Do-it-yourself equipment for blocks. Various DIY building blocks. Methods for the manufacture of cinder blocks

Many people ask the question: “Is it possible to make a cinder block at home?”. This is real, especially since making cinder blocks with your own hands does not require special skills and costs.

What is a cinder block?

cinder block is construction material, which is made from cement, slag and sand, which are mixed with water in certain proportions. They have high strength, as well as high heat and sound insulation. They are in high demand among self-builders, as they are cheap, they are quick and easy to lay, and, most importantly, they can be made independently.

It turns out warm and durable, which caused the love of a simple man in the street for them. It is also worth noting the low cost of this material from suppliers, as well as the cheapness of self-production.

Independent production of blocks is quite widely used in the construction of outbuildings and. This is due to the fact that people who make them for the first time on their own are afraid to immediately build a house out of them and, as a test, build more simple building, where any defects and shortcomings will not be so important.

Most people who have tried making cinder blocks themselves are unlikely to ever buy one, as it is very simple.

Another advantage of cinder blocks is their large size, which significantly increases the speed of construction and reduces the cost of mortar during masonry.

How to make cinder blocks yourself?

Today, self-manufacturing of cinder block has become very common. This allows you to reduce the cost of construction by almost half. The equipment that needs to be purchased for their production can later be reused or sold as unnecessary.

In order to make cinder blocks at home, you will need: slag, sand, cement, water and a vibrocompression unit.

There are no exact proportions of ingredients. So, even with factory production, different manufacturers use their own ratio.

You can also make a vibropress for cinder blocks yourself. To do this, you will need to build a mold for one or several blocks at once and fix a vibrating element with a high frequency and vibration power to it.

Can be made from wood or galvanized metal. You can form holes in the blocks with special cylinders that are fixed in the mold, or with bottles with a straight round body. These holes are required to provide insulation and reduce weight. Their presence in no way affects the strength of the cinder block.

Foreman's advice: it is more advisable to make a mold from wood. It is more durable, creates less noise during operation and, due to the rough structure, polishes the block during vibration. It is also easier to construct with right angles, rather than a metal mold, and it is easier to remove residual materials from it, which will prevent the formation of defects on your cinder blocks.

Having prepared the mixture for the blocks, it must be put into the mold, and with a small margin, since during the operation of the installation, the material will be pressed and shrinkage. Due to vibration, huge pressure will be exerted on the material, which will ensure tight pressing and removal of air bubbles from the body of the future block.

Then you need to dry the blocks, but you should not do it on open sun, as drying too quickly can cause unnecessary brittleness. This is best done in a room with through ventilation, but if this is not available, then a garage or shed may be suitable. Another important requirement is that flat surface on which the cinder blocks will dry. If the floor is uneven, this can lead to deformation of the blocks, which will greatly complicate the construction process and, possibly, require additional costs for finishing work.

Home-made cinder blocks are in no way inferior to factory ones, and sometimes even have greater strength, which will depend on the recipe.

Making cinder blocks with your own hands is a fairly simple process that does not require expensive equipment and any special materials and knowledge. All you need is a vibroform you can design yourself, water, sand, cement and slag. A certain number of people who themselves produced blocks for their own construction begin to produce them for sale, because this is also enough profitable business, which can bring you good money. At minimal cost and effort you can forge pretty big production cinder blocks.

Video

Building blocks are a common building material for various purposes. They differ in size, constituent components, manufacturing method, but all are in demand wall structural material. Building blocks are made in industrial environment, V household also make concrete products and cinder blocks, which requires a DIY building block machine. According to the material of manufacture, these products are divided into the following types:

• cinder concrete;
• concrete;
• aerated concrete;
• fiber foam concrete;
• polystyrene concrete.

Cinder blocks as a building material

Cinder block refers to standard concrete products, only instead of heavy gravel and crushed stone, an aggregate in the form of waste slag is used. Such a replacement gives the material lightness compared to concrete and additional thermal insulation properties, since slag compares favorably with heavy and dense crushed stone in terms of thermal conductivity.

The production of cinder blocks provides for the exact dosage of components in the solution, namely:

• cement grade not lower than 400 or 500, one part (bucket) is taken;
• quarry sand, 3 parts (buckets) are kneaded;
• slag, burnt brick, expanded clay, this material is added in the amount of 5 parts (buckets);
• water.

To obtain cinder blocks of the same quality as in the factory, a solution of medium viscous consistency is used. liquid solution will reduce the strength of the blocks, and a thick one will create uncontrolled voids inside when solidified.

concrete blocks

Building blocks made of cement, sand and gravel are used for the construction of wall and other structures, if required. increased strength. The ratio of components for standard concrete is taken in a ratio of 1:3:6, other options for the concrete mixture are described in the builder's reference books and depend on the brand of cement used, the size of the aggregate and the type of sand.

Construction sawdust blocks

For the construction of residential buildings, cottages, cottages, light and warm wall material is used from sawdust, sand and water. The binder in the solution is lime. The amount of material added to the solution changes the properties of the final product. An increase in the mass of sawdust leads to an increase in thermal insulation properties, but contributes to a decrease in strength. With an increase in the amount of sand in the solution, an increase in strength occurs, while the frost resistance limit increases, which increases operational properties material. Blocks are widely used in private housing construction as cladding for insulation of structures.

The main advantages of the blocks are the availability of materials and low price, long service life without destruction, environmental friendliness of the material, ease of production. A do-it-yourself building block plant is available to manufacture and is popular among home craftsmen. Sawdust concrete is characterized by an increased drying time, so several through holes are made inside the product to improve air intake.

The dimensions of sawdust blocks are not strictly regulated, their width is taken as a multiple of the wall thickness. If we talk about standard sizes, then the blocks are made according to the double thickness of the brick (140 mm - 65x2 + 10 cm). In the manufacture of sawdust stones, dry components are first mixed, then water is added, mortar mixers are used for work.

Aerated concrete building blocks

Their preparation includes difficult process saturation of the solution with gases, which is difficult to reproduce at home. Aerated concrete building blocks are distinguished by their lightness, high soundproofing, thermal insulation properties.

Fiber foam concrete products for masonry

Fiber foam concrete is essentially an environmentally friendly wall material containing sand, foam and cement. High-tech machines for building blocks spray foam in the mass of the solution, it forms uniform closed particles of space. To increase the strength of the blocks, manufacturers apply polyamide fiber reinforcement throughout the mass. Such wall material is very durable, does not rot, light and durable.

Blocks of their fiber foam concrete are produced in various sizes. For bearing walls use 20x30x60 cm, which weighs 22 kg. To build a brick wall of the same size, 18 stones will be required, they will weigh 72 kg. Blocks of smaller thickness (10 cm) are used in the construction of walls inside the building, partitions, they are used to insulate ceilings and walls. The thermal conductivity of fiber foam concrete is 2.7 times less than that of brick and 2 times less than that of slag concrete and shell rock.

Large block sizes reduce application cement-sand mortar for masonry 20 times compared with the construction of a wall of small stones. Fiber foam concrete does not burn, when exposed to high temperatures does not change shape and does not highlight harmful impurities when heated.

Polystyrene concrete blocks

The material belongs to the next variety of lightweight wall concrete blocks. It differs from standard concrete in the best operational qualities and reducing production costs. The innovative wall material surpasses all known lightweight concretes in terms of weight, even foam concrete is one and a half times heavier than it. Thanks to this indicator, houses are built without the usual massive foundation, and the cost of transporting material is reduced.

The production of styrofoam blocks involves the careful mixing of cement, sand, styrofoam particles and special additives to hold air in the mass. Other physical characteristics material put it a step above the usual materials. Low water absorption and vapor permeability make expanded polystyrene concrete resistant to repeated freezing and thawing, which affects the durability of the structures being constructed. After the construction of walls from standard materials, a slight shrinkage occurs during the year. In the case of polystyrene blocks, such a time is not expected.

Installation for the production of building blocks with your own hands

For the manufacture of building structures apply special device operating on the principle of a vibration processor.

Such a vibrating machine or a vibrating table is designed independently. A do-it-yourself installation for the production of building blocks significantly reduces the cost of the blocks, respectively, and the walls of the house.

Solution preparation

The solution is prepared from sand, cement, water and aggregate, which are used as various materials, as written above. To check the consistency of the solution for fluidity, a small amount is thrown onto the ground. Quality mix does not spread in watery streams, when clenched in a fist, it sticks together into a lump.

The production of cinder blocks involves a thorough cleaning of slag from foreign debris; chips and unburned parts of coal are not allowed to enter the solution. Sometimes gypsum is added to the solution. In this case, three parts of slag and one part of gypsum are mixed, water is simultaneously introduced. This mortar is quickly used as the plaster hardens in minutes. Pre-slag before kneading is soaked with water. To improve the quality of products at the outlet, modern plasticizer additives are added to the solution. Their action increases frost resistance, water resistance and mechanical strength blocks.

Depending on the purpose, two types of concrete blocks are made - solid and hollow. The former are used for building durable structures, load-bearing walls, foundations. The second type of blocks is used as a partition material, it isolates well from cold and extraneous sounds.

Production of concrete blocks without a vibrating table

Of the two technologies, the use wooden form, which is intended for the natural spreading of the solution without vibration, is in constant demand. The placement of the solution in the prepared form is carried out in several stages. First, the container is filled with a third of the solution, after which the walls of the mold are carefully tapped around the perimeter with a hammer for high-quality shrinkage of the concrete solution. In the next two stages, the solution is poured according to the original technology until the mold is filled. The manufacture of building blocks with voids involves a technique when two plastic bottles of water are inserted into the uncured solution, which, after setting, are removed.

Forms are left for 2-5 days to dry. Then the blocks are carefully removed from the collapsible structure and laid out on pallets until completely dry. with this method of production, it is not required to purchase.

Of the tools and fixtures you will need: a sieve for sifting sand, molds for mortar, a trough for mixing or a concrete mixer, a hammer for tapping, a bucket, a shovel, a trowel, drying trays.

Method for making blocks using a vibrating machine

To do this, purchased or manufactured independently vibrating machine for cinder blocks. special shape from metal is installed on the plane of the machine, and concrete mix with filler from slag is poured into it by one third. After that, the vibrating table is connected to the action for up to 20 seconds, which allows you to remove all unnecessary air bubbles from the solution, and the cement will get good shrinkage. The solution is poured into the mold three times. Blocks are removed from the mold in the same way as in the non-vibration manufacturing method.

The cinder block does not tolerate overdrying in hot weather in the open rays of the sun, so on hot days it is sprinkled with water and covered with oilcloth or cellophane so that moisture does not evaporate so actively. Formed, completely dried concrete blocks gain 100% strength on the 28th day, and after that they are ready for use in construction.

Features of the manufacture of cinder blocks

Forms are made independently, using metal or wood for this, boards take at least 190-200 mm in width. They are combined into a prefabricated structure, the side parts of which are detached to remove the finished block. IN general design no more than 6 cells are combined for laying concrete. Finished construction set on a dense waterproof material, such as oilcloth, forming the bottom of the form.

If wood is chosen as the material for the mold, then it is pre-treated with impregnations or primers to increase moisture resistance. Forms are made from dry wood. These conditions are met, otherwise, in the process of work, the tree will lead away from the water, and the geometric size of the block will change. standard sizes stones are considered 400x200x200 mm, but each private manufacturer makes blocks for his own construction.

For metal matrices, sheets with a thickness of no more than 3-4 mm are taken. When welding the structure, all welds are made from the outside so as not to round the corners of the block. The voids inside the cinder block are made using segments metal pipes suitable diameter, for example 80 mm. The distance between the pipes and the distance from the walls are controlled, the composition is welded with strips for rigidity and fixation.

If equipment is being made for the production of building blocks, then when attaching the vibrator to the table, after tightening the nuts, they are still slightly welded by welding. The motor must be closed protective cover from any material from splashes of solution, water, dust.

Production technology of sawdust concrete blocks

Available materials are not pre-processed, and you can buy them at any hardware store, therefore, the manufacture of blocks of sand, lime and sawdust is started immediately after purchase. To mix the mortar, a concrete mixer or mortar mixer is used, since manually mixing wood waste is difficult.

Dry sawdust, passed through a large sieve, is mixed with sand and cement. Lime or cooked clay dough is added to the solution. The resulting mixture is well mixed and only after that water is added, gradually pouring it in small portions. To determine the readiness of the solution, it is squeezed in the hand, after which fingerprints should remain on the lump, which indicates the correct proportions.

Before filling the forms with a solution, they are lined thin layer sawdust. Internal holes in the blocks are made using wooden corks about 70-80 mm in size, which are installed in the matrix before pouring the solution. The material of the building blocks is tightly packed into the mold using a special rammer. The container is filled to the top and left to dry for three days. After the end of this period, the solution gains about 40% of the prescribed strength.

The molds are dismantled, and the blocks are dried for another four days, after which the strength becomes 70% of the prescribed limit. Finished goods transferred to pallets and covered from direct sun rays. Drying of blocks is faster if gaps are left between the products during storage. It is advisable to place pallets in a draft or use a fan for forced airflow.

Sawdust concrete blocks gain 100% strength after drying for 3 months, but they can be used after a month of airing. At this time, their strength is 90%.

Machine tools and equipment

To make the number of blocks necessary for construction, they purchase a ready-made vibroforming machine. The TL-105 brand is distinguished by good performance. And although its power is only 0.55 kW, it produces about 150 concrete blocks with different aggregates per hour. His approximate cost on the market is approximately 42,800 rubles. Modern manufacturers machine tools produce many varieties of machines for the production of blocks with additional features. Prices for machine tools are different, and the cost of building blocks directly depends on this.

For small private construction, a 1IKS vibrating machine is suitable, it costs about 17,000 rubles, its power is only 0.15 kW, it produces such equipment 30 blocks per hour. When buying a machine, take into account the level of production of blocks for the needs of construction.

In conclusion, it should be noted that making building blocks with your own hands will save a lot of money on the production of products. The cost does not take into account wages that the employee is paid. Invoices are not added to the cost of the block and production costs, taxes and other deductions, therefore, make building material cheaper than a house.

This material has been known for a long time. It is attractive in that it provides the building with all the necessary qualities, including durability, and makes it possible to carry out work at low financial costs. But before you figure out how to make cinder blocks with your own hands, it is worth dwelling on their main characteristics and use.

Initially, the technology for the production of cinder blocks provided for the use of blast-furnace waste as a filler in the production concrete solutions. But over time, crushed granite, expanded clay, brick battle and some other materials began to be used as such. But the common name has remained - "cinder blocks".

Such wall stones(another name) can be ordinary and facial, empty or full-bodied. The choice depends on the place of their installation and operating conditions. The production technology is also different: casting, vibrocompression and a number of other methods. Moreover, the binder can be not only traditionally used cement, but also gypsum, lime, clay, as well as substances based on the same slags.

Product Features

1. The ability to manufacture cinder blocks on their own at home.

2. Diversity of methodology. In addition to autoclaving, the material can be dried either at ambient temperature or by steam treatment.

3. Minimum heat loss of the building.

4. Low cost and short construction time. Given the size of the blocks, the walls are built quickly. And if we take into account that the consumption of the solution is small, then less time is spent on its preparation.

5. By changing the proportions for the cinder block, it is possible to give the product certain qualities required at the place of application.

6. Receiving products of any size and shape, which greatly increases the usability and in many cases greatly facilitates installation.

But it is worth noting the existing shortcomings:

• From an environmental point of view, there are many questions. Especially for products containing blast-furnace slag;
• low indicators characterizing frost resistance;
• from the point of view of moisture absorption, the material needs enhanced protection;
• fragility. The cinder block is clearly not suitable for mounting the foundation. When erecting walls, the height and expected load should also be taken into account.

Application

• As a rule, for the construction of low-rise buildings for various purposes. There is an opinion that cinder blocks can also be used for building foundations if they contain cement of “high” grades. However, practitioners do not advise doing this and choosing a different material for the foundation of the house.
• As an additional insulation in frame structures.

According to reviews, you can prepare cinder blocks on your own, moreover, without having practical skills. The main thing is to follow the recommendations of professionals. Consider the method of manufacturing at home.

Instructions on how to make a cinder block yourself

1. Making a homemade cinder block machine. The easiest option is from smooth boards. A long box is knocked out of them, in which removable partitions are installed. They can be from any hard material: wood, plywood, metal, plastic. To fix them in the boards, grooves are cut at appropriate distances. The dimensions of the cells depend on the required dimensions of the products.

Form drawings for cinder blocks

In order to exclude the deformation of the box from moisture during the production process, all internal surfaces are stained.

The finished form must be placed on a solid, even base.

2. Slag preparation. It is necessary to mix its fractions of different sizes. Each of them gives certain properties to the final product. Large ones reduce heat loss, but at the same time reduce strength. Small ones are the opposite. Mixing allows you to get the "golden mean". Ratio: 3 parts small - 7 parts large. To do this, the raw material is sieved several times through sieves with different cells.

The slag is moistened 5-6 hours prior to the preparation of the composition. This will allow the grains of cement to form a better “bond” with the aggregate fractions.

3. Solution preparation. The proportion is 1 to 10 (cement - slag). The main thing is to mix thoroughly. It is necessary to foresee in advance in what volume of capacity it is to be prepared.

4. Filling the solution. If the block should be full-bodied, then the cells of the form are filled, a little short of the top level. The preparation of hollow products involves making rigid “inserts”, which, after excavation, will be left in the cavity block. You can use bottles, including plastic ones. But they must be filled with water and clogged. After 3-4 hours, the bottles are removed, and they need to be unscrewed so as not to “disturb” the whole mass.

Can be adjusted and industrial production at home. The form must have carrying handles, since after filling it with a solution, it is placed on a vibrating table. You can make it yourself, or you can buy it. But it will cost from 20,000 rubles or more, depending on the configuration. A vibrating sieve is also on sale - from 26,000 rubles.

Practical Tips

• The blocks prepared on the basis of cement have the greatest strength. In second place - from lime.
• To increase the strength of products, it is necessary to replace some of the small slag granules with sand.
• Mixing cement with lime (or clay) in a ratio of 3:1 will save money without sacrificing quality.
• Before pouring the solution, the insides of the mold are wiped to prevent the blocks from sticking to the bottom and walls. This is done with diesel fuel, used oil and the like. After removing the products, the mold is also cleaned and dried, and only then the manufacturing process is resumed.
• The thicker the solution, the faster it hardens. In this case, the proportion for him is 1:8.

Articles

Among the many concrete products on the market, cinder blocks stand out. They quickly gained popularity among private developers, thanks to a set of advantages. The increased dimensions and low weight of the products greatly facilitate the laying of walls. By making cinder blocks on your own, you can significantly reduce costs. Machine for the production of cinder blocks, designed for use in living conditions, can be made by yourself.

Cinder blocks - characteristics and purpose of the material

One of the reasons for the increased popularity of slag-filled concrete blocks is the low cost of the material. It is associated with the use in the production process of waste from metallurgical enterprises - slag.

Simultaneously with traditional components, Portland cement and river sand, various placeholders are used:

• brick fight;
• crushed stone screening;
• granite chips;
• various slags and ashes;
• expanded clay particles.

The use of cinder blocks in construction can reduce the cost of building walls several times

Technological process production is carried out in various ways:

• industrial method at specialized enterprises with the processing of products in drying chambers;
• at home from available raw materials, using independently assembled machine for making blocks.

On homemade equipment It is possible to produce various types of cinder-concrete products:

• full-bodied, with an increased margin of safety. They are used quite rarely, as they retain heat worse;
• hollow, characterized by high thermal insulation properties. To ensure strength, the volume of cavities should not exceed 1/3 of the total volume of the product.

Dimensions of products are determined by the size of the form. At self-manufacturing products, the size of the molding box can be any. However, many prefer standard dimensions, constituting 19x18.8x39 cm.

Increased volume cinder block can significantly reduce the duration various kinds construction work:

• erection of capital walls;
• construction of internal partitions.

It is perfect for the construction of utility buildings, sheds, storage facilities.

If you need to make a cinder block yourself, the machine allows you to quickly solve the problem. The resulting material has many advantages:

• high thermal insulation characteristics. Due to the reduced thermal conductivity, the material prevents heat loss;
• increased dimensions and low weight. This makes it easy to transport products and quickly build walls from them;
• resistance to the development of microorganisms. This is achieved due to the properties of the slag included in the structure of the block;
• low price. Do-it-yourself cinder block machine allows you to make products that are cheaper than purchased blocks.

The advantages also include the fact that slag-filled blocks can be easily machining, effectively absorb various noises, are not afraid of high temperatures.

The material also has weaknesses:

• low durability. The period of operation of cinder-block buildings is up to three decades;
• reduced margin of safety. The characteristics of the material allow the construction of buildings with a height of no more than two floors;
• the appearance of cracks under the influence of shear forces. During shrinkage, cracking occurs along the cinder block array.

To provide an attractive appearance buildings, the cinder block surface needs external cladding. Mentioned disadvantages do not stop developers who want to build an outbuilding or a small building in a limited time at low cost.

Use homemade cinder blocks can be a month after their manufacture

Choosing which machine to use for the manufacture of cinder blocks

After deciding on the manufacture of block products on their own, the problem arises of choosing a unit for their production. Many decide to make their own machine for the production of cinder blocks.

When deciding on a device, it is worth considering the following design options:

• a simplified device that provides the ability to manufacture block products at home;
• an improved unit, the design of which provides for a mechanism for tamping and extracting finished products.

Choice the best option carried out depending on the need and availability of funds.

Simplified cinder block machine with your own hands - drawings and recommendations

With a small need for material, there is no need to manufacture complex aggregate equipped with a vibration motor and special mechanisms. A simplified method allows the production of products in special molding boxes.

The technology provides for the following works:

1. Assembling molds and oiling the surface inside the box.
2. Pouring into collapsible containers of cinder block mortar.
3. Exposure for 5-6 hours until the composition sets.
4. Disassembly of the box and careful extraction.
5. Drying of manufactured products under a canopy or indoors.

To build this kind of machine, you should have the skills to work with welding machine and locksmith tools

The use of wooden or metal inserts, as well as glass containers, allows the production of hollow blocks. It is not difficult to make a simplified machine for cinder blocks with your own hands - it is a metal or wooden container, the size and shape of which correspond to the parameters of the product.

An improved machine for the production of cinder blocks with your own hands - drawings and device

For the manufacture of the upgraded unit, drawings will be required. You can study the existing machine for self-development of sketches. Before the beginning design work it is important to make sure that the device is working. It is advisable to manufacture complex equipment with an increased need for cinder blocks. In any case, when planning to assemble a professional cinder block machine with your own hands, you need to develop the drawings yourself or purchase ready-made ones.

In such a machine there are special mechanisms:

• ramming device. Compaction is carried out by a vibration motor. It is an engine with a power of up to 1.2 kW with a load placed eccentrically on the shaft. You can use a purchased vibration motor. As a result of vibration action, air pores are removed, and the material is evenly distributed over the mold box. The result of ramming is an increase in density and strength properties;
• lifting mechanism. It facilitates the removal of cinder blocks from mold boxes. You can always choose from a variety of designs suitable option. The simplest solution is a handle welded to the side surfaces of the container. U-shaped. By lifting the molding box by the handles, you can remove the hardened cinder block.

The size of the mold must correspond to the dimensions of the cinder block, exceeding its height by 50 mm. This will allow you to load an increased volume of the mixture, which, after compaction, will acquire the required dimensions.

To make a cinder block with your own hands, small-sized vibrating machines are used, which are capable of producing small batches. this material

We assemble a machine for the manufacture of cinder blocks with our own hands

Wanting to make homemade machine for a cinder block with your own hands, you need to draw or purchase ready-made sketches, as well as take care of the materials and tools necessary to complete the work.

Getting ready to assemble a machine for cinder blocks - preparation of materials and tools

The arsenal of home craftsmen usually has the required equipment and tools. Catalog necessary equipment and materials:

• electric welding device;
• grinder with a disk for cutting metal;
• a set of locksmith tools;
• vise;
• sheets of three-millimeter metal;
• cutting steel pipes;
• electric motor or ready-made vibrator;
• bolts, washers, nuts for fastening parts.

The amount of metal for the manufacture of the device is determined in accordance with the drawing or sketch, which shows all dimensions.

First of all, workpieces are cut from a sheet of metal 3 mm, work with a grinder should be done carefully

How to make a mold for a block machine with your own hands - drawings and assembly

In order to make a home-made machine for a cinder block with your own hands, drawings and diagrams will be required both for the molding box and for the unit itself. Let's start with the mold.

Make it according to the following algorithm:

1. Mark the contours of the details on metal sheet, cut the blanks to make the mold box.
2. Weld the shell of the future container, check the observance of right angles.
3. Cut off pieces of pipes with a grinder, the length of which corresponds to the height of the cinder block.
4. Make cuts along the axis from opposite sides of the pipes, give the blanks a conical configuration.
5. Weld them to the base of the box, connect them with a transverse jumper to increase rigidity.
6. Weld the base with conical inserts to the shell, fix the plugs on the end of the pipes.
7. Make two handles for moving the mold box, fix them on both sides of the structure.
8. Make the cover of the molding box, make holes in it that correspond to the dimensions of the technological inserts.
9. Fasten the stops inside the box at a level corresponding to the height of the block. They act as a stopper for the lid.

The use of a group molding box with increased dimensions will increase the productivity of the equipment, and the use of a collapsible casting mold will facilitate extraction.

Do-it-yourself drawing for making a machine

How to make a block making machine yourself

As a material for manufacturing, use the metal profile available in the household.

Sequencing:

1. Weld the sidewalls of the bed, connect them with jumpers.
2. Prepare a work platform and secure between the uprights.
3. Attach the vibration motor mounting studs to the platform.
4. Fix the eccentric balancer on the motor drive shaft.
5. Prime the surface of the metal, then cover with paint.
6. Connect the power cable to the motor and carry out a test run.

Having carefully studied the previously developed project and drawings, it is not difficult to make a machine for making cinder blocks with your own hands.

How to prepare a solution for a machine for the manufacture of cinder blocks

It is important to properly prepare the solution so that the cinder block made at home has the required properties. Necessary materials:

• coal ash or metallurgical slag;
• sifted sand;
• fine-grained gravel or screenings;
• cement M400 or M500.

The name itself speaks for itself what it is made of. this block, and it is made from coal slag, which remains after the combustion of boilers in a coal-fired boiler house

It is allowed to introduce additives that reduce the duration of hardening and increase strength. The ratios of the ingredients affect the characteristics of the finished material.

Use the following recipes:

• mix ash with cement in a ratio of 7: 2, add water to a plastic consistency;
• mix ash and screenings in equal proportions, add 10–12% of cement from the total volume, dilute with water.

When mixing, be guided by proven recipes.

We check the machine for the production of blocks - we stamp cinder blocks with our own hands

Consider how to use the machine for the manufacture of cinder concrete products:

1. Set the unit to solid foundation, connect the voltage.
2. Prepare the cinder block mixture according to the manufacturing technology.
3. Fill the mold box with mortar and turn on the vibration motor for one minute.
4. Add solution up to the upper mark.
5. Install the cover, turn on the vibration motor.
6. Tamp until it touches the cover with thrust elements.
7. Carefully remove the forming container.

When the fresh block has set, remove it from the box. Dry the building material in a dry and closed area.

What to look for when making a cinder block machine

When building a house, a bathhouse or an outbuilding, you can save a lot by using a machine designed for the manufacture of cinder blocks. It is not always necessary to purchase a machine made in the factory. It is not difficult to make a machine for making blocks yourself. Pay attention to the use of proven drawings, as well as study the recipe and understand the technology.

OKVED codes required when registering an individual entrepreneur according to this species Activity: 26.61: Manufacture of concrete products for use in construction; 26.66: Manufacture of other products of concrete, plaster and cement; 51.53: Wholesale timber, building materials and sanitary equipment.

gas silicate blocks- high quality building material. They are characterized by low cost, environmentally friendly production and low weight. These qualities have allowed the material to gain wide popularity in the construction industry.

Blocks have high strength, and due to the cellular structure, gas silicate can have a density of 300kg / m³ to 700kg / m³, evenly distributed throughout the block, which also increases the popularity of this product among construction companies.

Requirements for a production facility

The room allotted for the production of gas silicate blocks with their own hands must meet certain requirements. To store raw materials and finished products, you will need a specially designated place. The height of the room must be at least three meters.

Likewise, those the process provides for the presence of electrical networks with a voltage of 380V and 220V, water supply and access roads. The room itself must be insulated and cleaned of dirt and debris.

The production of gas silicate is considered waste-free, so there is no need for sewerage on the territory of the mini-plant.

Equipment for the production of gas silicate blocks

To organize a mini-factory in a garage or a small rented room, you will need the following machines for the production of gas silicate blocks:

1. vibrating sieve
2. Industrial autoclave;
3. Forms for blocks;
4. ball mill;
5. Bunker batcher;
6. Concrete mixer.

Equipment price

Where and at what price can you buy for the production of gas silicate? Let's dwell on this issue in more detail:

• vibrating sieve for sifting sand. fit inexpensive options, taking up little space, such as: vibrating sieve VO-1, manufactured by Aver-Irkutsk, with a capacity of 0.25 kW - $ 320, vibrating sieve VO-01, LLC " Construction equipment"- $ 370, vibrating table VS-250, Stroymashservice-Don - $ 575, option without a vibrator, Stroytekhnopolis - $ 125, machine from Elsie-stroy - $ 520, VIBROMASH VO-1, Delta Engineering - $ 450;
• ball mill. Uralmash MShTs-210*3000 - $1740, Uralmash MSTs-3600*4500 - $1740, ball mill MSHMP-0.8 - up to $5750, mill from CJSC Paritet Dry Grinding - $3710; CJSC Paritet wet grinding - $ 3310;
• Dispensers. Bunker - dispenser BD-30 from the Zlatoust plant of concrete mixing equipment - $ 5,750, Bunker dispenser for a concrete mixer from NPO KSK - $ 1,130;
• concrete mixer. Options from companies: Kit-South - $ 90, B 130 "Enthusiast" - $ 180, Bottlenose Falina Chelyabinsk - $ 225, TOR 46l. From the TOR Trading House - $ 125;
• Forms. Metal cassette molds for cellular concrete from Krasnoyarsk, the company GK TSK - $ 185, Metal cassette mold Stroy Mekhanika Kirov - $ 315, "Standard-1" form, for 36 blocks - $ 350;
• Autoclave. Machine manufactured by "UralCenterKomplekt" Ag-1200 tz - $ 43,550, autoclave through passage AP 1.2 - 2 * 17, manufactured by "Stroykompleks Brik" - $ 26,135.

To buy a quality machine for the production of gas silicate blocks, you will have to carefully choose the option that is right for you and compare their power and performance.

In order to compare prices and technical characteristics of production machines, it is recommended to study the foreign market.

Production technology of gas silicate blocks

For production, in addition to equipment, you will need knowledge of manufacturing technology and the proportion of raw materials.

Production process of gas silicate blocks

The process is quite simple to perform. Keeping the proportions and correct execution technology, a quality product will be obtained.

1. Using a vibrating screen, separate bulk material from excess fragments;
2. Grind raw materials for the production of gas silicate blocks in a ball mill;
3. Observing the proportions, mix all the bulk components, except for the aluminum suspension;
4. Perform re-sifting;
5. Add aluminum powder and water, mix thoroughly;
6. Fill the forms with a mixture of ½ of the total volume of each of them;
7. Leave the molds with the mass at a temperature of at least 40 ° for 2 hours;
8. Process the blocks with an autoclave;
9. Leave for 3 hours to complete the chemical processes and curing.

If you want to produce cellular concrete blocks according to interstate standards, then read the provisions of GOST 31360-2007, 21520-89, 25485–89, 31359, which describe the requirements for unreinforced wall products made of autoclaved cellular concrete.

On sale you can find various sizes of gas silicate blocks, but according to GOST 31360, the size of each block must comply with the following standards: length - 625mm, width - 500mm, height - 500mm.

The proportions of the ingredients for the manufacture of the mixture

Consider what they are made of gas silicate blocks. For the production of 1 cubic meter of gas silicate mixture, ingredients will be needed in the following proportions: water - about 450 liters, cement - 60 kg (from 8% to 10%), quartz sand- 450 kg (up to 70%), gypsum - 0.5 kg (up to 2%), lime - 120 kg (the percentage of lime is 12% to 20%), as well as aluminum powder - 0.5 kg (up to 2% ).

To achieve the highest density of the material, the proportion of pores should be no more than 38%, such a building block is suitable for capital construction.

With an average density, gas silicate is a material with a pore fraction of not more than 52%.

The highest allowable porosity of light cellular material will be up to 92%. In the latter case, the use of gas silicate blocks is only permissible for thermal insulation.

Production of gas silicate blocks at home

Such production is possible if there is a room that meets the relevant requirements.

Blocks made at home are inferior in quality to goods released on the production line.

First of all, this is due technical specifications technology used. But it should be noted that the gas silicate produced by a small private plant is in no less demand than the factory one, thanks to affordable price and a small difference in the quality of the building material.

Profitability calculation

Let's calculate the payback period and profitability of a small home plant for the production of gas silicate building blocks.

Investments

Vibrating sieve - $ 450;
Ball mill - $5,750;
A batcher for a concrete mixer - $ 1,130;
Concrete mixer - $ 225;
Forms - $ 350;
Autoclave – $26,135

Total: $34,040

Costs per 1 cubic meter of raw materials

Water - 450l. - $ 0.6;
Cement - 60 kg - $ 2.5;
Quartz sand - 450kg - $ 7.8;
Gypsum - 0.5 kg - $ 0.1;
Lime - 120 kg - $ 6.2;
Aluminum powder - 0.5 kg - $ 0.1.

Total: 17.3 dollars / 1 cu. m.

The volume of production at our mini-factory will be 1500 cubic meters. m. per month, the sale price of 1m³ is $45. With full implementation, the monthly income will be $67,500. Net profit– $24,250 per month. Taking into account the factors accompanying the manufacture and sale of goods, investments in a small private factory will pay off in 3 months of work.

Let's summarize. Analyzing the amount of profit and the payback period of investments, we can say that gas silicate blocks as a business are a profitable enterprise with a high profitability ratio.