How to hang a ceiling lamp on a plank. How to hang a chandelier and how to fix it. Anchor hook installation

When the question arises of how to hang a chandelier on the ceiling, many developers think that this process is complicated and only professionals should do it. In fact, there is nothing complicated in the work, and even an inexperienced master can understand the process. I will tell you about all the important aspects so that you can quality installation without outside help.

The working process

First, I will talk about how to deal with the electrical part, it is the same in all cases, and then I will consider in detail the 4 mounting options that are used most often. Safety is important in electrical work, so carefully follow all the recommendations in the next section.

Wire connection

If you doubt that you can handle an electrician, then it is better to involve a specialist, but if you have at least minimal knowledge and skills, then you can handle the workflow yourself.

Let's figure out what you need to have on hand:

To work, we need an indicator, this is the name of a special tool with which you can determine the phasing of the wires, that is, figure out where there is voltage in order to correctly connect the switch;

In order to securely and safely fasten the wires, we need special connectors. The time of electrical tape and twists has long passed, it is better to purchase standard terminals or modern self-clamping options in order to fasten the wiring not only very quickly, but also very reliably. You can buy such elements at any electrical store;

Also, we can not do without a screwdriver, pliers and a construction knife. These tools are used most often during work, and such a simple set is quite enough to cope with the installation with high quality.

Let's figure out how to connect the wiring correctly, the process is the same for all types of fasteners, so I will consider it here, and below I will specifically deal with fasteners.

The workflow looks like this:

To begin with, you need to turn off the current supply in the electrical panel, in new houses there is a special machine, in old ones you need to unscrew the plugs. That is, we de-energize the network to prevent electric shock;
If you had old chandelier, then it needs to be removed and disconnected, sometimes this process takes longer than installation, somehow I tore out a structure nailed to a beam with nails 150 mm long, probably there were no shorter products at the time of attachment;
Then you should strip the ends of the wires that are connected to the chandelier and move them apart so that they do not touch each other in any case. Cleared areas should have free access from any direction;
The power on the panel is turned on and the wires are checked. This is done as follows: first, the switch is placed in the “on” position, then an indicator is taken in the right hand, thumb is located on the patch at the end, and the probe is pressed against the end of the wire on the ceiling. Where there is a phase, the indicator will light up, where there is none, nothing will burn;

It is necessary to check the circuit again with the light off, naturally there should be no current in this case. If it is, then the switch needs to be replaced.

When checking the current, work with one hand; it is strictly forbidden to hold the wire with the other hand, even for an insulated area.

When you figured out the wires, you can start connecting, most often there is a diagram with a chandelier, everything is shown clearly there. As an example, the diagram below shows the connection of a two-gang switch, everything is very simple and clear, the main thing is not to confuse anything;

When you figured out the circuit, you can connect the wires; for this, a terminal or a special connector is put in place of the connection. Everything is simple here, and the main thing is to securely fix the wires, in no case should they hang out at the junction.

Fastening option No. 1 - anchor bolt with hook

This is a classic solution, which in my opinion is the simplest and most reliable. Anchors are suitable for concrete ceilings and are used for chandeliers that are hung on a special eye. Below is what this looks like fastener, most often used anchors with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of the working part of 50-80 mm, this is quite enough to withstand a load of even tens of kilograms.

Let's figure out how to fix the chandelier to the ceiling using anchors with a hook:

First of all, you need to stock up on the required tool, we will use a puncher with a drill of the appropriate diameter. It is worth working from a ladder or table, it is important to ensure stability, since working with a hammer drill requires some effort, and you must stand securely;
Further, the place of drilling is marked on the surface of the ceiling, it should be located so that the decorative part of the chandelier covers the place of attachment and connection of wires;
Drilling is carried out 10 mm more than the working part of the anchor, this is necessary for its reliable location in the ceiling. When working, make sure that the punch is vertical;
An anchor bolt with a hook is inserted into the hole until it stops, after which it must be tightened. There can be two options: either you twist the hook with your hands and due to this the sleeve bursts inside, or you need to turn the nut, which happens in some product options. The scheme of work is shown below - everything is very simple and clear;

Lastly, the wires of the chandelier are connected, and it is hung on a hook. At this stage, it is better to involve an assistant, since you are unlikely to be able to hold the structure and connect the wires. After hanging, the attachment point is closed with a cap, which is fixed in the required position.

If you have wooden floors, then you can use not an anchor bolt, but a hook screw. Its installation is similar to the one described above, with the only difference being that you need to drill a hole 2-3 mm smaller than the diameter of the fastener, and then screw it in like a screw. Very simple and at the same time reliable.

Option number 2 - mounting plate

Such fasteners are used in most modern chandeliers; a special plate with two threaded studs and several holes for fixing on the ceiling. The system is simple, but quite reliable, which is why it has gained such high popularity.

For massive products, a reinforced version is used - a cruciform design, which allows you to fix the chandelier at four points. Such a system can withstand even a lot of weight, so it is used with heavy chandeliers.

Let's figure out how to install a chandelier on a plate.

The work instructions look something like this:

For work, in addition to the bracket itself, we need fasteners, for concrete ceilings, fast mounting dowels 6x40 are used, and for wooden structures self-tapping screws 30-40 mm long are used. Drilling is done using a rotary hammer, which can be rented, it is needed literally for half an hour;
The plate is attached in the place you need, after which, with a pencil, you need to mark the points at which drilling will be performed. It is important to place the element correctly so that the structure is held securely and the wires reach the connection point;
Drilling is done at marked points, for a standard plate you need two holes, and for a cruciform one - four. The work is simple, the main thing is to hold the puncher vertically and control the depth, it should be 5 mm more than the length of the dowels used;

Next, you need to fix the bracket, for this, dowels are hammered into the holes, after which a plate is attached and fastened with self-tapping screws or impact screws. They do not need to be twisted - they are clogged with a hammer. After fastening, check the reliability of fixation, there should not be any backlash;

The chandelier is connected using terminals, this process is described above, so there is no point in dwelling on it;

Lastly, the chandelier is put in place and secured with nuts and washers that are screwed onto the studs. Mounting hardware is included, so you don't need to buy anything extra.

Option number 3 - dowels for hollow structures

If you have a plasterboard ceiling or need to fix a chandelier in a hollow slab, then the best option a special dowel can become, which is a spacer on one side and a hook on the other.

Let's figure out how to hang a chandelier with your own hands using this mounting option:

First you need to mark the point where the dowel will be located if the work is done on drywall construction, then there is not much difference, but if you are dealing with reinforced concrete slab, then you need to calculate the location of the void. Sometimes you have to make several holes until you get where you need to;
Then drilling is done, everything is simple here, the main thing is to have a tool with a drill of the appropriate diameter on hand (most often it is 10 mm). Drywall can be drilled with any equipment; for concrete, a special drill is needed;
The spring part of the dowel is compressed with fingers, after which it must be inserted into the hole and lifted up so that the spacers move apart and fix the fasteners in the void. Everything is simple here, and you can easily understand this part of the workflow;
Lastly, you need to fix the fasteners in the hole, for this you need to tighten the threaded part with a nut, under which an oversized washer should be located. The whole process from start to finish is shown in the diagram below, you will clearly see all the steps and make sure everything is simple;

Further work does not differ from the options described above: you must first connect the wiring, and then hang the chandelier on a hook. Everything is done in the same way as in the case of an anchor bolt.

I would like to talk about the fastener options that are used when mounting the chandelier on the plate, in this case you can use several types of products, for convenience, I will present the information in the table.

Fastener type	Product features
Dowel "butterfly"	This option is very popular and is a design with spacers that fix the elements by tightening with a self-tapping screw. Everything is simple and at the same time reliable, for such fasteners it is necessary to drill holes with a diameter of 10 mm
Dowel "Molly"	Builders call this option "carrot" because of the similar shape of the products. They are cone-shaped elements with a wide threaded part, in some versions there is a drill in front so as not to make holes on purpose. The material of manufacture can be nylon, polypropylene or metal, of course, the price varies depending on this factor
Metal dowels	They are similar to the “butterfly” option, but unlike it, they are made of metal and burst not in two, but in four directions. This is the most reliable option of all, which is used for massive structures.

Remember that if the weight of the chandelier is very large, then the drywall simply cannot withstand the load, even the most durable dowels will not help. In this case, you need to drill a hole in the concrete and fix the structure with long anchor bolts.

Option number 4 - installation on the platform

This type of structure is in great demand due to the fact that it is used in conjunction with stretch ceilings, which are gaining more and more popularity. To hang a chandelier, you need to build a special structure called a platform, the essence of the installation is shown in the diagram below.

Let's figure out how to hang a chandelier in this case:

It is possible to adjust a piece or boards of a certain size, but it is much easier to buy a ready-made platform that has a hole for the wire and holes for mounting around the entire perimeter. Of course, a self-tapping screw can be screwed anywhere, because plastic is easy to process. Products have a standard diameter of 180 mm, but if desired, you can find a larger option;

First you need to clearly define the level of the stretch ceiling, this is very important, because the platform must be located strictly along the plane of the canvas. It is best to pull the cord in order to clearly see the landmark and not make mistakes when working;
Four straight drywall hangers are attached to the platform. If you have a lot of fastener lengths, then you can cut the suspensions into pieces of the required size. It is easiest to assemble the structure using sharp bugs - small self-tapping screws for a metal profile, in the end you should get something like the one in the photo below;

Next, you need to determine the location of the platform on the ceiling, after which you can begin to mount. The design is set to the desired level, the suspensions, if necessary, are bent to the required position. Mounting is carried out using fast mounting dowels.

Conclusion

The video in this article will clearly show some of the important points described above, and it will be even easier for you to understand the nuances of editing. If you still have questions, then feel free to write them in the comments under this review, you will receive a prompt response and will be able to understand the process up to m” width=”640″ height=”360″ frameborder=”0″ allowfullscreen=”allowfullscreen ”>

Conclusion

You yourself have to decide how to hang the chandelier, it all depends on the type of ceiling and the weight of the structure. The options discussed above allow you to fix any option, the main thing is to use necessary fasteners and follow all the recommendations for the work process.

The video in this article will clearly show some of the important points described above, and it will be even easier for you to understand the nuances of editing. If you still have questions, then do not hesitate to write them in the comments under this review, you will receive a prompt answer and will be able to understand the process to the smallest detail.

So, you needed to replace or hang a chandelier from scratch on the ceiling in the house. At first glance, this event causes little concern and seems difficult for a novice electrician. But it's much easier than you think, because installation work last no more than half an hour and at the same time special efforts not required.

In order to hang a chandelier to the ceiling with your own hands, you must:

familiarize yourself with safety precautions;
prepare tools and materials;
choose the right mounting method;
install the product
check if the connection is correct.

Now let's take a closer look at each of the stages.

Safety

Any electric installation work not safe, because a person is dealing with a high voltage current. So that when you connect you are not shocked, and you yourself do not fail after a while, we recommend that you consider the following rules and tips:

Before you hang the lamp on the ceiling, turn off the electricity in the network (it is enough to turn it off in the shield).
Make sure there is no electricity in the room by turning the lights on/off.
Use an indicator screwdriver to check the voltage on the wires coming from the ceiling. If there is no current, get to work.
Carry out with terminal blocks. "Grandfather" twisting with insulation is not safe.
Do not purchase low quality Chinese products, because. More often than not, they are the ones that fail.
Take care of quality.

If you follow these safety measures, you can fix the chandelier on the ceiling quickly and without any problems.

Tools and materials

In order to carry out the installation, you will need the following tools:

electric drill or puncher;
ladder;
screwdriver or screwdriver;
indicator screwdriver;
pliers.

From the materials you need to prepare:

connecting blocks either (they are not always included, especially if the product is cheap);
fastener (hook or anchor);
self-tapping screws with dowels.

As for the latter, it should be clarified here. If the chandelier will be fixed to a concrete ceiling, it is necessary to purchase anchors, they are better installed in the wall. To hang the case on wooden ceiling you can do without a hook, use wood screws (if the lamp is light in weight). To drywall can only be fixed if you get on the frame of the profiles using metal screws.

Installation methods

In order to independently hang the chandelier from the ceiling in the house, you can use one of three methods, each of which is predetermined by the manufacturer. If the product is not heavy, it can be hung on a hook. If weighing more than 5 kg, you must use anchor bolts. The design of some chandeliers requires the installation of a special bar (bracket). Well, the last way is to fix the back cover of the lamp directly to the ceiling or wall. Now we will consider in detail each of the above methods.

Hook

For easy installation chandeliers, you can buy an inexpensive hook with a dowel (as shown in the picture) and screw it into the ceiling, and then hang the loop on the hook, provided for by the design of the lamp.

Please note that this method is only suitable if the ceiling is wooden or concrete, because. then you can drill a hole in it and insert the dowel. If the sheathing is plasterboard, apply this species installation is prohibited, because the hook will simply vomit after hanging the lamp.

If the chandelier is large and heavy, you can hang it on an anchor hook. Its design is shown in the photo:

All that is needed is to drill a hole of the required diameter in the ceiling, and then screw in the hook. The anchor will “break open”, which will create a reliable fastening of the product of even greater weight.

Such a connection can spoil the interior of the room, so it is recommended to buy lamps that have a decorative bowl, which will hide all fasteners.

bracket

If the manufacturer has provided a plank mount, it will be necessary to spend a little more time on installation.

Included is metal bar and 2 screws with nuts. All that is needed is to fix the bar (bracket), and then hang the chandelier tightly to the ceiling yourself.

This option is more time consuming, but at the same time it is not difficult at all. The main thing is to correctly adjust the distance between the screws (it must correspond to the distances between the holes in the luminaire body itself).

Back cover

If you want to hang the chandelier on the ceiling without drilling with a perforator, you must choose special kind luminaire, the ceiling of which can be fastened with self-tapping screws. In this case, you just need to screw a few self-tapping screws through the holes in the back cover. Most often, this method of fastening is used if the product is light and is installed on the wall (as shown in the picture).

Connection

So, in order for you to understand each of the connection methods, we will provide the corresponding step by step instructions for Dummies.

If you use a hook, it is enough to drill a hole in the ceiling with a drill, drive a dowel (or anchor) into it, and then screw the hook itself. Next, you need to connect the wires between the body and the supply wires, carefully insulate them (if required) and only after that hang the chandelier on a hook. We need to dwell on this in more detail so that you know how to properly connect the chandelier to the ceiling.

If the design of the luminaire does not provide for grounding, two wires must be connected to the housing - phase and zero. As a rule, metal lamps provide additional grounding, so in this case you will be dealing with three wires - phase, zero and ground. Each core must be connected in the terminal block according to color coding wires, as well as symbols. If 4 wires come out of the lamp housing, then it means a chandelier for two light bulbs and it must be connected by analogy with two lamps.

Video lesson on connection

If you are installing electrical wiring from scratch, then you need more. You can get acquainted with the technology by simply clicking on the link.

In order to hang the chandelier evenly on the bracket, you must first set the screws at a suitable distance. Then fix the bracket using dowel-nails. Next, you need to thread the body through the studs, and with the help of decorative nuts, securely fix the product on the bar. As in the previous case, the wire connection must be done in advance.

We also draw your attention to the very important point. When connecting a chandelier, the cores must be correctly connected: phase to phase, zero to zero, and ground to ground. If you mix up the contacts, it will happen. To prevent this from happening, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with.

Well, the last way is to mount the back cover directly to the ceiling. In this case, the design of the product has several holes on the back cover, which are simply fixed with self-tapping screws. There is nothing complicated, the only advice I would like to give is that it is not necessary to use all the holes. If the lamp is light, but 4-5 holes are provided, then three self-tapping screws may be enough to hang the case.

Connecting a socket, switch and light bulb in a junction box

Control check

When you complete the electrical connection, you need to check all the work. First, visually - so that the wires are not visible (hide the cores in the case). After that, you need to shake the lamp to make sure that the fastening is secure. Well, in the end, turn on the machine and if it doesn’t knock out, and the lamp itself doesn’t sparkle, then everything is done right! As you can see, one person and even a woman can easily hang a chandelier from the ceiling! The main thing is to follow all the rules that we told you about!

Non-standard situations

Above, we have provided you with instructions for installing a chandelier in the most standard conditions - when the ceiling is even and without defects. At the same time, sometimes you have to carry out fastening in non-standard conditions, which we will discuss briefly.

To hang a chandelier on stretch ceiling, you can use the bar, as shown in the photo below. In this case, fastening can be carried out even if the ceiling is already stretched and, moreover, the replacement of the luminaire can be done without the risk of damaging the film coating.

If you decide to hang the product on a sloping ceiling, then it is best to use a hanging chain. When for some reason you have to change the location of the chandelier in the apartment, the main thing is not to get into the wiring when drilling a new hole in the ceiling. To do this, it is recommended to use, which will show where the wires go.

If there is already a hole in the ceiling, be sure to use it so as not to re-drill the hole with a puncher. Too large a hole can be hidden with a special plaster cover, which is sold in most hardware stores.

If three wires of the same color come out of the hole, then in order to find the phase, zero and ground, you will have to use a multimeter. Things are easier with two-wire electrical wiring - you can find the phase and zero with an ordinary indicator screwdriver (when you touch the phase, the light will light up).

Video lesson on connection

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It would seem that it can be difficult to hang a chandelier from the ceiling? From distant childhood, I recall a metal hook sticking out in the middle of the ceiling, and wires with remnants of electrical tape. All the lamps were of the same type, and fixing them was quite simple: hang them on a hook and connect the wires with a twist. However, with today's variety of lighting fixtures, everything has become a little more complicated - the design and method of attachment can vary greatly. All ways to securely fasten the chandelier to concrete ceiling described in this article.

Chandeliers and lamps: types of fixtures

The design of modern lamps can be different, from a tight-fitting ceiling to a multi-track chandelier on a long rod. At the same time, their weight, as well as the load on the ceiling, also differ.

The most common mounting methods:

a hook fixed in the ceiling and a suspension on the lamp;
mounting plate in the form of a bent metal strip with two holes for fixing to the ceiling and fixed screws or studs for mounting the ceiling;
cruciform mounting plate - it differs in the number of attachment points and is suitable for massive lamps.

You usually don’t have to choose the mounting method - it depends on the purchased chandelier and is specified in the data sheet for the device. But the correct and reliable fastening of the lamp depends on you.

Wiring: how not to get tangled in wires

Old houses cannot boast of modern color-coded wiring. There are usually two or three wires sticking out of a hole in the ceiling slab, all in identical, battered insulation. If the wiring is new and laid in compliance with the requirements of the PUE, then the individual cable cores have different color, by which you can easily determine their purpose.

Main PUE requirements to the electrical wiring of residential buildings. Download file.

Old style chandeliers and inexpensive modern lamps may have wires of the same color, which will also have to ring for proper connection. AT modern chandeliers this rule is more often observed, and all outgoing wires in color marking are assembled on the block, in addition, the connection is described in detail in the passport.

Color coding of wires is carried out according to certain rules and can be easily determined from the table.

Table. Wire marking according to the color of the insulation.

Before starting work on fixing the chandelier, you need to determine the purpose of all wires both in the wiring and in the lamp. If both the wiring and the chandelier are new, then the connection will not be difficult, it is enough to connect conductors with the same marking on the block.

If you cannot determine the purpose of the wires by their color, you will have to do this with the help of devices. It is not difficult to do this, the main thing is to observe safety measures and strictly follow the instructions.

Wiring phasing

To recognize wires that do not have color markings, you will need phase indicator- a device showing the presence of a phase at the ends of the wire. In appearance, it looks like a screwdriver and consists of several parts: a body made of insulating material, a conductive metal tip, a signal LED or electronic display, and a metal terminal on the end of the device or a button.

The presence of voltage using the indicator is determined as follows: the device is clamped between the thumb and middle fingers right hand, and the index is placed on a metal terminal. The sting touches all the wires in turn; when a phase wire is touched, on which there is voltage, the LED lights up or an icon appears on the electronic display.

Important! Checking the presence of voltage and searching for a phase with an indicator is carried out with one hand! It is forbidden to touch the insulation of the wire or indicator with the other hand at this time! In the event of a breakdown of insulation, damage is possible electric shock, and when passing it along the "hand-hand" path, a sudden contraction of the heart may occur.

Step 1. The first step is to de-energize the room, usually for this it is enough to turn off the machine in the shield or unscrew the plugs. The chandelier switch is also turned off. They remove the old lamp or lamp, if they were removed earlier, and the ends are insulated - they are freed from electrical tape. Using the indicator, one by one check the absence of a phase on all wires. If necessary, the insulation is cleaned, freeing about 1 cm of the metal core. All wires are spread apart so that they do not touch each other.

Step 2 Turn on the machine or screw in the plugs. Turn on the light switch. The indicator touches the bare part of the cores, determining the phase and neutral wire a. For convenience, the neutral conductor is marked with a marker, electrical tape, or simply bent.

If three wires come out of the ceiling, and a two-key switch is installed on the wall, they act in the following sequence: first turn on both keys and find the neutral and two phase wires, mark them. They turn off one key and check that the phase has disappeared on one wire. Then they turn off the other key and make sure that the voltage has also disappeared on the second wire. In this case, you can connect the chandelier in a two-stage scheme.

In the absence of an indicator, you can determine the neutral and phase wires using a multimeter by switching it to AC voltage measurement mode.

Step 3 Determine the place where the wires pass in ceiling. They do this in order not to accidentally damage the wiring when attaching the chandelier mounting plate. Only an electronic indicator is suitable for non-contact phase detection. It is clamped in the hand and, with the switch on, is carried out at a small distance from the ceiling in the place where it is planned to fix the bar.

When passing by the phase wire, the indicator shows the phase icon on the display. The device is driven back and forth several times, marking the boundaries where it finds the phase. This determines the direction of the cable and finds out the place where it is impossible to drill. Turn off the switch and the machine in the shield. You can proceed to further preparation.

If the wires leading to the terminal are of the same color or their marking does not meet the standard, it is better to ring them for the correct connection of the chandelier. This can be done using a conventional multimeter, included in the continuity mode. Before the start of the ringing, the light bulbs are unscrewed from the lamp.

Step 1. If the body of the chandelier contains conductive metal elements, and there are three or more wires, one of them can be grounding. They find it out like this: put one probe of the device on the conductive part of the case, the second one sequentially touches the bare ends of the wires or the contacts of the connecting block. The appearance of a sound means that the ground wire has been found.

Step 2 The neutral wire is determined as follows: put one of the tester probes on the side contact of any chandelier cartridge. Successively touch the unmarked wires until a sound appears. Mark the neutral wire. The remaining wires are phase.

Step 3 In a multi-track chandelier with two lighting stages, one or more cartridges are connected to each phase wire. If you need to determine them, for example, in order to correlate with the desired key on the switch, then proceed as follows: the probe of the device is attached to one of the phase wires and sequentially touches the central contacts on the bottom of the cartridges. The sound signal determines the cartridges connected to this wire. Do the same with the other phase wire.

If the lamp has several stages of illumination, and there is one phase wire in the wiring, all cartridges must be connected to it. For this emerging from the chandelier phase wires you need to combine for twisting or with a jumper on the block. After preparing the wiring and the chandelier, you can begin to fix it on the ceiling.

Step-by-step instructions for attaching a chandelier to a concrete ceiling

Before installing the chandelier, you need to finish the fine finishing of the ceiling. If the hole in the ceiling from which the wires come out is larger than the decorative bowl of the chandelier, it must be sealed with putty on plaster base, clean and paint in the color of the main finish.

Required fixtures and tools:

a stable stepladder or stool;
indicator and multimeter;
wiring tools: screwdrivers, pliers with insulated handles;
mounting knife or wire stripper;
drill or perforator;
fasteners: dowels and hooks or screws, anchors;
a hammer;
electrical tape, terminals or PPE-type caps.

If the length of the wires coming out of the wall does not allow them to be fixed in the luminaire terminals without tension, the wires must be extended using a piece of cable or installation wire.

Note! Copper and aluminum wires must not be twisted together! They will quickly begin to corrode and become covered with a green coating, due to which the contact will deteriorate. Constant heating can lead to melting of the insulation, and then to a short circuit. Connect copper and aluminum wires only using a terminal block.

Heavy lamps or chandeliers on a long rod are attached to the hook. They have a special loop for hanging on a hook, which is subsequently closed with a decorative glass or bowl. The hook may already be present on your ceiling, but sometimes you have to install it yourself.

The process of hanging a chandelier is quite simple, but the hook attachment is worth considering in more detail. For light chandeliers weighing no more than 5 kg, you can use a regular hook paired with a plastic dowel. For heavy fixtures, it is better to use hooks on anchors - the latter are firmly fixed in concrete and are able to withstand heavy loads. The hook must be tried on to the decorative bowl - it must fully enter into it together with the connecting block.

Step 1. Work is carried out with the switch turned off, the machine and the plugs unscrewed. Choose a place to attach the hook. It is important to ensure that wires do not pass through the thickness of the concrete - if they are damaged, you will have to completely shift the wiring. How to do this is described above.

Step 2 The place for attaching the hook is marked with a marker or construction pencil. It should be close to the wires, and both the hook and the wiring should be completely covered by the decorative bowl of the chandelier.

Step 3 Drilling a hole in the ceiling desired diameter and depth with a drill or puncher. Insert the dowel or drive in the anchor until it stops, after which the hook is twisted.

Note! So that when drilling, concrete chips do not fly into the eyes, and the ceiling does not get dirty with dust, you can put a cardboard glass or half a tennis ball on the drill.

Step 4 Breakable parts and light bulbs are removed from the chandelier to avoid breakage. They hang it on a ready-made or fixed hook and connect the wires to the block. In the absence of the latter, a twist connection or PPE caps is allowed. Unused ground wires must be insulated.

Step 5 Carefully lay the wires inside the decorative bowl and fix it so that the gap between its edges and the ceiling is minimal. To fix the bowl on the rod, they usually use sealing gasket rubber / plastic or a small screw.

Step 6 Screw in the light bulbs and put on the shades. They turn on the machine in the shield and the switch in the room to check the performance of the chandelier.

Mounting on a mounting plate or bracket is used for most fixtures adjacent to the ceiling, as well as for some chandeliers on the rod. The installation of such a lamp consists of two stages: fixing the bar and installing the chandelier or ceiling lamp on it. As with the hook, you need to turn off the electricity in the apartment.

If the chandelier is attached to the place where the hook is already fixed, then it must be unscrewed, and if it is impossible to bend or cut it off. The hole from the hook is covered with putty.

Step 1. They disassemble the lamp and twist the mounting plate from it, as well as remove fragile elements and unscrew the light bulbs. The screws on the mounting plate, intended for fixing the ceiling, are tightly tightened onto the locknuts, otherwise it will be difficult to fix the lamp itself later.

Step 2 Attach the bar to the ceiling and mark the attachment points with a marker. It is important that they are located away from the cable laid in the ceiling. The ceiling is drilled with a puncher or impact drill to the desired depth, inserted into the dowel holes. Attach the bar to the ceiling and fix it with screws.

Note! Dowels can be additionally fixed with glue on cement base. To do this, a small amount of mixed glue is introduced into the drilled hole, after which the dowels are inserted and the bar is fixed.

Step 3 Attach the ceiling or luminaire to the mounting plate using the screws installed on it. To do this, combine the holes with the screws, put on the lamp and fix the nuts for several turns.

Step 4 Connect the wires coming out of the ceiling to the lamp block, after which the nuts are fully tightened and the chandelier is fixed. If the screws are short and do not allow you to connect the wires while hanging the lamp, you will need an assistant to hold it until it is fastened. You can also use a strong nylon cord, on which the lamp is temporarily suspended from the mounting plate.

Step 5 They put on the shades and screw in the light bulbs, after which they check the operability of the lamp using the switch.

A chandelier with a cruciform mounting plate is attached in the same way, only there are not two, but four places for attaching to the ceiling, and in the case of a massive lamp there can be eight.

Fixing a chandelier to a concrete ceiling is not difficult, and it is important to follow the rules of electrical safety. If you are not confident in your electrical installation skills, do not take risks, entrust the connection to a professional, as improper installation can damage the lamp or wires.

This also applies to complex chandeliers with multi-stage switching and complex logic. As a rule, an unprofessional connection will void the warranty on the device, and if the chandelier fails, you will have to repair the chandelier at your own expense.

To better understand the intricacies of connecting a chandelier, we recommend watching the video.

Video - How to hang and connect a chandelier to a concrete ceiling

Nowadays, there is a huge selection of all kinds of lighting fixtures mounted on the ceiling. But, nevertheless, many continue to install chandeliers in their homes and other premises, as a familiar classic element. How to hang a chandelier to the ceiling correctly, and what should be avoided when performing this type of work, we will just consider in this article.

How to attach a chandelier with your own hands

Ceiling lighting

A chandelier is not the only type of lighting equipment that can be used in a stretch ceiling. In addition to it, you can find all kinds of spotlights, spots, Spotlights, led strip And so on.

However, rich appearance the chandelier is an integral part of the classic, familiar to us interior. It complements the room, making it look more harmonious and complete.

Review

In this article, we will look at:

What chandeliers are suitable for stretch ceilings(cm. );
What types of fasteners exist;
How to fix the chandelier on the stretch ceiling.

So after reading, you can make your own skillful hands. Let's get started...

How to choose a chandelier for a stretch ceiling?

We hang ourselves: how to attach with your own hands

The choice of chandeliers for stretch ceilings must be made according to the following parameters:

The base of dish-type chandeliers should not be made of metal, as the body heats up during operation. Which, by the way, should not be allowed for stretch ceilings, regardless of what material they are made of, PVC or fabric. Or we advise you to use energy efficient lamps (not incandescent lamps) that do not cause strong heat;
To avoid dark spots on the ceiling, choose chandeliers with shades pointing down or slightly to the side;
Its lampholders must support the use of energy-saving lamps;
It should not be too complex in design.

The types of fasteners that you will have to come into contact with are as follows:

What chandelier and how to screw with your own hands

mounting hook. The most reliable, at all times, type of fastening. It can be anchored, with a through fastening through a storey ceiling, with a fastening for fixing in hollow concrete ceiling channels or a hook welded to a plate and fixed to the ceiling;

Usually comes in a kit and has either mounting studs or side holes with thread and screw clamp. Designed for light weight chandeliers;

Mounting plate "Cross". Comes in a set. Designed for large chandeliers having the shape of a circle, oval, rectangle or square;

Mounting plate "I-beam". Used to mount fairly large chandeliers and comes with them.

Mounting methods (briefly)

The chandelier can be hung from the ceiling in one of the ways presented in the table:

Chandelier mounting method	Peculiarities
	In this case, the bracket or bar is attached to two screws, with adjustment of the distance between them, which are then tightened with nuts. In this case: On the concrete ceiling, the bracket is fixed with two dowels. On wood - with wood screws. On drywall - with self-tapping screws to the carrier profile or directly to concrete base ceiling.
	It's old and enough reliable way. If the mass of the chandelier is not more than 4 kg, you can take a metal ordinary threaded hook. Tip: You can not attach the hook to plasterboard ceiling he won't last.
	Attaches and works like a straight bracket, but has large quantity structural attachment points. Allows you to use it for heavier ceiling chandeliers that are adjacent to the ceiling.
	Used to fasten heavy chandeliers at several points. The mounting strips are curved to allow the wires to exit freely.

Training

Let's consider how to install each of the types of fastening structures on the base ceiling.

Hook

There are many methods, we will name the old and proven methods:

Option 1:

To fix the anchor hook, it is necessary to drill a hole in the concrete to match the diameter of the anchor itself. Next, the anchor is hammered into the hole, and then the screw hook or nut is tightened to wedged the anchor in the ceiling.

Depending on the chandelier, the diameter of the anchor is selected. Their size varies from 6 mm to 14 mm - these are the most popular options.

Option 2:

If you are building your house and have already planned out what and where you will have, then there is another option for attaching a chandelier. A through hole is drilled in the place of the proposed chandelier. Then two square metal plates are cut out of 2-3 mm steel and a hole is drilled in the center along the diameter of the hook shank;
One plate is applied to the ceiling, and the second is placed on the floor of the upper floor. A hook with a solid thread is taken, screw one nut until it stops (it will prevent the bottom plate from sliding onto the hook), and wind the second one onto the shank, tightening the plates on the overlap. Such fixation will be very reliable.

Option 3:

The next type of fastener can be made as follows. Insert a 8-10 mm wire rod into a hole made in advance with a diameter of 30-50 mm in the overlap channel.

The hook can be made from the same 6-8 mm wire rod, make a hook at one end, and a 14-16 mm ring at the other. Then insert the hook with a ring into the hole and thread the mortgage rod through the ring.

Option 4:

There is another option similar to the previous one. For these purposes, we need only one plate, a hook with a shank and a solid thread on it, and two nuts. On the plate diagonally drill holes under fasteners with a diameter of 8 mm;
Screw one nut to the end of the thread, insert the plate and press it with the second nut until it stops. Cut flush with the nut the rest of the shank. In the base ceiling, you make a recess so that the nut is hidden and the plate fits snugly against the ceiling;
Mark out a place for its fastening. It is better to fasten using anchor studs with a diameter of 6 mm with a nut. This design can also be used for fastening to a wooden surface, fixing it with wood screws.

Option 5:

If the plates have voids inside, then you can buy a regular wedging hook. Its installation will not be difficult.

This bar has standard dimensions provided by the manufacturer of the chandelier. All these strips have the same characteristics: on the sides there are screw clamps for the chandelier, and on the main part applied to the base there are holes for fastening.

To install the bar, use wooden beam. Its location should be approximately 3-5 mm closer to the ceiling than the level of the stretch ceiling.

Mounting plate "Cross"

To mount this structure, it is necessary to provide a supporting platform. It can be made from plywood 16-20 mm thick. In its dimensions, it should be slightly wider than the blades of the cross. A hole for the cable outlet is drilled in the center, with a diameter of 50 mm.

Advice! For mounting to the base ceiling, use straight hangers, which are attached to the platform with 16 mm wood screws or 9 mm “bugs” screws on top so that there is no possibility of damaging the ceiling surface. Fasten the structure to the ceiling using anchor dowels for concrete or wood screws to a wooden surface.

Mounting plate "I-beam"

The fastening method for this type of bar is the same as for the cruciform one. The only difference is in the way it is attached to the base of the platform. How to install a chandelier on a stretch ceiling - the video that we have selected for you in this article.

What you need to know first when working with pendant lighting fixtures

Let's start with a list of small, but very important nuances.

Practice is a stubborn thing

Let's make a reservation right away, there are many ways to hang a chandelier from the ceiling, but practice shows that in some cases, neglecting elementary rules can lead to disastrous results, such as a lighting fixture falling to the floor. At the very beginning, let's look at how not to hang a chandelier.

Why are we bringing this issue up now? The fact is that knowing how not to do it can completely affect the entire course of the implementation of certain construction works.

Little negligence - big problems

not to load you extra information let's take a small example:

A hook is installed on the ceiling, and visual and contact inspection showed its sufficient reliability.
You installed a massive chandelier on it and until a certain time, it did not give you any trouble.

But life situations are different, there was a fire in the room, and the “specialists” fixed the hook in the ceiling with plastic dowels. If in the normal state the fastening of the hook was quite reliable, after exposure high temperature plastic dowels just melted.

Our reference - the dowels are not intended to work on the separation, and in this case, the force of gravity is directed strictly downwards, there are anchors to solve this problem.

As a result - smoke, fire, turmoil, and to this is added a massive chandelier falling from the ceiling on the heads of the victims. But this circumstance can cost someone a life, but the whole reason is not correct fastening chandeliers and surface inspection during installation.

Our advice - if you doubt the reliability of fastening the chandelier, completely dismantle it and install a new one, in accordance with all the rules.

Full control is the right decision

In the old panel houses the suspension for lamps and chandeliers was carried out according to a very simple scheme.
AT ceiling tiles there is a hole across which a metal rod is laid, on which a hook is hung.

Our advice - If your apartment has a similar mount, the service life of which exceeds 20 years, it will not be superfluous to remove the hook, pull out the rod and make sure it is reliable.

There were cases when the rods were made from a simple 5 mm wire or a piece of electrode. Over time, due to moisture, such a rod corroded, and the lighting fixture fell to the floor with a roar along with pieces of plaster and a fastening hook.

Suspended ceilings - the right fixing and how to solve problems

Recently gained great popularity. Lighting devices are also installed in such structures, but there are some nuances, without the knowledge of which it will be impossible to complete them.

Stretch ceilings - what you need to know

For example, if you want to hang a chandelier on a stretch ceiling, then it is important to understand that it is impossible to attach the chandelier to a stretch ceiling, so the mount will be carried out on the main ceiling.

Let's make a small digression and here's why:

If for many it is clear that it is impossible to fix a heavy lighting structure, which is a chandelier, to a stretch ceiling, then relatively light chandeliers are sometimes fixed to others. suspended ceilings straight to the surface.
Let's just say it's completely wrong. If we take, for example, then its frame has a rigid structure, which can easily withstand a fairly large chandelier. But even in this case, such a mount is not the most reliable.
In any case, whether you have a rigid frame or not, such lighting fixtures must be attached to the main floor.

It is clear that there is a gap between the suspended and the main ceiling, which can sometimes reach quite large sizes. In this case, a suspension of the appropriate length is simply arranged.

Our reference - An exception is the case when the location of the chandelier exactly coincides with the suspension of the supporting structure of the suspended ceiling.

Rule number one - turn off the power

Let's continue the installation of the chandelier on the stretch ceiling. We will hang on a hook, so we do not need to pre-install the installation site.

First you need to cut a hole in the ceiling. For this, we select a thermal ring of the appropriate diameter and glue it to the intended place on a special glue (for example, Cosmofen). After setting, cut with a clerical knife pvc film inside the ring.

Next, decide on the power supply outputs. As a rule, three wires are most often connected to the chandelier, one zero and two phase.
Use the indicator to find "zero" and mark it. You can just mark it with a marker or a piece insulating tape.
After that, the power supply must be turned off.
Next, you need to use construction tape measure determine the distance from the main floor to the stretch ceiling. If it is small, you can simply install a hook of the appropriate length. If this distance is large, a hanger will be required.

Tool and preparation

Definitely in this case, you will need to install an anchor. The whole problem lies in the small hole.

Therefore, we will need:

Perforator;
Boer diameter corresponding to the anchor;

Socket wrench of sufficient length. You can use an extension "square" with a head of the appropriate size;

Empty plastic bottle.

Making a basket

Cut off the bottom of the plastic bottle. We check whether it passes along the diameter into the hole in the stretch ceiling. If it does not pass, then we are looking for a smaller bottle.
A hole must be made in the cork from the bottle strictly in the center. The diameter of the hole should be such that the cork fits snugly on the drill.
Screw the cork onto the bottle and put it on the drill so that it comes out of the bottle 5 mm more than the length of the anchor.
Additionally, secure the bottle with electrical tape.
The most important thing is that it be set as accurately as possible along the axis of rotation.

Thus, we got a waste basket. Otherwise, the remnants of drilling will remain on the stretch ceiling, and it will be difficult to remove them.

You can start drilling. Rotation perforator should be minimal, but sufficient for drilling.

So:

As soon as the bottle hits the main ceiling, we know by the characteristic sound that drilling must be stopped.
The hole is ready and it exactly matches the dimensions of our anchor. The most important thing in this case is accuracy, try not to damage the stretch ceiling coating.

The anchor must be carefully inserted into the drilled hole and secured.
socket wrench for this fit better Total.
Tighten the anchor nut until it stops.

Everything, the anchor is installed, suspensions or hooks can be attached to it.

Connection - how to do it right

After the chandelier is hung, you must perform correct connection. As you remember, at the very beginning we mentioned three wires, one zero and two phases.

On the chandelier, you also need to know exactly where the zero and phases are. On many chandeliers, there are corresponding symbols on the connection terminal.

If for some reason there are no designations, it is necessary to determine them empirically. To do this, we need a conventional electrical indicator:

On sale there are the simplest indicators in the form of pens or screwdrivers with an LED, their price is cheap. Many probably met with them, they are in almost every home.
If you attach the tip of the indicator to the phase, the LED lights up, signaling that this is a phase, if it is set to zero, the indicator will not light.

You might be wondering, what does this have to do with a chandelier not connected to the mains?

Take your time, everything in order:

Take the indicator in your hand and put your finger on the top contact.
Then put the finger of the other hand on the tip of the indicator.

What happened?

That's right, the indicator light is on. The human body is an excellent conductor of electricity and we will use this principle to determine the neutral wire of our lamp.

Put the assembled chandelier, not connected to the mains, on the table and insert, no matter how funny it sounds, your finger into the cartridge where the light should be.
There are two contacts there. The finger should only touch the contact that is in contact with threaded connection light bulbs, this is a zero contact.
Take the indicator in your other hand as shown in the figure, put your finger on the top contact.
In turn, insert the tip of the indicator into the connection terminals of the chandelier until the indicator lamp lights up. An electrical circuit has formed through your body, exactly the same as in the second picture.

Everything, the neutral wire is found, you can mark it with a marker or a piece of insulating tape. As you can see, everything is very simple and most importantly completely safe.

Installation and performance check

Your neutral wires are marked, and there should be no problems.
In any case, after connecting, it is necessary to turn on the voltage and check the operability of the lighting device.
If everything works fine, you can install caps and other parts of the chandelier decor.

Any task on the shoulder

As you can see, if you follow some simple rules, you can hang a chandelier on a stretch ceiling with your own hands. The instruction is not complicated, but you should remember some important things that we have voiced.

Getting acquainted with the articles on our resource, watching video clips or photos, you can learn a lot of useful things for yourself. We hope that many of our tips have really helped solve your, albeit small problems. Good luck to you!

A chandelier is not just an ordinary lighting device, which is an attribute of any interior. It also serves as an additional decorative element. Fashion does not stand still, in order to please it, it is often necessary to change the chandelier when repairing or changing the situation. However, it is not necessary to resort to the help of outsiders, you can hang the lamp from the ceiling yourself, the main thing is to follow the algorithm of work.
And even if you never happen to fix the lamp to the ceiling yourself, it will not be superfluous to at least just know how to do it right in order to be able to control the work of employees. Therefore, let's figure out how to hang a chandelier so that it is reliable and safe.

Basics

Initially, the installation of the chandelier begins with an inspection of the existing mounting system.
According to the type of fastening, three methods of suspension are distinguished - they are used most often (meaning specifically for chandeliers).

fastening on powerful hooks built into the ceiling.
suspension bracket.
platform mounting

Attachment installation

The first option is most suitable for massive lamps that have a leg or are suspended on chains (or wires) of different lengths. The hook is able to withstand constant, significant loads. It used to be always built in by default - even at the stage of laying floor slabs. Today, builders do not always do this.
Modern models of lamps are usually made of lightweight materials, and it is not at all necessary to make powerful fasteners for them. In addition, usually the hook is located clearly in the center of the room, and designers often shift the visual center or zone the space with the help of lighting. And then what to do with the ugly hook tightly built into the ceiling?
Therefore, in the buildings of the new model, the new settlers, at their discretion, plan the location of the chandelier, shifting it in the right direction. For hanging the luminaire, a simple and reliable mounting plate is used (shown in the second photo), which successfully copes with light loads. This mounting option allows the use of flat lamp models, which, as planned, should fit snugly against the ceiling. Such systems can be mounted on suspended ceiling structures.
The latter type is used on hollow stretch and plasterboard ceilings. By themselves, these materials are not strong and stable, so the holder (in the form of a wooden block, for example) is attached directly to concrete floor. And then a lamp is hung to it, flush with the hanging surface.
Holder profiles must be strictly parallel so that there is no increased load to one side. The only exception is a significant difference in the planes of the ceiling, when you need to level the platform using hangers of different heights.

Work safety

During operation, you need to remember three main rules: adhere to the basics of safety, observe the polarity when connecting wires and use a reliable mount. These prescriptions, like three whales, must be strictly observed.
In addition, in order to correctly (and without health consequences) install a ceiling lamp, remember the recommendations below.

The most important thing is to ensure absolute safety of work. This means that it is necessary to replace the lamp during the day in order to be able to completely de-energize the apartment throughout the entire installation period.

Even if the circuit is de-energized, be sure to check it with a special tester screwdriver with a built-in light bulb. Sometimes the residual voltage can hit very hard.

Always de-energize and test the lighting circuit when hanging fixtures from the ceiling. Mounting chandeliers is work at height, so even a slight electric shock is enough to cause a more serious injury when falling from a stepladder.

New chandelier and old wiring

You need to be especially careful if your wiring is old and made of aluminum wire. Ideally, it should be completely replaced by copper, with a large cross section. This is absolutely justified, since much lower rated loads were previously laid on the chain. Therefore, it would be correct to expand it throughput. If it is not possible to change the wiring, then protect yourself as much as possible by following our recommendations.
Remember - in no case do not directly connect the copper wires of the chandelier with a thick aluminum wiring cable. In close contact, both substances react, and as a result of corrosion, there is a real threat of a short circuit, and, as a result, a fire.
Therefore, put insulating solder on the copper wires, and only then screw them to the aluminum ones. In this way, all three wires are processed, to be sure, additionally solder all the joints (especially if the chandelier is installed in wet rooms, such as a bathroom). And it is better to use special clamping terminals that provide a safe and reliable connection. Models of their mass and the cost is very small.
Do not be lazy to make grounding, both for the lamp itself and for the switch. This will minimize the risk of electric shock if the neighbors suddenly flood you.

We will analyze the features of installation in rooms with different starting conditions in order to perform the installation correctly. We give three main types of ceilings: concrete, stretch and plasterboard.

concrete ceilings

chandelier hook

The most common option for attaching chandeliers to concrete surfaces is conventional hooks. If you don’t have a hook, or after a long time it has become unreliable, it’s better to play it safe and change it, strengthening the structure properly.
To do this, you will have to re-embroider the seams between the plates, going a little to the sides. A strong metal plate (or pin) is inserted into the resulting opening - it is much easier to do this if the floors are hollow. For damp rooms, it will not be superfluous to treat the plate with any enamel paint, then it will be less susceptible to corrosion.

Then the hook itself clings to the plate. As a result, it turns out reliable system capable of withstanding heavy loads.
A solid concrete base allows you to use the other two methods of fastening, if suddenly there is a need for this.

Stretch ceiling

Many inexperienced craftsmen often have a question - how to hang a chandelier on a stretch surface (canvas or PVC film)?
In fact, if you have a stretch ceiling installed in your room, you can mount the chandelier in the manner described above. With the only amendment that you need to hang the lamp away from the canvas, so that the heated lamps do not touch the flasks to its surface. However, most often installers resort to the third type of fastening - with the build-up of the platform.
In order to attach the chandelier at the same level with the canvas, you will need to do strong frame. It might be simple wooden block installed flush with the film surface. A mounting plate is screwed onto it with self-tapping screws. The fastening of all elements of the base must be rigid so that vibrations stretch film did not cause the chatter of the lamp.

Chandelier fixture

In addition, on both sides of the stretch film are installed special gaskets that reinforce the perforation site. They do not allow the web to stretch under its own weight, and also act as a thermal insulating layer that protects the web from heat. They look like rings. The one that needs to be fixed from the outside is usually transparent, and it is not at all visible behind the decorative overlay of the chandelier.

Stretch ceiling preparation

The wires must also be well insulated at the junctions. And it is better to use special clamping terminals that connect and seal the joints with high quality.

Plasterboard ceilings

You can attach a chandelier to a plasterboard ceiling using the same technology as on a stretch ceiling. The second type of fastening is also used - if you plan to install a heavy chandelier. Then the bar is used right size. It is attached to the ceiling with a special collet stud. It allows you to significantly enhance the potential of the design.

Drywall fastener

A mounting plate is screwed to the base, and almost any chandelier can already be safely attached to it.

Low ceilings and other nuances

Usually than more room, the larger size pendant lights can be installed. And they weigh a lot, and in fact they pose a real danger to residents - in the event of an unforeseen break in the fasteners and a fall.
Depending on the type of chandeliers, there are some features of fastening. For example, traditional hooks are not suitable for hanging flat models fixtures that do not have a rod. Therefore, if you have low ceilings, and you want to smooth out this drawback with a flat lamp, you will have to redo the mounting base. Change the massive hook to a flat bar. If the chandelier is small and light, it is enough to mount it on aluminum ceiling hangers.
A massive and heavy chandelier should definitely be hung on a thick steel hook, deeply “embedded” in the ceiling. Today you can buy a special, very convenient and practical hook. It is equipped with spacer bars that open during installation - like butterfly wings, and do not allow the mount to hang out and fall out.
After installing such a hook, the hole surrounding it must be primed and cemented. Wait at least a day for the mixture to set. As a result, such a mount will be able to withstand even a heavy chandelier.

Chandelier fixture

Please note that the wiring is not attached to the hook. A special chandelier holder is hung on it, and the cables are freely, without tension, located next to or around.

Scheme

Another important point in installing a ceiling light is to connect the wires correctly. Typically, lighting systems use three wires: phase, ground and zero.
It’s great if they differ in the color of the insulation - then you don’t have to guess which one is which.
The “phase” has brown (or black) insulation, grounding can be identified by the yellow braid, and “zero”, as a rule, is blue. In high-quality models of chandeliers, the wires are always marked different colors so that there is no need to “ring out” where the phase is, where is zero. Then your task is to connect the wiring to the cables of the lamp - by color.
If all three cables look the same, you will have to empirically determine where the “phase” is located. It can be revealed by bringing indicator screwdriver in turn for each wire. When the light comes on, this cable is the “phase”. Although this popular method is far from safe, it is better to use a special tester. To avoid confusion, mark the cables with a multi-colored marker or electrical tape.

When it is planned to install a luminaire with the most simple control- enough single-gang switch. The assembly diagram of the lighting circuit is as follows:

Single switch

If you want to be able to turn on each lamp individually (or all together) - put a two-gang switch. Then the connection diagram will look like this (for example, a chandelier with three light bulbs is taken).

double switch

By analogy, a three-button switch is installed.
Before twisting (or terminal connection), strip 3-4 cm of wire from insulation. Do this carefully so as not to damage individual wires. It's better to use this special tool to remove the insulation.
Now you can connect the lamp, it will be correct to first connect the “zero”, and then the “phase”. If you have three wires in the circuit (that is, an additional ground is laid) - then the corresponding cables with yellow insulation are also simply connected in pairs.

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