Painting concrete floors. Painting a concrete floor: how to do it right? Preparing the concrete pavement for processing
What will be flooring, depends on several factors, one of which relates to the functional purpose of the room. At the household level, concrete bases are poured in garages, basements, home workshops and outbuildings, where it makes no sense to spend money on exclusive, expensive materials due to economy or insufficient wear resistance of the coating. But fake diamond, although it is considered hardy and durable, but without the upper protective layer, it begins to dust and crack over time. In addition, the gray surface looks outwardly unpresentable. Many are wondering how to paint a concrete floor and what composition is better to choose for certain operating conditions, because the intensity of loads for a change house and a garage can be different.
What are the advantages of concrete floors
The main advantage of a properly poured and finished concrete floor is its reliability, durability, practicality and acceptance:
- significant loads;
- temperature fluctuations;
- chemical influences.
But, unfortunately, concrete has a high porosity, which contributes to the saturation of the structure with moisture. In the case of freezing, the ice expanding in volume leads to the gradual destruction of the stone. In addition, the concrete floor has low tensile strength, and its unprotected surface is abraded, turning into dust, which even with very thorough cleaning cannot be swept away. Of course, the appearance of problems is associated with certain factors:
- non-compliance technological process when concreting;
- incorrect ratio of ingredients when mixing the solution;
- use of low quality cement or fillers;
- the absence of ferrugination of the concrete layer, etc.
Disadvantages of a "clean" concrete floor
Concrete that has not been treated properly begins to break down too quickly under impact. external factors. The surface of the floor is abraded, which leads to the appearance of dust harmful to health, equipment and machines. It is impossible to avoid its presence without additional efforts to strengthen the upper layer of the base. Of course, the floor can be tiled, but ceramics, unfortunately, weakly withstand impact loads and significantly increases the financial component of the work performed.
The amount of concrete dust directly depends on the intensity of loads on the floor and the quality of concrete, or rather, its brand.
It is impossible to get rid of dusty particles. The most powerful vacuum cleaners and spraying with water do not help. Over time, problems increase like a snowball, reaching a critical point. Cement, when inhaled, is deposited on the lungs, and equipment and mechanisms fail. Everything can end too sadly.
The operation to protect the concrete floor can be carried out almost immediately after its laying or during operation. In the second case, it will be necessary to perform a set of works to repair the base - sealing cracks and chips, restoring damaged areas, applying dedusting primers, etc.
Practical aspects of coloring
All of the above troubles can be avoided by using special paints and varnishes. The surface of the concrete will acquire improved wear resistance and will last much longer.
Floor painting - concrete or cement - is a protection that also performs a decorative function. The applied coating can be:
- monophonic or multi-colored;
- bright or muted;
- light or dark;
- matte or glossy;
- with a certain fantasy or geometric pattern, allowing you to zone the room or functionally allocate any areas at your discretion.
Modern protective compounds able to give concrete floor additional properties:
- hygiene;
- moisture resistance;
- anti-slip effect;
- antistatic;
- no abrasive wear;
- high chemical resistance.
Applying paint to a concrete floor will hide cracks and flaws, smooth out bumps and improve the visual perception of the surface.
The product range includes paints and enamels, polyurethane mixtures and primers. deep penetration. When choosing a composition, you should make sure that it is intended for concrete floors. In addition, the packaging must indicate the consumption of material per square meter and short instruction on the use of the composition.
How to paint
The difference between paints and enamels intended for painting a concrete floor lies in their composition. Oil and their more modern counterparts - alkyd paints - are not recommended for use in places of intensive passage of people or vehicles. Such a coating has low resistance to abrasion and fading, so the floor surface will have to be updated almost every year. Of course, if rarely anyone appears in the room, and cars and others mechanical devices no one rolls on the floor, then it is quite possible to stop at an oil or alkyd composition. But is it worth it to pre-program for periodic repairs if there are more durable paints and varnishes on the market.
Latex, or acrylic, paints are an economy option. They are resistant to abrasion, but require pre-treatment of the concrete base with primers. Coating will last much longer epoxy paint, which, moreover, has high adhesive properties. In other words, the composition easily and firmly adheres to the concrete surface.
The most durable and convenient to use are two-component polyurethane paints. Their difference from epoxy analogues is high degree elasticity finished coating. It miraculously copes with significant tensile and compressive loads, so it is often used even in machine shops where there is a high probability of falling heavy structures, and the work process is associated with vibrations. In addition, the polyurethane floor withstands partial subsidence of the base. At the same time, cracks or chips do not appear on the surface of the concrete floor.
On the shelves of shops and Internet resources you can find the following names of paints for concrete floors:
- acrylic;
- epoxy;
- polyurethane;
- acrylic-silicone;
- urethane-alkyd.
All formulations contain organic or inorganic pigments. This makes it possible to diversify color solution by creating exclusive design with a combination of suitable shades. The main condition is not to use compositions that are incompatible in terms of the main component in one coating.
acrylic paint
Acrylic resins are used as a base. Additionally, pigments are introduced into the mixture in a wide color scheme. The paint is applied quite easily, but at least in two layers. It creates a glossy, semi-matte or matte surface, and finally hardens within a couple of days.
Acrylic composition:
- has good hiding power;
- is resistant to moisture and temperature changes;
- creates a durable film that is weakly exposed to chemical and mechanical stress;
- protects concrete from corrosion processes.
Epoxy paint
The composition is two-component, so it is mixed with a special mixer immediately before use. To improve the quality of the coating and greater hardening of the concrete base, its surface is treated with a primer made from the same paint, but diluted by about a quarter. Epoxy paint has excellent performance characteristics, but its color scheme is too poor.
Polyurethane paint
Best Option protective coating for concrete. The polyurethane layer provides the highest possible degree of protection against mechanical and chemical influences. The coating is durable and reliable, but quality material has a high cost, so living conditions rarely used.
The paint is more suitable for workshops, public facilities, parking lots, etc. For your own garage or workshop rational choice material becomes cheaper. But if you look from the other side, then the polyurethane layer is able to remain the protection of the concrete floor for decades.
Acrylic-silicone compounds
The difference from acrylic paints is the presence of a silicone base with the addition of an acrylic copolymer. The mixture is economically consumed due to the fact that it is diluted with water by about 20 percent. One liter volume is enough for about five square meters concrete floor area.
Acrylic silicone coating should consist of two coats of paint applied at least three hours apart. This is how much is required for complete drying of the composition. This factor is related to positive characteristics paintwork material, but its minus - low resistance to abrasion loads - significantly limits the place of use of the acrylic-silicone coating. For example, it is hardly suitable for a garage.
Alkyd urethane paint
It is made on the basis of alkyd resin, diluted with white spirit, has excellent hiding power, is applied in at least two layers, has wide opportunities color design. The alkyd-urethane layer is no less stable and durable compared to the polyurethane counterpart, but it dries for a long time, and after applying the top coat it takes a long time to fully harden, often more than a week. Although this is not the only reason for refusing to use this type of paint. The fact is that the surface of the floor is glossy, which is not always acceptable.
How to paint
The process of painting a concrete floor consists of preparatory and basic work. What will include First stage, depends on the period of surface treatment - following the laying of concrete or already during the operational period. In the first case, it is necessary to wait for the mortar to cure - at least 28 days after pouring (with ideal conditions). The humidity of the concrete, in this case) should not exceed the 5% barrier.
If the concrete floor was in operation, then remove from its surface greasy spots, carefully close cracks and chips, get rid of flaking pieces and accumulated dust. Next, the concrete base is primed using the appropriate compounds.
After the preparatory work, on concrete base walking is not allowed!
To paint the floor you need to stock up:
- interchangeable rollers and byugels of different sizes;
- telescopic handle - in order not to bend down when distributing the composition on the floor;
- container for paint;
- brushes - for staining adjoining walls;
- paint sprayer - with a large amount of work;
- masking tape;
- overalls, including protective gloves, goggles and, preferably, a respirator;
- studded shoes.
Before starting the main stage of work, a strip about 10 cm wide should be applied along the walls, and only after that you can start painting.
Epoxy compounds dry quickly, and after the expiration of the shelf life in open form not to be diluted. They should be used at one time, without interrupting work.
The thickness of the layer when applying any paint should be optimal. Through too thin a coating, all defects will appear, and too thick layer will cause the floor to ripple.
It is desirable to make strokes of paint in different directions. After that, the composition is rubbed over the surface with a roller.
The applied layer should dry naturally. The term depends on the type of paintwork material.
And finally, one more simple tip that will save you from fixing defects. After staining the concrete floor, the paint must be allowed to dry thoroughly. It is recommended to add at least a day or two to the period determined by the manufacturer.
The concrete floor is usually left in original form without coloring it. However, even such a surface needs protection, since chips and damage often appear on the material. There is also a chemical effect. Therefore, it is important to know how to cover concrete in order to prevent its destruction and ennoble the room.
Epoxy paint. It is a durable coating that prolongs the operation of a concrete floor. And at the same time, the surface acquires a presentable appearance. The substance has characteristics such as resistance to impact external environment, moisture, high loads and chemicals, high adhesive properties, no tendency to yellowing. Epoxy is successfully used in production shops, hangars, as well as in open areas, without wearing out. Suitable for application on wet concrete, without compromising the quality of the coating, more - the properties of the base are improved. However, epoxy paint is not without its drawbacks. Namely, the need to mix it, since it is a two-component, the difficulty in changing the color of the floor when re-staining. Acrylic dye. This is a water composition made on the basis of acrylic resins and polymers. When applying the substance on the surface, a film is created that is resistant to mechanical and chemical influences. Created durable coating which is suitable for garages, basements, stairs. Among the advantages of the paint, we note: corrosion protection, resistance to water and humid environments, and quick drying. The paint is easy to use, as any tool is suitable for this. You can use a roller, brush, sprayer. Polyurethane enamel. The compositions are two-component and are designed to treat the concrete floor both inside the building and outside. Enamel is characterized by properties such as cost-effectiveness, strength, resistance to chemicals. When applying polyurethane enamel, it forms perfectly smooth surface which has a glossy sheen. The disadvantage is the significant drying time - up to 2 weeks. There are certain requirements for the use of the composition: temperature from 5 degrees, humidity level - less than 75%, thorough mixing of the enamel components, the need to paint the floor in 2 stages with a technological break.
- Polyurethane primer. It is able to strengthen concrete, filling the pores, and also remove dust from it. Characterized high level adhesion to the surface, resistance to chemicals and atmospheric phenomena. Applied with a roller or brush, this reduces the consumption of polyurethane enamel, if you plan to make a top coat.
- Epoxy primer. Such a primer is intended for use as an independent coating and before applying the coloring composition of the same name. The product is perfectly absorbed into the pores of concrete, hardening the surface and improving the level of adhesion to the finish coating. The epoxy primer is resistant to chemicals, wet environments and mechanical stress, applied with a roller, a rubber trowel can also be used for this. At the same time, remember that the properties of the material are lost after half an hour.
For better adhesion of the coloring composition to the concrete surface, it is recommended to carry out careful preparation grounds, which consists in eliminating floor irregularities, removing old paint, sealing cracks. In the end, you should get perfect flat surface. Also, check the humidity level, as this affects the drying time of the coating.
Concrete surfaces, despite their strength, are subject to destruction from time to time. One way to delay this process is to paint the material. About how and with what to paint the concrete floor on the street, as well as indoors, we will try to find out in this article.
materials
Epoxy paint
For a concrete floor, epoxy is used, the price of which most often depends on the manufacturer, since it:
- reliably serves for a long time;
- prolongs the service life;
- gives the surface an impressive appearance.
- withstands heavy loads and is resistant to chemical attack.
Epoxy coatings adhere well to surfaces, so they are used for floor painting even in:
- car repair shops;
- production shops;
- parking lots and stairs.
It withstands adverse weather, so it can cover open areas. The material adheres well even to fresh, not completely dry surfaces, thereby improving the quality of the floor.
Tip: It is best to paint surfaces twice.
Paint hardening time 12-24 hours.
Characteristics of acrylic dye
Acrylic dye is a water structure based on acrylic resin, to which various polymers are added.
It forms:
- protective film on the floor surface;
- protects the floor from various mechanical and chemical influences;
- prevents floor damage.
It can be used to paint floors on balconies, stairs, basements and garages.
pros acrylic paint:
- resistant to atmospheric changes;
- environmentally friendly;
- well protects surfaces;
- dries quickly;
- waterproof and moisture resistant.
Surfaces can be painted with a sprayer, roller, brush. One coat of paint will be enough. Dries in about 12-24 hours.
Tip: for dismantling concrete structures, as well as cutting reinforced concrete is used to cut the strobe in the floor diamond circles required density.
This two-component material is designed for surface treatment inside and outside buildings.
Enamel Benefits:
- the product is harmless to others;
- well tolerates atmospheric changes;
- economical in work, you can paint a large area;
- has durable painted surfaces;
- has a low price;
- used for metal and wooden surfaces, you can paint the asphalt.
Enamel has one drawback - it dries for a long time.
The instruction recommends painting surfaces with enamel at temperatures up to +5˚С. Starting painting work, it is necessary to stir one component of the paint, then add another to the same place and mix again. After that, you can paint the surface.
It is recommended to paint the floor twice - the first time thin layer and repaint the next day. It dries in the range of 2-14 days. After 2 days you can walk on the floor, the paint does not stick. After a week, the layer becomes mechanically resistant, after 2 weeks - chemically resistant, suitable for use.
Tip: making communication channels in a finished reinforced concrete floor is very problematic, but this will help you diamond drilling holes in concrete with crowns of the required diameter.
Primer
If it is not possible to paint the floor, it can only be treated with a primer. It is used as pre-processing before painting, and as a simple protection without subsequent painting.
Issued:
- epoxy;
- polyurethane.
Polyurethane primer:
- densely fills small pores;
- has good connecting abilities;
- resistant to chemicals, oil, gasoline, grease, detergents, exposure to atmospheric precipitation.
Material advantages:
- improves the adhesion of the finish layer;
- applied with a brush or roller;
- saves the cost of the finish coating.
The primer is used before painting surfaces with polyurethane enamel, since the composition of the primer and paint is identical.
Tip: before you paint the concrete floor, it must be swept.
Surfaces are treated with a paint brush or a short-haired roller. The primer must be applied evenly over the entire surface.
If it is unevenly absorbed, you can paint the floor again. You can apply paint on the primer after 12 hours, as the latter must dry.
Tip: Do not paint on wet surfaces.
Epoxy before painting them with epoxy paint. You can simply process concrete with it without subsequent painting. It reliably clogs all pores and cracks, strengthening the floor.
Among positive qualities the following can be distinguished:
- water resistance;
- water resistance;
- hardens surfaces;
- improves paint adhesion;
- resistant to water, mechanical wear and chemicals.
The epoxy primer is applied to a clean, sanded and dry surface using a short pile roller or rubber spatula. Since she loses her qualities after 20-30 minutes, you need to work with her quickly.
Conclusion
From the article it became clear that it is worth using paint and a primer to protect concrete. You learned when, how and how to do it, as well as what materials to use. The use of paints makes it possible to increase the service life of the coating, which will save on its repair.
The video in this article will help you find Additional information on this topic.
Concrete surfaces are usually not customary to paint, this also applies to floors. The material is strong enough, but still exposed to different kind chemical and mechanical influences. Chips cannot be ruled out.
In order to remove dust from the surface and extend the service life, it can be painted. This will brighten up the room. But first you need to decide what is better to paint the concrete floor.
Features of choice
For painting concrete floors, epoxy and alkyd paints are usually used, which are distinguished by antistatic and anti-slip properties. They are resistant to chemicals. Epoxy mixtures prepare, they are mixed and tinted, while alkyds are completely ready for application. But before you start working with alkyd paint, the surface will need to be coated with a primer, but epoxy compound does not require it.
If you are faced with the question of how you can paint a concrete floor, then you should know that soil mixtures are often used to carry out these works, which are suitable for updating a neglected floor.
A bright color coating can be obtained by applying tinting impregnations. Polymer compositions hide all defects and ensure alignment. But if you use special putties, then the coating can be made monolithic. You can achieve additional decorativeness with glitters that do not fade over time.
Before deciding how to paint a concrete floor, you must consider the features of the room. If we are talking about a production shop, where shock loads and mechanical damage are possible, a coating of high reliability will be required. In this case, wear-resistant mixtures are usually used.
For compositions that are used to form thin-layer bulk coatings, varnishes or polyurethane enamels are used, which are suitable for civil surfaces. If you are one of those consumers who are thinking about the question of how to paint the concrete floor in the garage, then you should purchase a product for industrial premises, which is based on epoxy enamel and solvents.
Features of epoxy paint
How to paint a concrete floor so that it does not dust - such a question can befall you. For this, epoxy paint is often used, which is durable and high strength, it extends the life of the material and guarantees an attractive appearance.
The paint is chemical resistant and external influences, during operation, it can come into contact with substances of the type:
- alkalis;
- acids;
- salt solutions;
- fuels and lubricants.
Epoxy paint has waterproofing properties and is able to withstand impressive loads, adhering to concrete during application. Over time, the coating will not turn yellow and will not be erased. Therefore, you can use the mixture even in hangars production shops, in the conditions of parking lots and car repair shops.
This paint is also suitable for outdoor areas, because it is resistant to weathering. It can also be applied indoors. One of the main advantages is the possibility of covering fresh concrete, which has not yet had time to dry.
If you want to figure out how to paint the concrete floor in the garage, then you should know that when using epoxy paint, you will need to mix the two components. Sometimes problems arise when re-applying the mixture. So, if you want to change the color of the floor, then it will be quite difficult to do this.
Acrylic paint is an aqueous composition based on acrylic resin to which various polymers are added. The composition eliminates the destruction of the material due to corrosion and forms a polymeric protective barrier on the surface, which prevents various kinds of influences.
The coating is durable, reliable and moisture resistant. It has waterproof characteristics, so you can renew your basement, garage or balcony floor with acrylic paint.
Application is quite simple and convenient. You can use:
- spray;
- roller;
- brush.
One coat can be applied, but two coats can be applied to improve performance. Complete drying should be expected after 14 hours.
Reviews of polyurethane enamel
Quite relevant, according to consumers, is the question of how to paint the concrete floor on the street. Polyurethane enamel, which is usually two-component, is excellent for this. It does not affect the quality in any way. This composition is intended not only for external, but also internal works. The advantages should be highlighted:
- environmental friendliness;
- economy of consumption;
- weather resistance;
- excellent mechanical and chemical strength;
- high covering power;
- formation of a perfectly glossy surface.
Application, as advised by home craftsmen, is carried out at a temperature not lower than +5 ° C, air humidity should not exceed 75%. When preparing the composition, the first ingredient is first mixed, and then the second is added to it.
Coloring is best done in two stages. On the first one, a thin homogeneous layer is applied without smudges and spills, which is left for no more than a day. If the question of how to paint a concrete floor is important to you, then you should know that polyurethane enamel has one important drawback, which is expressed in a long drying time. This may take up to 14 days. The minimum polymerization time, as consumers emphasize, is 2 days. Such a spread in time is due to the fact that the coating acquires mechanical stability only after a week, and after two - resistance to chemicals.
Features of polyurethane primer
If use paint to upgrade concrete surface if there is no desire, then you can apply a polyurethane primer. It acts as a protective coating that is applied before applying the top coat. The primer can be epoxy or polyurethane. The latter provides filling of small pores and dust removal, and also strengthens the material, giving it excellent adhesion to the coating.
The substance is resistant to:
- chemical substances;
- detergents;
- gasoline;
- atmospheric precipitation;
- oils;
- fats.
If you pay attention to the name, you will understand that the polyurethane primer is designed to prepare the floor before painting with polyurethane enamel. These mixtures have almost identical compositions. But you can use the paint only 12 hours after the completion of the primer application. The advantages include simplicity and ease of application, improved adhesion characteristics, as well as a reduction in the consumption of the finish coating.
The choice of paint for the floor in the bath
Quite often, owners of suburban real estate think about how to paint the concrete floor in the bath. For this, 4 types of paints are used:
- epoxy;
- acrylic;
- alkyd-urethane;
- acrylic-silicone.
Acrylic was discussed above. They can make the surface glossy, semi-matte or matte. For dissolution, ordinary water and thinners are used. The painted surface can be used after 48 hours. The paint must not be used on floors that have previously been painted with polyurethane or epoxy products.
If you are also solving the problem of how to paint the concrete floor in the bath, then you should also pay attention to two-component epoxy compounds, which are mixed with a mixer before use. The preparation is a primer, which is the same epoxy composition, diluted with water by 25%.
Acrylic silicone mixture allows you to create a protective barrier, which consists of several layers. The interval between application and is 4 hours. For dilution, ordinary water is used. Among the disadvantages of acrylic silicone formulations should highlight a small palette of colors and fast fading.
Description of alkyd-urethane compounds
If you, too, are among those consumers who are deciding how to paint a concrete floor, then you should consider alkyd-urethane compounds, which have excellent hiding power and can be applied in several layers. Paints are resistant to abrasion and impact high temperatures. For dilution, alcohol is used, which is added in a volume of 15% by weight. The mixture is good because it allows you to get glossy surface. By visiting the store, you can choose a shade from a wide palette of colors.
A garage is a place whose significance is justifiably high: here, as a rule, a car is kept from the eyes of intruders and the aggressive effects of the environment. And even this, in fact, non-residential, warehouse space it is better to keep in an atmosphere of order and comfort. The desired “degree” of comfort can be created with the help of a successful and well-executed floor covering.
Features of concrete pavement
It has already become a tradition that many choose a concrete coating as the basis. And there are many reasons for this:
- The surface is easy to operate;
- Withstands heavy loads from a heavy vehicle;
- Has a long service life;
- Resistant to moisture.
fill concrete mix- the process is elementary, but leaving the floor in this form is not worth it for a number of reasons. It quickly wears out, forming fine dust polluting the air, the unprotected surface quickly loses its “trademark” appearance and begins to peel off, and the liquid spilled on the floor leaves stains and an unpleasant odor.
Concrete floor needs reliable protection, which will also be a good aesthetic solution. The answer to the question of how to paint the concrete floor - we will analyze further, to begin with, we systematize the features of the garage premises and the requirements for them.
Garage Features and Coating Requirements
- There will be a car in the garage, so it is necessary to choose a coating that is resistant to wheel load;
- Water will periodically drip onto the floor from the vehicle, especially in winter time of the year. To prevent mold and corrosion in the garage, coloring composition must be moisture resistant;
- The garage is a place "created" for contact with engine oil, gasoline, diesel fuel. To avoid the effects of these substances on the floor, the paint must be chemically resistant;
- A garage is a space not intended for living. They are often not heated, so the coating must be designed to withstand large temperature fluctuations. At the same time, the selected coating must have elasticity and respond to thermal expansion.
Alternative to staining
Before moving on to the main floor treatment option - staining, consider other coating methods.
- Ceramic tile. The most common option for covering the concrete floor in the garage. Tiles that served finishing material in the apartment, it will not work here: you need special tiles with special strength properties. Laying is carried out on a flat surface. But in operation, this material is short-lived due to its fragility: anyone who falls on the floor, metal object will damage it. You will have to carefully monitor that the seams are not clogged with dirt. Additional care cannot be avoided here, do you need it?
- Wooden floor. What floor distinguished the old Soviet garages - it was wooden. Now it belongs to vintage coating methods. It is laid on transverse joists with half a meter interval. Such a floor must be treated with impregnation. final touch the design of such a floor is still the same painting.
- Rubber cover. It is distinguished by durability and resistance to chemical processing. The material has good sound absorption and does not vibrate. Installation is facilitated to a minimum, and the service life is up to 45 years
- Epoxy primer. It can be used as an independent coating, moreover - in symbiosis with a concrete floor, it creates water resistance and impermeability and does not react at all to chemicals.
- Polyurethane primer. Flammable resistant material. Resistant to contact with oils, fats and chemicals.
Types of paintwork and painting features
Maximum allowable humidity concrete screed to start work - 5%. You can make sure that the screed is dry as follows: leave a piece of polyethylene on the floor, glued to the sides with adhesive tape. If condensation is found, the concrete must be dried. Work with "fresh" concrete is not recommended. Leave it to dry completely for a month.
Concrete is quite enough to paint. And here it is important not to make a mistake with the choice the right material, because it must have anti-slip and antistatic properties. Of course, making a choice in favor of a particular paint, you can and should take into account the features of the room itself.
Since we are choosing the material for the garage, its main purpose should be additional flooring. There are several basic types of concrete floor finishes, each with unique features. Consider the main<
Epoxy paint
Using this paint, you can easily get a strong and durable coating. Presentation coating retains its original, in contact with chemicals, it does not lose its characteristics. In addition, it can be applied to an insufficiently dried floor. Epoxy based paint has good adhesion to the surface, it does not require additional primer. It is used for covering indoors - garages, warehouses, workshops, balconies - and outside: on the street, on the terrace of the house. There is one- and two-component. Cons of "epoxy" - high price and narrow color palette.
acrylic paint
Acrylic latex compositions are distinguished by safety and environmental friendliness. Most often they are used for interior work in residential premises. They have a high color quality. Acrylic enamel dries quickly and leaves no odor. Even one layer of enamel will be enough to create a bright coating that is not affected by sunlight. This paint is also resistant to moisture, chemicals and wear. Cons - high cost and lack of strength. For example, they are inferior in strength to epoxy resin and polyurethane.
Polyurethane paints and enamels
The advantage of this coating is many: cost-effectiveness, high chemical and mechanical strength, environmental friendliness. It is stable in different atmospheric circumstances, so you can use it to carry out finishing work outside and inside the room. Such a coating is aesthetically attractive and durable. There are one- and two-component. There are also disadvantages: the mixture is poured in two layers, and complete drying will take about two weeks.
Alkyd-urethane enamels
They create a glossy surface and have good hiding power. Disadvantages: In conditions of increased wear, its resistance and strength indicators are somewhat lower than those of other types of paint and varnish coatings.
Whichever option you choose, the main thing is to calculate all possible errors in advance in order to save yourself from unnecessary trouble during work.