For an item such as a stove, a chimney is an indispensable thing. The choice of one or another chimney for a fireplace or bath depends primarily on the material from which it is made. In our online store we offer ceramic and stainless steel options.

Ceramic models are recognized as one of the most reliable. Their smoke channel is made of parts round shape from ceramics, and the outer skin - from expanded clay or concrete blocks. They have proven themselves well in working with firewood, gas, coal, and liquid fuels. The use of these products for fireplaces allows you to get a durable and reliable element of the thermal mechanism.

The main advantages of ceramic structures:

• Long service life;
• Possibility of application different kind fuel;
• Corrosion resistance;
• High fire resistance;
• Relatively fast heating and heat retention long time;
• Good fire safety;
• Excellent traction.

Of the minuses can be noted:

• The complexity of the installation;
• Great weight;
• Higher cost than other varieties.

Recently, stainless steel smoke exhaust systems have become very popular. Inner pipe here is made of heat-resistant steel.

The main advantages of stainless steel:

• Light weight, so there is no need for a foundation;
• Suitable for anyone heating equipment on any fuel;
• Attractive appearance;
• It can be represented by separate equipment or be part of a brick smoke exhaust system;
• Corrosion resistance;
• Easy installation;
• Ability to withstand elevated flue gas temperatures.

Buy a chimney inexpensively

In the Stoves Tut store, we offer chimneys with installation in a fairly wide range. We present chimneys made of various materials, as well as those working on different heating devices. All products in our catalog are different high quality manufacturing and reliability. We sell products from trusted manufacturers, so we can guarantee long term operation. All prices for chimneys in Moscow, indicated on our website, are profitable and affordable for everyone.

To make a purchase, it is enough to decide on the product, add it to the cart and proceed to payment. You can do it online by bank transfer using a card. Delivery is made by our employees in Moscow, the Moscow region, as well as in any corner of Russia. If necessary, we can perform the installation of the structure. If you have any difficulties with the selection of the perfect product, as well as additional questions, order a callback online directly on the site, and we will call you back at the specified number at the same minute. Our managers will listen to all your wishes and help you choose suitable option and provide full advice on each issue. The goal of our activity is to sell a quality product and provide a convenient service that will satisfy every customer.

For the manufacture of chimneys are used various materials, some of which have been in use for several centuries, while others have been actively used only a few years ago. Any type of smoke outlet has its own characteristics, so it is important to have an idea about each of them.

Chimney materials

The considered structural element of the heating system can be built from traditional building materials, but wealthy owners can also afford materials created according to the latest technologies. The choice of a solution for a particular house primarily depends on economic feasibility, requirements fire safety and aesthetic views of the homeowner. We advise you to study more information about in addition to this article.

Metal chimneys

As mentioned above, metal pipes for smoke removal are divided into single-layer and double-layer. Single-layer are a cylinder, which, as a rule, is installed inside a brick or ceramic chimney. Two-layer ones consist of two cylinders of different radii, between which a layer of heat-insulating material is placed, which is most often basalt mineral wool.

Advice! If the exterior design of your home is antique, then to maintain stylistic uniformity, the metal chimney can be covered with a copper casing.

Black metal

High-quality chimneys made of this material are covered with a layer of enamel on top, which reduces their susceptibility to burnout and corrosion. As a result, such a product can last for a long time at temperatures up to 500 ° C, while short-term drops up to 700 ° C are acceptable.

The key advantage of ferrous metal smoke exhaust pipes is the most low price, but performance characteristics do not allow them to be an effective solution for furnace heating working in intensive mode.

Stainless steel

This material is ideal for all types of chimneys. alloyed stainless steel tolerates temperatures well up to 850°C and also withstands peaks up to 1200°C. Earlier we already wrote about and recommended to bookmark the article.

AISI 321 is considered the best brand for structures of this type (they contain molybdenum impurities), but AISI 316 and AISI 304 are also widely used. It is worth noting that many unscrupulous manufacturers produce products from less heat-resistant grades, as a result of which they can burn out already after 10-15 years of light use.

Advice! When choosing a stainless steel chimney, be sure to ask about the quality of the steel. You can independently evaluate this parameter using a magnet: good steel It has a large number of alloying additives, as a result of which it is not magnetized.

Do-it-yourself sandwich chimney for a stove

The best choice for mounting furnace chimney DIY will be a stainless steel sandwich system. He looks good and responds to everyone modern standards fire safety. An important advantage is the fact that it is as simple as possible to assemble it alone, without having experience and special knowledge. It is enough to adhere to the following recommendations:

• The installation process should start from the bottom elements.
• In places where the pipe comes into contact with wood and other flammable materials (in the area of ​​​​the attic or roof), insulation, such as stone wool, must be used.
• In order to protect the surface of the ceiling, a steel platform must be installed in the area of ​​the chimney passage.
• In case of creation outer pipe it is necessary to include in the system tees designed to drain condensate.
• The above elements are inserted into the ones below.
• It is advisable to protect the top outlet of the chimney with a fungus, weather vane, deflector or spark arrester.

AT grabbing for → (the link tells how to make a stove in the country), the owner inevitably faces the question, how to make a chimney with your own hands. The chimney is needed both to remove combustion products and to create the so-called draft in the furnace, the air flow created by the pressure difference, which ensures the combustion of fuel and the removal of combustion products.

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What happens in the oven?

The combustion process from a chemical point of view is the process of oxidation, otherwise, the combination of substances and oxygen with the release of heat.

The result of the reaction, in addition to heat, will be the appearance of new compounds, as well as the transition of part of the fuel substances into a gaseous form. At the same time, in accordance with the law of conservation: how many substances by weight enter into the reaction, the same amount should be “at the exit”.

If this fuel is solid (coal, wood, peat, etc.), the lion's share of the rest of the weight will fall on the ash remaining in the furnace. In addition, we will get vaporous water, carbon dioxide etc.

Burning gas, or liquid fuel at the output we get carbon dioxide, water vapor and a set of other gaseous compounds. There will be practically no solid residue.

A bit of physics

Without realizing why and how smoke moves, it is problematic to make a chimney for a stove with your own hands, at least it may not be effective enough.

The mechanics here are quite simple: warm air has a lower density than cold air, which means less weight, therefore, according to the laws of physics, it “floats up”, being pushed out by heavier air.

During this process, it gradually cools down, mixes with the surrounding air and, having equalized, finally stops with it.

If we let warm air through a channel limited by walls that prevents it from mixing with the environment, it will cool much more slowly, especially if we make a chimney for the stove from a material that does not conduct heat well or additionally insulate it.

The longer the chimney, the larger the volume warm air in it, the greater the force it creates. Accordingly, the pressure of the air flow - thrust - is greater.

Interference and obstacles

The appearance of an area can interfere with the process of exiting smoke from the furnace high blood pressure, which, like a cork, will “plug” the chimney.

Cooled air in the chimney can become such an obstacle. That is why the increase in height chimney it makes sense only up to a certain limit, beyond which each centimeter of height will not increase thrust, but decrease it.

The chimney is a necessary part of the heating system of a private house. It ensures the proper functioning of the furnace or boiler, organizes the removal of harmful combustion products outside the housing.

We will try to figure out how to equip a chimney with our own hands so that heating communications are safe for both people and the house.

The requirements for the installation of heating devices are set out in normative documentation.

The installation of devices is regulated by the provisions SNiP 2.04.05–91 and DBN V.2.5-20-2001. Also, before drawing up a project, it is advisable to study materials on heating systems ( SNiP 41-01-2003), about heat generation devices ( NPB 252–98), about specifications for the operation of thermal devices ( GOST 9817–95), on the rules and regulations for the operation of smoke channels (VDPO).

The design of the chimney and installation features must fully comply with the requirements specified in the SNiP, otherwise you will not receive a certificate of inspection of the structure, which is issued after commissioning

Part of the requirements is addressed specifically to the device of chimneys. The design of the structure can be anything, but the material of manufacture must be non-combustible.

The materials used for the construction of chimneys can be:

• steel;
• ceramics;
• brick.

Without exception, all structures are prefabricated, and the installation itself is fragmentary, since the chimney passes through several rooms (for example, a room and an attic).

In order for the structure to meet fire safety requirements, it is necessary to correctly calculate its parameters, as well as select all the component parts by size. When installing factory equipment, it is necessary to follow all the recommendations set out in the instructions, including the assembly procedure and methods for mounting parts.

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The documentation contains certain provisions that also need to be taken into account, for example:

• the length of the chimney can be any, but not less than 5 m (height ventilation ducts- not less);
• the cross section of the pipe must correspond to the inlet in the generator or exceed it;
• a separate chimney is required for each heat generator;
• speed of flowing air inside the pipe - from 15 m/s to 20 m/s;
• determined by the material of manufacture (the norm for steel is at least 0.5 mm);
• for regular inspection and cleaning activities, chimneys are equipped with pockets (niches) 0.25 m deep;
• the maximum number of turns of the chimney - 3;
• the radius of curvature must exceed the diameter of the channel;
• the height of the pipe above the roof is regulated by the roof structure: on a flat one - 0.5 m; 0.5 above the roof, if it is located at a distance of 1.5 m (or less) from the ridge; equal to or greater than the axis of the ridge, if located at a distance of 1.5-3 m.

The order of erection of the structure has been established - necessarily from the bottom up, that is, from the heat generator (boiler, furnace) through the ceiling to the roof. In prefabricated structures, each subsequent pipe part is inserted into the previous one.

The working temperature of the sealants used to fix the parts must be at least 1000º. Outside, the connections are equipped with clamps, the fastening material should not get inside the chimney.

To fix the tee, support brackets are provided, and in order to avoid deflection of the channel, every 2 m on the wall it is necessary to fix clamps to support the pipe

The regulatory documentation defines the places where it is allowed to install chimneys. The wall material must be non-combustible, if this condition is not met (for example, in a building with wooden walls), then for protection purposes, shell or crown pipes should be used for installation.

Instructions for laying a brick chimney

The most ancient chimneys known to mankind were made of stone, and then of brick, along with the first furnaces. natural material and is still used for construction. heating systems in private houses. Consider the main stages of the construction of a brick chimney.

Design features of a brick pipe

There are two connection options brick pipe. The first, lighter, is installed directly on the stove, the second is built nearby and connected with an adapter. The fact is that the weight of a brick chimney with a height of 5 m or more is large enough, and not every heat generator can withstand it.

For the construction of one pipe, from 500 to 800 bricks are required (depending on the height of the ceilings and roof), the weight of each of them is 3.8 kg.

In any case, the chimney is not just a hollow structure inside, but complex structure, consisting of several functional parts.

The working part of the pipe, located below the ceiling, is the internal chimney. It starts immediately from the surface of the furnace (boiler) and ends at the very ceiling (for 4 rows of masonry)

When the chimney passes through ceiling arrange fluff, which is a thickening. The next thickening of a similar configuration is constructed at the transition. It's called " otter».

The part of the pipe from the fluff to the otter is the outer chimney. Rising above the roof neck, ending with a head (an alternative to the deflector).

The main safety condition is the distance from the internal channel through which hot smoke and gases pass to the surface of the walls and floor elements. It is equal to 0.25 m - this is exactly the length of one building element, red solid brick.

The second condition concerns the location of the chimney. It must be erected strictly vertically, the maximum possible error is 3 degrees. And the third condition is the ideal tightness of the masonry, in which there should be no through holes and cracks.

The dimensions of the chimney depend on the power heater. Usually one of the traditional masonry is chosen: with the smallest section - the "four" (12.5 cm x 12.5 cm), the rectangular one - the "five" (25.0 cm x 12.5 cm) or the large one - the "six" (25 cm x 25 cm).

The latter option is preferred for Russian stoves, rectangular - for fireplaces. For cookers small power suits the first solution.

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Material selection and solution preparation

The stove chimney is equipped with. If another unit is installed, then the pipe is built on after its installation. For construction, you will need brick and mortar, as well as tools: a trowel, a plumb line and a special hammer for tamping.

Bricks are pre-soaked. For the fluff and otter device, pieces of bricks ½, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, ¾ in size will be required.

Normal cement mortar not suitable for masonry, requires a mixture of clay and sand. This is justified by the characteristics of clay, which has a coefficient of linear expansion close to the parameters of a brick. Depending on the type of clay (lean or oily), its ratio to sand can vary: 1:3 or 1:4.

Clay is pre-prepared - soaked in water and kept for about 3 days. Before use, the material must have a consistency reminiscent of liquid sour cream and be free from foreign inclusions. Special requirements apply to sand. The best way- rough, with grains of 0.9-1.0 mm.

Clay and sand are mixed in small portions along the masonry. Sometimes you need to add water. The quality of the solution is easy to determine by how it contacts the trowel: the mass should leave marks on the surface, but not drain from it and not stick big chunks. If you have problems with self-preparation of the mixture, you can buy ready-made.

The order of laying the main parts

If the boiler is installed or the furnace is finished, you can begin to build a brick chimney. The order of work is traditional: applying the mortar, then installing the brick, adjusting it relative to neighboring parts with your hands and a small hammer.

The vertical position is checked after laying each row using a plumb line. The wall width is 12.5 cm. The straight pipe element is completed 4 rows before fluffing - expansion in the ceiling.

To expand the thickness of the walls, it is necessary to fold 4 rows one above the other, so that each subsequent one shifts by 1/8. What parts of the brick are better to take - indicated in the diagram

Pressure needs to be removed ceiling structure on the masonry, therefore, a gap of 2-3 cm wide is left between the overlap and the fluff. It is used for installation insulating material, for example, mineral wool slabs.

A straight section of pipe again passes through the attic, then an otter is made. Its bottom row must be laid out when the outer edge of the chimney has passed through the roof. At this stage, cement is often used to prepare the mortar, which is stronger and more wear-resistant than clay.

The otter consists of 6 rows, the indentation of each next is 1/8 of the whole brick. Holes around the pipe are insulated and covered with steel roofing sheets.

The next stage is straight again - the neck, which is crowned by the head.

Head shape and size may vary, but traditional version- these are two rows, the first of which is shifted by 1/8, the second - by ½ of the whole brick

Assembly and installation rules

According to the rules of installation and operation ceramic chimney, it should be located no further than 2 m from the heat generator (the closer, the better), as far as possible from walls and ceilings made of combustible materials, and should not cross load-bearing elements.

During installation, follow these rules:

• a prerequisite is the construction of a foundation covered with a fire retardant;
• installation starts from the bottom - the base, then sequentially continues towards the roof;
• pieces glued together special glue, which is included in the kit;
• the diameter of the pipe must be larger than the outlet of the heat generator;
• for thermal insulation, mineral wool and plaster are used;
• the junction of the pipe and the roof is protected with a metal apron;
• if the roof is covered with combustible material, it is necessary to equip a spark arrester.

If the chimney duct is installed without fasteners for more than 3.9 m, it must be reinforced with steel bars. Especially for this purpose, holes are provided in the corners of the pipe in the corners.

One of the options for the design of the ceramic channel. The thermal insulation layer increases the degree of protection, outer cladding serves as a barrier between combustion products and building elements

The upper part of the head is equipped with an umbrella to protect against rain, debris and strong winds.

The nuances of installing and connecting pipes

The elements from which the chimney is assembled are made from ceramics with the addition of fireclay - such a composition tolerates high temperatures, and parts from it have a long service life. They cannot be used as independent units, it is necessary outdoor protection.

The lower part of the chimney - the base - is equipped with a hole for draining condensate, which is formed during the removal of combustion products. The accumulated liquid moves to the sewer, summed up in advance.

It should be remembered that the moisture from the chimney is detrimental to the bacteria of the septic tank, so it is better to prepare a separate container to collect the liquid.

A tee with an inspection hole is installed on top of the base. During fuel combustion, the opening is closed by a door. The main purpose of the tee is the ability to inspect and clean the chimney

The elements are installed one on top of the other according to the instructions, without changing the order established by the manufacturer. Compliance with the dimensions of the chimney and the parameters of the house must be checked in advance.

How to prepare and apply glue?

In order for the parts of the chimney to be hermetically connected, a special acid-resistant glue is used. It is a thick mixture prepared by hand from dry powder and water in a ratio of 7:1, preferably at room temperature.

At first, the solution looks unusually dry, but after about 7-8 minutes it acquires the desired pasty appearance.

The finished mixture must be quickly and accurately applied to the junction of pipes, trying to use it within one and a half hours. Then it loses the necessary properties, and it is impossible to dilute the drying mass with water.

One of the nuances of applying glue is pre-wetting ceramic surface. It is impossible to save the adhesive mass - only hermetically filled seams guarantee the full functioning of the chimney.

Residues of glue must be removed: inside- so that soot does not accumulate, from the outside - for aesthetic purposes.

If subsequently there is a desire to mask the pipe decorative partition, the technical inspection hole must be accessible.

The device of a metal sandwich chimney

Steel chimneys are popular both in industrial construction and for the improvement of the private sector. Their installation resembles the assembly of a ceramic structure, respectively, it is easier than the construction of a brick pipe. Let's consider in more detail how to make a metal chimney correctly, avoiding mistakes.

Materials for installing a metal structure

A sandwich chimney is a sealed system of pipes and adapters leading from a heat generator to the roof space. It can pass inside the building (internal) and outside, along the wall (external).

A sandwich pipe is a three-layer part consisting of two steel pipes, between which a layer of insulation is laid. Fragments of stainless steel are connected by welding

Non-combustible thermal insulation material different thickness- on average from 2.5 cm to 10 cm. Manufacturers most often use one of the best materials- dense basalt wool(from 200 kg/m³).

To assemble the chimney, you will need to connect several parts various shapes, using the method of connecting narrowed ends and sockets. Simply put, one element is inserted into another. With outer side the joints are reinforced with overhead clamps, which are tightly tightened after installation.

The advantages of a three-layer design: protection of the chimney, minimal formation of condensate, organization of stable draft, the ability to install the system both on the inside and outside of the house

When installing a steel chimney inside the building, the holes in the ceilings and roof are much smaller in diameter than for brick or ceramic counterparts.

Schemes of installation of a sandwich chimney

Consider two schemes for installing a sandwich chimney: with internal location, requiring the organization of holes in the roof and ceilings, and with external installation, which is made from the outside and is installed parallel to the wall of the house.

Each of the schemes has the following advantages: internal equipment generates less condensate, the external device is lighter in execution and is produced with a device of only one opening

scheme internal installation often used in baths, as steel pipe can simultaneously heat both stones and a water tank. If the bath is not installed separately, but is an extension to the house, this is the most appropriate and effective option.

disadvantages internal system– the need to make holes in ceilings and roofs, as well as reducing usable space.

To install an external system, it is enough to make one hole in the wall and ensure the vertical position of the pipes using brackets. The outlet of the pipes to the outside reduces the risk of poisoning by combustion waste. Minus - arrangement additional protection from the influence of the external environment.

The order of installation work:

• connection to the boiler (or other heat source) adapter;
• punching a hole in the wall the average size– 40 cm x 40 cm), upholstered with fire-resistant material;
• installation in the wall of a passage block with thermal insulation;
• installation of a horizontal pipe section from the boiler (furnace) to the hole in the wall;
• arrangement of the support node with outside(platforms on brackets);
• installation of a vertical pipe;
• fastening at the top of the cone and head.

When assembling, it is necessary to focus on the technical documentation prepared in the process of drafting the project.

There are a few things to keep in mind when choosing an internal model. technological nuances. For example, it is important to install a valve in the transitional area from the boiler so that it is possible to retain heat.

Transitions through floors and roofs require the use of fire retardant thermal insulation materials, For example, mineral wool, and protective block devices, which can be called "sandwich within a sandwich"

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

To imagine how the chimney installation process takes place various types, we offer useful and informative videos shot by craftsmen.

DIY brick chimney:

If you have already had to build a chimney yourself or you are an expert in this matter, please share your experience and knowledge with our readers. Tell us about the nuances of building a chimney in the block below.

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This article will help you decide on the choice of a metal chimney for the furnace. Pick up best option, for specific conditions and budget.

Material selection

The material plays a huge role, the service life of the chimney depends on it, its ability to withstand various aggressive chemical compounds, reliability and strength. The steel chimney for the furnace is made of three main materials: stainless steel, galvanized and ferrous metal. Now let's look at each material in detail.

Pipes can be made of both stainless steel and galvanized steel.

• The first outer layer is represented by a pipe that can withstand long-term exposure to adverse weather conditions, and other destructive environmental factors.
• The second layer consists of non-combustible thermal insulation, which ensures fire safety and the absence of condensate. When buying, you need to pay attention to the quality of thermal insulation.
• The inner layer is made of steel grades that are resistant to the damaging substances of smoke.

The choice must be made on the basis of specific tasks, conditions and budget. To protect yourself and your property from possible fires, you should opt for a double-walled pipe, besides, its service life is much longer than that of a conventional one.

Methods for installing a metal chimney for a furnace

The metal pipe for the furnace can be installed in two ways: inside the smoke channel, as well as along outer wall Houses. Let's take a closer look at both options.

Inside the smoke channel

If a channel is built at home or it already exists from old heating equipment, then a single-walled steel pipe is placed in it, which serves as a kind of sleeve. Having a perfectly even cross section and smooth inner surface, it does not create resistance to flue gases.

The channel itself prevents the chimney from cooling down abruptly, and thereby helps to reduce the formation of condensate and increase the service life. This installation is simpler, and the absence of long horizontal sections contributes to better traction.

Installation scheme metal pipe in the smoke channel

Outside a house or building

Installation outside is more complicated and costly in contrast to the first option. For this method, a double-walled sandwich pipe is used, since the use of a single-walled pipe will still require mandatory insulation.

The assembly of such a chimney must be very reliable. Despite the small weight of such pipes, negligence in the fasteners of the chimney is unacceptable.

Mounting diagrams

Requirements for installation according to SNiP

1. Installation, design and installation metal chimneys they are made in accordance with SNiP number 2.04.50-91, as well as according to fire safety rules. Such responsible work should be carried out only by those individuals and organizations that have the appropriate permits. Work experience and knowledge of such organizations and individuals is of great importance.
2. The diameter must be selected and match the power of the furnace.
3. The height of the chimney must be at least 5 meters, regardless of the structure.
4. Must be mounted strictly vertically, and tolerances from the vertical axis should be no more than 30 degrees in a 2-meter section.
5. Horizontal sections longer than 1 meter should not be allowed, this leads to a deterioration in traction. The rise of the pipe in such sections should be at least 5 degrees.
6. To avoid possible leakage of condensate, it is necessary to install pipe locks in the direction of condensate flow. The bottom of the top tube should go inside the top of the bottom tube.
7. When assembling separate parts and elements, a special heat-resistant sealant rated for 1000 degrees must be used.
8. The joints are fastened with special ties or clamps, if such fastening is not provided, the joints should be fastened with self-tapping screws.
9. To make it reliable, you need to carefully consider the issue of its fastening. It must be fixed in increments of at least 1.5 meters, with reliable elements.
10. Special penetration elements should be used floors and roofs, to ensure the fire safety of buildings. Their interior must be filled with non-combustible, heat-insulating material.
11. When removing a metal chimney through the roof, a universal cut must be used.
12. For further revision and cleaning, special inspection hatches and cleanings.
13. To prevent moisture from entering from the outside, fungi are installed. To avoid fire from flying sparks from the pipe, spark arresters are installed.

Manufacturers

All of them have a very good reputation in the metal chimney market. Today they are the best and proven manufacturers steel chimneys for ovens:

• Volcano,
• Vesuvius,
• Termofor,
• Kraft,
• Baltvent,
• Rosinox,
• ferrum,
• Elites,
• Teplodar,
• Sphere,
• Phoenix,
• Reference.

Conclusion

The use of steel chimneys for the furnace, with proper calculation and installation, ensure efficient operation for the entire period of operation of any heater. Good ones specifications and high safety of this type of chimney will allow you to feel comfortable and safe in the house.

They have a fairly democratic price, which is very pleasing. Today, they occupy one of the first places in the application in construction. The main thing when buying is to make sure the quality and reliability of the purchased chimney elements. Savings should be balanced and justified, because safety and health depend on it.