Do-it-yourself installation of a septic tank. Metal septic tank, are there metal septic tanks? Square iron container for a septic tank

For sewer cleaning household plots use autonomous treatment facilities. They are purchased in ready-made manufacturers or make your own. Homemade designs perform from different materials, most often use brick, concrete or metal. Metal installations are designed for seasonal operation and are more reliable and practical.

A metal septic tank is a container of a cylindrical or rectangular shape from carbon steel or stainless steel. The simplest installation for the collection and treatment of sewage waste is a 1-capacity storage tank. It has this device:

Camera.
incoming pipe.
Lid.

Domestic sewage flows into the tank through a pipeline. The mass inside the tank is gradually stratified into solids and light suspensions. The septic tank is cleaned by a sewer as it accumulates.

Adding a second metal camera in the design allows to improve the cleaning process Wastewater. The biomass in the sump ferments and decomposes into particles. Solid particles sink to the bottom and turn into sludge. Ventilation tube allows you to remove the harmful gases formed during the fermentation process to the outside. The light mixture is sent to the second tank.

There is no ventilation in the second tank, no air enters. The organic matter inside the chamber decomposes and flows by gravity through the pipeline to the filtration field - land plot with an area of up to 30 m², where wastewater is absorbed by the soil and final filtration is carried out. The septic tank is cleaned no more than 1-2 times a year and depends on the filling with sewer waste.

Types of metal septic tanks

Metal septic tanks are:

Single chamber.
Two-chamber.
Three-chamber.

The choice of design depends on the flow rate of the liquid, the number of people living in the house and the method of cleaning. The more chambers, the higher the degree of purification of the incoming sewer mixture.

Steel products according to the method of cleaning are divided into the following types:

Cumulative. Consist of 1 chamber in which sewage accumulates.
With soil post-treatment. Drains are displayed on the filtration fields.

According to the shape of the septic tank are divided into:

Vertical. Presented in the form of vertically arranged barrels. On the top there are sealed hatches.
Horizontal - tanks with several hatches on top.

By location:

Surface. Placed on the surface of the earth or dug in to a depth of 50 cm.
Underground. Mounted in the ground to a great depth.

Advantages and disadvantages

Metal septic tanks have the following advantages:

Structures are most often made by welding, so there are no gaps and cracks in the butt welds, which eliminates the possibility of leakage.
Due to the large mass of the structure, when the groundwater level rises, the device does not float to the surface.
Do not deform under the action of soil movement and pressure on the bottom and walls of the device.
Withstand low temperatures, do not crack in the cold.
Long service life. Products from sheets of steel St3 are operated for 20-30 years.

The main disadvantage of metal structures for collecting and cleaning sewers is susceptibility to corrosion. According to GOST for steel St3, for a year spontaneously as a result of interaction with environment 0.2 mm of metal is destroyed. To counteract corrosion, the septic tank is treated with an anti-corrosion compound. On the outer part of the structure, soil and rubber-bitumen mastic are applied in 3 layers, inside - durable enamel based on epoxy resin.

To negative sides also include complex installation of the structure. Lifting equipment is required for installation.

How to make a septic tank out of metal with your own hands?

The best budget solution— fabrication of a facility for the purification of household water from ready-made old containers. For example, barrels made of aluminum or steel from fuel and lubricants or tanks from trucks. To choose what capacity liquid tanks are needed, they proceed from the maximum volume of outflowing effluents. So, for a family of 4, 2 barrels of 200 liters each are suitable.

Production and installation of a 2-chamber septic tank from metal containers:

In the walls finished structures make holes with a diameter of 110 mm for inlet and outlet pipes, and maintain a distance of 10 cm between them so that the outlet pipeline is located below the inlet.
For cleaning with access to the filtration field, a hole is made at the bottom of the second tank at an angle of 45° for further connection of a pipe that discharges treated effluents to the site.
On the lid of the septic tank, a hole is provided for pumping out the mass from the drive.
At a distance of at least 5 m from the house, markings are made.
In the intended place, they dig a pit a little larger than the diameter of the finished barrel. The dimensions of the pit should be such that 2 structures can freely fit into it, and the distance between the barrels should be 40-50 cm.
With multi-stage cleaning, it is recommended to install 1-chamber tanks at different levels. For the first barrel, they dig a hole with a depth corresponding to the height of the drive, for the second - 20-30 cm more.
On the basis of the pit they make sand cushion 20 cm thick, rammed. The concrete bottom is equipped with reinforcing loops for fixing the tanks.
The treatment tanks are installed using a lifting mechanism.
A sewer pipe is inserted through the top of the first tank.
Connect all installation pipes.
The joints are treated with sealant.
The space between the walls of the pit and the barrels is covered with earth and compacted tightly.
The sewage treatment plant is covered with a lid.

A septic tank can be made from sheet steel, with welding skills and the necessary welding equipment, or use the services of a professional welder. Pre-calculate the dimensions of the structure, perform a sketch of the model.

Sheet steel is metal in the form of sheets or wide strips. Rolled metal is universal and in demand in production and construction, it differs high strength, plasticity, ease of processing and affordable price. Sheets available for sale. different thickness. Standard sizes- 2000x1050 mm, 2500x1250 mm, 6000x1000 mm, etc.

For the manufacture of sewer plant for giving and country houses 3 sheets of steel 2500x1250 mm 3-4 mm thick are suitable.

To make a septic tank out of metal with your own hands, perform the following steps:

According to the developed pattern, blanks of the required dimensions are cut out of the sheets.
in the middle of each lane grinder make cuts and bend at a right angle along the marks.
The sheets are joined together, grabbing the edges.
The structure is assembled in the form of a parallelepiped, welded with welded seams.
For reinforcement along long sides weld corners 50x50x4 mm.
The seams are cleaned with a metal brush, the sags and formations obtained during the welding process are removed.
Make holes for the pipeline and the neck of the tank. The neck can be round or square.

The product is ready for installation. Further work for installation are carried out similarly to a 2-chamber structure from ready-made containers.

A septic tank from sheet metal can be made cylindrical. For the manufacture of the structure, the sheet must be bent on a special bending machine. The product has a minimum number of welds and is sealed, durable and reliable.

Our company manufactures and sells sewage tanks in Tyumen. We guarantee the quality of our products, and the compliance of our containers with the declared characteristics. Metal containers for sewerage are always in stock, it is also possible to order containers according to individual sizes. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the cases in which it is better to choose a metal container, how to choose and where to buy a metal septic tank?

Metal containers for sewerage in Tyumen are widely used. A metal septic tank has a number of advantages: tightness, structural rigidity, affordable price, easy installation. The main disadvantage" iron septic tank"is susceptibility to corrosion. Metal corrosion largely depends on the aggressiveness of the environment and the quality anti-corrosion coating. Practice shows that a container with a wall thickness of 4 mm has a period useful operation 18-25 years old.

Now about everything in more detail. First of all, storage tanks are made of metal, less often sectional septic tanks. A storage tank and a septic tank are two different concepts, despite the fact that we are used to calling any sewer tank a septic tank. The accumulator is a sealed container where drains enter through the pipeline and, as it is filled, the container is emptied by a vacuum machine. In the septic tank, on the contrary, the water settles and is diverted into the ground for post-treatment. In connection with the diversion of wastewater into the ground, a number of restrictions on the construction of septic tanks appear, including the distance from the well (well), house and fence. Often, due to the limited area of \u200b\u200bthe site, there is simply nowhere to mount a septic tank. With a high level of groundwater, it is also difficult to mount a septic tank. Since the runoff must be cleaned before it enters the aquifers. Considering everything listed problems many owners of private houses make their choice in favor of storage tanks. The storage tank is the simplest and at the same time effective type of wastewater disposal. The drive can be mounted regardless of the remoteness of the house, the fence and the source drinking water, of course, if the drive is sealed. Maintenance of the storage tank is extremely simple, after filling the tank, the water is pumped out. Constant pumping of wastewater is main disadvantage drive.

Let's see why metal containers are chosen, and not concrete, despite the fact that the metal is subject to corrosion. Metal tanks are a strong construction, but the main thing in order to buy a metal sewer tank is its tightness and ease of installation. In many areas in our city, there is a high level of groundwater, which greatly complicates the installation of concrete containers. Concrete tanks are usually constructed from iron concrete rings, it is difficult to make a sealed container from rings. This is of course possible, but it is more time-consuming work, it is much easier to bury a metal container. Metal sewer containers are not high, which simplifies installation, while the rings are dug into the depth to obtain the required volume of the container. With a groundwater level of 1.5 meters, it is difficult to even dig a hole of the proper depth, not to mention the sealing of concrete rings in place, which is why metal tanks are preferred at high groundwater.

Storage containers can also be made of plastic. Plastic containers are sealed and resistant to corrosion. But a metal container for sewerage also competes with a plastic container, the main argument for choosing a metal septic tank is the price. As paradoxical as it may seem, a metal container is 2.5 times cheaper than a plastic one, in addition, a metal container is easier and cheaper to install. The plastic container must be attached to concrete base. and sprinkled with sand-cement mortar.

Thus, metal containers have a lot of advantages, we saw why many people choose them. The main disadvantage of metal containers is corrosion. Metal corrosion largely depends on the aggressiveness of the environment and the quality of the anti-corrosion coating. Practice shows that a container with a wall thickness of 4 mm has a useful life of 18-25 years.

How big should the container be? When choosing the volume of the drive, they usually start from the monthly water consumption and the volume of the tanker. On average, one resident consumes 200 liters of water per day, respectively, a family of 4 people per month will consume 24 cubic meters. m. of water. But containers for a septic tank, as a rule, choose less than a monthly consumption, and water consumption can be much less, because people usually do not sit at home all day. As a rule, choose a capacity of 5 m3 and 10 cubic meters and here, first of all, they are repelled by the volume of the sewer machine. Vacuum trucks based on Kamaz usually have a volume of 10 m3, and Zil 5 cubic meters.

Metal containers for sewerage can be rectangular, cylindrical and oval. Any container in the ground is subject to loads - it can be the pressure of the soil lying on the container, the pressure of groundwater, the forces of underground heaving, and all of the above at the same time. Therefore, the container must be equipped with stiffeners. Tanks of a cylindrical shape are preferable for installation in the ground, since the cylindrical shape allows you to distribute the load along the walls of the tank. A cylindrical container is less prone to collapse, but such containers must also be equipped with stiffeners. Many mount cylindrical containers without stiffeners and these containers cope with loads, but this largely depends on the diameter of the circle, wall thickness, groundwater level and the depth of the container, so we recommend equipping the container with stiffeners.

Oval-shaped containers will distribute the load worse, but as a rule they have a lower height, which greatly simplifies installation. Rectangular containers must be equipped with stiffeners or struts, and they will also cope with all loads. mount rectangular containers the easiest, and they are the least prone to surfacing.

We've reached another important issue How to make sure that the container does not float? A reservoir in the ground raises groundwater, which usually happens in the spring. To avoid this situation, the mass of the container (and everything that it pulls with it) must be greater than the mass of the liquid it displaces. talking plain language if the container is 5 cubic meters, then a mass of 5 tons should lie on it, if 8 cubic meters then 8 tons, etc., this is provided that the container is covered with water entirely, if the water reaches half of the container, respectively, the extrusion force will decrease by 2 times. It is not necessary that the indicated weight lies exactly on the container, you can install weighting under the container and attach it. That is why a concrete slab is installed or poured under the tank.

So we turn to the choice of sewer capacity. The demand for a metal septic tank in Tyumen is large, so there are also plenty of offers to choose from. You can buy new sewer tanks and used tanks from fuel, water, etc. New sewer tanks, surprisingly, can also be made from used metal and new metal.

Let's start with used containers. Used containers are cylindrical containers from fuel, water, etc., produced back in the days of the USSR. Such containers are found in almost any volume, most often 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 cubic meters. For sewerage in a private house, containers from 5 to 12 m3 are usually used, less often 25 m3 and 50 m3. Naturally, the larger the capacity, the more expensive it is. There are ground and underground containers, it is better to choose a ground one, since metal rusts faster in the ground, and the container could be damaged during dismantling. But above-ground tanks can also be heavily corroded, primarily in the lower part of the tank. In general, when choosing a used container, you need to carefully examine it for corrosion on the metal. rusty metal covered with pits, if their depth is a millimeter on each side of the sheet, then 2 mm follows from the nominal wall thickness of the container. The resulting result will be the wall thickness of the container you are buying. Usually in such containers the quality of the welding seams is good, so it is enough to be convinced of this by examining a short section of the seam. It is worth noting that the diameter of such containers is at least 1.8 meters, so it will be more difficult to mount them than a special container for a septic tank, which has a height of not 1.5 meters. The cost of a used container for 5-10 cubic meters will be equal to the cost of a new rectangular container.

Special containers for sewage, as mentioned above, can be made from recycled materials. How high quality such a container depends on what was the material from which it was made. As with choosing a used container, you need to pay close attention to corrosion on the metal. Such containers are made in a handicraft way, therefore, it is also necessary to pay close attention to the quality of the seam. In the figure above, a metal septic tank from a pipe, such containers are made of a thick-walled pipe, which is cut in half, and inserted into the gaps steel sheets second-hand with a wall from 4 mm and above. Of course, the thinnest wall of the container will rot first of all, so the service life of such a container will be the same as that of a used container.

New containers for a septic tank are made of new metal, can have a rectangular and cylindrical shape. If you need to buy a container for sewerage, then it is best to choose a container made of new metal. All used metal, as a rule, has already been used for at least 20 years, and naturally rusted. The welding seam of a new metal container is much better than recycled containers. Moreover, the price of a container made of new metal is, without exaggeration, equal to the cost of a container made of used metal. But when choosing such containers, it is also necessary to check the wall thickness of the container. On the market a large number of not conscientious manufacturers who simply deceive the buyer and sell containers with a wall thickness less than stated. Every millimeter is very important here, since 1 mm is 5 years of service for your septic tank. Buy only from trusted suppliers.

All sewage tanks, both round and rectangular, must be equipped with a stiffening frame. A manhole in storage tanks is not always done, as shown in the figure. In storage tanks, the clot, as in a septic tank, does not accumulate, but is immediately pumped out, so there is no special need for a hatch.

Mounting sewer septic tank. After we have chosen a metal septic tank, we need to mount it. First of all, it is necessary to determine the place of the intended installation. The sealed accumulator must be mounted so that it can be serviced by a vacuum machine. The shorter the sewer pipe from the house to the septic tank, the less risk of its blockage. But close to a standing building, it is impossible to dig a foundation pit for the drive, since the walls of the pit can crumble. If you get a long distance from the house to the septic tank, then you need to install revisions every 12 meters of the pipeline. Revision is a well in order to clean the pipeline in case of blockage. Usually for a private house they lay sewer pipe, with a diameter of 110 mm, the slope for such a pipe must be observed 2 cm per 1 meter. The hole needs to be dug with a margin, 30 centimeters on each side. It is easier and more efficient to dig a hole with an excavator than by hand. It is even easier, more profitable and more reliable to order installation from professionals.

Today, there are a wide variety of models of septic tanks and local treatment plants on sale. However, the purchase finished product not suitable for every consumer. Many people prefer to build a septic tank on their own, especially if the sewerage system is being built in the country and the construction budget is quite modest. For homemade version you need a septic tank. Moreover, it must have sufficient volume, be durable and reliable. Consider what containers can be used in construction and how to install the purchased container with your own hands.

A septic tank is a practical, easy-to-use device for collecting and treating wastewater. If you want to reduce the cost of building a local sewage system, you can build a treatment plant yourself by doing the installation yourself.

Can be used to make containers various materials, the main thing is that the sump chambers are sealed, and their volume is sufficient for high-quality settling of effluents. Consider what plastic containers for a septic tank can be used when planning the construction of a local sewer.

Types of containers

Choose suitable capacity for a septic tank is not an easy task. Firstly, it must be sufficiently voluminous, and secondly, it must be able to withstand ground pressure, since it will be installed underground. And thirdly, the container for the septic tank must be resistant to the aggressive environment of sewage. Let's see what options are available.

metal tanks

Many inexperienced builders believe the best option tanks for the sump tank - metal tank. In fact, this is a losing option, since the metal is prone to corrosion and will quickly break down under the influence of sewage.

It must be said that metal containers for the construction of treatment plants are not produced today, so homeowners use improvised material. As a rule, these are used metal tanks that were used to transport liquids.

This is an extremely unfortunate choice, since during operation these containers have become very worn out, so the built septic tank will quickly collapse.

Advice! If a metal tank is chosen as a container, the septic tank will last no more than three years. Only under the condition of high-quality anti-corrosion treatment, it can be expected that a metal container can last about 5 years. Therefore, it is possible to use metal containers for a septic tank for the construction of local sewage only if a temporary system is being built, for example, during the construction of a house.

concrete rings

Building a homemade septic tank from well rings cast from reinforced concrete is one of the most popular options. It turns out to be quite durable and, subject to the construction technology, can last several decades without requiring repair.

The disadvantages of this option include the significant weight of the rings; for construction, you will have to rent lifting equipment. In addition, like all prefabricated structures, it is not airtight enough.

Therefore, when installing such a structure with your own hands, you have to additionally carry out work to seal the joints between the rings. Joints are treated with concrete mortar (preferably prepared with the addition of liquid glass) and waterproofing mastic.

Plastic containers

No less popular are plastic containers for a septic tank. They are absolutely tight, resistant to corrosion, strong enough and reliable. In addition, such a container for a septic tank is light in weight, so when unloading them, it is possible to do without the use of lifting equipment. Light weight is a big plus if you plan to do it yourself.

If selected plastic container for the construction of local sewerage, it must be taken into account that light weight is not only positive characteristic but also certain disadvantages. The fact is that a light container can be lifted groundwater during their seasonal flood.

Floating to the surface, it destroys the entire sewerage system, so the elimination of such an accident requires a lot of labor. To prevent floating, as well as to reduce the loads exerted on the hull by soil, installation is carried out using a special technology:

They build a "sarcophagus" of concrete, in which a septic tank is installed;
Perform anchoring, fixing the hull on reinforced concrete slab laid at the bottom of the pit. If it is not possible to use special equipment for laying the slab into the pit, you can build a formwork at the bottom and fill concrete mortar with preliminary bookmark metal parts to which the straps holding the septic tank will be attached.

Today you can buy specially produced plastic tanks for a septic. Consumers have the opportunity to choose a tank of any size they need or even order the manufacture of containers to order. If you want to save money, you can use used containers - eurocubes or old ones, but, of course, whole plastic barrels.

How to build a septic tank from old barrels?

It should be noted that homemade septic tank from plastic barrels is only suitable for equipping summer cottages, on which it is not planned to install a large set of plumbing. This version of the septic tank is also suitable for a small traditional bath on the site.

But for a house in which a family is planned to live permanently, such a simple solution will not work. The fact is that the chambers must contain a three-day volume of effluents, and barrels have a limited capacity.

Advice! It is possible to plan to build a septic tank from barrels only if the cottage is not used for permanent residence and has a limited set of devices connected to the sewerage system. If there is a desire to install a bath in the country and washing machine, then you should look for a more productive option.

But choosing this option, installation with your own hands will be able to carry out even not the most experienced master, since the design is going to be quite simple. Installation is carried out as follows:

The trench is being prepared. Its depth must be less than a meter, width - 1.5 m., and length - about 6 m;
Now the first barrel for a septic tank is being prepared. It will be necessary to connect the sewer pipe coming from the house to it. It must also be equipped with a removable lid, necessary for the periodic removal of sediment;

The second barrel is connected to the first overflow pipe, in addition, a discharge pipe is connected to it, through which the settled water will flow into the drainage ditches;
When installing barrels in a ditch, the following rule is followed: the first one is installed so that its lid is at least 10 cm below the ground surface. And the second barrel is placed 30 cm below the first;
It is recommended to insulate the entire system so that the water does not freeze;
Next is the construction of drainage trenches. They should be covered with rubble and lay pipes with a slope in them. On this montage a simple septic tank can be considered complete.

Using plastic barrels for a septic tank, you can build an economical and simple treatment plant. However, this version of the septic tank has low productivity and is not perfect in terms of the quality of wastewater treatment. For the construction of installations for the processing of large volumes of wastewater, it is better to choose ready-made plastic tanks of the required capacity. Do-it-yourself installation in this case will be a little more difficult, due to large sizes containers. But on the other hand, such a septic tank will be able to cope with an impressive volume of effluents.

One of the most milestones creation autonomous sewerage. The choice of material plays an important role, since the reliability and duration of the operation of the device depend on it. The strength of the material affects the operation of the entire treatment system.

Metal is one of the most popular options for arranging a seasonal system. This material has its advantages and disadvantages, which you should know about even before you start to start the equipment of the treatment system.

Advantages and disadvantages of a metal septic tank

The main advantages of using this material will be like this:

Since the metal structure has a large weight, it cannot be forced out of the soil surface under the pressure that is created on the soil walls. The heavy weight of the structure is a disadvantage when installation work, but it is able to maintain the good functioning of the system during direct operation.

· The metal has high strength, so it is not afraid of any damage caused by mechanical shock during installation of the system. Even with severe damage during operation, the material will not deform.

· High level sealing makes it possible to exclude the flow of equipment. Thanks to this, the soil will be completely protected from the ingress of dirty sewage into it, and the tank in the tank will not be overfilled.

The main disadvantage of a metal septic tank is the tendency of this material to corrode. To avoid such troubles as the appearance of rust, it is recommended to treat the system with special compounds.

Some use stainless steel tanks, and thus solve the problem of corrosion. But this option is irrational, since the cost of this material will cost twice as much as ordinary metal.

Another disadvantage will be the need to use lifting equipment during the installation of the structure. Since the metal structure is heavy, it will not work to lift it on your own.

How to make a metal septic tank in the country?

If there is no cottage full complex plumbing, it is best to create a septic tank from old metal containers. The ideal option will use steel or aluminum barrels. When choosing the size of the container, you need to consider the composition of your family and the amount of water regularly consumed by everyone. If the family is not large (up to 5 people), then you can use the option of barrels of 200 liters. The most important thing is that the material is durable and the walls metal structure intact.

We offer you the following sequence of installation of a metal septic tank:

· Digging a pit to accommodate tanks. When performing these works, the dimensions of the container must be taken into account.

The bottom of the dug hole should be covered with sand and compacted. The layer must be at least 10 cm so that the barrel can be well fixed. Some use reinforcement loops as fixation.

· Installation of the system.

· Connection of a barrel and system of pipes. In this case, the master must take into account the need for holes through which wastewater will be pumped out.

Filling voids between the walls and the tank.

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