Various ways connections between pipes are necessary for the arrangement of pipelines that transport liquids or gases over long distances. One of the most common ways in this case is a threaded connection, which often has to be dealt with in household, household, industrial and other areas.

Varieties of pipe connections

In general, all methods of connections between pipes can be divided into two types: threadless and threaded.

Threadless connections include:

• All types of welding (acetylene, hydrogen, propane, electric welding, inert gas welding, fusion polymer pipes by heating, etc.);
• Gluing pipes with a two-component adhesive, sometimes also called “ cold welding". This method is more often used for polymer tubular products, but can also be used for steel pipes if the pressure of the transported liquids or gases in them is not too high.
• Flange connections used in cases where the structure needs to be made detachable.

As for threaded pipe connections, they are carried out both by direct connection of pipe products to each other, and through threaded tees, adapters, taps, couplings and other additional devices.

To some extent, a union nut can be considered a special version of pipe connections, which on the one hand provides a threaded connection, and on the other - a threadless one. But it would be more correct to say that there is simply a combination of two different ways.

Types of threaded connections between pipes

Like threadless methods, threaded pipe connections can also be detachable and non-detachable. Although, it would seem, any threaded structure can in principle be disassembled, there are situations when two pipes connected by a thread are additionally welded to fixed surfaces, which prevents them from being separated. In this case, we speak of a one-piece threaded connection.

However, the situation described above is rather an exception; in general, threaded methods are considered as detachable types of pipe connections. There are several varieties, but the largest practical use find two: squeegee and bidirectional thread.

The connection by means of a drive is used in cases where the pipes are motionless relative to their own axis, and one of them has a long threaded section, and the other has a short one (read also: ""). A lock nut and a coupling are screwed onto a pipe with a long thread. Next, the coupling is driven from a long thread to a short one to the very end, being pressed from the other side with a lock nut.

Bi-directional threading is carried out by using one sleeve screwed onto two pipes at the same time. Pipes connected in this way must have different orientation threads so that the coupling, twisting, pulls them together.

Methods for sealing threaded pipe joints

Sealing pipe connections is necessary to prevent leakage of liquids and gases, and in the case of threaded connections, it can be done in several ways:

• Use of pads. This method requires a sufficient thickness of pipe cuts at the ends. Pipe ends themselves usually do not provide a hermetically compressed connection, but the use of gaskets makes it possible to eliminate this problem. In particular, this sealing option is often used in union nut connections.
• Winders for carving. With this method, the thread is sealed by tying all sorts of winding materials: polymer threads and tapes, pipe compounds and other types of hardening sealants, sealing pastes and lubricants, natural or artificial fibers, etc.
• Sealing by deformation of materials. This option is used in plastic pipelines. low pressure connected with a thread. A plastic pipe, equipped with an external thread, is screwed with an emphasis into another, in which the thread is located inside. With this screwing, the plastic undergoes deformation and fills the intermediate threaded space well, leaving practically no gaps.

As for connecting pipelines high pressure, then it is usually used here conical type threaded pipe connections (read also: ""). With this method, as it is screwed in, one pipe is pressed against the other more and more tightly, leaving almost no intermediate gaps between the threaded grooves. However, additional sealing is still required for such pipes, and especially durable varieties of synthetic sealants are used here.

Advantages and disadvantages of threaded pipe connections

Different types of pipe connections have their own specifics, pros and cons. Threaded connections of pipelines are no exception, which also have certain advantages and disadvantages.

The main advantages of threaded pipe connections are as follows:

• suitable for connecting pipes with various diameters;
• assembly does not require much experience and special professionalism, it is enough to have little skills in this area;
• no need for a set special tools, and it suffices to have a simple wrench;
• the connection is resistant to high axial loads;
• convenient in the event that subsequently it is necessary to dismantle the structure;
• when using seals and observing the installation rules, it provides good tightness and reliability of the connection.

Disadvantages of threaded connections between pipes:

• in the absence of a thread on the product, it may be difficult to apply it, and for this there is a need for special tools;
• rapid thread wear with frequent disassembly and assembly of the connection;
• in some cases, there is a need to use locking means that prevent the gradual self-unscrewing of the thread.

The pros and cons of certain connections between pipes determine the preferred areas for their use. IN in general terms, we can say that all types of pipe connections are in demand, and the choice of one method or another in a particular situation depends on a number of factors, such as technical capabilities, material of manufacture, the availability of the necessary skills, tools, the need for certain properties of the connection, etc.

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Pipe connection methods: an overview of current options

Classification of connection methods

All known compounds are conditionally divided into two general types:

• One-piece - welding, gluing, installation of press fittings, sealing sockets, etc.;
• Detachable - threaded, collet, flange, socket without sealing with cement mortars, etc.

That is, communications assembled using detachable connections, if necessary, can be disassembled, which simplifies the repair and maintenance of the pipeline. Conversely, a one-piece assembly does not allow disassembling and subsequently assembling the docking unit.

Assembly by welding

Welding is used to assemble pipelines from both metal and plastic pipes. In both cases, the connection shows a high degree tightness and strength.

The difference when working with metal and polymeric materials is that in the first case, high-temperature welding is used, and in the second case, low-temperature welding.

The welding methods used today are conditionally divided into the following groups:

• melting method - the edges of the parts to be welded are heated to the melting temperature and combined to form a non-separable sealed seam;
• the pressure method is performed by moving the ends of parts under high pressure with or without heating.

Which of the methods listed in the diagram can be applied at home with your own hands?

For Assembly metal pipes do-it-yourself wires are used gas and arc electric welding.

Before welding the pipes, the joints are washed with a solution of caustic soda and water to remove grease. In addition, it performs mechanical restoration end face with a file, which removes burrs and other edge irregularities.

Arc welding is performed using electrodes - consumable (tungsten) or non-consumable (carbon). When using non-consumable electrodes, an additional filler material is used, which melts and fills the weld cavity.

Gas welding is carried out using filler material only. I.e mounting surfaces are combined, and the gap is filled with melted filler material.

Welding of plastic pipes, depending on the configuration of the pipeline, is performed in a socket (end to end) or butt.

Socket welding is carried out by means of simultaneous heating outer surface one end and the inner surface of the other end. Then, until the heated surfaces have cooled down, the narrow end is pushed into the socket. This technology is known for soldering household pipelines from.

Butt welding is performed by melting the edges of the ends, after which they are connected with force. Both methods achieve tightness finished construction, but socket welding guarantees more high strength and durability.

Connections without welding

Despite the fact that the welded pipe joint provides high reliability and durability of the joint, its use is not always possible. In this case, non-welded connection methods are used.

Consider the most common pipe joining methods that can be used to build domestic pipelines.

Threaded connection

Threaded pipe connection is a classic solution that has been used effectively for several centuries. This method of connecting metal pipes is good because you can do it yourself from beginning to end. , using a simple locksmith tool, the price of which is low.

The essence of a threaded connection is that an external thread is cut at the end of the pipe. On another structural element - a fitting is cut internal thread. As a result, a pipe with an external thread is screwed into a part with an internal thread.

For threading, a special tool is used - dies. Due correct selection bits can be threaded with desired diameter and step.

The main condition for the tightness of the connection is the correspondence between the pitch of the internal and external threads. Insignificant micro-gaps are compensated for by the use of special seals, such as traditional tow or modern fum-tape and elastic.

Threaded pipeline installation instructions are as follows:

• We try on the fitting to the end of the pipe and make a mark to which the thread will reach;
• We mount the pipe in a vice to avoid distortions when threading;
• We install the dies and turn two turns clockwise and one turn counterclockwise;
• After the threading is finished, we clean the end face from burrs and chips and try to wind the fitting;
• If the connection is successful, we disassemble the knot and assemble it again, using winding from tow or fum tape.

Threading thins the pipe walls near the end. Therefore, the installation of the route must be carried out in such a way that no mechanical load is exerted on the threaded connection.

American - a type of connection using a union nut

The American pipe connection is used when joining the pipeline with water meters and plumbing fixtures. The popularity of the "American" is due to ease of use and reliability.

The American device is simple:

• but one of the joined ends is a union nut with a polymer or rubber sealing ring inside;
• the other mating end has an external thread corresponding to the thread of the nut;
• when docking the assembly, a nut is screwed onto the end with an external thread and the more it is tightened, the stronger the end rests against the sealing ring.

The connection belongs to the category of collapsible conditionally, since each dismantling and reassembly thins the sealing gasket, which negatively affects the tightness.

Application of push-in fittings with swivel nut

Collet connection of pipes is used when working with metal-layer. Despite the fact that the method is modern, the use of metal-plastic pipes with such fittings is gradually being replaced by more practical non-separable compression fittings.

The push-in fitting consists of the following parts:

• Collet - metal shank with rubber sealing rings;
• Crimp ring, which is tightened on the pipe and thus ensures the strength of the connection;
• A cap nut that tightens the ferrule.

Due to rubber O-rings on the collet at correct installation the fitting ensures optimal tightness without the need to use fum-tape or tow.

The assembly instructions for the pipeline using collet fittings are as follows:

• The pipe is cut with a special cutter;
• A union nut is put on the pipe open side in the direction of the end, and behind it is a crimp ring;
• The pipe is put on the shank until it stops;
• The compression ring is pushed to the end of the pipe;
• The union nut is screwed onto the fitting.

It is believed that the collet connection is collapsible, but this is not entirely true. From each subsequent dismantling and installation, the sealing rubber rings are destroyed, which negatively affects the tightness. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out the installation of push-in fittings without the prospect of subsequent dismantling.

A separate type of fitting with a union nut is used to connect HDPE pipes. During installation, the polyethylene pipe is inserted into the body of the plastic fitting, and the compression ring and union nut tighten the entire structure ensuring the tightness of the connection.

Application of press fittings

Press fittings are used for mounting metal-plastic pipes. Using a compression press fitting is an order of magnitude easier than using an analogue with a union nut, but there are a couple of points that you need to pay attention to.

Firstly, the press fitting after crimping forms a non-separable connection, which can be redone by cutting the pipe and using a new part.

Secondly, to make a crimp connection, you need special pliers, which evenly compress the sleeve around the entire perimeter. Since special pliers are categorized professional tool their price is high. This means that buying pliers for one-time use during the construction of a pipeline in an apartment is unprofitable.

The design of the press fitting consists of the following elements:

• Body made of brass;
• Rubber sealing rings;
• Crimp sleeve made of stainless steel.

Pipe connection instructions are as follows:

• The pipe is cut under right size special cutter;
• The end face is inserted into the sleeve with force until it stops;
• The sleeve is compressed.

Union fitting application

The fitting pipe connection is collapsible, and the subsequent dismantling and installation of the fitting does not affect the tightness of the connection. The assembly assembly consists of a fitting - a sleeve with a restrictive collar and thread, a union nut and a sealing ring.

The fitting assembly instructions are as follows:

• a union nut and a sealing ring are put on the fitting;
• the fitting is installed close to the threaded pipe;
• the union nut, dressed on the fitting, is screwed onto the docked pipe.

Mobile connection

Sometimes the use of conventional fittings does not allow pipes to be joined at the required angle. The solution to the problem is the swivel connection of pipes, through which it is possible not only to position the pipes at the desired angle, but also, if necessary, change this angle.

Special fittings are used for the swivel connection, one half of which remains stationary after installation, while the other half can change position within the restrictive backstage. The movable part of the fitting moves from side to side by 50-90 degrees and moves in a circular motion along the radius of the limiter.

Despite the mobility, the connection has a certain resource. Therefore, you should not change the angle of the pipe fastening too often and without special need.

Connection with clamps

Grooved non-welded pipe connection is used if you need to quickly join metal pipes large diameter.

When assembling pipelines, special equipment is used - a roll groover, which profiles the butted ends. The tightening collar clings to the grooves made at the end and thus the required tightness of the assembly is ensured.

Use of high pressure hoses (HPH)

In certain situations, the construction of rigid pipelines is impractical. In this case, flexible high-pressure hose connectors are used.

The high pressure hose is a multilayer hose with a metal wire braid. End fittings are used at the ends of the hose, designed for threaded connection by means of a union nut. End fittings are attached to the hose by crimping metal sleeves.

The operation of the high pressure hose allows regular changes in the direction of the pipeline without compromising the integrity of the hose and fastening fittings.

Output

Now you have general idea about what methods can be used when assembling pipelines. As usual, the details of interest can be found by watching the video in this article.

By the way, if you know other ways of joining pipes that I did not indicate in the article, tell us about them in your comments on what you read.

used in the construction of pipelines different kinds pipe connections. In order to simplify installation and increase the reliability of the joints, some manufacturers produce sockets equipped with fixed connecting rubber rings. Further, we propose in our article to consider in detail what pipe installation work is and what is required for this.

Detachable pipe connection methods

All plumbing pipe connections can be divided into 2 types:

• detachable;
• one-piece.

The choice in favor of one or another type is based on what material the pipes are made of. Plug connections pipes are divided into flanged and coupling.

Flanged connection method

Flange connection is used when connecting PVC pipes. In this case, flange fasteners made of cast iron with a rubber gasket are used. The sequence of work is as follows:

1. at the junction, the pipe is cut, the cut should be perfectly even, the chamfer can be omitted;
2. a free flange is put on the cut;
3. the rubber gasket is inserted so that it protrudes from the cut by 10 cm;
4. the flange is superimposed on the gasket and connected to it with bolts with counter flanges;
5. bolts are fixed without any extra effort.

Coupling method of connection

To connect non-pressure and pressure pipes, as well as when repairing a pipeline, pipes are connected by a socket connection. The coupling is installed in the following order:

1. the ends of the connected elements are cut at an angle of 90 0;
2. a coupling is applied to the place of alignment, the central part of which should be exactly at the junction of the pipes;
3. marks are applied to the pipes indicating the position of the coupling;
4. the connected ends of the pipe and the coupling are treated with a special lubricant from the inside;
5. one of the pipes is inserted into the coupling to the limit;
6. then the pipes are installed so that their longitudinal axis is one, joined, the coupling is pushed onto the second pipe, according to the line applied to it at the beginning of the installation.

General rules for the installation of pipelines

In practice, the connection of pipeline elements is as follows.

Installation is carried out manually. The lever for positioning the pipes is a crowbar, between it and the pipes it is necessary to provide wooden spacer. If the lever is not able to cope with its task, experts advise using a jack.

After the construction of the pipeline, the correct placement in the socket is checked gasket. A thin metal plate (0.5-0.8 mm thick) is inserted between the socket and the smooth end. The plate should touch the rubber ring. Next, the plate moves around the circumference of the pipe, and as a result, the location of the ring in the socket is estimated: the distance from it to the plate must be uniform over the entire circumference.

If the installation or repair of the pipeline is carried out at sub-zero temperatures, special care should be taken in work and only silicone grease should be used.

Pro tip: If the installation of the pipeline by the socket method is carried out in a residential (warm) room, then the smooth end of the pipe and the socket can be lubricated with liquid soap.

One-piece pipe connection methods

Socket connection method

Socket connection sewer pipes refers to non-detachable types of connection. With one-piece methods, the separation of the pipeline elements is carried out in violation of the integrity of the fastener or pipe. It is carried out by gluing or welding. Using this method, follow the instructions:

1. the socket with the rubber ring of one pipe and the smooth end of the other are subject to connection. The marked parts are cleaned of dirt, the absence of various damages is checked on them. Rubber gasket in the socket must be placed correctly and not have any defects. The chamfer is removed from the smooth end;

1. surfaces to be joined are lubricated silicone grease, after that the settling of dust and dirt on them is unacceptable;
2. the location of the combined pipes is regulated (they must have one longitudinal axis), the smooth end is inserted into the socket;
3. the depth of advance is marked on the pipe with a mounting mark, beyond which it is not recommended to push the pipe.

Connection by welding

Permanent connections, as mentioned above, are performed by welding or gluing. Currently, there are two types of welding:

• butt;
• socket

When welding pipes into a socket welding machine at the same time, the outer part of the smooth end of one pipe is melted and inner surface bell another. After the pipeline details are quickly connected.

Butt welding involves melting the ends of the pipes to be joined and connecting them with the application of moderate pressure.

Welding pipes is a very difficult job that requires specialized equipment. Because of this, not all types of welding are available for home use. The most common of them are arc and gas electric welding. Before the beginning welding work preliminary preparations are being made.

Preparatory measures include washing the oily parts of the pipes with a solution of caustic soda (caustic soda), after which - warm water. The places of the future connection are processed with a file (edges are cut off) and a solvent.

Operating principle welding equipment, producing gas welding, elementary. The gas, when burned, forms a flame that melts the filler material and forms a welded joint. A wire is used as filler material, which is laid in the distance between the pipe surfaces to be joined. By means of gas welding, metal and polymer pipes can be connected.

In electric arc welding, pipes are connected using consumable or non-consumable (carbon or tungsten) electrodes. If non-consumable electrodes are selected, filler material is also injected.

Qualified welding work guarantees the absence of fistulas and other flaws, and the welded joint is hardly noticeable.

Pro tip: The welding method of connecting with a pipeline element gives a more reliable and durable connection compared to gluing.

Pipe bonding

There is another way to make a permanent connection - adhesive connection pipes. If you decide to resort to this method, for this you will need a special glue that will coat the glued pipe edges. Depending on which surfaces are to be bonded, The following types of glue are used:

• for connecting metal and polymer parts - epoxy glue;
• for plastic and metal pipes - BF-2;
• "metal + rubber" or "rubber + rubber" - 88N.

Gluing is used to connect PVC pipes to each other. Do it in the following sequence:

• Sand the surfaces of the pipes to be joined, degrease special composition based on methylene chloride.
• The degreasing kit may include a special adhesive for PVC sewer pipes, which degreases and slightly dissolves the pipes for a stronger and more durable connection.
• Then the prepared edges of the pipes are covered with a swab or brush with glue and inserted into each other. At correct connection at the junction, a roller of glue stands out.
• Lubricate the pipe joint again with glue to ensure high tightness.

The operation of pipelines and their reliability largely depends on how well the pipes were connected to fittings, fittings, compensators and other necessary details. Connections are the most important detail pipelines, so they are subject to the most stringent requirements. In most cases, when assembling pipelines, a tight connection of pipes is necessary to prevent leakage of the transported medium.

The choice of connection type depends on many factors. Firstly, it is the material from which the pipes are made. Today pipes are used polymer materials, steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metal, glass, ceramics, etc.

Secondly, the characteristics of the transported medium - whether it is liquid or gaseous, neutral or aggressive. Thirdly, the operating conditions of pipelines. Whether they will be pressure or gravity flow, whether they are laid indoors or down the street, etc. Let's consider what types of connections modern installers use.

Welded joints

To create technical pipelines, most often, non-separable pipe connections are required. The main method of connecting pipelines is welding. Pipes are welded not only from metal, but also from other materials - plastic, glass.

Compound copper pipes carried out by soldering. By means of welding, connections of shaped pipes with square section. There are two types of welding, which are divided depending on the method of physical impact on the material. Allocate:

• Fusion welding.
• Pressure welding.

Depending on the type of equipment used for welding, there are:

• Manual welding.
• Automatic welding.
• semi-automatic welding.

There are many various techniques joints of parts to be welded, but most often the electric arc method is used. A pipe butt joint or lap joint is used.

Threaded connections

Welding work is not always possible to perform, so the question often arises, how to connect pipes without welding? It should be noted that there are many such methods. For example, the connection can be made on a thread.

The thread on steel pipes is applied by cutting on a machine or using a die. If it is necessary to thread pipes with a small wall thickness, then the knurling method is used. It must be said that the threaded connection of pipes is able to provide good tightness and strength. Of course, subject to the assembly technology.

Benefits of threaded connections

• They are easy to assemble and easy to use when repairs are needed.
• Installation does not require the use of special tools - welding equipment, soldering irons, etc.
• The assembled structure can be easily dismantled and then reassembled using a conventional wrench.
• Using a threaded adapter fitting, you can connect pipes different diameter.

Pipe connections without welding

There are other ways to connect pipes without welding. The choice of method will depend on what type of pipes you plan to use. All existing pipes can be divided into two types:

• Flexible. This group includes pipes made of polymeric materials - polypropylene, polyethylene, metal-plastic.
• Rigid. This type of pipes does not differ in elasticity, they include pipes made of steel, non-ferrous metals, cast iron, PVC.

Advice! The fact is that when connecting rigid pipes, you can get by with a smaller engagement area of ​​the connecting parts than is necessary when installing flexible pipes.

Connection of flexible pipes without welding

To do without the use of welding, pipe fittings are often used. Subject to use flexible pipes it is necessary to use special connecting elements having large area engagement.

In practice, the fitting connection is used for pipes of small and medium diameters (from 20 to 315 mm), for pipes big size this method is unprofitable from an economic point of view. And the strength of the fitting connection on large diameter pipes does not meet the requirements.

For connection polyethylene pipes(HDPE) often use compression fittings. This is a simple and cost-effective way to perform installation. But for pipes of medium diameter, a coupling connection is recommended.

As already mentioned, rigid pipes can be connected by threading, but threadless connection of steel pipes is no less often used. When using rigid pipes, joints without welding are allowed to be used over a larger diameter range (up to 600 mm).

IN installation work items such as pipe couplings are often used. Coupling pipes are used to assemble pipelines that differ in diameter. With the help of the coupling, it is possible to dock elements made of different materials.

Advice! The connection of pipes with a coupling allows you to obtain high-quality and durable connections that are distinguished by high performance characteristics.

At the junction of pipes with nozzles, a threadless flange connection is often used. It is rational to use the same type of installation in those sections of the pipeline where periodic replacement of parts or disassembly is necessary. The connection consists of two mating flanges, connecting nuts and bolts, and an o-ring.

Specific compounds

To solve certain production tasks sometimes have to apply special ways installation. In addition, special connection methods may be recommended for the installation of pipelines made of certain materials. When installing a plastic pipeline, the gluing method is used. In this case, an integral connection is formed, created using a special adhesive composition.

Swivel joints

Sometimes a conventional fitting does not allow the pipes to be joined at the desired angle. Swivel pipes will help solve the problem. The swivel joint of pipes helps not only to position the pipes at the desired angle, but also to change this angle if necessary.

Swivel connection of pipes is carried out using a special fitting: one part of it remains stationary, and the second can move in a circular motion along the radius. The swivel joint of pipes has a certain resource, so you should not constantly change the angle of the pipes for no reason.

Socket connections

The socket connection of pipes can be detachable or not. This mounting method is usually used to assemble free-flow pipelines from plastic pipes or cast iron. When assembling cast iron pipelines use non-removable socket connections.

The sealing of the sockets is carried out using elastic ( silicone sealant, bituminous mastic) or hardening ( cement mortar, sulfur) substances.

Quick connectors

When performing the installation of pipelines, which, according to operating conditions, will often be disassembled, special quick couplings for pipes are used. Among these compounds:

• Clamps with fixing wedge.
• Connection cam like Camlok (Camlok).
• ISO connections.
• A grooved connection is a docking using a special clamp.
• The connection of the profile pipe can be bolted.

All variants of quick-disconnect connections (brs) for pipes are easy to install and provide a high degree of connection reliability. During the construction of pipelines industrial use use special types of connections. Including telescopic connection for pipes of different diameters. For profile pipes apply bolted connection. The connection of pipes to bolts belongs to the category of quick-release.

Connections of a pipe hose using fittings, one end of which is made in the form of a fitting. This pipe is inserted into the end of the hose and secured with a clamp. Such a hose-to-pipe connection is reliable.

So, when installing pipelines, they use the most different types connections. The choice of the best is carried out taking into account many factors. So, to create the most strong connections Welding or use of flanges is recommended. Where the possibility of disassembly during operation is provided, it is more advantageous to use a fitting or collet connection of pipes.

During construction and repair work polymer pipes are very often used. Affordable price and easy installation make them one of the most sought-after materials in modern construction. Despite the fact that plastic structures are quite easy to install, connecting pipes to each other often causes difficulties. To fulfill necessary work on their own without resorting to the help of specialists, you should choose the right suitable way construction connections.

Depending on the type of polymer, the size of the required structure and the purpose of the finished pipeline, the most suitable type connections: in a socket, with glue, in a carving, temperature welding.

The method of connection "in the bell" is used when the water in future system will move without pressure. This method is suitable for the installation of sewers and other gravity systems.

Glue is used to more tightly fix the surface. This method can be used both for classical installation and for connecting plastic and polymer pipes.

Method threaded connection suitable for working with pipes made of heterogeneous materials - it can be used when installing systems made of metal and plastic. The thread is made on a metal piece of pipe and connected to other pieces of the system.

The plastic part of the structure is not affected, otherwise the pipe may burst and lead to breakage of the entire system as a whole.

Temperature molecular welding allows you to heat up the edges of pipe joints and connect them with virtually no seam.

Such structures are quite strong and durable, as they are connected on special units.

Cold-joined pipes require no special equipment and are easy to install with a crimp wrench, fasteners and compression fittings.

The easiest way to connect plastic structures- using conventional adapters.

This method is effectively used when joining metal and plastic pipe, when repairing a part sewer system or plumbing.