(text of the document with amendments and additions as of November 2014)

Approved
State Committee
for civil engineering
and architecture under Gosstroy of the USSR
November 22, 1971

Contributed by TsNIIEP housing, NIIMosstroy and VNIINSM.

Approved by the State Committee for Civil Engineering and Architecture under the Gosstroy of the USSR on November 22, 1971.

Instructions for installing floors from PVC linoleum on felt base contain information for the installation of floors from this material in residential and public buildings.

The Guidelines are based on a generalization of the experience of designing, building and operating floors with a PVC linoleum coating on a felt heat and sound insulation basis and studies performed by the laboratories of the authoring institutes, as well as the laboratories of the Research Institute of Building Physics (NIISF) of the USSR State Construction Committee.

The guidelines were developed by the Central Research and Design Institute for Standard and Experimental Design of Dwellings (TsNIIEP Dwellings) of the State Committee for Civil Engineering and Architecture under the Gosstroy of the USSR together with the Research Institute of Glavmosstroy under the Moscow City Executive Committee (NIIMosstroy) and the All-Union Research Institute of New building materials(VNIINSM) Ministry of Building Materials Industry of the USSR.

Editors - engineers A.M. Ladygin ( State Committee on Civil Engineering and Architecture under the State Construction Committee of the USSR), L.L. Safronchik (TsNIIEP housing) and Ph.D. tech. Sciences E.M. Linde (NIIMosstroy).

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. These Guidelines apply to the production of work on the installation of floors made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) linoleum on a felt (heat and sound insulating) basis.

1.2. Floors made of PVC linoleum must meet the requirements of chapter SNiP II-B.8-71 "Floors. Design standards", chapter SNiP II-B.6-62 "Enclosing structures. Design standards" (flooring), chapter SNiP II- L.1-71 "Residential buildings. Design standards" (indicators of sound insulation) and chapters of SNiP II-A.7-71 "Construction heat engineering. Design standards" (indicators of heat absorption of the floor surface).

Work on the installation of floors should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of chapter SNiP III-B.14-72 "Floors. Rules for the production and acceptance of work", chapter SNiP III-A.11-70 "Safety in construction" and these Instructions.

1.3. PVC linoleum on a felt basis is allowed to be laid:

a) in residential premises, corridors, kitchens of residential buildings, hostels, hotels;

b) in the main premises of the buildings of hospitals, clinics, sanatoriums, kindergartens;

c) in the main premises of educational and administrative buildings.

1.4. PVC-linoleum on a felt basis is not allowed to be used in rooms where: heavy traffic of people ( trading floors, vestibules, landings etc.), systematic moistening of floors (sanitary facilities, laboratories, etc.), the possibility of getting acids, alkalis and their solutions on the floor.

1.5. PVC linoleum should be applied, as a rule, welded into carpets. In some cases, with appropriate justifications, it is allowed to use PVC linoleum not welded into carpets.

1.6. The working drawings of the projects should contain the necessary instructions on the floor structure, floor details and junctions with doorways, niches, partitions, etc., taking into account the architectural requirements of the interiors, as well as specifications for welded carpets with dimensions per room or roll layouts for rooms.

2. REQUIREMENTS FOR MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS, THEIR STORAGE CONDITIONS

A. Linoleum

2.1. PVC linoleum on a felt basis is a multilayer roll material. The front layer consists of a plastic mass containing polyvinyl chloride resin, plasticizers, fillers and various additives; the lower heat and sound insulating layer consists of an antiseptic felt base.

PVC-linoleum on a felt basis is made by the lubrication method or by the duplication method. In the production of PVC linoleum by the method of duplication, its front layer is made by rolling calender or extrusion methods.

2.2. PVC linoleum on a felt basis must meet the requirements of chapter SNiP I-B.15-69 "Materials and products based on polymers." Until the publication of the all-Union state standard for this type of linoleum should be guided by the requirements of the current normative documents approved or agreed in the prescribed manner.

2.3. PVC linoleum on a felt base, welded or not welded into carpets, must be delivered to construction sites in rolls complete with PVC thresholds, the color of which must match the color of the linoleum.

Note. By agreement with the customer, linoleum can be supplied without thresholds.

2.4. Welds should be straight, inconspicuous, continuous along the entire length of the carpet, without breaks and burnouts.

Note. The color of the filler rod (tape) must match the color of the linoleum.

2.5. The tensile strength of welded joints must be at least 30 kgf/cm2.

The tensile strength of the weld is checked according to GOST 270-64 "Rubber. Method for determining the tensile strength at break."

2.6. Sizes and brands of welded carpets should be taken according to the customer's specification. The dimensions of the carpets must correspond to the dimensions of the rooms. The deviation of the dimensions of welded carpets from the dimensions of the premises in which they will be laid should not exceed +10 mm. Minus deviations from the dimensions are not allowed.

Note. When determining the size of carpets, one should take into account the need to cut them in doorways, window sills and other places.

2.7. The linoleum carpet must be tightly, evenly and without folds wound on a core with a diameter of 80 - 100 mm, with the front side inward. PVC linoleum on a felt basis, not welded into carpets, is rolled into a roll without a core.

A roll of linoleum should be wrapped in two layers of thick paper and tied with twine.

2.8. Each roll must be labeled with:

b) product name;

c) brands and sizes (length, width in m);

d) PVC layer thickness in mm;

e) passport number;

f) technical specification numbers;

g) date of manufacture.

2.9. Rolls of linoleum should be stored in closed, dry and heated rooms.

Relative humidity in warehouses should be no more than 60%, temperature - not lower than +10 °C.

2.10. Linoleum carpets should be stored separately by color, size and grade and stored in horizontal position in several rows on specially made racks.

Rolls of linoleum not welded into carpets should be stored in vertical position.

2.11. Linoleum welded into carpets should be transported in a horizontal position, and not welded into carpets - in a vertical position, carefully covered with a tarpaulin to protect it from moisture.

B. sills

2.12. Polyvinyl chloride thresholds for connecting individual felt-based PVC-linoleum carpets in doorways must comply with the requirements of these Guidelines and other relevant regulatory documents agreed and approved in the prescribed manner.

2.13. The sills are molded products consisting of polyvinyl chloride resin, plasticizers and various additives.

The cross section of polyvinyl chloride sills must correspond to that indicated in fig. 1. Deviations in dimensions are allowed no more than +/- 1 mm.

Rice. 1. Connection of a PVC nut with felt-based linoleum

1 - nut; 2 - felt-based linoleum; 3 - a layer of glue-mastic KN-2; 4 - floor panel or screed

The length of the molding for the sills is 3.5 m. On the customer's request, it is allowed to manufacture the moldings of the sills of other lengths.

2.14. The front side of the nut should be smooth, free of pits, scratches and dirt.

2.15. Polyvinyl chloride sills are delivered to construction sites in bags of 20 pieces, packed in paper. Each package must be labeled with:

a) the name of the manufacturer;

b) product name;

c) the number of m in the package;

d) passport number;

e) technical specification numbers;

e) date of manufacture.

2.16. PVC sills should be stored in heated rooms at a temperature not lower than +10 °C. The thresholds stored indoors at a temperature below +15 °C are kept for two days in rooms at a temperature not lower than +15 °C before laying.

B. Fillets and skirting boards

2.17. Wooden fillets and skirting boards must comply with the requirements of GOST 8242-63* "Wooden planed molded parts", polyvinyl chloride skirting boards - GOST 9739-61 ** "PVC skirting boards, handrails and overlays for treads".

Note. PVC skirting boards may only be used in combination with linoleum, the shrinkage of which does not exceed 0.3%.

D. Adhesives and mastics

2.18. Adhesive-mastics KN-2 and KN-3, intended for gluing thresholds and PVC skirting boards, must meet the requirements of chapter SNiP I-B.15-69 "Materials and products based on polymers", as well as the requirements of the current technical specifications for these adhesives - mastics, approved and agreed upon in the prescribed manner.

The glue on which the sticker of linoleum not welded into carpets is made must meet the requirements Specifications glue "Bustilat" (TU MGI-2 RSFSR 50-69), approved by Glavmosstroy at the Moscow City Executive Committee.

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUB-FLOOR

3.1. PVC linoleum on a felt base is laid on reinforced concrete panels floors or cement-sand screed. Structural schemes for floors coated with PVC-linoleum on a felt basis should be taken according to fig. 2 and 3.

Rice. 2. Structural scheme of the floor with felt-based linoleum covering over unheated basements and technical undergrounds

1 - felt-based linoleum; 2 - cement-sand mortar screed; 3 - waterproof paper; 4 - insulation (by calculation); 5 - carrier panel

Rice. 3. Structural schemes of floors with felt-based linoleum coating in interfloor ceilings

a - along a solid floor panel, providing sound insulation from airborne sound; b - on a multi-hollow floor panel; 1 - felt-based linoleum; 2 - solid floor panel; 3 - cement-sand mortar screed; 4 - multi-hollow floor panel

3.2. The surface of the base floor (floor panel, screed) must be horizontal, even, clean, smooth, without shells, sags and drops at the joints of the panels.

3.3. The deviation of the floor base surface from the horizontal plane should not exceed 0.2% of the corresponding room size. The gap between the surface of the floor base and the two-meter rail should not exceed 2 mm.

3.4. The moisture content of the floor panel concrete is not allowed to exceed 4%, and the moisture content of the mortar screed must not exceed 6%.

3.5. The screed materials, its thickness and strength (not less than 100 kgf/cm2) are taken in accordance with the project.

4. INSTALLATION OF FELT-BASED PVC-LINOLEUM FLOORS

A. From linoleum welded into carpets

4.1. Felt-based PVC linoleum carpets, as a rule, must be manufactured by supplier plants in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents agreed and approved in the prescribed manner. Allowed to make carpets construction organizations.

4.2. Welding of carpets is carried out in specially equipped dry rooms at an air temperature of at least +15 ° C

In the cold season, linoleum rolls should be kept upright for two days. After rolling out the rolls, it is necessary to allow the cut panels to rest freely for 1-2 days in stacks no more than 1 m high.

4.3. Welding of carpets must be carried out with high frequency current, hot groove or other proven methods that ensure the requirements of regulatory documents for carpets and these Guidelines.

All linoleum panels that make up the carpet must have the same direction along the roll. After welding, the carpets should be freely aged for 2-3 days in piles no more than 1 m high.

4.4. Before laying the carpets, the base of the floor is cleaned of dirt and dust with shovels and hair brushes, the deviation of the surface of the panels from the horizontal plane is eliminated, the sagging is removed, the recessed irregularities are sealed and the differences (up to 15 mm) of the panel joints are leveled with a polymer-cement mortar; irregularities and differences of more than 15 mm are leveled with a cement-sand mortar of a grade of at least 150 in accordance with the rules for the production of works (notching, dust removal, wetting, etc.).

Polymer cement mortar made from dry cement-sand mixture grade 150 and plasticized PVA emulsion diluted with water in a ratio of 1:4.

4.5. Laying carpets is allowed in rooms with glazed windows, after testing heating systems, plumbing, sewerage, hot water supply, electrical installations and ventilation of buildings and finishing works, at which moisture and contamination of floors are possible (plaster, facing, painting, etc.).

4.6. Room-sized felt-backed PVC linoleum carpets are laid dry.

4.7. The gaps between the edges of the carpet and the walls (partitions) are closed with fillets or skirting boards, which are attached to the walls (partitions).

In the case of using a fillet or plinth without laying out, linoleum is laid before the last painting of the walls or pasting them with wallpaper.

In the case of using a plinth with a layout, it is recommended to attach the main part of the plinth (nail or stick) at the beginning of the finishing work cycle, leaving a gap between the plinth and the floor of 10 mm for winding the edge of the linoleum (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Installation of skirting boards and layouts with felt-based linoleum floors

1 - plinth; 2 - layout; 3 - linoleum; 4 - screed or base; 5 - nails 50 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter; 6 - wooden cork; 7 - alabaster solution; 8 - partition or wall; 9 - wallpaper

4.8. When laying felt-based PVC linoleum carpets, the sequence of technological operations must be observed:

cleaning the base from dirt and dust;

posting linoleum carpets to the places of laying;

exposure of linoleum carpets in rolls;

rolling out linoleum carpets on the base;

free maturation of linoleum carpets;

final laying of the carpet with cutting and fitting along the contour;

sill device doorways;

nailing the baseboard in accordance with clause 4.7.

4.9. The rolls of linoleum carpets are carried to the places of laying, guided by the marking of the carpets and the plan for their layout according to the project.

4.10. Rolls of linoleum carpets are kept in a horizontal position for two days indoors at a temperature not lower than +15 °C.

4.11. The layout of linoleum carpets is carried out in compliance with the position of the carpet according to the project, while the welds must be directed to the light.

4.12. Free maturation of the rolled out carpet should last up to complete disappearance waviness, but not less than 1 day.

4.13. The final laying of the carpet with cutting and fitting along the contour should be carried out in such a way that the gap between the edges of the carpet and the wall is no more than 5 mm. The carpet should fit snugly to the base over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.

Note. For cutting the carpet, use the tools used for laying floors from ordinary linoleum.

4.14. In places where it is possible to partially moisten the floor under operating conditions (near sinks and sinks, under heating radiators, at the entrance and balcony doors etc.), the edges of the carpet to a width of 200 - 300 mm must be smeared with glue and pressed (glued) to the base.

4.15. In doorways, linoleum carpets should be connected using PVC sills glued to the base. The connection of the threshold with felt-based PVC linoleum in the doorways is shown in fig. one.

4.16. PVC sills should be installed after the final laying of linoleum carpets, but before installing the layouts of skirting boards or fillets.

4.17. threshold in doorway must be cut so that top shelf in length it corresponded to the width of the door frame in quarters and adjoined one side to the quarter.

The lower shelf at the junction with the quarter is cut to a depth of a quarter, as shown in Fig. 5.

Rice. 5. Cutting the nut in the doorway

1 - place for trimming the lower shelf; 2 - door frame; 3 - nut

On the door frame mark the middle of the nut.

4.18. Before gluing the thresholds, it is necessary to cut the linoleum carpets in the doorways.

The panels of the joined linoleum carpets are overlapped and the line of the middle of the nut is marked on the upper panel according to the marks on the door frame (see paragraph 4.17). The upper panel is cut at a distance of 2.5 mm from the line of the middle of the nut, and the lower one - at a distance of 5 mm (width of the nut) from the edge of the cut panel. Linoleum is cut along the ruler with a preliminary lining under the joint of the panels of the strip of fibreboard.

4.19. At the junction of felt-based PVC linoleum with PVC tiles, the threshold in the doorway is installed as shown in fig. 6. The bottom shelf facing the PVC tiles is cut off.

Rice. 6. Connection of a PVC sill with felt-based linoleum and PVC tiles in the doorway in the kitchen

1 - PVC tiles; 2 - fiberboard; 3 - nut; 4 - linoleum; 5 - reinforced concrete panel; 6 - layer of glue KN-2

Fibreboards adjacent to the sill are cut along a ruler to a width of 20 mm and cut off from above to a depth of 2 - 2.5 mm.

4.20. The sill is glued in the following sequence: linoleum panels, cut at the doorways, are bent from the base of the floor, which is thoroughly cleaned of dust;

a layer of glue-mastic 0.2 mm thick is applied to the underside of the nut (wide shelf) (with exposure according to the rules for the use of mastics);

on the surface of the base of the floor smeared with mastic glue (without preliminary exposure), the prepared threshold is laid.

4.21. In the grooves between the shelves of the nut, linoleum panels are laid without gluing, for which the top of the shelf is bent front side nut.

4.22. After the final laying of the carpet, fillets or layouts of skirting boards are installed. Linoleum flooring and fillet (plinth) are not connected to each other. Over the entire area of ​​​​the room, the carpet should lie freely (without pinching).

Before installing fillets, the surface of the walls and the linoleum coating must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt and dust.

4.23. PVC skirting boards are glued to the walls (partitions) before painting.

B. From linoleum, not welded into carpets

4.24. PVC linoleum on a felt basis, not welded into carpets, must be glued to the floor base over the entire area.

4.25. Bonding may be carried out when the air temperature in the room at the floor level is not lower than +15 °C. At the same time, the humidity of the cement-sand screed should not be more than 6%, and of reinforced concrete floor panels - 4%.

4.26. Linoleum sheets, cut to the size of the room, must be kept at room temperature in a rolled form until the waviness disappears completely.

PVC linoleum, the front layer of which is made by extrusion, should be laid face down for aging. Laying panels must be carried out in the direction of the light with an overlap of edges by 15 - 25 mm.

4.27. For stickers, each aged panel should be rolled into a roll for half its length (the other half remains in place), and glue should be applied to the vacated area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe base (screed) using a metal or rubber notched trowel. The dimensions and shape of the spatula teeth should ensure that the adhesive is applied with a layer of 0.6 - 0.8 mm thick.

The folded part of the cloth is rolled out over the adhesive layer and pressed tightly to the base of the floor. The second half of the panel and the rest of the linoleum are also glued.

4.28. When applying glue, it is necessary to leave strips 100 - 150 mm wide under the edges of the panels that are not smeared.

4.29. The edges of adjacent panels of PVC linoleum (except for linoleum, the front layer of which is made by extrusion) in the places of overlap should be cut simultaneously along the ruler with a sharpened special knife with a preliminary lining under the joint of the strips of fiberboard.

Cutting PVC linoleum, the front layer of which is made by extrusion, must be carried out in the following sequence: in the place where the edges of the panels overlap, put the panel with the most even edge on top; mark on the lower panel the contour of the edge of the upper panel; cut the edge of the bottom panel along the marked line.

After removing the linoleum scraps and gaskets, the edges of the linoleum panels are glued to the base with the same adhesives as the panels.

4.30. Freshly glued linoleum edges for better contact with the base should be firmly pressed to the floor with foot rollers. The edges of linoleum with the front layer made by extrusion, after gluing, must be loaded for at least 1 day.

5. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE FINISHED FELT-BASED PVC-LINOLEUM FLOOR

5.1. The floor surface of PVC linoleum on a felt base must be flat, smooth, clean and uniform.

5.2. On the surface of linoleum there should be no traces of paint, mastic and scratches.

5.3. Welded seams of linoleum carpets, parallel to the direction of the roll, should be located, as a rule, in the direction of the light from the windows.

5.4. The gaps between the edges of the carpet and the walls (partitions), made in accordance with clause 4.13, must be closed with fillets (skirting boards).

Over the entire area of ​​​​the room, the carpet should lie freely (without pinching) to ensure free shrinkage of linoleum.

5.5. Linoleum flooring must be laid free of bubbles and wrinkles.

5.6. Quality assessment finished coating should be done by careful examination. appearance coatings, plinths or fillets, thresholds, trimming and adjoining the coating to walls (partitions), doorways and other structures, as well as measurements:

slopes and curvature of the plane;

depressions and bumps (surface evenness).

Main normative documents, which includes requirements for the arrangement of various categories of floors - these are SP and SNiP. It is these acts that must be guided both when creating a floor in a new house, and during overhaul floor coverings.

floor construction

Floor installation in a residential area

Structurally, the floor consists of the following elements:

• Draft floor.
• Finishing.
• Various layers in the form of heat, hydro, steam and sound insulation.

The basis can serve as interfloor overlap as well as soil or concrete. It is the base that takes the main load that falls on the floors, so it must be strong enough to withstand the operating conditions..

Floor properties

Finishing floors equip from various materials, which largely determine the properties of the structure:

• Artificial and natural stone.
• Concrete.
• Ceramic tile.
• Asphalt.
• Linoleum.
• Cork.
• Batten.
• Parquet.
• Laminate.
• Carpet, etc.

SNiP and SP define the most important operational properties coatings:

• Resistance to mechanical abrasion under load on floors.
• Heat absorption. This indicator determines the amount of heat that the floor covering will take away from a person. Wood, cork, laminate, linoleum and carpet differ in insignificant heat absorption, so the floors of them seem warm. Stone or concrete floors are cold, as these materials take up a significant amount of heat.
• Rigidity. This indicator determines the tendency of the coating to deform under load.
• Elasticity. A property that determines the ability of a coating to return to its original shape after deformation. Elastic coatings include wood, linoleum, carpet and cork. They create a feeling of softness, while there is practically no deformation on the surface, for example, from heavy furniture or heels.

Primary requirements

SNiP and SP define not only building codes that must be followed during the arrangement, but also operating parameters that the floors must match.

The main requirements for absolutely all genders are:

• Smooth non-slip surface.
• Easy to clean flooring.
• High strength.
• Sufficient resistance to abrasion, fading and mechanical stress.
• Conformity general style room interior.
• In rooms with high humidity the floor must be waterproof.
• Sufficient degree of sound absorption, corresponding to the norms of the noise level for different types of premises.

Normative documents

Floor insulation with screed

After the entry into force of Federal Law No. 384-FZ " Technical regulation on the safety of buildings and structures” was developed by the Code of Rules SP 29.13330.2011. Floors. This document is an updated version of the previously existing SNiP 2.03.13-88.

SP 29.13330.2011 regulates the rules for designing and arranging the floors of buildings and structures of any type. The updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88 also defines a list of other regulatory documentation governing the arrangement of floors in different rooms:

• Residential and public buildings - SP 54.13330, SP 55.13330, SNiP 31-06.
• Fire and explosion hazardous industrial premises - Requirements fire safety dated 06/22/2008.
• For rooms with normalized heat absorption floor coverings- SP 50.13330.
• Floors on ceilings - SP 51.13330.
• Floors of agricultural complexes - SNiP 2.10.03.
• Floors exposed during operation to chemically aggressive substances - SNiP 2.03.11.
• floors in sports complexes- SNiP 31-05.
• Floors in warehouses - SP 56.13330.

In addition, the updated version building codes prescribes to use the requirements for a specific type of building when designing floors. Floors are accepted in accordance with SNiP 3.04.01.

SP 29.13330.2011 (updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88) defines properly equipped floors as a coating that provides the following parameters:

• Reliability.
• Optimal costs of building materials for the arrangement of the floor.
• Maximum strength and deformation properties.
• Ecological and hygienic safety.
• Safety in the movement of people and / or equipment.
• Fire safety.
• Explosion safety.

Dry floor technology

When designing and arranging, the impacts that the floor perceives during operation must be taken into account.. This includes mechanical and moisture loading. Also, floors must meet a number of special requirements:

• Lack of sparking as a result of mechanical impact.
• Wear resistance.
• Sound, heat, moisture and vapor barrier.
• No dust formation, etc.

Floors must necessarily have a bearing capacity corresponding to the loads, otherwise the coating becomes “unsteady” and, as a result, ceases to meet safety requirements. In places of occurrence of a concentrated load, a coating deflection of more than 2 mm should not form. In rooms with a significant moisture load, a coating slope is provided.

Floor covering requirements

• Floor covering in accordance with SP 29.13330.2011 (updated edition of SNiP 2.03.13-88) is selected based on the load and its intensity. When arranging the cover under it, it is necessary to leave air space, which should not have communication with ventilation ducts. In large areas, this space is divided into compartments. The coating must have antistatic properties. Such resistance can provide a comfortable stay of a person in the room and the necessary protection of the electrical equipment and equipment used from the resulting discharges.
• The surface of the coating should be even with differences of 2–6 mm, depending on the material chosen. When using parquet, linoleum and laminate, the formation of ledges between adjacent elements is not allowed.
• When arranging floors in rooms with temperature changes, deformation gaps must be left to compensate for the expansion / contraction of the material. Elastic materials are used for seams. The expansion joints of all layers of the floor must be on top of each other.

Waterproofing

Floors on the balcony in a wooden house

Waterproofing is not required for all floors. It is mandatory only in rooms with an average and high humidity load - SP 29.13330.2011 (updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88).

View waterproofing materials is selected depending on the degree of liquid exposure, as well as the type of liquid. It can be water, oils or chemically aggressive substances.

The hydrobarrier can be constructed from the following materials:

• Bituminous deposited roll materials.
• Self-adhesive bituminous roll products.
• Roll materials with a polymer base.
• Bituminous mastics.
• Bitumen-polymer mastics.
• Bulk waterproofing.
• polyethylene membranes.
• Penetrating waterproofing, etc.

The choice of waterproofing materials is carried out in accordance with the recommendations of SNiP and SP and based on operating conditions. The updated version of building codes gives detailed recommendations regarding waterproofing materials suitable for use in various conditions.

Requirements for the arrangement of the screed

Cement-sand floor screed

In accordance with SP 29.13330.2011 (updated edition of SNiP 2.03.13-88), the screed must be equipped in the following cases:

• The need for floor leveling.
• Hidden installation of pipelines.
• Ensuring uniform distribution of loads over heat and noise insulating layers.
• Creating a floor that meets the standards of heat absorption.
• Creating a floor slope.

The screed is made of concrete or a cement-sand mixture. The brand of concrete is determined based on the design of the floors and the base on which the screed is performed. In rooms with temperature fluctuations, as well as when arranging "warm floor" systems, the screed provides expansion joints, which are stitched with elastic polymers.

Ground base requirements

When arranging floors according to ground base the soil must be thoroughly compacted. It is impossible to use vegetable and weak soils, as they are not able to provide the necessary floor strength indicators. When building a house on a site lined with such soils, they must be replaced with low-compressibility materials. When using imported soils, their layer-by-layer laying is carried out.

Coatings

How to make a bulk floor

The fundamental criterion for choosing a coating is the type of room and the load on the floor. Appendix D SP 29.13330.2011 (updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88) recommends the following types of floor coverings:

• For residential premises - linoleum, parquet, batten, laminate.
• For public spaces with an average load - self-leveling, concrete floors, porcelain stoneware, natural and artificial stone.
• Medical institutions - linoleum, parquet, floor board, laminate.
• Children's institutions - linoleum.
• Educational institutions, sports and assembly halls - laminate flooring, parquet, linoleum.
• Unheated premises - porcelain stoneware, ceramic tiles.

A complete list of recommended floor coverings can be found in SP 29.13330.2011 (updated version of SNiP 2.03.13-88). Linoleum and laminate can only be used for interior decoration, the traffic intensity in which is low. With a significant load, other recommendations should be followed. So, for example, floor covering for industrial premises is selected in accordance with Appendix B to SP 29.13330.2011 (updated edition of SNiP 2.03.13-88), which is mandatory, not advisory.

In this Appendix, the selection of coatings is carried out according to different criteria:

• Degree of mechanical impact.
• The action of aggressive environments and chemicals.
• Special requirements for a particular type of room.

It is impossible to use for arranging floors materials that adversely affect the microclimate in the room, as well as releasing compounds harmful to humans into the air. A floor with such a coating will not meet the requirements of safety, environmental friendliness and hygiene.

concrete floors

The main areas of application of concrete floors are workshops, livestock complexes, warehouses and hangars. The thickness of such a coating depends on the operational loads. When arranging floors with a thickness of not more than 120 mm, it is recommended to reinforce them metal mesh with a cell 100×100 mm.

When performing such a coating, concrete is laid in strips. The evenness of the floor is controlled by beacons. The width of the strips of SNiP and SP is recommended to be determined based on the characteristics of the building, as well as the equipment used to carry out the work. Special sealing compounds are applied to the wet concrete surface.

asphalt pavement

Floor in an industrial building

Depending on the operational loads, laying can be carried out in one or two layers. After complete laying of the coating, it is compacted and sprinkled with fine-grained sand. The floor is fully usable a day after the arrangement of the coating.

Plank floors

Plank floors are great for residential country houses, public or administrative buildings. You can arrange them in industrial premises with little load. The coating can be installed on the ground or on logs. Wood is an environmentally friendly material, but it is prone to decay. To prevent such processes, it is recommended to perform 2 layers of waterproofing.

Coating boards are laid perpendicular to the joists and fixed with nails. The joints between the individual floorboards must be carefully adjusted - the formation of gaps and cracks is not allowed. The joint between the wall and the floor is made using a plinth.

Linoleum

Floors made of this material are distinguished by good wear resistance and ease of maintenance. Linoleum has long been successfully used in flooring in country houses and apartments, medical and children's institutions. Such material has proven itself well in rooms on the floors of which the formation of static charges is unacceptable. These are operating rooms, laboratories and rooms with electrical equipment.

Linoleum can be laid on concrete base, a monolithic screed or a draft floor made of sheet lumber. The material is glued to the base over the entire area. The formation of air pockets under the coating is not allowed.

Conclusion

SNiP and SP - the main regulatory documentation governing the requirements for the arrangement of floors in buildings different type. These norms have practical value not only for specialists, but also for private developers.

Related publications

Ruslan Vasiliev

Order of Lenin Main Directorate for Housing and Civil Engineering in Moscow

GLAVMOSSTROY under the Moscow City Executive Committee

TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT

DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING REGULATIONS FOR THE USE OF FOAMED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE LINOLEUM WITH A PRINTED PATTERN

VSN-173-84

Glavmosstroy

Moscow-1984

"Departmental building codes for the use of foamed polyvinyl chloride linoleum with a printed pattern" were developed by the flooring sector of the laboratory of finishing works of the research institute NIIMosstroy (candidate of technical sciences G.S. Agadzhanov, junior researcher L.N. Magnitskaya, engineer V. N. Frolova) and the Department of Finishing Works of Glavmosstroy (engineer A.D. Kokin and Candidate of Technical Sciences V.I. Malin). VSN-173-84 were developed to replace the following regulatory and technical documents VSN-173-81; Notice No. 1; Temporary instructions for the use of polyvinyl chloride foam linoleum with a printed pattern using the "cold welding" method (Moscow: TsNIL Stroyplastmass - NIIMosstroy, 1982 (Rotaprint). Polyvinyl chloride foam linoleum with a printed pattern (TU 400-1-227-81), as well as other materials recommended by these VSNs for floor coverings and approved by the USSR Ministry of Health for use in the construction of residential and public buildings ().

These Departmental building codes apply to the use of foamed polyvinyl chloride linoleum with a printed pattern (hereinafter referred to as linoleum).

Linoleum is intended for flooring of residential and public buildings. It is not allowed to use linoleum in areas with heavy traffic (trading floors, cinema foyers, lobbies).

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INSTALLATION OF LINOLEUM FLOORS

1.1. When installing floors, it is necessary to comply with the requirements set forth in the following regulatory and technical documents:

SNiP III-B.14-72 "Floors, Rules for the production and acceptance of work"; VSN-35-80 "Instruction for the installation of floors in residential and public buildings"; SNiP III-4-80 "Safety in construction".

1.2. Linoleum must meet the requirements of TU-400-1-227-81 "Foamed polyvinyl chloride linoleum with a printed pattern" and be supplied to construction sites in the form of welded carpets the size of a room, rolls, as well as separate cut panels marked on the back side

1.3. Linoleum floors should be laid after completion of construction and installation, special and finishing works, including painting walls and ceilings.

1.4. Before installing flooring, the heating system must be installed and tested.

1.5. The relative humidity of the air in the room during the installation of linoleum floors, as well as in the subsequent period, should be no more than 60%, and the air temperature at the floor level should not be lower than +15 ° C.

2. RULES FOR TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE OF LINOLEUM

2.1. Linoleum must be transported in covered vehicles: in the form of carpets - in a horizontal position, in the form of rolls - in a vertical position, in the form of panels - folded into piles.

2.2. When unloading from a car, linoleum panels in an amount of 1 to 3 pieces (depending on size) are rolled up into rolls face out, fastened with straps and lifted to the floors on a cargo lift.

2.3. Linoleum carpets at construction sites are stored in a horizontal position, but not more than 2-3 rows in height, in a dry room, at a distance of 1 m from heating appliances.

2.4. Rolls of linoleum at construction sites are stored in a vertical position.

2.5. Linoleum panels are stored unfolded in stacks no more than 1 m high.

2.6. The air temperature of the premises where linoleum is stored should not be lower than + 5 ° С.

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUBSTRATE

3.1. Linoleum flooring is carried out on solid reinforced concrete panels of intermediate floors or on cement-sand screeds with a compressive strength of at least 150 kgf / cm2 (15 MPa) or on other grounds provided for by the project. Humidity of panels should not exceed 4%, and cement-sand screed - 5%.

3.2. The joints of the floor panels must be carefully sealed with a polymer cement mortar.

3.3. The base prepared for laying linoleum must be clean, dust-free, even. When laying a two-meter rail in any direction, the unevenness of the base should not exceed 2 mm.

4. DEVICE OF FLOOR COVERINGS FROM LINOLEUM WELDED INTO CARPETS

4.1. Linoleum carpets must meet the requirements of TU 400-2-296-82 "Carpets made of foamed polyvinyl chloride linoleum with a printed pattern".

4.2. Carpets are welded from linoleum panels of one batch, one tone and pattern. At the same time, the seams of the valley should be straight and inconspicuous. The size of the carpet should match the size of the room; dimensional deviations should not exceed 10 mm; minus deviations are not allowed. The tensile strength of welds must be at least 30 kgf/cm2 (3 MPa).

4.3. Linoleum carpets are glued to the base with ADM-K glue (TU 400-1-177-79). Depending on the quality of the surface of the base, the consumption of glue is 350-400 g / m2 ().

4.4. When installing floor coverings from linoleum carpets, the following technological operations are performed: preparation of the base; keeping the carpet in a warm room; carpet heating; rolling it on the base; cutting along the contour of the room and free aging; gluing the carpet to the base; trimming and gluing linoleum edges in doorways; installation and fastening of skirting boards (according to the requirements of VSN-35-60, section 9).

4.5. Linoleum carpets, kept indoors for at least 24 hours at a temperature not lower than 15 ° C, are rolled out on the prepared base and cut along the contour of the room. The gap between the edges of the carpet and the walls should be 4-5mm. In this state, the carpets are aged until the waviness disappears. If the room temperature is below 15°C, to eliminate waviness, the carpets should be heated with hot air using a blower to a temperature of no more than 40-50°C for 10-15 minutes.

4.6. Before gluing, the carpet is folded back to half its length, without moving. ADM-K adhesive 0.3-0.4 mm thick is applied to the freed part of the base with a fine-toothed spatula. At the same time, glue is applied to back side linoleum on a welded seam with a strip width of 20-25 cm thin layer"on the edge." The carpet is rolled out over the adhesive layer immediately after applying the adhesive and carefully pressed to the base with a trowel until air is completely removed from under the linoleum. This operation is repeated with the second half of the carpet. After gluing, the linoleum weld must be loaded with cloth sleeves filled with sand for a period of at least a day.

Most often, when laying floors, we are guided by our own considerations, but we must take into account the requirements of SNiP. These documents are not neglected by builders and designers, and ordinary citizens should not. Since the documents differ in impressive volumes, we highlight the most important.

When searching for SNiP for flooring, you should be prepared for what to find single document will not work in all cases. In view of this, several documents will have to be taken into account.

The exception is the regulations that have been developed by some construction organizations. As a rule, the regulation includes a range of basic requirements that are convenient to apply in practice.

SNiP 2.03.13-88 should be used as the main document. It spells out the main provisions regarding the requirements for floor details, as well as all technological processes.

There are a number of other useful sources:

1. A document describing the conditions of labor protection - SNiP 12-04-2002. It is especially indispensable in the construction of public buildings and residential buildings.
2. SNiP for underfloor heating is 41-01-2003. Here are the requirements for ventilation, heating systems, air conditioning. The seventh part of GOST R 50571.25-2001 will also be useful. It provides information about special electrical installations.
3. Rules concerning performance characteristics and nomenclature of concretes and mortars, are reflected in GOST 4.212-80 and GOST 4.233-86.
4. A document such as SNiP 3.04.01-87 is already outdated, but it has rules regarding insulating and finishing coatings.
5. When installing a rough coating or floor on the ground, SNiP 3.02.01-87 is used.

Since SNiP for water floors has not yet been developed, the above documents are used for its installation, as well as the rules established by the manufacturers of parts - pipes, manifolds and others.

Preparatory work

The presented database describes all the work, from the start to the installation of the coating and additional elements.

1. The floor is laid only after leveling the soil and preventing heaving of the substrate, as well as after the work on drainage and dewatering has been carried out.
2. Previously, before laying the floor, it is necessary to erect ceilings and walls. If the floor is laid on a prepared base ( concrete screed, boardwalk), it is possible to carry out a fine finish of the walls.
3. It is required to carry out communications (wiring and pipes).

• It is recommended to install a damper tape at the points of contact between the floor and walls, columns, and other vertical elements.
• If necessary, the slopes provided for in the project are equipped by laying screeds or backfilling.

Among other things, you will have to observe control over the installation and conduct quality control of the materials used.

First of all, you should pay attention to the humidity and temperature regime:

• during the laying of materials made of wood or based on it, it is required to observe the humidity regime - work zone should not be waterlogged;
• temperature environment during construction, it should be no more than 15 0 С, when filling the gravel-sand mixture - from 0 0 С.

How to prepare the base

Maximum quality training grounds for the following rules:

• if the floor is to be installed on the ground, the fertile layer of peat or soil should be removed. Then it is backfilled with gravel or sand. Layer thickness - up to 50 cm;
• the thickness of each layer of backfill is 10 cm. Each layer is compacted manually or using special tools.

Important! If the soil is highly porous, it will need to be removed and replaced with a bulk substrate. With soils characterized by uneven indicators bearing capacity and density do the same.

1. The concrete base of the floor is made from mortars B20-B40 classes. The presence of reinforcement depends on the type of project.
2. The base is poured in strips, the width of which is up to 4 meters. The seams are sealed with special insulating materials.
3. Thermal insulation is installed over the base of concrete and soil. The most popular heaters are polystyrene, expanded clay, perlite.
4. The bathroom must have a layer of waterproofing, while it must go on the walls at least 150 mm.

The following types of screeds are used to level the base:

1. Cement-sand. Filling is done in order to even out irregularities on the bearing plane. Thickness - 30-50 mm.
2. Concrete slab. In this case, you can apply. The thickness in this case is less - only 2 cm.
3. You can also use a prefabricated screed made of board materials(plywood, chipboard and others). Plates are fixed on anchors or glued.

Important! During laying, it is necessary to take into account the SNiP for concrete floors. Among other things, allowances for the difference in the plane are taken into account. For piece coatings, the deviation of the screed can reach 4 mm, for linoleum - only 2 mm per 2 meters.

Do not forget about the expansion gaps that must be present between the elements of the slab screed. They should be no more than 5 mm.

Floor pouring technology (video)

Various floor coverings

Carpets, linoleum

Mounting roll coatings follows the following principles:

• before starting work, roll the material over the surface, leave it for a couple of days. This is necessary so that the temperature regime of the material becomes the same as the temperature regime of the room - this way you will avoid deformations in the future;
• it will become easier to stick the material, wrinkles will not form;
• pay attention to the moisture content of the base. For draft it should be about 10%, for cement base- no more than 5%. Do not forget to clean the base from debris and dust;
• then glue is applied and the coating can be fixed. Approximately 10 cm of the edges remain free, not glued;
• wait 3 days, cut the edges and glue them.

Important! During gluing the joints, it is recommended to roll them with a special roller. Can be applied heating appliances, with their help, end welding of rolled polymer coatings takes place.

polymer floor

Installation of polymer self-leveling floors is carried out as follows:

1. Installation takes place at a temperature of 10 0 C.
2. The base must be level - suitable screed or flat plate. Priming is being done.
3. Waiting 16 hours. Then a decorative layer is applied.
4. In the event that you decide to use the powder on the mastic layer, first wait 24 hours (during this time the glue dries), and then the excess powder must be removed. For this purpose, you can use a vacuum cleaner.
5. If the compositions are multicomponent, they are mixed right before laying.

The optimal thickness of the fill layer depends on the type of composition:

• polymer reinforced - 5–8 mm;
• polyurethane floor - 1–4 mm;
• highly filled epoxy - 8–10 mm.

Wooden floor

goes according to SNiP:

1. The optimal base is wooden two-meter bars (logs). Their thickness should reach 120 mm. Logs are placed directly on a concrete base or on vertical supports passing along the dirt floor.
2. The distance between the lags should reach 50 cm. The gap between the lag and the wall is 3 cm.
3. When laying parquet or boards on logs, there should be no gaps.
4. Fastening boards goes on nails. Their length should be doubled more thickness boards. Nails are driven directly into the front surface or at an angle.
5. treated with antiseptics and varnished in two layers. This is necessary to increase the life of the coating.

Floor heating

For the equipment of underfloor heating, the following requirements of SNiP must be observed:

• when arranging a warm floor, it is recommended to use only high-quality cables. The method of their installation depends on the type of product;
• into a monolithic cement-sand screed you can install cables, but on condition that the thickness of the subbase is more than 5 mm;
• when installing a decorative topcoat, you should check whether it is suitable for underfloor heating.

There are separate SNiPs for underfloor heating, which regulate the connection to the switchboard and require the product to comply with electrical safety rules.

Quality Control

After all work is completed, acceptance should be carried out. At the same time the quality of the surface evenness, laying according to SNiP and other things are assessed:

1. When tapping the surface over the squares, no voids should be revealed.
2. The surface must be smooth, free of visible and invisible defects.
3. The color must completely match the color scheme specified in the project.

Deviation from planes according to SNiP

Deviations along the plane of the floors should not be more than:

• 2 mm - piece, polymer, wooden coatings;
• 10 mm - earthen and adobe;
• 4 mm - roll materials;
• 6 mm - mosaic and cement materials.

It is worth paying attention to the ledges between the decorative details of the design and - no more than 2 mm. Deviations in the layer thickness should not be more than 10% of the entire thickness.

Page 22 of 28

COVERINGS FROM PARQUET BOARDS AND BOARDS

7.154. For posts under logs in floors arranged on the ground, ordinary clay brick of grade 75 and higher and cement mortar of grade not lower than 25 should be used. silicate brick and others artificial stones that reduce wet strength are not allowed.

Soundproof pads under the logs on the floors must meet the requirements of clauses 6.3 and 6.5 of these Recommendations.

7.155. On interfloor ceilings, mineral bulk materials that meet the requirements of clause 6.4 of these Recommendations should be used as soundproofing backfill for logs.

The moisture content of the backfill material when laying the coating should not exceed 10%.

7.156. For logs, unplaned boards (GOST 2695-83 *, GOST 8486-86 *) of the 2nd and 3rd grades from healthy coniferous and soft hardwoods, with the exception of linden and poplar, should be used. Boards may have a blunt wane without bark. The thickness of the lag, resting on the floor slabs or the soundproof layer with the entire lower surface, should be 40 mm, width - 80-100 mm. The thickness of the logs laid on separate supports (columns in the floors on the ground, floor beams, etc.) should be 40-50 mm; width - 100-120 mm.

The width of the wooden spacers laid on the posts under the logs in the floors on the ground should be 100-150 mm, length - 0.2-0.25 m, thickness - at least 25 mm.

The humidity of the lag and gaskets should not exceed 18%. Logs and pads must be antiseptic.

7.157. The distance between the axes of the log and between the axes of the floor beams (when laying the coating directly on the beams) should be 0.4-0.5 m.

When laying logs on separate supports (columns in floors on the ground, floor beams, etc.), the distances between the axes of these supports (log span) should be: 0.8-0.9 m with a log thickness of 40 mm; 1-1.1 m with a lag thickness of 50 mm.

At high operational loads on the floor from boards (for example, in sports halls, with distributed loads of more than 500 kg / m 2 and concentrated more than 200 kg / m 2, etc.), the distances between supports for logs, between logs and their thickness should be taken according to calculation.

7.158. Logs should be laid across the direction of light from windows, and in rooms with a certain direction of movement of people (for example, in corridors) - across the passage so that the flooring boards are located along these directions.

A gap of 20-30 mm wide should be left between the lags and the walls.

7.159. Laying logs on interfloor ceilings made of reinforced concrete slabs, should be carried out on soundproof gaskets or backfill, and if indicated in the project - directly on bearing plates ceilings, mounting recesses in floor slabs and the seams between these slabs, as well as between walls and slabs, must be filled with M150 mortar.

Soundproof pads should be laid in strips under the logs along their entire length without gaps.

The uneven surface of the floor slabs should be leveled by adding sand with a layer of minimum thickness. Soundproof backfills should be laid over the entire surface of the floor slabs with a layer of thickness specified in the project, but not less than 20 mm, and leveled with a lath.

7.160. In the floors on the ceilings, the logs should be leveled with a layer of sand, knocking it under soundproof pads or logs along their entire width and length. The joists must touch the soundproofing layer, floor slabs or sandy leveling layer with the entire lower surface, without gaps. Knocking wooden wedges or linings under the logs to level them or resting the log on wooden linings is not allowed. The length of the joined logs must be at least 2 meters. Short logs should be butted together end-to-end anywhere in the room with a displacement of the joints in adjacent logs by at least 0.5 m.

7.161. Under the logs, located on the posts in the floors on the ground, wooden linings should be laid in one layer over two layers of roofing material, the edges of which should be released from under the linings by 30-40 mm and attached to them with nails. To level the lag, gaskets of the appropriate thickness should be used. The joints of the lag should be located on the posts.

7.162. In the doorways of adjacent rooms, a widened log should be placed, protruding beyond the partition by at least 50 mm on each side, so that the floor covering in adjacent rooms rests on one log.

7.163. The height of the underground floor space on the ground (distance from the base or underlying layer to the floor boards) should be no more than 250 mm, and the floors on the ceilings (the distance from the floor or soundproof layer to the floor boards) - at least 10 mm.

7.164. The surface of all logs should be located on the water plane. The evenness of laying the log is checked in all directions with a two-meter rail with a level; the rail should touch (without gaps) all the logs. The verified logs are temporarily embroidered with boards.

The underground space before laying the floor boards must be cleared of chips, wood chips and debris.

7.165. For plank coverings, planed boards GOST 8242-88 "Wooden milled parts for construction" should be used.

7.166. The thickness of the boards used for board coverings in residential and public buildings must comply with the project. The humidity of the boards during their laying and rallying should not exceed 12%.

7.167. Laying of plank flooring boards should be carried out in one layer, directly along the logs, perpendicular to them. The boards of the coating should be connected to each other with side edges in a tongue and groove. Reducing the width of the coating during rallying should be at least 0.5%. Gaps between boards of a covering are allowed only in separate places no more than 1 mm.

7.168. Each plank flooring board must be nailed to each joist with nails 2-2.5 times the thickness of the flooring. Nails should be hammered into the face of the boards obliquely with the caps sunk in. The rows of nails along the log should be straight.

7.169. The joints of the ends with the side edges of the boards of the covering and the joints of the side edges of adjacent boards without a tongue and groove connection between them (for example, in doorways) should be placed on logs and performed with a careful fit in a straight line, avoiding the formation of cracks. Each of the adjacent boards, based on a common log, should be nailed to this log.

The joints of the ends of the boards of the coating with a length of at least 2 m should be located on a common log for them throughout the entire width or length of the room and overlap with a board (frieze) 50-60 mm wide, 15 mm thick, cut flush with the coating surface. The frieze is nailed to the log with nails in two rows with a step (along the log) of 200-250 mm. Docking of the ends without overlapping with a frieze is allowed only in two or three wall boards of the covering; joints should not be against doorways and should be located on the same log.

Sag and unevenness of the floor boards should be cut off after the final rallying and nailing.

7.170. Finishing the boardwalk should be done after the completion of all work in the room.

7.171. Parquet boards and parquet boards must meet the requirements of GOST 862.3-86. It is also allowed to use parquet boards in accordance with GOST 862-4-87.

Parquet boards and parquet boards with planks made of pine and larch wood are allowed only in premises where the operation of which will not cause intensive wear of the floors.

Humidity parquet boards and parquet boards during laying should not exceed 10%.

7.172. Laying parquet boards and parquet boards should be carried out directly along the logs, perpendicular to them. Parquet boards must be connected to each other in a tongue, and parquet boards - with the help of dowels and the length of the parquet boards joined at the ends must be at least 1.2 m. 5 mm.

7.173. Each parquet board and parquet board must be nailed to each joist with nails 50-60 mm long.

Nails should be hammered obliquely into the base of the lower cheek of the groove on the edges of parquet boards and parquet boards with sunken caps. Driving nails into the front surface of parquet boards and parquet boards is not allowed.

7.174. The joints of the ends and side edges with the ends of adjacent parquet boards, as well as the joints of the edges of adjacent parquet boards parallel to the joists, should be located on the joists. When pairing parquet boards, as well as parquet boards with sawn edges, a groove must be made on some of them, on others - a comb corresponding to those on the other edges.

One of the adjacent parquet boards and one of the adjacent parquet boards, resting on a common log for them and having a groove on the edge, must be nailed to this log.

7.175. In the process of laying coatings on logs arranged on floors, the rigidity of the floor should be systematically checked; the detected fluctuation is eliminated by additional tamping of sand under soundproof pads or logs.

In places where the coating hangs over the extreme log by more than 100 mm, an additional log of at least 600 mm long should be placed under its edge, and the coating should be nailed to it.

7.176. To ventilate the underground space of floors on the ground in rooms located on the 1st floor of buildings without a technical underground, slotted plinths should be laid near the walls and partitions, or holes should be left in the coating or fillets in two opposite corners of the room. The area of ​​the holes should be 20-30 cm. The holes should be covered with metal gratings that rise 7-10 mm above the floor.

In coatings laid on logs on interfloor ceilings, the device vents not required.

7.177. Finishing of floor coverings from parquet boards and boards should be done after completion of all work in the room.

7.178. The gaps between the coverings of boards, parquet boards and shields and the walls should be covered with skirting boards or fillets.

7.179. Moisture content of wood of skirting boards and fillets during installation should be no more than 12%.

7.180. Plinths and fillets should be fastened with nails 30-40 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter or screws 25 mm long, 3 mm in diameter, to the wall (partition), or only to the floor. The skirting boards must meet at an angle of 45°.

7.181. Lacquered skirting boards (fillets) should be installed after the final painting or wallpapering of the walls.

7.182. With even and smooth walls, it is allowed to install PVC skirting boards with gluing them to the walls before wallpapering. The adhesive should be applied to the cleaned wall surface and the back side of the skirting boards.

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