Finishing concrete stairs. Facing stairs with wood - a special interior in the house is guaranteed

Finishing concrete stairs wood can make an effective and unique interior in any home. Let's see how to sheathe a concrete structure with your own hands to give your home a presentable and fully completed look.

Staircase in "wooden clothes" - beautiful and practical

Concrete stairs in country cottage or a private house is considered to be the most durable and reliable. They are of two types:

• monolithic - they are made directly at the construction site;
• prefabricated - such structures are assembled from elements that are manufactured in factories and delivered to the customer's home.

Stairs made of concrete are not afraid of moisture. Inside them is a high-strength reinforcing cage, which ensures long-term operation of the stairs.

Such structures are faced with porcelain stoneware, natural stone, tiles. But the most demanded sheathing is wood.

For these purposes, it is allowed to use almost any tree species, including truly exotic materials. Most often, the facing of stairs is made of the following types of wood:

• Larch. The material from this tree is characterized by excellent appearance and good operational qualities, affordable price and high strength.
• Oak. The most durable wood is a true favorite among products for a variety of finishing activities. Finishing the stairs with oak makes the interiors respectable, which is facilitated by a well-defined pattern on the surface of the material and its warm shades. Oak structures serve for decades, delighting homeowners with their elegance and practicality.
• Beech. Wood with excellent quality indicators, relatively low cost, pleasant color and uniform structure.
• Ash. Finishing material from this tree in terms of strength characteristics is similar to oak products. Outwardly, ash wood is pleasing to the human eye. It has a wide range of shades - both light and dark, as well as beautiful patterns.

It is undesirable to finish concrete stairs with pine and linden. Their wood is processed without problems, it is characterized by a spectacular texture and color, but its structure is very soft, which leads to rapid wear of the cladding.

Before you start doing facing activities with your own hands, study important recommendations professionals.

The finishing of stairs is done strictly after a careful design, and then it is cleaned from any (even minor) contamination. Stair steps and flooring in the room should be combined in style and color shade. Long-term operation of the cladding is guaranteed in cases where it has a thickness of three or more centimeters.

It is undesirable to build stairs with steps of different heights. A reasonable deviation in the heights of the tread and riser is considered to be fluctuations of no more than 1 cm. If you do not pay attention to this recommendation, you will find a laborious (and not always feasible) process of leveling the stairs, which will require additional costs.

The strength characteristics of the floor covering and stair trim must be identical. It is optimal when the cladding of the stairs is made from the same wood material as floor surface. The minimum gap between flights of stairs and handrails is 7.5 cm. It is best to make a gap at the level of 12-15 cm.

Usually finishing activities are carried out after the completion of all major repair work in home. If everything is done correctly, do-it-yourself facing of stairs does not lead to the appearance of mountains of garbage.

We carry out facing - detailed instructions

Finishing work begins with cleaning the stairs from dirt and dust, applying a thin layer of cement mortar M150 (or another brand) on them. You will also need to glue the steps with a mixture made by hand from fine sand and PVA glue. After applying it, you should wait about five hours, and then carefully align all the potholes and cracks on concrete surface using a conventional spatula for this purpose.

Then, small (about 1 cm) plywood slats are installed at the bottom of the ladder structure (it is better to use veneered plywood products). This is done so that outwardly the wall in the house and the stairs adjacent to it look like one.

Next, the risers and treads of the stair structure are made. The width of the first is from 15 to 18 cm, the second is from 27 to 32. The ideal gap between them is 12–15 cm. Treads and risers are attached according to this scheme:

• using a milling machine, a groove of the required dimensions is made;
• the lower edge of the riser is flush with the bottom of the tread;
• the upper end of the tread is inserted (tightly) with back side into a groove, the depth of which is usually 14 mm, and the width is 25 mm.

This part of the procedure, which requires the finishing of stairs, is quite painstaking and time-consuming. You can speed up, and at the same time significantly simplify the process by collecting several treads and risers into one design at once. To do this, on the side of the tread, it is necessary to attach a metal corner and perform said works. Believe me, they will go much faster.

Directly lining the stairs starts from the very first riser from the bottom. In all wooden blanks, two holes must be drilled on each side. Design elements will be inserted into them. In this case, you will be able to monitor the smooth location of the stairs. Separate parts of the structure are fastened with screws (self-tapping screws). As long as they don't need to be screwed all the way down.

When the entire staircase is assembled according to the above scheme, it should be examined as carefully as possible for correct installation. Only then proceed to screw in the screws used until they stop. After that, put the topmost riser. Do-it-yourself finishing of the staircase structure is completed! You only need to sand the steps and apply a varnish on them, which emphasizes all the spectacularity and beauty of the wood structure. As you can see, finishing stairs is a very simple process.

The desire to ensure the unconditional reliability of the stairs leading to the upper floors of a residential building results in the use of concrete as the base material.

But in its pure form, such a design is aesthetically far from perfect, therefore, concrete stairs are often faced with wood that can ennoble any object.

The desire to contribute to external surfaces concrete stairs exquisite decor is key.
But among the motives that move the owners to further actions on facing, there are several more factors:

• Bare concrete is cold and unpleasant to the touch;
• Surfaces have a rough texture;
• Often, when casting, it is not possible to achieve ideal the same values step heights.

Before starting to select tools and specialized devices, it must be borne in mind that the concrete must settle after the manufacture of the staircase structure for three months.

Among the tools should be the most necessary items:

• Measuring - tape measure, plumb line, square, pencil, level;
• Cutting - electric jigsaw, hacksaw with fine teeth, saw;
• Fixing - hammer, screwdrivers, mounting gun, screwdriver;
• Milling and grinding machine;
• Electric drill.

Since a decision has been made that concrete stairs will be lined with wood, it remains to consider which breeds are suitable in a particular situation.

Give a touch of aristocracy hardwood - ash, beech, larch, oak, characterized by resistance to deformation and abrasion. The nobility of any surface is given by delicate cherry and elegant walnut.

With financial opportunities, rare samples are used - cedar, mahogany. Elite varieties give a chic elegant look: doussia, wenge, jatoba, badi. For baseboards designed to mask gaps along the walls, pine or spruce, cheaper wood, is suitable.

When purchasing any wood material, you should specify the degree of drying (≈ 8%), and also pay attention to the absence of serious defects in the form of cracks, holes, knots, and unaesthetic pigmentation.

The standard thickness of the boards depends on their functional role: the panels covering the space between the steps are 25 mm, the steps themselves are 30 mm. It is more convenient to use plywood as a substrate, the required amount of which is easy to calculate.

Main advantages

Natural wood is the most popular option among. This is not prevented even by its high cost. This advantage is due to the following characteristics:

• Easy handling;
• High thermal insulation performance;
• Warm, homely, delicate texture;
• Leveling noise from walking on stairs;
• Harmonious compatibility with any materials and interior solutions;
• Environmental Safety.

Thanks to modern technologies you can pick up budget options glued material. These are very strong specimens, due to the different placement of fibers in the layers, which are thin wood plates.

Preparatory stage

In the course of organizing restoration work, lining should begin with the preparation of planes. Visually explored possible defects. If grinding them cannot be eliminated, then it is worth doing a competent one.

For this, a solution is prepared, the structural formula of which includes sand and cement in a ratio of 3: 1, respectively (it is advisable to take the M150 brand). All planes are swept with a brush from dust and small particles dirt, and then impregnated with a primer from the category of deep penetrating mixtures. After that, it is leveled with a spatula plaster composition filling in all the gaps.

If the height of the steps varies significantly, then you will have to carry out leveling operations. The starting value will be the highest step. The rest are adjusted to this size by installing formwork, the material for which is four millimeter plywood.

The upper edge is made strictly horizontal in level, after which the prepared mixture is poured onto a primed concrete base and carefully leveled.

Cladding algorithm

Following for preparatory stage wood cladding operations are carried out in a certain sequence.

They are cut from ten millimeter plywood blanks according to the size of each step.

Adhesive mastic is applied to the surfaces that have dried after puttying and leveling with a wide brush, a plywood part is placed (with additional control its horizontal level) and is fixed with dowels.

A waterproofing polyethylene layer is laid. Facing begins from the bottom with the installation of the first riser, at the end of which three bolts were previously fixed, protruding outward by 6 cm. Putting the riser in the right place, the points of contact of the bolts are marked, the heads of which are cut off.

In these places, holes are drilled, where epoxy is added, and bolts are immediately placed. This operation allows you to accurately and reliably strengthen the initial riser.

A groove is cut in the wooden step to align it with the already prepared vertical element. On the other hand, the second riser is fixed with screws, aligning the right angle with a square.

Glue is applied to the plywood, the groove is also smeared, after which the first step is put in place. For reliability, its exact horizontal is checked again, and a load is placed on top.

According to the same scheme, the whole is completely lined. Having installed the uppermost riser, attach it to the site with a corner. can be cut and wooden blank, in which a groove is also prepared, allowing you to give the whole structure a single harmonious look.

An illustrative video example of the implementation of these works:

Side mounted with self-tapping screws wooden lining. At the end, a protective varnish coating is applied in several layers. Wooden railings and balusters will enhance the beauty and graceful nobility, allowing it to become one of the dominant accents of the surrounding interior.

In modern building repairs there are many ways self-finishing stairs. One of them is the facing of a concrete staircase with wood.
This method is ideal for stairwells that have lost their external aesthetics during the operational period. During restoration work, it is recommended to finish and clad the handrails.
Finishing work can be done by hand.

For this type of work, as concrete stairs, it is recommended to use different types materials, each of which is good in its own way and has a number of features.
Consider the materials with which concrete stairs are sheathed, in addition to wood:

• The most common method and great alternative wood, it's laminate.
• But the material is not particularly suitable for staircases. Due to the small area of ​​the steps, the laminate laying technology is violated.

Advice. The price of finishing stairs with laminate is much lower than with wood, so many people choose this material.

• Next, consider the method of tiling. In the same category can be a natural stone, granite, marble. All materials are tied together by the high cost of design.
• Materials are produced specifically for finishing stairs with a rounded edge for risers. This option can ensure the strength of the finish and safety during the period of operation.

And finally, a concrete staircase, wood cladding. This is a popular and durable way.
If you follow the finishing technology, the tree will serve for decades.

Preparatory work before finishing

Before being made by a tree with your own hands, you will need to produce a series preparatory work. It is especially important to eliminate a number of especially pronounced shortcomings and defects.

Advice. In order to inexpensively eliminate all existing shortcomings, you can use a solution of cement and sand grade M150.

Instructions for use:

• With the help of the solution, all pronounced defects, including cracks, are filled. Of the tools you will need a spatula.
• Before applying the solution to the surface, it is recommended to use a PVA primer.
• In order for the steps to merge with the wall, it is necessary to mount narrow panels of 1 cm veneered plywood at the bottom.

To finish the flight of stairs with wood, you will need the following tools:

• Electric drill.
• Screwdriver.
• A hammer.
• Grinding machine.
• Milling machine.
• Saw or small hacksaw.
• Electric jigsaw.
• Plumb or building level.

After carrying out the necessary preparatory work, you can begin to finish.

Facing a concrete staircase with wood, video tutorial and installation nuances

In order for the panels of flights of stairs to be located on the same level, it is necessary to make markings using a construction plumb line. Marking is done in the lower, upper and middle parts of the march.
Carrying out work:

• In order to make the markup, you will need to indent to the side by ½ of the width landing. The adjustment of the material is made according to the terrain.

Advice. You can not waste time until the mortar with which the irregularities were sealed will harden, but install the risers and treads.

• Traditionally, the width of the treads is considered to be 27-32 cm, and the riser is 15-18 cm.

What wood is used for finishing stairs:

• For such work, it is recommended to use hard rock wood such as beech or oak.
• Treads 32 cm wide and 4.5 cm thick are made from the selected material.
• For facing works you will need material 2.5 cm thick and 17.8 cm wide.

Note. Is not standard sizes, it all depends on the design of the march. Self-tapping screws are used as fasteners.

Installation is carried out according to a certain technology:

• First, the bottom of the riser is attached flush to the bottom of the tread.
• The upper part of the riser goes into the back of the tread into the groove (it is made initially with the help of a milling cutter).

Note. The depth of the groove should be 1.4 cm and the width 2.5 cm. For the evenness of the groove, a flat rail or side stop is used.

• For reliability and rigidity of the structure, it is recommended to use metal squares.
• If the corners are mounted from the back, then additional sockets are made. Rigid fastening is allowed only from the side of the tread.

For insulation work:

• For additional insulation before finishing work, some use polyethylene foam.
• The thickness is 0.3 cm. This will reliably protect the structure from damage and noise.

Collection of each separately harvested unit:

• If a wooden structure was built one at a time separately, it must be assembled and installed on.
• Work is carried out using screws, long in size, 2 pieces on each side.
• For installation, holes are drilled in the riser, and markings are made for dowels.
• Installation is made from the bottom riser. Next, the next unit is installed using the installation control in the finished groove.

Attention. It is important to observe correct location groove and evenness of installation, after which the structure is fixed with self-tapping screws.

After assembling the entire structure, it is necessary to correctly install the last riser to flight of stairs. Can be connected with a corner or closed upper part wooden board.

How to assemble wooden handrails

Finishing handrails for concrete stairs is made from hardwood boards. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the shape and style of the future railing.
Let's take a closer look:

• Basically, most of the structure contains rectangular shapes. Therefore, the manufacture does not require much effort.
• Basically, difficulties can arise in the manufacture of curvilinear forms.
• Such an assembly is carried out by gluing individual elements at different angles.

Note. Work must be carried out at the installation site.

• To collect the railing and install them on the metal railing, you will need a milling machine.
• In order to cut the connecting elements, a hacksaw with fine teeth is used.
• Railings and handrails are fastened together with screws. After all installation work fasteners must be sanded.
• To make the design more attractive, you can use plugs or putty for fasteners.

Upon completion of all work, the structure is varnished or painted.

The most important and important thing when facing concrete marches with wood is the observance of precise technology, otherwise, the durability of the structure will be significantly reduced and lose its attractiveness.
Let's take a closer look:

• If the finishing is done by hand, then be sure to watch the training video and coordinate the details with knowledgeable craftsmen.
• There are cases when the sizes of marches are different, then it is recommended to fit the finishing elements according to the highest design.
• The rest are aligned with a special mixture.

Advice. If the discrepancy provides for more than 4 cm, then it is recommended to make formwork using plywood and the steps are poured.

• In order to minimize the absorption of moisture into the wood, it will be necessary to install plywood substrates before finishing.
• If there is a desire to emphasize the texture of the tree and give it a peculiar look, you can use stain.

Also, if desired, you can use a laminate instead of wood, but it should be remembered that the technology for installing the laminate will be slightly violated. Marble, stone and tile are also used to finish concrete staircases.

Spiral, mid-flight, half-turn or attached ladders are often poured from concrete. High-quality steel reinforcement and high grades of concrete ensure the strength of the product. Thanks to reinforced concrete, the structure is not affected by the moisture content in the air, various atmospheric influences. But the appearance of concrete stairs is not aesthetic, so additional Finishing work. As facing material choose natural wood.

Common mistakes at work

Many believe that pouring concrete is the most expensive process in arranging a flight of stairs. However, the use of wood trim is even more expensive. Allowed flaws in the technology of masonry cladding can increase costs. To avoid this, you should familiarize yourself with the main mistakes made when arranging sheathing materials on a concrete staircase:

1. Can't be stacked wood mass directly on, as this will shorten the life of the cladding.
2. Minimum Thickness wooden shields- 3 cm. It is not worth saving - this will reduce strength.
3. Before finishing cladding, the surface in without fail leveled and veneered.
4. In order not to lose the aesthetics in the appearance of the stairs, the tree does not need to be painted.
5. Before sheathing the stairs with wood, it must be cleaned of dust and debris. This will increase the adhesion of the adhesive layer between the concrete and the finish.
6. To keep the plywood stronger, it is recommended to use not only glue, but also fixing dowels.
7. Don't skimp on varnish. It must be moisture resistant. You need at least three layers of varnish with drying between each ball.

How to choose a tree for finishing?

wooden stairs based on concrete must be durable and have an aesthetic appearance. The choice of wood material can be made according to grade, shade and economic considerations. Today, ordinary and exotic species are offered. The most common are four varieties. But others use it too:

1. Oak is considered a favorite. Features of the material: strength, interesting texture, pleasant shade and pattern, availability. Oak is chosen to provide a respectable look. Oak stairs will last a long time without losing their appearance.
2. Beech is distinguished by its uniform structure, high quality, a pleasant shade and more affordable cost than the first position.
3. Larch is the most accessible and popular material. At the same time, the quality and reliability of products made from this tree are as high as those of oak.
4. The ash-tree differs in the highest durability among the listed grades. Him beautiful drawing, wide selection shades from dark to light.
5. Elite wood species are distinguished by a higher cost, but also good strength characteristics. These include wenge, badi, dussie, brightly, yatobo.
6. It is possible to make the finishing of the concrete staircase with a cheaper material, such as linden or pine. These varieties are different light colors, which can visually reduce the bulkiness of the structure. However, they are significantly inferior in strength indicators, therefore, such a finish will last less, quickly lose its attractive appearance.

When choosing a wood finishing material, you should pay attention to the main characteristics, not the cost. It is important to take into account the operational requirements for a flight of stairs. Another, no less important, selection criterion is the degree of drying of wood plywood. Its optimal value is 8%. There must be no defects, such as:

• cracks;
• knotty;
• pigmentation;
• voids and holes.

Calculations

To determine the amount required material for the arrangement of stairs based on concrete, it is necessary to carry out a calculation. To do this, you will need the following parameters:

• dimensions of one step: thickness, width, depth;
• riser dimensions;
• the number of steps and risers.

To design step overlays, you need to use wood material up to 1.5 cm thick. You can compensate for protrusions with roundings and canopies. For the arrangement of risers, more than thin plywood, since the load in this zone is minimal.

It is convenient to walk on the steps if the step width is 60-65 cm. You can increase the step due to the overhanging of the material in the finish. The total width of the stairs must be sufficient for stable movement. Due to the reinforcement, it becomes possible to expand the flight of stairs without losing stability.

Mounting order

Installation of facing wooden material on a concrete staircase is a laborious process:

1. Training. The height of each step is measured, then aligned to the highest. For this, self-leveling floor compounds are used. If the height difference is small, thin layer mixtures smooth out unevenness on the concrete. With a high run-up in the size of the steps, plywood formwork is made according to the required height. It is attached to dowels.
2. Primer. After leveling, the surface is cleaned of debris and dust. A primer layer is then applied, which increases the adhesion between the finishing materials. The mixture should be applied after the primer has completely dried.
3. Waterproofing. In order to protect against moisture, plywood sheets 10-15 cm thick are attached to the concrete. This layer is treated with a primer.
4. Wood veneer. steps from natural wood you can do it yourself, choose finished goods, order an individual form. For fastening, three bolts with a diameter of 0.6 cm are used. They are screwed into the bottom of the riser so that their caps protrude slightly. Then the hats are cut off, and the risers are combined with the steps. Holes are drilled according to the marks made, then poured epoxy resin. Liquid nails are applied to the plywood, and the lining is attached on top. Holes are made in the resting riser for fastening to the second riser. The next plywood layer and holes are treated with glue. At this stage on concrete base the first wooden step. You can measure the correctness of the masonry building level. So the whole staircase is finished.

If, after facing work, gaps have formed between one step and the second, as well as on the side, they are treated with putty or foam.

A concrete staircase is a strong and durable product, however, its appearance can hardly be called attractive. Of course, if such a structure is located outside the living quarters, then this is not critical, but if it is located in the house, then it must be finished. There are quite a few options for how to do this - finishing a concrete staircase with laminate, wood, carpet, etc.

Finish options

Today there is big choice building materials, which can be used to decorate concrete staircase structures. Therefore, after installing the product, the owners are primarily interested in how to finish the concrete stairs in the house?

Here are the most popular options:

• Laminate;
• Tiles or natural stone;
• Wood;
• Carpet covering;
• Painting.

Now let's take a closer look at the features of each material.

Laminate

Laminate is a rather interesting alternative to wood. Its main advantage is its low price and attractive appearance, imitating natural wood. Therefore, it is very popular when sheathing staircases.

Its disadvantages include the fact that the small area of ​​the steps does not allow floating installation without violating the technology. At the same time, the thickness of the laminate panels is not enough to be fixed in a way similar to wood. In addition, the laminate has smooth surface, so walking on such stairs can be slippery.

Tile or stone

Tile, stone, mosaic, granite or marble - all of these finishes operational characteristics they are similar to each other, so the choice is yours. The differences between them will be in the cost and appearance of the finish.

Giving preference to one of the above options, it should be borne in mind that the design can turn out to be quite slippery.

Separately, it must be said about such material as clinker tiles, which is produced specifically for finishing stairs. It even has rounded edges, especially for risers. This finishing option is reliable, durable, and at the same time quite safe.

It should also be noted that the clinker tile has a very attractive appearance. Therefore, a staircase finished in this way will look quite presentable.

Wood

Perhaps the most popular design option for a concrete staircase is wood trim. Such a sheathing looks attractive, brings comfort to the interior and can last a long time, if you follow certain rules operation and maintenance of the structure.

In the photo - carpet trim

Carpet covering

Carpet - has a number of advantages, in particular, such a staircase is absolutely silent. In addition, the installation of the coating is not difficult to do with your own hands. The material is usually fixed with wooden or plastic skirting boards, as well as brass rods that are fixed in the treads.

The only drawback is that carpet is difficult to care for, as it is difficult to clean, compared to other coatings.

Note!
before finishing, concrete structure must dry well.
This may take two to three months.

Dye

If the presentability of the stairs does not play a special role, for example, if the structure leads to the basement, then great option finishing is painting. It will not take much time and effort, but at the same time it will protect the concrete from the negative impact. environment and also make the product more attractive.

wood stair trim

As an example, consider how to finish a concrete staircase with wood, as this option is one of the most common and at the same time difficult. Of course, you should start with the choice of material.

The most durable and suitable varieties wood are:

• Larch.

However, this wood is the most expensive, so if it is not “affordable”, then it is quite possible to use cheaper pine.

So, the instructions for sheathing are as follows:

• First of all, you need to make sure that all steps have the same height.. If this indicator is different, then the disadvantage must be eliminated, otherwise the staircase will be unsafe. You can level the height of the steps with a self-leveling compound.
• The next step is to install plywood, which will perform the function of a moisture-proof layer. The thickness of plywood sheets should be at least 10-15 mm.
  In accordance with the dimensions of the treads, blanks should be cut out of plywood and fixed with dowels and adhesive mastic. In this case, it is necessary to check the position of the panels with a level.
  Next, steps and risers are made. They can be made independently or ordered in the workshop. In any case, you first need to make a template that will allow you to accurately make the steps of the desired size.
• Finishing concrete stairs starts from the bottom. First of all, a wooden riser is installed. To do this, bolts are screwed into its lower end so that they protrude from it, after which their caps are cut off.
• Then, the locations of the riser bolts are marked in the concrete and holes are drilled for them., which are subsequently filled with epoxy adhesive.
• Next, a groove is cut in the tread for the riser resting against it.
• Before mounting the step, the second riser is attached to it with self-tapping screws.
• The plywood is then smeared liquid nails» and the step is set.Its position must be checked with a level and, if necessary, corrected.
• All other steps are mounted in the same way..
• Next is the installation. This procedure depends on their design. Most often, balusters are fixed with anchor bolts.
• The final step is the installation of side panels that will hide the gaps between. Panels are mounted using self-tapping screws

Advice!
Before finishing the stairs, you may need to mechanical restoration, especially if the filling was done carelessly.
In this case, a tool with diamond nozzles is used, in particular, cutting of reinforced concrete may be required. diamond circles or diamond drilling holes in concrete.

This completes the stair trim.

Conclusion

The choice of type of finish depends primarily on the personal preferences and financial capabilities of the owners. In addition, it is desirable that the skin be practical.

As for the installation, as we found out, even such a relatively complex procedure as sheathing a structure with wood can be done independently. True, for this you need to have some experience with wood.

From the video in this article you can get Additional information on this topic.