Goof multiflorous gumi or fruitful gummi. Gumi, magnificent and tasty: how to grow an elegant shrub with useful berries. In the Moscow region and central Russia
On the summer cottages often there are places that need to be decorated with a weaving plant. If you are just in search of such a flower, we advise you to take a closer look at the prince. He does not require special care, blooms beautifully, blooms earlier than other plants. After reading about his landing and care, you can decide if the prince is right for you and whether you have the necessary conditions for its cultivation.
Botanical description
The prince (lat. Atragene) is a perennial, assigned to the Buttercup family (lat. Ranunculaceae). Previously, it was called wild and upland hop, bindweed, branch. Quite often they are confused with clematis due to the strong similarity in appearance. Some botanists even attribute the prince to the Clematis family. And on sale, European samples are often presented under the name "Clematis".
The prince grows in the form of a vine, the stem of which can reach three meters. The leaves of the plant are opposite, grow on elongated petioles, which twist and cling to the support. Flowers solitary, large - up to 10 cm in diameter, in the form of bells. They go down. They have a double perianth. The calyx consists of four to eight petaloid sepals. The flowers are different in color: purple, white, blue, pink, two-tone. 
Like most plants from the genus Ranunculaceae, the prince is poisonous or slightly poisonous. Its organs are used in traditional medicine in medicinal purposes. It has found wide application in landscape design.
Did you know? The ancestor of the Buttercup family is buttercup - a root-tuberous plant with yellow flowers. It was from the poison of this flower that the pharmacist Lorenzo made sleeping pills for the main character of Shakespeare's tragedy Romeo and Juliet.
Varieties
The genus of princes includes eight species. In our latitudes, four are most common: Alpine, Okhotsk, Siberian, large-petal.
Alpine
Alpine prince (lat. Atragene alpina L.) distributed on rocks and river banks in temperate regions of Eurasia. Its stem grows up to two meters. The growing season lasts from May to October. Characterized by rapid growth.
Their leaves are trifoliate, pointed, with teeth along the edges, ovoid. They are held on elongated petioles. The length of the leaves is 2-5 cm. Their lower plate is pubescent. 
Liana produces flowers from May to June. Blooms purple and blue. There are varieties with pink and white flowers. They are held on long stalks. They have four sepals. Their outer part is pubescent.
The alpine prince is classified as a slightly poisonous plant. In the Czech Republic and Slovakia it is protected by law.
Grows well in sunny areas that are well protected from drafts. Growth requires support. The most beautiful varietal species are "Pink Flamingo", "Willy", "Francis Reavis".
Okhotsk
AT wild nature Prince of Okhotsk (Atragene ochotensis) can be seen in China, Korea, Japan, Eastern Siberia, in the Far East. It lives in forests, on rocky areas, can grow up to 1100 m above sea level.
The leaves of this vine are trifoliate, ovate, two-three-lobed or separate.
The flowers are held on elongated peduncles. They have from four to eight sepals, painted in purple or blue tones. Flowering begins in June.
The plant has medicinal properties, in particular, in folk medicine, a heart remedy is made on its basis. He is loved for his excellent decorative qualities. Often planted in parks, in light shade, in fairly fertile and moist soil.
Did you know? Scientists at the University of Cambridge have found through research that the buttercup flower reflects light in a special way, which attracts insects. Ultraviolet waves are not visible to humans, but for pollinating insects they are a guideline when looking for nectar.
Siberian
habitats Siberian prince (Atragene sibirica L.) or beautiful - forests, river banks, rocky slopes, rocks of Siberia, Pamir, Tien Shan, Eastern Urals, Karelia.
The stem winds up to a height of three meters. The upper plate of their leaves is dark green, the lower one is pale green.
blooms large flowers white or slightly yellow color in the form of drooping bells with four petals. Flowering comes in summer. May also occur again - in the fall. 
This species is interesting in that even after flowering it retains its decorative effect - it forms interesting-looking fruits in the form of broad-leaved achenes.
large-petal
Large-petaled prince (lat. Atragene macropetala) can be found in coniferous and deciduous forests in Eastern Siberia, the Far East, China, Korea. It is rarely cultivated. Mostly placed in botanical gardens.
Liana grows up to three meters. Its leaves are held on elongated petioles. They are double-triple, ovoid, 2-3 cm long.
Flowering begins in May. Lasts for a month. The flowers are large - up to 9 cm in diameter. They have four sepals pubescent on both sides. Painted blue.
This plant can survive in severe frosts - even down to -30 degrees. 
The liana contains substances that, when in contact with the skin of a person, irritate them.
The large-leaved prince became the basis for breeding 28 varieties, the most interesting of which are Estrella, Memm, Jean Lindmark, White Swan.
By the way, since the described species of the prince bloom in different time: Alpine - in May, Okhotsk - in June, Siberian - in July and again in September, then their combined use in landscape design can create a rather interesting and beautiful composition.
Medicinal properties
The prince has been known among the people for a long time due to the substances contained in his organs, which have a healing effect on the human body. It contains vitamin C, glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, aluminum, cobalt, iron, silicon, manganese, sodium, nickel.
According to folk healers, the organs of the prince have the following healing properties:
- restorative;
- immunomodulating;
- antirheumatic;
- anti-inflammatory;
- wound healing;
- antibacterial;
- antitumor.
Contraindications for use
Since the prince is a poisonous plant, the use of medicinal products based on it is possible only after the recommendation of a doctor. They are strictly forbidden to be taken during pregnancy. Patients treated for heart disease folk remedies on the basis of the prince, only a doctor should prescribe. Self-medication can lead to a worsening of the condition.
In order to avoid poisoning, you should adhere to the recommended dosages in the recipes of folk remedies.
Did you know? Buttercups do not pose a serious danger to humans - there can only be slight poisoning when taking a large amount of them or irritation on the skin upon contact with plants. But animals with the use of some representatives of these plants can die 30-50 minutes after the first manifestations of poisoning.
Application in traditional medicine
Flowers, stems and seeds of the prince are used to treat:
- inflammation of the gastric mucosa;
- seasonal viral infections;
- edema and dropsy;
- ulcers and abscesses on the skin;
- headaches;
- scabies;
- inflammatory processes in the liver;
- metabolic disorders;
- rheumatic pains.
Decoctions, infusions and tinctures are prepared from the leaves. They are used both internally and externally. The broth is boiled over low heat from a small spoonful of crushed raw materials and 200 ml of freshly boiled water for half an hour. Strain and chill before use. Adding warm boiled water, bring to the original volume of liquid. Drink the remedy in a large spoon three times a day after meals. 
The infusion is prepared from a teaspoon of dry crushed leaves, which are poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for half an hour. Then filter and drink two large spoons three times a day in the process of eating.
To prepare the tincture, dry leaves are crushed and placed in a dark bottle so that they fill it one-third. Then the container is filled to the top with vodka. Placed in a dark place for two weeks. Strain before use. Take 30-40 drops, diluted in water, three times a day for a month.
Important! We provide recipes medicines based on the prince for informational purposes only. It is forbidden to prescribe them yourself - the plant contains substances that are poisonous to humans, which can cause poisoning. The dosage and frequency of taking the funds should be prescribed by the doctor.
Use in landscape design
To decorate suburban areas, parks, princes are planted with hedges, used in combined plantings, to decorate vertical surfaces, such as groundcover. They are planted singly and in group landings, Against The Background Of Trees And Bushes. 
Creepers are suitable for creating places that protect from the sun and create shade. The advantage of princes is that, due to their compact size, they can be planted where a tree or bush cannot be placed.
Growing at home
Growing a prince does not require significant effort, but it will delight with its decorative effect if certain conditions are met.
Location and lighting
Princes love the light, but not the heat and the sun. For their landing, it is necessary to select a bright place, but not one on which the sun's rays fall all day. The sun will provoke the shredding of leaves and flowers. The most optimal site will be located in partial shade. It must be protected from the winds, otherwise they will pluck the flowers and damage the leaves.
If you plan to plant it near a vertical surface, then you need to do this from the east, southeast, south and southwest sides. 
Soil and fertilizer
The plant does not impose special requirements on the soil - it can grow in any soil. The only thing it does not tolerate is waterlogged and too wet soils. The best option for planting there will be loamy, fertile, light, loose soil, which perfectly passes moisture and air and has good drainage, has a weak or neutral acidity.
Before planting a vine, the soil must be fed. To do this, 5-8 kg of humus, rotted manure or compost, 50 g (in granules), two or three glasses are added in advance to the pit in which it is planned to plant the prince.
To reduce the acidity of the soil, you need to mix 50-100 g of slaked lime into it.
Landing
Princes are usually planted in the spring. AT middle lane planting is best done in May. Although it is possible autumn planting- late summer - early autumn.
Prepare in advance landing pit dimensions 60x60x60 cm, fertilize the soil and lay drainage from a 10-15 cm layer of vermiculite, broken brick or gravel. At spring planting fertilizers are applied in autumn, in autumn - a month before planting a seedling in open ground.
If you plan to plant near the building, then it is necessary to maintain a distance of at least 30 cm between it and the plant.
When planting a hedge, the distance between seedlings should be 1.5 m.
Two-year-old strong seedlings are selected for planting. All shoots that are above the first and second pair of buds are removed.
At the bottom of the pit, a hill is formed and the root system is distributed over it. Then they are covered with soil. The root neck after planting should be 5-10 cm underground in young plants and 12-15 cm in adults. The liana is watered, and the ground in the near-stem zone is mulched, with straw or sawdust.
After planting, the stems are straightened and attached to a support. The support slats should be as thick as a pencil.
Important! To protect the vine from fungal diseases, a bucket is poured onto the root collar when the plant is placed in the planting pit. river sand combined with 250 g wood ash and crushed coal, and pour a solution of 25 percent potassium permanganate.
Care and watering
Up to three years, until the vine begins to bloom, the main care will be:
- regular watering;
- soil loosening;
- top dressing.
You need to fertilize the vine twice a month. The first top dressing is carried out in the phase of the appearance of buds, the next - after dropping flowers and pruning.
The prince is fed with organic and mineral fertilizers. From organic matter, it is good to add (10 g per 10 l of water), mullein (1:10), bird droppings (1:15). From mineral fertilizers- (10 g per 10 l of water), complete fertilizer (10-20 g per 10 l). 
In the first year of life, when forming buds on a vine, they will need to be cut off.
Diseases and pests
powdery mildew appears in the form white plaque on the leaves. As the infection continues, the leaves dry out and the plant dies. To protect the vine from this serious disease, it is necessary to carry out preventive spring spraying and thorough cleaning of old foliage in the fall. Diseased shoots are cut and destroyed by burning.
That your prince is amazed rust, swollen brown spots on the ground organs of the plant will testify. Prevention of infection with this disease consists in preventive spraying with chemicals. 
brown spot appears rusty spots on leaves with black dots on their surface. The disease is quite serious, as it can quickly lead to the death of the vine. To prevent it, spraying will be required. Bordeaux liquid, blue vitriol or the drug "Topsin-M". These same drugs are used for treatment. The diseased plant must be cut and burned, the earth around it should be shed with "Fundazol" or potassium permanganate.
For the plant to pass the attack root-knot nematode, a month before planting, the soil should be treated with Nematogon or Carbotion. To combat slugs and snails, they resort to mechanical collection and treatment with Metaldehyde. From mealybug spraying "Karbofos" helps. To prevent nibbling on plants by rodents, winter time it is covered with spruce.
reproduction
The prince reproduces in four ways:
- cuttings;
- layering;
- dividing the bush;
- seed.
cuttings
Cuttings are cut out in late June - early July. These should be strong shoots with one or two nodes. They are rooted in greenhouses in expanded clay. Expanded clay is poured into a pot with a layer of 10-15 cm, sprinkled on top with an 8-cm layer of river sand. The cuttings are planted at intervals of 10-15 cm from each other, covered with a film and a temperature of +20 ... +25 ° C is created for them. Before planting, treatment with a growth stimulator is desirable. Roots should be expected after 20-30 days. After the roots appear, the cuttings need to be transplanted into containers and kept for another season with regular watering.
seeds
Seeds need to be profiled. The easiest way is to mix them with sand and put them in the cold or put them in the refrigerator.
For sowing seeds, a substrate is prepared from earth and sand in a ratio of 2: 1. Seeds are placed in the ground and sprayed with a spray bottle. Cover with glass and put in a room with warm temperature. In May, the seeds are planted in beds of two parts of soddy land, one part of humus, one part of leafy soil, 0.5 parts of sand, 0.5 parts of peat. Seedlings are placed at intervals of 3-4 cm from each other in the phase of the first three or four leaves. The distance between rows should be 25-30 cm. 
The sprouts are transferred to the place of permanent growth next autumn or in the spring, after they overwinter.
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Recently, gardeners have noticeably increased interest in clematis, this is due to their high decorativeness, due to the abundance of flowering, the variety of colors, shapes and sizes of flowers, the duration of flowering and openwork foliage. The princes are very similar to them, which have small petals that clematis do not have, but there is a differently colored different types and varieties of calyx of four to eight sepals, which we take for the flower itself.
The Central Siberian Botanical Garden (CSBS) has a collection of clematis species and varieties, the main part of which was created as a result of introduction work begun in 1999.
Features of clematis
Clematis are varied decorative qualities and biological features. Most clematis are climbing lianas , the plant itself, with the help of leaf petioles, is able to cling to supports.
The smaller part is climbing clematis , unable to independently climb the support and gain a foothold on it, so they must be tied up by themselves. There are low erect forms of clematis .
Species clematis are distinguished by small, up to 6 cm in diameter, flowers, but we rightfully classify them among the highly ornamental plants for luxuriant blooms. They are distinguished by:
- high winter hardiness (do not require Siberian conditions shelter for the winter or light shelter),
- resistance to drought and fungal diseases,
- unpretentiousness when growing, but grow better on drained loam with a slightly acidic, alkaline or neutral reaction.
Clematis bloom
Clematis look spectacular on a support against a lawn, next to conifers, surrounded by other flowers, can be used to decorate walls, fences, arbors. In Siberian conditions, their flowering begins in June and continues until frost.
Before all, in June, clematis blooms straight, Manchurian, whole-leaved, then paniculate, purple, oriental, gray, large-flowered varietal, virginian, serrated.
soil for clematis
Acidic soils need to be limed. Salt, waterlogged soils are unsuitable. Weak frosts are not dangerous for them. Almost all clematis are photophilous, grow well in areas protected from the wind. Landing - end of May, June, August, beginning of September. Watering once a week, plentifully. Top dressing with organic and mineral fertilizers.
Reproduction of clematis
Propagated by seeds, summer cuttings, layering, dividing the bush.
We will consider tall clematis and princes that successfully grow in our Siberian conditions.
Clematis shorttail(Clematisbrevicaudata)
Liana 5-7 m long. Stems climbing or creeping, strongly branched, furrowed. The leaves are double-pinnate, the lower lobes are trifid or triple-compound, the rest are entire, 2-5x1.5-4 cm, sharp, notched-serrate, rarely coarsely dentate, almost glabrous. Flowers are bisexual, white in many-flowered inflorescences. The fruits are pubescent.
Naturally grows along river and stream valleys, pebble deposits, rocky outcrops, among bushes in the Far East.
In TsSBS - liana 3-5 m. Blooms 15-30 days, July-August. Annually frosts over part of the annual shoots, in harsh winters to the snow line. It grows well and is preserved under trees. Prefers fairly fertile and moist soils, not drought-resistant. Not salt tolerant. Shade-tolerant. Growth is fast. Propagated by seeds (stratification 4 months at a temperature of 2-5°C), layering and summer cuttings.
Photo: short-tailed clematis
Clematis serrata(Clematisserratifolia)
Strongly branched liana 1.5-3 m. Stems climbing or creeping, strongly branched, furrowed, glabrous. Flowers broadly bell-shaped, yellowish, up to 4 cm in diameter, solitary, bisexual. The leaves are twice-, rarely thrice-triple-compound, the leaflets are entire, dentate-serrate, pointed. The fruits are pubescent achenes.
Naturally distributed in the Far East, in Korea, in areas warmer than Novosibirsk. It grows on pebble deposits, in coastal shrubs and on rocky slopes.
In Novosibirsk: liana, reaching 2-3 m by the end of summer, blooms from early September until frost. Fruits are gray or yellow-brown, fluffy. The seeds do not ripen. It freezes in severe winters to the snow line, sometimes to the level of the soil, it recovers well, sometimes it rots. Fruits from two years. Leaves are not colored in autumn.
It is content with relatively infertile and insufficiently moistened soils. Photophilous. Growth is fast. Decorative throughout the growing season, and especially at the time of flowering and fruiting. As a late-flowering liana, it enriches the assortment of ornamental plants in autumn. It is recommended for use in vertical gardening with a support height of up to 2 m, it can be used as a ground cover on slopes, because it forms a lot of overgrown lushly growing and intertwining vines with lush greenery around the planting site. Propagated by summer cuttings, shoots.
Photo: clematis serrata
Clematis purple(Clematisviticella)
Shrub liana up to 3-4 m. The leaves are compound, most often of 5-7 leaflets, doubly pinnate. The flowers are drooping, half-open, 2.5-5 cm in diameter, solitary or collected in threes. Sepals 4, they are purple, lilac, purple, blue colors and shades. Anthers greenish-yellow. Blooms June - July - August on shoots current year. Sets large seeds.
The species and its forms (Kermezina, pink, etc.) are recommended to be widely introduced for vertical gardening. Origin: Western Transcaucasia, Southern Europe, Asia Minor, Iran. Propagated by seeds (stratification month); cuttings. Seeds are sown in autumn, germinate on next year from mid-summer to autumn. Unpretentious. Preferably a light shelter for the winter.
Photo: purple clematis
Prince handsome (Siberian)(Atragenespeciosa)
Monoecious deciduous semi-shrub liana with thin, climbing stems 0.6-4 m long, climbing along supports with the help of leaf petioles. The leaves are compound, double-triple. Flowers bisexual, solitary, broadly bell-shaped, drooping, creamy white, 2-6 cm in diameter. Sepals often 4, petals external, pubescent, 2-3 times shorter than sepals. Fruitlets are small, pubescent, silvery, in heads.
It occurs almost throughout Siberia (forest region), in Europe, Central Asia in forests, forest meadows and forest edges, rocky slopes, rocks, along river banks. The people call the princes - vine, grandfather curls. In our conditions, it blooms in June - July, bears fruit in August - September from two years. It grows well on soils of medium fertility, sufficiently moistened, in partial shade. Not salt tolerant. Growth is fast. Propagated by seeds, summer cuttings, layering. Seeds of species of this genus are frozen for 2-3 days at minus 5-8°C and then stratified for 4 months at 2-5°C. It is used in vertical gardening for decorating low walls, fences or for planting near trees and shrubs.
Photo: Siberian prince
Prince of Okhotsk (Atragene ochotensis)
Monoecious deciduous vine up to 3 m long. Stems climbing, rarely creeping. The leaves are compound, double-triple; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, entire, 2-3-lobed or separate, dentate-serrate, slightly pubescent. Flowers are bisexual, violet-blue or azure, broadly bell-shaped, up to 7 cm in diameter, solitary. Fruits are pubescent, in heads.
It grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, in bushes in floodplains, on edges and rocky slopes, rarely on rocks in Eastern Siberia, the Far East, and foreign Asia.
In TsSBS blooms from 3 years 2-3 weeks, from the third decade of May. Seed ripening in August - September. Perennial shoots freeze slightly only in severe winters. Prefers sufficiently moist and fertile soils, not drought-resistant, not salt-resistant, photophilous, tolerates weak shading.
It can be used in landscaping, just like the handsome prince. Their joint use allows you to create beautiful flowering compositions of the same appearance, but with different flowering periods and different colors. Medicinal plant. Propagated by seeds, layering, summer cuttings.
Clematis and princes deserve a wider use and can decorate any corner of the garden.
Photo: Prince of Okhotsk
Every grower dreams of having a beautiful plot, which is decorated with beautiful and delicate vines.
What plant is suitable for this?
Ideal for decorating a garden plot is a relative of Clematis - Knyazhik, which does not require special care in the open field.
plant description
The plant belongs to shrub vines with a woody stem that clings to a support. To do this, Knyazhik uses curly petioles that develop on the leaves.
The leaves of the plant are pinnate. The most beautiful thing that makes Knyazhiki unique and attractive is its flowers. They look like small bells, gently hanging down.
They are located alone. The diameter of the flowers is about 10 cm. The inflorescences consist of small blue or purple petals, bordered by green sepals.
There are several varieties of plants that differ in the color of the petals and the height of the bush. The most popular among gardeners is Prince Alpiysky, who feels ideal in partial shade. Its bushes are decorated with purple flowers.
Each of the varieties has its own characteristics, reckoning with which is a guarantee beautiful flowering and active growth. Gardeners have the opportunity to choose for cultivation the variety that suits them the most.
growing environment
In our country, this plant is not yet very well known. It is quite rare to find it in the wild. More often Knyazhiki are found on personal plots.
The birthplace of these beautiful vines is Central Europe . Here, bushes grow in thickets or forests located on cliffs or rocky banks of rivers and lakes.
The most optimal for the growth of Knyazhikov are regions with a temperate climate. In Russia, the plant is used to decorate fences, gazebos and arbors that are in partial shade. It is important! Otherwise, the flowers of the plant will be small.
Landing rules and care
Seeds of Knyazhikov are sown in seedling boxes at the end of October. Boxes should be in well-lit places, but without direct sunlight. Plants are planted in open ground in the spring, when a stable warm temperature is established.
Princes should be planted in loose and light soil, with good drainage properties. In order for the plant to quickly and well take root, you must first take care of preparing the soil.
The dimensions of the landing pit should be 0.6 X 0.6 m. Then it is necessary to add a mixture consisting of a bucket, 1 tbsp. superphosphate, bone meal and 3 tbsp. ash.
Young plants are recommended to be fertilized. For this, special fertilizers of organic origin are used. You can also make your own top dressing. To do this, dissolve in mullein or bird droppings in water (ratio 1:10 or 1:15). Fertilization should be repeated every 2 to 3 months.
If in the first year after planting in open ground buds have formed on the Knyazhiki, it is recommended to cut them off. Otherwise young plant will weaken and its growth will slow down significantly.
Since Knyazhiki are plants that do not like marshy soil, it is important to remember that they need to be watered after 7 to 10 days. The soil should be saturated with water to a depth of 50 cm.
As the bush grows, it needs sanitary pruning. For this, sharp scissors are used. This procedure will enable young shoots to grow more actively and actively.
Change of Knyazhikov must be collected after the end of their flowering. They differ in size. Before sowing, the seeds are divided by size into 3 groups. This is necessary because the size of the seeds affects the rate of germination.
Princes differ from Clematis in their frost resistance. Therefore, in preparation for winter, they do not need to be cut. It is enough just to insulate the root system well. For this, a bucket of peat is used, which is poured around the bush.
Reproduction methods
Princes can be propagated in several ways:
- seeds. They are harvested after the end of the flowering period.
- cuttings. For this, young shoots are used, on which there are already 5 - 6 leaves. They are placed in a container with water until the root system is formed. Shank with strong root can already be planted in the ground.
- layering. This method is used in early spring. This is the most common way of breeding Knyazhikov. A groove is made in the ground 4 - 8 cm deep. A strong branch of a bush is placed in this groove. At the locations of the rosette with leaves, the branch is covered with soil. Care for such a branch is exactly the same as for an adult bush. After roots form on the branch, each branch is separated from the main plant with a sharp tool and planted as a separate kut.
- By dividing the bush. It is important to remember that this method of reproduction should be carried out before the start of the growing season. To do this, the bush is cut to a height of 30 - 40 cm and completely dug out of the ground. After that, the bush is carefully divided into several parts. Each of them must have a strong root part. This is the key to good rapid growth new plants.
Each of the types of reproduction has its own characteristics. They must be taken into account when choosing one or another method of breeding Knyazhikov.
Diseases and pests
Like any plant in the garden, Knyazhiki can get sick. Among the most common diseases that affect plant bushes, the following can be distinguished:
- Rust. The disease affects the leaves of the shrub, on which spots form. orange color. In order to cure the bush, it is abundantly sprayed with Topsin's solution.
- powdery mildew. The disease manifests itself in the form of a white coating that covers the whole plant. If time does not start treatment, the bush dies. To fight powdery mildew Topsin solution or Bordeaux mixture is used.
Among the pests that can harm the Princes, the most dangerous are nematodes. Slugs must be collected from the bush by hand. As for the control of nematodes, Carbotion solution can be used for this.
It is important not to forget that in winter period the plant may be attacked by rats or mice. In order to avoid such a situation, the root system can be covered with spruce paws.
Species and varieties
Pink Flamingo
There are several types of plants that differ in the color of the petals and the height of the bush. Among the most famous can be called Prince of the Alps. This species is subdivided into the following varieties:
- Pink Flamingo. The height of the bush reaches 2 m. The flower petals are pink. The flowering period lasts from April to August.
- Pamela Jackman. Reaches a height of 3 m. The plant has drooping blue or purple flowers.
- Vili. 2 m bush is decorated with white bells with a pinkish tinge. This variety of Knyazhikov begins to bloom from the beginning of May.
- Francis Revis. This plant variety has quite long (up to 8 cm) blue flowers, and the height of the bush reaches 2 m.
Francis Reavis
Second, no less famous view shrub is Prince of Okhotsk. The bush reaches a height of 3 m and is decorated with azure flowers. Of the length is not more than 6 cm, the diameter ranges from 7 to 8 cm. This type of Knyazhikov is considered the most frost-resistant. It is popular with gardeners not only because of its beautiful flowers but also due to the fact that it has medicinal properties.
In the European part of Siberia, another type of shrub grows - the Siberian Knyazhik. Its flowers are white with a yellowish tint, and their length reaches 4 - 5 cm. The flowering period begins in May and lasts until mid-August. It is not uncommon for the Prince of Siberia to bloom twice a year: in spring and autumn.
Prince Krupnopetalovy is known for its large double petals. magenta, the length of which is almost the same as that of the sepals. Unlike other species, Knyazhik Krupnopetalovy feels good on lit sunbeams places. Each of these types amazing creepers, like Knyazhiki, will decorate garden plot for many years.
How to grow princes, see the following video:
The prince (lat. Atragene) is a subgenus of perennial lianas, which is part of the genus Lomonos (lat. Clematis) from the Buttercup family (lat. Ranunculaceae). The knyazhik is sometimes called wild hops, vines or vines, and also, according to the Latin name, atragen. In the wild, they grow in temperate zones. climatic conditions in the northern hemisphere.
Description
The prince is a close relative of clematis, both are included in the same genus, but differ in the structure of the flowers. This is a woody vine, which, with the help of twisting leaf petioles, clings to supports. root system fibrous, fragile. The leaves are compound, arranged oppositely, have long petioles.
Flowers solitary, large, correct form with double perianth. The calyx consists of 4 or 8 petal-shaped sepals, colored in white, blue, pink, purple, red-violet, blue or lilac. The petals are about half as long as the sepals, usually inexpressive, white in color. In shape, the flowers of the prince resemble drooping bells. Stamens numerous.
Flowering starts in May. The fruits are pubescent, ripen in August, in some species in September. The princes are growing fast.
botanical illustration prince
Species and varieties
About 8 subgenus species are known, half of which are quite resistant to severe frosts and is successfully grown throughout Russia.
K. alpine(lat. A. alpine) grows in shrubs and forests in central Europe and the Baltic states. Creepers reach 3 m. The flowers are broadly bell-shaped, 2-6 cm in diameter, consist of four sepals of blue-violet or blue color. The petals are small, against the background of beautiful sepals are not very noticeable. The leaves are trifoliate, compound simple leaflets 2-5 cm, serrated along the edge. Flowering occurs in May or June. On young shoots can give re-flowering. The species has many ornamental varieties:
- 'Willy' is a spectacular variety with pink-lilac sepals and whitish-yellow petals. Flower diameter 5-6 cm. Pruning group I.
- "Pamela Jackman" (‘Pamela Jackman’) is a profusely flowering vine with bright purple flowers. Trimming group I.
- "Lemon Dream" ('Lemon Dream') - a plant that develops up to 3 m, the flowers are painted in White color with a delicate lemon tint. Particularly frost-resistant variety. Trimming group I.
Prince of the Alps "Willy"
K. large-petal(lat. A. macropetala) - a species with a rich color of flowers. Sepals 5 cm long, oblong; petals numerous linear. The flowering of the species occurs in May. Plants come from Far East, are found in China, Korea and eastern Siberia. Many varieties have been bred in Canada. Almost all varieties are frost-resistant. Decorative varieties:
- "Markhamz Pink" ('Markham's Pink') - beautiful variety with rich pink color of flowers, which are more brightly colored on the outside, and more tender in the middle. I trim group.
- "Ballet Skist" (‘Ballet Skist’) - a variety with large flowers color pink.
- 'Cecile' is a hardy, large-flowering cultivar with purple-blue sepals. I trim group.
K. sibirsky(lat. A. sibirica) - liana growing in coniferous forests in many regions of Russia. Plants are photophilous, about 3 m long. The flowers are 3-4 cm in size, the sepals are painted white or white-yellow, covered with hairs. K. sibirica blooms in the middle summer season.
K. korean(lat. A. koreana) - original look originally from Korea. Creeping vines grow up to 2-3 meters, the flowers are yellowish-red, sometimes with purple tint. While rarely cultivated in gardens.
Photogallery of species
cultivation
Location. Princes love lighted places, they can grow in partial shade, which distinguishes them from clematis. Plants should not be planted in drafts, they must be reliably protected from cold winds. Be sure to consider the installation of supports. These can be pergolas, decorative nets, various pipes or fences. Soils are suitable garden, rich in humus. All princes are frost-resistant, therefore they do not need shelters for the period of frost.
Landing. Plants are planted in spring (in May), and it is possible in early autumn or late August. Hole size: 0.6x0.6x0.6 m. Fertilizers are applied to the hole: 5 kg of humus or manure, several glasses of ash and granulated superphosphate. The princes need drainage layer 10 cm. The soil is prepared a month before planting. The root neck is deepened by 6-12 cm. For disinfection, the earth can be shed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
Tip: Two-year-old seedlings or rooted cuttings no younger than the same age take root best. If buds appear on the plants in the first year, then it is better to remove them in order to save strength for survival.
Watering. The procedure should be carried out regularly: once a week-decade. The soil should be saturated by 40-50 cm. A couple of days after watering, the soil is loosened. In especially hot weather, water more often, every 2-3 days. It is useful to mulch the ground around the plant to retain moisture and to limit the growth of weeds.
fertilizers. When fertilizing, princes bloom more abundantly, and the color of the flowers becomes more saturated. When grown in gardens, feed once a month. The first time the fertilizer is applied at the beginning of the development of the shoots, then during the formation of buds, then after the end of flowering. You can fertilize with organic matter: a solution of urea (10 g per bucket of water), mullein or quail droppings. Before fertilizing, the prince is watered.
After flowering
pruning. According to the international practice of growing clematis (clematis), there are three groups of pruning of these plants. Most species and varieties of princes belong to the first group: plants that bloom on last year's growth do not require pruning. Only sanitary measures are carried out: removal of dried twigs and faded flowers. If there is a desire to slightly correct the shape of the plant, then this can be done in the fall after the end of flowering.
reproduction
seeds. Princes do not particularly retain varietal characteristics during seed propagation. Before spring sowing, a two-month stratification is necessary (from mid-February): the seeds are mixed with sand, moistened and placed in the refrigerator. This procedure reduces the germination period from 250 days to 70. You can also sow the seeds directly into the soil in the fall. At first, the seedlings shade a little and water regularly. In autumn, the sprouts are planted in permanent places.
Sprouts of the prince
The division of the bush. The propagation method is not very effective, since adult plants (over 3-4 years old) do not tolerate transplantation well and take root hard, and just adult specimens are suitable for division. The procedure is carried out in April, before the start of the growing season.
cuttings. For such reproduction, summer cuttings are cut (usually in early July). Rooting is done in greenhouses. As a substrate, a layer of expanded clay (15 cm) is used, on which a layer of sand (10 cm) is poured. The cuttings are covered with foil. The air temperature should be maintained within 20-25 °C. For the cutting, take the middle part of the branch (1-2 nodes), 3-6 cm long. To stimulate root formation, the end of the branch is treated with a growth stimulator. The rooting process takes about a month, during this planting period it is regularly watered. The efficiency of the method is 50-70%. On the permanent place the vine is planted only the next year.
Fence decoration
decorative application
Princes look more sophisticated than clematis. During the flowering period, the plants look like a soaring cloud. Most often, vines are used for vertical gardening. They are grown on trellises, pergolas, etc. Cascades of flowering airy vines hanging from fences or terraces look very impressive.
Gorgeous pergola with a prince
Used to create cozy shady corners and decoration of gazebos. Very often used to mask outbuildings or walls. The princes look beautiful even without flowers, decorative form foliage gives plants a special appeal.
Tip: In many nurseries you can buy prince seedlings. Unfortunately, quite often plants are labeled under the name "clematis", so you need to pay attention to appearance flowers, so as not to confuse.