Top view kitchen layout. Kitchen: options and rules for choosing a layout for small and large rooms. Zoning: working corner area and dining group

The kitchen in Russia is not just an auxiliary room equipped with household appliances, not only a food area. This is the hearth in the house, where coziness and comfort reign, a place of communication, conducive to frankness.

A neat and small-sized headset includes everything you need, does not attract unnecessary attention and, at the same time, looks very decent.

With the installation of water supply, sewerage, heating, electricity networks, installation of sockets for kitchen set no need to rush. To determine their location, the installation drawing should be taken as a basis, which will accurately indicate the connection points for the equipment.

When choosing a kitchen set, you should be guided by the shape of the kitchen itself, the number of dishes and the number of family members.

Without such a project, it is impossible to correctly place even the sockets that provide electrical power to many appliances from the refrigerator to the countertop lighting.

Designers are advised to move away from the previous bulky kitchen sets and give preference to shelves and racks, at least using them upstairs, hanging on the walls.

Most of them are connected permanently, some are located in groups, some are located below the countertop, some are connected discreetly behind the cabinets. Precise binding is needed for the supply point gas pipe, TV cable, Internet.

The bottom can also be filled comfortable wardrobes for storage.

Special attention is required: dishwasher and washing machine, kitchen sink, which are connected to the water supply, sewerage, electricity under the work surface.

Kitchen sets can be somewhat airy.

New equipment often appears in the kitchen, for which it is necessary to foresee additional opportunities in advance.

Upper cabinets can be presented in the form of small square or rectangular cabinets hung in a checkerboard pattern.

Measurements and plan of the kitchen area

To complete the project for installing a kitchen set, a sub-base is being prepared - a dimensional drawing of the room. It must contain:

• floor plan indicating the dimensions of the perimeter, binding window and doorways with open doors, pipes and heating devices, if they are already installed (secretly laid communications are indicated when they are installed);
• wall plans with height and width, various openings, heating systems (paved communications are applied with accurate binding of exits from the wall, electrical boxes, ventilation holes, gas inlet (if any).

Lower cabinets can also be lightened by dividing across the usual standard cabinet with doors. In the free zone, you can arrange furniture or place kitchen appliances.

On this basis, the installation project is carried out taking into account the rule of the golden triangle (stove - sink - refrigerator), which allows you to correctly place appliances, create convenience in work, and use the space expediently.

Thus, you can visually expand the space of the kitchen.

Minimum movement between the main kitchen objects is achieved if the center working area have a sink, on the sides at arm's length - a stove, a refrigerator. Given the size of the room, they can form a triangle or line up. By placing cabinets between them, the worktops of which are work surfaces, you can get a comfortable kitchen.

To expand the space already small kitchen you can simply use light facades in the manufacture of a kitchen set.

Determining the height of the tabletop

The countertop is the main part of the kitchen set, it is used for cutting products, cooking. Recommended 50 years ago standard height kitchen worktop equal to 85 cm, designed for a woman of average height 163-170 cm.

White fronts and dark countertops classical style- it is fashionable and attractive.

Growth modern women increased, the latest studies of physiology and ergonomics have shown that a comfortable tabletop height and optimal placement modules allow to reduce the load on a person by 30%. Doing the same work in different positions, you can use half the muscles.

Not a single kitchen set is installed with the usual "apron" - a panel between the upper and lower cabinets.

With a high position working surface the number of loaded muscles remains unchanged, but the efforts increase - fatigue quickly sets in.

Today, such plates are made from the most various materials- plastic, MDF, photo printing under glass and others.

The optimal height of the countertop in the kitchen:

• for a person up to 150 cm tall is 75-80 cm;
• 160-180 correspond to 85-90;
• at 180-200, a comfortable height of 1 m.

Photo printing under glass is a modern "panel" containing a bright image.

As a rule, such things require impressive financial costs.

Multi-level countertop - a step towards health

It is difficult to immediately abandon stereotypes - they are used to typical kitchen worktops single level. An atypical (non-standard) version of a kitchen set, where processes are performed on tables, is gaining more and more popularity. different heights.

If you have painting skills, make such an "apron" yourself.

Changing the height of the working tables is aimed at reducing, distributing the forces on the spine during the cooking process. It is difficult to find such furniture - it is made to order. It is original, comfortable, well complements the interior.

Of course, today you can purchase or order a kitchen set with built-in lighting in the form of lamps, which are mounted on upper cabinets.

Countertops for washing and cutting can be installed 5 cm above the recommended level. Then the work will require less effort - when washing dishes, cutting food, you can not tilt your head. The elevated tabletop allows you to lean on it with your elbows, thereby unloading the spine.

For modern people kitchen sets should carry not only a functional load, but also provide aesthetic pleasure from cooking on them.

The main work surface - for such serious work, like cutting meat, vegetables, preparing dough, in which significant physical effort occurs, set 5 cm below the standard value. At the same level, set hob- the hostess should be able to look into the pans without bending.

And in what environment this process will take place affects not only our mood, but also the quality of the cooked food.

Requirements of different heights should be adjusted to the person - the most frequent user kitchen equipment. Such countertops have an important plus - if family members have different heights, comfort is provided to everyone who wants to cook.

Headset options

There are no single standard sizes kitchen set, but there are typical apartments - "Khrushchev", "Stalinka", "Brezhnevka". Their dimensions force furniture manufacturers to resort to certain patterns.

The headsets sold are usually made to the dimensions of such a “typical” housing, but an increasing part kitchen furniture today it is made for a specific space, individual requirements.

The headset set is conditionally divided into upper and bottom cabinets- modules with uniform dimensions. This is convenient for manufacturers when setting up production lines. Embedded Appliances, with which the lower sections begin, also have typical dimensions. Hence - the depth of the cabinets, equal to 57 cm along the side surface, the height of the door is 72 cm, the width of the countertop is 60-65 cm (with a margin for heating pipes).

Its main task is to be as convenient as possible for the hostess during cooking.

Under the same 72 cm, the doors of the upper row of cabinets are made. The total height of kitchen furniture consists of these dimensions, taking into account the distance from the floor (10-15 cm), the thickness of the working surface (4-5 cm), the height to the upper sections above it.

Based on the examples, you can roughly estimate which option you like.

The typical width of cabinets with one door is 30-50 cm, with two 60-100. The height of the module from the floor to the tabletop is 75-100 cm.

A properly selected kitchen set is not only a color scheme that matches the room and the taste of the owner, but also its shape, which is most suitable for the layout of the kitchen.

The main thing is to maintain harmony, cabinets must complement, and not suppress each other. The upper sections of the set should be smaller than those located below, with a depth of no more than 30 cm. This makes it more convenient to use the countertop, avoiding head bumps during cooking.

And which model kitchen set will be the most practical for you.

The height of the kitchen set should be such that the hostess can reach the shelves without problems. The distance between the lower and upper sections is selected according to the height of the hostess, usually about 60 cm. Significant part furniture set - drawers, which are practical, have several departments, they are planned taking into account the height from the floor to the countertop. It is desirable that the level of the lower modules is regulated with the help of legs.

Before deciding on the filling of headsets, consider some of the features of the material from which they are made.

Finally

A set of kitchen furniture should be the pride of the hostess, and the kitchen should be the center of attraction for the whole family. Convenience, layout, lighting - everything should bring a good mood.

The best option in every respect - a natural stone for countertops.

VIDEO: Types of kitchen layout. Which one to choose

It has long been customary that the kitchen is the hearth, the soul of the house, so it is so important to plan it correctly. Its interior should be balanced and harmonious. This is where the family comes together to eat and socialize. Here the hostess spends a lot of time preparing food. That's why kitchen room should be comfortable and competently, ergonomically designed.

Interior design must begin with a definition - for what, in fact, this room will serve. Will it be a place for frequent gatherings with friends over a glass of wine, or will it become a laboratory for the production of culinary masterpieces? How many people will be at the same time big table How often do you need to cook something? Depending on the answers to these questions, you should start planning the interior of the kitchen and choosing household appliances.

It is estimated that the hostess of the house spends 60% of the time spent in the kitchen working at the sink. The next point is the stove, then the refrigerator. And the distances that a woman walks in the process of cooking are calculated not in meters, but in kilometers.

At the beginning of the last century, the rule of the "golden triangle" was derived - this is the formula ideal location the most important kitchen outlets. You should not reinvent the wheel, because you can simply apply this rule to your square meters. The optimal distance is from 1.2 to 2.7 m between the tops of the "golden triangle".

Building the interior according to these parameters will help minimize physical activity and optimize the cooking process.

The richness of the choice of kitchen furniture and various fixtures and accessories can confuse even the most practical housewife. I want to buy everything at once. But you should not rush: carefully consider the functional load of each item, consider it from the point of view of convenience and aesthetics.

Order in the kitchen is the basis of comfort. Keep household items in perfect order not so difficult. It is enough to determine for each item its specific place and strictly follow the rule: put it there immediately after use. Options for compact storage enough utensils and accessories were invented: cabinets, shelves, open shelving, various organizers.

Recently, it has become very fashionable to design a kitchen "island" - combining a desktop, sink, and stove in the middle of the room. Of course, it is very effective. But the island becomes convenient only if at least 1 m remains around its perimeter. free space for a pass. Therefore, before installing such a "peak of fashion" in your home, you should very accurately calculate all the overall parameters of the future "island".

From a safety point of view, overhead general lighting for the kitchen is not enough. There must be a directional illumination of the desktop, sink and stove. It is necessary that in this case the beam would fall from the front or from the side.

The layout of the kitchen is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. A lot depends on the proper placement of furniture and appliances in the kitchen. For example, you might try to fit a bunch of different kitchen items into a small kitchen in the wrong order.

Thus walking then and bumping into corners kitchen utensils. Or, on the contrary, try to make a competent arrangement of furniture in spacious kitchen. And then run around it like on a football field in search of the right plate.

Where to place everything

When arranging furniture and appliances in the kitchen, it is important to take into account the triangle rule, thanks to which the workflow becomes convenient and comfortable, and most importantly, safe. Such a triangle consists of a stove, a refrigerator and a sink. They are the main components during cooking, since it is between them that movement occurs.

The location should be in the following order: first the refrigerator, the sink is installed in the middle, and then comes the stove. This is due to the natural sequence, that is, the products first lie in the refrigerator, they are taken out, washed and then heat treated.

The main task is to place these items at a distance of at least 60 cm from each other. It is also necessary to take into account the location of communication systems for installing any element. Now more about each of them.

Where to place the sink

There are several options for placing a sink in the kitchen. The most common of them, which is suitable for any headset layout, is installation on a straight line. And this is the only way for . The sink is installed in the center between the refrigerator and the stove. It can be rectangular, square, round.

The second option is suitable for corner layout or U-shaped. The location is in the corner. Such sinks are considered corner sinks, but can also be round, rectangular or square.

The effective and brightest place for installing the sink is near the window. In this case, you can combine business with pleasure by watching beautiful view out of the window while washing dishes or groceries.

Attention! This installation site is generally the most costly, since you need to pull the communications system far enough. Therefore, the cost of installation increases significantly. In addition, you will have to wipe the window much more often due to drops on the glass.

Finally on big kitchen it is very convenient to install an addition in the form of an island, where the sink will be placed. It can become a continuation of the work surface, and very often drawers are placed under the table. In this case, it is necessary to think over the broach of communications in advance, since they will pass under the floor.

Where to install the stove

As already mentioned, the stove is included in the working triangle, so its location depends on the sink and refrigerator. In fact, its placement is possible in the same way as sinks, however, certain restrictions must be met.

First of all, it should be at least 60-90 cm from the sink and refrigerator. According to the operating rules, it should not be installed closer than 50 cm from balcony door or an opening sash window.

A gust of wind can extinguish the flame, which is very dangerous if not noticed in time. Therefore, under the window that opens, the stove should not be installed.

Also, safety standards state that the slab should stand at a distance of at least 6-7 cm from the walls. In this regard, it is not recommended to install it close to the corner. It is best to put a cabinet near the wall or extend the work surface by at least 15 cm, and then put the stove.

Moreover, during cooking, splashes of fat are easier to wash off the countertop, and not from vertical wall. Therefore, the most the best option is the location on the direct line of the headset.

Where to put the refrigerator

The refrigerator takes up the most space due to its large dimensions, so it is important for it to choose right place. First of all, you need to look at the side to which it opens.

It is desirable that it be to the nearest wall. In addition, the door must open completely, otherwise the cabinets simply cannot be opened.

The most preferred place for installing the refrigerator is the corner. It will take up little space, will not block the road. Often it is installed near the door, where there is a straight wall and an angle is also formed.

This option may be even more convenient than the first, depending on the layout of the kitchen. Built-in appliances are becoming increasingly popular, so this arrangement of the refrigerator is also relevant. In addition, it will save space, and in general it will advantageously fit into the overall interior.

Placement of washing machine and dishwasher

A washing machine and dishwasher are also often installed in the kitchen. According to the location rules, it is not recommended to put them next to the stove, because, despite the presence of a protective thermal insulation layer, heating can still adversely affect the operation of the device.

The minimum distance between them should be 15 cm, but ideally 40 cm. An end cabinet for installation is also undesirable. Fastening will be unreliable at the expense of fasteners only on this side. Appliances can be either built-in or located under a tabletop that does not have palaces.

Advice! The problem of convenience is solved by the location near the dishwasher or washing machine. It's not just about having on hand detergents, but also helps to easily connect to the communication system.

Small kitchen layout

In a small kitchen, the issue of planning furniture and appliances is particularly acute. It is not always possible to carry out everything planned and install everything necessary elements. Of course, a sink or stove is unlikely to be transferred to another room.

But the refrigerator may well not be installed in the kitchen, but put, for example, in the corridor or hallway. washing machine can be perfectly placed in the bathroom and free up space in a small room.

If the refrigerator is planned to be installed in the kitchen, it is recommended to choose high and narrow models. They have a large volume, but at the same time, they take up little space in width.

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Ergonomics - what's in pursuit fashion trends and cool furniture we often forget to consider when designing a kitchen. website armed with a tape measure and figured out how to plan the perfect kitchen, in which everything you need fits, it’s not crowded for anyone and it’s convenient to cook goodies for the whole family.

1. Doors and doors kitchen appliances and lockers should be easy to open and not have serious obstacles in the way of opening. The ideal option for front door will be if it does not open into the kitchen. If it’s the other way around for you, put limiters so that you don’t spoil the refrigerator or furniture at the entrance with a handle.

2. Competent zoning

• storage (refrigerator for perishable products, cabinet for cereals, canned food and household goods)
• food preparation (a well-lit and spacious countertop, where kitchen items, spices, etc. are located) and food preparation ( hob, microwave, oven and extractor hood, you can hang a towel and potholders on the stove handle)
• kitchen utensils (pots, pans, etc.)
• washing dishes and sorting garbage (sink and dishwasher, in the cupboard under the sink, as a rule, there is a trash can, cleaners and detergents)
• serving and dinner Zone(comfortable place for eating)

3. Refrigerator + stove + sink = "working triangle" where we spend most of our time in the kitchen.

Linear (single-row) kitchen

island cuisine

Parallel (two-row) kitchen

Corner (L-shaped) kitchen

U-shaped kitchen

4. Heights of the "triangle" for the greatest functionality, the sites should be located at a distance of at least 1.2 m and not more than 2.7 m from each other.

5. Walk-through kitchen, or kitchen as part of the dining room. In this case, it is necessary to move the zone of the working triangle around the trajectory of the movement of people.

Proven Headset Location

1 . 75 cm between lamp and island

2. 25-30 cm between chair and tabletop

3. 90–110 cm - height of the island

4. 120 cm - space for two chefs

5. 85 cm - floor cabinet height

6. 60 cm - table top depth

7. 30 cm - depth of wall cabinets

6. Aisles in the kitchen- not the same as workspace for the cook. Minimum Width aisle is 90 cm, while the working space for one person is up to 110 cm. The dining area (if any) is decorated differently inside, but the size of the aisle between a person dining table and the wall should be at least 80 cm.

7. Workplace should be left as spacious as possible without forcing various equipment and without intersecting with non-mobile cabinets and other items. A minimum space of 38–40 cm should be left free on the worktop next to the refrigerator in order to be able to conveniently take food out of the refrigerator and put it back.

about beautiful and comfortable kitchen many women dream, because in this room, willy-nilly, you have to spend a large number of time. Some housewives simply love to cook, others do it out of sheer necessity, but, you see, the cooking process can be made more enjoyable if you purchase a beautiful and well-thought-out kitchen. Fortunately, now the choice on the furniture market is quite large: ready-made kitchen sets, modular kitchens (http://mebel-ya.ru/modul_kuhni/) and custom-made kitchens. Prices for kitchens vary greatly, but each, even the most demanding housewife, today can find what she likes best. She will only have to plan the kitchen of her dreams wisely, correctly arranging the wall cabinets, household appliances, hood, sink and work surface.

How to properly measure the kitchen?

Many kitchen stores provide a home measurer service, but you can do it yourself if you know how to do it.

First, when taking measurements, in no case should you rush. It is best to take a sheet of graph paper and put all the data on it.

First you need to measure the length of all walls with a tape measure, then the height of the ceiling, as well as the exact distance from the door to the corners. Do not forget to double-check all the data received, and only then apply to graph paper.

When planning a kitchen, you should also take into account such values ​​as the height and width of doors and windows. Very often people come to the store for the kitchen, having only the basic measurements of the room: length, width and height. Do not repeat their mistakes, also measure the distance between them, as well as the distance from the windows to the floor, to the ceiling, and then to the corners of the room.

Your plan should also mark such points as the location of all kinds of pipes, exhaust vents, batteries, sockets and switches, otherwise the kitchen you bought may simply not fit into your room.

Planning your kitchen wisely

Your kitchen should be planned as conveniently as possible, for this, divide the future kitchen into several working areas: a food preparation area, a food storage area, and a food and dish washing area. Such a conditional division allows you to structure the plan of the future kitchen.

The space between these three zones is called the working triangle, and if all the zones are placed correctly, you will be able to easily move from one coal zone to another. Ready modular kitchens such moments have already been taken into account and the working areas are located as conveniently as possible. Now let's move on to others. important points things to consider when planning a good kitchen.

Between the sink and the hob, it is desirable to place a countertop, about 80 cm wide. It is perfect for pre-treatment products. In general, there should be a place next to the hob where you can move hot pans and pots. Its width must be at least 50 centimeters.

Near the hob, you should organize the storage of dishes and kitchen utensils. This will save you a lot of time and everything you need will always be at your fingertips. If you purchase the hob and oven separately, and not as part of the stove, then it is better to place them in different places. Firstly, in such a kitchen it is more convenient to cook together, and secondly, the oven can be placed at eye level, and then you do not have to bend down.

If your stove is solid, and the kitchen is straight, you should not put it against the wall. By doing this, you will deprive yourself of a work surface next to the cooking zone. In addition, installing the slab against the wall will contribute to the deterioration of the wall, and the appearance of greasy spots. Like the cooktop, the sink should not be placed in the corner of the kitchen for the same reasons - it will deprive you of a comfortable work surface next to the dishwashing area. Can be placed next to the sink dishwasher, it will also save you a lot of time, and when loading dishes, the floor will remain clean. At the time of buying corner kitchen Never place an oven or dishwasher in a corner of the oven. This arrangement can block drawers that are perpendicular to this household appliance.

Place the hood on the hob, its placement height should be selected depending on the type of worktop. hob. I already wrote about this in the article, "?".

Now about the lockers and the convenience of opening them. If your kitchen is parallel, consider the fact that there should be at least 120 centimeters between two rows of cabinets. Only in this case you will be able to open the doors at the same time from both sides.