The chimney is part heating system at home and serves to divert harmful substances formed during the combustion of fuel. Installing a chimney is also necessary when arranging fireplaces. In order for the chimney channel to correctly perform the functions assigned to it, it is necessary to correctly calculate the parameters that affect the work before construction. The calculation of the chimney in most cases is carried out by professionals, since the slightest mistake can lead to irreparable consequences. In order to save money, this work can be done on your own.

Why is a chimney calculation required?

Calculation of a chimney for a stove, boiler, fireplace or other heating equipment needed for:

• ensuring proper draft, with the help of which all substances harmful to human health, formed as a result of combustion, are removed outside the living quarters. If unacceptable substances enter the house, then a person can get severe poisoning that can lead to death;

• optimization of the received heat in the ratio of the spent fuel. If most of the heated air goes into the chimney, then it will take large quantity firewood. With the right ratio of fuel and heat received, the heated air will heat the furnace walls as much as possible and, which will reduce the resources expended;
• chimney calculation is also required to maximize the possibility of ensuring a fire situation. Highly heated air escaping from the smoke duct or low draft can cause sparks to fall on combustible surfaces, which will inevitably lead to a fire.

Calculating the parameters of the pipe will allow not only saving on fuel resources, but also ensuring a comfortable and safe stay of people in a residential area.

What parameters need to be calculated

The program for calculating the chimney involves the calculation of parameters such as:

• chimney channel height;
• the diameter of the pipes used for the construction of the chimney (if pipes are used for arranging the channel) or the calculation of the cross section of the chimney when it is made of brick;
• determination of optimal traction.

For the arrangement of an industrial chimney, these parameters are not enough. Specialists additionally produce:

• aerodynamic calculation of the chimney;
• calculation of the strength and stability of the structure.

For a domestic chimney installed in private homes, it is sufficient to calculate three basic parameters.

How to calculate the parameters of the chimney

The chimney calculation method is based on the determination of each parameter separately, but on the basis of general data on the installed heating equipment and the fuel used.

Determining the height of the chimney

The calculation of the chimney height must be based on the following rules:

1. for normal draft, the total height of the channel, starting from the grate of the furnace and ending on the roof, must be more than 5 m;
2. the height of the outgoing pipe on the roof depends on its type and the distance of the chimney from the ridge:
   • on the flat roof for normal traction, a height that is more than 0.5 m above the highest point is sufficient;

• on the pitched roof flue duct must be located on different height depending on its distance from the skate;

1. The outlet of the chimney channel must not be located in the zone of wind backwater. The occurrence of a wind zone is due to the location next to the house of another higher building or tree. The result is a wind vortex that interferes with the normal exit of air from the pipe.

If you comply with all the requirements of the document, then calculating the height of the smoke channel is not a problem.

You can see the video on how to correctly determine the height of the smoke exhaust duct on the roof.

Determining the section of the smoke channel

The calculation of the chimney diameter is based on the calculations:

1. volume of outgoing gas, depending on the capacity of the installed heater. The calculation is made according to the formula:

In the given formula:

• B is a coefficient that depends on the type of fuel used in the heater; table 10 from GOST 2127-47 is used to determine the parameter (given in the "" section);
• V - the volume of fuel burned, determined by the characteristic for the heater;
• T - is defined as the temperature of the gas at its exit from the pipe (for household stoves and boilers, this figure is 150 - 200ºС).

1. the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe, which is defined as the ratio of the volume of gas (Vr) to the speed of gas movement through the pipe. For household appliances this figure is approximately 2m / s;
2. based on the calculated indicators, you can find the diameter of the pipe (the geometric formula for the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe circle is taken for calculation). Formula for calculation (where W is the gas velocity):

d²=(4 * Vr) / (π * W).

All calculations must be made with the utmost care, based on the data specified during the purchase or construction of the heating equipment used.

Calculation of the optimal thrust indicator

The calculation of the chimney draft is carried out to verify the correctness of determining the height and diameter of the flue duct.

The chimney draft is calculated according to the following formula:

To determine the indicator, you need to know:

• C - coefficient, which for calculation household systems is taken equal to 0.0342;
• a is atmospheric pressure. For calculation, it is assumed to be 4Pa (natural pressure of gases in the flue duct);
• h - the height of the chimney channel, calculated earlier;
• Т0 is the ambient temperature;
• Ti is the temperature of the outgoing gases.

To determine the draft of a domestic chimney, this formula is used extremely rarely, since it is very complicated for a simple layman. In the following, the example will describe more easy way calculation of this parameter.

Furnace calculation example

As an example, let's calculate the parameters of a chimney for a wood-burning stove. On average, about 10 kg of firewood burns in an oven in 1 hour, the moisture content of which in most cases is 25%.

The calculation of the chimney for the boiler, furnace in this case is as follows:

1. transfer of temperature, which at the inlet is 150 C;

1. volume of outgoing gas;

1. square of pipe diameter;

1. flue pipe diameter.

The thrust is calculated in the following order:

1. power of our heating equipment;

1. heat loss that occurs with each meter of pipe. The parameter is specified in degrees;

1. outlet smoke temperature (the parameter fully complies with the standards and the value taken in the calculation);

1. the pressure of gases in the pipe (the obtained thrust indicator is in the range of requirements).

Thus, with a pipe diameter of 0.165 m and a chimney channel height of 5 m, the draft in metal pipe from a wood-burning stove will be within the normal range.

Ideally, the parameters of the smoke exhaust duct should be determined by professionals, but, having initial skills, knowing the necessary formulas and characteristics of the heating equipment used, the required parameters can be calculated on your own. The main thing is to count carefully, without rushing or being distracted, since the slightest mistake can lead to the malfunction of the entire system.

I am sure that many of you, having found a ready-made drawing-order of a stove or fireplace on the Internet or a methodological manual or a training course, asked yourself whether the author and his scheme can be trusted. We experienced stove-makers know most of the secrets successful work stoves and fireplaces after a visual study of the diagram. Such parameters include, for example, the number of smoke revolutions and ceramic bricks in the furnace, the area of ​​​​its heated surface, and much more. In this article, I will describe in detail how you can check whether the proportions of the fireplace portal area, chimney and its length match. Remember no matter how beautiful it looks if you do not know its author well, be sure to check this parameter.

Swedish formula for calculating the section of a chimney

So for clarity, let's take 3 examples of a fireplace standard design with direct smoke channel:

1. the size of the fireplace portal is 3 bricks wide and 8 rows high (78x58cm);
2. in the second fireplace, we take the dimensions of the portal 90x40 cm, the pipe section is the same 25.8x12.8 cm.
3. third (correct) fireplace) we take the example published on our website the size of the portal is 3 bricks wide and 5 rows high (77x35 cm) with a pipe section of 1 brick 26x13 cm.

The same for the second fireplace: F = 90x40 = 3740 cm, pipe area f = 25.8x12.8 = 335 cm. Further by dividing, we obtain the desired coefficient f / F * 100: 335/3740 * 100 = 9%.

In the case of the third fireplace: F = 77x35 = 2695 cm, pipe area f = 26x13 = 338 cm. Further by dividing, we obtain the desired coefficient f / F * 100: 335/3740 * 100 = 12.5%.

Ready-made coefficients are inserted into the chart:

Where horizontally we insert the resulting coefficient of the ratio of the cross section of the pipe area to the area of ​​​​the fireplace portal, and vertically the height of the chimney in meters.

As a result, we see that:

1. The first fireplace does not fall within the scope of the chimney, the lower limit of which for non-metal pipes is approximately 8.2%. For the owner of this fireplace, this will mean complete unsuitability - the chimney draft will not be enough to pull all the flue gases into the chimney and the room will smoke. The solution in such a situation, if the fireplace is already complicated, is only to reduce the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe portal of the fireplace, you yourself understand from an aesthetic point of view it will look extremely unsightly. If the fireplace is still in the project, it is necessary to increase the area of ​​the pipe, changing the height of the pipe with such dimensions will not bring the desired result.
2. In the second case, with a coefficient of 9%, the thrust will be stable at a pipe height of 14 meters, because we made our channel rectangular 25x12 cm, 12.5 meters if the pipe section was square and 9 meters with a round metal or asbestos pipe. As you already understood, this option is also not suitable for everyone, since pipes of 14 meters are applicable only to Buckingham Palace.
3. In the case of a 3 fireplace at 12.5%, as you can see from the diagram, a pipe with a length of 5 meters or more will be sufficient, which is what we needed.

I hope my article will be useful for you and you will learn how to determine the design of the fireplace yourself, but besides this, you definitely need to know how to lay out a brick chimney how much the pipe should protrude from the roof relative to the ridge and wind rose, how to protect the pipe from condensate and destruction, how the fireproof cutting between the ceiling and the pipe is performed, all this is published in this article:

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From optimal size the cross section and height of the chimney depends on the efficiency and productivity of the furnace. The rules of SNiP and several calculation options will help you choose the right size for a wood-burning stove in the house.

Why do you need to know the diameter?

Beginners do not understand how important the cross section of the chimney for the furnace is and why it is so important to correctly calculate not only the internal size, but also the height of the pipe. When developing individual project for autonomous system residential or production premises, the level of traction and the performance of the unit depend on the accuracy of the data.

Inexperienced builders can make a pipe with a large or insufficient section. In any such option, the operation of the heater is disrupted, and you are simply throwing money away. For optimal performance home heating systems, it is important to make an accurate calculation and familiarize yourself with the recommendations normative documents.

Important! Contra Fire safety home, work productivity, comfortable temperature– the solution of all these issues depends on the correct determination of the dimensions and length of the chimney.

What should be the diameter of the chimney for the furnace?

The size chimney can be calculated in several ways. The simplest is to determine the cross section of the chimney depending on the size of the combustion chamber. Consumption solid fuel is determined by this characteristic, and based on these data, it is possible to determine the volume of exhaust gases.

If you have open view firebox and chimney made of steel round pipe- these values ​​\u200b\u200bshould be in the proportion of 10 to 1. For example, the dimensions of the combustion chamber are 50/40. Such a furnace should be equipped with a chimney with a cross section of 180 mm.

If we make a pipe from brick, it inner size should exceed the size of the ash pan door or blower one and a half times. Minimum size square cavity for removal of gases - 140/140 mm.

Payment Methods

Exact method + formula

Calculate the chimney for the stove, not for beginners. It is better to entrust such work to professionals. But if you decide to calculate this parameter yourself, you will need knowledge of basic data and several formulas:

• B is the coefficient of the combustion rate of solid fuel. This value is determined based on the data in table No. 10 of GOST 2127;
• V is the level of the volume of fuel burned. This value is indicated on the tag of the industrial device;
• T - the level of heating of exhaust gases at the point of exit from the chimney. For wood stoves — 1500.

1. The total area of ​​the chimney. It is calculated based on the ratio of the volumes of gases, this value is denoted by "Vr" and the speed of their movement in the pipeline. For a wood-burning household stove, this number is 2 m / s.
2. The diameter of a round pipe is calculated by the formula - d² \u003d (4 * Vr) / (π * W), where W is the speed of gas advance. All calculations are best done on a calculator and carefully enter all the values.

Calculate the optimal amount of thrust

This operation is performed to control the calculations optimal height and sections of the chimney. Such a calculation can be carried out using 2 formulas. We will give a basic but complex one in this chapter, and we will give a basic, simple formula when performing a trial data calculation:

• C is a constant coefficient equal to 0.034 for wood-burning stoves;
• letter "a" - the value of atmospheric pressure. The value of natural pressure in the chimney - 4 Pa;
• the height of the chimney is indicated by the letter "h".
• Т0 is the average level of atmospheric temperatures;
• Ti - the value of heating of the exhaust gases when they exit the pipe.

An example of calculating the cross section of a chimney

We take as a basis:

• the potbelly stove runs on solid fuel;
• within 60 minutes, up to 10 kg of hardwood firewood burns in the oven;
• fuel moisture level - up to 25%.

Here is the basic formula again:

We carry out the calculation in several stages:

1. We perform the action in brackets - 1 + 150/273. After calculations, we get the number 1.55.
2. We determine the cubic capacity of the outgoing gases - Vr \u003d (10 * 10 * 1.55) / 3600. After calculations, we obtain a volume equal to 0.043 m 3 / sec.
3. The area of ​​the chimney pipe is (4 * 0.043) / 3.14 * 2. The calculation gives a value - 0.027 m 2.
4. We take Square root from the area of ​​​​the chimney and calculate its diameter. It is equal to 165 mm.

Now we determine the thrust value using a simple formula:

1. According to the power calculation formula, we calculate this value - 10 * 3300 * 1.16. this value is - 32.28 kW.
2. We calculate the level of heat loss per meter of pipe. 0.34*0.196=1.730.
3. The level of gas heating at the exit from the pipe. 150-(1.73*3)=144.80.
4. Atmosphere pressure gas in the chimney. 3*(1.2932-0.8452)=1.34 m/sec.

Important! Using the data of your furnace, you can independently perform the calculation, but for safety, it is better to consult with specialists. The safety of your home and the efficiency of the operation of heating devices depend on the correct calculation.

Swedish calculation method

The size of the chimney for the stove can also be done using this method, but the main purpose of the Swedish method is to calculate the chimneys of fireplaces with an open firebox.

In this method, the size of the combustion chamber and the volume of air in it are not used for calculation. To determine the correctness of the calculation, a graph is used:

Here it is important to match the ratio of the area of ​​​​the combustion chamber ("F") and the opening of the flue pipe ("f"). For example:

• furnace dimensions 770/350 mm. We calculate the area of ​​​​the compartment - 7.7 * 3.5 \u003d 26.95 cm 2;
• chimney size 260/130 mm, pipe area - 2.6 * 1.3 = 3.38 m 2;
• calculate the ratio. (338/2695)*100=12.5%.
• look at the bottom of the table the value 12.5 and see that the calculation of the length and diameter is correct. For our furnace it is necessary to build a chimney, 5 m high.

Let's look at another calculation example:

• firebox 800/500 mm, its area - 40 cm 2;
• chimney cross section 200/200 mm, area equal to 4 cm 2;
• we calculate the ratio (400/4000)*100=10%.
• according to the table we determine the length of the chimney. In our case, for a round sandwich pipe, it should be 7 m.

What to do if the cross section of the chimney is square?

Cylindrical chimneys, especially after the appearance of sandwich pipes, are the most common types of devices. But during construction brick oven you have to lay out a square or rectangular shape.

In such chimneys, turbulences are formed that prevent the normal passage of exhaust gases and reduce draft. But for wood stoves or fireplaces - rectangular pipes remain the most sought-after form. These devices do not require elevated level exhaust gases.

The calculation of the chimney for a wood-burning stove with a square or rectangular section is made taking into account the ratio of the dimensions of the pipe to the size of the blower hole on the stove. This proportion is 1 / 1.5, where 1 is the internal section of the pipeline, and 1.5 is the dimensions of the blower or ash pan.

What should be the height of the chimney pipe for the stove?

The calculation of this parameter allows you to avoid the occurrence of reverse thrust and other possible troubles. This issue is regulated by the rules of SNiP and other documents.

Why is this parameter needed?

In order to understand the importance of this factor, let's take a closer look at several physical laws and the consequences of improperly made chimneys. When heated gases pass through, the temperature decreases, but warm air or gases always rise up.

At the outlet of the pipe, the temperature decreases even more. Exhaust gases located in a pipeline with a reliable layer of thermal insulation have high temperature and a column of heated smoke, rising up, increases the draft in the furnace.

Let's analyze the situation - we reduce the internal section of the pipe and increase the height of the pipe above the roof ridge. If you think that the volume of heated gas increases, the cooling time of the smoke increases and the thrust increases - this statement is only half true. Traction will be excellent, even with a large excess. Firewood will burn quickly and the cost of buying fuel will increase.

An excessive increase in the height of the chimney can cause an increase in aerodynamic turbulence and a decrease in the draft level. This is fraught with the occurrence of reverse thrust and the release of smoke into the living quarters.

SNiP requirements

The length of exhaust gas exhaust pipelines is regulated by the requirements of SNiP 2.04.05. the rules prescribe to observe several basic installation rules:

• the minimum distance from the grate in the furnace to the protective canopy on the roof is 5000 mm. Height above the flat roof covering level 500 mm;
• the height of the pipe above the roof slope or ridge should be as recommended. We will talk about this in a separate chapter;
• if there are buildings on a flat roof, the pipe should be higher. In this case, at high altitude pipes, it is unfastened with wire or cable extensions;
• if the building is equipped with a ventilation system, their height should not exceed the cap of the flue gas outlet pipe.

Self-calculation technique

How to independently calculate the height of the smoke channel, for this you will need to perform the calculation according to the formula:

• "A" - climatic and weather in this region. For the north, this coefficient is 160. You can find the value in other areas on the Internet;
• "Mi" - the mass of gases passing through the chimney in a certain time. This value can be found in the documentation of your heater;
• "F" is the settling time of ash and other waste on the walls of the chimney. For wood stoves, the coefficient is 25, for electrical units - 1;
• "Spdki", "Sfi" - the level of concentration of substances in the exhaust gas;
• "V" - the level of the volume of exhaust gases;
• "T" - the temperature difference between the air entering from the atmosphere and the exhaust gases.

It makes no sense to give a trial calculation - the coefficients and other values ​​\u200b\u200bare not suitable for your unit, and the extraction square roots will require you to download an engineering calculator.

Table "Height of the chimney above the ridge"

The table of the height of the chimney above the roof structure will help determine the dimensions of the pipes without carrying out complex calculations. First, we will analyze the selection of the length of the pipe for flat roofs.

Conclusion

By performing a calculation or determining the size according to the table, you will not only protect your home from fires, but also significantly save on fuel. The main thing is to carefully and responsibly carry out the installation and comfort and coziness in the house will be provided.

Many owners of private houses dream of a fireplace - this personification of a special comfort, conducive to a calm comfortable rest in winter cold. It is quite possible to realize such a dream - to purchase a ready-made factory-made fireplace, or to lay down a “classic” brick structure.

If purchased ready product, then no special problems are foreseen - the manufacturer has already provided for the dimensions of the device itself and the diameter of the chimney pipe required for it to the smallest detail. With brick fireplace everything is somewhat more complicated, especially if the owner himself decided to take on its design. A lot of dimensional nuances should be taken into account, and one of them is the optimal section of the chimney channel, on which both the efficiency of the fireplace and the safety of its operation depend. To help with this question, the calculator for calculating the section of the chimney of the fireplace, located below, can help.

In the second subsection of the publication, several necessary explanations for the calculations will be given.

Proper chimney installation necessary condition for the normal functioning of the fireplace, stove or boiler. This article indicates the basic installation rules and calculation principles used in the design and installation of chimneys.

Desire to build a house on their own arises, as a rule, because of the need to save material resources, because the services of specialized enterprises are not cheap. However, the construction of a chimney requires a special approach: one cannot do without the use of special knowledge in this matter. Therefore, let us recall the basic rules for creating effective smoke exhaust systems and the importance of observing them.

Chimney installation rules: what should be the right chimney

Fuel consumption, the amount of heat energy loss, fire safety and air quality in the heated room depend on how well the chimney functions. Therefore, its design and installation must be carried out in accordance with SNiP "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning", DBN V.2.5-20-2001 Appendix G "Removal of combustion products" and other regulatory documents. Let's talk about what should be a properly designed and installed chimney- these are the basic rules for its creation.

The material from which it is made has a great influence on the characteristics of the channel for the removal of combustion products. In new buildings, as a rule, pipes made of acid-resistant stainless steel containing molybdenum are installed. But for stoves and fireplaces that run on wood and coal, ceramic bricks are also quite suitable.

It is preferable that the cross-section of the chimney be a regular circle: this shape creates the least resistance to the outgoing smoke. The height and cross section of the chimney is calculated in accordance with building codes, this will be discussed in more detail later.

Important the right approach to the horizontal sections of the channel: they should not be longer than 1 m, otherwise soot will be deposited and the draft will weaken.

Connection heating unit to the chimney pipe, it is often necessary to carry out when the diameters in the connection area do not match. To solve the problem, a reduction adapter is used. All joints are carefully sealed.

Docking of pipes is carried out in such a way that their expansions are directed upwards. Thanks to this, condensate and resins will not be able to flow out through outer wall pipes.

A brick chimney is erected according to the project: the laying order must be prescribed for each layer. In this case, one should strive to obtain an inner surface with a minimum of roughness and achieve complete tightness.

Old brick chimney can be used with new gas boiler only after the sleeve is completed: an acid-resistant steel pipe is inserted into the middle of the channel, leaving a small gap.

Most flue systems should be provided with revisions for cleaning.

Thermal insulation of external pipes is mandatory: this will not only get rid of condensate, but will contribute to the fastest heating of the pipe.

When the channel passes through the floors, it is necessary to take measures to isolate the heated parts from combustible materials.

The outer part of the pipe is securely fixed and protected from the wind. The upper part is closed from atmospheric precipitation with weather vanes or deflectors. The exception is gas equipment: in this case setting protective cap is a violation.

What is the wrong chimney

Correcting the mistakes made during the construction of the chimney is very difficult and expensive, and sometimes even impossible without dismantling the old system. Here are examples of the most common mistakes and their consequences:

1. The use of materials not intended for the construction of chimneys. So, for gas boilers, the use of bricks is unacceptable: the acid contained in the combustion products will destroy it within a few years. Also cannot be applied asbestos-cement pipes: when heated, they are destroyed. Plastic also does not withstand high temperatures.
2. Errors in choosing the diameter of the pipe and calculating the height of the chimney threaten the absence of normal draft and low system efficiency.
3. Excessive loads on the base of the chimney can cause its destruction.
4. Poor thermal insulation is the cause of condensation and ignition of closely spaced materials.

Chimney height: depending on the angle of the roof and the distance to the ridge

For changing ceramic brick, previously used for the construction of chimney pipes, systems from other materials are increasingly coming. The most commonly used steel pipes: uninsulated and insulated. In this case, the option without insulation can only be used for internal installation- in a specially constructed mine. outdoor installation pipes require mandatory insulation, otherwise the formation of condensate on the internal surfaces is inevitable.

In order to determine the height of the chimney for an industrially manufactured boiler, you should use the formula: h(m) = (∆p ⋅ Tp ⋅ Tn) / (3459 ⋅ (Tp - 1.1 ⋅ Tn)), where ∆p(Pa) - static thrust, Tr — average temperature in the middle of the pipe (in Kelvin), Tn is the average outside air temperature. The temperature in the pipe (Tr) can be found on the basis of measurements at the outlet of the boiler and is indicated by the manufacturer in technical passport heating equipment. This takes into account natural cooling for each meter of the chimney: in brick - 1 degree, in insulated steel - 2 degrees, in steel without insulation - 5 degrees. Temperature outside (Tn) should be summer: at this time, the thrust will always be weaker than in winter.

However, the results of calculating the height of the chimney in some cases need to be adjusted, but only upwards. The fact is that the house itself is sometimes higher than the obtained value of the height of the chimney. In this case, the following rule applies:

• the chimney, located at a distance of up to 1.5 m from the ridge, must be at least 0.5 m higher than it;
• if it is located within 1.5-3.0 m from the ridge, then its top should not be lower than the ridge;
• at large distances from the chimney outlet to the ridge, the height of the pipe is chosen so that it is not lower than the line drawn from the top of the house down at an angle of 10 degrees.

Chimney height above roof

For solid fuel and gas boilers, the height of the chimney must be at least 5 m: usually, manufacturers indicate this parameter in the accompanying documentation. It should be remembered that a high pipe should be fixed additionally - with the help of stretch marks.

But that's not all: if there is another, more high building, then the chimney must be brought out above the roof of the neighboring building.

Cross-sectional area

The value of this parameter can be calculated by knowing the height of the chimney h(m) and heat load burners according to the formula: S = (K ⋅ Q) / (4.19 ⋅ √h), where To is an empirical coefficient numerically equal to 0.02-0.03, and Q(kJ / h) - the performance of the device indicated in the passport, h(m) is the height of the chimney.

If it is easier to act, without formulas, then the following values ​​\u200b\u200bare taken as a basis for the cross section of the smoke duct, made of bricks (the cross section of round channels should be exactly the same area):

• for a unit with a power of up to 3.5 kW - 140 × 140 mm;
• for power from 3.5 to 5.2 kW - 140 × 200 mm;
• for power from 5.2 to 7.2 kW - 140 × 270 mm.

A significant excess of the calculated value leads to a deterioration in traction and, as a result, to unstable operation of the heating equipment. A smaller diameter threatens with poor removal of carbon monoxide and other combustion products, and even with a complete cessation of this process.

Additional requirements for chimneys for stoves, fireplaces, solid fuel, gas boilers and gas water heaters

Some rules, not mentioned earlier, that should be observed:

• application solid fuel stove requires mandatory compensation exhaust ventilation with the help of the supply;
• chimney channels can be located in the outer walls if they are built from non-combustible materials, but it should be provided with insulation from the outside to prevent the formation of condensate;
• for each furnace (if they are located on different floors), a separate pipe is provided, but it is allowed to use one pipe for two furnaces located on the same floor: at the joints of the pipes, cuts are installed with a height of 1 m or more and a thickness of 12 cm;
• smoke channels bricks should be built with pockets for cleaning, which are closed with bricks laid on the edge and smeared with clay mortar (doors can be installed);
• if necessary, pipe deviations from the vertical at an angle of up to 30 ° and a section length of not more than 1 m are allowed, while the channel cross section must be the same;
• if the roof is made of combustible materials, a mesh spark arrester is installed in the upper part of the chimney;
• between chimneys made of brick or heat-resistant concrete and roofing parts made of combustible materials should be equal to or more than 130 mm, for ceramic non-insulated pipes - 250 mm, for them with insulation - 130 mm;
• the top of the chimney for the fireplace is protected with a weather vane or fungus;
• two devices operating on gas may be connected to a common channel for the removal of combustion products, if these devices are located no further than 750 mm from each other;
• the cross-sectional area of ​​the chimney connected to the gas appliance must not be less than the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas outlet pipe of the appliance itself, while top part pipes are not covered with a visor.

Information from regulatory documents establishing the rules for the design and installation of chimneys

Frost-resistant clay bricks are suitable for laying chimneys. Build channels from cinder concrete and other similar materials is strictly prohibited.

To join gas appliances chimneys are suitable for connecting pipes made of galvanized or roofing steel 1 mm thick or more. You can also use flexible corrugated metal pipes that are supplied with the equipment. At the same time, it is important that connecting pipe had a vertical section, the length of which from the lower level of the branch pipe to the axis of the horizontal section of the channel should not be less than 0.5 m. If the ceiling height is less than 2.7 m, this distance may be halved - for equipment equipped with draft stabilizers and up to 0.15 m - for devices without stabilizers. The total length of horizontal sections in new buildings should not be more than 3 m, for old buildings 6 m is allowed. A slight slope of the pipe towards the heating device must be observed.

Flue ducts should not have more than three turns, while the radius of curvature should be equal to the diameter of the pipe. It is forbidden to lay a chimney through residential premises.

How to take care of your chimney

If the deposit thickness is inner surface pipe exceeds 2 mm - it's time to start cleaning. You can get rid of dense contaminants with a scraper and a stiff brush with a long folding handle: as you move deeper into the canal (work starts from above), the length of the handle is increased.

The furnace hole must be closed from below: this will prevent soot from entering the room. In addition, it is advisable to cover the furniture with a film, lock the doors and windows. During operation, you can use chemical detergents, for example, "miracle logs", which emit a special non-toxic gas during combustion, from which soot lags behind the surface of the pipe.

There are also effective folk remedies. For example, it is sometimes recommended to heat the stove with aspen wood: in this case, a high flame is formed, which burns deposits on the walls of the pipe. But do it carefully: a large number of soot can cause a fire. You can also burn potato skins: the steam that is generated is effective tool against soot deposits.

Conclusion

The requirements set forth in the article are binding. Otherwise, the chimney will be inefficient and even dangerous. This information will serve as a useful reminder for those who already have some experience with chimneys. For those who do not own it, the material of the article should convince of the need for a serious attitude to the details of the process of creating a chimney. Do not overestimate your capabilities: in order to avoid annoying mistakes, you should seek the help of professionals.

Dmitry Portyanoy, rmnt.ru