Installation height of manual fire detectors sp. Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules. to the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia
MINISTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR CIVIL DEFENSE, EMERGENCIES AND DISASTER RELIEF
SET OF RULES
SP 5.13130 as amended in 2016
Official edition
Foreword
Goals and principles of standardization in Russian Federation established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation", and the rules for applying sets of rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for developing and approving sets of rules" of November 19, 2008 No. 858
About the set of rules
1 DEVELOPED FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
2 INTRODUCED technical committee according to standardization TC 274 "Fire safety"
4 REGISTERED federal agency for technical regulation and metrology
5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Information about changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also placed in information system common use- on the official website of the developer (FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia) on the Internet
EMERCOM of Russia, 2009 FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, 2009
This set of rules may not be fully or partially reproduced, duplicated and distributed as official publication on the territory of the Russian Federation without the permission of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia and FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
1 Scope ...............................1
3 Terms and definitions....................3
4 General provisions....................9
5 Water and foam fire extinguishing installations .............................. 10
6 Fire-fighting systems with high-expansion foam....................................27
7 Robotic fire complex ..................................28
8 Gas extinguishing installations...............................30
9 Modular type powder fire extinguishing installations....................................37
10 Aerosol fire extinguishing installations...............................39
11 Standalone installations firefighting...................43
12 Control equipment for fire-extinguishing installations...............................43
13 Systems fire alarm....................48
14 Interrelation of fire alarm systems with other systems and engineering equipment objects...................59
15 Power supply for fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations .................................60
16 Protective earth and nulling. Safety Requirements..............................61
17 General considerations for selection technical means fire automatics .............. 62
Annex A List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to
protection by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms..................................................63
Annex B Groups of premises (production and technological processes) according to the degree of danger of fire development, depending on their functional purpose
and fire load of combustible materials...............................70
Appendix C Methodology for calculating the parameters of AFS for surface fire extinguishing with water
and low expansion foam.......................71
Annex D Methodology for calculating the parameters of fire extinguishing installations of high expansion
foam............79
Annex D Initial data for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agents .............................. 80
Annex E Methodology for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agent for installations
gas fire extinguishing when extinguishing by volumetric method .................................. 83
Appendix G Methodology for hydraulic calculation of carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installations
low pressure.................................85
Appendix H Methodology for calculating the opening area for relieving excess pressure in rooms protected by gas fire extinguishing installations .................................................................. 88
Annex I General provisions for the calculation of powder fire extinguishing installations of a modular type .............................................. 89
Annex K Method of calculation automatic installations aerosol fire extinguishing .............................. 92
Annex L Methodology for calculating overpressure when supplying fire extinguishing aerosol
indoors..................96
Appendix M Selection of types of fire detectors depending on the purpose of the protected premises and the type of fire load .............................................................. 97
Annex H Locations for installation of manual fire detectors, depending on the purpose
buildings and premises...................98
Annex O Determination of the set time for detecting a malfunction and its
Troubleshooting...................99
Annex II Distances from top point overlapping to the measuring element of the detector...............................100
Annex R Techniques for improving the reliability of the fire signal .............................................. 101
Bibliography...................102
SET OF RULES
Systems fire protection
FIRE ALARM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATIONS, AUTOMATIC
Design norms and rules
Systems of fire protection.
Automatic fire-extinguishing and alarm systems. Designing and regulations.
Introduction date 2009-05-01
1 area of use
1.1 This set of rules was developed in accordance with articles 42, 45, 46, 54, 83, 84, 91, 103, 104, 111-116 of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ " Technical regulation about the requirements fire safety", is an normative document on fire safety in the field of standardization of voluntary use and establishes norms and rules for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.
1.2 This set of rules applies to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems for buildings and structures for various purposes, including those built in areas with special climatic and natural conditions. The need to use fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations is determined in accordance with Appendix A, standards, codes of practice and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.
1.3 This set of rules does not apply to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations:
Buildings and structures designed according to special standards,
Technological installations located outside buildings,
Warehouse buildings with mobile racks,
Warehouse buildings for storing products in aerosol packaging,
Warehouse buildings with a cargo storage height of more than 5.5 m.
1.4 This set of rules does not apply to the design of fire extinguishing installations for extinguishing class D fires (according to GOST 27331), as well as chemically active substances and materials, including:
Reactive with explosive fire extinguishing agent (organoaluminum compounds, alkali metals),
Decomposing upon interaction with a fire extinguishing agent with the release of combustible gases (organolithium compounds, lead azide, aluminum, zinc, magnesium hydrides),
Interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with a strong exothermic effect (sulfuric acid, titanium chloride, thermite),
Self-igniting substances (sodium hydrosulfite, etc.).
1.5 This set of rules can be used in the development of special specifications for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems.
Official edition
This set of rules uses Normative references to the following standards:
GOST R 50588-93 Foam agents for extinguishing fires. General technical requirements and test methods
GOST R 50680-94 Automatic water fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 50800-95 Automatic foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 50969-96 Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51043-2002 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Sprinklers. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51046-97 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishing aerosol generators. Types and basic parameters
GOST R 51049-2008 Fire fighting equipment. Fire pressure hoses. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51052-2002 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51057-2001 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishers are portable. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST 51091-97 Automatic powder fire extinguishing installations. Types and basic parameters
GOST R 51115-97 Fire fighting equipment. Trunks fire monitors combined. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51737-2001 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Detachable pipeline couplings. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51844-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire cabinets. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53278-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire valves. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53279-2009 Connecting heads for fire fighting equipment. Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GOST R 53280.3 Automatic fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing agents. Part 3. Gas extinguishing agents. Test Methods
GOST R 53280.4-2009 Automatic fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing agents. Part 4. Fire extinguishing powders general purpose. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53281-2009 Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. modules and batteries. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53284-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishing aerosol generators. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53315-2009 Cable products. fire safety requirements. Test methods GOST R 53325-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Technical means of fire automatics. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53331-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Trunks fire manual. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53329-2009 Robotized water and foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST 2.601-95 ESKD Operational documents
GOST 9.032-74 ESZKS Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations GOST 12.0.001-82 SSBT Basic provisions
GOST 12.0.004-90 SSBT Organization of labor safety training. General provisions GOST 12.1.004-91 Fire safety. General requirements
GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air working area GOST 12.1.019-79 SSBT Electrical safety. General requirements and nomenclature of types of protection
GOST 12.1.030-81 SSBT Electrical safety. Protective grounding, grounding GOST 12.1.033-81 SSBT Fire safety. Terms and definitions GOST 12.1.044-89 SSBT Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indicators and methods for their determination
GOST 12.2.003-91 SSBT Industrial equipment. General safety requirements. GOST 12.2.007.0-75 SSBT Electrical products. General safety requirements GOST 12.2.047-86 SSBT fire fighting equipment. Terms and Definitions
GOST 12.2.072-98 Industrial robots. Robotic technological complexes. Safety requirements and test methods
GOST 12.3.046-91 SSBT Automatic fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements
GOST 12.4.009-83 SSBT Fire equipment for the protection of facilities. Main views, accommodation and service
GOST R 12.4.026-2001 SSBT Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. Purpose and rules of application. General technical requirements and characteristics. Test Methods
GOST 3262-75 Steel water-gas pipes. Specifications GOST 8732-78 Seamless hot-formed steel pipes. Assortment GOST 8734-75 Cold-formed seamless steel pipes. Assortment GOST 10704-91 Straight-seam electric-welded steel pipes. Assortment GOST 14202-69 Pipelines industrial enterprises. Identification painting, warning signs and labels
GOST 14254-96 Degrees of protection provided by shells
GOST 15150-69 Machinery, instruments and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors
GOST 21130-75 Electrical products. Grounding clamps and grounding signs. Design and dimensions
GOST 23511-79 Industrial radio interference from electrical devices operated in residential buildings or connected to their electrical networks. Norms and methods of measurement GOST 27331-87 Fire fighting equipment. Fire classification
GOST 28130-89 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishers, fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations. Conditional graphic symbols
GOST 28338-89* Piping connections and fittings. Conditional passages (nominal dimensions). ranks
Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards, sets of rules and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which is published on as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly published information indexes published in current year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent that this reference is not affected.
3 Terms and definitions
In this set of rules, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:
3.1 automatic start of the fire extinguishing installation: Starting the installation from its technical means without human intervention.
3.2 automatic fire extinguishing installation (AFS): A fire extinguishing installation that automatically operates when the controlled fire factor (factors) exceeds the established threshold values in the protected area.
SP 5.13130.2009
SET OF RULES
Fire protection systems
FIRE ALARM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATIONS, AUTOMATIC
Design norms and rules
Systems of fire protection. Automatic fire-extinguishing and alarm systems. Design and regulations
OKS 13.220.10 OKP 48 5487
Introduction date 2009-05-01
Foreword
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On technical regulation", and the rules for applying sets of rules - Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for the development and approval of sets of rules" dated November 19, 2008 N 858
About the set of rules
1 DEVELOPED FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 274 "Fire Safety"
4 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Information about changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the developer (FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia) on the Internet
INTRODUCED Amendment No. 1, approved and put into effect Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia of 01.06.2011 N 274 from 06/20/2011
Change #1 was made by the database manufacturer
1 area of use
1.1 This set of rules has been developed in accordance with articles 42 , 45 , 46 , 54 , 83 , 84 , 91 , 103 , 104 , 111 -116 Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-
Federal Law "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements", is a regulatory document on fire safety in the fieldstandardization of voluntary use and establishes norms and rules for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.
1.2 This set of rules applies to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations for buildings and structures for various purposes, including those being built in areas with special climatic and natural conditions. The need to use fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations is determined in accordance with Appendix A, standards, codes of practice and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.
1.3 This set of rules does not apply to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations:
- buildings and structures designed according to special standards;
- technological installations located outside buildings;
- warehouse buildings with mobile racks;
- warehouse buildings for storing products in aerosol packaging;
- warehouse buildings with a cargo storage height of more than 5.5 m.
1.4 This set of rules does not apply to the design of fire extinguishing installations for extinguishing class D fires (according to GOST 27331), as well as chemically active substances and materials, including:
- reacting with a fire extinguishing agent with an explosion (organoaluminum compounds, alkali metals);
- decomposing when interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with the release of combustible gases (organolithium compounds, lead azide, aluminum, zinc, magnesium hydrides);
- interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with a strong exothermic effect (sulfuric acid, titanium chloride, thermite);
- spontaneously combustible substances (sodium hydrosulfite, etc.).
1.5 This set of rules can be used in the development of special specifications for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.
This code of practice uses normative references to the following standards:
GOST R 50588-93 Foam agents for extinguishing fires. General technical requirements and test methods
GOST R 50680-94 Automatic water fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 50800-95 Automatic foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 50969-96 Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51043-2002 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Sprinklers. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51046-97 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishing aerosol generators. Types and basic parameters
GOST R 51049-2008 Fire fighting equipment. Fire pressure hoses. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51052-2002 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51057-2001 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishers are portable. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST 51091-97 Automatic powder fire extinguishing installations. Types and basic parameters
GOST R 51115-97 Fire fighting equipment. Trunks fire monitors combined. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51737-2001 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Detachable pipeline couplings. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 51844-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire cabinets. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53278-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire valves. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53279-2009 Connecting heads for fire fighting equipment. Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GOST R 53280.3 Automatic fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing agents. Part 3. Gas extinguishing agents. Test Methods
GOST R 53280.4-2009 Automatic fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing agents. Part 4. General purpose fire extinguishing powders. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53281-2009 Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. modules and batteries. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53284-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishing aerosol generators. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53315-2009 Cable products. fire safety requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53325-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Technical means of fire automatics. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53331-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Trunks fire manual. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST R 53329-2009 Robotic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods
GOST 2.601-95 ESKD Operational documents GOST 9.032-74 ESKS Paint coatings. Groups, technical
requirements and designations GOST 12.0.001-82 SSBT Basic provisions
GOST 12.0.004-90 SSBT Organization of labor safety training. General provisions
GOST 12.1.004-91 Fire safety. General requirements GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General sanitary and hygienic requirements for
working area air GOST 12.1.019-79 SSBT Electrical safety. General requirements and
nomenclature of types of protection GOST 12.1.030-81 SSBT Electrical safety. protective earth,
zeroing GOST 12.1.033-81 SSBT Fire safety. Terms and Definitions
GOST 12.1.044-89 SSBT Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indicators and methods for their determination
GOST 12.2.003-91 SSBT Industrial equipment. General safety requirements
GOST 12.2.007.0-75 SSBT Electrical products. General safety requirements
GOST 12.2.047-86 SSBT Fire fighting equipment. Terms and definitions GOST 12.2.072-98 Industrial robots. robotic
technological complexes. Safety requirements and test methods
GOST 12.3.046-91 SSBT Automatic fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements
GOST 12.4.009-83 SSBT Fire equipment for the protection of objects. Main views, accommodation and service
GOST R 12.4.026-2001 SSBT Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. Purpose and rules of application. General technical requirements and characteristics. Test Methods
GOST 3262-75 Steel water-gas pipes. Specifications GOST 8732-78 Seamless hot-formed steel pipes.
Assortment GOST 8734-75 Cold-formed seamless steel pipes.
Assortment GOST 10704-91 Electric-welded straight-seam steel pipes.
Assortment GOST 14202-69 Pipelines of industrial enterprises.
Identification coloration, warning signs and labels GOST 14254-96 Degrees of protection provided by casings GOST 15150-69 Machinery, instruments and other technical products.
Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors
GOST 21130-75 Electrical products. Grounding clamps and grounding signs. Design and dimensions
GOST 23511-79 Industrial radio interference from electrical devices operated in residential buildings or connected to their electrical networks. Norms and methods of measurements
GOST 27331-87 Fire fighting equipment. Classification of fires GOST 28130-89 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishers, installations
fire fighting and fire alarm systems. Conditional graphic symbols
GOST 28338-89* Piping connections and fittings. Conditional passages (nominal dimensions). ranks
Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the effect of reference standards, sets of rules and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which is published on as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly published information indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent that this reference is not affected.
3 Terms and definitions
In this set of rules, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:
3.1 automatic start of the fire extinguishing installation: Starting the installation from its technical means without human intervention.
3 . 2 automatic installation |
firefighting |
Installation |
||
firefighting, |
automatically |
triggered |
excess |
|
controlled by the fire factor (factors) of the established threshold values in the protected area.
3 . 3 automatic water feeder: A water feeder that automatically provides the pressure in the pipelines necessary for the operation of the control units.
3 . 4 automatic fire detector: fire detector,
reacting to the factors accompanying the fire.
3 . 5 autonomous fire extinguishing installation: fire extinguishing installation,
automatically performing the functions of detecting and extinguishing a fire, regardless of external sources power supply and control systems.
3 . 6 autonomous fire detector: fire detector,
responding to a certain level of concentration of aerosol products of combustion (pyrolysis) of substances and materials and, possibly, other fire factors, in the body of which an autonomous power source and all components necessary for detecting a fire and direct notification of it are structurally combined.
3 . 7 aggregate fire extinguishing installation: Fire extinguishing installation
which technical means of fire detection, storage, release and transportation of fire extinguishing agent are structurally independent units mounted directly on the protected object.
3 . 8 addressable fire detector: A fire detector that transmits its address code to the addressable control panel along with a fire notice.
3 . 9 accelerator: A device that, when a sprinkler is triggered, opens the sprinkler air signal valve when little change air pressure in the supply pipeline.
3 . 1 0 gas fire extinguishing battery: A group of gas fire extinguishing modules united by a common manifold and a manual start device.
3 . 1 1 distribution pipe branch: A section of a distribution pipeline row located on one side of the supply pipeline.
3 . 1 2 water-filled installation: An installation in which the supply, supply and distribution pipelines are filled with water in standby mode.
Note - The unit is designed to operate at positive temperatures.
3.13 water feeder: A device that ensures the operation of the AFS with the estimated flow rate and pressure of water and (or) aqueous solution specified in the technical documentation for a specified time.
3 . 1 4 air installation: An installation in which, in standby mode, the supply pipeline is filled with water, and the supply and distribution pipelines are filled with air.
3 . 1 5 auxiliary water feeder: A water feeder that automatically maintains the pressure in the pipelines necessary to operate the control units, as well as the estimated flow and pressure of water and (or) an aqueous solution until the main water feeder enters the operating mode.
3.16 gas fire detector: A fire detector that reacts to gases released during smoldering or burning materials.
3.17 fire extinguishing aerosol generator (GOA):A device for obtaining a fire-extinguishing aerosol with specified parameters and supplying it to the protected room.
3.18 hydraulic accelerator: A device that reduces the response time of a deluge signal valve with a hydraulic drive.
3.19 AUP standby mode: The state of readiness of the AFS for operation.
3 . 2 0 dictating sprinkler (sprayer): Sprinkler (sprayer),
the highest located and (or) remote from the control node.
3 . 2 1 remote start (start) of the unit: Switch on (start)
manual installations from trigger elements installed in or near the protected room, in the control room or at the fire station, near the protected structure or equipment.
3.22 remote: Control panel located in a control room, a separate or fenced off room.
3.23 differential thermal fire detector: Fire detector that generates a fire notification when the temperature rise rate is exceeded environment set threshold.
3.25 deluge fire extinguishing installation: fire extinguishing installation,
equipped with deluge sprinklers or foam generators.
3.26 deluge sprinkler (sprayer):Sprinkler (sprayer) with
open outlet.
3.27 smoke ionization (radioisotope) fire detector:
Fire detector, the principle of operation of which is based on the registration of changes in the ionization current resulting from exposure to combustion products.
3.28 smoke optical fire detector:fire detector,
reacting to combustion products that can affect the absorbing or scattering ability of radiation in the infrared, ultraviolet or visible spectral ranges.
3.29 smoke fire detector:A fire detector that reacts to particles of solid or liquid products of combustion and (or) pyrolysis in the atmosphere.
3.30 stock of fire extinguishing agent: The required amount of fire extinguishing agent stored at the facility in order to restore the estimated amount or reserve of fire extinguishing agent.
3.31 shut-off and starting device: A locking device installed on a vessel (cylinder) and ensuring the release of a fire extinguishing agent from it.
3.32 Regulatory (for sprinkler AFS) or design (for deluge AFS) area within which the normative irrigation intensity and, accordingly, the normative or estimated flow extinguishing agent.
3.33 fire alarm control zone (fire detectors):
The set of areas, volumes of the premises of the object, the appearance of fire factors in which will be detected by fire detectors.
3 . 3 4 inertia of the fire extinguishing installation: The time from the moment the controllable fire factor reaches the response threshold of the sensing element of the fire detector, sprinkler sprinkler or stimulating device until the fire extinguishing agent is supplied to the protected area.
Note - For fire extinguishing installations in which a time delay is provided for the release of a fire extinguishing agent in order to safely evacuate people from the protected premises and (or) for control technological equipment, this time is included in the inertia of the AUP.
3 . 3 5 intensity of fire extinguishing agent supply: The amount of fire extinguishing agent supplied per unit area (volume) per unit time.
3.36 delay chamber: A device installed in line with a pressure alarm designed to minimize the possibility of false alarms caused by a sprinkler alarm valve opening slightly due to sudden pressure fluctuations in a water supply.
3.37 combined fire detector: fire detector,
responding to two or more fire factors.
3 . 38 local control panel: Control panel, located in close proximity to the controlled technical means of AUP.
3.39 linear fire detector (smoke, heat): A fire detector that reacts to fire factors in an extended, linear zone.
3 . 4 0 main pipeline: The pipeline connecting switchgears gas fire extinguishing installations with distribution pipelines.
3 . 4 1 maximum differential thermal fire detector: A fire detector that combines the functions of maximum and differential thermal fire detectors.
3 . 4 2 maximum thermal fire detector: A fire detector that generates a fire notice when the ambient temperature exceeds a set threshold value - the detector response temperature.
3.43 local activation (start) of the unit:Switching on (starting) the installation from starting elements installed in the room pumping station or fire extinguishing station, as well as from starting elements installed on fire extinguishing modules.
3.44 minimum irrigation area: The minimum area on which, when the AFS is triggered, the fire extinguishing agent acts with an irrigation intensity not less than the standard one.
3.45 fire extinguishing module:
3 . 46 modular pumping unit: Pumping unit, the technical means of which are mounted on a single frame.
3 . 4 7 modular fire extinguishing installation: fire extinguishing installation,
consisting of one or more modules combined unified system fire detection and actuation, capable of independently performing the function of fire extinguishing and located in or near the protected room.
3.48 fire extinguishing module: A device in the body of which the functions of storing and supplying a fire extinguishing agent are combined when a starting pulse is applied to the module drive.
3 . 4 9 impulse fire extinguishing module: Fire extinguishing module with a fire extinguishing agent supply duration of up to 1 s.
3 . 5 0 Nozzles: A device for dispensing and distributing a gaseous fire extinguishing agent or fire extinguishing powder.
3.51 nominal (conditional) pressure: The largest excess operating pressure at a working medium temperature of 20 °C, at which the specified service life of pipeline and valve connections is ensured, having certain dimensions, justified by the strength calculation for the selected materials and their strength characteristics at a temperature of 20 °C.
3 . 5 2 nominal (conditional) passage: A parameter used for piping systems to characterize fittings such as piping connections, fittings, and fittings.
3 . 5 3 normative intensity of fire extinguishing agent supply:
The intensity of the fire extinguishing agent supply, established in the regulatory documentation.
3.54 standard fire extinguishing concentration: fire extinguishing concentration,
established in the current regulations.
3 . 5 5 fire extinguishing spray: Combustion products of an aerosol-forming composition that have a fire-extinguishing effect on the fire.
3.56 extinguishing agent: A substance that has physical and chemical properties that make it possible to create conditions for the cessation of combustion.
3.57 fire extinguishing concentration: The concentration of a fire extinguishing agent in a volume that creates an environment that does not support combustion.
3.58 sprinkler: A device designed to extinguish, localize or block a fire by spraying water and (or) aqueous solutions.
3 . 5 9 sprinkler with status control: sprinkler sprinkler,
ensuring the issuance of a signal to the AFS control system and (or) to the control room about the actuation of the thermal lock of this sprinkler.
3 . 6 0 sprinkler with controlled drive: Sprinkler with a locking device for the outlet, which opens when a control pulse is applied (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, pyrotechnic or combined).
3 . 6 1 main feeder: A water feeder that ensures the operation of a fire extinguishing installation with the estimated flow rate and pressure of water and (or) aqueous solution for a specified time.
3 . 6 2 room leak parameter: The value that numerically characterizes the leakage of the protected premises and is defined as the ratio of the total area of permanently open openings to the volume of the protected premises.
3.63 supply pipeline: The pipeline connecting the control unit with distribution pipelines.
3.64 incentive system: A pipeline filled with water, an aqueous solution, compressed air, or a cable with thermal locks, designed for automatic and remote start water and foam deluge fire extinguishing installations, as well as gas or powder fire extinguishing installations.
3 . 6 5 supply pipeline: The pipeline connecting the source of fire extinguishing agent with the control units.
3.66 fire stop device: A device designed to supply, regulate and shut off the flow of fire extinguishing agent.
3 . 6 7 fire detector (PI): A device designed to detect fire factors and generate a signal about a fire or about the current value of its factors.
3 . 6 8 flame fire detector: device that responds to electromagnetic radiation flame or smoldering hearth.
3.69 fire post: A special room of the facility with a round-the-clock stay of personnel on duty, equipped with devices for monitoring the status and control of fire automatics.
3.70 fire alarm: A device for generating a signal about the operation of fire extinguishing installations and (or) locking devices.
3.71 premises with mass stay of people: Theater halls and foyers
cinemas, boardrooms, meetings, lecture halls, restaurants, lobbies, cash halls, industrial premises other
premises with an area of 50 m or more with permanent or temporary
stay of people (except emergencies) with more than 1 person. per 1 m
3.72 fire control device: A device designed to generate control signals for automatic fire extinguishing equipment, smoke protection, warning, other fire protection devices, as well as monitoring their status and communication lines with them.
3 . 7 3 fire control panel (PPKP): Device,
designed to receive signals from fire detectors, provide power to active (current-consuming) fire detectors, output information to light and sound annunciators of duty personnel and centralized monitoring consoles, as well as generate a starting impulse for starting a fire control device.
3.74 fire control and control device: Device,
which combines the functions of a fire control panel and a fire control device.
3 . 7 5 AUP operating mode: Fulfillment of the AUP of its functional purpose after operation.
3.76 sprinkler: Sprinkler designed for spraying water or aqueous solutions (average droplet diameter in the sprayed flow is more than 150 microns).
Note - It is allowed to use the term "irrigator" instead of the term "sprinkler".
3 . 7 7 switchgear: locking device,
installed on the pipeline and providing the passage of a gas fire extinguishing agent into a certain main pipeline.
Typical questions and answers on SP5.13130.2009 “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules»
Section 8
Question: The use of liquid nitrogen for extinguishing, including extinguishing peat fires.
Answer: Liquid (cryogenic) nitrogen is used for extinguishing with the help of special installations. In installations, liquid nitrogen is stored in an isothermal tank at a cryogenic temperature (minus 195 ºС) and, during extinguishing, is supplied to the room in gaseous state. A gas (nitrogen) fire extinguishing vehicle AGT-4000 with a 4-ton supply of liquid nitrogen has been developed. Liquid nitrogen is supplied in two modes (through fire monitor and through hand barrel). This vehicle allows you to extinguish fires in rooms up to 7000 m3 at chemical, fuel and energy industry facilities and other fire hazardous facilities.
A stationary installation of gas (liquid nitrogen) fire extinguishing "Kryoust-5000" designed for fire protection of premises with a volume of 2500 to 10000 m3 has been developed. The design of the plant allows nitrogen to be supplied to the room in the form of gas at a stable temperature from minus 150 to plus 20 ºС.
The use of liquid nitrogen to extinguish peat fires is challenging task. The difficulty lies in the fact that liquid nitrogen must be supplied through cryogenic pipelines over a relatively long distance. From an economic point of view, this extinguishing method is an expensive technological process and, because of this, it cannot be used.
Question: Application of GOTV Freon 114V2.
Answer: In accordance with the International Documents for the Protection of the Earth's Ozone Layer (the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Earth's Ozone Layer and a number of amendments to it) and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1000 dated December 19, 2000 "On specifying the time frame for the implementation of state regulation measures for the production of ozone-depleting substances in the Russian Federation, the production of Freon 114V2 has been discontinued.
In pursuance of International agreements and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the use of freon 114B2 in newly designed installations and installations whose service life has expired is recognized as inappropriate.
As an exception, the use of freon 114V2 in AUGP is provided for fire protection of especially important (unique) objects, with the permission of the Ministry natural resources Russian Federation.
For fire protection of objects with the presence of electronic equipment (telephone exchanges, server rooms, etc.), ozone-non-destructive freons 125 (C2 F5H) and 227 ea (C3F7H) are used.
Question: On the use of gas fire extinguishing agents.
Answer: Volumetric gas fire extinguishing systems are used for fire protection of objects with electronics (telephone nodes, server rooms, etc.), technological premises gas pumping stations, premises with the presence of flammable liquids, storage facilities of museums and libraries using automatic modular and centralized installations.
Gas extinguishing agents are used in the absence of people or after their evacuation. The installations must ensure a delay in the release of a gaseous fire extinguishing agent into the protected room during automatic and manual remote start for the time required to evacuate people from the room, but not less than 10 seconds from the moment the evacuation warning devices are turned on in the room.
pp. 12.1, 12.2
Question: What is the procedure for the duty personnel to act on the signals of fire automatics and where is it stated?
Answer: In accordance with the Decree of the GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION dated April 25, 2012 N 390 On the fire regime (as amended on December 24, 2018) section XVIII. Requirements for the instructions on fire safety measures in the premises of the personnel on duty must necessarily contain instructions that set out the procedure for the actions of employees in different situations including in case of fire. Personal responsibility is set out in job descriptions staff.
In accordance with SP5.13130.2009 clause 12.2.1, in a fire station room or other room with personnel on round-the-clock duty, transmission of all established signals about the operation of the fire automatics system, including light signaling on disabling automatic start with decoding in directions (zones) to make a decision on the actions of the personnel on duty.
For example, in the event of a failure of the technical means of the system, restoration must be carried out within the time defined in Appendix O, depending on the level of danger of the protected object. The actions of the personnel are carried out taking into account the safety requirements.
The actions of the personnel provide for the unconditional ensuring of the safety of people when using installations and substances that can cause damage to the health and life of people, as well as ensuring the regular operation of fire extinguishing installations.
In accordance with the set of rules SP5.13130.2009 clause 12.2.1, devices for shutting down and restoring the automatic start-up mode of installations can be placed:
a) in the premises of the duty post or other premises with personnel on duty around the clock;
b) at the entrances to the protected premises in the presence of protection against unauthorized access.
This provision provides for the personal responsibility of the appointed responsible persons in the event of the impact of GFES and fire factors on people.
Instructions on the actions of personnel should take into account the permanent, temporary presence of people in the protected room or their absence, the ratio of preparation times for the supply of GFFS, supply delays and inertia of the installation, the number of entrances, the nature of the work carried out in the protection room.
pp. 13.1, 13.2
Question: How is the need for “dedicated fire detection zones” determined?
Answer: In some cases, the premises, depending on the location and properties of the circulating combustible materials, should be divided into separate "dedicated" zones.
This is primarily due to the fact that the dynamics of fire development and its consequences in different zones may differ greatly. The technical means of detection and their placement must ensure the detection of a fire in the zone in the time necessary to complete the task of the goal.
A significant difference in different areas of the room may have interference similar to fire factors, and other influences that can cause false alarms of fire detectors. The choice of technical means of detection should be carried out taking into account the resistance to such influences.
In addition, when organizing “dedicated detection zones”, one can proceed from the predominant probability of fire in such areas of the room.
Section 13, 14, paras. 13.3.2, 13.3.3, 14.1-14.3
Question: The number and parameters of point fire detectors installed in the room, and the distance between them.
Answer: The number of point fire detectors installed in the room is determined by the need to solve two main tasks: ensuring high reliability of the fire alarm system and high reliability of the fire signal (low probability of generating a false alarm signal).
First of all, it is necessary to designate the functions performed by the fire alarm system, namely, whether the fire protection systems (fire extinguishing, warning, smoke removal, etc.) are triggered by the signal from the fire detectors, or the system only provides a fire alarm in the premises of the staff on duty .
If the only function of the system is to signal a fire, then it can be assumed that Negative consequences during the formation of a false alarm signal are negligible. Based on this premise, in rooms whose area does not exceed the area protected by one detector (according to tables 13.3, 13.5), to improve the reliability of the system, two detectors are installed, switched on according to the OR logic circuit (a fire signal is generated when any one of two installed detectors). In this case, in case of uncontrolled failure of one of the detectors, the fire detection function will be performed by the second one. If the detector is capable of testing itself and transmitting information about its malfunction to the control panel (meets the requirements of clause 13.3.3 b), c)), then one detector can be installed in the room. AT large rooms detectors are installed at a standard distance.
Similarly, for flame detectors, each point of the protected premises must be controlled by two detectors connected according to the OR logic scheme (a technical error was made in paragraph 13.8. logic circuit "OR"), or one detector that meets the requirements of clause 13.3.3 b), c).
If it is necessary to generate a control signal for a fire protection system, then when designing, the design organization must determine whether this signal will be generated from one detector, which is acceptable for the systems listed in clause 14.2, or whether the signal will be generated according to clause 14.1, i.e. e. when two detectors are triggered (logical "AND").
The use of the "AND" logical scheme makes it possible to increase the reliability of the formation of a fire signal, since a false operation of one detector will not cause the formation of a control signal. This algorithm is required to control fire extinguishing and warning systems of the 5th type. To manage other systems, you can get by alarm signal from one detector, but only if the false activation of these systems does not lead to a decrease in the level of people's safety and / or unacceptable material losses. The rationale for such a decision should be reflected in explanatory note to the project. In this case, it is necessary to apply technical solutions to improve the reliability of the formation of a fire signal. Such solutions may include the use of so-called "intelligent" detectors that provide analysis physical characteristics fire factors and (or) the dynamics of their change, providing information about their critical state (dust content, pollution), using the function of re-requesting the state of the detectors, taking measures to eliminate (reduce) the impact on the detector of factors similar to fire factors and capable of causing false alarms.
If during the design it was decided to generate control signals for fire protection systems from one detector, then the requirements for the number and arrangement of detectors coincide with the above requirements for systems that perform only the signaling function. The requirements of clause 14.3 do not apply.
If the control signal of the fire protection system is generated from two detectors, switched on, in accordance with clause 14.1, according to the logical scheme "AND", then the requirements of clause 14.3 come into force. The need to increase the number of detectors to three, or even four, in rooms with a smaller area controlled by one detector, follows from the high reliability of the system in order to maintain its performance in the event of an uncontrolled failure of one detector. When using detectors with a self-test function and transmitting information about their malfunction to the control panel (meets the requirements of clause 13.3.3 b), c)) two detectors necessary for the implementation of the "AND" function can be installed in the room, but on condition that the operability of the system is maintained by the timely replacement of the failed detector.
In large rooms, in order to save the time of generating a fire signal from two detectors, switched on according to the “AND” logical scheme, the detectors are installed at a distance of no more than half of the standard one, so that the fire factors reach and trigger two detectors in a timely manner. This requirement applies to detectors located along the walls, and to detectors along one of the axes of the ceiling (at the choice of the designer). The distance between the detectors and the wall remains standard.
Annex A
Question: Please clarify whether a one-story warehouse building of the IV degree of fire resistance of category B is subject to AUPT and AUPS equipment according to fire hazard.
Answer: According to Table A.1 of Annex A one-story buildings storage category B for fire hazard with a height of less than 30 m without storage on racks with a height of 5.5 m or more, as a whole, are not subject to protection by AUPT and AUPS.
At the same time, the premises that are part of the warehouse building should be equipped with AUPT and AUPS in accordance with the requirements of Table A.3 of Appendix A, depending on their area and category for explosion and fire hazard.
At the same time, according to paragraph A.5 of Appendix A, if the area of the premises to be equipped with AUPT is 40% or more of total area floors of the building, it is necessary to provide for the equipment of the building as a whole AUPT, with the exception of the premises listed in paragraph A.4 of Appendix A.
Question: Is it required to equip an attic with AUPS in a public building?
Answer: According to the specialists of the Institute, on the basis of the requirements of paragraph A.4 and paragraph 9 of Table A.1 of Appendix A to SP5.13130.2009, the attic in a public building is subject to protection by APS.
Appendix R.
Question: What measures should be mandatory when implementing the recommendations of Appendix R.
Answer: Ensuring the minimum probability of false formation of a control signal automatic systems fire protection is one of the important tasks of fire automation systems. This probability is inextricably linked with the probability of false formation of a fire signal by a fire detector (PI) and control panel(PPKP).
One of such technical solutions is the use of equipment (PI, PPKP), which allows to analyze not only the absolute values of the controlled environmental parameters, but also the dynamics of their change. Even more effective is the use of PIs that track the relationship of two or more environmental parameters that change during a fire.
common cause false positives PI is the dusting of the smoke chamber of optoelectronic smoke PI, contamination of optics in flame PI and linear smoke PI, malfunction electronic circuits etc. The presence of the PI functions of monitoring its technical condition and transmitting information about a malfunction (dust content, pollution) to the control panel allows the facility personnel to timely perform necessary measures maintenance or replacement of the PI, thereby preventing false alarm. Identification of a failed (requiring service) transmitter should be carried out by indicating a fault signal on the control panel and accompanied by either an indication of the transmitter's address or a change in the operation mode of the detector indicator (for non-addressable transmitter).
False alarm may be the result of electromagnetic interference on detectors, wires and cables of fire alarm loops. Improving noise immunity can be realized by using twisted pair, shielded wires. In this case, the shielding elements must be grounded at points with equal potentials to exclude currents in the shielding braids. It is advisable to lay wires and place PI and PPKP at a distance from sources of electromagnetic interference.
An important role in reducing the probability of false alarms is played by design decisions that determine the location of the PI, as well as the requirements for their maintenance. So, when using flame detectors, it is important to choose the right type of PI and their location in order to exclude the effects of "glare" and background illumination, leading to false operation of these detectors. Reducing the probability of false alarms of smoke PIs from dust exposure can be achieved by their more frequent cleaning (purging) during maintenance.
The choice of certain options for protection against false positives is determined during design, depending on the fire hazard of the facility, operating conditions and tasks solved using fire automation systems.
Note: SP 5.13130.2009 with amendments No. 1 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design standards and rules" was replaced by SP 5.13130.2013.
SP 5.13130.2009 as amended No. 1 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design standards and rules"
- Foreword
- 1 area of use
- 2. Regulatory references
- 3. Terms and definitions
- 4. General provisions
- 5. Water and foam fire extinguishing installations
- 6. Fire extinguishing installations with high expansion foam
- 7. Robotic fire complex
- 8. Gas fire extinguishing installations
- 9. Powder fire extinguishing installations of modular type
- 10. Aerosol fire extinguishing installations
- 11. Autonomous fire extinguishing installations
- 12. Control equipment for fire extinguishing installations
- 13. Fire alarm systems
- 14. Interrelation of fire alarm systems with other systems and engineering equipment of objects
- 15. Power supply of fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations
- 16. Protective grounding and zeroing. Safety requirements
- 17. General provisions taken into account when choosing technical means of fire automatics
- Appendix A List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms. General provisions
- I. Buildings
- II. Structures
- III. Premises
- IV. Equipment
- Appendix B Groups of premises (industries and technological processes) according to the degree of fire hazard, depending on their functional purpose and fire load of combustible materials
- Appendix B Method for calculating the parameters of AFS during surface fire extinguishing with water and low expansion foam
- Appendix D Method for calculating the parameters of fire extinguishing installations with high-expansion foam
- Appendix D. Initial data for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agents
- Appendix E Method for calculating the mass of a gas fire extinguishing agent for gas fire extinguishing installations when extinguishing by volumetric method
- Annex G. Technique for hydraulic calculation of low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installations
- Appendix H Method for calculating the area of the opening for relieving excess pressure in rooms protected by gas fire extinguishing installations
- Appendix I. General provisions for the calculation of powder fire extinguishing installations of a modular type
- Appendix K. Method for calculating automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations
- Annex L. Method for calculating overpressure when supplying fire-extinguishing aerosol to a room
- Application M. The choice of types of fire detectors depending on the purpose of the protected premises and the type of fire load
- Annex H. Places of installation of manual fire detectors depending on the purpose of buildings and premises
- Appendix O. Determination of the set time for the detection of a malfunction and its elimination
- Annex P. Distances from the upper overlap point to the measuring element of the detector
- Appendix R. Methods for improving the reliability of a fire signal
- Bibliography
FOREWORD
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by the Federal Law of December 27, 202 No. 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation", and the rules for applying sets of rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for developing and approving sets of rules" of November 19, 2008 No. 858.
Information about the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design standards and rules"
- DEVELOPED FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
- INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 274 "Fire Safety"
- APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY EMERCOM of Russia Order No. 175 dated March 25, 2009
- REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
- INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
- Amendment No. 1 was introduced, approved and put into effect by Order No. 274 of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 01, 2011. Date of entry into force of Amendment No. 1 is June 20, 2011.
1 AREA OF USE
1.1 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" was developed in accordance with articles 42, 45, 46, 54, 83, 84, 91, 103, 104, 111 - 116 of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements", is a regulatory document on fire safety in the field of standardization of voluntary use and establishes the norms and rules for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems.
1.2 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" applies to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations for buildings and structures for various purposes, including those built in areas with special climatic and natural conditions. The need to use fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations is determined in accordance with Appendix A, standards, codes of practice and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.
1.3 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" does not apply to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations:
- buildings and structures designed according to special standards;
- technological installations located outside buildings;
- warehouse buildings with mobile racks;
- warehouse buildings for storing products in aerosol packaging;
- warehouse buildings with a cargo storage height of more than 5.5 m.
1.4 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" does not apply to the design of fire extinguishing installations for extinguishing class D fires (according to GOST 27331), as well as chemically active substances and materials, including:
- reacting with a fire extinguishing agent with an explosion (organoaluminum compounds, alkali metals);
- decomposing when interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with the release of combustible gases (organolithium compounds, lead azide, aluminum, zinc, magnesium hydrides);
- interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with a strong exothermic effect (sulfuric acid, titanium chloride, thermite);
- spontaneously combustible substances (sodium hydrosulfite, etc.).
1.5 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" can be used in the development of special specifications for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.
Other documents
SP 12.13130.2009 as amended No. 1 Definition of categories of premises, buildings and outdoor installations in terms of explosion and fire hazard
PDF, 770.4 KB
In this case, when determining the number of detectors, the combined detector is taken into account as one detector.
13.3.16. Floor-mounted detectors can be used to protect the area below a perforated false ceiling if the following conditions are met simultaneously:
The perforation has a periodic structure and its area exceeds 40% of the surface;
The minimum size of each perforation in any section is at least 10 mm;
The thickness of the false ceiling is no more than three times minimum size perforation cells.
If at least one of these requirements is not met, the detectors must be installed on a false ceiling in the main room, and if necessary, protect the space behind false ceiling additional detectors must be installed on the main ceiling.
13.3.17. The detectors should be oriented so that the indicators are directed, if possible, towards the door leading to the exit from the room.
13.3.18. The placement and use of fire detectors, the application procedure of which is not defined in this set of rules, must be carried out in accordance with the recommendations agreed upon in the prescribed manner.