How to choose a pump for water supply: "smart" water supply. Pump for a well: which one to choose - instructions Features of a modern heating system for a country house

Serving the heating system. Water supply is no less (or even more) complicated thing that requires a competent approach. Pumps are various types- vortex, vibration, centrifugal and so on, and they serve a variety of purposes - from watering personal plot before propulsion of a marine vessel (in fact, a jet propulsion unit is the same water pump). An interesting fact is that the centrifugal pump was invented by our compatriot, Russian military engineer Alexander Alexandrovich Sablukov back in 1838. And he first designed centrifugal fan intended for submission clean air into mines, and then specifically for a submarine designed by his friend and colleague Karl Schilder, he developed a similar design that allows water to be distilled. So Russia has played an important role in the development of the water collection business. And we will talk about pumps for a very specific purpose - about self-priming pumping units to maintain constant pressure in private homes. It's so nice when you open the tap, and from there water comes out with normal pressure (and, by the way, normal temperature).

Why is pressure weak?

Problems with water pressure are known, it seems, to everyone. But in apartment building they are relatively difficult to solve - the pressure depends on the total water intake, as well as on the state of the water supply system. In the private sector, these problems depend only on what the pump costs and how it works. It is clear that there is additional factors- the depth of water, for example, or the number of points where water is supplied (showers, baths, and so on), but in general, all this can be adjusted. Sometimes the pressure of only one of the taps changes - hot or cold. Then the total temperature of the water changes dramatically, and this, as you might guess, is not very pleasant.

There are two main reasons for the change in pressure: - change in inlet pressure; - simultaneous use of several points of water intake. If we talk about city water supply, then in a single house the pressure changes along with the pressure in the entire system. In the morning, when people shower, eat breakfast (and use the sink), and so on, the water pressure is reduced. This is where the right pump with an “intelligent” element is needed, that is, a device that is able to maintain a constant pressure at the inlet, regardless of external factors. Let's take an example − Grundfos model SCALA2.

Constant pressure legend

This pump belongs to the class of so-called "smart" pumps. It is equipped with a built-in sensor that measures the pressure at the outlet of the pump. If the pressure drops below a predetermined level, the pump increases the shaft speed and compensates for the pressure drop so that the pressure remains constant and does not "jump" in the entire system. In other words, it provides constant pressure at variable flow. The user does not notice the differences. It would seem that this is quite simple idea, but it is not implemented in all systems. In order for it to work exactly as intended, the pump must be properly installed and, most importantly, configured. Although everything is simple here. You can install it both indoors and outside (but - what is important - the temperature limits environment range from 0 ° to 55 ° С), and it can take water from the central city water supply system, from a reservoir, and from a well up to 8 meters deep.

The pressure assessment is usually carried out at the point of draw-off farthest from the pump, for example, in some shower on the second floor. When connected, the unit will automatically maintain the pressure at 3 bar, but if the pressure in that same shower is too low, the pressure must be increased by setting the desired value on the control panel. It is with this value that the device compares the pressure determined by the sensor at the outlet, and constantly levels the difference between them by changing the speed of the pump shaft.

Silence should be in the house!

One of the common problems of pumps installed inside the house is noise and vibration during operation. Especially if the pump is installed incorrectly - but we will not consider this option.

In Grundfos SCALA2, the noise level is only 47 dB - it's like a muffled conversation, nothing more. This effect is associated primarily with a competent layout and engine cooling by the pumped liquid. The permanent magnet motor - the heart of the device - is covered by other elements and cools well, and, in addition, the built-in hydraulic tank reduces the number of starts and stops. Plus, the pump is very compact and weighs only 10 kg, which significantly reduces vibration (the unit body made of aluminum also contributes to the maximum absorption of the latter). And thanks to the protection against dry running (when water disappears in the system for some reason), the system never runs “dry”, which works for the durability of the installation.

Savings on bills

The SCALA2 is powered by a highly efficient motor for permanent magnets- its efficiency is much higher than that of a standard electric motor. Plus, the device has a built-in a frequency converter and a "smart" control system as a whole, thanks to which it does not constantly work at maximum power consumption (which in itself is not very high, 0.55 kW), but consumes exactly as much as is needed under load at any given moment. On average, SCALA2 will consume only 0.4 kW. Compared to a typical analogue, the SCALA2 pump is about three times more energy efficient.

Finally, the pump is resistant to voltage drops, while characteristics close to nominal will be at voltages from 150 to 300 V. This is especially true for country houses, where voltage drops often lead household appliances out of service.

Summing up, we can highlight those points that you should pay special attention to when choosing a pump. These are: — ease of installation and compactness; — minimum noise and vibration; - the ability to maintain a stable pressure in the system; — reliability and durability; - energy efficiency and resistance to voltage drops. If the pump meets these requirements, it can be taken. In our opinion, Grundfos SCALA2 complies. No wonder we took him as an example. Choose right!
Applications for Grundfos SCALA2:

- increase in pressure from city highways; — water supply from wells (depth up to 8 m); - water supply from storage tanks (reservoirs); — systems of manual and automatic watering; - pumping clean water from reservoirs.

Specifications:

— Ambient temperature — up to 55 °C — Temperature of the pumped liquid — up to 45 °C — operating pressure- 10 bar - insulation class - X4D (outdoor installation) - number of storeys of the building - no more than 3 - number of water points - no more than 8 - dimensions: height - 304 mm, length - 403 mm, width - 193 mm - weight (net ) - 10 kg

Naturally, the selection of the device must be carried out by measuring your needs, the data of the well from which you will pump water and specifications the equipment itself.

But even without any measurements, you can immediately select the type of device and the manufacturer. As for the manufacturer, we advise you to choose one of the most popular and reliable brands.

What are the benefits of purchasing a smart well pump?

It must be said right away that the price for a smart pump for a well will be higher than for standard designs. But on the other hand, he will serve you at the highest level.

The pump has special impellers that regulate the level of water consumption. As the water intake increases, additional steps are included, which provide a more powerful water pressure. There can be up to seven such steps, that is, the most expensive and high-quality smart pump is able to regulate the pumping of water at seven speeds. But this is not its only advantage.

On the smart pumps for a well, prices are also higher because the designs provide protection against pump idling - emergency mode, at which the pumped water ends. Availability of a special protective system allows you to turn off the pump in seconds.

What factors should be considered when choosing a technique?

Well diameter. Borehole pumps pump water from a sufficient depth and at the same time they themselves are of small diameter. To install smart borehole pumps usually, wells of small diameter are drilled, which should not be much larger than the diameter of the pump.

Well debit. This is a parameter that shows how much water can be extracted from a well in a certain period of time (usually data is taken for one hour).

Static and dynamic water levels. They, like the debit of the well, must be indicated in the passport data. But you can make all the necessary measurements yourself.

The drilling of the well has been completed. For high-quality water supply, it is necessary to solve the issue of delivering water to the house. "Heart" plumbing system is the pump.

The intensity of the pressure, the quality of the water entering the house and the proper operation of the entire water supply system depend on the solution of the question of which borehole pump to choose. The article deals with questions about the types of units, their installation by one's own hands.

What are the parameters for choosing a pump for a well

As a rule, the owner must know to what depth the well was drilled and its diameter, the selection of the pump largely depends on this. If the owner decided to drill a well on his own, then it is recommended to determine these criteria in advance, but when the work was carried out by a specialized organization, then these data are indicated in.

Most pumps are designed for wells with a diameter of 3 or 4 inches (1 inch equals 2.54 cm), with the choice of the latter being much larger.

Based on the parameters of your source, we determine the following criteria:

1. Water level.

What pumps are best for a well? The characteristics of the pumps must indicate the immersion depth of the unit, there are devices that operate only at a depth of up to 9 meters, and there are those that raise water from 50 meters.

If you do not know the height of the water column of your well, then you can determine it yourself using a rope with a load at the end, lowering the device into the hole to the bottom. Then it remains only to measure the dry and wet parts of the rope: the first number will show the distance from the surface to the water table, and the second - the height of the water column.

If the depth of the well is known, then it will be enough for the load to submerge a little in the water. Then it is enough to subtract the footage of the dry part of the rope from the total depth to get the height of the post.

Each well produces a characteristic amount of water only for a certain period. This mass is called debit. Determined desired parameter as follows: they record the time during which the complete pumping of water from the well will occur, and then the recovery time of the water column. Dividing the second number obtained by the first, we obtain the desired characteristic.

I must say that the data calculated in this way are quite approximate, but they will be enough to select a pump.

1. Performance.

If you have not decided yet, then pay attention to the performance of the unit.

This factor directly depends on the water consumption of the owner. It is necessary to determine what functions the device will perform - serve only for home use or also for watering the site.

The gradation of water delivery from modern pumps is wide: from 20 to 200 liters per minute. It is estimated that one person consumes about 200 liters per day, then for an average family of 4 people a pump with a capacity of 30–50 l / min will be enough.

If it is planned to irrigate the site (and this is approximately plus another 2000 liters per day), then the unit should accordingly issue more water. So you need to choose a pump with a capacity of 70-100 l / min, of course, the price of such a device will be an order of magnitude higher.

1. Head.

Not only that, a properly selected pump should provide uninterrupted right amount water, so also the pressure should be such that the liquid does not flow in a thin stream, but in a normal stream, which will water the garden and Appliances serve.

The calculation of this parameter is easy to do with your own hands: the depth of the well is taken in meters, 30 meters are added to this number, it turns out the height of the water column, which the unit must master. For safety net, another 10% of the amount received is usually added.

For example, the depth of the well is 20 m, add 30 m and get 50 m, adding another 5 m (10%), we find the estimated height of the column - 55 m. So, to the question "Which one to choose a well pump with these parameters?", We answer: the best option there will be a purchase of a unit with a pressure of at least 60 m.

These are the main technical characteristics necessary for choosing a pump for a well. In addition to them, there are several other factors that are also worth paying attention to.

Types of pumps for wells

All models are divided into:

• . Devices are partially or completely immersed in water.
• Surface. They are used when the water level is not lower than 9 meters. Their installation can be carried out on the ground and a floating platform, but a prerequisite is that water does not get inside the engine.

Tip: You should always choose a device with a power reserve, which will allow you to upgrade the water supply system at any time without replacing the pump.

The principle of operation and installation rules for surface pumps

The operation of the well pump is as follows:

• A pump is mounted on the rotating shaft of the electric motor, on which there are holes for supplying and taking water.
• The intake is carried out by a sleeve or hose with a check valve. The element must be good quality otherwise, depressurization of the unit may result in the engine not starting.

Tip: You need to make sure that after stopping the pump, the pump is not left without water, which will lead the device to idle and may break it. You can turn it on only after filling the pump with water.

• To increase the depth of water intake over 9 meters, you can use an external ejector, which is lowered under water along with a hose. In this case, when the pump is running, part of the water falls into the ejector, the pressure in the hose rises, which increases the pressure. But a loud noise created by the installation, does not allow you to use this option all the time.
• Installing a surface pump is very easy. The unit is placed near the well, a hose is lowered into the water, the device is connected to the network.
• It is better to install the pump in a heated room or in an insulated container.

Types of submersible pumps for wells

Manufacturers produce three types of submersible equipment:

• Centrifugal. These are the most expensive devices. Designed to lift water from a depth of more than 100 meters.
  In its composition, sand can exceed 180 g / m. A feature of the units is greater power and increased productivity.
• Vortex. With their help, water with an impurity content of up to 40 g / m3 can be pumped, and the depth of the wells is from 30 to 100 meters.
• screw. The price of such devices is the smallest. They serve to organize water supply from wells, the depth of which is up to 15 meters or open reservoirs. The maximum presence of abrasive particles is 40 g/m.

Tip: Before purchasing a pump, you need to conduct a laboratory analysis of water to determine the composition and concentration of impurities. The use of vibration devices in wells can lead to rapid wear of the structure.

For wells, they are used with high power.

The optimal dimensions of such devices allow them to be installed in narrow wells. The length of the extended pump cylinder is from 50 centimeters to 2.5 meters, and outside diameter about 10 centimeters.

If the question arises which pump to choose for a well of 15 meters, then a deep pump - optimal solution. It is well suited for shaft wells, deep sand or artesian wells, process tanks. They are made using high quality stainless steel.

Centrifugal pumps for wells

The features of the unit are:

• The design of the device includes an engine shaft on which a wheel is located, consisting of two plates connected by blades.
• The centrifugal force of the pump captures the water with the blades, and then throws it into the supply pipe. - the most common type of equipment for wells. This is the most versatile mechanism.
• Their main purpose is to convey clean water. This indicates that there should not be even a small amount of sand in the water.
• Price centrifugal pumps depends on the number of steps and some design features.
• For domestic needs, single-stage pumps are most often used, however, if more water pressure is needed, multi-stage pumps should be chosen, where there are several operating wheels on one shaft.

Vibratory Pump Applications

Vibration pumps are used for the following purposes:

• Pumping water from the tank. It can be used to drain a freshly dug well or clean it out if necessary.
• Raising water from a tank for domestic use.
• Water supply from an open source such as lakes, pools, rivers, etc.
• Water supply from a pre-filled container, which can include a cistern, tank, etc.
• Pumping water from a flooded room, basement, trench, etc.
• Pumping water from a well can also be done using, but reviews on the use of this unit in such conditions vary greatly. Some speak positively about the operation of the pump, using it for years, while others talk about a damaged well and collapse of the foundation.

How does the type of pump depend on the depth of the well

The type of pump is selected from the depth of the well.

Therefore, when choosing a pump, consider:

• Depth of aquifers.
• If there is already a well on the site, but its depth and the location of the water level are not exactly known, then you can decide which submersible to choose after measuring it.

This is done as follows: a small load is lowered into the well on a dry rope, after which the distance to the water level is determined by the wet mark.

• These values ​​are usually indicated in the device passport.

Tip: Keep in mind that different models products can operate continuously and uninterruptedly only in a certain range.

Recommendations for choosing pumps for wells of different depths

So:

• Which pump to choose for a well of 60 meters - a powerful deep or domestic pumping station? It is not very easy to raise water from such a depth, which requires the installation of at least two check valves. To supply water from a great depth, the pump is installed directly into the drilled well. Dimensions deep pumps small, but they provide excellent autonomous water supply private house, dacha, cottage. Via special equipment the body of deep-well pumps is lowered into the well, then it is fixed to the surface with a cable.
• Which pump to choose for a well of 50 meters - the most powerful household pump Or a pumping station? The pump must be submersible, centrifugal type. The surface pump will not be able to cope with the task. Good fit deep type pump. Using pumping station it should include a hydraulic accumulator, a self-priming pump and a pressure switch.
• If the question arises which pump to choose for a well of 30 meters, then it is better to pre-calculate the power of the device necessary to supply water from such a depth. For this, the depth of the existing well is taken in meters, 30 is added to it. This will be the height of the water column.

A margin of 10% is added to the resulting value. For example, with a well depth of 25 meters, it is necessary to purchase a pump with a head: 25 + 30 = 55. 55+10%=65. This means that the pump head should be 70 meters.

• Which pump to choose for a well 20 meters? Here the answer is unequivocal - a submersible borehole pump is indispensable, better than a centrifugal type.

A small overview of pumps for wells

So, you have decided to purchase a borehole pump, which one will last better and last longer? Let's look at some of the most popular models.

JILEX Water cannon PROF 55/75 Dom

• View - submersible.
• Country of origin Russia.
• Diving depth - 30 m.
• Productivity - 55 l / min.
• Lifting height - 75 m.
• Pump diameter - 98 mm.

With such a performance, the pump is able to provide water to several points of analysis in the house and water the garden. The pump is fully adapted for operation in the Russian climate.

The unit is equipped with a hydraulic accumulator, has good pressure, soft start, almost complete absence of vibration, convenience and ease of maintenance, as well as the ability to work in sandy wells. Automated control is equipped with protection functions against "dry running" and overheating.

The disadvantages are quite high price, which is compensated by the reliability of the unit.

Grundfos SQ 2-55

• View - submersible.
• Country of origin - Denmark.
• Diving depth - 55 m.
• Productivity - 33 l / min.
• Lifting height - 68 m.
• Pump diameter - 74 mm.

A rather expensive pump, but this is just the case when the quality of the unit exceeds the declared cost. With a diameter of 3 inches, the device is suitable for narrow wells, it is equipped with functions of protection against overheating and running dry, and more.

The pump has high wear resistance, soft start, high efficiency, will easily provide a good supply of water to 3 points of analysis. It works completely silently, is ergonomic, in addition, the manufacturer gives good guarantee(10–15 years).

The pumps are available in both horizontal and vertical options which greatly enhances their functionality. Comparison of borehole pumps from other manufacturers with the unit of this company will not be in favor of the first.

The downside is the weak resistance to voltage drops, you will have to additionally purchase a stabilizer. It is not yet recommended to use the pump in heavily sanded wells, it is desirable to pump clean water.

UNIPUMP ECO 1

• View - submersible.
• Country of origin - Russia.
• Immersion depth - 20 m.
• Productivity - 80 l / min.
• Lifting height - 52 m.
• Pump diameter - 96 mm.

The pump is designed for slightly sandy wells, has automatic control with protection against overheating and "dry run". With such high performance, the unit will fully provide the house drinking water and sufficient watering even large area. The pump is characterized by quiet operation, economy and ergonomics, as well as affordable price.

The disadvantages include sensitivity to hard water and a weak power cord.

Belamos TF3-80

• View - submersible.
• Country of origin - Belarus.
• Diving depth - 80 m.
• Productivity - 45 l / min.
• Lifting height -85 m.
• Pump diameter - 75 mm.

The narrow well pump has an affordable price, good performance, stable head over a wide range of water flow and high quality assemblies. Guarantee period, indicated by the manufacturer, is 12–15 years.

The design of the unit provides for the possibility of cleaning the pump part with your own hands, without contacting a specialized organization. The pump has built-in thermal protection with forced activation, which excludes engine breakdown in an emergency, is not afraid of voltage surges, the kit includes a 50 m cable and a plug with a grounding contact.

Of the minuses, one can especially note the high power consumption.

Hand pump device

The photo shows simplest form hand pump.

This is the most reliable and easy-to-use unit for extracting water from a well. Its advantage is that in the event of a power outage, the owner of the site will not be left without water.

But such a device can be used at a well depth of not more than 8 meters, which means that it is applicable only where it is installed surface pump. No special instructions are needed to connect it.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows: the suction device is driven by a wing, to which the movement is transmitted from a hand lever. The whole system is shaft connected and protected by the pump casing.

The main advantage of such a unit, along with energy independence, is its low cost, it is several times cheaper than any electrical analogue.

Which well pump to choose, how to install it, can be seen in the video. This article offers only some options for borehole pumps and their advantages.

Have you ever come across smart pumps for a private home that consume electricity 2.01 times less than a regular kitchen Electric kettle? These pumps are Espa Technoplus.

Espa Tecnoplus 15 4m is the pump, the price of which will be justified many times over by the cost of saved electricity.

Benefits of Espa Tecnoplus 15 4M

Only 0.7 kW, but the water consumption for supply is up to 3.0 cubic meters per 1 hour. How do you like that smart and economical offer, for example, for automatic watering in the country?

The Tecnoplus smart pump comes with an automatic control. That's why its so convenient to set up and exploit.

You do not need to install a separate control unit and pay extra money for it.

Compact size allows you to install equipment anywhere on the territory, both inside and outside the premises.

Spain is a producer country and a supplier country. The European assembly has a lot of advantages, the main one being automation of the entire assembly process, which significantly reduces the percentage of marriage.

Plot water supply and automatic irrigation

The Espa Tecnoplus 15 4m pump will perfectly cope with the task of water supply of the site and work in the automatic irrigation system.

The booster station does not require a separate hydraulic tank, the price of which can complicate the purchase of the system. Smart pumping equipment for a private house protected from air(cavitation) and running dry.

Overload protection, accidental operation and smooth running prolong service life.

Espa - quiet, less noise than a washing machine. Turn on and off the water, watering and shower in the bath. You will not know that the station has started working!

Choosing a pumping station for the home

If you know how to select pumps yourself and you already understand that you need more powerful model having a higher flow rate with the same basic characteristics, buy Espa Technoplus 25 4m. It has a water consumption for supply 2.5 times more than its younger counterpart.

Need an engineering consultation? Call us! The specialist will make an accurate calculation and select a smart station suitable for your private area.

The material was prepared with the participation of company expertsWilo .

The past winter heating period with severe frosts, sudden thaws and frequent transitions through 0 could reveal all the pros and cons in the operation of the heating system country house. As a result, depending on the efficiency of the equipment, homeowners either spent the planned funds on heating the cottage, or overpaid and thought about how to reduce costs in the next heating season.

There are several ways to modernize the heating system and thus reduce operating costs in the long run. One of them is to equip the “engineer” with a circulation pump, which flexibly adapts to constantly changing operating conditions. We understand the issue with the help of an engineer of the manufacturer circulation pumps.

• What are the features modern system heating.
• Why do you need a circulation pump with an intelligent control system.
• What is the principle of operation of circulation pumps with an electronic control system based on.
• What is the economic benefit of using a "smart" circulation pump.

Features of a modern heating system of a country house

Depending on the region, the heating period in our country lasts on average 6-7 months. Because energy prices are growing all the time, among the owners of country cottages there is an increasing interest in the construction of energy-efficient houses, i.е. buildings where all energy losses are minimized. Practice shows that with a competent approach to the process of building such a house (based on thermal engineering calculation), the funds spent on its construction are returned in the form of a reduction in the cost of paying for energy carriers.

But one thing is often overlooked important point- construction of energy efficient, which means economical home, requires the solution of a whole range of problems. In addition to insulation, installation of a ventilation system with a heat exchanger, in order to minimize costs, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of the heating system.

Heating "engineer" country cottage includes a variety of equipment. These are solid fuel, gas, electric or diesel boilers, underfloor heating system or wall-mounted radiators with thermostatic heads, etc. So heating system country house is equipped with circulation pumps.

A circulation pump is needed to pump the coolant through a long heating circuit (pipelines).

Often, conventional (unregulated) circulation pumps are installed in the heating system, all the time operating at a constant speed or having stepwise adjustment of the coolant pressure in 2-3 ranges.

These pumps may be outdated and have an inefficient motor. This results in a significant overrun. Money. To avoid this, the heating system can be upgraded by installing a “smart” circulation pump in it.

Benefits of a circulation pump with an intelligent control system

Unregulated heating pumps consume a large number of electricity, because during the entire heating period, they constantly operate at maximum mode. While in fact most of the time the heating system operates in partial load mode.

For example, in case of sudden warming (this often happens in the middle of winter), the user lowers the temperature of the coolant and its pressure, because. from heating appliances no heat transfer required. Also, the heating system is not required maximum efficiency work at the beginning and at the end heating season when the cold weather has just set in, and very coldy have not arrived yet. When changing day and night, when leaving home for work during the day, when using thermostatic heads installed on radiators, you can lower the temperature in the rooms and, thereby, save money on heating.

That is, during the entire heating season, the circulation pump requires maximum performance for only a limited period of time. Therefore, the pump must flexibly adapt to the constantly changing operating conditions and personal preferences of the people living in the house.

Anastasia Listopad

Older generation pumps allow you to manually select one of several constant speeds (usually two or three). Often these pumps can operate on top speed even if all radiators are covered. This leads to unreasonably high power consumption.

Modern "smart" circulation pumps are equipped with highly efficient motors with automatic power control. This optimizes the hydraulic parameters of the pump in all modes of operation of the heating system, and especially in partial load modes, which can significantly reduce energy costs.

Additional energy savings are achieved by activating the automatic speed reduction and the Dynamic adapt function. This is a function of continuous dynamic adjustment of the operating point in the partial load zone of the pump.

By constantly adapting the duty point of the pump as well as the automatic bleed function, the use of electronic pumps avoids the occurrence of noise in the system, which is especially important for residential premises

The principle of operation of circulation pumps with an electronic control system

As mentioned above, in our climatic zone there are significant fluctuations in ambient temperature. Regardless weather conditions, the user needs to provide a constant comfortable temperature air in living quarters.

At low temperatures, as a rule, all radiators are open, maximum coolant supply is required. With an increase in temperature outside, part of the radiators is covered - a smaller amount of coolant passes through the system.