On approval of the technical regulation "requirements for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm systems, warning and managing the evacuation of people in case of fire." Buildings and constructions. Etc
BUILDING REGULATIONS
INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
SNiP 2.09.02-85*
GOSSTROY USSR
Moscow 1991
Designed by the Central Research Institute of Industrial Buildings of the USSR Gosstroy ( B.S. Klyuchevich- head of the theme, candidates tech. Sciences M.Ya. Roitman, THOSE. Storozhenko), Moscow Engineering and Construction Institute. V.V. Kuibyshev of the Ministry of Higher Education of the USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences V.V. Kholshchevnikov), Promstroyproekt of the USSR State Construction Committee ( Yu.F. Rosencrantz), VNIIPO of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (candidate of technical sciences L.I. Karpov; V.P. Vlasov). INTRODUCED by the Central Research Institute of Industrial Buildings of the Gosstroy of the USSR. PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Glavtekhnormirovaniye Gosstroy USSR N.N. Polyakov). With the entry into force of SNiP 2.09.02-85 * "Industrial buildings", the chapter of SNiP II-90-81 "Industrial buildings of industrial enterprises" becomes invalid. SNiP 2.09.02-85 * amended No. 1 and No. 2, approved by the decisions of the USSR Gosstroy No. 196 of September 27, 1988 and No. 18 of April 24, 1991; change No. 3, approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated March 31, 1994 No. 18-23. Items, tables that have been amended are marked in these Building Codes and Rules with an asterisk. When using a normative document, approved changes should be taken into account building codes and rules and state standards published in the Bulletin construction equipment”, “Collection of changes to building codes and rules” of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index “State Standards of the USSR” of the State Standard. These standards apply to the design industrial buildings 1 and premises, as well as laboratory buildings 1 and premises*. __________ 1 Hereinafter - buildings. These standards do not apply to the design of buildings and premises for the production and storage of explosives and explosives, underground buildings *.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. According to the explosion and fire hazard, premises and buildings are divided into categories (A, B, C, D, E) depending on the buildings located in them. technological processes and properties of existing (circulating) substances and materials. The categories of buildings and premises are established in the technological part of the project in accordance with the all-Union technological design standards "Determination of the categories of premises and buildings for explosion and fire hazard" (ONTP 24-86), approved by the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, departmental technological design standards or special lists approved in the established okay. 1.2. The total area of the building is defined as the sum of the areas of all floors (above-ground, including technical, basement and basement), measured within the inner surfaces of the outer walls (or the axes of the outermost columns, where there are no outer walls), tunnels, internal platforms, mezzanines, all tiers of internal whatnots , ramps, galleries (horizontal projection) and passages to other buildings 1 . ____________ 1 Terms and definitions are given in the mandatory annex. The total area of the building does not include the areas of the technical underground with a height of less than 1.8 m to the bottom of the protruding structures (which do not require passages for servicing communications), above suspended ceilings designed in accordance with clause 2.16, as well as platforms for servicing crane runways, cranes, conveyors, monorails and lamps. The area of premises occupying two or more floors in height within a multi-storey building (double-height and multi-height) should be included in the total area within one floor. 1.3. Automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems (including fire alarm systems) in buildings should be provided in accordance with all-Union and departmental regulations and lists of buildings and premises to be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing, automatic fire alarm and fire alarm systems approved by ministries and departments in the established okay. 1.4.* In cases where the enterprise provides for the possibility of using the labor of disabled people, additional requirements specified in the relevant paragraphs of the norms should be observed, depending on the type of disability. When creating at an enterprise specialized workshops (sites) intended for the use of the labor of disabled people, one should also be guided by the “Uniform Sanitary Rules for Enterprises (Production Associations), Workshops and Sites Designed for the Use of the Labor of Disabled Persons and Old Age Pensioners” of the USSR Ministry of Health (dated 01.03. 83, No. 2672-83).2. SPACE-PLANNING AND STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS
Space-planning solutions
2.1. Space-planning solutions for buildings and premises should provide the possibility of reconstruction and technical re-equipment of production, changes in technological processes and the transition to new types of products. 2.2*. When designing buildings, one should: combine, as a rule, in one building premises for various industries, warehouse, administrative and amenity premises, as well as premises for engineering equipment; take the number of floors within the limits established by clause 2.7, based on the results of comparing the technical and economic indicators of options for locating production in buildings of different heights and taking into account the provision high level architectural solutions; make space-planning decisions for buildings, taking into account the reduction in the area of external enclosing structures; take the area of light openings in accordance with the design standards for natural and artificial lighting, taking into account the requirements of clause 2.42; accept buildings without light openings, if this is allowed by the conditions of technology, sanitary and hygienic requirements and economically feasible; to use mainly buildings, structures and enlarged blocks of engineering and technological equipment in a prefabricated prefabricated block design; develop space-planning solutions taking into account the need to reduce dynamic effects on building structures, technological processes and workers caused by vibroactive equipment or external sources of vibration. 2.3. Architectural decisions of buildings should be made taking into account urban planning, climatic conditions area of construction and the nature of the surrounding buildings. Color finishing of interiors should be provided in accordance with GOST 14202-69 and GOST 12.4.026-76. 2.4* Geometric parameters buildings - modular dimensions of spans, column pitches and floor heights must comply with the requirements of GOST 23838-89 (ST SEV 6084-87), mobile (inventory) buildings - GOST 22853-86. When developing projects for the reconstruction of existing buildings, deviations from the specified parameters are allowed if they are justified by the technological part of the project. 2.5. The height of one-story buildings (from the floor to the bottom of the horizontal load-bearing structures on the support) must be at least 3 m, the height of the floor of multi-storey buildings (from the floor landing of this floor to the floor of the landing of the overlying floor), except for the height of the technical floors, must be at least 3.3 m. 2.6. In rooms, the height from the floor to the bottom of the protruding structures of the ceiling (cover) must be at least 2.2 m, the height from the floor to the bottom of the protruding parts of communications and equipment in places of regular passage of people and on evacuation routes must be at least 2 m, and in places of irregular the passage of people - at least 1.8 m. If it is necessary to enter the building of fire trucks, the height of the passages must be at least 4.2 m to the bottom of the protruding parts of communications and equipment. 2.7. The degree of fire resistance of buildings, the permissible number of floors and the floor area of the building within the fire compartment (hereinafter referred to as the floor area) should be taken from Table. one . When equipping the premises with automatic fire extinguishing installations indicated in Table. 1 floor area is allowed to be increased by 100%, with the exception of buildings of III a and III b degrees of fire resistance. The floor area and the allowable number of floors are set for buildings with rooms of the same category. When placing premises of various categories in a building, the floor area and the allowable number of floors are determined by the general category of the building (or fire compartment), which is established in the technological part of the project in accordance with the technological design standards. If there are open technological openings in the ceilings of adjacent floors, the total area of these floors should not exceed the floor area indicated in Table. one.Table 1*
|
Permissible number of floors |
The degree of fire resistance of buildings |
Floor area within the fire compartment, m 2, buildings |
one-story |
multi-storey |
on two floors |
three floors or more |
|
Not limited |
A, B (with the exception of buildings of the oil refining, gas, chemical and petrochemical industries) | A - buildings of the oil refining, gas, chemical and petrochemical industries |
Not limited |
||
| B - buildings of the oil refining, gas, chemical and petrochemical industries |
Not limited |
||||
|
Not limited |
|||||
|
Not limited |
|||||
|
Not limited |
|||||
|
Not limited |
Not limited |
||||
EVACUATION OF PEOPLE FROM BUILDINGS AND PREMISES
2.22*. Evacuation exits are not allowed to be provided through rooms of categories A and B and vestibule locks with them, as well as through production rooms in buildings of IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees of fire resistance. It is allowed to provide one emergency exit (without a second device) through the premises of categories A and B from the premises on the same floor, in which engineering equipment is located for servicing these premises and in which the permanent stay of people is excluded, if the distance from the most remote point of the room with engineering equipment before the evacuation exit from the premises of categories A and B does not exceed 25 m. 2.23. Evacuation exits from stairwells located in buildings and inserts with a height of no more than 4 floors with rooms of categories D and D may be provided through a room of categories D or D to the outside, provided that the exits are located on both sides of the buildings and inserts (if the inserts or inserts divide the building into isolated parts). 2.24*. Evacuation exits from rooms located on the mezzanines and inserts (buildings) in buildings of I, II and IIIa fire resistance degrees, as well as on the mezzanines of one-story mobile buildings of categories D and D IVa fire resistance degrees, designed to accommodate engineering equipment of buildings, in the absence of permanent jobs are allowed to be provided for internal open steel stairs located in rooms of categories C, D and D and designed in accordance with clause 2.59 (in terms of slope and march width). At the same time, the distance from the most remote point of the room with engineering equipment to the evacuation exit from the building should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Table 2 (taking into account the length of the path along the stairs, equal to its triple height), and when placing these stairs in rooms of category B - these rooms and fire hazardous rooms on the mezzanines and inserts (inserts) must be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations. It is allowed to provide one exit (without a second device) to an internal or external open steel staircase from the indicated premises, in which the distance from the most remote point of the premises to the exit to the staircase does not exceed 25 m. 2.25. Gates for railway rolling stock, as well as sliding and curtain gates for any type of transport are not allowed to be considered as emergency exits. 2.26*. It is allowed to provide one evacuation exit (without a second device): a) from any floor of buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance with the number of above-ground floors not more than four, with rooms of category D with the number of employees in the most numerous shift on each floor not more than five and floor area no more than 300 m 2; b) from a room located on any floor (except basement and basement), if this exit leads to two emergency exits from the floor, the distance from the most remote workplace to the exit from the room does not exceed 25 m and the number of employees in the most numerous shift does not exceed : 5 pers. - in the premises of categories A, B; 25 "-" "categories B; 50 "-" "categories G, D; c) from a room of category D with an area of \u200b\u200bno more than 300 m 2 and with the number of employees in the most numerous shift no more than five, located on any floor (except the first), to an external steel staircase that meets the requirements of clause 2.59. The enclosing structures of the stairs must be non-combustible. At the same time, the distance from the most remote workplace to the exit to the stairs should not exceed 25 m. At the same time, the number of employees in the most numerous shift should not exceed 5 people. in buildings of categories A and B, 25 people. - in buildings of categories C, D and D. In these buildings, 25% of outward-opening windows without protective nets and bars should be provided; e) from any floor (tier) of multi-storey (multi-tier) buildings of III a degree of fire resistance category D with a height from the planning mark of the earth to the floor mark of the upper floor (tier) no more than 30 m with a floor (tier) area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 300 m 2 per internal or an external steel staircase designed in accordance with clause 2.59 (in terms of slope and march width). At the same time, the total number of employees in the building in the maximum shift should not exceed 5 people, the distance from the most remote workplace should be no more than 25 m, the enclosing structures of the stairs should be made of non-combustible materials. In the building, in addition to category D rooms, it is allowed to place electrical rooms (alarm panels, control panels and cabinets, distribution points). It is allowed to exit to the roof from the top platform of the internal stairs through a type 2 fire hatch with a size of at least 0.6 ´ 0.8 m along a fixed steel ladder. 2.27. As a second exit from the second and higher floors of buildings with a height of not more than 30 m from the planning ground level to the floor level of the upper floor, it is allowed to provide an external steel staircase that meets the requirements of clause 2.59, if the number of employees on each floor (except the first) is the most numerous shift does not exceed: 15 people. - in multi-storey buildings with premises of any category; 50 people - in two-storey buildings with premises of category B; 100 people - the same, categories G and D. 2.28*. from basements and ground floors with an area of more than 300 m 2, as well as from each part of the basement provided for in clause 2.14, at least two emergency exits should be provided. Evacuation exits from basements with rooms of categories D and D are allowed to be designed into rooms of these categories located on the ground floor. Evacuation exits from basements with rooms of category B (including from oil basements and cable floors of basements) should, as a rule, be provided through separate staircases that have access directly to the outside. It is allowed to use common stairwells with a device for a separate exit from the stairwell to the outside, separated to the height of two flights by a blank fire partition of the 1st type. From each room of category B with an area of more than 1000 m 2, at least two exits (doors) should be provided. Exits should be located so that there are no dead ends more than 25 m. fenced with fireproof partitions, in the basement in front of the stairs, tambour locks with air overpressure in case of fire should be provided. Exits from basements with rooms of categories C, D and D should be provided outside the area of operation of handling equipment. 2.29. The distance from the most remote workplace to the nearest emergency exit from the premises directly to the outside or to stairwell should not exceed the values given in table. 2.table 2
|
Room volume, thousand m 3 |
The degree of fire resistance of the building |
Distance, m, with a density of human flow in general, people / m 2 |
I, II, III, IIIa |
I, II, III, IIIa |
I, II, III, IIIa |
I , II , III , III a |
60 and over |
I , II , III , III a |
80 and over |
I , II , III , III a |
Regardless of volume |
I , II , III , III a |
Not limited |
Table 3
|
Exit location |
The degree of fire resistance of the building |
Distance along the corridor, m, to the exit to the outside or to the nearest staircase with a density of human flow in the corridor, people / m 2 |
||||
| Between two exits to the outside or stairwells | ||||||
|
I, II, III, III a |
||||||
| In a dead end corridor |
I, II, III, III a |
|||||
Table 4
|
Room volume, thousand m 3 |
The degree of fire resistance of the building |
The number of people per 1 m of the width of the emergency exit (door), pers. |
|
|
I , II , III , III a |
|||
|
I , II , III , III a |
|||
|
I , II , III , III a |
|||
|
I , II , III , III a |
|||
| 60 and over | |||
|
I , II , III , III a |
|||
| 80 and over | |||
| Regardless of volume |
I , II , III , III a |
||
Table 5
|
The degree of fire resistance of the building |
The number of people per 1 m of the width of the emergency exit (door) from the corridor, pers. |
|
|
I , II , III , III a |
||
|
I, II, III, III a |
||
CONSTRUCTIVE DECISIONS
General requirements
2.41. When designing buildings, it should be taken, as a rule, standard designs and products of full factory readiness, including complete delivery structures and prefabricated buildings (modules). 2.42. In rooms of categories A and B, external, easily dropped enclosing structures should be provided. Glazing of windows and lanterns should, as a rule, be used as easy-to-reset structures. With insufficient glazing area, it is allowed to use coating structures made of steel, aluminum and asbestos-cement sheets as easy-to-reset structures and effective insulation. The area of easily dropped structures should be determined by calculation. In the absence of calculated data, the area of easily dropped structures should be at least 0.05 m 2 per 1 m 3 of the volume of a room of category A and at least 0.03 m 2 - a room of category B. Notes: 1. Window glass refers to easily dropped structures with a thickness of 3 , 4 and 5 mm and an area of at least (respectively) 0.8, 1 and 1.5 m 2. Armored glass does not apply to easily dropped structures. 2. The rolled carpet in areas of easy-to-reset cover structures should be cut into cards with an area of not more than 180 m 2 each. 3. The calculated load from the mass of easily dropped coating structures should be no more than 0.7 kPa (70 kgf / m 2). 2.43. Galleries, platforms and stairs for servicing cranes should be designed in accordance with the Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Cranes approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor. 2.44. For the repair and cleaning of the glazing of windows and skylights in cases where the use of mobile or portable floor inventory devices (leaning ladders, rolling platforms, telescopic lifts) is impossible due to the placement of technological equipment or the overall height of the building, it is allowed to provide stationary devices that ensure the safe performance of these works . The use of these devices must be justified in the technological part of the project. 2.45. Sections of ceilings and technological sites on which devices, installations and equipment with the presence of flammable, combustible and toxic liquids are installed must have blind sides made of non-combustible materials or pallets. The height of the sides and the area between the sides or pallets are set in the technological part of the project.
Building coverings
2.46. Heated buildings should generally be designed with internal drains. It is allowed to design heated buildings with a height of no more than 10 m without internal drains, with a cover width (with a slope in one direction) of no more than 36 m. 2.47. Unheated buildings should be designed without internal drains. It is allowed to design multi-span unheated buildings with internal drains in the presence of industrial heat emissions that provide a positive temperature inside the building, or subject to reasonable use of special heating of drain funnels, drains and outlet pipes. 2.48. Along the perimeter of the outer walls of buildings, roof fencing should be provided in accordance with SNiP 2.01.02-85*. In buildings with internal drains, it is allowed to use a parapet as a fence. With a parapet height of less than 0.6 m, it should be supplemented with a lattice fence up to a height of 0.6 m from the roof surface.
2.49*. The need for the installation of lanterns and their type (anti-aircraft, U-shaped, light, light-aeration, etc.) is established by the project depending on the characteristics of the technological process, sanitary and hygienic and environmental requirements, taking into account the climatic conditions of the construction area. 2.50. Lanterns must be non-blown. The length of the lanterns should not exceed 120 m. The distance between the ends of the lanterns and between the end of the lantern and the outer wall should be at least 6 m. Opening skylights, taken into account in the calculation of smoke removal, should be evenly spaced over the coverage area. 2.51. Under the glazing of skylights made of sheet silicate glass, double-glazed windows, profile glass, as well as along the inner side of the glazing of rectangular light-aeration lanterns, a protective device should be provided. metal mesh. 2.52. Antiaircraft lamps with light-transmitting elements from polymer materials(organic glass, polyester fiberglass, etc.) can only be used in buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance in rooms of categories G and D with coatings made of non-combustible or slow-burning materials and rolled roofing with a protective coating of gravel. The total area of light-transmitting elements of such lamps should not exceed 15% total area coatings, the opening area of one lamp - no more than 10 m 2, and the specific weight of light-transmitting elements - no more than 20 kg / m 2. The distance (in the light) between anti-aircraft lamps with light-transmitting elements made of polymeric materials should be at least 4 m with an area of light openings up to 5 m 2, from 5 to 10 m 2 - at least 5 m. When combining lamps in groups, they are taken as one lantern to which all of the above restrictions apply. Between the rooflights with light-transmitting fillings of polymeric materials in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the building covering, fire breaks with a width of at least 6 m must be arranged every 54 m. The horizontal distance from the fire walls to the rooflights with light-transmitting fillings of polymeric materials must be at least m.
Walls and partitions
2.53. External and internal walls of heated and unheated buildings should be designed, as a rule, prefabricated from prefabricated panels and sheet materials. Seams should be sealed in external walls. For buildings and premises with excess sensible heat of more than 50 W / m 3, as a rule, non-insulated enclosing structures should be used, providing, if necessary, heating of areas of permanent residence of workers using local heating means. Partitions should be designed, as a rule, from prefabricated panels (shields), as well as in the form of a frame filled with slabs and sheet materials. 2.54*. Window openings not intended for ventilation and smoke removal should be filled with glazed non-opening sashes or profile glass; for window openings with double and triple glazing, opening sashes for wiping the glass should be provided in the inner sashes. Opening of covers intended for ventilation and smoke removal must be mechanized. 2.55. In the windows of rooms with a damp or wet humidity regime, the joints between the glazing and the sashes should be sealed, as well as the sealing of the porches of the sash elements to prevent the penetration of moist air from the room into the space between the panes. In such buildings, the areas where the walls adjoin the windows must be protected from moisture by installing drains and vapor barriers on the slopes. 2.56. Gates should be taken, as a rule, typical. With remote and automatic opening of the gate, it must also be possible to open them manually in all cases. The clear dimensions of the gate for overhead transport should be taken in excess of the dimensions of the vehicles (in the loaded state) by at least 0.2 m in height and 0.6 m in width.
stairs
2.57. The slope of the flights of staircases should be taken 1: 2 with a tread width of 0.3 m; for basement floors and attics it is allowed to take the slope of flights of stairs 1:1.5 with a tread width of 0.26 m. 2.58. Internal open stairs (in the absence of stairwell walls) must have a slope of no more than 1:1. The slope of open stairs for passage to single workplaces can be increased up to 2:1. For inspection of equipment with a lifting height of not more than 10 m, it is allowed to design vertical stairs with a width of 0.6 m. 2.59. External open steel stairs intended for evacuation of people must have a slope of no more than 1:1, if there are disabled people with impaired functioning of the musculoskeletal system - no more than 1:2 and a width of at least 0.7 m. These stairs must be with platforms at the level of emergency exits and have fences 1.2 m high. These stairs should be placed, as a rule, at blind (without windows) parts of walls with a fire resistance of at least 0.5 hours and a fire spread limit of zero, at distance of at least 1 m from window openings. 2.60. For buildings with a height from the planning ground level to the cornice or top of the parapet of 10 m or more, one exit to the roof should be designed (for every full and incomplete 40,000 m 2 of roof), including for buildings: one-story buildings without external evacuation stairs - along an external open steel stairs designed in accordance with clause 2.59; multi-storey - from the staircase. In cases where it is impractical to have a staircase for access to the roof within the height of the upper floor, it is allowed for buildings with a height from the planning mark of the ground to the mark of the finished floor of the upper floor of no more than 30 m to design an external open steel staircase in accordance with clause 2.59 for access to the roof from stairwell through the platform of this staircase. It is allowed not to provide access to the roof of one-story buildings with a coating with a total area of \u200b\u200bno more than 100 m 2. 2.61. For buildings with a height from the planning mark of the ground to the top of the cornice or parapet of more than 10 m, as well as at height differences and on the roof of light-aeration lamps, external steel fire escapes designed in accordance with SNiP 2.01.02-85 * should be provided. When determining the number and location of external steel fire escapes, one should take into account external stairs intended for evacuation of people (see clause 2.59) and external stairs intended for access to the roof (see clause 2.60).
3. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN OF BUILDINGS IN THE NORTHERN CONSTRUCTION AND CLIMATIC ZONE
3.1. Buildings should be designed, as a rule, simple rectangular shape in plan, without height difference. In cases where the height difference is necessary for technological or technical and economic reasons, it should, as a rule, be located to the windward or along the direction of the prevailing winds. 3.2. Premises with a wet humidity regime, as a rule, should not be placed near the outer walls of buildings. 3.3. Facades of buildings should be designed without niches, belts and other elements that delay atmospheric precipitation. 3.4. Placement of equipment and communications on the coverings of buildings is not allowed. 3.5. Evacuation exits from buildings should be placed, as a rule, in walls located parallel to the direction of the prevailing winds (according to the wind rose of the winter period). 3.6. At the entrances to a heated building, double vestibules (with three doors) should be provided; take the dimensions of each vestibule in accordance with clause 2.40; the inner vestibule must be heated. 3.7. Gates and technological openings in the outer walls of heated buildings must have air-thermal curtains; the gates of buildings with a damp or wet humidity regime of the premises must have air-thermal curtains and vestibules. 3.8*. When designing buildings on permafrost soils, principle I or II of using permafrost soils as a base should be adopted in accordance with SNiP 2.02.04-88. 3.9. Buildings (based on principle I) should be designed, as a rule, without basements or basement floors, tunnels and channels. In accordance with the technological part of the project, it is allowed to design heated basement or basement floors, tunnels and channels, provided that the design thermal regime of the base soils is maintained. 3.10. When designing buildings (with a foundation according to principle II), one should: a) provide for constructive solutions that ensure slow and uniform thawing of the foundation soils during construction and operation. In the case of preliminary thawing of soils, the foundation should, if necessary, provide for the improvement of the building properties of soils by compacting, fixing, etc.; b) assign the height of rooms, openings (gates, doors, etc.), height distances between the equipment and structures of buildings and structures with reserves that ensure the possibility of normal operation of the building during the settlement of structures and the preservation of the dimensions required by the standards after the end of the settlement; c) design foundations for equipment and handling devices, taking into account the possibility of bringing the equipment and handling devices to the design position in case of uneven precipitation during operation; d) provide for the possibility of bringing structures to the design position during settlements of buildings. 3.11. When designing buildings with a foundation according to principles I and II, furnaces and heat-generating units should be placed on ceilings or separate foundations that are not connected with supporting structures. 3.12. When designing buildings (with a foundation according to principle II), in cases where the deformations of the foundations do not exceed the limit values \u200b\u200bgiven in SNiP 2.02.01-83, structural diagrams of buildings can be accepted without taking into account the specifics of construction in the Northern building and climatic zone. 3.13. When designing buildings (with a foundation according to principle II), in cases where the deformations of the foundation may exceed the limit values given in SNiP 2.02.01-83, structural solutions must ensure the stability, strength and serviceability of buildings with uneven foundation settlements. To ensure these requirements, the building should be designed: with rigid constructive schemes, at which structural elements cannot have mutual movements; with flexible structural schemes, in which mutual movement of structural elements hinged to each other is possible while ensuring the stability and strength of these elements, as well as the serviceability of buildings. Multi-storey, as well one-story buildings with a span of 12 m or less should be designed, as a rule, with a rigid structural scheme, and one-story buildings with spans of more than 12 m (single-span and multi-span) - with a pliable structural scheme. 3.14. When designing buildings with a rigid structural scheme (with a foundation according to principle II), as a rule, one should: avoid wall breaks in the plan; provide internal walls for the entire width or length of the building; place transverse load-bearing walls or frames at a distance of no more than 12 m from one another; make window openings the same, placing them evenly; prevent local weakening of the walls as a result of the installation of niches, shtrabs, channels; provide for the connection of prefabricated elements of the coating and overlapping with each other; apply reinforced belts, reinforcement of piers and corners stone walls. 3.15. When designing buildings with a flexible structural scheme (with a foundation according to principle II), as a rule, one should: apply structural schemes of buildings with columns rigidly embedded in the foundations and hinged to the coatings; apply structures with the minimum allowable rigidity in the vertical plane; design coatings and ceilings in the form of rigid horizontal diaphragms associated with longitudinal and transverse walls and columns; assign areas of support and fastening of structural elements from the condition of ensuring strength in case of uneven settlement of the building. 3.16. The stability and strength of the building, elements and connections with rigid and compliant structural schemes should be checked for the most unfavorable combinations of loads and effects, including uneven subsidence of the base.APPENDIX
Mandatory
TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Mezzanine- a platform inside the building, on which premises for various purposes are located (industrial, administrative and household or for engineering equipment). Insert (insert) in a one-story industrial building - a two- or multi-story part of the building located within the one-story building over the entire height and width (insert) or part of the height and width (insert), highlighted by enclosing structures. Building engineering equipment- a system of instruments, apparatus, machines and communications that provides the supply and removal of liquids, gases, electricity (water, gas, heating, electrical, sewer, ventilation equipment). Mobile (inventory) building or structure- see GOST 25957-83. Playground- a single-tiered structure (without walls), located inside or outside the building, based on independent supports, building structures or equipment and intended for installation, maintenance or repair of equipment. Floors of the building, technical floors, basement, basement, above ground- see SNiP 2.08.01-89. Whatnot- multi-tiered frame structure(without walls), free-standing in the building or outside it and intended for placement and maintenance of technological and other equipment.In accordance with subparagraph 70-23) of paragraph 1 of Article 12 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated April 11, 2014 "On civil protection" I ORDER:
1. Approve the attached Technical Regulations "Requirements for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm systems, warning and managing the evacuation of people in case of fire."
2. The Committee for Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan shall ensure:
1) state registration of this order with the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
2) within ten working days from the date of state registration of this order, sending a copy of it in printed and electronic form in one copy in the state and Russian languages to the Republican State Enterprise on the right of economic management "Republican Center for Legal Information" for inclusion in the Standard Control Bank of regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3) placement on the official Internet resource of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan and on the intranet portal of state bodies;
4) within ten working days after the state registration of this order with the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, submission to the Legal Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan of information on the implementation of the measures provided for in subparagraphs 1), 2), 3) and 4) of this paragraph.
3. To impose control over the execution of this order on the Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Ilyin Yu.V. and on the chairman of the Committee for Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Bekker V.R.
4. This order comes into effect after ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication.
Technical regulations "Requirements for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatic fire alarm systems, warning and managing the evacuation of people in case of fire"
Chapter 1 Scope
1. This Technical Regulation "Requirements for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatic fire alarm systems, warning and managing the evacuation of people in case of fire" (hereinafter referred to as the Technical Regulation) was developed in order to implement the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated April 11, 2014 "On civil protection", the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated November 9, 2004 "On technical regulation" and the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 16, 2001 "On architectural, urban planning and construction activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan".
2. The requirements of this Technical Regulation apply to automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm systems, alerting and managing the evacuation of people in case of fire, designed to detect, notify, report information about the occurrence of a fire, extinguish a fire in buildings, premises and structures (hereinafter referred to as objects) and on life cycle processes.
The list of products that are subject to the requirements of this Technical Regulation is given in Appendix 1
3. This Technical Regulation does not apply to:
1) fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations designed to protect vehicles (trains, ships and aircraft);
2) systems of automatic fire extinguishing, automatic fire alarm and notification and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, installed in the mines of the mining and coal industry;
3) sensors of stationary gas detectors for maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances and pre-explosive concentrations of combustible gases and vapors in industrial premises and on outdoor sites of fire and explosion hazardous facilities;
4) technological process control systems, automatic and remote control(control systems), automatic emergency protection systems, as well as communication and emergency warning systems, including those supplied complete with equipment.
Chapter 2. Terms and definitions
4. The following basic terms and definitions are used in this Technical Regulation:
1) automatic - characterizes processes or devices that, under certain conditions, work or are performed without human intervention;
2) automatic fire extinguishing system - a set of jointly operating technical means designed to detect a fire, collect, process and present special information in a given form, notify about a fire and extinguish a fire in automatic mode;
3) automatic fire extinguishing installation - a fire extinguishing installation that automatically operates when the controlled fire factor (factors) exceeds the established threshold values in the protected area;
4) manufacturer - entity or individual registered as an individual entrepreneur, including a foreign manufacturer, engaged in the production or production and sale of products on its own behalf and responsible for its compliance with the requirements of technical regulations, including the Customs/Eurasian Economic Union;
5) deluge fire extinguishing installation - a water fire extinguishing installation equipped with normally open deluge sprinklers and is designed to detect and extinguish fires throughout the estimated area, as well as to create water curtains;
6) semi-automatic control - activation of the warning and evacuation control system by the dispatcher upon receipt of a command impulse from automatic fire alarm or fire extinguishing installations;
7) supplier - an individual or legal entity providing products, services;
8) security and fire alarm - receiving, processing, transmitting and presenting to consumers in a given form with the help of technical means of information about the penetration of protected objects and about a fire on them;
9) warning and evacuation control system - complex organizational measures and technical means designed to timely inform people about the occurrence of a fire and (or) the need and ways of evacuation;
10) products - the result of activity, presented in material form and intended for further use for economic and other purposes;
11) fire automatics - a set of mechanisms, instruments and devices that operate automatically in accordance with a given algorithm when performing the functions of a fire (security and fire) alarm, fire extinguishing, smoke removal, warning and control of the evacuation of people in case of fire;
12) fire post - a special room of the facility with round-the-clock stay of duty personnel, equipped with devices for monitoring the state of fire automatics;
13) deluge fire sprinkler - a sprinkler of water or foam fire extinguishing installations with an open outlet, designed to produce sprayed water or air-mechanical foam from an aqueous solution of a foam concentrate and distribute them over the protected area in order to extinguish a fire or localize it;
14) fire hydrant - a set consisting of a valve installed on a fire pipeline and equipped with a fire connection head, as well as a fire hose with a manual barrel;
15) fire alarm control panel - an integral part of a fire alarm installation for receiving information from fire detectors, generating a signal about a fire or a malfunction of the installation, generating signals to start fire alarm systems fire protection and for further transmission of commands to other devices;
16) fire safety requirements - special conditions of a social and (or) technical nature, established in order to ensure fire safety by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
17) fire warning zone - a part of the building where simultaneous and identical in terms of warning people about a fire is carried out;
18) fire alarm system - a set of fire alarm installations mounted at one facility and controlled from a common fire post;
19) fire alarm installation - a set of technical means for detecting a fire, transmitting a message about the place of its occurrence and processing a fire signal, special information and (or) issuing commands to turn on automatic fire extinguishing installations and other technical devices;
20) fire extinguishing installation - a set of stationary technical means designed to extinguish a fire by releasing a fire extinguishing agent;
21) fire sprinkler sprinkler - a sprinkler of water or foam fire extinguishing installations with a locking device for the outlet that opens when the thermal lock is triggered, is designed to produce sprayed water or air-mechanical foam from an aqueous solution of a foam concentrate and distribute them over the protected area in order to extinguish a fire or its localization;
22) fire detector - a device for generating a fire signal;
23) fire protection system - a set of technical and organizational measures and technical means aimed at preventing the impact on people of fire hazards and limiting material damage from it;
24) operational control - one of the forms of conformity assessment performed by the person responsible for the operation of fire automatics installations in the organization;
25) robotic fire extinguishing installation - a stationary automatic means, which is mounted on a fixed base, consists of a fire nozzle with several degrees of mobility and equipped with a drive system, program control devices and is designed to extinguish and localize a fire or cool process equipment and building structures;
26) sprinkler fire extinguishing installation - an automatic water fire extinguishing installation equipped with normally closed sprinklers that open when a certain temperature is reached;
27) stationary system fire extinguishing (non-automatic) - a system that includes tanks (vessels, containers) for fire extinguishing agent, a pumping station and a network of pipelines with devices designed to select and supply fire extinguishing agent to the fire zone.
Automation tools for these systems are used to ensure the inclusion of standby pumps in the event that the main pumps are out of order or do not provide the design head;
28) stationary installation of fire protection of technological equipment - a set of stationary technical means for cooling technological equipment and localizing a fire by supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the protected zone in automatic, remote or local start-up mode;
29) technical warning means - sound, speech, light and combined fire alarms, their control devices, as well as fire safety evacuation signs.
Chapter 3. Conditions for the circulation of products on the market of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Paragraph 1. General requirements
5. Systems and installations of fire automatics placed on the market are used to perform the task of detecting, notifying, reporting information about the occurrence of a fire, extinguishing a fire at facilities, and do not pose a danger to people, environment, property of individuals and legal entities.
6. The choice of product type, design, installation, testing and commissioning, technical maintenance (operation and maintenance), technical examination of fire automatics systems and installations is carried out in accordance with the requirements of this Technical Regulation.
7. Information on the technical characteristics of systems and installations, technical devices, fire extinguishing agents is indicated in the accompanying documentation for specific products. The composition of the accompanying documentation is determined depending on the type of product and the stage of its life cycle.
The accompanying documents include:
1) a passport for products with a description of the product design and technical specifications guaranteed by the manufacturer and a set of drawings explaining the design and operation of the product;
2) instruction (manual) containing information on conservation, storage, transportation, installation (assembly), testing, operation, maintenance of technical devices and safety requirements at all stages of their life cycle;
3) information about the certificate of conformity or declaration of conformity of products subject to mandatory certification in accordance with the Law
Paragraph 2. Requirements for product selection
8. The type of automatic fire extinguishing installation, the method of extinguishing, the type of fire extinguishing agents, the type of equipment for fire (security and fire) alarm systems, is determined by the design organization, taking into account the requirements of building codes and regulations, national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, depending on the technological process of production, building features facility, technical and economic indicators, fire hazard and physical and chemical properties of substances and materials produced, stored and used at the facility.
9. The list of facilities to be equipped with fire automatics systems and installations is determined in accordance with the requirements of the building codes of the Republic of Kazakhstan SN RK 2.02-11-2002 * "Norms for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire alarm systems, automatic settings fire extinguishing and warning people about a fire.
10. If the area of the premises to be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing systems is 50% or more of the total area of the premises of the building, it is necessary to provide for the equipment with automatic fire extinguishing systems for the building as a whole.
11. Sprinkler and deluge fire extinguishing installations are not used in rooms where, according to the production technology, water is not allowed for fire extinguishing.
12. The device of sprinkler installations should be provided in those premises where local extinguishing and localization of the source of fire is allowed, deluge installations - in those premises in which simultaneous fire extinguishing is required over the entire estimated area, as well as to create water curtains.
Paragraph 3. Requirements for the design of systems and installations of fire automatics
13. When developing design estimates for equipping facilities with automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatic fire alarm systems, warning and managing the evacuation of people in case of fire, it is necessary to be guided by the requirements of SN RK 2.02-11-2002 * "Norms for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire alarm systems, automatic fire extinguishing and fire warning systems.
14. A mandatory document for the development of design estimates for equipping facilities with systems and installations of fire automatics is the "Design Assignment".
15. Excluded by order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 59816. Excluded by order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).
Paragraph 4. Requirements for installation, testing and acceptance into operation of systems and installations of fire automatics
17. Works on the installation of systems and installations of fire automatics are carried out in accordance with the design estimate and working documentation, the project for the production of works and the technical documentation of manufacturers.
18. The units of measurement indicated in the technical documentation are provided according to the international system of units (hereinafter referred to as SI).
19. For equipment, products and materials used in the installation of systems and installations of fire automatics that meet the specifications of the project, provide certificates (for equipment subject to mandatory certification in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated November 9, 2004 "On technical regulation"), passports, instructions (for assembly, testing and operation).
20. Materials used in systems and installations of fire automatics are used only if they comply with the requirements of national, interstate and international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as sanitary and epidemiological requirements.
21. During installation, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of the Fire Safety Rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 9, 2014 No. 1077.
22. Cylinders of gas fire extinguishing installations and other pressure vessels are checked and certified before installation in accordance with the Rules for Ensuring Industrial Safety in the Operation of Pressure Equipment, approved by Order of the Minister for Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 30, 2014 No. 358 (registered in the Register of State Registration of Normative Legal Acts No. 10303). It is not allowed to accept for installation cylinders with an expired inspection period.
23. When accepting pipeline (shut-off, control, safety) valves for installation, they check the presence on the body of the marking of conditional or working pressure, the distinctive color of the valve corresponding to its purpose and material, as well as documents confirming its delivery by the manufacturer, and testing for strength and tightness.
24. Works performed on the installation of systems and installations of fire automatics are drawn up in accordance with the requirements of SN RK 1.03-00-2011 " Construction production. Organization of construction of enterprises, buildings and structures.
25. Works on individual and complex adjustment of systems and installations of fire automatics (commissioning works) are carried out after the completion of installation work.
26. Commissioning should ensure reliable and smooth operation systems and installations of fire automatics.
Commissioning includes individual testing of mounted circuits with equipment, devices and regulators in order to verify the correct installation, their performance, as well as complex adjustment in order to bring systems and installations to operating mode.
27. By the start of work on the adjustment of individual elements and assemblies, mounted systems and installations of fire automatics, all control and shut-off valves are brought into working condition.
28. During the period of complex adjustment, adjustment and adjustment of fire automatics systems and installations is carried out. Comprehensive adjustment is completed by preparation for the commissioning of fire automation systems and installations.
29. Upon acceptance into operation of systems and installations of fire automatics, a commission is appointed by order of the head of the enterprise or organization of the customer.
30. The commission includes representatives of the customer (general contractor), installation organization, start-up organization.
If necessary, the commission includes a representative of a specialized organization that performs maintenance of fire automatics systems and installations.
31. By the time the systems and installations of fire automatics are accepted for operation, all installation work, complex adjustment and acceptance tests are carried out.
Acceptance tests are carried out in the scope of technical documentation for systems and installations of fire automatics of specific types and modifications.
32. When accepting systems and installations of fire automatics for operation, the installation and commissioning organizations provide:
1) as-built documentation (a set of working drawings with changes made to them);
2) certificates (for equipment subject to mandatory certification), technical passports or other documents certifying the quality of materials, products and equipment used in the production of installation work;
3) production documentation.
33. Acceptance of systems and installations of fire automatics for operation is drawn up by an act of acceptance into operation of systems and installations of fire automatics in the form in accordance with Appendix 2 to this Technical Regulation.
Paragraph 5. Requirements for the technical maintenance and certification of systems and installations of fire automatics
34. In order to ensure the operability and reliable operation of fire automatics systems and installations, departmental (industry, facility) rules and instructions for the technical maintenance of fire automatics systems and installations are developed taking into account the characteristics of the facilities and the specifics of production processes.
35. Rules and instructions for the technical maintenance of systems and installations of fire automatics are developed taking into account the requirements of this Technical Regulation and the Technical Regulation "General requirements for fire safety", approved by order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated June 23, 2017 No. 439 (registered in the Register of State registration of normative legal acts under No. 15501).
Footnote. Paragraph 35 as amended by the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).36. From the moment the systems and installations of fire automatics are put into operation, maintenance and scheduled preventive repairs are organized at each facility.
37. Maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance of fire automatics systems and installations is carried out only by qualified specialists of the facility who have received appropriate training or organizations that carry out this type of activity on a contractual basis (hereinafter referred to as the Contractor).
Footnote. Paragraph 37 as amended by the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).38. The presence of a contract for maintenance work and scheduled preventive maintenance of fire automatics systems and installations with the organization does not remove the responsibility from the facility manager for fulfilling the requirements of this Technical Regulation.
Footnote. Paragraph 38 as amended by the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).39. Maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance of systems and installations of fire automatics includes:
1) carrying out planned preventive work;
2) Troubleshooting and maintenance;
3) provision by the Contractor of assistance to the Customer in matters of proper operation.
40. The frequency of maintenance, scheduled preventive maintenance and the scope of work are established in accordance with the requirements of the operational documentation for the technical means of the serviced systems and installations of fire automatics, and are indicated in the contract.
41. For the qualified operation and maintenance of fire automatics systems and installations at the facility, by order of the head, the following personnel are appointed:
1) the person responsible for the operation of fire automatics systems and installations;
2) specialists to perform maintenance and preventive maintenance of fire automatics systems and installations. The training of specialists is carried out by the person responsible for the operation of fire automatics systems and installations according to the program approved by the head of the facility;
3) operational (duty) personnel to monitor the status of fire automatics systems and installations, as well as call the fire service in the event of a fire.
Footnote. Paragraph 41 as amended by the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).42. At the facilities for maintenance personnel, "Instructions for the operation of systems and installations of fire automatics" and "Instructions for duty (operational) personnel" are developed.
43. The person responsible for the operation of systems and installations of fire automatics ensures:
1) fulfillment of the requirements of this Technical Regulation;
2) control and acceptance of work on maintenance and preventive maintenance in accordance with the schedule and schedule of work under the contract;
3) maintaining systems and installations of fire automatics in working condition by organizing timely maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance;
4) training of service and duty personnel, as well as instructing persons working in protected premises on actions when fire automatics systems and installations are triggered;
5) development of the necessary operational documentation, and its maintenance;
manufacturers - when supplying incomplete technical devices and equipment of systems and installations of fire automatics or not corresponding to the technical documentation;
installation organizations - upon detection of poor-quality installation;
service organizations - for untimely and poor-quality maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance of systems and installations of fire automatics.
44. The maintenance personnel of the facility or the Contractor must know the design and principle of operation of fire automation systems and installations installed at the facility, know and comply with the requirements of these Technical Regulations, rules, instructions for operating fire automation systems and installations, perform routine maintenance on time and fill out relevant operational documentation.
45. At a facility equipped with fire automation systems and installations, you must have the following documentation:
1) design and estimate documentation for systems and installations of fire automatics;
2) executive documentation (a set of working drawings), acts of concealed work (if any), tests and measurements;
3) an act of acceptance into operation of systems and installations of fire automatics in the form in accordance with Appendix 2
4) passports for technical means that are part of systems and installations of fire automatics;
5) a list of installed devices and equipment of systems and installations of fire automatics in the form in accordance with Appendix 3 to this Technical Regulation;
6) passports for charging cylinders of gas fire extinguishing installations (if any) with fire extinguishing compositions;
7) instructions for the operation of systems and installations of fire automatics;
8) regulations for maintenance work;
9) schedule of maintenance and preventive maintenance;
10) operational log of systems and installations of fire automatics in the form in accordance with Appendix 4 to this Technical Regulation;
11) duty schedule of operational (duty) personnel;
12) job descriptions duty and maintenance personnel, the person responsible for carrying out maintenance and scheduled preventive repairs, an agreement with the organization for carrying out maintenance and scheduled preventive repairs (at facilities serviced by organizations);
13) a log of the training of the personnel of the facility for the evacuation of people using warning systems and evacuation management (if any) in any form.
Footnote. Paragraph 45 as amended by the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).46. Systems and installations of fire automatics must be constantly in the standby (design) mode of operation.
47. During the period of maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance, the implementation of which is associated with the shutdown of fire automatics systems and installations, the facility administration ensures fire safety of the objects protected by fire automatics systems and installations, compensating measures.
48. After the expiration of the service life specified in the documentation for the technical device that is part of the systems and installations of fire automatics, as well as in cases of failure of the systems and installations of fire automatics, a technical examination of these systems and installations is carried out in order to determine the possibility of their further use according to appointment.
49. Technical examination of systems and installations of fire automatics is carried out by a commission with the obligatory participation of representatives of the Customer, the Contractor, if necessary, specialists from other organizations.
50. The results of the survey are documented by the certificate of survey of systems and installations of fire automatics in the form in accordance with Appendix 5 to this Technical Regulation.
51. Installation, testing and acceptance into operation of the upgraded systems and installations of fire automatics are carried out in accordance with the requirements established in paragraph 4 of Chapter 3 of this Technical Regulation.
Chapter 4. Requirements for product safety and processes of its life cycle
Paragraph 1. General requirements
52. Safety requirements for systems and installations of fire automatics are established in the technical documentation for systems and installations of fire automatics of a particular type and modification in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
53. For systems and installations of fire automatics, it is necessary to take the 1st category of reliability of power supply in accordance with the Rules for the installation of electrical installations approved by order of the Minister of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated March 20, 2015 No. 230 (registered in the Register of State Registration of Regulatory Legal Acts No. 10851) (hereinafter - PUE).
54. The equipment of systems and installations of fire automatics must be grounded (neutralized) in accordance with PUE requirements, GOST 12.1.030-81 "System of labor safety standards. Electrical safety. Protective grounding. Grounding", and other national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
55. Control units and manual switching valves of automatic fire extinguishing installations are protected and sealed, with the exception of control units and manual switching valves installed in the premises of pumping stations or fire stations.
56. The control units of automatic fire extinguishing installations located in the protected premises are separated from these premises by fire partitions and ceilings with a fire resistance limit of EI 45, outside the protected premises - by glazed or mesh partitions.
57. Locking devices (gate valves, valves, cocks) must be equipped with indicators (arrows) of the direction of fluid flow and the inscriptions "OPEN" and "CLOSED", to exclude the possibility of accidental or spontaneous switching on and off of automatic fire extinguishing installations.
58. When operating automatic fire extinguishing installations, it is prohibited:
1) use pipelines of automatic fire extinguishing installations for suspension or fastening of any equipment;
2) connect production equipment and sanitary appliances to the pipelines of automatic fire extinguishing installations;
3) use internal fire hydrants installed on the pipelines of automatic fire extinguishing sprinkler installations for other purposes than extinguishing fires.
59. In the premises of the pumping station and control units, a schematic diagram of the pumping unit is posted, in accordance with which pumps, control units, valves and other equipment should be numbered.
60. In the premises of the pumping station, working and emergency lighting are provided, as well as telephone communication with the fire post (control room).
61. At the place of testing or repair work install warning signs "Attention. Danger (other hazards)" in accordance with the requirements of ST RK GOST R 12.4.026-2002 "Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. General specifications and the procedure for use" with the explanatory inscription "Tests are in progress!", as well as post instructions and safety rules.
62. The storage room for the foaming agent is determined in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Paragraph 2. General requirements for fire extinguishing installations
63. Fire extinguishing installations are subdivided into aggregate, modular and microencapsulated according to the degree of automation, according to the degree of automation - into automatic, autonomous and manual, according to the type of fire extinguishing agent - into liquid (water, aqueous solutions, other fire extinguishing liquids), foam, gas, powder, aerosol and combined, according to the method of extinguishing - into volumetric, surface, local-volume and local-surface.
64. The type of fire extinguishing installation, the method of extinguishing and the type of fire extinguishing agent are determined by the design organization. In this case, the fire extinguishing installation must provide:
1) implementation of effective fire extinguishing technologies, optimal inertia, minimally harmful effect on the protected equipment;
2) operation for a time not exceeding the duration initial stage fire development (critical time of free development of a fire);
3) the required intensity of irrigation or the specific consumption of the fire extinguishing agent;
4) extinguishing a fire in order to eliminate or localize it within the time necessary for the commissioning of operational forces and means;
5) the required operational reliability.
Paragraph 3. General requirements for automatic fire extinguishing installations
65. Design solutions for automatic fire extinguishing installations (hereinafter referred to as installations) are developed in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate and international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and normative documents in part:
2) seismicity and vibration;
3) strength and tightness.
66. Installations should provide:
1) actuation at the initial stage of fire development;
2) localization of the fire during the time necessary for the commissioning of operational forces and means;
3) extinguishing a fire in order to eliminate it by surface or volumetric method of supplying a fire extinguishing agent;
4) the required intensity of supply and (or) the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent;
5) the required reliability of functioning (localization or extinguishing).
67. Installations must be equipped with devices:
1) the supply of sound and light signals for warning about a fire and the place of its occurrence;
2) monitoring the operability of the installation, pressure (level) in filled pipelines and containers containing a fire extinguishing agent, and (or) the mass of the fire extinguishing agent;
3) supply of gas and (or) liquid for flushing (purging) pipelines and for testing;
4) for installation and maintenance of sprinklers and pipelines at a given height of their placement;
5) to delay the supply of gas and powder fire extinguishing agents for the time necessary to evacuate people from the fire room.
68. Installations must ensure the formation of a command pulse during volumetric fire extinguishing:
1) on automatic shutdown ventilation (air conditioning) systems and blocking, if necessary, openings to adjacent premises before the release of the fire extinguishing agent into the protected premises;
2) for self-closing doors;
3) to delay the supply of fire extinguishing agent to the protected volume for the time necessary for the evacuation of people.
69. When volumetric (powder, gas or foam) fire extinguishing installations are triggered inside the protected premises, a signal should be given in the form of an inscription on the light panel "Gas (foam, powder) - go away!" and an audible alert. At the entrance to the protected premises, a signal should be given in the form of an inscription on the light panel "Gas (foam, powder) - do not enter!", And in the premises of the duty personnel, a corresponding signal with information about the supply of fire extinguishing agent.
70. Installations, with the exception of sprinklers, must be equipped with manual:
1) remote start - from devices located at the entrance to the protected premises, and, if necessary, from a fire station;
2) local start - from devices installed on the shut-off and starting unit and (or) at the fire extinguishing station located inside the protected premises.
71. Manual start devices must be protected from accidental actuation and mechanical damage and be located outside the possible combustion zone.
72. Robotic fire extinguishing installations must provide:
1) detection and elimination or limitation of the spread of fire outside the source without the direct presence of a person in the area of operation of the installation;
2) the possibility of remote control of the installation and transfer of information from the place of work of the installation to the operator;
3) the ability to perform their functions under the influence of hazardous factors of fire and explosion, radiation and chemical effects.
73. Drivers of automatic fire extinguishing systems should be located in the protected room in such a way as to ensure timely detection of a fire anywhere in the room.
74. The operation of installations should not lead to a fire and (or) explosion of combustible materials in the premises of the facility and in open areas.
75. The method of supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the fire site should not lead to an increase in the fire area due to spilling, spraying or spraying combustible materials.
76. Stationary fire protection installations for technological equipment should be used in buildings and structures in which the use of other installations is impractical or technically impossible.
77. The type of fire extinguishing agents, the intensity of their supply, the type of fire fighting equipment for stationary fire protection installations are determined depending on the characteristics of the protected object, the type and location of the fire load, taking into account the requirements of national, interstate and international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan and regulatory documents in the field of fire safety.
Footnote. Paragraph 77 as amended by the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019№ 598 (shall be enforced upon expiration of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).78. Installations must simultaneously perform the functions of an automatic fire alarm.
Paragraph 4. Requirements for automatic water fire extinguishing installations
79. Installations by type of sprinklers are divided into:
sprinkler;
deluge.
80. Sprinkler installations are divided into:
water-filled - to protect rooms with minimum temperature air during the year above 4ºС;
air - to protect unheated premises located in areas with a heating period of more than 240 days a year, with an average daily air temperature of 8ºС or less;
water-air (variable) - to protect unheated premises located in areas with a heating period of 240 days a year or less, with an average daily air temperature of 8ºС or less.
81. Drencher water fire extinguishing installations (hereinafter referred to as DUVP) are divided into:
hydraulic;
mechanical;
pneumatic;
electrical;
combined.
82. Installations according to the response time are divided into:
83. Installations according to the duration of action are divided into:
medium duration of action, no more than 30 minutes;
long-term action, over 30 minutes, but not more than 60 minutes.
84. Installations must provide a given intensity of irrigation in the protected area during the entire period of operation.
85. Installations are equipped with an automatic water feeder that provides the estimated flow and pressure, or a pulse device that maintains the installation in standby (control) mode under pressure until the main water feeder is turned on.
86. For installations, the following power supply parameters are accepted:
1) the voltage of the networks is constant and alternating current in accordance with the requirements of ST RK 1899-2009 "" and other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
2) voltage fluctuation ranging from minus 15% to plus 10%;
3) AC frequency within (50 + 0.1) Hz.
87. The calculated value of the probability of failure-free operation of installations at the development stage should be at least 0.924.
88. The average service life of installations before overhaul should be at least 10 years.
89. Installations should provide:
1) strength and tightness of pipe joints at a given pressure and their connections to fittings and instruments;
2) reliability of fixing pipes on supporting structures and the structures themselves on the grounds;
3) the possibility of their inspection, washing, purging and maintenance.
90. In installations, it is not allowed to use sprinklers that have cracks, dents and other defects that affect the reliability of their operation.
91. Placement of control units, installation of pipelines is carried out in accordance with the requirements of SN RK 2.02-02-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures", SP RK 2.02-102-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures".
92. Tanks used in installations as an automatic water feeder or an impulse device must comply with the requirements of SP RK 2.02-102-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures".
93. Electric control of installations should provide:
2) automatic start of the standby pump in case of failure to start or failure of the working pump to enter the fire extinguishing mode within the set response time;
4) automatic switching of control circuits from a working to a backup power supply with electrical energy.
94. Installations must have devices for manually shutting off pumps in the premises of the fire extinguishing pumping station.
95. Light signaling is provided in the premises of the pumping station:
on the presence of voltage at the main and backup inputs of power supply and phase-to-earth closure (on call);
about damage to the electric control lines by electric locking devices installed on the incentive pipelines of the control units of deluge installations.
96. In a room with personnel who monitor the operation of the installation around the clock, light and sound alarms are provided:
1) about the operation of the installation (with decoding in directions);
2) about blocking the automatic start-up of pumps;
3) about a malfunction of the installation (general signal - about a pressure drop in an automatic water feeder or an impulse device, about an emergency water level in a tank or a drainage pit, about damage to the electric control lines of locking devices, about a power failure at the main power supply input);
4) about a malfunction of electric gate valves.
97. Control units upon completion of installation are supplied with a plate indicating:
2) direction numbers;
4) type and number of sprinklers;
98. Pipelines and control units of installations are painted in accordance with the requirements of ST RK GOST R 12.4.026-2002 "Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. General technical conditions and application procedure" and ST RK 1174-2003 "Fire equipment for protecting facilities . Main types. Accommodation and service", as well as other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Coating class - in accordance with the requirements of ST RK 1979-2010 "", as well as other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
99. Painting sprinklers, detectors, thermal locks is not allowed.
100. Installations are provided with a supply of sprinklers at the facility of at least 10% of the number of installations mounted on distribution pipelines and at least 2% for testing.
It is forbidden to install plugs and plugs instead of opened and faulty sprinklers.
Paragraph 5. Requirements for automatic foam fire extinguishing installations
101. Installations by design are divided into:
sprinkler;
deluge.
102. Deluge installations according to the method of starting (by the type of drive of the alarm valve of the control unit) are divided into:
electrical;
hydraulic;
pneumatic;
mechanical;
combined.
103. Installations according to the response time are divided into:
fast-acting, with a response time of no more than 3 seconds;
medium inertia, with a response time of no more than 30 seconds;
inertial, with a response time of more than 30 seconds, but not more than 180 seconds.
104. Installations according to the method of extinguishing a fire are divided into:
fire extinguishing installations by area;
volumetric fire extinguishing installations.
105. Installations by duration of action are divided into:
short-term action, no more than 10 minutes;
medium duration, no more than 15 minutes;
long-acting, over 15 minutes, but not more than 25 minutes.
106. Installations according to the ratio of foam are divided into:
fire extinguishing installations with low expansion foam (expansion from 5 to 20);
fire extinguishing installations with medium expansion foam (expansion from 20 to 200);
fire extinguishing installations with high expansion foam (expansion over 200).
107. Installations must provide a given intensity of foam supply not lower than the standard one for a specified duration of action in accordance with the requirements of SN RK 2.02-02-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures", SP RK 2.02-102-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures".
108. Installations must ensure strength and tightness at a test pressure of 1.5 MPa.
109. Foam concentrates used in installations must comply with the requirements of ST RK 1609-2006 "Foam concentrates for fire extinguishing. General technical requirements. Test methods" and other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
110. Installations are provided with devices:
1) pressure control in filled pipelines and in a pulse device;
2) pumping the foam concentrate from the transport tank;
3) automatic dosing of the foaming agent when it is stored separately;
4) supply of a foaming agent solution from mobile fire fighting equipment, providing the maximum design flow and pressure in the design section;
5) draining the foam concentrate from storage tanks or its solution from pipelines;
6) level control in tanks for water, foaming agent and its solution.
When using a foaming agent solution, devices for mixing it must be provided.
111. The units are equipped with an automatic water feeder that provides the estimated flow and pressure, or a pulse device that maintains the unit in the standby (control) mode under pressure until the main water feeder is turned on.
112. Tanks used in installations as an automatic water feeder or an impulse device must comply with the requirements of SP RK 2.02-102-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures".
113. Electric control of installations should provide:
1) automatic start of the working pump;
2) automatic start of the reserve pump in case of failure to start or failure of the working pump to enter the fire extinguishing mode within the set time;
3) automatic control of electric drives of valves;
4) automatic switching of control circuits from a working to a backup power supply with electrical energy;
5) automatic start of the dosing pump;
6) automatic start-up of the standby metering pump in the event that the working metering pump does not enter the operating mode within the set time;
7) the possibility of manual start-up of pumps, metering pumps and electric drives of shut-off valves from the premises of the pumping station.
114. Light signaling is provided in the premises of the pumping station:
about the presence of voltage at the main and backup inputs of power supply and the short circuit of phases to the ground (on call);
about blocking the automatic start-up of pumps and a dosing pump;
about the emergency level in the tank;
about the emergency level in the drainage pit;
about damage to the electric control line by locking devices with an electric drive installed on the incentive pipelines of the control units of deluge installations and pressure pipelines of metering pumps (with decoding in directions).
115. In a room with personnel who monitor the operation of the installation around the clock, light and sound alarms are provided:
about the operation of the installation (with decoding in directions);
about blocking the automatic start-up of pumps;
about a malfunction of the installation (a general signal about a pressure drop in an automatic water feeder or an impulse device, an emergency water level in a tank or a drainage pit, damage to the electric control lines of locking devices, a power failure at the main power supply input);
about a malfunction of electric gate valves.
116. Control units of fire extinguishing installations must provide:
1) the ability to control the state of the installation;
2) issuing a signal to generate a command pulse about a fire, to turn on pumps, turn off technological and electrical equipment;
3) passage of a fire extinguishing agent into the supply and distribution pipelines.
117. Placement of control units, installation of pipelines is carried out in accordance with the requirements of SN RK 2.02-02-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures", SP RK 2.02-102-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures".
118. Control units upon completion of installation are supplied with a plate indicating:
1) the name of the node and its number;
2) direction numbers;
3) the name of the protected premises;
4) type and number of sprinklers;
5) a functional diagram of the piping and a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing installation;
7) how to put the plant into operation.
119. The control units and pipelines of the installations are subjected to washing and cleaning from dirt and rust at least once every five years with the change of sites that have become unusable.
120. Pipelines and control units of installations are painted in accordance with the requirements of ST RK GOST R 12.4.026-2002 "Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. General technical conditions and procedures for use" and ST RK 1174-2003 "Fire equipment for the protection of facilities . Main types. Accommodation and service", as well as other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Coating class - in accordance with the requirements of ST RK 1979-2010 "Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control units. General specifications", as well as other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but not lower than class VI .
121. Painting foam sprinklers, detectors, thermal locks is not allowed.
122. The average service life of installations before overhaul should be at least 10 years.
123. The probability of failure-free operation of installations must be at least 0.924.
124. Installations are provided with a stock of foam sprinklers or foaming devices at the facility of at least 10% of the number of installed ones and at least 2% for testing. It is forbidden to replace open and faulty sprinklers with plugs and plugs, as well as sprinklers with a diameter that does not correspond to the installation project.
125. Within the limits of one protected room, foam sprinklers with outlets of the same diameter are installed.
Paragraph 6. Requirements for automatic gas fire extinguishing installations
centralized;
modular.
According to the starting method, they are divided into:
with electric;
with pneumatic;
with cable (mechanical);
combined start.
volumetric fire extinguishing installations;
local fire extinguishing installations.
for modules using freons as a fire extinguishing agent - no more than 10 seconds;
for modules using inert gases as a fire extinguishing agent - no more than 60 seconds.
By type of fire extinguishing agent:
carbon dioxide;
freon;
127. Equipment, products, materials, gas fire extinguishing compositions and gases for their displacement used in the installation must have a passport, documents certifying their quality, shelf life and comply with the conditions of use and the project specification for the installation.
128. The installations use only gas fire extinguishing compositions that meet the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
129. Air, nitrogen, inert gases and their mixtures are used as gas for displacing gaseous fire-extinguishing compositions. The dew point for air should be no more than minus 40 0 С.
130. Vessels (vessels of various designs, cylinders installed separately or in batteries) used in fire extinguishing installations must comply with the requirements of the Rules for Ensuring Industrial Safety in the Operation of Pressure Equipment, approved by order of the Minister for Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 30, 2014 year No. 358 (registered in the Register of State Registration of Regulatory Legal Acts No. 10303).
131. Installations provide devices for controlling the amount of gas fire extinguishing composition and the pressure of the propellant gas.
Installations in which the gaseous extinguishing agent is a compressed gas under operating conditions must be provided with pressure control devices.
132. Installations must provide a response time (excluding the delay time for the release of a gas fire extinguishing composition necessary for evacuating people, stopping process equipment) of no more than 15 seconds.
133. Installations must ensure the concentration of the gas fire extinguishing composition in the volume of the protected premises is not lower than the standard.
134. Filling vessels with gas fire extinguishing composition and propellant gas by weight (pressure) must comply with the requirements of the project for installation and technical documentation for vessels, gas fire extinguishing composition, as well as their operating conditions. For cylinders of the same standard size in the installation, the calculated values for filling with a gas fire extinguishing composition and propellant gas must be the same.
135. Centralized installations, in addition to the estimated amount of gas fire extinguishing composition, must have a 100% reserve. The supply of gas fire extinguishing composition in centralized installations is not mandatory.
136. Modular installations, in addition to the estimated amount of gas fire extinguishing composition, must have a 100% margin. The reserve of gas fire extinguishing composition in modular installations is not mandatory.
The stock of gaseous fire extinguishing composition should be stored at the facility in cylinders similar to cylinders of installations. The supply of gas fire extinguishing composition must be prepared for installation.
If there are several modular installations at the facility, the total supply of gas fire extinguishing composition must be in an amount sufficient to completely replace cylinders of each size in any of the installations used at the facility.
If there is a reserve of gas fire extinguishing composition in the modular installation, the supply of gas fire extinguishing composition for this installation is not mandatory.
It is not recommended to place a reserve (reserve) of a gaseous fire-extinguishing composition in a protected room.
137. The mass of the gas fire extinguishing composition and the pressure of the propellant gas in each vessel of the installation, including vessels with a reserve of gas fire extinguishing composition in centralized installations and cylinders with a reserve or reserve of gas fire extinguishing composition in modular installations, must be at least 95% of their calculated values.
The pressure of the gas fire-extinguishing composition, which under the operating conditions of the installations are compressed gases, must be controlled.
138. Pipelines for supplying a gas fire extinguishing composition and their connections in installations must ensure strength at a pressure of at least 1.25 of the maximum pressure of the gas fire extinguishing composition in the vessel under operating conditions, and for incentive pipelines and their connections, at least 1.25 of the maximum gas pressure (air) in the incentive system.
139. Incentive pipelines and their connections in installations must ensure tightness at a pressure of at least 1.25 of the maximum gas (air) pressure in the incentive system.
140. Means of electric control of installations should provide:
1) automatic and manual remote start;
2) shutdown and restoration of automatic start;
3) automatic switching of power supply from the main source to the backup one when the voltage is turned off at the main source;
4) control of serviceability (break, short circuit) of fire alarm loops and connecting lines;
5) control of serviceability (break) of electric circuits of control of starting elements;
6) pressure control in launchers, cylinders and incentive pipelines;
7) control of sound and light signaling serviceability (on call);
8) turning off the sound alarm;
9) generation and issuance of a command pulse to control the process and electrical equipment of the volume, ventilation, air conditioning, as well as fire warning devices.
141. The installations must ensure the delay in the release of the gas fire extinguishing composition into the protected premises during automatic and manual remote start for the time necessary to evacuate people from the premises, but not less than 10 seconds from the moment the evacuation warning devices are turned on in the premises.
The time of complete closing of the dampers (valves) in the air ducts of the ventilation systems in the protected room should not exceed the delay time for the release of the gaseous fire extinguishing composition into this room.
142. In the premises of a fire post or other premises with personnel on round-the-clock duty, light and sound alarms are provided that comply with the requirements of SN RK 2.02-02-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures", SP RK 2.02-102-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures."
143. Installations are equipped with local start-up devices. Starting elements of devices for local switching of installations, including switchgears, are supplied with plates indicating the names of the protected premises.
144. Placement of devices for remote start, shutdown of automatic start of installations when opening doors, as well as restoration of the automatic start-up of installations is determined in accordance with the requirements of SN RK 2.02-02-2012 "Fire automation of buildings and structures", SP RK 2.02-102-2012 " Fire automatics of buildings and structures.
Devices for restoring the automatic start-up mode of installations may be placed at the entrances to the protected premises if there is a fence that prevents unauthorized persons from accessing them.
145. The nozzles of the installations are placed and oriented in space in accordance with the design for the installation and the technical documentation for the nozzles.
In places of possible damage to the nozzles, they are protected.
146. In installations it is not allowed to use nozzles that have cracks, dents and other defects that affect their performance.
147. Installations provide a stock of fire detectors and sprinklers for the incentive system of at least 10% of the number of installed ones.
It is forbidden to replace opened sprinklers and faulty nozzles with plugs and plugs, as well as nozzles that do not comply with the installation project.
148. The outer surfaces of pipelines, except for threaded connections and sealing surfaces, are painted with protective paint.
149. Painting of components of installations, including pipelines, is carried out in accordance with the requirements of ST RK GOST R 12.4.026-2002 "Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. General technical conditions and application procedure" and ST RK 1174-2003 "Fire fighting equipment for the protection of facilities. Main types. Accommodation and maintenance", as well as other interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Painting nozzles, fire detectors and temperature-sensitive elements in incentive systems is not allowed.
150. The service life of installations before overhaul should be at least 10 years.
Paragraph 7. Requirements for automatic powder fire extinguishing installations
151. According to their design, powder fire extinguishing installations are divided into modular and modular.
According to the start-up method, the installations are divided into:
cable ( mechanical systems with thermal locks);
with electric start.
According to the method of extinguishing, they are divided into:
volume;
superficial;
local quenching by volume.
By response time (inertia):
low-inertia (with inertia no more than 3 seconds);
medium inertia (with inertia from 3 to 180 seconds);
increased inertia (with an inertia of more than 180 seconds).
By duration:
fast action - pulse (I), with an action time of up to 1 second;
short-term action (KD-1), with an action time of 1 to 15 seconds;
short-term action (KD-2), with an action time of more than 15 seconds.
According to the method of storage of the displacing gas in the module case (tank):
pumping;
with a gas generating (pyrotechnic) element;
with cylinders of compressed or liquefied gas.
According to the capacity of a single module housing (capacity):
modular (fast-acting pulse installations (I) - from 0.2 to 50 liters;
installations of short-term action (KD) - from 2 to 250 liters;
aggregate installations - from 250 to 5000 liters.
152. Installations are not used to extinguish fires:
1) combustible materials prone to spontaneous combustion and smoldering inside the volume of the substance;
2) chemicals and their mixtures, pyrophoric and polymeric materials prone to smoldering and burning without air access.
153. Requirements for design, reliability, resistance to external influences, completeness, packaging and labeling, as well as safety requirements for installations and methods for their testing, are determined in accordance with the requirements of ST RK 1302-2004 "Automatic powder fire extinguishing installations. Modules. General technical conditions" and other national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
154. In rooms where extinguishing of the entire protected volume is provided, measures are taken to seal (sealing) openings against self-opening of doors.
155. In duct systems of general ventilation, air heating and air conditioning of the protected premises provide for air locks or fire dampers.
Paragraph 7-1. Requirements for modular air-dispersion fire extinguishing installations
Footnote. Chapter 4 is supplemented with paragraph 7-1 in accordance with the order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 06/28/2019 No. 598 (shall be enforced ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).
155-1. Starting method modular plants subdivided into:
with thermal lock;
with electric start.
155-2. According to the method of extinguishing, they are divided into:
volume;
superficial;
local quenching by volume.
155-3. By duration:
short-term action, with an action time of 1 to 15 seconds;
short-term action, with an action time of more than 15 seconds.
155-4. According to the capacity of a single module case (capacity):
short-term modules - from 2 to 8 liters;
short-term modules - from 8 to 80 liters.
155-5. According to the method of storage of the displacing gas in the module case (tank) - injection.
Paragraph 8. General requirements for automatic fire (fire and security) alarm systems
156. Fire alarm installations (systems) consist of six types of technical means:
devices of reception and control fire and security fire;
fire control devices;
notification devices;
linear structures;
fire detectors;
addressable fire alarm systems.
Devices for receiving and control fire and security fire (hereinafter referred to as PPKP):
According to the information capacity (the number of monitored alarm loops), control panels are divided into devices:
low information capacity - up to 5 alarm loops;
medium information capacity - from 6 to 20 alarm loops;
large information capacity - more than 20 alarm loops.
low information content - up to 3 types of notices;
medium information content - from 3 to 5 types of notices;
high information content - more than 5 types of notices.
devices without redundancy;
redundant devices.
According to the control object, PPU are divided into the following groups:
to control water and foam fire extinguishing installations;
to control gas fire extinguishing installations;
to control powder fire extinguishing installations;
to control aerosol fire extinguishing installations;
to control smoke exhaust systems;
to control other devices;
According to the information capacity (the number of protected zones), PPUs are divided into devices:
small capacity - up to 5 zones;
medium capacity - from 6 to 20 zones;
large capacity - more than 20 zones.
By branching (the number of switched circuits per one protected zone), PPUs are divided into devices:
low branching - up to 3;
medium branching - from 4 to 6;
large branching - more than 6.
If possible, the redundancy of the components of the PPU are divided into devices:
without reservation;
with reservation.
157. Automatic systems fire alarms are used to ensure automatic fire detection, fire reporting to the fire station, generation and transmission of control signals to technical means of warning and managing the evacuation of people, control devices for fire extinguishing installations, smoke removal, engineering and technological equipment.
158. The installations must ensure that the personnel on duty are informed about the detection of a malfunction in the communication lines between individual technical means by means of light and sound signals other than fire signals.
159. Fire (security and fire) alarm systems must ensure the supply of a light and sound signal about the occurrence of a fire to the receiving and control device in the premises of duty personnel and to special remote warning devices in buildings and structures.
160. Technical means of automatic installations of fire (security and fire) alarm systems must ensure electrical and information compatibility with each other, as well as with other technical means interacting with them.
161. Communication lines between the technical means of automatic fire alarm installations are performed taking into account the provision of their functioning in case of fire for the time necessary to detect a fire, give evacuation signals, evacuation time, as well as the time required to control other technical means.
162. Control devices for fire equipment of automatic fire alarm systems must provide a control algorithm in accordance with the type of equipment being controlled.
163. The technical means of automatic installations of fire (security and fire) alarm systems shall be provided with uninterrupted electrical power for the time they perform their functions.
164. Technical means of automatic installations of fire (security and fire) alarm systems must be resistant to electromagnetic interference with the maximum acceptable level characteristic of the protected object, while they should not have negative impact electromagnetic interference on technical means used at the protected object.
165. The parameters of fire detectors, addressable fire alarm systems, fire alarm control devices, as well as security, fire and security-fire alarm systems, are determined in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Paragraph 9. Requirements for fire detectors
166. According to the method of actuation, fire detectors are divided into automatic (hereinafter referred to as API) and manual.
APIs are divided into:
According to the type of controlled fire sign, APIs are divided into the following types: thermal, smoke, flame, combined.
Thermal APIs, according to the principle of operation, are divided into:
using the dependence of the electrical resistance of elements on temperature;
using thermoelectromotive forces;
using linear expansion;
using fusible or combustible inserts;
using the dependence of magnetic induction on temperature;
using volumetric expansion (liquid, gas);
using the dependence of the modulus of elasticity on temperature;
using the shape memory effect.
According to the configuration of the measuring zone, thermal APIs are divided into:
point;
multipoint;
linear.
Smoke API according to the principle of action are divided into:
ionization;
optical.
According to the configuration of the measuring zone, smoke optical APIs are divided into:
point;
linear.
The API of the flame, according to the region of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation perceived by the sensitive element, is divided into:
ultraviolet radiation spectrum;
infrared radiation spectrum.
Combined APIs.
According to the nature of the reaction to the controlled sign of fire, APIs are divided into:
maximum;
differential;
maximum differential.
According to the method of power supply API are divided into:
loop powered;
powered by a separate wire;
autonomous.
When possible, API addresses are divided into:
targeted;
not targeted.
167. Fire detectors of automatic fire alarm systems shall be located in the protected premises in such a way as to ensure timely detection of a fire at any point in the premises.
168. Manual fire detectors are installed on escape routes in places accessible for their inclusion in the event of a fire.
169. Fire detectors must be designed for round-the-clock continuous operation.
170. Fire detectors must ensure informational and electrical compatibility with control panels.
171. Fire detectors must contain a built-in red optical indicator that turns on in the alarm transmission mode.
If it is impossible to install an optical indicator in a fire detector, then it must provide the ability to connect a remote optical indicator or have other means for local indication of the alarm transmission mode.
172. If the design of a fire detector provides for its mounting in a socket, then it must be ensured that a malfunction notice is generated on the control panel when the fire detector is disconnected from the socket.
173. Calibration or adjustment elements of a fire detector used in the manufacturing process should not be accessible from the outside after the fire detector has been manufactured.
174. If it is possible to externally adjust the sensitivity of a fire detector, the following requirements are met:
1) each level of sensitivity must correspond to a specific marking on the fire detector;
2) after mounting the fire detector, there should be no direct access to the adjustment means.
175. Fire detectors must be a remanufactured product that ensures that each of its samples is tested for all standardized technical characteristics during testing, as well as testing its performance during operation.
176. The response threshold of a linear fire detector should be in the range from 0.4 dB to 5.2 dB, while the ratio of the maximum and minimum values of the response thresholds for eight detector samples should be no more than 1.3.
177. A linear fire detector with an adjustable response threshold is provided with a device showing the set value of the response threshold. The adjustment range of the response threshold should be in the range from 0.4 to 5.2 dB.
178. The value of the response threshold of a linear fire detector should not change during long-term continuous operation.
179. The value of the response threshold of a linear fire detector should not depend on a change in the angle of inclination of the axis of the optical beam to the vertical and horizontal planes.
180. The value of the response threshold of a linear fire detector should not change when the supply voltage changes in the range from 85% to 110% of the rated supply voltage.
181. The opposite components of a linear fire detector must have adjustment devices that allow you to change the angle of inclination of the axis of the detector's optical beam to the vertical and horizontal planes.
182. A linear fire detector must provide control of cable connections between components with the formation of a "Fault" signal in the event of a cable connection failure.
183. The power consumption of a linear fire detector in standby mode should be no more than 1.0 W.
184. The value of the response threshold of a linear fire detector should not depend on the optical path length.
185. A linear fire detector must generate a "Fire" signal for no more than 10 seconds, with a rapid increase in the optical density of the medium (for no more than 5 seconds), by (5.2 + 0.5) dB.
186. A linear fire detector with optical pollution compensation devices, upon reaching the maximum compensation of 2.8 dB, must generate a "Fault" signal with a rate of change in the optical density of the medium of not more than 0.268 dB in 30 minutes.
With a further increase in the optical density of the medium at a rate of not more than 0.109 dB in 1 minute, a linear detector with compensation devices must generate a "Fire" signal until the value of the optical density of the medium reaches 10 dB.
187. A linear detector should not generate a "Fault" or "Fire" signal when the transmitter radiation is interrupted for (1 + 0.1) seconds.
188. The signal of operation of optical fire detectors with a discrete output signal must be maintained after the end of exposure to combustion products. Disabling the signal should be done by turning off the power for a period of not more than 3 seconds or using a special device.
189. The nominal value of the supply voltage of optical fire detectors is determined from the range of 6 V, 9 V, 12 V, 18 V, 20 V, 24 V or 30 V.
190. The sensitivity of optical fire detectors is chosen in the range from 0.05 dB / m to 0.2 dB / m.
191. In the technical documentation for an optical fire detector with a discrete output signal, a specific sensitivity value is set.
192. In the technical documentation for an optical fire detector with an analog output signal, a range of sensitivity values \u200b\u200bis set.
193. The maximum specific optical density controlled by an optical fire detector with an analog output signal, under normal conditions, must be at least 0.2 dB / m.
194. The sensitivity value of an optical fire detector should not:
1) depend on the number of detector activations;
2) depend on the impact of air currents;
3) depend on the orientation to the direction of the air flow;
4) vary from sample to sample;
5) depend on the supply voltage within the voltage range specified in the technical documentation for an optical fire detector of a particular type.
195. Gas fire detectors should respond to one or more of the following gases within the following concentration limits:
1) for carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the range from 1000 ppm to 1500 ppm;
2) for carbon monoxide (CO) in the range from 20 ppm to 80 ppm;
3) for hydrocarbon gases(C x H y) ranging from 10 ppm to 20 ppm.
196. Gas fire detectors must remain operational when the supply voltage changes in the range from 75% to 115% of the nominal value of the supply voltage.
197. An autonomous fire detector, when triggered, must emit an audible signal "Alarm", the volume level of which (measured at a distance of 1 m from the autonomous detector) for 4 minutes must be at least 85 dB.
198. The sensitivity of optical-electronic smoke autonomous fire detectors should be in the range from 0.05 dB / m to 0.20 dB / m.
199. The value of sensitivity (threshold) of an autonomous fire detector should not:
1) depend on the number of operations;
2) depend on the orientation to the direction of the air flow;
3) vary from sample to sample.
200. The sensitivity of an autonomous fire detector should not depend on the impact of air currents with speeds from 0.2 m/s to 1.0 m/s.
201. At a value of air flow velocity of (10.0 ± 0.5) m/s, an autonomous fire detector shall not generate false "Alarm" signals.
202. The value of the current consumed by an autonomous fire detector from internal source power supply in standby mode, should be no more than 50 μA.
Paragraph 10. Requirements for addressable fire alarm systems
203. Addressable fire alarm systems (hereinafter - ASPS) according to the maximum number connected addressable ASPS fire detectors are divided into three categories:
3) Category 3 - more than 512 addressable fire detectors. ASPS has a remote sound fire annunciator and a remote duplicate display with audible signaling, displaying the numbers of addressable PIs from which the "Fire" signal was received, and the minimum configuration of the loop periphery contains smoke, heat and manual addressable PIs.
According to the method of transmitting information about a fire hazardous situation in protected premises, ASPS are divided into:
ASPS analog;
ASPS discrete;
ASPS combined.
204. Addressable fire alarm systems are installed in premises with round-the-clock stay of duty personnel.
205. The addressable fire alarm system must switch to the "Fire" mode when the quantitative value of the controlled fire factor in the protected room (at the location of the addressable fire detectors) exceeds the threshold of operation of the addressable fire detectors, which is part of the addressable fire alarm system, as well as when the manual control is turned on. addressable fire detector.
206. The addressable fire alarm system must automatically provide a visual display of the address codes (hereinafter referred to as the numbers) of the addressable fire detectors from which the "Fire" signal was received. The total number of addressable fire detectors displayed simultaneously or sequentially, from which the "Fire" signal was received, must be at least 10 numbers.
207. The addressable fire alarm system must:
2) provide automatic remote testing of the performance of addressable fire detectors with a visual display of the numbers of faulty addressable fire detectors;
3) to ensure, by means of relay contacts, the transmission of electrical signals "Fire" and "Fault", as well as the inclusion of a signal to start the fire automatics installation.
208. The time interval from the moment of failure of the addressable fire detector until the appearance of information on the addressable control panel must be no more than 2 hours.
209. Addressable fire alarm system must have:
1) the possibility of manual remote activation of the start signal of the fire automatics installation;
2) have protection against accidental switching on of the start signal of the fire automatics installation.
210. Upon receipt of the signal "Fire" from the addressable fire detector, the optical indicator "Fire" of red color and the two-tone sound signal "Fire" should turn on on the addressable control panel.
211. The arrival of the first "Fire" signal from an addressable fire detector from any programmed group of addressable fire detectors that automatically turn on the start signal of the fire automatics installation must be accompanied by the activation of the corresponding red optical indicator.
212. After disconnecting the main power source, the addressable fire alarm system must switch to the "Reserve" mode with automatic switching to electrical power from the backup source with the inclusion of an audible alarm other than the "Fire" and "Fault" modes, and the corresponding optical indicator (except red) or with the optical indicator turned on in another mode.
A malfunction is the failure of any component of the electrical circuit of the addressable fire detector, which disrupts its performance, or the failure of the loop, which disrupts the process of information exchange between the addressable control panel and the addressable fire detector.
213. After disconnection, failure or discharge below the norm of the backup power source, the addressable fire alarm system must switch to the "Discharge" mode with the corresponding optical indicator (except for red) and a sound alarm other than the "Fire", "Fault" modes and "Reserve".
When switching to the "Discharge" mode, caused by periodic monitoring of the state of the backup power source, the time interval between monitoring should be no more than 2 hours, and the sound signal may be short-lived.
214. To turn off sound signals, the controls of the addressable control panel must contain a button without fixation or a button with fixation with optical indication of its position corresponding to the mode of turning off sound signals.
215. The controls of the addressable control panel must contain a button without fixation for prompt shutdown all incoming signals with the preservation of information.
216. In an addressable fire alarm system, optical, audio and electrical signals "Fire" must have priority over other signals.
217. Programming and control elements in addressable fire alarm systems of all categories must be protected from unauthorized access.
218. The time interval from the moment the addressable fire detector is exposed to a controlled fire factor with a value exceeding the response threshold of the addressable fire detector or the programmed response threshold of the entire analog fire alarm system until it switches to the "Fire" mode, should be no more than 10 seconds.
The time interval from the moment the manual addressable fire detector is turned on until the addressable fire alarm system switches to the "Fire" mode should be no more than 10 seconds.
Paragraph 11. Requirements for fire control panels of automatic fire alarm systems
219. Devices for receiving and control fire and security fire (hereinafter - FACP) according to the information capacity (the number of monitored alarm loops) FACP are divided into devices:
low information capacity - up to 5 alarm loops;
medium information capacity - from 6 to 20 alarm loops;
large information capacity - more than 20 alarm loops.
According to the information content, PPKP are divided into devices:
low information content - up to 3 types of notices;
medium information content - from 3 to 5 types of notices;
high information content - more than 5 types of notices.
Where possible, redundancy of the components of the control panel of medium and large information capacity are divided into:
devices without redundancy;
redundant devices.
220. Fire control and receiving devices are installed in rooms with round-the-clock stay of duty personnel.
221. Fire control panels must provide the following functions:
1) reception of electrical signals from manual and automatic fire detectors with light indication of the number of the loop in which the fire detectors were triggered, and the inclusion of sound and light alarms;
2) monitoring the health of alarm loops along their entire length with automatic detection of a break or short circuit in them, as well as light and sound signaling of a malfunction;
3) control of the short circuit of the alarm loops and communication lines to the ground (if this prevents the normal operation of the fire alarm control panel);
4) manual or automatic monitoring of the operability and condition of the units and blocks of the fire alarm control panel with the possibility of issuing a notice of their malfunction to external circuits;
5) manual activation of any of the alarm loops, while turning off one or more alarm loops must be accompanied by the issuance of a failure notification to external circuits;
6) manually turning on the sound signaling about the received notification while maintaining the light indication, while turning off the sound signaling should not affect the receipt of notifications from other alarm loops and its subsequent activation when a new alarm notification arrives;
7) mainly registration and transmission to external circuits of a fire notification in relation to other signals generated by a fire alarm control panel;
8) sending a return signal to the manual fire detector, confirming the receipt of the fire notice filed by it;
9) protection of controls from unauthorized access by unauthorized persons;
10) automatic transmission separate notices about a fire, a malfunction of a fire control panel and unauthorized access by unauthorized persons to its controls;
11) formation of a starting impulse for launching control devices for automatic fire extinguishing installations when two fire detectors installed in one protected room are triggered, with a delay of at least 30 seconds and without a time delay for rooms where people are not expected to stay;
12) automatic switching of power supply from the main source to the reserve and back with the inclusion of the corresponding indication without issuing false signals to external circuits;
13) the ability to include active (energy-consuming) and passive fire detectors with normally closed contacts in one alarm loop;
14) control of the state of the backup power source (accumulator);
15) the possibility of programming the tactics of generating a fire notice.
222. Fire control panels must ensure the issuance of the following types of notices:
1) about a fire when one fire detector is triggered in the alarm loop;
2) about a fire when two fire detectors are activated for fire control and reception devices operating in conjunction with automatic fire extinguishing installations;
3) about a short circuit or breakage of the alarm loop;
4) about disconnection of the voltage of the main power source or about the decrease in voltage below the permissible level;
5) about disconnecting the voltage of the backup power source;
6) about a malfunction of the fire control panel during manual or automatic check its performance;
7) on the transition from the main to the backup power source;
8) on unauthorized access of unauthorized persons to the control element of the fire control and monitoring device.
223. Fire control panels must ensure the registration and display of notices in one of the following ways:
1) light indication;
2) light indication and sound notification.
224. Fire control panels must have the following designation indicators:
1) current consumption from the backup power source in standby mode and in alarm mode;
2) supply voltage range;
3) noise immunity;
4) information capacity;
5) informativeness;
6) maximum voltage switched by output contacts;
7) maximum current switched by output contacts;
8) time of technical readiness for work;
9) the maximum resistance of the alarm loop, excluding the resistance of the remote element, at which the fire alarm control panel remains operational;
10) the minimum allowable leakage resistance between the wires of the alarm loop or each of the wires to the "Earth", at which the fire control panel remains operational;
11) the value of the current through the alarm loop to power the detectors;
12) the duration of the alarm notification;
13) operating conditions of use for climatic influences;
14) operating conditions of application for mechanical effects;
15) overall dimensions.
Paragraph 12. Requirements for means of security, fire (security and fire) alarms
225. Means of security, fire (security and fire) alarms (hereinafter referred to as products) must ensure compatibility in four main directions between:
1) detectors, encryption devices and a control panel or a fire alarm station;
2) a control panel or a fire alarm station, annunciators and the end device of the notification transmission system;
3) the end repeater, the centralized monitoring console of the notification transmission system and the standard tone frequency channel;
4) a centralized monitoring console for the notification transmission system and peripheral equipment.
226. Products, depending on the functional purpose, must ensure the formation, receipt, processing, transmission and presentation in a given form to consumers of information about penetration, fire at a protected facility.
227. Depending on the type of products, registration and display of notices should be carried out in one or more ways:
1) optical indication;
2) light, sound or speech notification;
3) formation of an electrical signal by contact or non-contact method;
4) alphanumeric printer;
5) on a magnetic (m) tape (disk).
228. Products, depending on the functional purpose, must issue notifications in the following cases:
1) penetration or approach of the violator;
2) robbery;
3) detection of a source of fire;
4) equipment malfunction (service notice);
5) decrease in power supply voltage below the permissible level;
6) transition to a backup power source from the main one and vice versa (service notice);
7) short circuit or breakage of signal wires or alarm loop;
8) unauthorized intervention in the operation of the equipment and other types of service notices.
229. When transmitting several types of notifications, products must ensure the priority transmission of notifications about a fire, intruder penetration and robbery.
230. Short circuit, short circuit to ground, as well as breakage of connecting lines in the circuits of the joints of the complexes of technical means should not cause damage to the mating products.
231. Products that have automatic switching to backup power when the main power is lost and vice versa must provide switching without issuing alarm notifications.
232. Types and main parameters of security, fire (security and fire) alarms are determined in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate and international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Paragraph 13. Requirements for fire warning systems and evacuation management in buildings and structures
233. Annunciators, depending on the nature of the signals issued, are divided into:
1) light;
2) sound;
3) speech;
4) combined.
234. Devices, depending on the method and order of notification, are divided into five groups:
1st group:
1) notification methods: sound, light (flashing light signal, "Exit" light indicators);
2) notification order: one notification line (with the inclusion of all annunciators in the notification line at the same time);
2nd group:
1) notification methods: sound, light (light flashing signal, light indicators "Exit", light indicators of the direction of movement);
3rd group:
2) notification order: two or more notification lines (independent activation of each line to ensure the specified notification order);
4th group:
1) notification methods: sound, speech, light (light indicators "Exit", light indicators of the direction of movement);
2) notification order: two or more notification lines (independent activation of each line to ensure the specified notification order);
5th group:
1) notification methods: sound, speech, light (light indicators "Exit", light indicators of the direction of movement);
2) notification order: two or more notification lines (independent activation of each line to ensure the specified notification order);
3) communication of the warning zone with the control room;
4) full automation of warning systems management and the possibility of implementing a variety of options for organizing evacuation from each warning zone.
235. Warning and evacuation control systems in case of fire should provide:
1) transmission of sound, and, if necessary, light signals to all premises of the building;
2) broadcasting of voice messages;
3) transmission to certain areas of the building or premises of messages about the location of the fire, about evacuation routes and actions to ensure personal safety, as well as aimed at preventing panic and other phenomena that complicate the evacuation process;
4) turning on light and sound indicators of the recommended evacuation direction;
5) inclusion of evacuation lighting;
6) two-way communication of the fire post (control room) with all the premises in which people can stay;
7) remote opening of emergency exit doors equipped with electromagnetic locks.
236. Devices must ensure the registration and display of notices in one of the following ways:
1) light indication;
2) light indication and sound alarm.
237. Devices for controlling voice annunciators must ensure the broadcast of recorded phonograms and (or) direct broadcast of messages and control commands through microphones.
238. The control devices for voice and sound annunciators of groups 4 and 5 must provide for the possibility of two-way communication with the warning zone.
Sound signals about the issuance of control signals to sirens must be different from signals for other purposes.
239. Voice annunciator control devices should be able to promptly correct control commands in the event of an emergency change in the situation at the facility during a fire.
240. Warning and evacuation control systems are designed to implement evacuation plans. When designing a warning and evacuation control system, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of its interaction with the civil defense warning system.
241. The warning and evacuation control system should automatically turn on when an automatic fire alarm or automatic fire extinguishing installation is triggered, except when the building and structure, in accordance with regulatory documents, do not require automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms. In this case, the remote activation of the warning system and the management of the evacuation of people in case of fire should be carried out from trigger elements made and placed in accordance with the requirements of the standards for manual fire detectors.
242. Semi-automatic control, as well as remote and local activation of warning systems and evacuation control in separate warning zones, are applied in accordance with the requirements of SN RK 2.02-11-2002 * "Norms for equipping buildings, premises and structures with automatic fire alarm systems, automatic fire extinguishing installations and fire warnings."
The choice of the type of control is determined by the design organization, depending on the functional purpose, structural and space-planning solutions of the building, based on the conditions for ensuring the safe evacuation of people in case of fire.
243. When dividing an object into notification zones, the project develops the order of notification of people located in the protected object.
244. The size of fire warning zones, the order of notification and the start time of notification in individual zones are determined based on the conditions for ensuring the safe evacuation of people in case of fire.
245. Warning and evacuation control systems should function for the time necessary to complete the evacuation of people from the building.
246. Wires and cables of connecting lines of warning and evacuation control systems are laid in building structures, ducts or channels made of non-combustible materials.
247. Evacuation light indicators must be switched on simultaneously with the main lighting fixtures working lighting. It is allowed to use evacuation light indicators that automatically turn on when the warning and evacuation control system receives a command impulse about the start of a fire warning and (or) an emergency power outage of the working lighting.
248. The number of sound and speech fire alarms, their placement and power should provide the necessary audibility in all places of permanent or temporary stay of people.
249. Annunciators should not have volume controls and should be connected to the network without detachable devices.
250. Audible warning signals must differ in tone from the sound signals for other purposes.
251. The management of the warning and evacuation management system should be carried out from the central control point for fire protection systems, from the fire station, control room or other special premises.
252. Regardless of the type of control of the warning system (with manual or semi-automatic start), at the design development stage, devices are provided that exclude its involuntary operation or accidental activation.
253. In buildings and premises where there are (work, live, spend leisure time) people with physical disabilities, when designing and (or) installing a warning system and managing evacuation, these features are taken into account.
254. If there is a radio broadcasting node at the facility, it is allowed to alert people about a fire through it.
255. Radio broadcast nodes are designed with the possibility of their inclusion in the warning system and evacuation control.
256. Technical means of warning for the reliability of power supply are provided by power receivers of category I in accordance with the PUE and are carried out in one of the following ways:
2) from sources direct current with supply voltage selectable from 3V, 6V, 9V, 12V, 18V, 20V, 24V, 30V, 36V, 42V, 60V or 110V.
257. Backup power supply of technical means of warning should be carried out:
1) from the second independent input of the AC network;
2) from a DC power source;
3) stand-alone alternating current electric unit.
Dry galvanic cells or storage batteries can be used as a backup source of direct current.
258. The operating time of technical means of warning from a backup source of direct current in standby mode must be at least 24 hours.
259. The operating time of technical warning means from a backup DC source in alarm mode must be at least 3 hours.
260. The parameters and execution of technical means of warning, the placement of light indicators and evacuation signs, sound annunciators, evacuation lighting are determined in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as regulatory documents in the field of fire safety, approved in in the prescribed manner.
Paragraph 14. Requirements for marking and packaging of systems and installations of fire automatics
261. Labeling of systems and installations of fire automatics is determined in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulation "Requirements for product labeling", approved by order of the Minister for Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 15, 2016 No. 724 (registered in the Register of State Registration of Regulatory Legal Acts under No. 14471 ).
262. Marking of shipping containers must contain safety warning signs in accordance with the requirements of ST RK GOST R 12.4.026-2002 "Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. General technical conditions and application procedure": "Caution, fragile!"; "Afraid of dampness"; "Up, do not turn over."
263. The place and method of marking are indicated in the technical documentation for systems and installations of fire automatics of a particular type and modification.
264. Systems and installations of fire automatics are packed in consumer packaging with anti-corrosion protection in accordance with the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
265. The delivery set of the system and installation of fire automatics is packed in a shipping container in order to protect them from damage during transportation and storage.
Paragraph 15. Requirements for the transportation and storage of systems and installations of fire automatics
266. The conditions for transportation and storage of systems and installations of fire automatics are carried out in accordance with the conditions of their operation and the requirements of national, interstate, international standards in force on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
267. During transportation and storage of the system and installation of fire automatics, conditions are provided that protect them from mechanical damage, heating, direct sunlight, precipitation, moisture and aggressive environments.
Chapter 5. Presumption of conformity
268. Technical devices and equipment for systems and installations of fire automatics, systems and installations of fire automatics, manufactured and installed at facilities in accordance with the requirements of harmonized standards, are considered to comply with the requirements of this Technical Regulation.
269. Systems and installations of fire automatics can be manufactured according to other regulatory documents in the field of standardization, provided that their requirements are not lower than the requirements specified in this Technical Regulation.
Chapter 6. The procedure for confirming the conformity of products
270. Technical means of systems and installations of fire automatics, fire extinguishing agents (foam concentrates, gas and powder fire extinguishing compositions), prior to their delivery to the market of the Republic of Kazakhstan, are subject to a conformity assessment procedure.
271. Conformity assessment bodies, their functions, rights and obligations, as well as the procedure for confirming the conformity of products are determined in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated November 9, 2004 "On technical regulation".
272. Identification of technical means of systems and installations of fire automatics, as well as fire extinguishing means, is carried out when confirming compliance.
273. Identification of technical means of systems and installations of fire automatics, as well as fire extinguishing means is carried out:
1) testing laboratories;
2) conformity assessment bodies;
3) authorized bodies in the exercise of control within their competence.
274. Confirmation of conformity of systems and installations of fire automatics is carried out in the following cases:
1) upon acceptance into operation in accordance with the act of acceptance into operation of systems and installations of fire automatics, given in Appendix 2 to this Technical Regulation;
2) when conducting an audit in the field of fire safety in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated April 11, 2014 "On Civil Protection".
Chapter 7. Conditions for entry into force
275. On the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the effect of regulatory legal acts in the field of fire safety in terms of systems and installations of fire automatics, the provisions of which comply with the requirements of this Technical Regulation, remains in effect.
Chapter 8. List of standards
276. List of standards, as a result of which, on a voluntary basis, compliance with the requirements is ensured technical regulations, is given in Appendix 6 to this Technical Regulation.
The list of standards containing the rules and methods of research (testing) and measurements, including the sampling rules necessary for the application and fulfillment of the requirements of the technical regulation and the assessment (confirmation) of product conformity, is given in Appendix 7 to this Technical Regulation.
277. Harmonization of the applicable standards that ensure compliance with the safety requirements established by this technical regulation is carried out in the manner prescribed by the legislation in the field of technical regulation.
List of products subject to the requirements of the technical regulation
Name of production | TN VED code |
|
1. Technical fire and security fire alarm means: |
||
Thermal fire detectors | ||
Optoelectronic linear smoke detectors | ||
Optoelectronic point fire smoke detectors | ||
Radioisotope fire smoke detectors | ||
Autonomous fire detectors | ||
Gas fire detectors | ||
Fire detectors | ||
Manual fire detectors | ||
Addressable fire alarm systems | ||
Fire control and control devices | ||
Technical means of warning and evacuation control firefighters | ||
2. Elements of automatic fire extinguishing installations: |
||
Modules and batteries of automatic gas fire extinguishing installations | ||
Isothermal tanks for automatic low-pressure gas fire-extinguishing installations | ||
Distribution devices for automatic gas fire extinguishing installations | ||
Modules for automatic powder fire extinguishing installations | ||
Modules for water mist fire extinguishing installations | ||
Control units for automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations | ||
Foam mixers and dispensers of automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations (with the exception of those installed on the bypass lines of the water feeder) | ||
Dispensers for automatic foam fire extinguishing installations | ||
Pressure and liquid flow signaling devices for automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations | ||
Water sprinklers and deluge sprinklers | 8424 898 009, |
|
Foam sprinkler and deluge sprinklers | 8424 898 009, |
|
Valves of control units, locking devices | 8481 309 100, |
|
Annunciators fire sound hydraulic | ||
ACT
acceptance into operation of systems and installations of fire automatics
City ____________________________ "___" __________________ 20__
Commission appointed by _____________________________________________________
(name of the organization - customer)
decision of "___" ____________________ 20__ No. _____ consisting of:
Chairman - representative of the customer (general contractor) ______________________________
Commission members - representatives:
Installation organization _________________________________________________________
Commissioning organization __________________________________________________________
(position, surname, name, patronymic, if any)
checked the work done and found:
1. Installation and commissioning (commissioning) organization presented for acceptance
unit ____________________________ installed in ____________________________
(installation name) (object name)
according to the project developed (drawn up) ______________________________________________
(name of company)
2. Installation work completed ___________________________________________
(name of company)
from "___" _____________20__ to "___" ________________20__
3. Commissioning work completed ______________________________________
(name of commissioning organization)
from "___" ______________20__ to "___" _________________20__
4. Identified in the process of complex testing defects and imperfections
eliminated (if necessary, specify in the annex to this act).
Commission conclusion:
Installation that has passed comprehensive testing, including commissioning
work, to be considered accepted for operation from "___" ____________________ 20__ with an assessment
the quality of work performed on _____________________________
(excellent, good, satisfactory)
List of documentation attached to the act ____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Commission:
Chairman of the Commission _________________________
M.P. (signature)
Commission members _______________________________
(signatures)
STATEMENT
mounted devices and equipment systems and installations of fire automatics
_____________________________________________________________________________
(Object name)
for the project _________________________________________________________________________
Item number and project specification | Name | Factory number | Note |
Accepted by ________________________________________________________________________
(position, surname, name, patronymic (if any)
_______________________________________________________________________________
representative of the customer) (signature)
Passed ___________________________________________________________________________
(position, surname, name, patronymic (if any)
________________________________________________________________________________
representative of the installation organization) (signature)
Operational log of systems and installations of fire automatics
1. Name and departmental affiliation (form of ownership) of the object,
equipped with fire fighting systems and installations
automation ________________________________________________________________________
(type of system, start method)
Address, telephone __________________________________________________________________
Date of installation of the system, name of the installation organization __________________________
Type of fire automatics system _________________________________________________
Name of the organization (service) serving the system
________________________________________________________________________________
telephone_________________________________________________________________________
2. Characteristics of the fire automatics system
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(name of technical means, types, date of issue, date of commencement of operation,
next examination period, etc.)
3. Principal or wiring diagram fire automation systems.
4. Results of hydraulic and electrical tests:
5. Acceptance-delivery of duty and technical condition of the system:
6. Accounting for failures and malfunctions of systems and installations of fire automatics
Notes:
1) Timely troubleshooting analysis is carried out daily.
2) The log sums up the number of failures, malfunctions, false positives on a monthly basis.
3) The journal is maintained by operational (duty) personnel.
7. Accounting for maintenance and preventive maintenance of systems and installations of fire automatics.
8. Checking the knowledge of personnel servicing fire automatics systems.
9. Accounting for the operation (shutdown) of fire automation systems.
10. Briefing of technical and operational personnel on safety precautions when working with fire automatics systems.
ACT
survey of systems and installations of fire automatics
City _______________________ "___" ___________________ 20__
An object _________________________________________________________________________
(Name)
Commission consisting of:
Chairman of the Commission _______________________________________________________________
(position, surname, name, patronymic (if any)
Commission members ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(position, surname, name, patronymic (if any)
inspected ________________________________________________________________
(installation name)
________________________________________________________________________________
(specify installation location)
________________________________________________________________________________
(name of elements)
The work was carried out from "___" _______________ to "___" _____________ 20__
On examination revealed:
________________________________________________________________________________
(status of installations, elements)
Commission recommendations:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(further operation of existing systems and installations of fire automatics
possible/impossible or it is necessary to install new systems and installations;
repair of separate technical means of systems and installations of fire automatics is required;
it is necessary to extend the operation of fire automatics systems and installations, indicating
next review date)
Chairman of the Commission: _______________________________________________________________
Members of the Commission:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(signature, position, surname, name, patronymic (if any)
List of standards, as a result of which, on a voluntary basis, compliance with the requirements of the technical regulation is ensured
Standard designation | Name of the standard | Note |
||
Fire safety. Terms and Definitions | ||||
Fire automatics. Classification. Terms and Definitions | ||||
ST RK GOST R IEC 50571.17 | Electrical installations of buildings. Part 4. Security requirements. Chapter 48 external conditions. Section 482 Fire Protection | |||
GOST 12.1.030 | System of labor safety standards. Electrical safety. Protective ground. Zeroing | |||
Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General specifications | ||||
111, 133, 162 | Fire equipment for the protection of objects. Main types. Accommodation and service | |||
Paragraph 4 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 5 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraphs 4.5 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraphs 4, 5 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraphs 4, 5 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General specifications | |||
Paragraph 5 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 7 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 8 of Chapter 4 | And test methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 10 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 11 of Chapter 4 | ST RK GOST R 51089 | |||
Paragraph 12 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 12 of Chapter 4 | Means of security, fire and security-fire alarm systems. General technical requirements | |||
Paragraph 13 of Chapter 4 |
List of standards containing the rules and methods of research (testing) and measurements, including the rules for sampling, necessary for the application and fulfillment of the requirements of the technical regulation and the assessment (confirmation) of product conformity
Elements of technical regulation | Standard designation | Name of the standard | Note |
|
p.66, p.67, p.110, p.111, p.129 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General specifications | |||
Paragraph 4 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 5 of Chapter 5 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraphs 4, 5 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Annunciators fire sound hydraulic. General specifications | |||
Paragraphs 4, 5 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Sprinklers. General specifications | |||
Paragraphs 4, 5 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General specifications | |||
Paragraph 5 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic foam fire extinguishing installations. Dosers. General specifications | |||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. General specifications. | |||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. Distribution devices. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. Isothermal tanks. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. modules and batteries. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 6 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing substances. Acceptance rules and test methods. | |||
Paragraph 7 of Chapter 4 | Automatic powder fire extinguishing installations. Modules. General technical requirements. Test methods. | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Fire fighting equipment. Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing modules with water mist. General specifications. | |||
Paragraph 8 of Chapter 4 | ||||
Paragraph 11(9) | Fire detectors. Classification. General technical requirements. Test methods. | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Thermal fire detectors. Technical requirements for fire safety. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Optoelectronic linear smoke detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Optoelectronic point fire smoke detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Radioisotope fire smoke detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Autonomous fire detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Gas fire detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Fire detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 9 of Chapter 4 | Manual fire detectors. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 10 of Chapter 4 | Fire alarm systems are addressable. General technical requirements. Test Methods | |||
Paragraph 11 of Chapter 4 | ST RK GOST R 51089 | Reception and control devices and fire-fighting controls. | ||
Paragraph 12 of Chapter 4 | Means of security, fire and security-fire alarm systems. Types, basic parameters and dimensions | |||
Paragraph 12 of Chapter 4 | Means of security, fire and security-fire alarm systems. General technical requirements | |||
Paragraph 13 of Chapter 4 | Technical means of warning and evacuation control firemen. Classification. General technical requirements. Test Methods |
MINISTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR AFFAIRS
CIVIL DEFENSE, EMERGENCIES
AND DISASTER RELIEF
STATE FIRE SERVICE
FIRE SAFETY STANDARDS
LIST OF BUILDINGS, CONSTRUCTIONS,
PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT,
PROTECTED
AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATIONS
AND AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARMS
NPB 110-03
MOSCOW 2003
Developed by the Main Directorate of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (GUGPS EMERCOM of Russia) and the Federal government agency"All-Russian Order of the Badge of Honor, Research Institute of Fire Defense of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters" (FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia).
Submitted and prepared for approval by the regulatory and technical department of the Main Directorate of the State Fire Service (GUGPS EMERCOM of Russia).
Notes :
* Cable structures in these standards mean tunnels, channels, basements, shafts, floors, double floors, galleries, chambers used for laying electrical cables (including in conjunction with other communications).
*one. Cable structures, spaces behind suspended ceilings and under double floors are not equipped with automatic installations (with the exception of paragraphs -):
a) when laying cables (wires) in steel water and gas pipes or steel solid boxes with openable solid covers;
b) when laying pipelines and air ducts with non-combustible insulation;
c) when laying single cables (wires) of the NG type for powering lighting circuits;
d) when laying cables (wires) of the NG type with a total volume of combustible mass of less than 1.5 liters per 1 meter of cable lines behind suspended ceilings made of materials of the NG and G1 combustibility groups.
2. If the building (premises) as a whole is subject to protection of the AUPT, the spaces behind the suspended ceilings when laying air ducts, pipelines with insulation made from materials of the combustibility group G1 - G4, or cables (wires) with a combustible mass of cables (wires ) more than 7 liters per 1 meter of cable must be protected by appropriate installations. Moreover, if the height from the ceiling to the false ceiling does not exceed 0.4 m, the AUPT device is not required.
3. The volume of combustible mass of insulation of cables (wires) is determined according to the methodology approved in the prescribed manner.
III. PREMISES
Table 3
Notes :
* This requirement does not apply to premises temporarily used for exhibitions (foyers, lobbies, etc.), as well as to premises where valuables are stored in metal safes.
** Drenchers are installed under the stage and rear stage grates, under the lower tier of the working galleries and the lower ones connecting them walkways, in the safes of the rolled scenery and in all openings of the stage, including the openings of the portal, pockets and rear stage, as well as the part of the hold occupied by the structures of the built-in equipment of the stage and lifting and lowering devices.
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System of normative documents
State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
NORMS OF THE STATE FIRE SERVICE
MIA RUSSIA
LIST OF BUILDINGS, CONSTRUCTIONS,
PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT,
PROTECTED
AUTOMATIC SETTINGS
EXTINGUISHING AND FIRE DETECTION
NPB 110-96
HEADQUARTERS
STATE FIRE SERVICE
MIA RUSSIA
DEVELOPED BY GUGPS of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, VNIIPO of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, MA "Systemservice"
INTRODUCED AND PREPARED for approval by the regulatory and technical department of the GUGPS of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
APPROVED by the Chief State Inspector of the Russian Federation for Fire Supervision
AGREED with the Ministry of Construction of Russia by letter No. 13-493 dated September 19, 1996.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. These fire safety standards establish requirements for the protection of buildings, structures, premises and equipment by automatic extinguishing installations (AUPT) and fire detection (AUOP) 1 and are mandatory for organizations, regardless of their departmental affiliation and legal form.
The norms do not apply to buildings, structures and premises in which explosives, highly toxic substances (SDN), radioactive and bacteriological agents, special facilities of the Ministry of Defense, the Federal Security Service of Russia and the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information are stored, produced or handled.
Along with this List, it is necessary to be guided by departmental (industry) lists, other regulatory documents approved in the prescribed manner in agreement with the Main Directorate of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the requirements of which must not be lower than those established by this List, and also must not duplicate and contradict those set out in its provisions.
Buildings, structures and premises of government bodies, divisions, institutions and military units systems of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia are subject to AUPT and AUOP equipment in accordance with the design standards or the List approved in the prescribed manner.
2. In these standards, a room is understood as a part of a building or structure, allocated by enclosing structures classified as fire barriers with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours.
3. Type of automatic fire extinguishing installation (sprinkler, deluge), method of extinguishing (by volume, area, local, etc.), type of fire extinguishing agents (water, foam, aerosol, powder, gas, etc.), type of installation equipment (receiving station , detector, etc.) are determined depending on the technological features of the protected buildings and premises, taking into account the fire protection scheme adopted by the project and the requirements of the current regulatory and technical documents.
4. In the buildings and structures indicated in Table. of this List, all premises, regardless of area, should be protected by appropriate automatic installations, except for premises:
with wet processes(showers, bathrooms, washing rooms, etc.);
ventilation chambers, pumping stations for water supply, boiler rooms and other rooms for engineering equipment of the building, in which there are no combustible materials;
5. Buildings, structures and premises to be equipped with burglar and fire alarm systems should be protected by burglar and fire alarms.
6. If the area of the premises to be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing systems is 40% or more of the total area of the floors of the building, structure, the building, structure as a whole should be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing systems.
7. AUPT and AUOP should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.09-84 "Fire automation of buildings and structures" and other regulatory documents approved in the prescribed manner.
8. The category of buildings and premises is determined in accordance with NPB 105-95 "Determination of categories of premises and buildings for explosion and fire hazard".
2. BUILDINGS
Table 1
|
normative indicator |
||||
|
2.2. Buildings of warehouses for rubber, celluloid and products from it, matches, alkali metals |
Regardless of the area and number of storeys |
|||
|
2.3. Warehouse buildings for wool, fur, precious metals and stones |
||||
|
2.4. Warehouse buildings photo, film, audio film on acetate basis when stored 200 kg or more, and on a combustible basis, regardless of the quantity |
||||
|
2.5. Buildings of warehouses for semiconductor materials, microcircuits and other radio components |
||||
|
2.6. Buildings of warehouses for the consumable stock of engines and machine units with the presence of fuel and oils in them |
||||
|
2.7. Buildings of warehouses of rubber and rubber products: |
||||
|
2.7.1. Single storey |
750 m 2 * and more |
Less than 750 m2 |
||
|
2.7.2. Double storey or more |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
Regardless of the area and number of storeys |
||||
|
2.9.1. Underground |
300 m2 or more |
Less than 300 m2 |
||
|
2.9.2. Single storey |
1000 m2 or more |
Less than 1000 m2 |
||
|
2.9.3. Double storey or more |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.10. Buildings for archives of unique publications, reports, manuscripts and other documentation of special value |
Regardless of the area and number of storeys |
|||
|
2.11. Buildings for the maintenance and repair of vehicles: |
||||
|
2.11.1. Single storey |
1000 m2 or more |
Less than 1000 m2 |
||
|
2.11.2. Double storey or more |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.12.1. Underground |
||||
|
2.12.2. One-story (except for parking garages with exit from the boxes directly to the outside) |
1200 m 2 and more |
Less than 1200 m2 |
||
|
2.12.3. Two-story or more (except for parking garages with exit from the boxes directly to the outside, and parking garages without external and internal enclosing structures) |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.12.4. Buildings for vehicles for the transportation of flammable and combustible liquids and gases |
Regardless of the area and number of storeys |
|||
|
2.13. Industrial buildings where flammable and combustible liquids are used, hard materials and liquefied combustible gases classified in categories A and B for explosion hazard |
||||
|
2.14. Industrial buildings of category B1-B3 for fire hazard (with the exception of those specified in paragraphs, .) *: |
||||
|
2.14.1. Underground |
500 m2 or more |
Less than 500 m2 |
||
|
2.14.2. Single storey |
1000 m2 or more |
Less than 1000 m2 |
||
|
2.14.3. Double storey or more |
With a floor area of 500 m2 or more |
With floor area less than 500 m2 |
||
|
Regardless of area |
||||
|
2.16. residential buildings |
||||
|
2.16.1. Dormitories and specialized residential homes for the elderly and families with disabilities |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.16.2. Residential buildings with a floor mark of the upper residential floor of more than 26.5 m (more than 10 floors) |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.20.1. Underground |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.20.2. One-story (except for p. ) |
With a building area of 3500 m 2 |
With a building area of less than |
||
|
2.20.3. Double storey |
With a total trading area of 3500 m2 or more |
With a total sales area of less than 3500 m2 |
||
|
2.20.4. Three storeys or more |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
Regardless of area |
||||
|
20 m 2 and more |
Less than 20 m2 |
|||
|
2.20.7. Buildings of specialized trade enterprises for the sale of flammable and combustible liquids (with the exception of clauses and) |
Regardless of area |
|||
|
2.21. Religious buildings and complexes* |
Regardless of the area and number of storeys |
|||
|
* Production and storage buildings, as well as residential buildings, are equipped according to the requirements of the relevant paragraphs of this List |
||||
|
2.22.1. One-story (except for p. ) |
1000 m2 or more |
Less than 1000 m2 |
||
|
2.22.2. Double storey or more |
Regardless of area |
|||
, )
Regardless of area
3.4. Cable structures (except for those specified in paragraph.) volume:
100 m 3 and more
Less than 100 m 3
3.5. Capacitive structures (tanks) for storage of flammable and combustible liquids
5000 m 3 and more
3.6. Closed galleries for transportation of combustible substances and materials
100 m 3 and more
Less than 100 m 3
* In these standards, cable structures mean basements, tunnels, ditches, spaces behind a false ceiling and under removable floors, etc., used for laying electrical cables (including in conjunction with other communications).
5.4. Transformers with oil cooling system voltage:
Regardless of power
5.5.2. 220 - 330 kV
200 MVA
5.5. Oil circuit breakers
With an oil mass of 60 kg or more
5.6. Open technological installations with the handling of explosive and flammable substances and materials
Regardless of the types
5.7. Test stations for mobile power plants and units with diesel and gasoline-powered units mounted on vehicles and trailers
Regardless of area
5.8. Racks with a height of more than 5.5 m for the storage of combustible materials and non-combustible materials in combustible packaging
5.9. Oil tanks for hardening
3 m 3 or more
SP 255.1325800.2016 Buildings and structures. Operating rules
Building classification
Section 4. p.:- The provisions of this set of rules are aimed at ensuring compliance with the requirements for the following types of operational safety of buildings (structures), building structures and engineering and technical support systems provided for in:
- - mechanical safety;
- Fire safety;
- - safe for human health living conditions and stay in buildings (structures);
- - safety for users of buildings (structures);
- - accessibility of buildings (structures) for people with limited mobility;
- - energy efficiency of buildings (structures);
- - safe level of impact of buildings (structures) on the environment.
- According to the types of operating modes, the following buildings are distinguished:
- a) intended for permanent or long-term (round-the-clock) residence of people, including:
- - residential apartment buildings,
- - residential single-family houses,
- - hotels, hostels, boarding schools,
- - hospitals, sanatoriums, homes for the elderly and disabled, etc.;
- b) intended for temporary stay of people, mainly of a rhythmic nature (working day, school shift, session, etc.), including:
- - administrative buildings,
- - public buildings that do not contain large halls (clinics, schools, preschool educational organizations, consumer service organizations, etc.),
- - public buildings with large-span structures (theaters, cinemas, concert halls, circuses, etc.),
- - public buildings, the functions of which include production processes using technological equipment (catering organizations, etc.),
- - public buildings - multifunctional shopping malls,
- - buildings with special requirements to the temperature and humidity conditions of premises (museums, state archives, repositories of national and cultural property etc.);
- c) production or storage purposes:
- - one-storey industrial buildings;
- - multi-storey industrial buildings;
- - Warehouse buildings.
- a) intended for permanent or long-term (round-the-clock) residence of people, including:
- According to the types of operating modes, the following structures are distinguished:
- a) open and covered sports, entertainment and trade facilities: - stadiums, sports and entertainment complexes, - skating rinks, - markets;
- b) linear objects;
- c) industrial facilities:
- - water towers and reservoirs,
- - cooling towers,
- - chimneys,
- - bunkers, gas holders, oil storages,
- - water intake and treatment facilities;
- d) non-capital structures:
- - mobile structures of collapsible type (greenhouses, greenhouses, etc.),
- - auxiliary buildings, with limited service life and people's stay in them (change houses, temporary storage warehouses, etc.);
- - pavilions, kiosks.
Types of operating conditions
Operational requirements for buildings (structures)
Section 5. p.:- The main provisions for the operation of buildings (structures) and operational control must comply with the requirements of federal laws, -, GOST 27751 and Appendix A of this set of rules.
- Operational requirements for buildings (structures) are divided into general and special.
- General operational requirements apply to all capital construction projects. Special operational requirements are determined by the specifics of the functional purpose of the building (structure), as well as the natural and man-made features of its location. This set of rules governs the general operational requirements. Special operational requirements for a building (structure) of various functional purposes are established based on the adopted space-planning and design decisions and the functional purpose of the technological processes for which the building (structure) is intended, as well as taking into account the natural and man-made features of its location.
- The development of operating rules, including the rules for technical diagnostics of structures, acceptance and testing of materials and products during repairs, in accordance with the requirements of GOST 27751, should be carried out taking into account the class and level of responsibility of the building (structure). The level of responsibility is set in accordance with. The class of the building (structure) is set in accordance with Annex A of GOST 27751-2014.
- Requirements for the conditions for the normal functioning of buildings (structures) are established in accordance with the characteristics of operating conditions, which depend on the purpose of the building (structure).
- Requirements for operational control and maintenance of building structures are established depending on design solutions and materials.
- The recommended service life of a building (structure) should be taken in accordance with Table 5.1.
Table 5.1 - Recommended service life of buildings (structures)
Objects Approximate service life 10 years Structures operated in highly aggressive environments (vessels and reservoirs, pipelines of oil refineries, gas and chemical industries, structures in marine environments, etc.) 10 years Temporary buildings (structures) (change houses of construction workers and shift personnel, temporary warehouses, summer pavilions, etc.) (see additionally GOST 22853) At least 25 years old Buildings (structures) of mass construction in normal conditions operation (buildings of civil and industrial construction) Unique buildings (structures)* 100 years or more * According to .(structures) - The estimated service life of elements and systems of buildings (structures) may differ from those given in Table 5.1. In accordance with clause 4.3 of GOST 27751-2014, they must be determined by the general designer in agreement with the customer. The frequency of overhaul (replacement) of individual building structures and engineering and technical support systems should be provided in accordance with the estimated service life, unless otherwise justified by the results of inspections of the technical condition of structures, foundations, engineering and technical support systems of buildings (structures).
- The degree of fire resistance of a building (structure) is determined by the degree of flammability and fire resistance of its main structures and materials and is designed in accordance with the functional fire hazard class of the building (structure). During operation, the actual decrease in the fire resistance of structures, which occurs due to their unsatisfactory technical condition, is not allowed: the presence of cracks, damage to the fire protection layer, etc.
- For commissioned buildings (structures) with a centralized supply of energy resources, the installation and regular verification of water and energy metering devices are mandatory. Metering devices included in the State Register of Measuring Instruments and approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation are allowed for installation.
- The main operational characteristics of the building (structure) include: - functional suitability; - security; - reliability; - maintainability; - durability.
- Operational loads and impacts are given in SP 20.13330.
- When operating buildings (structures), to ensure the operation of operational services, the following requirements must be met: - structural elements and engineering support systems must be available for repair work, elimination of malfunctions and defects, for adjustment and adjustment during operation; - measures should be taken to control the technical condition of the building (structure), maintain its operability and serviceability; - the availability of the installed control elements requiring metrological support should be ensured; - the building (construction) for the purpose of its normal operation must have devices and premises necessary for the accommodation of the operating personnel.
Requirements for safe operation
Section 6- The section of the design documentation "Requirements for the safe operation of a capital construction facility" is mandatory for newly built, reconstructed and undergoing major repairs of buildings (structures) in accordance with.
- When developing general requirements for the safe operation of a capital construction facility, federal laws -, rules and, codes of rules SP 42.13330, SP 20.13330, SP 22.13330, SP 118.13330, SP 2.2.2.1327, national and interstate standards GOST 27751, GOST 31937, GOST R 56192, GOST R 56193, GOST R 56194.
- The section of the project documentation "Requirements for the safe operation of a capital construction facility" must contain information in accordance with and.
Additionally, according to the design assignment, the section of design documentation "Requirements for the safe operation of a capital construction facility" includes:
Information about the service life of the building or structure and its parts;
Data on equipping the building (structure) with metering devices for the consumption of heat, water, electrical energy and other resources;
The maximum frequency of current and major repairs of buildings, structures and structures, including individual elements, structures of buildings (structures), as well as engineering and technical support systems;
Safety measures during the operation of handling equipment used in the operation of buildings, structures and structures;
The list of energy efficiency requirements that the building, structure and structure must comply with when commissioning and during operation, as well as the time period during which the specified energy efficiency requirements must be met during operation; - special measures:
- a) seismic protection,
- b) to prevent and protect against flooding,
- c) for leveling buildings (structures) erected on undermined territories and subsiding soils during their operation,
- d) to eliminate or reduce deformations of foundations composed of subsiding soils,
- e) to control the condition of the base soils and foundations of buildings (structures) erected on permafrost soils, as well as the features of their operation.
- The content of the design requirements for the activities of the current maintenance of the building (structure), aimed at maintaining the design level of safety, to ensure safe living conditions for people and stay in the building (structure) during the period of operation and safe operation of the territory of the building (structure) are presented in Appendix A.
- In the case of operation of building structures in aggressive environments, design documentation must additionally contain:
Characteristics of an acceptable (design) operating environment (chemical composition, indicators of temperature and humidity conditions, etc.);
Indication of the need for protective measures, as well as measures to reduce the degree of aggressiveness of the environment, including the removal and lowering of groundwater.
- Project documentation should contain information about the locations measuring instruments, workings, openings, probing of structures to determine the actual values of controlled parameters.
- The appendix to the section of project documentation "Requirements for the safe operation of a capital construction facility" should contain information on ensuring the fire safety of the facility and people on it:
- - floor evacuation schemes in case of fire;
- - requirements for ensuring a fire hazard class when processing, restoring and replacing finishing surfaces and other interior details;
- - data on the location and operating modes of elevators for the transportation of fire departments;
- - requirements for the operation of fire-fighting systems and equipment.
Ensuring fire safety during operation
Section 14. p.:- To ensure the fire regime during the operation of buildings (structures), along with this set of rules, one should also be guided by GOST 12.1.004, SP 112.13330, process design standards, other fire safety rules and other duly approved regulatory documents regulating fire safety requirements for buildings ( structures) of various functional purposes.
- List of buildings (structures), premises and equipment, in without fail subject to protection by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms, is given in SP 5.13130.
- The content and unified procedure for the development, approval and approval of the assignment for the design of fire extinguishing and alarm systems are given in. The procedure for reviewing and agreeing on projects for an automatic fire extinguishing system (automatic fire alarm system) is given in.
- In buildings (structures) (except for residential buildings) and at places where people stay and work (more than 10 people per floor), the availability of fire evacuation plans is regulated. An evacuation plan is developed for all buildings (structures) in accordance with the requirements of subsection 6.2 of GOST R 12.2.143-2009, and in terms of organizational and technical measures to ensure fire safety - paragraph 3.3 and section 4 of GOST 12.1.004-91, the requirements of fire safety rules safety of the federal executive body in the field of fire safety and other regulatory documents that establish requirements for protection human life and ensuring evacuation in accordance with clause 4.5 of GOST R 12.2.143-2009.
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