Cherry plum peach description. Cherry plum Kuban comet - excellent taste and abundant harvest. Varieties for the middle band with a photo

Cherry plum is a fruit tree belonging to the plum genus. Its homeland is the territory of southwestern Asia (Syria, Iran, Turkey, India). In Russia, this tree is widespread in the mountain forests of the South Caucasus.

The southern origin helps cherry plum to easily endure drought and heat. When the plant fell into the middle and northern latitudes countries, it turned out that it also feels good at low temperatures.

Cherry plum not only quickly adapts to different climates, but also brings a rich harvest. One large tree per season can produce up to 150 kg of fruit. The plant begins to bear fruit profusely two years after planting.

Cherry plums easily crossbreed with most other types of plums. This feature of the plant helps breeders to develop new varieties. Now there are more than 200 cultivars. All of them differ in color, shape and size.

Cherry plum varieties for the middle lane

- a stunted tree growing up to three meters. This tree grows large fruits red in size egg– weight 40 gr. The Kuban comet brings a good harvest every year. Up to 10 kg can be harvested from young varieties, and mature trees produce 50 kg of fruit. Plums ripen in mid-July.

- an early ripening tree, reaching two meters in height. This variety was bred from the seeds of the Kuban comet. It has the same large fruits of bright yellow color - weight 35 gr. A medium-yielding tree gives up to 30 kg. The fruits ripen and are ready for harvest at the end of June.

- a mid-season tree, not exceeding two and a half meters in height. Many sweet fruits grow on short branches big size with a dark purple color - weight 55 gr. Fruiting is plentiful, every year it will be possible to collect up to 60 kg of crop. The fruits ripen in early July.

- the variety ripens quickly, reaches two and a half meters in height. The tree begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting. Grow on spreading branches small fruits yellow - weight up to 22 gr. Royal cherry plum brings a stable and rich harvest of sweet-sour fruits. They sing at the end of June.

Mid-season variety, growing up to four meters. The tree begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. Large yellow fruits with a purple blush grow on the branches - weight up to 30 g. The tree bears fruit abundantly, gives up to 50 kg of sweet and sour fruits. Harvest is ready for harvest at the end of July.

- ripens late, reaches up to three meters in height. The tree bears fruit two years after planting. Many fruits of medium size yellow color appear on the branches - weight 25 g. Fruiting is stable, every year the tree brings up to 40 kg of sweet and sour fruits. Harvest can be collected at the end of August.

- ripens early, grows up to three meters. The tree begins fruiting two years after planting. Large sweet and sour fruits of dark red color grow on the branches - weight up to 35 g. Yields are low but stable. It will be possible to collect up to 10 kg of fruit from a tree. They ripen at the end of June.

- an early ripening tree, reaching three meters in height. Fruit grows on the branches small size with a violet-pink tint - weight 25 gr. Fruits steadily, each year brings up to 40 kg of plums. Harvest can be harvested at the end of June.

- mid-season variety, reaching three meters in height. The first fruiting of the tree begins three years after planting. Large sweet and sour fruits of dark red color grow on the branches - weight up to 35 g. The variety brings abundant yields up to 60 kg. The fruits ripen in mid-July.

- ripens late, grows up to two meters. Begins fruiting in the second year after planting. Large sweet and sour fruits of red-brown color grow on the branches - weight up to 40 g. This variety brings a good harvest. Up to 60 kg of fruits can be picked from a tree. Ripening occurs in the second half of August.

Mid-season variety, growing up to two meters. The tree is ready for the first fruiting three years after planting. Large fruits grow on the branches red-violet color– weight up to 45 gr. This variety gives bountiful harvest. It will be possible to collect up to 50 kg of sweet and juicy fruits from a tree. Ripening time - mid-August.

– early ripe variety growing up to two meters. The period of the first fruiting comes four years after planting. Has large sweet and sour fruits red-yellow color– weight up to 35 gr. This variety brings up to 40 kg of yield. The fruits begin to ripen in early June.

- an early ripe variety that grows up to five meters. The tree brings its first harvest five years after planting. Large and sweet fruits grow on the branches orange red– weight up to 55 gr. About 60 kg can be collected from a tree per season. The fruits ripen in the first half of July.

- ripens late, reaches four meters in height. It bears fruit in the fourth year after planting. The fruits are large, dark purple, have a sweet and sour taste - weight up to 40 grams. This variety brings up to 40 kg of fruit each year. Harvest is ready for harvest in September.

- a tall tree, resistant to cold snaps and any diseases. This variety brings the harvest in late August. The fruits are very large - some specimens weigh about 90 grams. If the harvest is rich, the weight of the fruit becomes less than 50-60 grams. They ripen by the end of August, acquiring a black and purple color.

The common name for varieties of plums that have red foliage. Among them there are big trees and medium sized shrubs. It is used not only as a decorative decoration of the garden. Many species have large and sweet fruits. Red-leaved varieties are rarely affected by diseases and tolerate frost well.

– ornamental variety tree growing up to five meters. The crown is spreading with dark purple shoots and foliage. It tolerates winter well and does not require special care. This variety brings every year large and juicy fruits of red color.

- an early ripening variety that grows up to six meters. It has a sparse and spreading crown. The first harvest is given in the fourth year after planting. Medium-sized fruits of a light red hue - weight up to 30 gr. Harvest can be harvested in early June.

- mid-season variety, reaching six meters in height. Needs to good insulation for the winter. Large fruits of red-violet color grow on the branches - weight up to 50 g. The tree brings up to 30 kg of yield. The fruits ripen in the second half of August.

- late-ripening variety, growing up to four meters. Begins to bear fruit in the fourth year after planting. The fruits are large dark red in color - weight up to 30 gr. The yield is small, but stable up to 30 kg. You can collect fruits in early September.

Cherry plum planting and care in the middle lane

Choosing planting material, carefully examine the structure of the seedling. The trunk, shoots and leaves should be free of damage, wrinkles, spots and deformations. Also note the root which should have White color and a length of at least ten centimeters.

In the middle lane, cherry plum seedlings should be planted in early April. In the fall, this cannot be done otherwise they will not have time to take root before winter. Choose a sunny, shallow location ground water. Observe the distance between seedlings, which should be at least four meters.

Dig a hole 60 cm deep and 70 cm wide. good land set aside in one place, and the clay in another. Add a bucket of turf, humus to the pit and mix everything with the ground. Make the depth such that the root neck of the tree is at ground level.

Drive in two pegs opposite each other along the edges. They will perform the function of supporting the trunk. Plant a seedling in the middle of the hole, straighten its roots and bury with the remaining earth.

Then tie the plant to the stakes. While holding the seedling, lightly tamp the earth around the trunk. After planting, you need to shorten the main branches of the seedling and remove small shoots.

Plum is also grown when planting and caring in the open field without any problems, if the rules of agricultural technology are observed. All necessary recommendations You can find in this article.

Watering cherry plum

To water the plant, make a hole around the trunk. Conduct the first watering immediately after planting. Fill the hole with two buckets of water. Further watering is carried out once every two weeks for thirty liters.

When autumn comes, it is necessary to carry out water-charging irrigation. In mid-September, fill the plant with plenty of water. This procedure will help the seedling to better prepare for wintering.

Cherry plum top dressing

If you have added fertilizer to landing pit, then you do not need to feed the tree in the first year. In subsequent years, fertilize the soil regularly for the development of cherry plum. Apply nutrient mixtures in spring, summer and autumn.

Spring: before flowering (second half of April), add potassium salt to the soil - 40 g and ammonium nitrate - 25 g. After flowering is completed (second half of May), prepare a solution of mullein in a ratio of 1: 3 and add 50 g of superphosphate to it per 10 liters of solution. Pour the resulting composition two liters per barrel.

Summer: in the first half of June, feed the tree with a solution of urea in the ratio of 20 g per 10 liters of water. Pour five liters of solution under one trunk.

Autumn: in mid-September, make the last top dressing to speed up leaf fall, and prepare the tree for winter. To do this, make a groove around the tree and sprinkle potassium chloride and double superphosphate over the surface, one tablespoon each. Cover the trench with soil and water well.

Cherry plum likes to grow in neutral-acid soils. If the acidity of your soil is too high, then you need to add lime or wood ash. This procedure is carried out every five years.

Pruning cherry plum

Cherry plum grows quickly, so it must be cut every year. What does it give? Trimming shapes correct form crowns, helps to grow large and juicy fruits, keeps the tree healthy. Carry out this procedure in spring and autumn.

Spring pruning is formative. During this period, it is necessary to shorten annual growths and remove branches that thicken the crown or wither.

Autumn pruning is sanitary. It starts when the tree drops its leaves. Remove dry and diseased branches. If there are barren branches, they also need to be removed.

cherry plum flowering

Cherry plum begins to bloom in late April or early May. Flowers bloom before foliage. This beautiful sight lasts 8-11 days. The flowers have five petals, white or light pink.

The tree blooms with single flowers, but sometimes two umbrellas appear from the bud at once. Flowering is accompanied by a pleasant smell.

Cherry plum fruits

Depending on the type of tree, cherry plum fruits appear in different time. The earliest ripen in early June, and the latest in September.

Large fruits weighing up to 60 g and small ones up to 30 g grow on the branches of cherry plum. They are different shades: yellow, red, red-violet, black-violet. Their flesh is juicy and sweet-sour.

Cherry plum transplant

Cherry plum does not like being re-transplanted. But sometimes it needs to be done. The best time for this procedure is spring. You can change for two reasons.

First: you planted a tree, but the place turned out to be bad - the seedling does not grow. In order not to destroy the plant, it must be carefully dug up and transplanted.

Second: you are breeding cherry plum from the stone. Your tree will grow and get stronger in a year. Then it can be transplanted to a permanent place.

Cherry plum in winter

This type of stone fruit perfectly tolerates cold and frost. Cherry plum is successfully grown in the middle lane, where frosts are up to -25 ° C and in the north, where the temperature drops to -30 ° C. To make it easier for the plant to survive such frosts, it needs to be prepared.

In mid-September, you should dig up the soil around the tree and water it abundantly (50-100 buckets). In October, whiten the trunk from the neck of the root to the first skeletal branch. Then insulate root system a layer of mulch 10 cm thick. To do this, use a mixture of humus with compost.

Cherry plum breeding

cuttings - in conditions middle lane our country it is held at the end of June. Cut cuttings from growths current year one centimeter below the kidneys. The length of the cuttings should be 12 cm. Leave the top two leaves, and remove the rest.

Treat the bottom of the cut with a root growth stimulator. Plant the cuttings in a container filled with nutrient substrate. The planting depth is 3 cm, and the distance between the cuttings is 8 cm.

Watch for moderate soil moisture. Cover the cuttings with foil and place the container in a warm place where the temperature is not lower than +25 ° C. Roots will appear in a month and a half. Rooted cuttings need to grow from one to two years.

Bone planting - take the largest, ripe fruits and separate the bones from the pulp. Rinse the seeds well and dry. Put them in a jar and put them in a dry place away from light.

Before the onset of frost, plant the seeds in open ground. Keep a distance of 6 cm between seeds. Water well and lay a layer of mulch on top of sawdust or peat.

The onset of frost and snowfall will ensure stratification. In the spring, the seeds will sprout. After a year, you can transplant the seedlings to a permanent place or graft them onto other varieties.

Cherry plum diseases

perforated spotting - in the first stage of the disease, brown spots appear on the leaves. Then the affected tissues fall off, and holes appear. Such spots appear on fruits and branches. To cure the plant, remove all damaged leaves, fruits and branches. Treat the crown 14 days after flowering Bordeaux liquid.

Moniliosis - the bark of the branches turns brown, becoming like burned by fire. The fruits rot and become covered with a gray bloom. The method of struggle is the physical removal of the affected branches and fruits. Then it is necessary to treat the plant with Bordeaux liquid before flowering and after.

infertility - cherry plums of the same variety grow in the garden, which cannot pollinate each other. In order for fruits to appear, other pollinator varieties are needed. The more varieties growing in the garden, the more stable the fruiting will be.

Cherry plum pests

Yellow creamy sawfly - small white caterpillar, which penetrates the fruit and eats the bone and pulp. To kill the pest, treat the crown with Fufanon or Novaktion insecticides. Spray before and after flowering.

Eastern codling moth - a small caterpillar that eats away the core of young shoots. It also feeds on fruit pulp. To kill the pest, make a solution of table salt - 0.5 kg per 10 liters of water. Treat the crown after flowering and harvest.

Cherry plum useful properties and contraindications

The fruits contain many useful substances. Vitamins are contained in large quantities: A, E, C, PP, B1, B2. As well as minerals: iron, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium. They lie in the refrigerator for a long time without losing their medicinal properties.

Fruits are recommended for children, pregnant women and the elderly. Regular intake relieves colds, beriberi, diseases of the stomach and intestines. It also strengthens the heart muscles and prevents the development of arrhythmias.

In spite of medicinal properties, cherry plum can be harmful to health. Eating a large number fruits in one sitting causes diarrhea, heartburn and nausea. Increases the level of glucose in the blood and acidity in the stomach, exacerbates gastritis and ulcers.

Ingredients:

cherry plum - 1 kg;
cilantro, mint, dill - 30 gr each;
suneli hops, ground coriander - 1 tbsp. l.;
chili pepper - 1 pc.;
garlic - 4 cloves;
salt, sugar - to taste.

Cooking:

Rinse the fruits and pour them into a saucepan. Pour the cherry plum with a glass of water and put on a slow fire. Boil fruits twenty minutes after boiling.

When the cherry plum is cooked, place a metal sieve over another pan. Push the fruits through it. The skin and bones should remain in the sieve. Add salt to the gruel - 1 tsp, sugar - 4 tbsp. l. Put on fire and bring to a boil.

Grate the garlic, remove the seeds from the chili pepper and finely chop it, also finely chop the cilantro, mint and dill, prepare the hop-suneli seasonings and ground coriander. Add all these ingredients to the sauce and cook for ten minutes. Tkemali sauce is ready!

Ingredients:

cherry plum - 1 kg;
sugar - 1.5 kg;
water - 3 mugs.

Cooking:

Rinse the fruits well and place in hot water for five minutes. While the fruits are steaming, prepare the syrup. To do this, take a saucepan, pour three mugs of water into it and add one and a half kilograms of sugar. Stir well and bring to a boil.

Remove the steamed fruits and make cuts in each so that they are better saturated with syrup. Place them in hot syrup for four hours. When this time has passed, put the fruits with syrup on the fire and cook forty minutes. Simple jam is ready!

Ingredients:

cilantro, green onions, parsley - 40 gr each.
cherry plum - 2 kg;
coriander - 1 tbsp. l.;
chili pepper - 3 pcs.;
garlic - 10 cloves;
turmeric - 1 tsp;
sugar - 1 tbsp. l.;
salt - 4 tbsp. l.

Cooking:

Rinse the cherry plum well, transfer to a saucepan and cover with water. Put on fire. After boiling, cook for ten minutes. After cooking, push the fruit through a sieve - remove the skin and seeds.

The remaining ingredients: chili pepper (peeled from seeds), spices, herbs, sugar, salt, garlic must be ground in a blender along with fruit gruel. Put the resulting homogeneous mass on the fire to cook for ten minutes. After cooling, adjika can be twisted into jars for the winter.

Ingredients:

unripe cherry plum - 1 kg;
dried basil - 2 tsp;
bay leaf - 6 leaves;
inflorescences of dried cloves - 8 pcs.;
vinegar 9% - 100 ml;
salt - 100g;
sugar - 50 gr.

Cooking:

Rinse the hearths well and soak them in hot water for five minutes. While they are steaming, prepare a jar. Pour seasonings at the bottom: basil, lavrushka, cloves. When the heat treatment is over, place the fruits in a jar.

Now weld the filling. To do this, pour one liter of water into a saucepan and add salt and sugar. Mix thoroughly, put to boil on fire. When the filling boils, pour in the vinegar and remove the saucepan from the heat. Pour in the cherry plum, sterilize for five minutes and close the jar.

Cherry plum wine at home

Ingredients:

cherry plum - 3 kg;
raisins - 150 gr;
water - 4 l;
sugar - 300 gr per liter of juice.

Take unwashed fruits and mash to make a pulp. The bones must remain intact. Pour in water, add raisins and stir. Cover the container with gauze and put in a dark place where +25 ° C. Stir every day, pop up the pulp, drown.

After three days, fermentation will begin - a hiss, foam and sour smell. Strain the fermented juice into large bottle, squeeze out the remaining pulp. Add sugar 300 gr per liter of juice, mix thoroughly and put on rubber glove on the neck - pierce a hole in it. Transfer the bottle to a dark place with a temperature of +25 °C.

Wait for the end of the fermentation of the juice - in 20-50 days. You will understand this when the hissing stops, the precipitate falls out and the glove deflates. Pour the juice through a straw into another bottle without sediment. The container must be filled to the brim so that the wort does not come into contact with oxygen. Close the bottle tightly and place in a cool place with a temperature of + 10 ° C. In three months the wine will be ready.

Breeders have bred more than 100 varieties of cherry plum. All of these varieties are:

By maturity.
Fruit size, color and taste.
Productivity.
Winter hardiness.
The size and shape of trees.

This page contains descriptions of the most famous and popular varieties cherry plum or "Russian plum". There are photos of each variety, characteristics and brief recommendations for planting and care.

Self-fertile varieties of cherry plum

Most varieties of plums and cherry plums are themselves sterile. For high-quality pollination, it is necessary to plant at least two trees of different varieties, but flowering at the same time. However, several varieties of cherry plum are self-pollinating and can be planted singly.

Kuban comet

Kuban comet- medium-early, self-fertile variety of cherry plum. Cross-pollination is not required, but desirable.

Productivity is high, up to 50 kg. fruit from each tree. Bears fruit annually.
Fruits weighing 30 - 40 gr. sour - sweet taste, ripen in mid-July - early August.
Trees are stunted 2 - 2.5 meters.
Fruiting begins 2-3 years after planting.
Winter hardiness is high, recommended for cultivation in the middle lane, Moscow region and the North-West region.
The variety is resistant to major diseases.

There is also a late Comet, this is a variety of the same variety that ripens at the end of August. Since the Kuban comet is self-fertile, it will bear fruit without any pollinators. But if another cherry plum or Skoroplodnaya plum grows nearby, then the yields will be much more significant.

Advantages: self-pollination, frost resistance, high and stable yield, average drought resistance, extreme unpretentiousness. The comet can grow on any soil, treatments for diseases and pests are practically not required. Trees are low and easy to work with.

Flaws: the bones do not separate well, but this general disadvantage for all varieties of cherry plum. Branches often break from the abundance of fruits.

Reviews: only positive, the Kuban comet has proven itself well in all regions, from south to north. Many consider this variety to be the best.

Cleopatra

Cleopatra- late, partially self-fertile variety of cherry plum. In the presence of cross-pollination, the yield will be 2-3 times higher.

Productivity is average, fruiting is stable.
The taste of fruits is sour - sweet, weight 30 - 35 gr. ripen in September.
The tree is medium-sized, 3-4 meters high.
Early maturity is average, usually the first harvest occurs in the fourth year after planting.
Winter hardiness is high, this variety of cherry plum is recommended for cultivation in the Moscow region and the middle lane.
Good disease resistance.

To get a high yield near Cleopatra, it is recommended to plant 1 - 2 other varieties of cherry plum or Chinese plum.

Characteristics of early varieties of cherry plum

Traveler

Traveler- medium-early, self-fertile variety of cherry plum.

Productivity 30 - 40 kg. from an adult tree, fruiting is stable, annual.
Fruits of medium size weighing 20 - 25 g, taste sweet and sour, ripen in July.
The tree is medium-sized, 3-4 m high.
Early fruiting is good, fruiting begins in the third year after planting.
High winter hardiness, this variety can be grown in the middle lane and the Moscow region.
Good resistance to viral diseases.

Advantages: early maturity, winter hardiness, consistently high yields, early fruit ripening, good resistance to pests and diseases.

Flaws: relatively small fruits that fall off when overripe and are not suitable for long-term transportation. Freezing of fruit buds during early flowering is possible.

Found

Found- high-yielding, early ripe variety of cherry plum.

Productivity 35 - 40 kg. from every mature tree.
Fruit weighing about 30 gr. sweet taste and juicy pulp, ripen in July.
The trees are medium-sized, 3 to 5 meters high.
Seedlings begin to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting.
Good winter hardiness, it may well be cultivated in the middle lane and the Moscow region.
Excellent resistance to pests and diseases.

Advantages: tasty, juicy fruits that do not crack or fall off when ripe. Consistently high yield, frost resistance and precocity.

Flaws: self-infertile, it is necessary to plant several different varieties of cherry plum for cross-pollination.

Gift to St. Petersburg

Gift to St. Petersburg- medium early variety yellow cherry plum.

The average yield of an adult tree is 30 kg.
Cream is small, weighing 12 - 15 grams, sweet and sour taste, ripening begins at the end of July.
The trees are low, with a wide spreading weeping crown (height 3 - 4 m.)
Seedlings begin to bear fruit only from 4 - 5 years after planting.
Excellent winter hardiness, recommended for cultivation not only in the middle lane, but also in the northern regions.
Good disease and pest resistance.

Advantages: characterized by consistently high yields, unpretentiousness and frost resistance.

Flaws: small fruits, when fully ripe, shedding is possible, self-fertility.

Scythian gold

Gold of the Scythians

Gold of the Scythians- mid-early, self-fertile variety of yellow cherry plum.

The yield is average, 20 - 25 kg. fruit from a mature tree. It does not bear fruit every season, there are years when the tree is resting.
Cream is large, on average, the weight of each is 30 - 35 gr. Ripening begins at the end of July, the taste of the fruit is sweet and sour.
The height of the trees is 3-4 m, the crown is sprawling, rare.
The first harvest can be tasted 4 - 5 years after planting the seedling.
Winter hardiness is high, it can be grown in the middle lane and the Moscow region.
Disease resistance is weak.

Advantages: high winter hardiness and excellent taste.

Flaws: often affected by diseases and pests, the need to plant several trees.

Nesmeyana

Nesmeyana- tall, early variety of red cherry plum.

The yield is average.
cream red, round shape, weighing about 30 grams, ripen in July.
The tree is tall, with a spreading, rare crown, up to 5 - 6 meters high.
It enters fruiting at 3-4 years.
Frost resistance is high, it can be grown in the middle lane and the Moscow region.
Weak disease resistance.

Advantages: high winter hardiness, tasty cream.

Flaws: needs cross-pollination, often sick.

The best pollinators are the Kuban comet, Traveler, Cleopatra.

Vetraz

Vetraz- medium-early, high-yielding cherry plum variety.

An adult tree gives 35 - 40 kg. tasty, juicy fruits.
Cream of medium size, weighing 30 - 35 g, pleasant sour - sweet taste, ripen in late July - early August.
Trees from 3 to 5 meters high, with a rather sparse crown.
The first harvest can be tasted 2-3 years after planting.
Winter hardiness is good.
Vetraz is resistant to major diseases and pests.

As pollinators, you can use Comet, Sun, Lodva.

marquee

marquee- highly winter-hardy, early cherry plum variety.

An enviable yield, from one adult tree you can collect 35 - 40 kg. fruits.
Cream weight 35 g, sweet taste 4.5 points, ripen in mid-July.
The trees are low - from 2 to 3 meters.
They start fruiting quite late, 3-5 years after planting the seedling.
A highly winter-resistant variety, can be grown in the middle lane and the Moscow region.
Resistant to major diseases and pests.

Advantages: cold resistance, practically does not get sick, undersized trees are convenient for work, tasty and large cream, extended ripening period.

Flaws: seeds are poorly separated, cross-pollination is necessary, due to early flowering, fruit buds may freeze slightly.

The pollinator can be any other variety of cherry plum that blooms at the same time as Shatrov.

Flint

Flint is a medium-early variety of cherry plum.

The yield is average.
The cream is rounded, weighing 20-25 g, sour-sweet in taste, ripens in mid-late July.
Trees from 3 to 5 meters high with a dense crown.
Winter hardiness is average.
Resistance to major diseases and pests is good.

Advantages: fruits are ideal for canning and tolerate transportation well.

Flaws: poor winter hardiness, the need for cross-pollination.

Description of cherry plum varieties of medium ripening

Chuk

Chuk- self-infertile variety of cherry plum of medium ripening.

The yield is average, about 30 kg. fruit from one tree.
Sweet and sour cream, weighing about 30 grams, ripens in August.
Trees 3-4 meters high.
The first harvest can be tasted 3-4 years after planting.
Frost resistance in Chuk is average.
Good disease resistance.

Advantages: tasty, large fruits, good and regular yield.

Flaws: low winter hardiness, average drought resistance, self-fertility.

Other varieties of cherry plum or Chinese plum will help to ensure cross-pollination.

Lama

Lama- mid-late, frost-resistant variety cherry plums.

High yield, from each adult tree you can collect 40 - 50 kg.
The cream is large, on average weighs 30-40 grams, tastes sweet and sour, ripens in mid-August.
The trees are low, about two meters high.
Early fruiting is high, seedlings begin to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting.
Winter hardiness is high, recommended for cultivation in the middle lane, North - western region and Siberia.
Good resistance to major diseases and pests.

There are a lot of advantages: excellent winter hardiness, precocity, drought resistance, large and delicious fruits, excellent yield, bones are easily separated from the pulp, ornamental trees with reddish leaves.

Flaws: in windy or rainy weather ripened cream crumbles easily, cross-pollination is necessary.

The best pollinators are such varieties as Asaloda, Mara, Vitba.

General

General- large-fruited variety of cherry plum of medium ripening.

Productivity does not exceed 20 - 25 kg. from one tree.
But the cream is very large and tasty, the average weight is 45 - 50 gr. and even more. Ripening begins in mid-August.
The trees are tall, up to 6 meters.
The skorplodnost is high, already for 2 - 3 years the seedlings begin to produce a crop.
Frost resistance is not good enough for the middle band, and even more so for northern regions this variety is not suitable.
Disease resistant.

Advantages: main feature of this variety - very large fruits, stable good yield, precocity.

Flaws: insufficient winter hardiness.

Columnar

Columnar- large-fruited cherry plum of medium ripening.

Yields are consistently high.
Cream large weighing 40 gr. and more, ripen in August.
The trees are columnar, about 3 meters high and with a crown diameter of not more than 1.5 meters.
Seedlings begin to produce crops 3-4 years after planting.
Frost-resistant variety, can be grown in the middle lane and the Moscow region.
Resistance to pests and diseases is also high.

Advantages: compact trees take up little space, regular and abundant fruiting, large cream, high winter hardiness.

Flaws: self-infertility, which means it is necessary to plant varieties of pollinators.

Royal

Royal — yellow variety plums of medium maturity.

The yield is average, 20 - 25 kg. from every tree.
Cream of medium size weighing 20 - 25 grams, ripen in early August.
The trees are not very tall 2.5 - 3 meters.
Seedlings begin fruiting in the second year after planting.
Winter hardiness is average.
Resistance to common diseases is good.

Advantages: precocity, transportability and keeping quality of fruits, ease of cultivation.

Flaws: insufficient frost resistance, forms a lot of shoots, self-infertility.

Overview of cherry plum varieties of late ripening

Cherry plum, which ripens in September, is considered late.

Mara

Mara- yellow plum late deadline maturation.

The yield of Mary is high, up to 50 kg are harvested from an adult tree. fruits.
Medium-sized cream, weight 25 g, sweet and sour in taste, ripen in September.
Trees up to 5 - 6 meters high, grow quickly.
It starts fruiting quite early, already in 2-3 years it will be possible to taste the first cream.
Excellent frost resistance, recommended for planting in almost all regions.
Resistant to diseases and pests.

Advantages: high and stable yield, excellent winter hardiness, unpretentiousness and resistance to pests. Harvested fruits can be stored long time without loss of commercial qualities.

Flaws: the pulp is difficult to separate from the seeds, cross-pollination is necessary.

The best pollinator is cherry plum Vitba.

Gift to Primorye

Gift to Primorye- a late, self-fertile variety of cherry plum.

The yield of this "Russian plum" is 30 kg. fruits from the tree.
Cream large, average weight 30 - 35 gr, taste sour - sweet, ripening begins in late August - early September.
The height of the trees is 3-4 meters, the crown is of medium density.
Seedlings begin to bear fruit in 3-4 years. The life span of a tree is at least 25 years.
Winter hardiness is high, this variety of cherry plum is recommended for growing on Far East and in Siberia.
Good resistance to major diseases.

Advantages: large, tasty cream that easily tolerates transportation, good and regular yields, the ability to easily transfer harsh winters, drought tolerance.

Flaws: does not tolerate waterlogging, with a plentiful harvest, branches can break, pollinators are required.

Sonya

Sonya- yellow cherry plum of medium ripening.

Productivity Soneyka 30 - 40 kg. cream from each tree.
The fruits are very large, weighing from 40 to 50 grams, sweet and sour taste, ripen in early September.
The trees are low, about 3 meters high.
The variety is early-growing, the first harvest is obtained already 2-3 years after planting seedlings.
Winter hardiness is sufficient for growing in the middle lane.
Good resistance to diseases and pests.

Video about planting and growing cherry plum

This can only happen in a nightmare. The plane's roof was torn off during the flight.

Cherry plum is especially popular among gardeners. It is due, to a large extent, high yield culture and ease of maintenance. But also the summer resident has the right to choose a certain type of tree, taking into account all strengths of one sort or another.

Cherry plum green is a kind of plum, which was cultivated by man several centuries ago. It's believed that fruit plant"came" to us from the Crimea, the Balkans, Iran and Asia. These areas are characterized by high air temperature and low rainfall. That is why varieties of plums and cherry plums tolerate drought well.

But the most important advantage of the culture is still considered its high fertility. The plant gives its first harvest a year after its planting. All subsequent harvests are characterized by regularity and large quantity fruits.

The fruits of the tree have different shapes and colors. Such plums are spherical or oval. At the same time, they have a characteristic yellow, green, red or even purple color.

The characteristic of the tree suggests that its crown can be sprawling or have the shape of a pyramid. The branches of the plant are usually "weeping", rather flexible, which allows them not to break under the weight of the fruit.

Some varieties form flowers of 5-10 petals, which are located in 1, less often in 2 layers. The pedicel does not exceed a length of only 4 centimeters. However, flowers and fruit ovaries are able to easily withstand frequent frosts of about -5 ° and a long drop in temperature for 3 days.

Plum fruits usually ripen from mid-summer to mid-September. Some varieties of cherry plum, after fruit ripening, are able to "store" them on a tree for another month and a half in conditions of slight frosts.

Fruits usually perform both a decorative function and a nutritious one. They have a pleasant taste and a number of useful substances for the body.

Video “Description”

From the video you will learn a lot of interesting things about different varieties cherry plums.

Varieties

Plum is represented today by a number of varieties that are classified into groups according to certain characteristics.

So, according to the duration of ripening, early, middle and late varieties are distinguished.

Early-fruiting cherry plum, which can be harvested as early as late July - early August, is represented by the varieties Monomakh, Gift to St. Petersburg, Naidena, Traveler, Yarilo, cherry plum Sigma and Zlato Scythians. This group also includes the Nesmeyana cherry plum variety, which is characterized by a spreading, not too thickened crown, as well as early ripening, resistance to cold and frost, and a pleasant taste. The description of the variety indicates that its disadvantages can be considered the need to grow a pollinator near it (the plant cannot pollinate itself) and average resistance to diseases of various kinds.

Mid-season plants usually ripen in August (toward the middle of the month). Such crops include: peach cherry plum, Sarmatka, Carmine Zhukova, Chuk cherry plum.

Late varieties of plums ripen in late summer or September. Such cultures are represented by varieties Cleopatra, Gek. The beauty of Oryol. In some areas, it is better to refrain from growing late varieties of plums. Indeed, due to the cold summer, they simply may not ripen.

The cherry plum tree may have different height. On this basis, varieties are also divided into groups:

Tall, the height of an individual reaches 6 meters (Anastasia, cherry plum General and Nesmeyana);
Sredneroslye, height from 3 to 5 meters: Cherry plum Abundant, Gold of the Scythians, Cleopatra, Chuk, Gek.
Undersized, which do not reach even 3 meters: Shater, Kuban Comet.

For regions with a temperate climate, winter hardiness of plants is very important. The Traveler, the Gold of the Scythians, the Tent tolerate frosts well.

The fruits of the culture can have a variety of colors. Some varieties got their name precisely because of the color of their fruits. For example, Apricot cherry plum, Lodva cherry plum, as well as caramel cherry plum and Byron Gold cherry plum have a yellow-golden color.

Ruby cherry plum has rich red fruits, like columnar cherry plum, and Violet Delight - burgundy-violet.

Cherry plum steppe forms fruits of different colors: from yellow to blue.

Cherry plum Burbank Giant holds the record for the size of its fruits. One such plum reaches a quarter of a kilogram by weight! These are the largest plums known today.

A significant drawback of most varieties is that they are not self-fertile.

The most important quality of plums is precocity. For example, plum Lavina brings rich harvests in the shortest possible time.

Landing Features

When planting a crop, there are a number of points to consider.

Culture develops well in areas well lit by the sun and protected from the wind. The southwest area of the garden is well suited. In this case, the soil should not be heavy.

When buying seedlings, you should pay attention to their shoots. They must be undamaged and without dry patches.

The root system needs to be carefully examined. It should consist of 5 or more main roots about 0.2 - 0.25 meters long.

Before planting, you need to dig a hole 0.6 m x 0.6 m x 0.6 m and fill it with top dressing: superphosphate and potassium sulfate.

Before deepening the seedling, it is worth carefully inspecting the roots and removing dry or damaged roots. If the roots are brown, they should be cut to a young root (the tissue of a young organ is white). After, the roots are placed in clay talker and only after that they are planted.

Diseases and pests

Cherry plum yellow, like its other "relatives", can be subject to diseases such as brown spot, fungal burn, gum disease, moniliosis, smallpox and rust.

The fruits are harvested after they acquire the proper color, that is, ripen. Collect all the fruits once, as they ripen at the same time.

The main part of the harvest is used in fresh. And also the plum is actively used to create wine, juice or compote. Fruits ripened in September can be stored for a long time.

For storage, the harvested crop is sorted and laid out in rows in boxes. After such containers are placed in a cool room.

So, this type of plum has a high fertility and a wide range of applications.

Video “Growing”

From the video you will learn how to grow it fruit tree.

Cherry plum is a real Cinderella in the garden. She is usually remembered last. But after all, without it, compote is not compote, and for twists for the winter it is indispensable. Just need to find good variety. And cherry plums have few of them.

Take at least Kuban comet. There is not a single gardener who would speak badly about this variety. The Kuban comet is so fruitful that even from one tree so many fruits ripen that there is a problem with their sale.

Fruits are oval, large (up to 40 g and more), of blue color, but rustic in taste, the flesh is yellow. The bone is poorly separated. Already by mid-July, you can harvest. To date, this is the most common variety of cherry plum.

Less popular variety Angelina. She has round fruits, but smaller than the Kuban comet, and the yield is smaller. But on the other hand, the fruits are so dense that they are perfectly transported over long distances. Besides, Angelina can be stored longer than all other varieties of cherry plum. Its fruits can lie up to three months.

Overall, it is a trouble-free variety, suitable both for food and for sale.

A special place in the garden should be attributed to the cherry plum the globe. It was obtained by crossing the Obilnaya variety with a hybrid of cherry plum and apricot. The result was cherry plum, with fruits of record size - 100 g each. True, when the fruiting is too plentiful, the fruits shrink to 50-60 g.

Fruiting is annual and very good. Harvest ripens by mid-August. The skin color is dark blue, almost black, the flesh is yellow, with an excellent dessert taste. The trees are disease resistant but self-fertile. Therefore, it is useful to plant a couple more varieties in the crown. Trees grow rapidly and require regular pruning. The variety is weakly winter-hardy, therefore it is zoned only according to North Caucasus.

OUR REFERENCE

By the way, some scientists attribute these varieties of cherry plum to a new species - Russian plums. The new crop has several traits that allow it to displace common cherry plums and plums from orchards.

Namely, an amazing yield, large fruit sizes - in some varieties up to 100 g. the best varieties not only is it not inferior to ordinary plum, but also surpasses it. More than 60-80 kg are harvested from each tree. Plants begin to bear fruit in 2-3 years.

For lovers of yellow cherry plum, you can recommend a variety Huck. It was obtained by crossing a Chinese plum with a variety An excellent pupil. The variety is very productive, bears fruit abundantly and annually. The fruits of Huck are large (up to 35-40 g), the pulp has a pleasant sweet and sour low-juicy taste.

Among the shortcomings is a large bone, which is poorly separated from the pulp. Frost resistance of plants is not bad, but still the variety is zoned only in the North Caucasus.

One of the goals of obtaining a new culture was the promotion of culture to the north, which was completed. Some varieties grow well and bear fruit not only in central regions, but further north. An important advantage and maturation time. At the Hybrid Plum, they stretch for 2-2.5 months: from July to September. That is, after the cherry and before the fruiting of the plum.

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The plant came to us from the Caucasus, it was there that this half tree, half shrub grew. Modern cherry plum, photos will convince you of this, is the result of the painstaking work of breeders. Such diverse varieties that have appeared differ in palatability, color, fruit size and the size of the tree itself. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, cherry plum was not widespread, and only in the 70-80s of the last century it began to be actively grown in collective and private farms.

Variety of plum varieties

The tree was first used in decorative purposes, then for vaccination fruit trees. Special attention cherry plum was given only in the second half of the twentieth century, work began on the cultivation and selection of cherry plum. From the variety of varieties, we highlight some of the most popular:

Kuban Comet;
July rose;
lama;
Royal;
Gift Saint Petersburg;
peach;
Nesmeyana;
Cleopatra;
Sonya;
The globe.

Variety Kuban Comet

The cherry plum variety Comet was bred by the Russian breeder Eremin G.V. Tree of medium height with fruit ripening in late July. The fruit itself is quite large (35-40 g), round or slightly oval in shape, from reddish-burgundy to light purple. The pulp of the fruit is quite juicy, yellowish in color, superior in taste to other varieties of cherry plum. The disadvantage is the tight attachment of the stone to the pulp, but this does not prevent the variety from being used in industrial production and for home canning.

Trees bear fruit steadily, have a high yield. There is a tendency to overload the branches with fruits, which affects the reduction in their size. Systematic correct pruning is required to obtain a quality crop.

Cross-pollination is not required, the variety is self-fertile, tolerates the winter period steadily.

The presented cherry plum variety Kubanskaya Kometa is considered the best selection derivative.

Cherry plum variety July rose

Cherry plum July rose is the earliest of the varieties, its fruits begin to ripen in early July, and even earlier under favorable natural conditions. The fruits are dark red, round or slightly oval in shape, weighing 30-35g. The pulp of cherry plum is fibrous, yellowish in color with a pronounced sweet and sour taste. The derivative for breeding the July rose was the cherry plum variety Kuban Comet. The characteristics of these varieties are similar, the appearance of the fruit is also almost the same.

Cherry plum variety Lama

The middle of the 20th century was marked by work on the selection of cherry plum, it was during this period that the Lama variety of cherry plum was bred, which characterizes itself as winter-hardy, resistant to biological aggression, with improved taste.

This variety feels great not only in the middle part of Russia, it is also grown in the Far East region.

Trees with a height of 1.5 to 2 meters are completely undemanding to natural conditions and aggression environment. The fruits are sweet and sour with a barely perceptible almond aftertaste. pulp dark red well separated from the bone. The variety has a lot of advantages, but there are also disadvantages: annual pruning of the tree to increase the yield, fruit shedding during the ripening period.

Variety of cherry plum Tsarskaya

Cherry plum Royal has middle period maturing, a tree with a compact crown, grows up to 2.5 meters. Compared with its counterparts, it has medium-sized fruits from 20 to 25 g with saturated skin. yellow color. The juicy yellow flesh of the Tsarskaya cherry plum has a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the good preservation of fruits, resistance to frost, diseases and pests.

The disadvantage of the Tsarskaya cherry plum is that the variety is self-fertile, which means that plums or other cherry plum trees must grow next to it in order to obtain a crop.

Cherry plum variety Gek

Hybridization of the Chinese plum and cherry plum Otlichnitsa gave the result in the form of the Gek variety of cherry plum in the early 90s of the twentieth century. A tree with an average ripening period and a fruit weight of up to 35 g. The pulp is of low juiciness, yellow, like the shell of the fruit, a pale pink blush is sometimes observed. The fruits have good taste, are resistant to transportation, a high-yielding variety, are consumed fresh and used for conservation. The lack of cherry plum Huck is a poorly separated bone, there is instability to diseases (gray rot), it requires systematic pruning and constant care.

Cherry plum variety Abundant

As a result of crossing the Chinese plum Burbank and the Tauride cherry plum, a wonderful hybrid of the Abundant cherry plum was obtained. The tree is stunted, even by 10 years it rarely reaches a height of 2.5 meters. Fruit large sizes, this can be seen in the photo of the cherry plum of this variety. At proper care and good natural conditions, the weight of the fetus can be from 35 to 55g. The round shape of the fruits and their dark purple color attract the eye. Sweet and sour rich juiciness taste matches the appearance. Already in early August, you can collect high yield plentiful cherry plums.

Cherry plum variety Gift to St. Petersburg

As a result of crossing the cherry plum variety Pionerka and Chinese plum, the cherry plum Gift to St. Petersburg was bred. The height of an adult tree reaches 3 meters. Small oval fruits weighing 12-15 g. The photo of cherry plum shows that the fruits small size, but they cover the branches abundantly, the variety is considered high-yielding. The bright yellow color of the fruit, sometimes with a pink tint, has an average taste, the stone does not separate from the pulp.

Cherry plum Gift to St. Petersburg is one of the frost-resistant hybrids, highly resistant to fungal diseases and pests.

Cherry plum Peach

Bred new variety cherry plum Peach, description and photo will help you get to know him. The plant is not self-fertile, so for pollination it is required to plant it next to plums or other varieties of cherry plum. Fruits weighing up to 40 g are endowed with excellent taste. Wood early variety ripening, from mid-July, under favorable natural conditions, you can harvest. Distinctive feature fruits - sweet taste and peach aroma.

Variety of cherry plum Nesmeyana

Cherry plum Nesmeyana belongs to varieties with early term ripening, resistant to major diseases and adverse environmental conditions. A sprawling tall tree bred from the Kuban comet variety. The surface of the fruit is smooth, the size is large, the peel is light red. The flesh is the same color as the skin, juicy and with a sweet and sour taste.

Cherry plum Cleopatra

Free pollination of the Kuban comet variety made it possible to breed and cultivate the cherry plum variety Cleopatra on a large scale. High productivity and endurance, resistance to classical diseases, these are the main characteristics of this variety. As for the fruits, they are large, up to 40 g, round-oval, dark red or purple in color, covered with a wax coating. The pulp is reddish in color with a sweet and sour pleasant taste.

Variety of cherry plum Soniaka

Cherry plum Soneika belongs to varieties with a late ripening period, they begin to harvest at the end of August. At first, the color of the fruit is greenish, with a slight blush, but by the time of ripening they turn yellow. The fruits themselves are quite large, up to 50 g, with a pleasant taste. The bone does not leave the pulp.

To obtain a high-quality and full-fledged harvest with the maximum fruit size, on all varieties of cherry plum hybrids, annual pruning of branches should be carried out for correct formation crowns.

Cherry plum variety Globus

Cherry plum Globus is considered one of best hybrids, relative to all compared characteristics. Domestic breeders got an excellent result by crossing the Plentiful cherry plum with its high yield, with the second hybrid obtained as a result of breeding the Cultivated red cherry plum with apricot. The result was cherry plum Globus, its fruits reach a weight of 100 g and have a dark red with a purple hue. Sweet yellow flesh with a pleasant aftertaste. The variety is resistant to frost, diseases, the fruits tolerate transportation well.

Cherry plum Globus, the photo of which you see, in all external data and taste is more like a plum, so it is often confused with plum varieties.

Lush flowering makes cherry plum trees extraordinarily beautiful, therefore, along with growing them to produce fruits, low-growing varieties are planted along the perimeter of the hedge, and flowering branches are used for decorative purposes.

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