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Euphorbia has a large species diversity. The appearance of plants is quite diverse. Its height can vary from a couple of centimeters to several meters. Ascending straight stems may or may not have thorns. All these plants are united by the fact that they have a milky juice that stands out from the incisions. Euphorbia can be found in tropical countries, in America and the Mediterranean, in Asia and Africa, as well as in the southern regions of Russia.

Euphorbia: Varieties and varieties

According to various sources, the Euphorbiaceae family has 900-2500 varieties. Few can only be grown outdoors. But most of all, the spurge flower develops well as a house plant. Let's get acquainted with the most interesting representatives of this species:

Very often, amateur gardeners call certain types of milkweed cacti. This is due to the significant external similarity. But the euphorbium family or euphorbiaceae, is not botanically related to cacti, and it is incorrect to call them that.

Euphorbia: Care at home

Indoor spurge flower growers fell in love not only with their original external decorative appearance, but also with the ease of caring for the plant at home. This bush is completely unpretentious to the conditions of detention. However, it must be protected from drafts and avoid very wet ground.

Transplant after acquisition

For plant transplant general rule the choice of the required time of the year is considered. For these bushes, this is spring time. If a flower appeared in your house at another time, then a transplant is performed only if it was purchased in a transport container. In this case, it is advisable to transplant it immediately into a pot with drainage and suitable soil.

The soil must be permeable and loose. If a special land for succulent crops was not found, then suitable soil for cacti. The composition can be made by hand. What will be needed for:

sand, turf in equal parts;
sand, humus, leaf earth in a ratio of 2:3:2.

At the bottom of the pot certainly put drainage layer from expanded clay or pebbles.

Fertilizers and top dressing

Euphorbia should be fed during the growing season - in summer and spring once a month after watering. In the autumn winter time feed is not added. For flowering bushes use potassium supplements.

Watering the plant

The soil must be moistened according to the following scheme:

at a temperature of less than + 12C, watering is completed;
in winter, watering is reduced to once a month;
in summer time watered once a week.

Overdried soil begins to moisten gradually with small portions of water. In very hot weather, the bush is sprayed.

Temperature for growing plants at home

Room spurge should be kept at a temperature of + 18-25C. In summer, a pot with a plant is recommended to be taken out into the open air. If the temperature drops to +15C, the bush must be brought into the room.

Certain species can withstand a temperature regime of + 5-6C. Under these conditions, the plant must be kept in a well-lit room.

Lighting

Most of the species are sun-loving and develop well when illuminated under direct sunlight. Certain species require diffused lighting. Among them is the most beautiful euphorbia and poinsettia.

The plant can also grow in the shade. However, the foliage loses contrast and brightness.. Variegated varieties under these conditions lose their original color.

pruning

Anti-aging pruning is done in July after flowering:

in flowering plant varieties, young shoots must be left, they will bloom on next year;
cut off the elongated shoots;
remove dried stems.

Formative pruning consists not only in adjusting the crown. If you need indoor euphorbia to grow into a dense bush, then in February all shoots are removed. In the year of pruning, flowering will not occur, but subsequently it will double.

Euphorbia flower propagation methods

Euphorbia propagated at home can be done in three different ways:

dividing the bush;
cuttings;
seed.

The vegetative propagation method is the easiest and most affordable when caring for and planting a plant. Grow from seeds spherical species that do not propagate by cuttings. Certain varieties are propagated by root processes, for example, garden spurge.

Growing from seeds

Seeds can be collected by yourself. Why isolate the pods with a cloth bag so that ripe seeds do not scatter from the opened box. You can store them in a paper bag for no more than one year. But it is desirable to sow fresh seeds.

Soil for germination can be prepared from a mixture of sand and peat. For disinfection, the soil is preliminarily calcined in the oven. For a day, the seeds are soaked in water and then buried wet in the ground. Crops are covered with a film and rearranged in a warm room.

Reproduction by cuttings

This reproduction is carried out by the leaves or shoots of the plant. This procedure is carried out in the fall.

To reproduce using shoots:

a process of approximately 12-15 cm in size is cut from under the leaf node;
remove the lower leaves;
to wash off the secreted juice is lowered into water;
the cut is wiped and treated with crushed charcoal;
the dried stalk is planted in wet sand.

Planting material before rooting must be kept under a transparent cap. The earth must be kept moist. Direct sunlight at this time is undesirable.

For propagation using leaves, protective gloves must be used:

pinch off a leaf with a cutting;
let the milky juice drain;
treat the cut with a growth activator;
planted in moist soil;
covered with transparent polyethylene.

Care consists of regular watering and daily airing.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

Plant division is carried out only when the bush is at rest. Euphorbia is taken out of the container and the rhizome is divided into several parts. The planting material is inspected - it should not have rotten areas. These pre-healthy tissue need to be removed. Prepared delenki are planted in separate containers.

Pests and diseases of indoor milkweed, plant care and treatment

Improper care leads to diseases and loss of the decorative appearance of the bush. If the leaves fall or turn yellow, then there are signs of rotting of the roots and stem, the reason may be hiding in temperature changes and drafts, lack of nutrients or lighting, improper watering. Brown and black spots indicate fungal infection. To fight the plant must be treated with fungicides.

Euphorbia is poisonous, so you need to use it very carefully. If there are children in the house, then the plant should be kept away from them - it can be harmful to health.

What is the danger? All varieties of indoor milkweed can secrete milky juice, which is very dangerous and poisonous. This juice is in the first lines of all the poisons that plant crops secrete. It is dangerous for both children and adults, as well as for pets and people with allergies.

Skin burn

Contact with poisonous milky juice on the skin can cause inflammation and severe burns. An allergic reaction and rashes may occur.

If the juice gets on the skin, then it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the burned area with water and apply ice. It is also advised to take an antiallergic (antihistamine) remedy.

Eye contact

Contact with juice in the eyes is quite dangerous with permanent or temporary blindness. If this happens, then you need to see a doctor immediately. You need to rinse your eyes before going to a specialist and drip anti-allergic drops.

What can you use Kromgeksal for? These drops are effective for redness. It would be useful to drip "Albucid" to prevent infection. You can also lubricate the eyelids with erythromycin ointment. One way or another, you need to be very careful with the plant.

Ingestion or in the mouth

In these cases, milky juice is quite dangerous.. The following symptoms are possible:

Vomiting and nausea;
Dizziness;
Decrease in body temperature;
impaired breathing;
Fainting states;
Development of seizures;
Swelling of the tongue.

During the first symptoms of poisoning, it is urgent to call a doctor.

If vomiting occurs, it is necessary to swallow pieces of ice;
To accept Activated carbon. It can be dissolved in sodium bicarbonate for high-quality bowel lavage;
Make an enema;
Inside, take laxatives based on magnesium or sodium;
If there is an allergy, then you need to take an antihistamine.

Beneficial features

This plant has a number of useful properties. In view of what euphorbia is often used in folk medicine.

Euphorbia can have a stimulating and tonic effect. It is also a great cleanser for blood vessels.

Euphorbia will be beneficial during I diseases of the digestive tract and is effective for constipation. It also has an antitumor effect. Milky juice is often used to remove calluses and warts. Effective for cleaning skin spots on the face. Lotions are effective during the treatment of boils and burns.

Milkweed contains the following elements:

Saponins;
Flavonoids;
Vitamin C;
Tannins;
Resins and glycosides;
Starch.

Euphorbia tincture is used to treat metastatic tumors during oncological diseases, and is effective in blood cancer. The tincture is also extremely effective for improving immunity.

To prepare the tincture you will need:

0.5 liters of vodka;
10 grams of ground roots.

It is necessary to take tincture 3 times a day for 20 drops.

Also, this recipe is effective for uterine fibroids, impotence, whooping cough, fungal infections, stomach diseases. Small doses of milkweed juice are effective for rejuvenation and strengthening of the body.

The juice is very poisonous, so you do not need to take it inside, without knowledge of cooking recipes. AT medical purposes milkweed seeds are not used.

The roots must be collected when the above ground part of the plant wilts. After washing and drying, the roots can be used to prepare tinctures and decoctions. Decoctions from the roots are good for diarrhea and vomiting.

Euphorbia honey is an amazing remedy which is a syrup Brown. The brown color is due to the high content of iodine. It is used to treat gastritis, thyroid diseases, varicose veins and insomnia.

Euphorbia is unique plant, whose species diversity will make it possible to decorate any room with perennials, whether it be a bedroom in a high-tech city apartment, a cozy living room in a private house or a business-style office.

Indoor spurge

The Euphorbia family is very common and includes plants, shrubs and trees.

Euphorbia species

1. Euphorbia bordered, reaching a height of up to 70 cm, got its name due to the light range of leaves.

2. Euphorbia multiflorum has oblong leaves and bright yellow flowers. The milkweed bush itself looks like a ball.

3. Trihedral spurge is a shrub or tree growing up to 3 meters, with large leaves.

4. Euphorbia comb is a shrub that grows up to 50 centimeters and has reddish leaves.

5. White-veined spurge - a plant reaching 50 centimeters in height and having a ribbed stem and dark green leaves with white veins.

Keeping milkweed at home

As already mentioned, this plant is very unpretentious, but does not like wet soil and drafts, because the shoots and roots begin to rot.

Euphorbia transplant

Optimal time for transplant this plant are the spring months. Young plants should be transplanted once a year, mature plants - once every 2 years.

Soil for milkweed

The ideal soil for milkweed is the soil designated for cacti and succulent plants. In a ratio of 2:3:2, combine leafy soil, soddy soil and sand. Place expanded clay drainage or pebbles on the bottom of the pot.

Milkweed feeding

It is best to feed this plant in the warm season once a month. As top dressing, liquid mineral fertilizers used for cacti are suitable.

Lighting and watering milkweed

Euphorbia loves the sun and tolerates direct sunlight well. Some varieties prefer diffused light, while others may grow in the shade. Choosing a location for your plant depends on its species. In winter, spurge should be watered once a month or less. In the event that the temperature in the room is less than 12 degrees, the plant can not be watered. In summer, water once a week. Spraying is also recommended.

temperature for milkweed

Some types of milkweed of African origin contain at a temperature of 20-25 degrees. Minimum temperature is 12 degrees, however, some plants originating from countries with a temperate climate can endure cold temperatures, 6-10 degrees. In the event that you keep spurge at a low temperature, heat the soil and keep the flower in a lit place.

Euphorbia reproduction

There are 2 ways of propagation: cuttings and from seeds.

Cuttings are best cut in late spring. Remove the lower leaves from the handle, then lower them into the water, and sprinkle the cut charcoal. After 2-3 days, the cutting can be planted in the sand, which should be slightly damp.

From seeds, you can grow white-veined, garden spurge, as well as all plants of spherical shapes.

Diseases and pests of milkweed

by the most dangerous pest is an mealybug. If a white powdery coating appears on the plant, then the spurge is affected by this particular pest. Wipe the affected area running water and alcohol or a mixture of soap and machine oil.

Also, pests such as aphids, thrips, spider mites and fungal diseases can affect spurge. In the fight against aphids, use herbal remedies, for example, an infusion of garlic with alcohol, mustard, onions.

When fighting spider mite appropriate herbal remedies such as soap solutions and alcohol. fungal diseases disinfected with fungicides.

Many diseases can be caused by proper care, insufficient watering, lack of nutrients, as well as drafts and sudden changes in temperature.

A guest from the tropics, but today this plant adorns ordinary garden plots, administrative buildings, and at home. The plant has more than one and a half thousand, the most diverse in size and shape of leaves and flowers, the presence or absence of thorns. Today we will figure out what they look like different types, with the help of a photo, we will find out their exact names, briefly discuss the intricacies of caring for them.

White-tailed (Euphorbia leuconeura)

White-veined, this plant, popular in culture, is named for the white veins on the juicy green background of the leaves and on the edges of the trunk. White color due to the concentration of milky juice. The young plant is a lush rosette of large bright green leaves, wide and rounded along the edge, dense to the touch, with a glossy surface.

An adult plant, as it grows, forms a thick five-sided trunk, which becomes woody at the base, and at a venerable age it can branch out, forming bizarre shapes, for example, a figured candelabra. During the flowering period, inconspicuous peduncles appear in the axils of the leaves, inconspicuous white small flowers, more like germinated bulbs. In the buds of flower stalks are seeds that can shoot up to four meters from the plant. spurge white-veined special care and attention at home does not require, but there are several rules:

watering - as the soil dries, not more often; spraying is necessary in the hot period;
lighting - saturated, but not under the direct rays of the sun;
temperature - room temperature, 18–23 °С;
air humidity - moderate;
container for content - rather wide than deep;
unpretentious to the composition, transplantation of young specimens - annually; adults over five years old - once every two years.

Bluish (Euphorbia coerulescens)

Euphorbia bluish got its name due to the coating of wax on the green part. This type of euphorbia can reproduce vegetatively, therefore it grows quite quickly, occupying a large area. The trunk of the plant is thick, up to 50 mm in circumference, has four to six faces with tuberculate horn formations on the ribs.
Instead of leaves, y has a dark brown thorn forked in the form of horns, often also covered with bloom. Strong voluminous spikes more than a centimeter in length.

This species prefers partial shade and moderate watering, it can be fertilized only in the summer. During the dormant period, he needs coolness, but not lower than +12 ℃, watering for this period is stopped.

Melon (Euphorbia meloformus)

Euphorbia melon-shaped has a rounded shape, up to 10 cm in height, grows from 5 to 10 cm in width. As it ages, it becomes overgrown with numerous children closer to the base. The rounded thick stem process has a triangular facet - from eight to twelve.
The color can be gray-green, swamp-colored, light green and with a bluish tint. The ribs are covered with convex tuberculate formations, and the edges are often decorated with transverse stripes of brown, dark green or gray color. In the upper part (mainly in females) solid peduncles are formed with small green-yellow or reddish flowers.

Indoor melon spurge loves moderate humidity, loose, light and nutritious soil with a must.

Important! AT winter period the plant is not watered, in rare exceptions, the soil lump is lightly sprayed.

Fat or obese (Euphorbia obesa)

There is some similarity between this species and the variety described above: the thick trunk has a rounded shape, it is also small - up to 12 cm tall and 8 cm in circumference. The trunk is also divided into segments, however, not so pronounced and with slightly convex ribs. The difference lies in the absence of thorns on the plant. The color of euphorbia obese is gray-green or dark green, with dark stripes. Inflorescences solitary, collected in a bunch at the top of the trunk.
Euphorbia obese loves deep pots, moderate watering as the soil dries. In winter, the plant is dormant.

Canarian (Euphorbia canariensis)

Under natural conditions, an abundantly branching shrub reaches three to four meters in height; at home, of course, much less. This succulent has a fleshy trunk of four or five faces, with clearly traced ribs, without foliage. The ribs are protected by two-thorn spines growing from kidney-shaped formations half a centimeter long.
It needs pruning, sanitary and shaping. Every year, you should trim the top and remove weaker or improperly growing processes - thereby you will give it nice shape and heal, rejuvenate the bush.

Cypress (Euphorbia cyparissias)

Large-rooted (Euphorbia clavigera)

This species is called large-rooted because of the modified trunk, similar to a swollen root process protruding from the soil. from woody, irregular shape thickenings grow curved light green processes, divided into sections, equipped with long two-spined spines along the edge of sharp ribs.
At the tops of the shoots in the recesses between the spines are sessile buds-inflorescences. Yellow cup-shaped flowers with three to four long stamens break through from the buds. This plant is most often grown as a bonsai. He needs bright lighting, a temperature of 22 to 26 ° C, otherwise the care is the same as for the rest of the succulents.

Did you know? The name of milkweed "euphorbia" is mentioned in the writings of Pliny. In his "Natural History" he describes the case of a miraculous cure from a serious illness of the ruler of Numibia. In order to perpetuate the name of Euphorbos, the doctor who saved him, King Juba named a plant after him, from which the doctor prepared a life-saving medicine.

Largehorn (Euphorbia grandicornis)

The large-horned milkweed has a three-ribbed trunk with faces concave inward. It is divided into segments of irregular shape, each upper segment is a continuation of the lower one. On the uneven edges of the ribs, two tubercles grow from one tubercle, looking into different sides spines. In its natural environment, spurge blooms with bright yellow dense flowers, in room conditions practically does not bloom.
At good conditions- bright sunlight, moderate watering and room temperature - the plant is able to grow to the ceiling.

Mile (Euphorbia milii)

Euphorbia Mil (Miliusa) - thorn bush, which, in addition to thorns, also has foliage. On a ribbed gray trunk, closer to the top, juicy green leaves drop-shaped: narrow at the petiole, they gradually expand, rounding along the edge. The surface of the leaf plates is smooth and shiny. When blooming, Euphorbia Mil produces long peduncles, usually with two flowers of pink, white or yellow. The flowering period of the plant begins when it reaches 25 cm in height.
In the spring and summer, the plant needs moderate watering and top dressing, in without fail you need to remove dried flower stalks and leaves. During the dormant period, the temperature should not be lower than 12 ° C.

Dairy (Euphorbia lactea)

Milky-white euphorbia grows as a shrub, a white ribbed trunk branches as it grows and is densely overgrown with lateral shoots. The ribs of the shoots are literally dotted with triangular-shaped tubercles that end in thorns.
There is a very interesting form “Cristata” in room culture: from a thick trunk, divided into three or four faces, it blooms in the form of an open, wavy fan along the edge, the formation of a milky color, often with a pink border around the edge.

Polyhedral (Euphorbia polygona)

The multifaceted euphorbia is not named so in vain: its trunk sometimes has up to twenty sharp edges. The bush can be with one spherical trunk, close in appearance to a cactus, and may consist of several cylindrical stems. Along the edge of the ribs are brown tubercles-kidneys and sharp spikes. Dense flower buds are located on long peduncles.
This species prefers to develop in partial shade. During the dormant period, watering is best not to carry out.

Triangular (Euphorbia trigona)

A fast-growing species, in room conditions it grows up to a meter in three years; due to the branching of the plant, a slender compact bush is formed. But as it grows, it will need support, since the root system is superficial and, due to its own gravity, the bush can break or fall out of the pot.

The edges of the trunk are concave, glossy, bright light green. On sharp ribs, instead of spines, drop-shaped leaves grow with a convex sharp tip and a central stripe along the leaf.
Penumbra or diffused light - the plant develops equally well both there and there. Responds well to liquid mineral supplements.

Cereus (Euphorbia cereiformis)

Cereus Euphorbia is a large, well-branched shrub with several multifaceted trunks. Gray-green stems along the edges of the ribs are studded with large spines up to 2 cm in length, the spines are dense and voluminous. Leaves grow in some places, but they are so small and weak that they immediately dry out. Some of them fly right away, some last for a long time.
This species direct sunlight is contraindicated, sunburn spots will remain forever. The plant loves spraying, but watering should be only as the soil dries on the surface.

Fisher or Pallas (Euphorbia fischeriana)

Euphorbia Pallas, or the man-root, as it is popularly called, really helps men cope with some disorder of sexual function. It's grassy undersized shrub, branched and leafy. It has thin flexible stems and neat triangular-shaped leaves with an almost white stripe along the bright light green color. During the flowering period, small yellow flowers are formed on the stems on long peduncles, equipped with a pair of stipules.
After wilting, a hazel fruit is formed. But the plant is famous for its root. The thick rhizome has several smaller processes, so that the whole mass looks like a human figure. When studying the composition of the root, substances were found that act depressingly on tumor cells.

Did you know? Esotericists suggest that the rhizome of Pallas is the famous mandrake root. As you know, the mandrake was used as an element of magical rituals and as a potent medicine.

Globular (Euphorbia globosa)

At first glance, the plant resembles an awkward children's craft. From potato-like rounded stems grow, piling up in a chaotic manner, green shoots of the same shape. On green spherical stems there are small leaves, and on the tops during the flowering period dense inflorescences appear on long peduncles. This whole composition grows in width up to half a meter, in height no more than ten centimeters. You can recommend the article to your friends!

AT open nature spurge rarely pay attention, but here it is room option often interested in many people. The positive aspect of growing this particular plant is its unpretentiousness in terms of care, which makes it great option for those who do not have the opportunity to devote much time to home vegetation. In this article, we will tell you how to care for milkweed, how to propagate it, and what problems you may encounter in the process of breeding it.

Optimal conditions for keeping indoor milkweed

To create your milkweed ideal conditions when growing in a house, several important parameters must be considered: temperature, lighting, soil composition and correct watering.

Did you know? Many species of modern milkweed came to us from Africa, in the southern parts of which Aboriginal tribes still smear their arrows and spears with the juice of this plant. It helpsthey are on the hunt, because milkweed juice is poisonous.

Temperature and lighting

Euphorbia is a fairly heat-loving plant, but at different periods of development it needs different temperature conditions.

For example, in summer, the temperature should be maintained within + 20-25 ° C, and the plant will feel better outdoors (on a balcony or in a garden).

Comfortable temperature combined with plenty of sunlight and fresh air has a positive effect on the further flowering of milkweed. In winter, the temperature indicators for growing this plant should fluctuate between + 12-16 ° C.

Important!Not all types of milkweed are equally thermophilic, and some plants can easily withstandonlowering the temperature to +6-10°C(Mediterranean species).

Despite the fact that home spurge is favorable to bright lighting, it cannot be accustomed to scorching sunbeams, which can leave burns on the plant.

In winter, when there is very little natural light, spurge may stop growing. Therefore, in order to avoid such undesirable consequences, you need to organize artificial lighting. To do this, simply place a lamp next to the pot, but turn on the light only early in the morning or late in the evening, when daylight is still (or already) not enough.

How to prepare a substrate for milkweed

Soil for planting or transplanting milkweed can be bought at ready-made or cook it yourself.
For breeding plants at home, the most suitable option there will be the following soil mixture: leafy soil, sand and clay-grain soil are mixed in proportions of 2: 2: 3 (humus is often used instead of clay-grain soil).

Alternatively, you can simply mix the turf with sand (in equal proportions).

Important!Always remember the need for drainage (a layer of a mixture of pebbles, expanded clay and broken bricks), which allows you to remove excess moisture to the outside.

Proper care of milkweed at home

In addition to meeting the requirements for temperature regime and lighting, concept “proper milkweed care” includes a clear scheme:

glaze,
fertilizer,
soil fertilization,
plant cuttings.

Watering and humidity

When figuring out how to properly water spurge, you first need to understand that different stages of development of this plant correspond to different needs for soil moisture.

So, during the period of active vegetation processes, spurge needs significantly more water than in winter when it is at rest. During active growth the plant will also benefit from regular spraying of the leaves.

Did you know?In some species of milkweed, the mentioned “rest period” falls not in the autumn-winter period, but in the spring, which must be taken into account when dosing the irrigation volume.

An important role in the issue proper watering plays and the quality of the liquid used, water should be:

warm (or room temperature)
settled,
soft.

If you did not have time or forgot to defend the water - there is nothing wrong with that. Simply boil regular tap water and let it cool to room temperature. Alternative option The solution to this problem is fluid filtration.

Room euphorbia does an excellent job with dry indoor air, so it will be enough to wipe the leaves once every few weeks. None additional measures you do not need to increase the humidity.

Fertilizer and top dressing of the soil

Despite the fact that indoor euphorbia is initially planted in fertilized soil, you still have to make additional nutrients during its growth and development. As such top dressing, you can purchase ready-made fertilizers intended for cacti and succulents. Broad-spectrum formulations are also well suited.

In winter, it is better not to feed spurge, since, in fact, he does not need it during the dormant period. With the onset of spring, the plant begins to feed 50% of the concentration of mineral fertilizers.

Top dressing is a balanced nutrition of any plant, from which it receives all the necessary vitamins and microelements that contribute to its growth. rapid growth. First of all, they include root and zircon, so make sure that they are present in your chosen composition. In most cases, it is necessary to fertilize the soil from spring to autumn, feeding the plant once a month.

Euphorbia pruning

Euphorbia pruning is carried out for the same purpose as other domestic plants: to get rid of diseased and dry branches and give the crown a beautiful shape. You can complete the task with a regular knife, but it is better to use gloves.

Pruning is subject to one or several tops of the plant at once, which will help limit its growth. How exactly to form spurge is a private matter for each grower, but in most cases only the top is subject to removal. As a result of the pruning, it will be a little easier for you to care for the plant, and it will not take up much space on the windowsill.

Video: milkweed pruning, rooting, care

Milkweed safety rules

When caring for indoor milkweed, it is quite possible that you will have to come into contact with its juice (for example, when pruning), and it is quite poisonous. Once on the skin or mucous membrane of a person, the poison causes severe burning, reddening of the skin, or even blistering.

When interacting with the mucous membrane of the eyes, toxic substances cause inflammation of the conjunctiva and temporary blindness. If milkweed juice enters the body through the oral cavity, then it threatens with diarrhea, vomiting and severe pain in the abdomen. In more severe poisoning, convulsions, dizziness, circulatory disorders, or even delusional hallucinations are possible.

Therefore, when pruning the plant, be sure to use gloves that will protect your skin from contact with the poison of the plant. Just in case, prepare napkins or sheets of paper in advance, as milkweed juice is washed off very poorly.

Did you know?In the old days, Russian doctors used spurge in the treatment of rabies (rabies), the evil eye, as a laxative and nauseating agent.

Proper milkweed transplant

A grown plant may not have enough space in a familiar pot, so it must be transplanted into another container. In addition, you need to know about the rules for transplanting this plant when answering the question of how to plant indoor spurge.

First of all, it is worth remembering that change the pot from a smaller to a larger one is necessary no more than once every two years, and the selected capacity for transplantation should not be much larger than the previous one.

In most cases, it is better to transplant milkweed in the spring, which will allow the plant to recover faster and adapt to new conditions. However, spurge is bought not only in spring, but also throughout the year, so in such cases the plant will not wait for the beginning of spring.

Indoor euphorbia must be transplanted if it was bought in a shipping container or it was previously grown not in nutritious, but in special soil containing growth stimulants. Such soil is not suitable for long-term cultivation of milkweed.

The transplant process itself is no different from transplanting any other indoor plant.:

A layer of drainage is laid at the bottom of the pot,
Then the soil mixture is poured (possible options have already been described above),
And the plant itself is placed in it.

How to propagate euphorbia at home

There are several ways to breed indoor milkweed:

cuttings,
seeds,
dividing the bush.

How exactly to propagate euphorbia is decided based on the convenience of using one or another option.

cuttings

With the arrival of spring, the most convenient way Propagation of the plant is the use of stem cuttings.
Segments 12 cm long are taken from the top of the shoot (they should have several leaves). Then they are lowered into warm water, which helps to stop the secretion of milky juice, after which the cut is powdered with charcoal or ground pepper. After a few days, a protective film should form on the cut of the stem.

Prepared cuttings, pre-treated with root, are planted in a mixture of sand and peat, watered abundantly and, covered with a film, left in a bright place for rooting at a temperature of +20ºC. Full rooting of milkweed cuttings occurs within two weeks.

There is another similar method of reproduction. From an adult plant, you need to pinch off (precisely pinch off, not cut off) a leaf and, after white juice drains from it, sprinkle it with root or other root growth stimulator.

The treated cuttings are placed in a container with coarse sand, then watered and covered with a film (it must be removed daily and the soil aired to prevent the occurrence of fungal diseases). A month later, the leaves take root. Usually this method is used for breeding trihedral or white-veined milkweed.

seeds

By seed method, spherical euphorbia is most often propagated. To do this, freshly harvested seeds are sown in a mixture of leafy earth and sand calcined in the oven and abundantly watered, cover the box with foil and place in a warm and bright place ( optimum temperature+25ºC).
Seeds must be ventilated every day, and the soil should be periodically moistened (the earth should not be dry). As soon as shoots appear, and this usually happens after 2-4 months, you should wait for the appearance of two pairs of leaves and transplant the seedlings to a permanent place.

By dividing the bush

This method is very popular when propagating milkweed Mil (or milkweed brilliant). The best time to use it is early autumn or early spring. You are required to carefully remove the spurge from the pot, inspect its root system and carefully separate the roots and stems, ideally without the use of cutting objects.

If without " surgical intervention"it is not possible to do it, then before proceeding with cutting, it is necessary to sterilize the tool used, and after completing the procedure, do not forget to wash the cut with warm water (it will help stop the release of juice), sprinkle it with crushed charcoal and plant parts of the bush in different containers with pre-prepared layer of drainage and soil.

Considering that this method of reproduction is the most stressful for milkweed, in the first year you can not expect either intensive growth or abundant flowering from the plant.

Possible problems in the cultivation of milkweed

Whatever conditions you create for the full growth of milkweed, even the most responsible plant breeder often encounters certain problems when growing this plant. Among the most frequent are:

Pest problems. Most often, spurge attacks aphids, as a result of which the damaged leaves first lose their usual color, curl, and then dry out and fall off. In the fight against this scourge, the mineral treatment of the plant (if the infection is weak) or more serious drugs, such as Actellik or Fitoverm, will help you. The plant pest may also be the whitefly, which lives on the underside of the leaves and sucks out the cell sap. In this case, only insecticidal preparations can help to cope with it.
leaf fall- one more is enough common problem milkweed, which is often the result of a lack of sunlight. This means that the plant will have to urgently look for a more comfortable place in the house.
Yellowing and drying of the leaves. In most cases, this phenomenon is the result of an invasion of pests, although spurge can also react this way to a lack of moisture. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the watering.
Plant wilting. Can have many reasons ranging from negative impact insects and ending with the usual draft.

In fact, indoor spurge is just an amazing plant, and a large number of most various kinds allows you to decorate almost any room, whether office cabinet or private living room.

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Known for its wide variety. To date, there are approximately 2000 varieties of this plant, while they can be monoecious and dioecious. Euphorbia can grow in a wide variety of climates. The plant is presented in the form of a small herbaceous shrub, which in its appearance may resemble a cactus.

Another name for milkweed is euphorbia. Such an unusual name was chosen in honor of the famous scientist Euforbus, who was the first in the world to study and prove beneficial features of this plant.

Most types of flower came to us from South Africa, Congo, Ethiopia and the popular island of Madagascar. In those regions, spurge is planted near the house, thereby creating an unusual green fence.

Euphorbia is characterized by the presence of thorns and ribbed standing shoots. They, in turn, can reach a height of up to 10 meters. It is for this reason that this plant is most often grown to decorate the house.

If you are engaged in breeding milkweed at home, then the flower will not be able to grow much.

A characteristic feature of the shrub is milky juice, which begins to ooze strongly even with the slightest damage to the plant. The composition of this juice includes rubber, various amino acids, stearin, essential oils, saponins and sugars. Do not forget that some types of milkweed have a poisonous substance, such as euphorin. It can cause severe burns, as well as damage the mucous membrane of the nose, mouth and eyes. This substance also has a negative effect on the digestive system of humans and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to be as careful and attentive as possible when growing a flower.

Landing

Planting any type of milkweed is best done on open area which will be well illuminated by the rays of the sun throughout the day. If, at the same time, a slight blackout will occur, then do not worry. The plant will perfectly adapt to such growing conditions.

If you decide to start growing milkweed, then for planting, it is better to turn your attention to scaly or long-horned spurge. Both types of plants can grow and bear fruit well with proper care.

Euphorbia is very tenacious. Very often, its seeds are carried by the wind, and as a result, the plant can begin to grow in the most unexpected places. If you notice a young shoot, then be sure to transplant it into a more comfortable conditions habitat. But do not get carried away with this procedure. After all, the flower does not really like frequent “moves”.

When planting euphorbia seedlings, do not forget that it is imperative to lay at the bottom of the hole good layer drainage. For this, a slightly rotten tree bark is perfect. After that, the plant itself is placed in the hole for 1/3 part, and then it is filled with prepared soil.

You can prepare the soil yourself. This will require leafy land, peat and sand. All components are mixed in equal amounts.

When the plant is planted, it needs to be watered, and a special support should be installed next to it, which will later be used to tie the flower shoots.

Location and lighting

by the most the best place for growing milkweed is a rack or a small bookcase, which is placed on the windowsill on the southeast side.

The plant loves good lighting. Therefore, it is very important to ensure that the flower always receives the required amount of direct sunlight. With the onset of cold weather, you will need the help of lighting fixtures. So, you can use phytolamps and fluorescent lamps.

If in summer the mark on the thermometer is too high, then it is recommended to cover the window a little in order to create a shadow for the plant.

pot size

For good growth milkweed, you need to choose the right pot for him. It is believed that the replacement of this reservoir should be carried out at each transplant. So, young spurges need a transplant procedure almost every year. Older flowers can be transplanted less often - once every couple of years.

When transplanting large milkweed, you need to choose a heavy, and, at the same time, stable pot. It may not be too high, but its diameter should be sufficient so that the root system is comfortably located along the bottom of the pot.

Carry out plant transplantation flower pot without drainage holes is strictly prohibited. After all, if you water a flower at least once in such a pot, then the plant can simply die due to severe rotting of the roots.

The soil

For growing milkweed at home, soil is selected that passes air and moisture well. Its acidity should be medium.

When buying potting soil from a grow shop, preference can be given to potting soil that is used to grow cacti. If desired, the soil can be prepared independently. To do this, you will need to mix turf and leaf soil, peat, river sand and a little crushed brick in the same amount.

Before pouring the soil into the pot, a drainage layer is laid on its bottom, which must be 3 centimeters. To do this, you can use the bark of trees or expanded clay. It allows you not to stagnate liquid after watering.

Transfer

The transplant procedure for milkweed is a prerequisite for its healthy growth. To do this, you will need to purchase a flower pot with thick walls, and it is also desirable that its diameter be 2-3 centimeters larger than the previous one.

Before transplanting, drainage is placed at the bottom of the pot. Rotten tree bark or expanded clay serves perfectly as it. The thickness of the layer in this case can be from 3 to 5 centimeters.

Upon completion of the transplant, the plant is well watered. It is very important that within a few days the flower takes root in the new soil!

Fertilizers and top dressing

Euphorbia is especially in need of top dressing during the growing season. At this time, it is recommended to feed the plant once every 14 days.

Fertilizers that contain large amounts of nitrogen should be avoided. This can cause damage to the delicate stem of the flower. It is best to pay attention to fertilizers that are intended for houseplants.

When planting milkweed, it is recommended to add a little birch charcoal or rotted compost as a fertilizer.

Watering

To water this plant, it is necessary to defend the water in advance (at least 2 days). It will also not be superfluous to make the water a little warm.

In winter, the amount of watering for milkweed is significantly reduced. For certain types of these flowers, it is enough to water once a week, or once every 2-3 weeks. Monitor the state of the earth. Before watering, the soil should be slightly dry.

In summer and spring, watering is more frequent. But do not abuse the amount of liquid used. Otherwise, this can lead to rotting of the root system and the rapid death of the plant.

Also, the flower can be sprayed. If a lot of water accumulates in the pan, then it must be poured out urgently.

Temperature regime

by the most the best option The temperature for the growth of milkweed is an indicator on a thermometer of 18-26 degrees. If possible, the plant can be taken out into the fresh air (a balcony or loggia is perfect).

Euphorbia is not afraid of frequent temperature changes. But the fact that there are no drafts in the room is very important. Try to avoid placing the plant near balcony doors, air vents and air conditioners.

With the onset of winter, the temperature for flower development drops to 12-15 degrees. Such cool conditions are necessary so that the spurge can prepare for future flowering.

Air humidity

The most suitable humidity level for growing milkweed at home is considered to be 40-50%. Each species of this plant perfectly tolerates dry air. But still, in this situation, it is sometimes necessary to spray the plant.

pruning

Only those types of plants that grow in the form of a bush need pruning. It is important to remove dry branches and thin out the shoots. Carrying out such an event will greatly simplify the growth of the flower.

For the milkweed trigon, pruning is not a mandatory procedure. Their dead shoots most often fall off on their own. The same happens with leaves.

In the case of Euphorbia trianguli, the pruning procedure is considered very important and should be done annually. After all, the plant develops very quickly and branches strongly. In order not to get hurt by the grown thorns, many experts recommend regular pruning of this type of plant.

Diseases and pests

Euphorbia is well resistant to negative influences, as well as damage that pests can cause to a flower. If the plant is not properly cared for, namely, watering is very frequent and plentiful, the soil becomes wet, which makes it susceptible to various diseases.

The yellowing of the leaves in warm weather indicates frequent watering or the presence of a draft in the room. If only the lower leaves change their color, then this is an indicator of the natural death and drying of the foliage. In autumn, most often the leaves change their color due to preparation for wintering.

If on outside small spots of brown light are formed on the stem, this indicates receiving sunburn. In the presence of spots of various shapes and sizes, there is a possibility that an active process of decay of the root system of the flower is taking place.

Bloom

For each variety of milkweed, the flowering process occurs in different ways.

A blooming flower is an inflorescence in which there is only one female flower and several male ones.

In Euphorbia Mil, the opened flowers are painted in a rich red color. It is also possible to have yellow or purple flowers.

The process of active flowering can last a couple of months. In this case, self-pollination of the plant does not occur. That is why for the reproduction of milkweed, it is necessary to place other indoor flowers next to it.

reproduction

Euphorbia is propagated by seeds and cuttings.

For the second method, it is necessary to prepare cuttings, the length of which should reach 12 centimeters. At the same time, it is imperative that it contains from 3 to 5 leaves. After cutting the cutting, it is left alone for a couple of days. This is necessary in order to form a protective film on the shoot.

The stalk is planted in the sand, then left in a warm room. It is very important that the air temperature corresponds to an indicator of 18 degrees.

Propagated by seeds can only be a spherical type of plant. For this, fresh seeds are prepared and sown in soil from sand and leafy soil. In order for the seeds to ripen sooner, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of 17-18 degrees. Picking should be carried out when the first sprout 1 centimeter long appears.

rest period

Usually, the dormant period for milkweed comes with the advent of winter. It lasts from 2 to 3 months. At this time, watering is practically reduced and there is a complete rejection of the use of fertilizers and top dressing. During the dormant period, the plant is best placed in a room with a temperature of 12-14 degrees.

Plant toxicity and beneficial properties

Today, euphorbia is very often used for medical purposes. It helps to cope with a large number of diseases, including skin.

Alcohol tinctures are prepared on the basis of milkweed. They act as homeopathic remedies. Therefore, they have only a positive effect on the human body.

In addition to being considered a medicinal flower, spurge is a poisonous plant. This is due to the fact that it contains a large amount of milky juice. When breeding it at home, you must be extremely careful, both for humans and animals. This is especially true for small children. If milkweed juice enters the body, then this can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea and weakness of the body.

spurge very unusual plant. Caring for it is very simple and does not take much time. All the efforts that you will make to develop the plant will not be in vain. After all, a flower can become a savior in the event of a serious illness.

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