Do-it-yourself roof for a 4x3 log bath. Bath roof - basic recommendations for choosing the type and instructions for building (90 photos). Fixing rafter legs on a foam block bath

The construction of the bath is completed with fastening roof structure , a gable roof is also possible here. The second option is the most popular. This type of roof is quite capable of building on one's own subject to accurate calculations of the angle of inclination of the slopes and the power of the truss system.

Also consider using roof space- whether the attic will be equipped or. If you want to build a bath with a veranda under common roof, this also needs to be calculated in advance.

All these details affect ridge height, type of thermal and waterproofing, selection necessary materials and labor intensity installation work. Of great importance is price structural elements and roofing material.

Benefits of a gable roof

Why when building a roof for a bath choose more often duplex building? It is related to the complex benefits:

thanks to the pitched structure, it is provided natural outlet snow and rainwater, so the roof does not require significant maintenance efforts in the autumn-winter season;
the practicality of the design allows you to equip under the roof attic, adapted for storing various equipment and drying bath brooms, or a full-fledged living quarters where guests can be accommodated;
with a small area, baths in the attic can be equipped technical area with the removal of heating and air conditioning systems upstairs;
mounting gable roof not too complicated and is accessible to the non-specialist on condition careful preparation and security and during work at height;
buildings with ridge roof very attractive, have a finished look and allow you to add variety due to the individual decor of the gables and the use of various roofing materials;
roof with two slopes serves long time and does not require expensive complex repairs;
gable roof construction is sufficient economical option m in comparison with the construction of more complex and large-scale roofing systems.

Gable roof device

Before purchasing materials and proceeding with installation, you must familiarize yourself with features gable roof devices. The basis of the design is rafter system, which relies directly on the erected walls if the bath is log-house or from glued beams.

When using other types wall materials(brick or foam concrete) is laid along the upper perimeter of the wall support beam(Mauerlat) for fastening the truss system. Depending on the span between the supporting wall and ridge part rafters can be layered or hanging.

As additional roof reinforcements with a span of more than 3 meters install rafter legs (struts) and a rafter headstock to support the ridge run. Install along the entire length of the slope triangular trusses with a certain step.

Advice: the step of the truss truss should be 1.2 meters, which provides sufficient structural strength and convenience when fixing the transverse crate.

Rafter with support on Mauerlat it is easier to mount than hanging ones, but it is necessary to take into account the spacer load on the walls and adjust the weight of the truss system. Skat is considered optimal 40-50 , therefore, with significant inter-slope spans, they increase proportionally, which can improve design buildings and become the basis for the arrangement of the attic residential area.

Phased construction technology

The construction of a gable roof bath includes several main stages:

structural calculations and drafting drawing or scheme with sizing;
acquisition and markup materials, tool preparation;
mounting bearing beams;
installation truss system, including the installation of gables of intermediate trusses;
equipment ventilation pipe outlet from the stove-heater with a refractory casing to prevent the roof from catching fire;
fastening battens;
mounting insulating layers;
flooring roofing materials;
registration ridge part.

The best material for the formation of the truss system is a quality pine timber. Suitable for framing edged board. Roofing material is chosen based on style preferences, budgetary possibilities and the complexity of the flooring.

The most popular roofing material for a bath is considered to be profiled sheet due to the optimal combination of its cost, operational qualities and ease of installation.

Advice: do not choose twisted wood for rafters in order to avoid deformations roofs afterwards.

For waterproofing it makes sense to purchase membrane materials that are lightweight and at the same time high efficiency in protecting the structure and attic space from moisture. Thermal insulation is selected taking into account material weight, which is especially important when building a large bath with several rooms, including a residential attic area.

You can clearly see the construction of a gable roof for a bath in the following video:

The final process in the construction of the bath box is the overlapping of the roof. After that, you can already begin to finish the bath from the outside and from the inside, as well as purchase various equipment and accessories for relaxing in the bath. In order for the bath to serve for a long time, and its ceiling does not leak during rain, it is necessary to properly mount the roof, as well as provide it with good heat, steam and waterproofing. Next, we will consider in detail the process of building a bath roof with our own hands.

Article
Video

Before we move on to do-it-yourself roof construction technology, you need to understand the elements of the roof frame, as well as the basic terms that roofers use.

The main purpose of the frame is to withstand its own weight, the weight of the roofing material, as well as the weight of snow, rain and auxiliary equipment(for example, a module or a satellite dish). That is why the strength and stability of the frame are important indicators.

The roof frame of any building consists of a mauerlat, truss truss, battens and roofing material.

It is called a wooden beam, designed to connect the base of the building box (body) with the roof frame. It is with the creation of the Mauerlat that the installation of the bath roof frame begins. If the bath is made from a log house, the uppermost crown can serve as a Mauerlat, but if the bath is made of foam block or brick, the Mauerlat is laid on the material to be welded. The Mauerlat is fastened to the walls using long anchors. Before installing the Mauerlat on the walls of the building, it is necessary to cut special holes in it for attaching the rafter structure. The main requirement for installing a Mauerlat is its ideal horizontal position, because the quality of fastening the roof frame to the body of the building will depend on this.

The next structural element of the roof frame - roof truss. The purpose of the truss truss is to evenly distribute loads over the entire roof. There are several forms of truss truss, we will talk about them a little later. The roof truss consists of wooden beams linked to each other. The main element of the truss truss is the rafters to which it is attached auxiliary elements. As for the latter, they include crossbars, ties, spacers and lintels, the purpose of which is to strengthen the structure of the truss truss.

Frame crate the roof of the bath is designed to be able to carry out high-quality fastening roofing material to the rafters. The crate is presented in the form of wooden bars and boards fastened into a grid. The number and size of the cells of this grid is calculated based on what material the roof will be covered with. For example, to cover the roof with roofing felt, there should be no empty space at all (maximum 1 centimeter slots), and in order to cover the roof of the bath with corrugated board, you can create a crate with cells 0.5 meters wide.

roofing material the roof of the bath is chosen according to the taste of the owner of the building. The most popular materials for the roof of the bath roof are corrugated board, metal tiles, slate and roofing material. Each of the listed materials has its own installation features and requirements for the angle of the roof. For example, a roof with an angle of 5 degrees is covered with roofing material, 8 with corrugated board, about 30 with metal tiles, and 20 with slate.

Most often, the installation of a gable roof for a bath is carried out if the owner is going to make an attic room in the bath.

There are two ways to install rafters when creating a gable roof:

The design of a gable roof is more popular than a single-pitched roof, because. in this case, the angle of inclination of the roof will be sharper, which will prevent the formation of snow marks on the roofing material. A gable roof is a series of isosceles triangles, identical in size and shape, installed in the same place along the entire roof. The top of the wooden triangle of their rafters is usually called the ridge, and the transverse wooden beam under the top of the triangle is called the crossbar. The crossbar is designed to strengthen the structure of a gable roof. The smaller the installation step roof trusses, the more stable the construction of the roof of the bath will be. We draw your attention to the fact that roof trusses are assembled on the earth's surface, after which they are fed to the roof. The roof trusses are fastened to the body of the bath after they are installed. ceiling beams(can be done later). To make it easier to create identical wooden triangles, roofers use special blanks.

Installation of a gable roof is carried out as follows:

Mauerlat is attached to the wall of the bath
A truss truss is being created
Two roof trusses are installed at opposite ends of the roof. To fasten the rafters to the Mauerlat, wood grouse screws are used.
To ensure the stability of the fixed roof trusses, the structures are additionally reinforced with special struts.
A rope is pulled between the extreme rafters at the level of the ridge, which will show the exact installation location of the remaining truss trusses (so that the row runs smoothly, in one line)
The rest of the roof trusses are installed along the rope in the same way.

Installation of a shed roof for a bath is a less popular event, because. in this case, the angle of inclination of the roof will be more gentle, which entails the formation of snow marks on the roof of the bath. Very often, under the weight of snow, roofs begin to deform and collapse.

You can see the design of a pitched roof on this project:

As you can see, the rafter supports of different heights rest on the walls of the bath and hold the entire roof frame. The greater the difference in height between the supports, the steeper will be the angle of incidence of a shed roof for a bath. We draw your attention to the fact that the installation of a sloping roof will cost an order of magnitude cheaper than the installation of a steeply dipping one.

As in the case of a gable roof, the frame of a shed roof for a bath is mounted on a Mauerlat. Fastening should be carried out using metal corners, as well as copper wire. The installation step of the truss trusses should be about 0.6 meters. In order to protect external walls baths from rain, it is recommended to take out the rafters outside the bath box at a distance of 0.3 to 0.5 meters.

You can see more details on the construction technology of a single-pitched and double-pitched bath roof with your own hands in the detailed video tutorials:

Shed roof construction technology

Construction of a gable roof bath

Do-it-yourself installation of the truss system of the bath

After the bath roof frame is mounted, it is necessary to carry out hydro, steam and thermal insulation of the roof.

Measures for waterproofing, vapor barrier and insulation of the roof of the bath

Roof steam and waterproofing

Initially, you should pay your attention to the fact that the roof frame must be made of well-dried lumber. In addition, wooden beams and boards must be manually opened, which will prevent the wood from rotting and increase its service life.

For steam and waterproofing of the roof of the bath, it is recommended to use roofing material (for waterproofing), as well as a membrane film. The roofing felt is attached to the rafters in 2 layers, this will provide enough high protection roof frame from atmospheric precipitation.

As for the membrane film, it is a good thermal insulation and waterproofing material. In order for the film to function properly, it must be laid on the rafters and fixed with construction tape. Strips of membrane film must not be wider than 15 cm. Each new strip must overlap the previous one. We draw your attention to the fact that it is forbidden to stretch the film on the rafters, this can lead to damage as a result of lumber deformation (expansion, narrowing) during heating and cooling (hot summer).

Bath roof insulation

Speaking about the insulation of the roof of the bath, you need to pay attention to several important nuances of this event:

It is recommended to insulate the bath roof with mineral wool. It does not burn, is durable and holds heat well.
It is not recommended to use polystyrene foam to insulate the roof of the bath with your own hands, because. given material when heated, it releases harmful substances.

At the final stage of the construction of the bath complex, a roof is erected on the bath with their own hands. If we build a roof for a bathhouse with our own hands, then before carrying out all the work, you should study in detail the technology and nuances of installing roof structures. After completing the construction of the roof of the bath with your own hands, you can begin to finish the building both outside and inside.

In order for the ceiling of the bath to not leak and retain heat well in the room, special attention should be paid to the process of installing the roof on the building. Subject to all the requirements of the instructions for erecting the roof of the bathhouse with your own hands, it will allow you to operate the structure for a long time without resorting to repair work.

In order to build the right bath roof with your own hands, you need to comply with all building codes and rules. Such a roof must have high-quality steam, heat and waterproofing.

Before carrying out installation work, you should study the installation process in detail. This will avoid the occurrence of errors and will make it possible to reduce the cost of building a bath complex, since it will not be necessary to involve a construction specialist for the installation of the roof.

The roof of the bath complex is quite easy to mount on your own, for this purpose a person must have a certain level of knowledge in the field of construction and have skills in handling metalwork and carpentry tools.

To date, the most popular options for building a bath are the use of timber, logs and frame structures. Each of these types of buildings has features in the process of installing a roof structure.

Bath roofing

In order to properly build, you should study in detail the design options for this building element. The roof of any building, including the building of the bath complex, consists, depending on the type, of certain standard structural elements.

The composition of the structure of any roof includes the following structural elements:

rafter system;
crate;
heat, steam and vapor barrier systems;
roofing.

Depending on the design features There are the following types of roofs:

lean-to;
gable;
hip;
tent;
multi-forceps;
attic.

In addition, any of the types of roof construction may have its own characteristics, due to the preferences and desires of the building owner.

Most often used in the construction of baths. Experts recommend building this particular type of roof during the construction of baths, since it is the most convenient option. Availability free space under the erected roof allows you to equip a small attic. In this case, the attic space can be used to store bath and other equipment.

The advantage of a gable roof is the absence of precipitation accumulations that can accumulate on other types of roofs in winter period of the year. On a gable roof, snow slides off the surface under its own weight.

A shed type of roof is used very rarely in the construction of bath complexes.

Installation of a gable roof of the bath complex

Since the gable roof is the most popular, you should take a closer look at how a gable roof for a bath is built with your own hands.

To date, there are 2 installation systems for a gable roof:

Hanging rafter system. This type of rafter system is fastened with one side to the body of the building, and the second side is fixed between two opposite sections of the rafters.
Inclined rafters. This type of structure is more stable, since the elements of the structure are additionally held by a rack located in the center.

A gable roof is the most preferred option for creating a do-it-yourself roof for frame bath, since the design provides self-cleaning of the surface of the roof slopes from accumulating precipitation, which significantly reduces the pressure exerted on the building. This effect is achieved due to the fact that the gable roof has a large angle of inclination of the roofing planes.

By design, a gable roof represents several isosceles triangles of the same size and shape, which are evenly spaced along the entire building. The top of the structure is called the ridge. The transverse beam, to which the top of the rafters is fixed, is called the crossbar. The crossbar gives strength to the structure and fastens individual rafters into a single structure. The strength of the entire structure depends on the size of the step between the rafters.

The fastening of the rafters at the top of the walls of the building is carried out after the installation of the ceiling beams is completed.

Installation of load-bearing roof structures consists of the following steps:

fastening the Mauerlat to the wall of the building;
roof truss assembly;
installation of two farms at different ends of the building;
installation of the remaining roof trusses along a specially stretched cord.

After the completion of the installation work on the installation of the supporting structures of the roof, they begin to fix the lathing, the installation of layers of steam, hydro and heat insulating materials. Upon completion of these works, the installation of roofing material is carried out.

Carrying out the installation of the crate

After completion of installation work on the installation of roof rafters, the installation of the crate is carried out.

When installing this structural element, you should pay attention to a number of requirements that must be met during the work. These requirements are as follows:

The boards that make up the crate are stuffed, starting from the ridge, and gradually move to the lower part of the structure.
The crate can be solid or with gaps. The choice of type of construction depends on the roofing material used.
The ends of the stuffed boards should protrude beyond the ends of the trusses that form the basis of the pediments by approximately 18-20 cm. Such a protrusion of the roof over the pediments protects the pediment from the adverse effects of atmospheric factors and is called the pediment cornice.

Solid lathing is best used when using roofing materials roll type. A solid crate is also recommended for use when covering the roof with metal tiles and slate. The gaps in such a crate should not exceed 10 mm.

When used as a roofing material sheet iron, asbestos-cement slate or bituminous sheet the distance between the boards of the crate can be 18-25 cm.

After fixing the lathing on the supporting structure of the roof, they proceed to the installation of steam, hydro and thermal insulation.

Installation of steam and waterproofing insulation

Before erecting a roof, many owners think about questions about how to do it right and what building materials are best to use. For mounting roofing roofing material and membrane film can be used as a vapor and waterproofing material. The roofing felt is mounted on the rafters in 2 layers, this provides a high degree protection of load-bearing structures from the effects of negative atmospheric factors.

If a membrane film is used, then it can perform the functions of both a waterproofing and a heat-insulating material, since it has a low heat transfer rate.

For quality performance established material the film must be laid on the truss structure and fixed with construction tape.

The new strip must overlap the previous strip. It is forbidden to stretch the film on truss structures. The stretching of the film can contribute to the occurrence of damage during the deformation of the lumber from which the truss structures are assembled. Deformation of structures is possible when the rafter system is heated or cooled.

In the process of insulating the roof of the bath with your own hands, you should pay attention to some important nuances of the process.

These nuances are as follows:

Insulation of the roof of the building is recommended to be carried out using mineral wool. This material is durable, non-flammable and retains heat well.
When implementing roof insulation, it is not recommended to use foam. This building material is capable of releasing harmful volatile chemical compounds.
The thickness of the insulation used must be at least 100 mm.
A layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the insulation layer.

The last layer laid on roofing cake, is a finishing material. The choice of building material for finishing the attic space depends on financial condition homeowner and his preferences.

After the installation of heat, steam and waterproofing is completed, the installation of the roofing material is carried out directly.

For installation of a roof it is possible to use any roofing building material. The choice of roofing material depends entirely on the financial condition of the owner of the bath and the availability of this or that material in free sale.

Carrying out the finishing of the gables

After completing the installation work on the installation of roofing building materials, you can begin to finish the roof gables. The supporting frame of the pediments are the extreme truss trusses. To finish the plane of the gables on the roof trusses, wood bars with a size of 50x50 or 40x40 mm are stuffed. These bars form the crate of the pediment.

Closing the gable plane is carried out using finishing material. As a building material for finishing works lining can serve. Sheathing of the frontal plane should be carried out with a margin, which provides a protrusion of the finishing material beyond the plane of the pediment at a distance of 20-25 mm.

Depending on the wishes of the owner of the bath, the pediments can be sewn up with finishing building materials both in the horizontal and vertical directions. Sheathing of the pediment with clapboard is carried out using self-tapping screws or nails.

Using clapboard made from wood offers some benefits to the homeowner. The fact is that wood is environmentally friendly. pure material, and when it is used, toxic chemical compounds are not released into the surrounding space.

However, it should be remembered that before using this material, it should be treated with special chemical compounds that prevent fire and damage to the material under the influence of negative atmospheric factors.

Being natural material, the lining may suffer from an excess of moisture, therefore, in order to prevent the destruction of the building material used for finishing, it is required to process the pediment after installation paint and varnish composition, which has water repellency. The compositions used to create protective coating on the surface of the lining, are unstable, which requires regular processing of the surface of the gable. The regularity of processing should be 1 time in 2 years.

Carrying out regular processing increases the cost of operating the facility. The service life of a pediment made from a lining that has not been processed is about 5 years, in contrast to a pediment treated with an antiseptic, flame retardant and paint, the normal service life of which can be 15-20 years. In addition to lining, siding can be used for finishing work.

Important stage of construction private bath- the construction of a roof structure that can provide reliable protection from the negative impact of precipitation and perform an aesthetic function.

In order for the bath roof to last for many years, you will need right choice design configurations, calculation of the angle of inclination and the length of the overhang. Of course, you can turn to professionals to carry out the work, but self-erection of the roof will significantly save money.

Types of construction of bath roofs

The modern roof of the bath is a functional and robust design, which is of two types.

shed roof

This type of roof is the most affordable for installation and cost-effective. The design provides for the installation of rafters with emphasis on opposite walls. At the same time, it is important to correctly calculate the appropriate angle of inclination of the slope to protect the roof from possible damage and deformation.

A shed type of structure should be erected in a site with a high wind load in order to prevent stagnation of rainwater and snow cover on the surface.

gable roof

Such a roof has a number of advantages: reliability, durability, heat capacity, the possibility of arranging an attic space. In addition, precipitation does not linger on it, but its cost is much higher than that of a single-sided counterpart.

The gable version of the roof is made in one of two ways:

Inclined rafters.
Hanging rafters.

The angle between the installed rafters determines the slope of the slopes: the smaller it is, the steeper the slopes.

Most often, gable roofs are:

Attic. Roof structures that provide for the presence of free space between two slopes and load-bearing beams for arranging a utility room. A prerequisite is the presence ceiling separating the lower floors from the roof.
Atticless. Structures in which the space under the roof is not separated from the main functional premises baths ceiling. The difference lies in the height of the ridge, which is much smaller than that of attic structures.

How is the roof structure

In order to competently build a roof on a bathhouse with your own hands, it is necessary to study in detail its device, which provides for the following functional elements:

Rafters and runs.
crate.
Steam and waterproofing.
Roof covering.

truss structure

It is intended for the correct distribution of loads over the entire surface of the roof. The rafters on the bath are mounted using crossbars, ties and spacers to ensure the strength of the finished structure.

The rafter system can be assembled on a finished building or on the ground with subsequent installation on a bathhouse. Rafter supports must be securely fixed with bearing walls and supports to prevent deformation or failure of the roof when exposed to strong air masses.

Wooden crate

The crate can be assembled with a solid shield or a cellular base of wooden beams. Choice suitable option lathing depends on the type of material for the roof. Under the rolled roofing felt, a continuous crate is required, for corrugated board - cellular.

Vapor barrier and waterproof protection

A mandatory stage in the arrangement of the roof in the bath is to ensure protection against the penetration of moisture and steam. To create a waterproofing layer, tiles or slate sheets are used, for a vapor barrier layer - roofing material or parchment paper.

Roof covering

As a roofing, practical and safe materials: rolled roofing felt, metal tile, ondulin, asbestos cement or bitumen slate, roofing steel.

Pitched roof construction standards

The roof for a bath is a building envelope, which is designed to protect the building from negative atmospheric effects, as well as to maintain comfortable conditions in the premises. So modern roofs must meet a number of requirements:

High weather resistance.
Waterproof.
Thermal efficiency.
Wear resistance and increased strength.
Fire safety.
Biological resistance.
Environmental friendliness.
Durability.

During construction pitched roofs it is important to comply with certain standards and norms. If the bath building is adjacent to residential building, then it is rational to install a shed roof - more affordable and cheap option. In this case, the height of the roof can be arbitrary, but taking into account the height of the residential building.

For full-fledged bath complexes or private baths equipped with attic space, the best option are gable roofs. At right approach to heat and waterproofing, such a structure can be used for living. When organizing a gable structure, it is important to choose the right location for the ridge and calculate its height.

The choice of roofing material

The modern construction market offers a wide range of reliable and durable roofing materials. The following materials are suitable for covering a bath roof.

Decking

Non-ferrous metals (zinc, aluminum, titanium alloy) or galvanized steel are used for the production of corrugated board. The main difference between the material is the thickness metal base. Decking is different high strength, wear resistance, light weight and affordable cost.

metal tile

Suitable for organization gable roof subject to an angle of inclination of 35 degrees. The metal tile is resistant to corrosion, provides good sound absorption, has a long service life (over 45 years) and an attractive appearance.

Soft tiles

Roofing material based on ceramic and bitumen is suitable for creating one- and two-slope structures, easy to use, practical and durable. Roofs from soft tiles look aesthetically pleasing and attractive.

Ruberoid

Affordable material for roofing, it is cheap, easy to install and has a short service life (no more than 15 years). Roofing felt is laid subject to an inclination angle of 5 degrees. This is the most a budget option roofing material.

Slate and euroslate

Ordinary sheet slate is an affordable and cheap material used for roofing. It has a long service life (up to 40 years), does not require special care. Sheet stacking is quick and easy. The disadvantages of the material include high moisture absorption and brittleness.

Euroslate is a more expensive and practical roofing material that is attractive appearance, good operational characteristics and high cost.

Ondulin

A popular material with high ductility, strength, wear resistance and durability. It is ideal for covering curved roofs. In addition, ondulin is easy to install and affordable.

Roof construction technology with one slope

The most popular is a bath with a pitched roof. A roof structure with one slope can be easily built with your own hands from available materials. One of the load-bearing walls should be several rows higher than the others to create the desired slope of the slope - from 20 to 45 degrees.

For construction works tools and materials required:

Beam with a section of 6 × 8 cm.
Support beams for flooring.
Boards 25×3 cm.
membrane for waterproofing.
Thermal insulation material.
Roof covering.
Fasteners (screws, nails).
A hammer.
Primer with antiseptic properties.
Level.
Hacksaw.

According to the working instructions, a shed roof for a bath is built in stages:

Stage 1. Installation of the bearing beam (Mauerlat)

The load-bearing beam is laid along the perimeter of the outer walls and is intended for mounting the rafter system. In log cabins, the upper row is the Mauerlat; in brick and block buildings, it is equipped additionally. Beams are fixed with wire, anchor bolts or pins.

Studs are inserted into the upper wall rows to a depth of 40 cm in increments of 65 cm between each other so that the upper part of the thread rises 3.5 cm above the supporting beams.

The rolled roofing material is laid on top with pricking on the studs in the places of their installation. Next, the beam is laid on the tip and hammered to make small serifs. Holes are made along the serifs, after which the beam is installed on the studs, over which the nuts are screwed.

Stage 2. Installation of beams for the ceiling

AT load-bearing beams grooves are made for overlapping in increments of 65 cm. After mounting the ceiling beams at the ends, they should be indented 32 cm outside the bearing walls. Ceiling ceilings perform the function of rafters, therefore they are fixed to the Mauerlat with nails or wire. After installation is completed, all elements are treated with an antiseptic primer.

Stage 3. Hydro and thermal insulation

The lower part of the floor structure is hemmed with boards. Over the installed rafters, an overlapping film is laid, the joints are glued with adhesive tape. Next, heat-insulating material is mounted - rolled or slab. The gaps are filled with mounting foam, an overlapping membrane is installed on top with fixing the joints with construction tape.

Stage 4. Installation of the roof

The beams are stuffed onto the rafters through a film for waterproofing, after which finished frame sheathed with boards. The width between the bars can be from 1.5 to 14 cm, depending on the type of roofing material. A finishing coating is mounted on the finished crate - slate, metal tile, ondulin or corrugated board. Sheet roofing is fixed with self-tapping screws with gaskets to prevent moisture from penetrating through the inlets.

Roof construction technology with two slopes

For an overall bath, it is better to equip a gable roof with an attic room for storing bath accessories and inventory. The assembly of the rafter system is carried out in stages.

To assemble the roof structure, you will need:

Beams with a section of 10 × 8 cm.
Bar with a section of 5 × 5 and 5 × 10 cm.
Board.
Level and plumb.
Iron nails and screws.
A hammer.
Electric drill.
Primer composition.

A step-by-step guide to building a gable roof includes the following steps:

Stage 1. Installation of ceiling beams

In the load-bearing beams of the structure, grooves are made for the installation of beams for the ceiling. The step between the grooves is 100 cm, the depth is up to 8 cm. The beams are pre-treated with an antiseptic composition, dried and mounted with an edge into the grooves. Additional fixation on nails.

Stage 2. Assembly of the truss structure

A gable roof consists of triangular truss structures - trusses, each of which is made of the same bars - legs, bases and lintels. The elements are fixed to each other using screws.

For the legs, boards of 5 × 10 cm are used, the length of which is 2.8 m. At the edges of the board, they are cut at an angle of 45 degrees, holes for screws are made, after which the elements are securely connected to each other. From the junction of the truss structure, an indent of 50 cm is made for the groove for the jumper. Slices are cut at the ends of the jumper rectangular shape, thanks to which it is mounted in the rafters. Screws are screwed in at the junction of the jumper and rafters. Other farms are assembled in a similar way.

Two roof trusses, located on top of the side walls, are sheathed. For this, 5 × 5 bars are used, installed in a horizontal position with a step of 35 cm. To reinforce the structure, additional bars are installed in a diagonal direction.

Stage 3. Installation of rafters

Finished structures must be placed on the ceiling beams. Fixation on spacers in compliance with the geometry of the structure. Farms along the edges are mounted first. For extra reinforcement established design jibs are used - beams exposed between the supporting beam of the wall and the rafters at the level of the lintels.

Next, the installation of the remaining rafters is carried out in compliance with the vertical level. The technological distance between the individual rafters should be 100 cm. All elements of the rafter system are connected by a canopy of two boards nailed to the upper beams on both sides of the roof.

Stage 4. Installing the crate

For the lathing, a board is used with a length sufficient to cover the roof and protrude beyond the rafter system by 25 cm. Technological gaps between individual boards can range from 2 to 48 cm, depending on the type of roofing material.

A hole is made at the outlet of the chimney right size with installation solid battens along the perimeter.

Stage 5. Installation of the finish coat

A counter-lattice of 5 × 5 cm bars with pre-treatment antiseptic compound. The selected finishing coating is mounted on the counter-lattice from the edge of the eaves. A hole is made under the chimney, and after installing the pipe, the joints are carefully sealed with bituminous impregnation or adhesive mixture are closed with a protective apron.

Stage 6. Roof insulation

At the final stage, the roof structure is insulated. The insulation is laid from the inside between the beams with minimal gaps. The joints between the insulation are filled with mounting foam. Gables are insulated separately. With inside they are upholstered with waterproofing material, then the crate is fixed, after which the insulation and vapor barrier are mounted.

For the inner lining of the insulated roof surface, you can use clapboard, board or plywood.

Only compliance building technology and application quality materials will allow you to build a reliable and durable roof for a bath that can withstand wind loads and various environmental conditions.

Depending on the size of the log bath, the roof can be single-pitched or double-pitched. At the same time, before construction, it is necessary to decide whether the under-roof space will be residential or not. To understand how to install the rafters on the bath, it is worth considering the features different types roofs.

Types of roofs for a bath

If the creation of a bath takes place without the help of professional builders, the owner of the site is faced with the question of choosing the type of roof. Such structures are divided into single-slope and dual-slope.

The first type is chosen if the amount of money for the construction of a bath is limited. Often the attic of the bath is used for storage various items. The advantages of this type of roofing include high speed erection and low cost of the whole structure. disadvantage shed roofs are low thermal insulation characteristics. During the construction of the structure, it is necessary to choose the right angle of inclination in order to rainwater quickly left the surface.

Creating a gable roof makes it possible to create a building with an attic that can be large enough to dry brooms and store many items. Also, the under-roof space can be turned into a rest room. Roof insulation allows you to create comfortable conditions to use the building at any time of the year.

It is worth remembering that the construction of the roof should begin immediately after the construction of the log house is completed. To properly create a roof, you need to familiarize yourself with the main stages of its creation and know what elements the structure consists of. Before starting work, it is important to create a diagram that will display all the elements of the system.

Supports for rafters

As the main building material, from which you can build a bath, can be:

bricks;
aerated concrete blocks;
logs.

The most commonly used logs. If you wish, you can create a chopped log house with your own hands from raw logs, but the best option is to purchase a finished log house, the elements of which are numbered.

Important! If the logs have not been processed, this should be done before the structure is made.

After choosing the type of roof, you need to think about the support for the rafters. The truss system is fixed either on the Mauerlat or on the floor beams, which rest on the upper part of the walls. If the structure is created from a bar, the fastening takes place on the upper crown of the structure.

Mauerlat is a bar necessary for even distribution of the load. During the installation of the Mauerlat, care must be taken to create a reliable waterproofing from bituminous material. If the building is small and the roof will not create a large load, you can not create reinforced concrete belt with studs for fastening the Mauerlat.

Before building a roof wooden bath it is necessary to check all elements of the upper crown with a building level and, if necessary, correct defects. Bath floor beams can be laid in several ways:

fixing the ends of the beams on the upper crown;
laying on top of the walls with access beyond them;
puffs of roof rafters act as beams.

The rafter system of the bath roof consists of many elements, such as crossbars, racks, puffs, struts and lintels. Thanks to additional elements You can strengthen the structure and increase its rigidity. It is worth remembering that the rafters and the rest wooden elements roofs are made directly at the construction site.

Creation of a shed roof

When creating a shed roof of a bath, it is necessary to create such an angle of inclination at which snow accumulation will not occur on the structure. It must be at least 20 degrees. The optimal angle is 35 degrees. It is worth remembering that when creating a bath in snowy areas, it is necessary to make a roof at an angle of 45 degrees.

The height difference between the roof supports is created in two ways:

creating walls of different heights;
assembly of the support structure.

The first option is used if the building is being built from piece materials. The second involves the creation of a pediment, sewn up with boards. It is worth remembering that if the length of the rafters exceeds 4.5 m, it is necessary to install props to strengthen the structure. To make the roof more reliable, it is necessary to install rafters in increments of 60 cm.

During the installation of the roof rafters lean-to structure are fixed with the upper and lower ends on the support bar. To make the contact more reliable, it is worth making cutouts in the timber.

Design of the truss system

The design of the roof depends on the area of the building and the weight of the material that will be used to protect the roof from precipitation. It is also important to take into account wind and snow loads on the structure. Most often, gable roof rafters are made of edged board section 40x150 mm.

When calculating the dimensions of all roof elements, the following parameters must be taken into account:

Skate height. Snow will not linger on a roof with a large slope, but it will take large quantity material.
The optimal length of the rafters. The overlap on the visor must be at least 30 cm. This is necessary to remove moisture from the walls.
Type of fastening of beams in the ridge. Between themselves, such elements of the roof can be connected by a metal plate or wooden block. Also often used is the notch connection method, in which the connection is made using bolts.

By correctly calculating the parameters of the future roof, you can create a reliable structure that will be used for several decades without the appearance of deformations.

Installation of a gable structure

The rafter system of the described type of roof involves the use of hanging or layered rafters. The second option is chosen by the owners of suburban areas only if the building has big sizes and built with internal load-bearing walls. A roof with layered rafters can be created with your own hands without involving professional builders.

The rafters of the layered system are fixed with their upper ends on the ridge run. In order for this element to be located horizontally, it is necessary to install racks and check all parts of the structure using the building level.

First, the racks are installed on the walls. After that, the location of the remaining elements of the truss system is determined by the stretched cord. The rafters are fixed on the ridge run with nails.

Important! So that the rafter legs do not move due to the impact external factors, it is necessary to put a hemmed beam. To prevent lateral displacement, metal corners are used.

To make a roof frame, you need to create several roof trusses and assemble them on the walls. The size of the roof depends on parameters such as the angle of inclination and the length of the span. To create a hanging rafter system, you need to connect the rafters in pairs in the ridge. Often such a connection is made using metal plates or by cutting.

It is possible to reduce spacer loads with the help of puffs and horizontal jumpers. It is worth noting that during the shrinkage of the house, the roof can be deformed. To avoid such problems, it is worth using special metal mounts. Thanks to such moving elements, the rafter legs receive a certain degree of freedom and during the distortion the structure retains its shape.

In the upper part of the roof rafters are connected with a hinged metal plate. Also often the connection is made with bolts. It is worth noting that high humidity and frequent temperature changes in the bath lead to an increase in the intensity of contraction and expansion of the building. It is important to remember that the design made should be covered protective compounds, since with constant exposure to steam, the tree will quickly collapse.

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