

Konstantin

Indeed, there is no reception against scrap))))))) then those who will repair the shield will come to the forum.

Kolesnichenko Margarita

Screwdriver or something that has a flat shape

Burglars open doors different ways up to and including explosives. I don't yell. Here the approach is the same. Start with gentle ways and move on to rougher ones. Explosives are unlikely to be needed. Rough should include crowbar and drilling.

[email protected]

According to the idea, the key should be in the management company (in the housing office, for example).

Vadik

You can try to pour the solvent into the keyhole or not concentrated acid. "vdshka" is not sure what to do. Go to the housing office to complain. If there is an electrician in the same panel, then they must fix it themselves.

Yuri Morozenkov

pliers

Olga Kuznetsova

I opened it with my mailbox key. Uncle from the Future...

With a crowbar or a fitter :)))))) But in general, just press the door in the place of the lock and pull it back in the middle .... once and done... Just do not forget to close the back, otherwise they will be penalized :)))))) Or you can turn the entire lock with a powerful screwdriver. . but this is only if the lock tongue is rotary and not retractable ....

findings

To answer the question: how to open the shield in the entrance without a key, you need to try the following method.

In addition to the master key, a flat screwdriver is also suitable. It must be thin. Insert into the lock and try to turn. In most cases, it turns out with simple mechanisms.
If this the padlock, then you can try physical strength and scrap. padlocks are easily opened with a mechanical lever or a master key. If the question further arises: how to open the electrical panel in the entrance without a key, then you just need to contact the specialists. Today there are companies that specialize in opening locks various types without a key and without damaging the locking mechanism.

Switch box- an integral part of the house, but, unfortunately, unattractive. At beautiful renovation hallway, this object will stand out and spoil the whole view. Usually, it doesn't look small enough to hide, but big enough to be noticed.

Often, it is left on the wall to stand out and spoil the appearance of the apartment. But there are many interesting and easy ways to hide your eye shield. No one will even guess that instead of this original thing, an unsympathetic and overweight electrical panel hangs.

There are many different simple ways in order to disguise the electrical panel in the hallway. They are suitable for both creative people, and for those who do not like to invent something new.

Electrical panel - you need to know the enemy in person

First, it is worth understanding why this object is located in the apartment. It's simple, the electrical panel distributes electrical energy and ensures the safety of the inhabitants of the house.

The electrical panel helps in the household, being responsible for electricity. It prevents overloads and supplies electricity, distributing it evenly throughout the apartment to avoid short circuits and overloads.

AT old times electrical panels were large, had a lot of tangled wires. They were scary to look at, let alone use. Fortunately, evolution does not stand still and has taken care of the compact and safe form of the modern electrical panel. Now he is the way we see him.

Secondly, it should be noted that electrical panels are different and depend on the installation, which happens:

outdoor (used most often and protrudes above the surface of the wall);
internal (after installation it is necessary to brick up).

Switchboards with outdoor installation residents can install themselves, which helps with the process of hiding it. It is possible to think over and place it exactly as necessary for its disguise.

Before you install the electrical panel yourself, you must consult a qualified specialist.

The switchboard, decorated beautifully, expressively and creatively, will no longer be an enemy in the house, but will become a pleasant addition to the interior, so you should take this issue creatively and boldly.

How is the electrical panel most often masked?

There are many ideas for designing an electrical panel so that it looks good in the hallway. It depends on the possibilities and the creative component. Everyone uses a method that suits the nature, interior and complexity of the work. A method that is not always difficult to implement will be better than an easy one as a result.

Hide the shield by attaching a key holder to it - the most practical and popular way. You can buy or personally make a key holder, which then you just need to attach to the electrical panel door. It will look interesting, as well as be practical. You can store the keys without fear of losing them and have easy access to the electrical panel.

One of the simplest and most commonly used methods is to wallpaper and extend a wall or closet. This easy way and affordable, because wallpaper often remains after repairs. The shield, which stands out less on the wall, will be invisible under the wallpaper.
For creative people, for example, artists, painting an electrical panel with paints is suitable. It will look fresh and creative. The painting can be unusual, or just paint the electrical panel to match the interior. There are so many drawing techniques that will always look beautiful and hide an ugly box.

Another interesting and noteworthy a way to mask the electrical panel - with a mirror. It is quite simple, and the result is pleasing:

Fix the mirror on the door with glue, double sided tape or in any other way of your choice;

glue the edges with cardboard, cloth or other material using a glue gun;
arrange the result as you like fantasy.

In such a case, there are no restrictions. There are a variety of ideas for creating beautiful and unusual things that will fit perfectly into the hallway and hide an unpleasant object.

Errors when masking the electrical panel

Even if there are no restrictions for imagination, it is worth noting that ideas may not always be convenient or practical. Mistakes are often made that result in wasted money, broken furniture, or misperceptions of size. It is important to think through each step so as not to be upset later.

Mistake #1. Practicality

The electrical panel is often masked by cabinets. It is mounted in cabinets, breaking rear walls, are installed behind cabinets, but this is impractical, because at the right time it will be difficult to get close to it, and the cabinet will be damaged.

Just like wallpapering, this leads to the fact that the electrical panel will be unavailable at the necessary moment. Tear and cut work to hide the electrical panel will lead to initial stage disguise work.

The shield should be camouflaged so that it is easy to reach when needed.

Mistake #2. Dimensions

If you make an extension, then you should pay attention to the size of the idea. Given that the shield is at some distance from the wall, then the extension built around it will be larger in size. It is important to correlate the extension plan with the dimensions of your hallway so that you do not have to beat on it or redo it.

Overall extensions for masking the electrical panel can be turned into bedside tables, inside of which the shield is hidden, and outside it is a beautiful, practical object.

Mistake #3. Quality

It makes no sense to save on materials for a good idea. It will be more expensive if you have to redo it. The disguise must withstand time and use. If the thing made quickly breaks or deteriorates, then there will be only negative emotions from the work.

Its appearance will depend on the quality of the work. Sloppy work will lead to a bad result, which may look even worse than it was before.

The challenge is to make the new refined interior the hallway was not overshadowed by an eye-catching box or awkward work.

It is necessary to make sure that the layer is well adhered before painting it or gluing the next one.

How to hide the electrical panel: step by step instructions

There are many ways and ideas to mask the electrical panel, but there are few words about their implementation at home. There is no single exact instruction for all methods, but there is important points, which you need to pay attention to before starting work on masking the electrical panel.

If these aspects are not thought through, then this can lead to errors that stop or ruin the work:

Having decided on the idea and having an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat should happen, it is necessary to prepare the materials that will be needed.
Based on the above errors, you should not use unreliable materials. Care should be taken to ensure that the place where the process will take place is suitable for dirty work, if any. It is necessary to glue the walls, cover the furniture, so as not to stain or spoil anything.
You should work slowly, think about what should be done first. Wipe the electrical panel (box, not what's inside) so that dust and lint do not spoil the work after.
After finishing creative process carefully remove workplace and compare expectations with the reality that turned out in the course of work.

3 ideas for an extraordinary design of a hidden electrical panel

Draw attention to your interior unusual ideas. There is an opportunity to dilute the boring, boring atmosphere. It is worth coming up with something more interesting than just painting the electrical panel. creative ideas designs are always captivating and enthralling.

Often for the realization of the most beautiful or interesting ideas use the simplest materials at hand. It is not necessary to purchase unusual boards or fabrics, which, in addition to appearance, are no different from ordinary similar materials. You can use what you have at home.

Each has individual creative ideas that can be implemented at home.

A sketch of an idea that you would like to turn into reality will help you plan for its implementation in the future.

Idea #1

It looks beautiful and unusual, and most importantly interesting. If the house has Small child, then it will be an additional plus, because children love big, bewitching, creative work Houses. This idea is made with the help of paints. An example of an atypical work of a typical idea.

Such a wonderful work can be diluted with several interesting solutions:

Make a fence out of thick cardboard or an unnecessary box: cut out the shape of the fence that will fit in the hallway, stick it to the wall and paint it. Thus, the fence will look more realistic and remarkable.
A tree trunk can also be made from thick cardboard or a box, but add twine. Glue the thread to the cardboard, paint and stick the design on the wall. Such a simple idea will bring naturalness to the tree in the form of bark imitation, which will look atypical.
Leaves can be taken real. Dry and stick, but this is a very painstaking work that requires attention and patience. Another option is to color the leaves in desired colors and print on the wall, which will look unusual and beautiful.

A good solution would be to create a layout on which you can make a smaller version of the idea for clarity.

Idea #2

It is easier to hide an electrical panel that is built into the wall than an electrical panel that is a few centimeters above the wall surface. For such shields, it is not necessary to invent designs, and the costs will be less.

The easiest way to hang a picture is to cover an unwanted object from your eyes. The picture is selected a little more than a visor to hide for sure. It can be a landscape, a portrait, anything that suits the interior in the hallway.

Alternatively, take a look at the photos. Depending on the size of the switchboard, it is worth considering the size of the collage. There are many ready-made interesting photo collages for sale, but why waste money when you can create everything yourself? There are many impressive and fascinating works that can be repeated. Is it worth repeating someone else's work when you can create your own masterpiece?

It is necessary to draw up a sketch and select materials immediately before the work itself.

Creating a collage of photos is very simple, and then the impression will be pleasant:

The size of the base is measured, which will cover the electrical panel. The basis can be any solid flat thing (box, plastic, glass). You can cover the base with fabric, paint it or leave it in its original state.
Selected photos can be freely processed (make a variation of the frame for each, stick funny or romantic phrases, stick clippings from magazines).
The next step, without gluing, is to place the photos on the base. There may be additional clippings, significant things, drawings that need to be placed as planned.
Carefully, step by step, glue photos and other materials to the base.

When gluing materials to the base, you should not move the rest to the side so as not to confuse the composition. After gluing the thing, gently wipe it with a napkin so as not to stain anything.

Idea #3

The method of masking the electrical panel using a locker is simple. It is necessary to choose the right, in size, locker and install. But such a locker in the hallway can stand out, or be out of place. Therefore, you should make a little more effort so that it fits beautifully into the interior and does not look boring.

There are no less options for decoration than for decorating one door for an electrical panel mounted in a wall. They are easy to implement, therefore, even for people who do not like creativity, they will do, and the result will make you proud:

It will look beautiful if you attach a mirror to the door. If the locker is already with a mirror, then this is also a field for action. The mirror can be played beautiful stones, interesting clippings, drawings or photographs.
A locker without a mirror has a little more room for action. Here, a collage of photographs will look non-standard. Just paste over the locker with photos and additional materials that fit the topic. It will look nice and family-friendly.
From the locker you can make a reminder board. You just need to glue the locker with material, then paint it, if necessary, decorate the sides of the cabinet beautifully with clippings, stones, drawings. Attach sheets to the door, for example, from a block, so that you can easily tear it off. Before leaving the house, it will be possible to read all the reminders that you might accidentally forget.

Any design of the locker should be done before hanging on the wall, hiding the electrical panel.

Conclusion

Of course, these are not all the ways in which you can disguise the electrical panel in the hallway. There is a wide variety of them, they are born during the creative process of decorating the hallway, they require strength and patience, but they amaze and delight with their result.

It is equally easy to hide the electrical panel of outdoor or indoor installation. It is important to think over the sketch, prepare competently for work, patiently and slowly implement the plan and enjoy the result.

Modern apartments, as a rule, are equipped with individual electrical panels. But the inhabitants of the old houses were not so lucky.

The equipment is brought to the landing, and is designed for two, three and even four neighbors. The owners do not have the key to the shield.

In case of knocking out traffic jams or life-threatening situations (for example, a fire), it is very difficult for them to get to the knife switch.

The absence of a key in the public domain is explained by the security of the residents themselves. People without special skills are at risk of hurting high voltage wires which could end badly for them.

General features of floor shields:

they are old (found in houses built in the last century) and new (in modern buildings), their difference is in the internal structure system;
each of them has at least two, and more often three compartments: one of them contains electricity meters, and the other is responsible for devices operating from low currents (Internet, telephone); any compartment is equipped with its own lockable door;
the compartment with metering devices should be equipped with special windows, from which the indicators of the devices are clearly visible;
the material for the shield in the entrance can only be metal with a set of necessary properties;
to install it, choose a recess in the wall on the landing;
sashes open freely at an angle of 95 degrees;
access for outsiders to the device of the shield is limited by means of a lock, the key is kept by an electrician serving an apartment building.

And yet, it is very inconvenient after each case of broken traffic jams to invite the master.

Types of electrical panels

The shield is needed to distribute the voltage across all electrical systems that are connected to it. The automata mounted in the device are used to turn on / off the current and protect against small accidents and short circuits.

Switchboards for entrances are made of metal, and for individual apartments– made of fire-resistant plastic.

The storey version combines several functions at once: energy distribution to all apartments on the landing and accounting for consumed electricity.

However, there are panels without meters, they are installed in the apartment and are called group distribution.

The inhabitants of new buildings are lucky, their electrical panels are located directly on the occupied living space. They do not need to be opened without a key, as it is included in the kit.

But what about the neighbors in the old house? How to open the electrical panel without a key yourself?

Procedure

Strictly observing the following instructions, you can open the shield without harm to health:

First, figure out what series the device is installed in your entrance. How many leaves does it contain. A standard electrical panel has 3 of them:

the long door on the right - there are low-voltage connections for the phone and the Internet;
rectangular top left - automatic switches are located behind it;
square at the bottom left, equipped with special windows - contains electric meters for each of the apartments on the site.

Determine the types of locks on each of the wings. If they are made in the form of plates protruding forward, it will not be difficult to open them. For this, ordinary pliers are suitable. By the position of the plate and tongue, you can determine whether the lock is closed with a key or not. Sometimes, locks on electrical panels are installed the same as on mailboxes. In this case, each tenant receives his own key and can easily use it.
After you managed to open the first sash, follow the safety rules and do not harm the property of the management company, namely:

do not touch the wires and metal parts in the shield, they may be under high voltage;
do not repair the system yourself, even if you have basic electrical skills;
do not attempt to stop or turn off the meter, or apply any external influence, it is owned by the management company and for its breakdown you may be held liable under the law;
do not cut off the power supply to other apartments, except in cases of emergency, for example, if one of the residents is struck by an electric shock.

If your panel is equipped with electronic meters, using special buttons you can get information about the electricity used (per month, day or night). At the same time, it is worth overcoming your curiosity and not climbing into the devices of your neighbors. The buttons must be pressed with the greatest care so as not to touch the current conductors. How to use electronic meters correctly should be detailed in the instructions located next to the shield. Using the system, you can only get acquainted with the incoming data, but you cannot change the readings or stop the meter.
To troubleshoot electrical wiring problems, do the following without waiting for the arrival of a professional:

open the sash, the one with machine guns (yours should be marked with the appropriate numbers, they match the apartment number);
before turning off the power, be sure to unplug computer equipment and others from the sockets, the operation of which may be affected by a sudden blackout;
determine which of the machines is responsible for the sockets;
in emergency situations, it is necessary to cut down the machines immediately, regardless of the type of operating devices.

Before carrying out repair work with wiring, you need to take care of the safety of the masters. For this, a person must be on duty next to the shield, who will not allow the electricity to be turned on.
Upon completion of all work on the devices in the panel, restore the power supply and securely close all doors with a lock.

Preventive electrical inspection

Checking the operation of the floor board should be carried out by a specialist from the management company, in the statement of which the apartment building is located, at least once a year.

You can carry out a preventive examination yourself, most importantly, follow the safety requirements.

For an independent audit of the access shield, follow these step-by-step instructions:

Inspection of the external state of the device.

Everything is fine if it does not have serious cracks, chips and other defects, and the lock on the door closes tightly with a key.

Assessment of the condition of internal devices.

The machines must be marked, and the cables and wires must be clearly and clearly signed.

Serviceability of contact connections.

For junctions of wires with metal, the following rules apply:

check for rust;
inspect the bolted connections for the presence of washers, and tighten the nut better.

After that, pay attention to the wire connections to the automatic meters.

Operation of switchboards.

After all contacts are checked, nuts are tightened and bolts are tightened, it is necessary to check the serviceability of automatic devices. Return voltage to the electrical panel and turn on all automatic devices.

Marking cables and wires in the electrical panel

For safety and to make work easier professional electrician, the shield at the entrance has a generally accepted marking.

The technical operation document clearly spells out the basic principles.

His name should be on the box of the shield.
Inside is a piece of paper with a printed table. It indicates the number of sockets and sockets for chandeliers that consume electricity on the floor.
To the shield without fail, a diagram of the device and assembly is attached.

The rules are spelled out in PTEEP:

all wires, cables and electrical circuits common use subject to labeling;
the name of the group circuits is applied on top of the circuit breaker or on free place in the shield (marks may contain a digital designation, the name of the room, and more);
if inscriptions on the described devices are not possible, the information is entered in the technical data sheet.

According to GOST 23594-79:

for marking use special tags (PVC tubes), and in their absence, PVC tape;
tag length - 2.5 cm and above;
inscriptions must be clearly visible and understandable;
it is possible to mark the insulated part of the wire or cable.

Electricity distribution boards are not a toy and require a serious attitude.

It is unacceptable to break the lock in the absence of a key, bending the door or using a crowbar. In this case, it will be difficult to close it back.

It is impossible to keep the electrical panel in the public domain. In the future, this could cause serious injury to bystanders, including curious children.

In case of problems with the floor device, it is better to contact a specialist, and make a duplicate key for yourself in case of broken traffic jams or an emergency.

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