Do-it-yourself water supply organization for a country house. Water supply device for a country house from a well: general tips and technological nuances. Using a well for organizing water supply

It is quite difficult for an unprepared person to independently understand all the intricacies and nuances of water supply, but it will be useful to know the basics, at least for competent control of the work of installers. In order to correctly select the most suitable for your home best option water supply, it is necessary to understand its main types.

Water supply of a private house can be arranged different ways. Although it is quite difficult for an unprepared person to independently understand all the intricacies and nuances of the operation of a water supply system, it will be useful to know the basics, at least for competent control of the work of installers. In order to competently choose the most optimal water supply option for your home, you need to understand its main types.

Water supply equipment is located in a separate room

Types and methods of water supply of a private house

Water supply in a private house is divided into two main types:

Autonomous. Water is supplied from our own well.

centralized. Water is supplied from a water main, which in turn is fed from a water tower or pumping station.

Each of these options has its pros and cons, as well as the features of conducting installation work, which ultimately affects the final cost of organizing the water supply of a private house.

Centralized water supply: advantages and disadvantages

The main criteria for choosing a water supply system for a private house are usually:

The presence of a water main in a particular area is banal, but this issue is sometimes paid last attention;

The quality of the water supplied (in some holiday villages there is only technical water);

Reliability and uninterrupted operation;

Dependence external factors(some lines are turned off for the winter);

Cost (sometimes it is cheaper to make an autonomous water supply than to crash into a highway).

Video description

Highlights on the required documents and permits, as well as how it is carried out preliminary preparation- on video

The advantages of a centralized water supply system include the following factors:

Automatic maintenance of the required pressure in the system;

Water initially undergoes purification - demineralization, removal of various impurities and mechanical particles, disinfection;

Low cost of connection and all installation works.

The disadvantages of this option include:

Dependence on external factors;

The need to obtain permits;

Monthly fee;

The pressure in the system can vary greatly;

The quality of water often leaves much to be desired due to the high concentration of chlorine and other chemical elements.

Autonomous water supply: pros and cons

Organization autonomous water supply a private house requires large financial and labor costs at the construction stage. This is due to the need to dig a well, or drill a well, draw up a plan correctly, and then pick up and purchase everything necessary equipment. Next, everything needs to be mounted and connected.

In spite of high costs for the organization of autonomous water supply of a private house, this method has several advantages:

Independence from external conditions;

Possibility to carry out water supply in places where there is no water main;

There is no need to pay monthly water supply services;

Water quality is usually much higher, plus the ability to independently install the necessary filters, depending on specific conditions.

Autonomous water supply is more difficult compared to the main

As a result. Based on the foregoing, it is impossible to unambiguously answer which water supply system for a private house is better. The first option (centralized) is a lower initial cost and a relatively simple installation procedure. But the second way is independence and the absence of monthly payments, best quality water and the reliability of the entire system, provided that the water supply scheme of a private house is drawn up correctly, the selection of equipment and its installation are carried out in accordance with all technological standards and standards.

Features of water supply from a well

Most often, when implementing an autonomous water supply for a private house, they use the option of supplying water from a well. This is due to the following factors:

The quality of water from a well is usually much better than from a well.

The volume of water is stable throughout the year, seasonal fluctuations are insignificant.

Durability (except for shallow wells "on the sand") and no need for periodic repair work.

The disadvantages of a well are more expensive drilling compared to digging a well, as well as the need to use more expensive borehole pumps.

Video description

Comparison of wells and wells in the video:

Types of wells

There are two main ways to organize the water supply of a private house from a well - the scheme may involve the use of an artesian well (up to 150 m deep) or the so-called "on the sand" (15-50 m). They differ not only in depth, but also in service life. The former can be used for up to 50 years, while the service life of the latter is usually 8-20 years.

Drilling of artesian wells is carried out using special equipment. Each such well is registered and a passport is issued for it. As a result, this work can only be entrusted to professionals.

Drilling wells "on the sand" can also be done manually, using an auger drill and extending its handles with pipes of suitable diameter.

Selection of pumping equipment

Pumping equipment is used to supply water to consumption points from a source. These may be individual pumps. various types(most often submersible - centrifugal or rotary) or pumping stations. When choosing such equipment, it is necessary to take into account the following parameters and technical characteristics:

Water consumption;

Minimum water supply column;

The highest point of water consumption;

well depth;

Nominal pressure (indicated in the passport);

Productivity (m³/hour).

In addition to the passport, all characteristics of the pump are indicated on the tags

The most popular and widespread are submersible pumps, the head of which is 60-80 m, and the productivity reaches 4 m³ per hour.

Scheme of water supply to a private house, water supply design

The organization of water supply of a private house begins with the preparation of a project. At this stage, it is necessary to take into account which type will be chosen, the frequency of use, as well as the source of water, the number of water loss points and the equipment used.

The water supply scheme will be fundamentally different, depending on which pumping equipment is selected for use. For example, it can be a submersible pump that is immersed in water and equipped with special automation. The second option is a pumping station or surface pump. Most often installed in the house, utility room or caisson. The third option is the use of hydraulic accumulators.

Hydraulic accumulators for autonomous water supply of a private house

The latter option is considered the most preferable, as it allows you to significantly reduce the number of on-off pumping equipment, prevent water hammer, thereby significantly extending the service life.

What factors should be considered when designing

An important role is played by the methods of purification and filtration of water, which are planned to be used. This can be a simple arrangement of a filter layer at the bottom of the well and the use of simple filters, or it can be the installation of filter systems.

Another important factor that must be taken into account when drawing up a water supply scheme for a private house is how it will be supplied hot water.

In addition, the depth of the water pipes must be taken into account, which depends on the depth of soil freezing in a particular region.

A less expensive option for the implementation of autonomous water supply in a private house is the supply of water from a well. This is due to the lower cost of digging a well, its long service life. Possibility of using less expensive pumping equipment.

Scheme of autonomous water supply from a well

Wiring diagrams

The most common water supply scheme is with serial connection. This is especially true for rooms with a small number of appliances and equipment that is powered by a water supply system. The main advantages of this option are the ease of installation work, the relatively low consumption of pipes and fittings. The disadvantages are a decrease in pressure in the pipeline, at the end points, the difficulty in determining the location of the leak, and it is impossible to turn off a separate pipe.

alternative sequential circuit is a collector connection. The main advantages are aesthetics (hidden gasket), high reliability, due to the minimum number of connections, plus simple and easy access to them. In addition, such a mounting system makes it possible to separately adjust each element of the system and plumbing fixture. Disadvantages - more expensive cost work and the need to use more pipes and accessories.

Water supply scheme: single-pipe and through a collector

Features of hot water supply of a private house

In order to organize hot water supply of a private house, use electric boilers, geysers, and boilers on solid or liquid fuel. Each of these options has its own characteristics, pros and cons. Recently, it has become more and more popular solid fuel boilers on pellets, husks, sawdust and other waste from woodworking or paper production.

In our directory, you can find the most popular companies specializing in country house water supply, among the houses presented at the exhibition Low-rise Country.

Boilers allow you to organize the heating of a private house and hot water supply - at the same time they cope better dual circuit models. They differ high efficiency, ease of maintenance, economy, inexpensive fuel and durability. One of the most optimal options for organizing hot water supply is the use of buffer tanks (heat accumulators).

Video description

Clearly about the use of a heat accumulator in the video:

A properly planned water supply system for a private house, plus correctly selected equipment and quality installation of all elements allow the system to be operated for many decades, without any payments and special problems.

Water supply of a country house is one of the key requirements for comfortable living in the suburbs.

A water supply system is laid during the construction process or its installation is carried out in a populated house.

To conduct water supply outside the city - in the country or in countryside- you need to approach thoughtfully, having developed a project and selecting the necessary materials.

Development of schemes for laying the water supply of a country house

Some owners of houses located on suburban areas land, confuse the definition of a private house with a dacha.

Because of this, during repair and construction works using incorrect information building materials and technology.

But these are buildings that perform different functions:

cottage is a building intended for seasonal stay. Most often it has one floor. Heating, running water and other communications are absent. It is not possible to live permanently in the country. To provide residents with water, it is supplied by a submersible pump from a well inside the well;
private house - housing in which you can live or permanently reside. It is located in the countryside, outside the city or in a cottage village. The building may consist of one or more floors and a basement. Each room has plumbing and heating. The water supply scheme for this building is more complicated than for a summer residence.

The order in which autonomous water supply is connected consists of several stages:

development of a project plan;
mounting;
plumbing service.

It is impossible to ignore the work on drawing up a preliminary connection structure, even in the case of running water only to the kitchen and bathroom.

The scheme of the water supply system should take into account:

at what points water will be consumed;
the number of collectors;
boiler volume;
how many pumps and filters are needed;
at what distance and where are the plumbing elements.

It is necessary to mark on the developed plan where the equipment and water consumers are located. Mark the passage of plumbing and heating pipes through the rooms of the building.

You need to work with the project, observing the overall scaling, taking into account all the dimensions of the house. Accurate measurements will help determine the amount of funds needed.

The water supply scheme consists of several elements:

wells inside a well or other water source;
pump for connecting pipes;
hydraulic accumulator that controls the pressure;
a shut-off valve that stops the flow of fluid;
a tee that separates water into technical and domestic needs;
filter for cleaning;
tee dividing the water into heating device and cold.

The choice of pipes for plumbing

The correct functioning and service life of the water supply and heating system depends on quality characteristics raw materials used in the manufacture of the product.

Pipes are of several types:

copper;
metal-plastic;
steel;
polypropylene.

Copper pipes are highly resistant to sun exposure, oxidation and microorganisms.

Pipes can easily withstand changing pressure, heating and cooling. The main disadvantage of this product is the high price.

Metal-plastic pipes have a base consisting of aluminum. The middle and edge are covered with polyethylene.

The film located inside protects the metal from oxidation, accumulation of dirt and mineral deposits.

Sheath that covers outside, protects the pipe from the adverse effects of the sun and humidity.

When heated above 95° and cooled below 0°, these products are deformed. To avoid this, thermal insulation is used.

Steel pipes are durable, but they are prone to metal corrosion. To install such pipes, you need to make a lot of effort.

Before connecting the pipe joints, it is necessary to thread each element or use a welding machine to fasten it.

Polypropylene pipes are the most common. Compared to other types of products, they are easy to assemble, are not subject to oxidative processes and are reliably connected. These pipes can be operated for more than 50 years.

Pipes should be selected according to their diameter, since optimal performance plumbing system directly depends on it.

The diameter of the pipes is chosen, guided by the length of the water pipe:

for a line with a length of more than 30 m - 32 mm;
less than 30 m (medium length) - 25 mm;
for short line up to 10 m - 20 mm.

Make installation of the water supply and heating system from plastic pipes relatively simple. Equipment must be secured in accordance with in a special way installation.

Angles, couplings, stopcocks, tees, flange fasteners and elbows are used as fitting elements for connecting pipes.

The distribution of pipes in the structure is carried out from the place of water intake. A ball valve is installed at the beginning of the line.

During emergency on the pipeline, it will make it possible to block the water pressure. Then the line with the collector is installed.

Types of water supply sources

The scheme for supplying water to a country house is carried out in several ways:

centralized;
from a well inside a well (autonomous water supply).

After the relevant authority issues permits, you can use water from the central water supply system.

If the owner of the premises decides to use a centralized water supply, then he must take into account that the pressure in the pipes will be determined by a special organization.

When several taps are used in parallel, the water pressure in the pipeline will decrease.

Without obtaining official permission, household water can be provided using a well inside the well.

But this method is only suitable for cottages during seasonal use of the premises.

For houses in which residents live permanently, it is unacceptable, since the heating system directly depends on the water supply.

The system for extracting water from a well inside a well allows you to use water of higher quality in comparison with water from a well only with a spring without a well.

But to get it, you need to provide high pressure. To do this, you need to use powerful equipment.

For example, a submersible electric pump can pump large volumes of liquid with sandy impurities and filter it without risk of damage.

Exist different models such equipment. The power of the device can be selected, taking into account the depth of the well with or without a well and the water level in it.

When choosing an autonomous (from a well, well or well inside a well) or centralized water supply, the homeowner should familiarize himself with several advantages of extracting water from a well:

installation of the system is simple. Homeowner with necessary information and versed in construction, can independently cope with the task of arranging a well, and, if necessary, a well;
minimum costs. Digging a well, but not for well equipment, does not require significant costs;
water availability. You can always get water from a well, but from a well - only when there is electricity.

Including autonomous water supply from a well, you can arrange it yourself, guided by personal taste.

How to equip the water supply system?

To equip an autonomous water supply, it is necessary to use pumps or pumping stations capable of pumping water from a source to a water supply system or storage tank.

For additional water purification it is necessary to use special cleaning filters.

The system diagram includes:

pump;
storage capacity;
hydraulic accumulator;
water heater (heater, boiler, boiler).

The heating system and water supply of a country house must be placed close to the consumer, for example, in the basement or basement.

From the water intake to the collector it is necessary to bring a pipe with a bronze or brass fitting 32 mm in diameter. Then, following the sequence, attach a drain for draining and a check valve.

Elements of the system are attached in the following sequence:

connect the opening / closing ball valve for water supply;
attach a deep filter that removes large particles of sand and debris;
then pumping station equipped with a hydraulic accumulator, including a pressure switch and a hydraulic tank. If the pump is located inside the well, and the rest of the equipment is in the room, then the tank is installed at the bottom of the pipe, and the relay is at the top;
mount automatic sensor dry running, turning off the pump when water disappears in the system;
install a soft (fine) filter.

A hydraulic tank is a sealed container in which there are two sections. The first contains water, and the second contains air. This device can continuously maintain the required pressure in the water supply and heating system.

In the presence of necessary knowledge laying a water pipe to supply water to residents and a heating system is a feasible task.

But, so that the installation does not cause problems, it is better to resort to the help of specialists.

One of the conditions for a comfortable country life is a reliable water supply in the cottage. Since the central water supply outside the city is a rather rare occurrence, the owner of the site has to decide on his own the issue of establishing an autonomous water supply system. Water supply of a private house from a well is one of the most convenient ways ensure everyday comfort.

To equip a water supply system from a well, both sandy and artesian sources can be used. By using sand well easy to solve the problem of water supply on suburban area, at which the water consumption on average does not exceed 1.5 cubic meters / hour. This volume is enough for a small house.

The main advantages of a sand well are the speed of construction, the low cost of construction and the possibility of arranging without the use of special large-sized construction equipment.

But for a country cottage where they live all year round, sand well - far from the best choice. Depth aquifers when arranging such wells, it does not exceed 50 meters, which is not a guarantee of water purity. Although the water in a sandy well is cleaner than a well, it can contain all sorts of impurities and aggressive compounds. The reason for this is the close location of the sandy aquifer relative to surface water. The productivity of the well is relatively small (about 500 liters on average), and the service life is short - about 10 years.

The best option is an artesian well, which is equipped at a depth of 100 meters or more. The main advantage of such a well is an unlimited supply of water. High Quality. Such a well is capable of delivering up to 10 cubic meters per hour. This is enough to provide water large plot with the house. And the service life of such a source, even with active use, can exceed more than half a century.

The water, located at a considerable depth, is filtered and purified in a natural way. Due to this, it does not contain impurities and pathogenic bacteria that are harmful to the human body.

If a sand well can be drilled and equipped with one's own hands, then when arranging an artesian well, it is necessary to involve specialists. Although the cost of drilling an artesian well is quite high, it is not worth saving on this. It is necessary to entrust this stage of work to professional drillers, who, depending on the composition of the rocks underlying the site, will determine the aquifer and equip the well in accordance with all the rules of drilling technology. Thanks to professional approach when arranging a well, you will save yourself from a number of problems in the operation of the system during operation.

Equipment for the arrangement of the water supply system

The technology for arranging water supply from a well with your own hands depends on the depth of the source and its characteristics.

An autonomous water supply scheme can be developed using the services of specialists, or you can take a suitable ready-made version from the network

One of the key elements in arranging the water supply system on the site is, which will ensure uninterrupted lifting and supply of water to the house from the well. For arrangement autonomous well it is enough to install a unit with a diameter of 3 or 4 ", equipped with additional protection from dry run. This will prevent overheating and damage to the pump if the minimum water level in the source is reached.

The technology of water supply from a well also provides for the installation of a plastic or metal tank - a caisson, which is placed so as to have free access to it, but at the same time prevent dirt or water from entering from external environment. It is necessary for the well and its further control during operation.

When arranging a water supply system from a well to a house, most often it is used pipes with a diameter of 25-32 mm made of metal-plastic - polymer material which is easy to bend and highly resistant to corrosion.

Water pipes are laid from the source to the house, deepening below the level of soil freezing (at least 30-50 cm)

Options for autonomous water supply from a well

Having on the plot shallow well, if the water level in the source allows, set or hand pump. The essence of the automated system is that under the action of submersible pump water is pumped into a hydropneumatic tank, the capacity of which can vary from 100 to 500 liters.

When working with a shallow sand well, the best option is to equip an automated water supply system that will ensure uninterrupted water supply to the house.

The water storage tank itself is separated by a rubber membrane and a relay, thanks to which the water pressure in the tank is regulated. When the tank is full, the pump is turned off, if water is consumed, a signal is sent to turn on the pump and pump out water. This means that the pump can work both directly, supplying water to the system, and after reducing the pressure in the system to a certain level, in order to replenish the “reserves” of water in the hydropneumatic tank. The receiver itself (hydraulic tank) is placed in any convenient location at home, most often in the back room.

From the caisson to the place where the pipe enters the house, a trench is laid, on the bottom of which they lay water pipe and electrical cable to power the pump. If possible, it is better to purchase a heating electric cable, which, in addition to its direct purpose, will protect the water pipe from freezing.

Method # 2 - with the installation of a deep pump

With this method of water supply submersible pump pumps water from the well into a storage tank, which is placed on an elevated point of the house.

Most often, a place for arranging a storage tank is allocated in one of the rooms on the second floor of the house, or in the attic. By placing the container in the attic, to prevent freezing of water in winter months, tank walls must be insulated

Due to the placement of the tank on a hill, the effect of a water tower is created, in which, due to the height difference between the hydraulic tank and the connection points, pressure arises when 1 m of water column is equal to 0.1 atmospheres. The tank can be made from of stainless steel or food grade plastic. Capacity - from 500 to 1500 liters. The larger the volume of the tank, the greater the supply of water: in the event of a power outage, it will automatically flow into the tap.

Installing a limit float switch will ensure automatic switch on pump when the water level in the tank drops.

Deep well pumps are used in cases where the distance to the water level in the well exceeds 9 meters or more

When choosing a pump, well productivity should be taken into account. Despite the fact that the power of the unit will only affect the rate of filling the water storage tank, when choosing a unit, it is better to start from the mark maximum flow water to houses.

The deep-well pump, together with the electric cable and pipe, is lowered into the well, suspended on a galvanized cable using a winch, which is installed inside the caisson. To maintain the necessary pressure in the system and prevent pumping water back into the well, a check valve is placed above the pump.

After installing all the elements of the system, it remains only to check the internal wiring to the connection points and connect the equipment to the control panel.

the total cost automatic system water supply is about 3000-5000 dollars. It depends on the depth of the source, the type of pump and the number of water intake points inside the house. From 30% to 50% of this amount goes to the engineering arrangement of the system, the rest of the expenses go to the elements that determine the level of living comfort.

Downhole pump and its piping for a domestic well:

When building a country house, each owner thinks about providing water to his home. It is good if the house is located in a village where there is a central water supply. But what if this is not possible? You can provide a country house or cottage with water by installing your own. Before choosing it, first, you need to decide on the water supply system.

Types of water supply systemscountry house

There are several types of water supply systems – self-flowing, pressure and year-round. Gravity-flowing water supply system has practically not been used recently. The fact is that a well cannot provide a modern country house with an uninterrupted supply of water. You definitely need a storage tank, which should be located above the points of consumption in the house, that is, stand somewhere in the attic. This is extremely inconvenient.

Therefore, the most popular water supply system today is a pressure system. It has a more complex device - it is equipped with lifting equipment, and differs from the gravity system, mainly in the presence of a hydraulic accumulator. The pressurized water supply system allows you to uninterruptedly receive the required volume of water.

If the owner intends to permanently reside in country house– it is necessary to install a year-round water supply system. To do this, you need to place pipes and equipment underground below the level of soil freezing and install a caisson that will protect against ground water and will allow you to use the well at any time of the year.

Determination of the source of water supply for a dacha, house, plot, bathhouse, cottage.

After choosing a water supply system, they determine the source of water supply - it can be a well, sandy or artesian well. The well is certainly the simplest and cheapest source, but the water from it, especially in the Moscow region, leaves much to be desired. Here, sometimes, even filters do not help, and the water yield at the well is very low.

A sand well is an inexpensive, but short-lived (service life of about 10 years) source of water. Water from a sand well, when purified, is of better quality than from a well. However, this water supply option is more suitable for summer cottages, where the owners will be located periodically.

Artesian well - more expensive, but very reliable source water supply. The quality of water during purification is much better than that of the autonomous sources described above, and it will last for quite a long time - about 50 years.

After choosing a system and a source of water supply, they begin to choose a location for a well or well on the site. Then, in fact, with the help of special equipment, they producedrilling .

Taking water from a source

The next stage of water supply of a country house is the intake of water from a source. A pump is placed in the well and special water-lifting equipment is installed. Storage tanks and automation systems, depending on the choice of water supply system, are placed in the house or incaisson .

Before water enters the points of use, it must be cleaned in special filtration systems. Unfortunately, the quality of water near Moscow does not allow it to be used for drinking, even from a deep artesian well. Before deciding on the choice of a water treatment system, it is necessary to draw water and give it for chemical analysis. Based on the data already obtained, acquire desired filters for water purification.

But the arrangement of water supply at home does not end there. Still to be selected and installed engineering systems for heating water.

After installing the water supply, it will be necessary to take care of the disposal of waste, that is, to carry outsewerage .

The specialists of our company will provide all the necessary assistance at every stage of the water supply of your country house. Contact us, we will always be happy to help you!

There are several ways to supply water to a country house:

Water supply from the central water supply. This can be problematic due to the high cost of work or due to too little water pressure from distant pipelines.
Water intake from natural reservoirs, which is impossible in the absence of a lake or river nearby.
The device of the well may be unreliable for certain types of soil or for too deep occurrence of artesian waters.
The construction of a well, which can become the only acceptable way of an autonomous or cottage. This is especially important with increased water consumption for irrigation and other technical needs.

Well water supply

The well water supply device has several advantages compared to other options for supplying a house with fresh water:

Economy of work. It is cheaper to dig a well than to drill a well or stretch pipes from the central route;
Digging a well by hand is possible for almost any person, without the involvement of complex equipment;
will be able to provide you with water for many years,
Well water does not require extra costs– only low energy costs for pumps;
The device of a well is possible without official permission.

The only drawback of such a water supply is that wells require periodic cleaning(about once a year) or more reliable system filtration.

Works on the device of water supply from a well

Usually, work on the installation of a well water supply system is carried out in several successive stages:

The choice of a specific scheme and the general layout of water supply;
Digging of the well itself and trenches for pipelines;
and other necessary materials;
Installation of pumps and filtration systems;
Installation of pipelines from the well to the house;
Installation in the water supply system of equipment for supplying hot water and other household appliances- dishwashers washing machines etc.

If each of them is done correctly, then you will not have difficulties with setting up the entire system and with its subsequent maintenance.

Well device

Location selection

Most milestone the construction of an autonomous water supply system is the arrangement of the well itself. As experience shows, it is more convenient to do this in the summer and early autumn months, when groundwater drops to a minimum level. This will allow you to most accurately calculate the required depth.

It is very important to correctly determine the place for the future well. You can do this:

Focusing on folk omens. Usually, in places where groundwater passes close, the grass is thicker, juicier and greener.
With the help of a vine or two aluminum rods, the old-fashioned way.
By inviting specialists with the appropriate equipment.
Just ask the old-timers about the places of occurrence of water veins on the territory of your and nearby sites.

Diagram of a water supply device from a well

When locating the well, be sure to consider the presence of cesspools, compost heaps, toilets, etc. located next to it. Such sources of pollution should be no closer than 50 meters from the construction site. It is also undesirable for the well to be too close to the house or the cellar you have, as this can lead to washing out of the soil layers and shifting the foundation.

Construction

As soon as the place appropriate place selected, you can start digging a well. First, decide what your future well will be - wooden type, made of brick or stone, or made in the form of a vertical earthen shaft, fortified reinforced concrete rings. The simplest and most durable is the installation of concrete rings. They will protect against soil collapses from the walls and prevent the runoff of dirty surface water. These rings can be purchased from ready-made or cast your own.

For concrete rings we dig a round well

First, the platform is leveled, on which a place is marked for digging a hole, the diameter of which is 10-20 cm larger than the diameter of the rings you have prepared.
A hole is dug 10-12 cm deep less than the height of the ring (finished rings are about 90-100 cm high). The excavated earth is sent upward (for example, in buckets with the help of hands or an arranged winch).
The first ring is placed in the dug hole, at the end of which several connecting brackets (at least 3) are installed.
Digging a hole to the depth of another ring continues.
The previous ring goes down, and then the next one is installed in the brackets. In the second ring, a hole is made for the pipe of the future water supply (1.5 times the diameter of the pipelines).
We continue to dig, repeating the steps described above, with the installation of new rings, until an intense flow of water appears. Usually you have to dig until a layer of sand appears in the ground. This happens differently for different areas, most often after installing 6 - 8 rings.
You can go down another 0.5 meters, pumping out water with a pump.
Next, you need to cover the mine and leave the well to settle the water for at least 1 day. This is necessary to clarify the water level. AT ideal it will be more than 1-1.5 m from the edge.
Now you need to pump out all the water, lay small stones on the bottom and a layer of crushed stone 40-60 cm thick, which will filter the incoming water. The gaps between the reinforced concrete rings are sealed with cement mortar.

Materials and equipment

Now you need to choose necessary elements future plumbing. This list must include:

Installation for lifting water - a pumping station or a separate pump,
Storage tank or water pressure tank (hydraulic accumulator),
water stop valve,
Pipelines with all necessary fittings - shut-off, mixing and control.

Pump

The pump can be borehole, surface or submersible.

When choosing a pump, pay attention to its power (developed pressure and performance). If your well is very deep, and the water needs to be raised to a decent height, then this parameter is very important. Therefore, if the well is sufficiently far from the house, it is better to buy a centrifugal self-priming pump with an external ejector. Otherwise, you can do more simple models. Submersible and diaphragm pumps do not need to install additional water shut-off valves, but this is not always reliable.

Reservoir and valve

It is better to take a tank for water collection from stainless materials (welding from "stainless steel" or a durable polymer). Its dimensions depend on the water supply scheme you have chosen. The storage tank is usually many times larger than the water tank.

We carry out sealing of seams of connection of concrete rings

A water shut-off valve will be required so that there is no loss of water, and air does not enter the pipelines and pumping station, which can damage it. The valve can be purchased at a hardware and building supply store (in the plumbing department). You can also make it yourself. The main thing is to ensure that it does not let water pass in the opposite direction.

Pipes and filters

- copper, steel, polymer, metal-plastic, etc. At the moment, the most popular water pipes are made of metal-plastic. They are valued for their resistance to corrosion, easy installation (bend well, etc.) and acceptable price. For plumbing, it is enough to buy pipes with a diameter of 16 mm.

The filtering system, in principle, can be chosen any. Just make sure that it provides for easy replacement of filter elements.

Water supply scheme from a well

The plumbing scheme varies depending on the design of the storage tanks. They are used for uninterrupted water supply, without constant recourse to turning the pumps on and off.

Diagram of a water supply system from a well

With storage tank

Any autonomous system water supply is a combination of a water intake source, a pressure pump, a control unit, a water tank, piping and control valves. When choosing a system with storage tank this tank (with a volume of at least 1-1.5 cubic meters) is installed at the highest place in the house (in the attic) and is well insulated to prevent freezing during the cold season. Water is pumped into it, which can then be piped for all household needs. Replenishment of the tank with water can be manual or automated.

With water tank

Also, a small sealed container can be built into the system, into which water is injected from below. As the water level rises, the air above the water is compressed. At the moments when the pumps are turned off, there will be in the system, which will provide compressed air in the tank.

It remains only to install automatic feed water. This is achieved by equipping the water supply system with an electrocontact pressure gauge, which regulates its timely switching on and off.

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