How to make ventilation in the garage with your own hands. Natural ventilation in the garage. Pit ventilation

In order to properly organize the ventilation of the garage building, you need to know the parameters, the volume of the building, the approximate list of work that is planned to be done there. An important factor is the type of equipment to be installed, the materials used, and the calculation of the required parameters. The efficiency depends on how correctly the preliminary calculations are made, the equipment is selected. ventilation system, which is planned to be installed for the garage.

Garage ventilation methods

Like any other, airing a garage building comes down to several basic types. Let's briefly consider the distinctive features of each of them.

Natural ventilation. It is based on the use of a natural mechanism for changing air masses, when dense fresh air displaces warm and lighter air. Specially organized ventilation openings for the natural movement of air flow entering the aeration system.

mechanical ventilation. Fully automated supply, removal of air masses. Large garage buildings where lengthy repairs can be carried out, engineering works, it is recommended to equip with a mechanical ventilation system.

Mixed (combined) ventilation system allows you to save on the installation of supply equipment. it is often the hood that is mechanical.

In addition, ventilation can be supply, exhaust, supply and exhaust. The supply and exhaust air exchange system seems to be the most effective. It is organized in natural, mechanical or combined ways, which depends on the dimensions of the building, the specifics of the work being done, the number of machines, etc.

Garage ventilation standards

The construction of the garage is planned without the arrangement of drainage equipment, removal systems excess moisture. It gets inside the building along with the car - these are dirty snow, moisture, salt, and other chemical reagents left on the bottom, used by public utilities for road treatment. Without the removal of these sources, the level of relative humidity inside the room rises. Together with the remaining reagents, salt, moisture gradually begins to spoil, corrode the body. In addition, an unregulated temperature-humidity balance negatively affects the wooden, metal structures of the garage, and tool surfaces.

The ventilation of the building is capable of normalizing the temperature and humidity indicators. Also, together with the exhaust air flow, it removes toxic fumes from paint and varnish products, technical fluids, oils, fuels, carbon monoxide and exhaust gases.

The norms for the ventilation of a garage building, according to SNiP, provide for the organization of a supply and exhaust ventilation system for a heated and unheated premises to remove, dilute harmful heat and gas emissions in accordance with the assimilation calculation.

Inside a heated garage building intended for storing a car, the temperature index is determined - + 5⁰ С. Inside the building for storing one car, air exchange of more than 180 m³ / h is provided. Foreign manufacturers of ventilation equipment recommend equipping garages with a system that allows for 6-10 shifts air mass in one day.

The speed of movement of air masses is 0.3 m / s.

natural ventilation

Natural ventilation is arranged inside small buildings, metal portable structures. Since the supply and exhaust openings are organized intentionally, we can say that this is aeration.

This method of ventilation is based on the natural change of air masses. Incoming fresh air is almost always colder, and therefore heavier and denser than that. Which is inside. It displaces a warm and light flow, together with particles of carbon dioxide, exhaust, and other toxic gases, out through gaps, slots or special openings, air ducts.

To enhance natural draft, air ducts are often installed. The exhaust air duct should be optimally mounted in such a way that its height is as high as possible. This will create an area of ​​rarefied pressure inside the garage building, so fresh supply air the flow will itself, automatically tighten.

Diffusers, turbo deflectors also help. They are mounted on the heads of the supply and exhaust pipes, respectively, increasing the air draft.

Using this natural mechanism, it is possible to ventilate the interior of the garage to a certain extent. AT summer time it stops working due to the decrease in the temperature difference between the temperatures inside and outside. Here you may need the help of mechanisms for forced induction of the movement of air masses.

Calculation of natural ventilation

Calculation of ventilation of natural impulse is made at the stage of designing a garage building. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the building, the number of stored cars, the specifics, the number of works carried out inside, the level of toxicity of the liquids inside.

For natural ventilation (aeration), two methods are most often proposed for calculating the internal section of air pipes:

• There are 15 mm of pipe diameter per 1 m². If you follow this formula, for a garage building with an area of ​​​​10 m², you will need ventilation ducts with an internal section of 150 mm. In this case, the height of the building is not taken into account, i.e. its overall volume.
• The sum of the areas of the ventilation ducts is 0.3% of the area of ​​the garage building. As a rule, this method is used for single-channel ventilation.

• the inflow is installed above the floor level - 10-15 cm;
• the hood is arranged inside the ceiling, or inside the wall (10-15 cm from the ceiling);
• the optimal distance from the inlet of the inflow to the outlet hood is 3 m;
• the height of the hood above the garage roof is from 50 cm.

For a large building, the result of calculating the diameter of the ventilation duct can turn out to be very large, then it is advisable to make two air pipes with a total internal section not less than in the calculations.

mechanical ventilation

Often used, especially for large garage buildings with two floors, storage of several cars, etc. This method does not depend on atmospheric conditions, strength and direction of the wind, seasonality, outdoor temperature.

For arranging the necessary movement of air flows inside the building, forced induction mechanisms, ventilation ducts through which air is supplied, removed.

Fans installed inside ventilation ducts (duct), ventilation openings (axial) are used. The power of the mechanisms is about the same. When the fans are off, ventilation is also carried out, but with a lower performance.

Equipment selection

Mechanical ventilation is carried out with the help of fans. The mechanisms are selected based on the area of ​​​​the building, the required air exchange rate, and also following the volume of air removed, which the device shows.

The performance of the fan must correspond to the specified parameters. A low-power device will not cope with the removal or supply of the required amount of air masses. A mechanism that is more powerful than necessary will become uneconomical in terms of energy consumption, will exceed the permissible operating noise values.

It is advisable to purchase fans with a timer, a humidity sensor, a motion sensor so that the ventilation system works automatically, without the participation of the car owner.

Air ducts are purchased from materials that are resistant to the effects of an aggressive environment of toxic, thermal emissions. These include plastic water pipes, asbestos-cement pipes, as well as from galvanized steel.

In addition, the number of ventilation equipment includes: transitional, rotary segments, adapters, throttle valves, diffusers, air intake grilles, control unit.

Calculation of mechanical ventilation

To calculate the required amount of incoming air, it is proposed to use the following formula:

L is the estimated amount of supply air flow (m³/h);

N is the norm of the multiplicity of air exchange inside the garage building, in this case - 6-10;

S - construction area (m²);

H is the height of the building (m).

This formula takes into account not only the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building, but also its height, i.e. the volume of the entire structure is used in the calculations.

It is also necessary to take into account the dimensions of the air ducts, which directly depends on the productive capacity of the fans. For example, at low power, the noise level will be negligible, but the air channels must be increased in size, which is not always convenient and possible to do.

With high fan performance and narrow ventilation ducts, the airflow will create additional noise, which will create uncomfortable conditions for staying and working inside the garage.

Sc = L x 2.77 / V

Sc is the calculated value of the duct parameters;

L - the amount of incoming air flow (m³ / h);

V - air flow speed in the network (m / s), as a rule, this figure is 3-4 m / s;

2.77 - matching coefficient.

Combined ventilation

Mixed or combined type of ventilation is a popular way to organize the ventilation of the garage space. One of the channels remains to function in a natural way, while the other is equipped mechanical device for air mass movement.

Often, for a medium-sized garage, it is quite enough to equip a mechanical exhaust, while the supply air enters independently through specially organized openings of garage doors, walls, and an air duct.

The fan creates a rarefied pressure, into which fresh air from the street is drawn inertially. It should be remembered that with this method of ventilation, the supply air flow does not warm up and is not cleaned of dust. This can be important if the garage is doing specific work, such as painting. In this case, a certain temperature regime, cleanliness of boxing.

In other cases that do not provide for such types of work, combined ventilation - effective method removal of exhausted, polluted air. All necessary design work is carried out in accordance with the above formulas.

Ventilation of the garage is necessary during its arrangement. It allows you to remove air impurities that are dangerous for the car owner: toxic gas mixtures, carbon dioxide, excessive heat, humidity. The laying of the ventilation system is carried out at the stage of building construction. For effective, optimal ventilation, it is necessary to make correct calculations inflow, air supply, observe the air exchange rate, the dimensions of the ventilation ducts.

If the air in the garage is poorly ventilated, then the condensate that constantly forms on automobile units will inevitably lead to their breakdown. And the high humidity does not positively affect the upholstery of the cabin. Therefore, do-it-yourself ventilation in the garage should be as thoughtful and correct as possible. Moisture inside should be as small as possible, and exhaust gases should go outside as quickly as possible.

Garage ventilation schemes

In most cases private garage is a small room for one passenger car. Plus, often part of the space in it is given over to a workbench with tools and a place to store tires, canisters, etc.

It is easy to make ventilation in such a building yourself. It is not required to make complex calculations on air exchange here. It is enough to know a couple of formulas and norms.

There are two garage ventilation schemes:

1. With natural air exchange.
2. With forced air circulation between the street and the room.

The implementation of both options involves the installation of two ventilation vents with pipes - one for the exhaust, the second for the inflow. Forced Scheme ventilation needs an electric fan. But for most garages, a conventional system with natural air draft will be more than enough. It is non-volatile, extremely easy to install and cheap.

Air circulation in a garage with a pit with natural ventilation

Flow or exhaust ventilation that requires power supply in the garage should only be done if there is heating in it. In this case, it is best to leave your choice on one hood. With its help, you can organize a very effective air exchange. And it will not cost as much as combined supply and exhaust ventilation. The latter consists of a considerable amount of expensive equipment, which also requires additional expenses during operation.

When choosing a garage ventilation scheme, you must also consider design features garage box. If it is among the same type of structures, then there are restrictions on making ventilation holes in some of its walls. Ventilation pipes will not be able to be removed from all sides of the building. But to increase natural traction, they should be located in the garage just from its different ends.

In this case, it is recommended to opt for an exhaust, supply or combined option. These types of ventilation in the garage do not depend so much on the location and size of the ducts. The power of the fan will be more important here.

Air exchange at forced ventilation

Garage ventilation options

The easiest way is to mount ventilation in your own garage with natural air draft with your own hands. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the diameter of the pipes for the exhaust and inflow, and then punch holes in the walls and / or roof and install these air ducts. The main thing then is not to forget about the need for reliable sealing of the gaps between the pipe and concrete, brick or metal of the wall.

Ventilation shaft equipment options

According to the norms, the draft in the garage room should be such that the entire volume of air is completely replaced in it 6–10 times per hour. At a minimum, this is 180 cubic meters / hour per 10 square meters of the garage floor. To ensure a similar natural air exchange, for every 10 sq.m. a pipe with a cross section of about 15 cm is required.

The ventilation inlet should be located at a height of 15–20 cm above the ground on a wall with a door. The exhaust should be placed opposite the first one in the roof or in the wall under the ceiling with the rise of the air duct above the roof of about half a meter. So the thrust will be maximum. In this case, the inflow pipe in the cross section should be equal, or better, slightly less than the diameter of the exhaust duct. If the dimensions are done the other way around, then tipping of the thrust is possible.

The layout of the ventilation pipes in the garage with a pit

The effectiveness of natural ventilation in the garage depends on:

• air temperature difference inside and outside;
• the presence of wind and its strength on the street;
• pressure difference between the upper point of the exhaust and the lower inflow;
• location of ventilation pipes on the facade and the degree of their insulation.

How to position the ventilation shaft for better draft

There are many influencing factors. Therefore, it is often necessary to make a ventilation system that functions due to the forced draft of air masses. Here the calculation of the parameters is even simpler.

Pipes can be taken half as much as in the variant considered above. All the same, air exchange will be carried out due to the operation of the fan. Its power is selected based on the cubic capacity of the garage and the required air exchange rate. In the vast majority of cases, an axial channel model of 100 watts is enough.

Pipes and openings are arranged in the same way as in the natural draft version. At the same time, it is often easier to make ventilation with forced exchange on your own. Air ducts are required smaller in diameter. This means that holes in the walls will have to be punched smaller. However, in terms of costs, such ventilation due to the presence of electrical equipment will be more expensive than a conventional counterpart.

Scheme of air flows at different types ventilation

If a fan is installed, then you should take a model with a timer. Leaving it constantly on is unprofitable in terms of money (light bills will come out considerable) and dangerous due to the risk of fire. Operating electrical equipment should not be left unattended for a long time.

Scheme of natural ventilation in the garage

And so you can set the desired mode so that the fan turns on for a while to completely replace the air in the room, and then immediately turns off. After all, a garage ventilation system is being built, and not ventilation in the bathroom and toilet, where air circulation must be continuous.

Garage ventilation with natural air exchange should be designed so that there is a distance of about 3 meters between its lower and upper points. If it is less, then the thrust will be reduced.

In order to keep the car original form, put it in the garage is not enough. Rooms in which ventilation is not installed or does not work properly have a detrimental effect on the condition of the vehicle. But what to do if there is none in the garage that you got? There is a way out - to create ventilation with your own hands.

Why do you need ventilation in the garage?

To the question "Do I need ventilation in the garage?" experienced car owners unanimously answer: "Yes." Irrefutable proof of this point of view is the consequences of the processes that occur with the machine in an unventilated room:

• the destructive effect of moisture on metal parts and electronics of the car,
• spoilage and rotting of products stored in the attic or basement;
• the occurrence of fungus on the walls, wooden beams.

If there is no ventilation in the room, then harmful substances accumulate that adversely affect the health of the car owner.

Without a doubt, the garage must be ventilated

According to generally accepted standards, a ventilation communication system in utility rooms is equipped on the same level as residential ones. Air exchange in full volume takes place 6-10 times a day. And the air flow is 180 cubic meters per hour.

Tasks of the ventilation system:

1. Removing moisture from the garage. The hit occurs along with the car during rain or snow on the street.
2. Sucking gas and steam out of the garage, they are harmful to human health.
3. Drying the outside of the car after driving in rain or snow.
4. Prevention of the appearance of fungus on wooden surfaces, walls of the room, and corrosion of metal components.
5. Drying the basement and attic parts of the garage.

Combined ventilation system is more efficient than natural

Types of ventilation and their device. Choose according to your needs

Regardless of the height of the garage, whether it has a viewing hole, a basement or an attic, what material it is made of, ventilation is needed in this room. The building is ventilated equally. Carefully lay pipes in the basements, as these places are more prone to dampness and mustiness than other rooms.

Consider three types of ventilation.

• Natural. The flow of air into the garage is due to the fact that the temperature in the room and outside is different.

For spontaneous air circulation, two ventilation openings are installed: exhaust and supply. The deflector in the exhaust hole will speed up this process. A zone of low pressure is formed around such a device, which helps to draw polluted air out of the room.

Economical option ventilation in the garage

The movement of air flows takes place on the basis of physical laws and atmospheric phenomena:

1. Differences in the density of warm and cold air;
2. wind forces;
3. Movement of air from an area of ​​high pressure to an area of ​​lower pressure.

When installing this type of ventilation, remember the following:

1. There will be no air circulation in summer;
2. Draft may occur due to sudden pressure drops;
3. It is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of the holes and clean them in time.

This type of ventilation is suitable for those for whom the fundamental principle of installation is savings.

• Combined. Modified natural ventilation. The only difference is in the process of outflow of the processed air mass - it is performed by special equipment.

The solution will provide independence from atmospheric phenomena. The scheme is distinguished by the installation of an electric fan in the exhaust vent. The option is independent of nature and cheaper than the mechanical circulation scheme. The disadvantage is that the air is not heated and not cleaned when it enters the system, so the holes must be carefully monitored and accumulated dust, dirt and frost removed.

• Mechanical. The outlet of the exhaust air and the supply are regulated by special equipment. The forced ventilation system does not have the disadvantages that are inherent in the previous two options.

The air that enters the supply module from the street is heated and purified, and then passes through the room. The polluted stream is drawn out by the channel equipment of the second module.

mechanical system air supply and purification

In the underground garage, mechanical ventilation is installed, because the mechanisms of the first and third types are not able to draw air into this room. This option is also good for buildings with heating.

Preparation: schemes

Before starting work, a diagram or plan is drawn up, on which the locations of the ventilation openings and pipes for air intake, outflow, the dimensions of the openings are applied, and the layout of the ventilation ducts is drawn.

Examples of such schemes are given below. For garages without basements and attics, natural ventilation is used.

The simplest ventilation system (1 - air movement in the garage, 2 - air intake holes, 3 - air outlet)

Most correct scheme looks like that:

• from the floor to the air intake hole 10–15 cm; at the same distance, only up to the ceiling of the opposite wall, they arrange an exhaust;
• the diameter of the hole for the outlet of the air flow is half that of the intake,
• the ventilation pipe rises above the roof level by at least 0.5 m.

It should be noted that the scheme is designed for a garage with a height of at least 3 m. Since the inflow and outflow openings should be at a distance of 2.5–3 m from each other.

Combined ventilation

Necessary tools and materials. Calculation

To speed up the work, the tools and materials needed for mounting ventilation are prepared in advance.

1. Perforator;
2. Bulgarian;
3. Sealant and heat-insulating material;
4. Grilles and/or blinds to protect openings from external contamination;
5. Pipes for the outflow of air from metal or plastic with a cross section of 100–200 mm.

Fans are also needed if a combined system is mounted.

Without a reliable fan, it will not be possible to make a combined system

Consider these types:

1. Exhaust duct - affordable and easy to install. Electricity consumption is not more than 100W. Built-in regulators make it possible to change the intensity of ventilation. You can also add additional sensors, which will turn on the fan at certain humidity levels. The optimal diameter of the device is 160 mm, the cheaper and simpler option is 120 mm. The choice depends on the proximity to the garage of sources of moisture (rivers, lakes, groundwater).

Exhaust duct fan

2. Centrifugal (radial, "snail"). They do best with extracting exhaust air, but are expensive and difficult to install. They are used in garages where they paint cars.

Centrifugal fan

3. Vortex. Devices of the third type are used to extract smoke from welding or cleaning nozzles.

Swirl ventilation systems

The best option in a regular garage for one or two cars - exhaust channel fan. It does its job well, and at the same time is notable for its low cost.

Having drawn a diagram and selected tools, calculate the diameter of the ventilation ducts. The formulas are based on the dimensions of the garage. For example, take a room with sides of 6 and 4 meters. The area is thus 24 m2. According to the requirements and standards, for ten square meters of a garage you need an air duct with a diameter of 15 cm. You can calculate the diameter of the air duct using the following formula:

(S / a) * d, where S is the area of ​​​​the garage, a - 10 m2, multiply by d - 15 cm of the duct diameter.

Bottom line: the diameter of the ventilation ducts is 36 cm. If there are two exhaust pipes, then the value is divided in half.

Step-by-step instructions for laying out ventilation ducts with your own hands

• Carrying out ventilation in the garage begins with the choice of its type and the preparation of the scheme. When you have dealt with this and calculated the diameter of the ventilation ducts, prepare the necessary tools and materials.
• Then, according to the scheme, mark the places for drilling holes on the walls and prepare the pipes. Opening for inflow fresh air will be located on the side of the vehicle entrance at a distance of 10–15 cm from the floor. The dimensions of the hole depend on the section of the pipe you have chosen (160–180 mm). You can do it as shown in the picture below. Hole diameter calculations for single-channel natural ventilation are already given in the previous paragraph.

Openings are used to bring fresh air into the room.

• In the second step, make holes at the indicated height from the floor, which are needed for pipes that serve as an air inlet. When the holes are made, they are protected from external contamination by a grate or special blinds.

Important! If the garage is built of brick or concrete, then a perforator is used so as not to destroy the masonry and prevent the coating from cracking.

Any novice builder can draw such a diagram.

• At the third stage, extraction is carried out. For a natural system, the exhaust duct is located opposite the air intake, at a distance of 10–15 cm from the ceiling. For correct operation the cross section of the hole for the inflow of air is made smaller (two or three times) than the diameter for the outflow. The equipment for making the exhaust channel is the same as for the supply one.
• The air duct is made of tin or asbestos. It is inserted into a prepared place and rises at least half a meter above the roof. This factor affects the intensity of air exchange in the room.

The seams between the pipe and the wall are best filled with sealant

• At the next stage, with the help of a sealant, the distance between the pipe and the wall is filled. When choosing a material, pay attention to the quality of the hitch. In order for the structure to be durable, the adhesion must be very good. Taking into account what the garage and pipe are made of, acrylic or polyurethane mixtures are most often chosen. They guarantee good adhesion of materials with different physical properties(wood, metal, concrete, brick).

Air ducts are thermally insulated and equipped with gratings to protect against dust, dirt and debris. Blinds and gratings prevent rodents from entering the room and damaging electrical wiring or food stored in the basement. For guard exhaust pipe from atmospheric precipitation, a dome is built from above.

This is the final stage of building a natural ventilation system in the garage. Remember that this option is not effective in extreme heat.

In conclusion, we remind you that materials and components should be selected only at certified points of sale, then the ventilation will last for many years without causing trouble. Do care and cleaning at least once a month, and in the autumn-spring period - every week, since at this time there is a high probability of contamination.

Garage space is a special space to which increased demands should be made. Here it is necessary to provide not only decent thermal insulation and waterproofing, but also effective ventilation. It has great value for the safety of the car, protection of metal from corrosion. It is essential to prevent condensation from forming. And for this you need a good hood in the garage.

Ventilation will always eliminate excess moisture in time. Today we will look at how to make a do-it-yourself hood in the garage so that everything works efficiently and economically, without failures. We will find out what types of ventilation systems are, how to equip everything with high quality. We will pay special attention to the hoods in the garage, located above the painting area and in the cellar.

Some motorists, unfortunately, do not pay due attention to the ventilation system. And they believe that it is quite possible to do without it, the hood in the garage is not needed, especially if the room is well heated, there is decent waterproofing.

• In fact, it is necessary to install an effective hood in the garage room, take care of smooth operation ventilation system as a whole. Let us outline only the most significant factors.
• When the car long time located in the garage, there is a high probability of metal corrosion. Only ventilation will help to eliminate all excess moisture in time, especially in winter.
• If it’s raining outside, the humidity level is just high, or it’s cold enough there, due to which there is a strong temperature difference between the outside and inside the garage, the car turns out to be wet. It is extremely difficult to wipe everything perfectly. When ventilation works well, moisture evaporates on its own.
• Of course, combustible materials are stored in the garage, items that can provoke the evaporation of toxic substances. In addition, garage workers can paint their cars and carry out repairs. And here you simply cannot do without a good hood to ensure safety and comfort.

The conclusion is clear: a garage hood is necessary.

Garage ventilation schemes

If you decide to make a hood in your garage yourself, first you need to decide on the type of ventilation system. There are three most commonly used options today.

• You can equip the hood using mechanical devices. Such ventilation will be forced.
• Some try to make a natural ventilation system.
• A good solution is to design combined ventilation.

Natural exhaust is done quite quickly, and the installation process is not so complicated, it does not require significant investments. True, the efficiency of such ventilation is also not so high. The hood works only due to the temperature difference outside and inside the garage. Such a system is not very suitable for buildings made of brick and foam blocks, as well as cellars.

The mechanical hood works thanks to the installed fan. Its efficiency will already be much higher. When to use combined option, it is possible to ensure an effective outflow of air due to the installation of a fan, but the inflow of air flow is already stimulated in a natural way.

Mechanical hood: do it yourself

Consider how to make a hood in the garage using a mechanical fan. Thus, forced ventilation with a sufficiently high level of efficiency is equipped. The whole space will be well ventilated, the air will become clean and fresh, which is especially important in the garage. In addition, a normal atmosphere will be established in the inspection hole, in the cellar.

Experienced garage workers note that such forced ventilation can be very successfully combined with space heating. To do this, install heating elements on the inlet openings. And not only fresh, but also heated air flows into the room.

Two important factors must be taken into account here.

• Protected electrical cables must be routed to the exhaust openings in advance to ensure uninterruptible power supply fan.
• The supply opening must be mounted from above. But the hood is located on the opposite side.

Mechanical forced ventilation - great option to improve efficiency.

We make natural ventilation in the garage

Now we will learn how to properly make a hood in the garage if you choose a natural ventilation system. It will be necessary to ensure normal air circulation, and for this, the difference in pressure between cold and warm air flows must be constantly observed. It is necessary to equip two ventilation ducts in accordance with certain rules. And it is best to organize such a ventilation system at the stage of building a garage. Remember important tips.

1. The hole for the inflow of air flow from the street is located at a distance of 100 mm from the floor. The hood itself should be at a distance of 300 mm from the floor.
2. It is very important to protect the ventilation system from the ingress of various rodents, insects, and all kinds of debris. To do this, special frequent grilles, nets are installed on the ventilation openings.
3. It is possible to supplement the system with a deflector. It will provide a difference in pressure, significantly increase the efficiency of ventilation. The deflector must be additionally insulated so that condensate does not accumulate on it.

Unfortunately, natural extraction has several significant disadvantages that should not be forgotten.

• When people are in the garage room, a draft can be strongly felt between the two air outlets and air inlets.
• On hot days, such ventilation practically does not function, since there is no necessary temperature difference, and sometimes it is even cooler in the garage than outside.
• Ventilation should be regularly thoroughly cleaned of accumulated dust and debris.

Find out more about other possibilities for garage ventilation in order to choose the best option.

Forced ventilation

Of course, it is forced ventilation that allows you to increase the efficiency of air exchange in the garage room. To equip a functional, efficient system, you need to stock up on the following equipment.

• You need a push mechanism. You will need a fan, heater and filter.
• Be sure to use extraction equipment. You can make one channel for air outflow, or two hoods at once.

The air mass in the supply mechanism is heated, after which it is cleaned by a filter. The air is then distributed throughout the system. An axial fan will be able to bring dirty air out into the street, and already cleaned air into the garage. It is possible to ensure uniform distribution of air throughout the garage thanks to ducted air ducts.

Combined ventilation: we make an effective hood in the garage

If you stop after all on a combined ventilation system, you can quickly smooth out all the disadvantages of natural ventilation and at the same time meet a modest budget. You will need to use an electric exhaust fan. You can make roof fans by installing them on the roof. Another option is to attach the fans to the walls, making them axial.

There is interesting solution: some practical garage workers install windmills on the structure. Then, in the presence of wind, you can turn off the electric fan altogether, achieving maximum savings.

A good solution is to supplement the system with a timer to constantly adjust its operation. This will ensure safety and savings.

Hood in basement garage

It is important to take care of good ventilation in the basement, cellar of the garage. This will prevent the formation of fungus, mold, condensation. Since the cellar in the garage usually has a small area, motorists prefer to limit themselves to a natural ventilation system. The hood is installed at the top, and the air intake channel is at the bottom.

Be sure to make and air ducts for the inflow and outflow of air. The end of the pipe lowered into the basement of the garage must be at a maximum distance of 20 cm from the floor. The other end of the pipe is brought out. The exhaust air is discharged to the roof: there the duct must protrude above the roof.

Experts note that when installing ventilation, exhaust hoods in the basement cellar, it is necessary to minimize the number of turns and knees. Each bend reduces the efficiency of the ventilation system. Also, remember to protect the hoods with grilles.

Ventilation above the paint area

Car enthusiasts are often engaged in repairing and painting cars in the garage. Of course, during the staining process, a lot of toxic compounds are released that are potentially hazardous to health. It is important to provide this area with an additional hood. At the same time, experts and more far-sighted garage workers note that the ventilation system above the painting area should also be equipped with filters.

Please note: the hood must be forced above the painting area. Natural ventilation in such a dangerous place will not be enough, since it has a rather low efficiency. The air must be cleaned of harmful chemical compounds as quickly as possible.

Most good decision– install a forced ventilation system with two fans. One fan will increase the outflow of polluted air, and the other will provide active injection of clean air. It is better to install filters on both air ducts, for outflow and inflow.

It is also important to provide normal conditions for the work itself in the garage. For example, when the body is being painted, any smallest speck that has fallen from the air instantly stands out on fresh paint. That is why the floor in the garage room must be moistened before work, and the air inlet must be reliably protected by a filter. Then particles of litter and dust will not penetrate into the room.

When the hood with filter is properly installed, it will not allow harmful toxic fumes to enter the atmosphere. Remember about the proper location of the air ducts. The exhaust duct is located at the bottom, but the opening for the influx of fresh air is mounted under the ceiling of the garage room. Then the harmful vapors will sink down and immediately quickly eliminated from the garage.

Video: more useful information about the hood in the garage

Do you want to get a better idea about the arrangement of ventilation in the garage? Then this video material will definitely come in handy for you. A lot of useful information has been collected here, there are good tips from experienced motorists who made hoods in garages.

Particular attention, of course, deserves ventilation in the basement or cellar of the garage. An effective ventilation system must also be installed there. Try to remember everything valuable advice, important information from the next video clip.

Of course, the material is well perceived and remembered when everything is presented in video format. See also our photos, diagrams. And you will certainly be able to make a high-quality hood for the garage.

Climate

The presence of properly organized ventilation in the bathroom allows you to provide a normal microclimate in the garage for storing a car and all accessories in it. Improperly equipped ventilation contributes to an increase or decrease in humidity in the room, as a result of which corrosion occurs or an unpleasant odor appears. How to properly make a hood in the garage, we will consider further.

Before starting work on the hood in the garage, you should study the requirements that are presented in certain standards for the arrangement of garage premises. For one hour, about one hundred and eighty liters of air should enter the room.

There are three main types of ventilation systems in the garage:

• natural type ventilation - the principle of its operation is the difference between the temperature in the room and on the street, thus, under the influence of pressure, warm air comes out, and cold air arrives in the garage;
• mechanical or forced type ventilation is installed if there is not enough natural ventilation for the air exchange of the garage, the principle of its operation is to install special exhaust or ventilation devices that contribute to air exchange;
• the combined type of ventilation involves the combination of the two previous options and the use of both natural and forced ventilation.

Natural and forced ventilation involves the use of one or two channels, which require a pipe, most often made of cement or asbestos, to form a hole. Its diameter depends on total area room and air flow in it.

The need to equip the ventilation system in the garage room is also explained by the fact that it contains a large number of highly flammable substances, so the accumulation of air can cause them to ignite. Each garage must have ventilation that meets these requirements:

1. Prevention of congestion different kind gases, exhaust, gasoline or automotive chemicals. Thus, it will be possible to secure both the room and the people who are in it.

2. In addition, ventilation in the garage should provide a healthy microclimate and regulate humidity levels. The presence of excessive moisture provokes the development of corrosion and further damage to the car.

3. The presence of a normal ventilation system saves the room from the appearance of condensate masses on its walls, provoking instrument corrosion.

In addition, ventilation in the garage saves its walls from mold and fungus, which provoke their damage, and are also dangerous to human health.

How to make a hood in the garage: features of the arrangement of natural ventilation

Natural air circulation is based on the transport of air flows from the room to the street due to the fact that there is a different pressure between warm and cold air. To ensure spontaneous air circulation, it is necessary to install not one, but two ventilation ducts.

The arrangement of natural ventilation is carried out, most often during the construction of the building itself, although it is also possible to manufacture it in an already operated garage. In order for air exchange to be carried out correctly, follow a series of actions:

• the hole through which fresh air enters the room should be located 100 mm from the bottom of the floor, and the air duct itself rises 300 mm above the floor so that there are no insects, insects, rodents with the system, it is recommended to install special nets on the holes;
• at a distance of 100 mm from the ceiling there is a second hole through which air is removed.

It is possible to replace the supply air ducts with special holes, which are located directly on the garage door. Please note that in this case, the area of ​​the duct should be doubled.

In order for polluted air to be removed at an instantaneous speed, it is recommended to install a deflector. It is mounted directly on the surface of the duct and performs the function of reducing pressure. Thus, without buying expensive equipment, it is possible to equip natural ventilation. To prevent the accumulation of condensate masses on the deflector, it is recommended to insulate it.

The principle of operation of this system and air exchange is based on these statements:

• air enters the room due to the fact that there is a difference between the density of the air outside and inside;
• the intensity of the system depends on the strength of the wind, which contributes to the replacement of air in the garage.

This method of arranging ventilation in the garage is primarily cheap, therefore it is often used among the owners of these premises, however, it has a number of disadvantages, among which it should be noted:

• on hot summer days, this type of ventilation system practically does not function, since the air in the garage is colder than on the street;
• if people are constantly present in the garage, then they will not be comfortable, due to the draft that forms between the two holes, in addition, there is a risk of getting sick;
• this system requires constant care and cleaning from dust, cobwebs and debris.

Combined ventilation: installing a hood in the garage

Installation of a combined ventilation system immediately smooths out all the shortcomings of natural ventilation. The arrangement of ventilation practically does not differ from the previous version, however, a special device is mounted on the exhaust shaft - an exhaust electric fan. There are several options:

• axial - mounted on the walls;
• roofing - mounted on the roof.

This option includes both savings Money and getting the best results for little money. This type of fan is characterized by low power consumption, and its cost is low. In addition, it is possible to make a do-it-yourself fan for an exhaust fan in the garage.

A small windmill installed on the structure will help reduce the cost of fan power consumption. Thus, the fan, in the presence of wind, will work without electricity.

Among the disadvantages of this type of ventilation, it should be noted the need for periodic monitoring of the system, namely, turning the fan off and on. Therefore, experts recommend also purchasing a timer that will automatically regulate the system's performance. Besides, in winter time, the air that enters the garage is not cleaned of dirt, so the system needs constant monitoring.

Features and principle of operation of the forced ventilation system

A mechanical or forced ventilation system has practically no drawbacks, except for the high cost of its arrangement. At any time of the year, at any air temperature in a room with such ventilation, there will be a comfortable atmosphere.

Especially if the garage is located in the basement, then only this type of ventilation is suitable for its ventilation.

Hood in the garage photo:

To ensure the operability of this system, two modules are required:

• supply mechanism, it includes a filter, a heater and a fan;
• exhaust equipment - differs in equipment in the form of one channel mechanism or two ventilation.

The air in the supply mechanism is heated, and then it is cleaned by a filtration system. Then it enters the mechanism for distributing air through the system. The axial fan brings dirty air outside, and the purified air enters the room. It is possible to install duct ducts that contribute to the uniform distribution of air in the garage.

In addition, forced ventilation is provided by the installation of a monoblock type system, which consists of two blocks that function as an extractor hood that processes and supplies air to the room. If there is a recupetarot in the form of plates on the monoblock, it works more economically.

Do-it-yourself garage hood: ventilation technology

To complete the work, you will need:

• perforator;
• grinders;
• sealant;
• steel or plastic pipes;
• steel gratings;
• fan.

If the garage has a cellar, then cheaper and simple option arrangement of ventilation is the equipment of the ventilation system of natural type. To do this, you must perform a series of actions:

1. Determine the area of ​​the room in which the work will be carried out. This is necessary in order to determine the diameter of the exhaust holes. For twenty square meters, it is necessary to install an air duct with a diameter of 30 cm. In this case, it is recommended to install two pipes, each of which has a diameter of 15 cm.

4. At the next stage of work, all the voids formed after the installation of the pipes should be filled with a sealant. Please note that the sealant must be High Quality, since with its help it is necessary to combine materials of different composition.

5. In addition, special grilles are mounted on the air ducts to protect them from dirt and insects. To prevent atmospheric precipitation from entering the exhaust system, a dome-shaped structure is built above it.

6. Please note that the efficiency of this ventilation is ensured only at a time when the outside air temperature does not exceed 15 degrees. Otherwise, it will be necessary to install special devices that provide forced air circulation.

Exhaust hood in the garage, scheme for arranging combined ventilation

The initial stage of the arrangement of the ventilation system combined type, the same as in the arrangement of natural ventilation. The system includes the presence of various kinds of hoods, supply air ducts, pipes and two or more holes. However, the air supply and intake openings are located in any convenient place for this.

Please note that this type of ventilation allows you to circulate air in the garage not only in summer, but also in winter. When choosing a fan for a system, it is better to opt for devices with low noise performance, good power, and high energy efficiency.

Garage hood for car painting

In the process of constant work in the garage room, various kinds of substances are present in the air, since the garage is a closed space, it is necessary to equip it with good ventilation.

If the garage is used for painting cars, but also requires a heating system for the air entering it from the street in winter.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main fans installed in the garage for painting:

1. Channel type fans - they are able to create a lot of pressure for air circulation in the system. At the same time, when installing such a fan, it is not necessary to make a large hole under it.

2. Axial fan - needs to make a large hole under it, which spoils a little appearance walls. These types of fans are characterized by good performance qualities.

3. Radial type fans - the least popular due to their high cost. But, at the same time, these types of fans are quite effective in garages where cars are painted.

We invite you to review the installation instructions. duct fan:

• this type of fan is distinguished by the presence of two holes, each of which has a different diameter;
• during the installation process, you will need clamps, air ducts, preferably corrugated, plastic fasteners;
• first you need to make a hole in the wall, an air duct is mounted in it;
• for work you will need a perforator, hammer and chisel;
• install the plastic nozzle fasteners on the air duct opening, install the fan on it;

• connect the fan and corrugation with clamps;
• make another hole to compensate for the hood, on the opposite side.

Hood in the garage video:

How to make a hood in the garage with your own hands

Most of the garages that car owners use are not new at all. That is why it is very rare to find a well-ventilated dry garage. Despite this, every car owner wants to keep his car in good both external and technical condition. And given that the crop you have grown is often stored in the cellar of the garage, the need for a good microclimate doubles.

Due to improperly installed ventilation or without its absence, the room may have a reduced or increased level of humidity, as a result of which there may be an unpleasant smell, corrosion and other unpleasant moments in the garage. This article will discuss how to properly make a hood in the garage. And also we will tell you how to make a hood for the basement.

Do-it-yourself hood in the garage

Before you start making your own hood, familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for arranging it in a garage. You should know that no less than 180 liters of fresh air should flow into this room.

There are three main types of ventilation systems in the garage:

When using natural or forced ventilation, one or two channels are made, usually in the form of a pipe, they can be made of asbestos or ordinary cement. The diameter of the pipe depends on the area of ​​​​the garage and the air flow. For example, if in a small room repair work is constantly being carried out by several people, then the diameter of the corrugation should be much larger than in a large garage, which serves solely for the purpose of storing a car.

This room needs good ventilation because it stores a lot of flammable compounds such as gasoline, cleaning chemicals for machine parts, oils and more. Due to the large presence of such substances, as well as the accumulation of heavy warm air fire may occur. Regardless of the age of your garage, it must meet the following requirements:

When using high-quality ventilation, you will protect both your car, as well as tools and iron materials from corrosion, so you will extend their service life. And more importantly, you will protect your walls from mold and mildew, which are dangerous to your health.

Forced ventilation

If you have thought carefully about which ventilation option is best for you and settled on the choice of mechanical ventilation, then you will never regret that you made this decision. Such a device has practically no drawbacks, in any weather, air temperature, at any time of the year, indoors with such ventilation you will feel comfortable. Of course, provided that the walls, ceiling and floor are well insulated. The only drawback is the high price for the purchase of all necessary materials. However, it is worth considering that such ventilation can serve not only for the garage itself, but also as an exhaust hood in the basement of the garage.

For this mechanism to work, two essential components are required:

1. Extraction equipment. This includes a single-channel mechanism or a mechanism with two fans.
2. Supply mechanism. It has a range of attachments such as a fan, heater and special filters.

How is this mechanism filtered? The forced ventilation mechanism is quite complex, all work is done quite clearly and consistently. Filtering occurs in the following order:

• the air that is in the flow mechanism is heated and then it is cleaned through the filtration system:
• after filtering, clean air enters the distribution system, due to which it is evenly distributed throughout the room;
• excess dirty air is thrown out, and clean air is distributed throughout the system, this work is performed by an axial fan.

As you noticed, this complex mechanism is able to provide a room clean air, which will allow you to make your stay in the garage more comfortable. In addition, a garage is a place where a lot of dust constantly settles on the surface of walls, ceiling, floor and even on tools. That is why this room needs good ventilation.

natural ventilation

Natural ventilation is one of the most common, as a rule, many use it because it is simple and economical. Air ventilation during installation in a natural way is as follows: air flows in and out through the supply openings.

To perform ventilation work, you need to stock up on the following tools and materials:

• Bulgarian;
• perforator;
• protective grids;
• plastic pipes.

To do quality installation this device, you must strictly follow the instructions below.

The first thing to do is to calculate the area of ​​the ventilation holes. How to make such calculations? For example, if the dimensions of the garage are 6 by 3 m, then a suitable diameter for the hole will be 27 cm, in the case when two holes need to be made, then the diameter of each of them should be half the previous result.

Next, in the walls you need to make ventilation holes into which air ducts will be laid. The height of the hole from the floor should be from 10 to 15 cm. On the opposite wall, 10 cm from the ceiling, a hole is made for the outlet pipe. The minimum height above the roof level must be at least 50 cm. this work most convenient with a perforator.

After installing the pipes in the channels you have made, the pipe joints must be covered with sealant, so you will get rid of possible gaps and through holes. To protect the ventilation from the penetration of rodents into it, it is necessary to install special grilles that can protect expensive materials.

The natural ventilation scheme in the garage is quite simple, however, before installing it, it is worth considering that in hot weather the hood in the garage will not be able to provide the room with fresh air.

Combined ventilation

The installation of a combined ventilation system is practically no different from the installation of natural ventilation. When installing this type of hood, it is necessary to lay the same pipes and in the same order as with a natural type of ventilation. The only difference between them is that an exhaust electric fan is additionally attached to the exhaust shaft of this fan. There are several such fans:

This material is quite high quality, despite its low price, however, the low price of this device is a big plus. Another advantage of this hood is the low power consumption. In addition, for greater savings, you can make a windmill that will reduce energy costs. It is installed at the outlet of the pipe from the room.

The disadvantage of this system is that you will have to periodically turn the fans on and off, thereby protecting it from overheating. For more convenient use, it is recommended to install a special timer that will regulate the operation of the hood. Moreover, in winter, the hood does not purify the air, so it needs constant care.

Conclusion

Now you know how to make a hood in the garage. And also you learned that the hood in the basement of the garage has enough big influence on the microclimate in the room. We are sure that guided by the tips read in this article, you will do a quality job. Don't be afraid to complete this at first glance, hard work and in this way, you can save a lot of money and gain experience that will be useful to you in the future.

We make a hood for the garage with our own hands

The garage is designed to protect the car from thieves and adverse weather conditions. However, the wrong microclimate in the garage can cause stagnation of dirty, musty air, high levels of humidity and poor health of the car owner. The hood in the garage will help to avoid such unpleasant phenomena. Most car owners equip ventilation with their own hands, however, before embarking on such work, you need to know how to do it correctly.

Why do you need a hood in the garage?

Many people believe that ventilation is not necessary in non-residential premises. However, the presence of a hood for the garage is necessary, since its absence can lead to such consequences:

• With high humidity, moisture settles on the metal parts of the body, electronic devices and car parts, which leads to corrosion and the appearance of mold and fungus inside and outside the cabin. In addition, the shelving and tools available in the garage also become unusable over time;
• lack of ventilation contributes to the accumulation of exhaust gases and evaporation products of gasoline or diesel fuel in the room. This can cause a deterioration in well-being, the occurrence of headaches, and even poisoning.

Types of ventilation

The garage can be equipped in the basement or on the street. The options for arranging a room with a ventilation system in both cases are almost the same, however, basement and semi-basement garages must be equipped with special exhaust systems, since air circulates poorly in such rooms, resulting in unpleasant odors and dampness. The photo shows a variant of the organization of ventilation in the basement:

There are three ways to organize a ventilation system:

Natural. This type ventilation is carried out by circulating air through slots in gates and windows, as well as through special ventilation openings.

Forced. To equip the garage with forced ventilation, the ventilation openings are equipped with special devices that contribute to the quick and efficient removal of dirty air from the room and provide fresh air.

Mixed. It is a natural ventilation in combination with an exhaust, when the garage is equipped with a special exhaust to remove the exhausted dirty air.

The norms of SNiP established that the volume of fresh air entering the garage should be 180 liters per hour, and during the day the air should completely change 6-10 times.

Do-it-yourself hood organization

When equipping a hood for a garage with your own hands, it must be borne in mind that the pipes used can be made of metal, plastic or asbestos. Moreover, their diameter will depend on the volume of air that needs to be replaced. According to current regulations, a diameter of 15 mm is required per 1 m². For example, to equip a garage with an area of ​​​​10 m², pipes with a cross section of 150 mm should be used.

To make ventilation with your own hands, you need to prepare:

• metal gratings;
• Pipes 100-200 mm;
• exhaust fans;
• grinder;
• perforator;
• sealant.

DIY installation process

1. First of all, natural ventilation should be organized in the garage. To do this, the following calculation is performed: for example, the size of the garage is 6:4 m, and its area, respectively, is 24 m². Since 1 m² of area requires a diameter of 15 mm, multiply 24 m² by 15 mm. As a result, the diameter of the ventilation ducts will be 36 cm. However, the obtained value is relevant only if the garage is equipped with only one supply hood and one supply duct. In the presence of two extracts, the obtained value (36) should be divided by two.
2. Having calculated what diameter the pipes should be, holes of the appropriate size are made in the walls of the garage using a perforator. Holes for inflow are made at a height of about 15 cm above the floor.

1. The exhaust holes should be located on the opposite wall below the ceiling level by about 10-15 cm. Next, a pipe is inserted into the hole made, which is brought out 50 cm or more above the roof level. The intensity of air exchange depends on the length of the pipe protruding above the roof: the higher it is, the more efficient the air exchange inside the garage will be.
2. The holes that remain between the pipes and walls must be filled with sealant. To protect the duct from debris, foreign objects and rodents, metal gratings are used to close the ends of the pipes. Small domes are used to protect the top tube from rain and snow.
3. When the arrangement of natural ventilation is ready, it is necessary to equip the exhaust ducts with fans. At the same time, only the hood for the garage is equipped with fans, and air will naturally flow into the air inlets. When purchasing fans, it is advisable to choose models that operate as quietly as possible, since during operation exhaust system too loud operation of the fans will interfere with the car owner. The photo shows an exhaust device used to ensure efficient and fast air outflow:

It should be noted that the supply holes can be made not in the garage wall, but at the bottom of the gate. To do this, holes are made in the gates, which are closed with metal bars. In this case, the size of the holes should be 2-3 times larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe.

To speed up the process of removing air, you can use a deflector. Thanks to this device, mounted in the duct, a reduced pressure is created, which contributes to a faster and more efficient removal of dirty air from the room. To prevent condensation on the deflector, it must be equipped with thermal insulation.

Hood for a viewing hole

Many car owners use a viewing hole not only for repair work, but also for storing keys, fuel, oil, tools. In addition, for convenience, many pits are equipped with electric lighting. Therefore, it is also necessary to maintain the correct microclimate in the pit.

The hood for the garage is different from the hood viewing hole the fact that the latter does not need to be equipped with fans. To maintain the correct level of humidity in it, it is enough to install two pipes in the corners. One of them should be located very low at the bottom of the pit, and the other in the opposite corner at a height of 10 cm from the top level of the pit. To protect the duct from debris, its ends are equipped with special gratings.

It should be remembered that in winter a large amount of moisture is released from the inspection hole into the garage, which practically does not evaporate due to the cold. Therefore, experienced car owners always bury the pit with wooden boards in the cold season.

Neglecting such a moment as organizing a hood for a garage can lead to quite unpleasant consequences. Therefore, each car owner should know how to make a hood in the garage with his own hands, how to correctly calculate the volume of air that should enter the room, and what diameter pipes should be used.

Do-it-yourself hood in the garage: installation features, technology and recommendations

Garage owners should take care to create proper ventilation. The safety of both the vehicle itself and other things in the room depends on this. Also, proper ventilation makes the owner's stay inside the building safe.

The hood in the garage can be mounted with your own hands. To do this, the owner of the building must familiarize himself with the basic requirements put forward for this process, as well as with the sequence and procedure. A serious attitude to the importance of such work will allow you to create a high-quality, reliable system.

The need for ventilation

The hood in the garage should be equipped regardless of whether there is heating in the building or not. This requirement is made for several reasons. Some car owners believe that non-residential premises do not require ventilation. However, this is a big misconception.

In a room where there is no proper ventilation, dampness appears. Enhanced Level Humidity has a detrimental effect primarily on metal surfaces, such as a car body. Also, over time, electronic devices begin to fail, as well as all the electrics of the machine. If there is a cellar in the garage or tools, conservation, etc. are simply stored, the rotting processes will also affect them. Fungus will appear on the walls. It will quickly spread to all metal and wood surfaces inside the building.

In addition to dampness, a toxic environment forms inside a garage without ventilation. The owner of the building has headaches, respiratory diseases. Perhaps even severe poisoning. Toxins accumulate as a result of incomplete combustion of fuel. Even if an unpleasant smell is not felt by the owner of the garage for some time, over time, toxic substances will be significantly concentrated in the air.

Primary requirements

Sanitary standards regulate that the fresh air intake must be at least 180 m³ / h. At the same time, the temperature inside the building should not fall below 5ºС. Renewal of air masses inside the premises should occur at least 6 times a day.

A ventilation system is required in two-story and ordinary buildings. If the garage has a workshop upstairs, a viewing hole or other premises, it is required to ensure high-quality air exchange everywhere. If the garage has a cellar, an independent ventilation system is created in it. Otherwise, dampness will accumulate here, an unpleasant smell will appear.

Types of ventilation

When studying the question of how to make a hood in the garage, you should consider the types of arrangement of such a system. There are three types of ventilation in total.

The first group includes a natural type hood. Her work is based on the principle of the difference between the temperature outside and inside the building. Such a difference creates a certain pressure, due to which warm air masses come out of the garage. At the same time, they carry dampness and toxins with them. Clean cold air enters the garage.

Forced (mechanical) ventilation can be installed when there is insufficient natural air exchange. In this case, special devices supply the necessary amount of fresh air to the room. The third group includes the combined system. It involves the simultaneous installation of the above types of systems.

ventilation ducts

Pipes for ventilation can be asbestos or metal. Their diameter is calculated based on the required air exchange. Building regulations talk about the need to make the right calculation. It is necessary to measure the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garage and multiply it by 15 mm. This will be the required size of the ventilation duct.

For example, a 10 m² garage requires a pipe with a diameter of 150 mm. This formula is most often used in the arrangement of natural ventilation. For a forced and combined type system, you need to calculate the third part of the garage area. It will be equal to the sum of all the ventilation ducts that the room needs.

natural ventilation

Proper exhaust in the cellar of the garage, as well as in the main room, can be created according to the natural principle of air exchange. There are a number of requirements that the master must comply with when planning.

The ventilation inlet opening should be created at a level of 10 cm from the level of the base of the room. The duct itself should be above the floor at a height of 30 cm. To prevent rodents and insects from entering the system, protective nets can be installed at the entrance.

The second hole should be at a level of 10 cm from the ceiling. If the supply air will flow directly through the openings on the gate, their diameter must be increased by 2 times.

To speed up air exchange, a deflector can be installed on the opening of the system. It will lower the pressure. Such a device needs high-quality thermal insulation. This is a fairly cheap method of arranging ventilation in the garage. However, on hot days, such a system practically does not function. Even if the ventilation works, it will be uncomfortable inside the building due to the draft.

mechanical system

Proper exhaust in the cellar of the garage and in its main room is most easily created using combined and forced ventilation mechanisms. This is one of best solutions. Such a system is not affected by weather conditions. If the garage is in the basement, natural ventilation will be unacceptable.

The forced ventilation system consists of two modules. The first of them includes a heater, a fan and a filter, and the second one - one or two channels. In this case, the air masses in the system are heated, and then pass through the filter. After cleaning, they enter the distribution mechanism. The fan removes polluted air from the room, and the purified air enters the garage.

Combined ventilation

The hood in the garage can be combined. This approach eliminates the disadvantages of natural ventilation. In this case, special equipment is mounted on the channel of the system. The electric fan can be axial or roofing. The cost of such devices is relatively low.

To reduce the power consumption of the system, you can install a small windmill. If the weather is windy, the equipment will work autonomously without requiring electricity.

The disadvantage of the presented system is the need for periodic monitoring, restarting the fan. Also, in winter, the air will not be cleaned well enough. This will lead to the need for constant cleaning of the system.

painting garage

The hood in the garage for painting has several features. A closed space, in which there is a large amount of toxic substances, needs high-quality cleaning and ventilation. Otherwise, the health of people who are involved in the process of painting cars can be significantly damaged.

When operating the garage in this way, it is extremely important to provide for the heating of the air coming from outside in winter. For this, special fans are used. These include channel, axial and radial type devices. The first group of devices creates a lot of pressure and good air circulation.

disadvantage axial fans is the need to make large holes for them in the walls. However, such devices are characterized by high performance. Radial fans are relatively expensive, so they are not very popular. But for a garage where cars are painted, such devices are ideal.

Self-assembly

Do-it-yourself hood in the garage is quite simple. To do this, it is necessary to prepare the appropriate tool, the components of the system (grinder, perforator, ventilation pipes, grilles, fan, sealant).

If the garage has a cellar, you can create a natural air exhaust. Before starting work, a calculation is performed. It is necessary to measure the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and calculate the width of the ventilation ducts using the above method.

The hood is mounted at a distance of 10 cm from the ceiling. The pipe goes to the roof. It should be 50 cm above the roof level. All voids after installation of pipes are filled with sealant. Grids are installed on the pipes, a dome is mounted on the roof above the outlet.

Installation of combined ventilation

The hood in the basement of the garage, as well as in the upper rooms in the winter season, should be either combined or forced. Installation of a mixed type of system at the initial stage is carried out in the same way as in the previous case. In such ventilation, it is necessary to provide for the presence of an exhaust hood, pipes, supply air ducts and several holes for air exchange (they are created in any convenient places garage).

The fan power must be sufficient for the room. At the same time, the device must be energy efficient and produce little noise.

Installation of a duct fan

The hood in the garage can be mounted with the participation of a duct fan. This will require 2 holes. different diameter. A hole is made in the wall, into which a plastic nozzle is first installed. Next, a fan is mounted in it. The device is connected to the corrugated pipe using clamps.

Having considered the technology for creating a hood in the garage, as well as the importance of arranging such a system, each owner of such a room will be able to do all the work with high quality. If you wish, you can do it yourself. The absence of dampness and toxic substances inside the garage will allow it to be operated in in full long time.

The standard design of the garage provides for at least one ventilation system in which the air in the room is exchanged through natural ventilation. It is clear that the performance and pressure in this case are significantly inferior to forced ventilation schemes using fans and blowers, but natural ventilation in the garage has an invaluable quality - almost one hundred percent reliability and stability of operation when it is properly designed.

The principle of operation and the scheme of natural ventilation

At the heart of the air exchange system without the use of various blowing fan devices is the principle hot air balloon- warm air is displaced from the garage or basement due to the hydrostatic pressure of the colder and heavier outdoor air column. The difference in density and specific gravity cold and warm air is very small, but still it is enough to provide natural air exchange at a rate of 3-4 measures per hour.

The natural ventilation system has some "innate" disadvantages:

• Low productivity in a standard garage, slightly increasing in the cold season and decreasing to almost a minimum in the summer heat;
• High sensitivity to all kinds of turns with illiterate balancing of air flows inside the garage;
• The need for careful selection of the parameters of the air ducts and the location of the supply windows and the exhaust pipe.

Important! Nevertheless, despite the above difficulties, natural ventilation is very widely used for arranging all kinds of premises and buildings, including basements and garages, due to its extraordinary simplicity and reliability.

In fact, even in sizzling heat, the natural movement of air through the pipes of the ducts does not stop to zero. At any temperature, there is always a horizontal movement of air, in the heat or severe frost it is barely perceptible, but it is, therefore, natural ventilation, unlike forced systems venting, never dies to the end.

Such performance is clearly not enough for full ventilation of the garage, but it is still better than a complete stop of air movement in ventilation systems, for example, during a power outage or motor burnout.

How to make effective natural ventilation

In order for the natural air exchange system to meet the minimum sanitary requirements for the garage room, the following points must be taken into account when planning and arranging it:

1. The inlet openings should be located at the lowest possible distance from the surface of the earth, they try to place the cut of the exhaust pipe at the maximum height. In this case, there can be several supplies, and there is only one exhaust pipe for the garage, for the basement it is necessary to install its own separate exhaust pipe;
2. To reduce the number of stagnant zones and ensure maximum flow around vehicles stored in the garage, ventilation windows should be made at the maximum horizontal distance from the exhaust pipe.
3. To ensure ventilation of a room with an area of ​​15 m 2 with a normal air exchange rate of 4-5 times per hour, a 100 mm exhaust pipe is required. With an increase in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garage with each additional square meter pipe diameter is increased by 10 mm.

Advice! Thus, for the natural ventilation of a standard garage of 24 m2, a pipe of almost 200 mm is theoretically required. In practice, such exhaust channels are not used; instead of one thick pipe, two "hundreds" are installed.

In addition, the above calculation was carried out for standard height cut of the ventilation pipe 3000 mm above the ground. One garage ventilation pipe, raised to a height of 5 m, will show a performance of 40% more than the total throughput of two pipes with an installation height of 3 m.

An increase in the diameter of the exhaust channel from the calculated value does not always lead to an increase in thrust. Reducing the diameter makes natural ventilation work more stable, but reduces performance. The optimal value of natural ventilation performance can be obtained based on the above calculations. In this case, the dimensions of the supply windows must correspond to the diameter of the hood.

Features of the layout and arrangement of natural ventilation of the garage

The simplest version of building a natural ventilation system is shown in the diagram.

For the intake of natural ventilation of external air, cold and heavy, two supply windows with a diameter equal to the diameter of the exhaust pipe are used. Due to the fact that the entrance to the ventilation is located at the lowest possible height, only 10-15 cm above the ground, the window cut is most often closed with a perforated steel plate to prevent insects and rodents from entering the garage. Because of the lattice, the usable area of ​​the fence windows is halved, so two windows have to be installed.

If a car or other vehicle is stored in the garage, natural ventilation windows are often made in the form of ventilation grilles on the bottom of the garage door. Exhaust ventilation is located on the rear wall in the form of two intake pipes of small diameter, approximately 50-70 mm. The receiving window of one of the pipes is installed near the ceiling, the second at a height of 60-70 cm above the floor. As a result, most of the air drawn in by the natural ventilation of the garage will be divided into two streams. The third part of the air mass will flow under the car, heat up and be sucked in by the lower cut of the exhaust system. Two-thirds of the flow will flow around the car along outer surface, and be sucked in by the ceiling-mounted exhaust duct.

Thus, the owner of the garage has the opportunity to keep his car in perfect condition without the use of expensive supply and exhaust ventilation. If desired, it is enough just to assemble the natural ventilation of the garage with your own hands.

Construction of natural ventilation for the garage

To make a natural air exchange system for a garage room with your own hands, you need to do two simple things. First, use a cylindrical drill to cut a hole in the wall with a diameter of 120 mm. If the walls are reinforced with reinforcement, then it is easier to make an intake window in the form of a slot or several holes of a smaller diameter. The cut is located at a height of 20 cm above the blind area of ​​​​the garage foundation. We tighten the section of the receiving window with a thin steel mesh or a trellis to keep mice and rats from seeking shelter in the garage.

More difficult is the installation of the exhaust pipe. First of all, you will need an asbestos or plastic pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. Do not use steel, cast iron or tin aluminum pipes under the hood. Asbestos cement or fiberglass is best suited, at worst, an ordinary plastic sewer pipe reinforced with polyurethane foam winding. Forget about metal and get it out of your head. In a steel pipe, the air cools very quickly, and the thrust drops by almost half. In winter, you can easily get a back draft or blow when cold air goes inside the room through the exhaust duct.

To install the hood, choose a place in top point garage, crossing the room diagonally. We cut the hole for the hood carefully with several cylindrical drills for concrete. The higher the pipe, the better the draft, but the greater the danger of capsizing under gusts of wind or because of birds that can sit for hours on the warm protective visor of the ventilation system. In some cases, the lid is stuffed with sharp nails or screws. The base of the pipe is reinforced with a nozzle made of foam and roofing material.

Finally, the draft in the exhaust duct is checked with a small makeshift torch or cigarette smoke.

For the normal operation of the natural ventilation of the garage, the space between the supply window and the exhaust pipe should not be cluttered with cabinets, racks, or any objects that prevent the movement of air flows. If you need to provide a local air outlet in the garage, for example, from a desktop or workbench where welding work, in this case it is necessary to lay an additional air duct from the exhaust pipe to the place of work.

For the basement, a supply system is usually installed, while the intake windows are located at a height of 40 to 80 cm, and outdoor air directed into the basement additional channel made from the same sewer, steel or asbestos-cement pipe. To remove air, its own exhaust channel is made and installed, with a diameter of 60-70 mm.

Conclusion

The presence of a basement with a storage of vegetables affects the state of automotive equipment stored in the garage in the most negative way. Therefore, experts recommend either making a separate entrance to the basement, or equipping the garage with a forced air supply exhaust ventilation. Due to weak draft, natural ventilation requires regular brushing channels and ducts. At least once a year, natural ventilation ducts are burned with a torch from a rolled-up newspaper to remove great amount cobwebs and debris accumulated over the summer.