Technology of roofing devices from bituminous tiles. Typical nodes and installation schemes recommended for the installation of roof structures. Protecting gables and eaves

A connection made in violation of the installation instructions led to a roof leak
"KROVMASTER"
Competently executed connection to the pipe using metal strips

In the bath in question, the roof is made of bituminous (soft) shingles ICOPAL(Finland). When laying the material, the builders paid special attention to the most “weak” places, where the roof can leak during installation errors. These are junctions to the pipe, penetrations, cornice overhangs.

One of the most complex nodes is the adjunction of roofing material to a pipe, wall, parapet, etc. The adjoining node consists of two elements-slats that are not interconnected. They are made of galvanized sheet (often with colored polymer coated: polyester, pural, plastisol). The first one (adjacency bar) is fixed to the roof base (plywood, OSB) under the roofing carpet. The second (drip) - to brick or concrete wall over the roofing material. It is placed in a shtraba and sealed bituminous mastic or silicone sealant weather resistant. This method of mounting the junction avoids the rupture of the roofing caused by movements in rafter system pipes or walls.

The thickness of the layer and the amount of adhesive must exactly comply with the requirements of the instructions. The principle "more glue - a stronger roof" can turn into the opposite result: with an excess of bituminous mastic, excessive softening and spreading of bitumen is possible. Almost every manufacturer shingles developed their own sealing compounds: Shingle Stick, Plastal, Plastal Stick from IKO (Canada), K-36 from KATEPAL (Finland), "Bitustik" from TEGOLA (Italy), "Eureka", "Rebax-M" and "Fixer" from "TECHNONICOL" (Russia), etc.

Roof overhangs are protected by metal eaves and end strips over the lining layer. metal slats lay with an overlap of 5 cm and fasten roofing nails in increments of 10-12 cm, in places of overlap - 3 cm. In the absence of a plank on the cornice overhang, water will flow under the roof, which will lead to rotting of the starting board.

To seal the place of passage through the roof of the antenna, the outlet of the fan riser, flagpole, etc., special passage elements are used (the widest range of this type of product under the Vilpe trademark was developed by the Finnish company SK-TUOTE OY). For pipes with a diameter of up to 160 mm, located on a roof made of bituminous tiles, Huopa-Felt passage elements are intended (installed at the stage of roof installation under a layer finishing material) and Classic (fixed on top of the roofing on finished structure). Seals for sealing roof penetrations, made of weather and ozone resistant EPDM rubber, have a cone shape. Before installation, they are cut to desired diameter. A galvanized clamp is placed on top. Elastic seal allows natural movement of antenna, pipe, etc.

The design of the roof of the bath, which we are talking about in our story, does not imply the presence of a valley (a groove formed by the intersection of the roof slopes), which greatly simplified installation. After the junctions, the valley is the second most difficult roof node. For sealing valleys in roofs soft tiles apply lining carpet from modified bitumen 3 mm thick, 100 cm wide and up to 10 m long, which is located in the center of the valley. It is fixed along the edges with roofing nails with an enlarged hat. They should be nailed so that the hat is flush with the lining layer, and does not crash into it. After installation of the lining carpet, they start laying bituminous tiles on the valley. It can be done in three ways: open, braided or closed.

For valley installation open way use a special roll material for valleys (valley carpet) from modified bitumen. It has on top a stone sprinkle of the same color as the main tile chosen for the roof. After laying the valley carpet, the tiles that overlap it are cut off along two lines drawn with chalk. They are led from the ridge to the eaves, departing from the axis of the valley in each direction by 15 cm. You should also cut off a 5-centimeter triangle from the upper corner of the tile sheet to direct water into the valley. Then, a 5 cm strip of special bituminous sealant is applied to the edge of each tile sheet and the tiles are nailed at a distance of 5 cm from the lines drawn in chalk.

Very beautiful (if the installation is done correctly) looks like a valley made by weaving. Tiles are installed over the intersection of the roof slopes. The last tile sheet is driven at least 30 cm to the opposite roof plane and additionally fixed with a nail in the upper corner. Before fastening with nails, the tiles are pressed tightly against the valley. The material should be nailed at a distance of at least 15 cm from the center line of the valley. This method of mounting the valley is the most difficult, since it is necessary to take into account the difference in the slopes of the slopes.

The closed valley method (with undercutting) is suitable for roofs with an inclination of more than 23°. The first row must be interlaced (go 25 cm or more onto the plane of the adjacent slope). At the edge of each sheet of tiles crossing the valley, an additional nail is driven in. After installing the roofing material, a line is applied with chalk at a distance of 5 cm from the center line of the valley on a covered slope. Next, tiles are nailed to the second slope of the roof, cut off along the chalk markings and a 5-centimeter triangle is removed from the upper corner of the tile sheet to direct water into the valley. The installation is completed by gluing the edge of each tile sheet adjacent to the valley, bituminous sealant.

Another area of possible roof leaks is located at the installation site roof window. To ensure the waterproofness of the roofing, a salary is used - a system of special gutters located around the perimeter of the window. The flashing is a drainage device that prevents rainwater and snow from entering the junction of the frame and the roof.

Problem areas when installing a roof:

1. Connection to the chimney
2. Valley
3. Place of installation of the roof window
4. Ventilation outlet
5. Skate
6. Bevel
7. Eaves overhang

The editors would like to thank KROVMASTER for their help in preparing the material.

NODE 1

1 - truncated initial row of tiles;

2 - the first visible row of tiles;

3 - cornice metal apron / gutter (installed with an offset of ~ 3 cm);

4 - bituminous mastic;

5 – waterproofing membrane(overlap transverse - 200 mm, longitudinal - 100 mm);

7 - fixing nail;

8 - waterproofing overlap zone;

9 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more.

Notes:

1. The truncated initial row of tiles is fixed along the lower edge with bituminous mastic, along the upper edge - with 4 nails (the axis of the nails is 5 cm below the upper edge of the strip);

NODE 2

3 - fixing nail;

4 - bituminous mastic;

5 - tile cutting line.

Notes:

NODE 2a

1 - waterproofing membrane;

2 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more;

3 - fixing nail;

4 - bituminous mastic.

Notes:

1. This method of laying the valley should be used when the slopes of the slopes forming the valley are equal;

2. A waterproofing membrane 1 m wide is used as a protective lining layer (50 cm in each direction from the valley axis);

NODE 2b

1 - board (width 20–25 cm);

2 - waterproofing membrane;

3 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) from 9 mm;

4 - fixing nail;

5 - bituminous mastic;

6 - single main element;

7 - double main element.

Notes:

1. This method of laying the valley is used when the slopes of the slopes forming the valley are equal;

2. When making a valley with this laying method, it is recommended to compare the angle with a board;

3. A waterproofing membrane 1 m wide is used as a protective lining layer (50 cm in each direction from the valley axis);

NODE 2v

1 - waterproofing membrane "Safety Color" with a granular protective layer;

2 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) from 9 mm;

3 - fixing nail;

4 - bituminous mastic;

5 - tile cutting line.

Notes:

1. A waterproofing membrane 1 m wide is used as a protective lining layer (50 cm on each side of the valley axis);

NODE 3

1 - the last row of tiles (brought to the ridge line, the protruding part bends over the ridge and is fixed on the opposite slope);

2 - cut out ridge element;

3 - fixing nail;

4 - thermoadhesive self-adhesive bitumen dots.

NODE 4

1 - gutter;

2 - the gutter fastening hook is long (the installation step is 0.3 / 0.6 m for copper / steel, respectively);

3 - apron S14 cornice, development 20 cm (installed with a protrusion of ~ 3 cm);

4 - waterproofing membrane (overlap transverse - 200 mm, longitudinal - 100 mm);

5 - bituminous mastic;

6 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more;

7 - frontal board;

8 - a bar 50x50 mm, installed along the rafters with a step of 0.3 m to provide the necessary ventilation gap between the crate and the insulation;

9 - rafter beam;

10 - drain funnel;

11 - vertical axis of the funnel.

Notes:

NODE 5

1 - apron S5 gable, development 20 cm;

2 - fixing clamp (installation step 30 cm);

3 - bituminous mastic;

4 - fixing nail;

5 - thermoadhesive self-adhesive bitumen dots;

6 - cut sheet of bituminous tiles;

9 - "wind" board;

10 - auxiliary bar.

Note: the upper corner of the tile sheet, suitable for the gable apron, is cut at an angle of 60° (50 x 30 mm).

NODE 6b

Installation of single aprons adjoining the roof to the wall

1 - apron S6 wall-mounted overhead sweep 15 cm;

2 - wedge-shaped bar-fillet;

3 - silicone sealant;

4 - thermoadhesive self-adhesive bitumen dots;

5 - fixing nail;

6 - waterproofing membrane;

7 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more;

8 - self-tapping screw with a protective decorative cap;

9 - cut out element closing the corner;

10 - bituminous mastic.

Note: this variant of the adjoining device can be used in the absence of the likelihood of movement of the roof structure (i.e. after shrinkage of the house) and is not used for adjoining the roof to brick pipes having a separate foundation.

NODE 7

1 - snow retainer;

2 - fixing nail / self-tapping screw;

3 - thermoadhesive self-adhesive bitumen dots;

4 - base for tiles oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm.

Note: fixing hole and the head of the nail / self-tapping screw is recommended to be sealed with bituminous mastic.

NODE 8

1 - a hole for an aerator 11 x 23 cm, cut through a solid wooden base of the roof;

2 - aerator sole;

3 – aerator cover;

4 - fixing nail;

5 - bituminous mastic;

6 - thermoadhesive self-adhesive bitumen dots;

Notes:

1. Aerator "Special" has an air outlet area equal to 132 cm 2 and is installed no further than 50 cm from the ridge line;

2. Cover hole 1 with an aluminum insect screen 17 x 29 cm.

NODE 8a

Installation of aerator "Standard" (with a slope of slopes of more than 60 degrees)

1 - a hole for an aerator 32 x 7 cm, cut in a solid wooden base roofing;

2 - aerator sole;

3 - material laid on the aerator cover;

4 - fixing nail;

5 - bituminous mastic;

6 - thermoadhesive self-adhesive bitumen dots;

7 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more.

Notes:

1. Aerator "Standard" has an air outlet area equal to 138.6 cm 2 and is installed no further than 50 cm from the ridge line;

2. Close hole 1 with an aluminum insect screen 38x20 cm.

NODE 9a

1 - rafter beam;

2 - bar 50x50 mm;

3 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more;

4 - insulation;

5 - steam diffusion membrane "Difbar";

6 - aluminum mesh from insects, width 20 cm;

8 - apron S8 ridge aerator, scan 5 cm.

Notes:

1. On the ends ("gables") of the ventilation ridge, it is recommended to install a metal gable apron S5, 20 cm development;

2. This version of the ventilation ridge device is recommended for buildings located in the forest, lowlands, in areas with dense buildings.

NODE 10

2 - waterproofing membrane, size 1x1 m;

3 - fixing nail;

4 - bituminous mastic;

5 - base for tiles: oriented strand board (OSB 3) or plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF) with a thickness of 9 mm or more.

Stage I: Draw the inner and outer contour through element. Cut a hole in the solid base of the roof along the inner contour of the passage element.

Stage II: Fix the passage element on a solid base with nails (15 cm step) and bituminous mastic. Apply bituminous mastic outer surface passing element.

Stage III: Lay tiles. Install the exit on the gate of the passage element, check the verticality of its installation and fix it with four self-tapping screws from the delivery set.

Notes:

1. Bituminous mastic is applied in strips 2-3 cm wide with an interval of 1.5-2 cm; layer thickness no more than 0.5-1 mm;

2. The cone of the antenna outlet seal is cut to the outer diameter; the antenna mast is fixed with a metal clamp.

NODE 10a

Installation of ventilation, sewer and antenna outlets on the finished roof

1 - passage element for ventilation, sewer and antenna outputs;

2 - bituminous mastic;

3 - self-tapping screw.

Stage I: Install the passage element on the finished roof and outline it along the internal contour. Cut a hole according to the outlined outline. Lubricate the installation site of the element with bituminous mastic.

Stage II: Press the passage element tightly and fix it to the roof base with screws 3. Ventilation, antenna and other outlets are attached to the passage element with self-tapping screws contained in the delivery set.

The flexible tile is good because it can be laid by one person, even without an assistant. This is possible thanks to light weight parts called shingles, and small size. The largest dimension of the shingle is a length equal to one meter. Roofing from soft tiles, the laying technology of which we will consider in this article, is a fairly simple matter, if you strictly follow the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer of the purchased bituminous tiles. The main thing during the construction of the roof is to prepare the most even surface on which soft tiles will be laid.

Rafters for a soft roof are made in the same way as for any other roofing material. But the crate needs a two-layer. The first layer - to give rigidity - is made of edged board. The second is to create flat surface- made of moisture resistant plywood or OSB board. The device of a roof from a soft tile can be carried out differently. If the roof is made over a building where its insulation is not provided, then the nodes of the roofing "pie" will look like this:

Layer of soft tiles.
Lining carpet.
Moisture resistant plate OSB or plywood.
Edged board trim.
Rafter.

The "pie" of the insulated roof, under which the attic will be equipped or simply warm attic, will be like this:

Soft tiles.
Lining carpet.
OSB or plywood is waterproof.
Cutting board.
counter grating
Waterproofing.
Rafter.
Insulation.
Vapor barrier.
Noise isolation or an additional layer of insulation.
Sheathing for interior lining.
Internal lining.

The interior lining is usually done with drywall sheets, followed by wallpapering. But, to the taste of the developer, it can be done with clapboard, plywood, chipboard boards or OSB ... The order of work may be different. If the climate or weather permits, then of course it is more convenient to start with a vapor barrier. Fix it with an inner crate, lay a layer of sound insulation and sew it all up inner lining. After that, calmly lay insulation between the rafters, pull on the waterproofing and secure it with a counter-lattice. Further, everything is done in the same way as in the case cold roof. A crate is mounted from an edged board, an OSB board or plywood is laid, a lining carpet is laid and bituminous tiles are glued. If the summer is rainy, then it is wiser to first lay the roof in this order:

Waterproofing.
Counter-lattice.
Plywood or OSB are waterproof.
Lining material.
Flexible tiles.

After that under protection finished roof you can do any work in the attic or in the attic. In more detail, the technology of the lathing device for soft roof discussed in the article: .

Instruments

To work with shingles, you need a fairly simple set of tools:

A hammer.
Cord.
Putty knife.
Metal scissors.
Roulette.
Sealant gun.
Roofing nails.

Laying technology, work procedure

By purchasing bituminous tiles, accessories and expendable materials, it is best to select them so that they are all from the same manufacturer. So it will be easier to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and the installation of a roof made of flexible tiles will not be as difficult as it seems at first glance. And the components of the roofing carpet will better "work" together.

Lining carpet

Underlayment is recommended to be laid over the entire surface of the roof. But if the slope of the slope is more than 18 °, then there is an opportunity to save a little. With such slopes, the lining material can only be laid along the perimeter of the roof - along the eaves, along the ridge, along the ends of the slope, along the outer bends of the roof, around the chimneys and ventilation outlets and in valleys.

metal slats

A fully completed insulated roof eaves assembly will look something like this:

The drip bar is mounted directly on the rafter beams under the waterproofing layer. Its mission is to protect wooden structures(rafters and wind board) from condensate formed in the ventilation duct and flowing down waterproofing material down . After installation lining material fasteners for gutters are nailed to the eaves, in which these gutters are installed. Then, along the entire length of the eaves, a cornice strip is nailed so that its lower edge is inside the gutter. Thus, the water flowing from the roof is removed into the drainage system, without falling on the wooden structures of the crate and on plywood or OSB boards. If the roof is supposed to be “cold”, which means that there will be no waterproofing, then the drip bar is not needed. Gutter system also an optional element. Then you can only get by with a cornice strip, which in such cases is sometimes also called a drip.

At the ends of the roof, on the gables, starting from the eaves, they impose an end or wind bar with an overlap of at least 20 mm.

Alternatively, in the valleys, it is possible to lay not a valley carpet made of the same material as the shingles, but a metal valley.

In nature, it will look something like this:

Installation of flexible tiles

If there are valleys in the roof structure, then first you need to lay a valley carpet or mount a metal valley. After that, you can start laying the main sheet of the soft roof. The installation of bituminous tiles begins with the laying of the cornice row. For this, it is used eaves and ridge tiles. If it was not on sale at the time of purchase, you can use an ordinary one by cutting off the petals. When laying soft tiles, follow the recommendations or instructions from the manufacturer.. In the valley, shingles can be laid in different ways:

As a result, it will look something like this:

Skate

Consider how you can make a ventilated ridge for a soft roof. His turn comes after the completion of laying the main sheet of shingles. In order for the air from the attic or from the ventilation ducts of the insulated roof to be able to escape into the atmosphere, when constructing the base, it is necessary to leave a distance in the ridge assembly between opposite roof slopes within 200–300 mm.

And so that moisture from rain or snow does not get under the roof, this gap is closed with its “roof”. To do this, you can use ready-made ridge elements, such as:

Fasten with screws or nails according to the manufacturer's recommendation:

Or you can make a ventilated skate yourself, as shown in this video: It can be seen here that along the upper edge of the slopes, perpendicular to them, bars with a section of about 50x50 mm are nailed. The step of the bars is determined by the thickness of the plywood or OSB board so as to prevent the "roof" of the ridge from bending. The width of such a "roof" can be assigned independently, within reasonable limits. A protective ventilation mesh is attached to the ends of the bars so that debris, insects and small birds cannot get under ridge knot. Finally, elements of ridge-cornice and ordinary tiles are attached to sheets of plywood or OSB boards. The result is shown in the photo below.

Alternatively, instead of a completely “breathing” ridge, it is possible to make the roof solid with the installation of ventilation hoods:

Subsequently, if the “power” of the ventilated ridge is not enough to ventilate the roof, special aerators can be placed on its surface, the attachment points of which are shown in the following video: On this, the roofing device can be considered complete.

Flexible bituminous tiles are quite popular. This is due to its unique operational characteristics. Among well-known manufacturers distinguish firms "Tegola", "Siplast" and "Shinglas". The bituminous tile is applied practically in any climatic conditions.

Instruments

Sheets or boards are laid parallel to the ridge and joined on the rafter board. At the same time, they make sure that several joints of sheathing sheets of adjacent rows do not work out on one board.

Preparatory work

At the end of the preparation of the base, a special lining carpet is placed on it with the sand side up. It can be purchased at the place of purchase of tiles. It simultaneously performs two functions: it levels the surface and gives it waterproofing properties. In addition, bituminous tiles, when using a lining layer, get better adhesion to the surface. It is nailed in increments of 20 cm.

Slopes with an angle of inclination up to 30 degrees are completely covered with roofing paper in several layers. In the second case, only overlap with a margin of 150 and 80 mm vertically and horizontally, respectively. The design of the ridge is carried out using a special ridge-cornice tile. It is divided into three parts by perforation and alternately nailed on both sides at the junction of the slopes. Before the procedure, remove protective film from the material.

Laying shingles: rules and features

When calculating the required amount of material, it is important to take into account certain nuances. For example, it is designed for roofing coverings, the angle of inclination of which is in the range of 15-85 degrees. The instructions say 45 degrees. Deviation from this indicator leads to an increase or decrease in the amount of consumed tiles. For example, than fewer topics more material is needed.

To achieve a high-quality result is possible only if the basic rules are observed:

the material is stored in closed packages indoors;
the lining carpet is saved in a vertical position;
manufacturers recommend installing bituminous tiles at a temperature of at least 5 degrees;
before laying the material in the cold season, it is first placed in a heated room (at least 24 hours).

Soft tiles are laid without using a burner. It is used for bituminous welded roofing. With inside The protective film is removed from the material, after which it is laid on the prepared coating. When the outside temperature is high enough, the adhesive surface of the shingles adheres tightly to the substrate without assistance. In cold weather, a hot air gun is used for a similar effect. Additionally, the material can be strengthened with the help of special glue.

Bituminous tiles in different packages may have different shade. Therefore, it is recommended to use a separate package for each slope. In the case when the area of the slope is large enough, several packages are used. The elements of the material are mixed, so that the shades are distributed evenly throughout the coating.

It is important to remember that when high temperatures tiles become soft and easy to mechanical influences(may deform). Therefore, in such conditions, work on the roof is moved using ladders or other devices.

Fastener material

Each individual tile element must be fixed separately. To do this, use screw or ruffed nails, as well as staples. The latter are used in the case when bituminous tiles are attached to the base without a lining layer.

Nails must be made of metal, pre-treated with anti-corrosion agents. 4 nails are driven into individual shingles at a distance of 2.5 cm from the sides and 14.5 mm from the bottom line of the tile.

Nails are driven in until their heads are at the same level as the shingles. If they protrude, the material laid above may be damaged, and if they are pressed in, moisture will accumulate in the recess formed, and the fasteners will collapse over time.

The intended purpose of bituminous glue is additional strengthening of material elements in difficult places: adjoining tiles to walls, on a ridge, in valleys. Also it is used at low temperature environment. Canned glue is smeared with the help of a special gun and squeezed out of the cylinders. If the temperature outside is low, then the bituminous glue is preheated (it hardens already at 10 degrees Celsius). The glued sheets are pressed with force to the base.

Gaunts

The first stage is fixing lining layer eaves and with the help of nails or screws. Nails are driven in in a checkerboard pattern along the entire length of the plank in increments of 10 cm.

After that, the shingle for the cornices is laid on top of the mounted plank. The installation of bituminous tiles in this case depends on its type. Some manufacturers recommend leaving a margin of 1 cm between the bottom edge of the shingle and the eaves. In other cases, an overhang of 1-1.5 cm of tiles is performed above the eaves. Often, manufacturers do not provide special cornice shingles. In this case, you should cut off the usual ones and lay out the first line of material on the cornice, gluing them end-to-end.

Installation of the material is carried out from the eaves. The shingles are laid from the midline of the slope on the sides (left and right). The second row is laid so that the interval between the lower edges of the cornice row and the second line is 1-2 cm. This will create a visually straight line when viewed from the ground.

If the house, the roof of which will be covered with shingles, is located in an area that is characterized by strong wind, then the spacing between shingles decreases. This will make the coverage more reliable.

How to achieve a beautiful roof?

Knowledge of the subtleties of the material and practical experience- what the shingles require. With your own hands you can organize an attractive design of the roof, but for this it is important to understand it design features. For example, when avoiding protruding roof elements, the distance between adjacent shingles should be a multiple of 1 m. This is done so that subsequent courses can be installed correctly.

Before proceeding with the laying of the material, a slope is drawn along the lining layer (litter) using ordinary chalk, its middle line is indicated. In addition, marks are made for every 4 rows of tiles. In the case when on the slope is chimney or other structural element, vertical lines are drawn from them. At observance of technology the roof from a bituminous tile will receive an esthetic and attractive look.

Ventilation

For the free exit of air from under the roof, holes are made in it, the diameter of which corresponds to the installed aerators. They are fixed with nails or glue. After that, tiles are laid on top of their aprons, the ends of which are cut out.

Skates and valleys

On the ridge, the shingles are cut along its line. After a ventilation gap has been made in the ridge, the upper edge of the roof is covered with ordinary or cornice shingles. It is important to remember that bending the shingle without warming it up can lead to the formation of cracks on it. Joints ridge cover they cover it with the roof, that is, they carry out their waterproofing.

It is also important to remember the need to waterproof the valleys: each shingle that falls on the gutter is cut and secured to the other side of the gutter with nails or glue.

Installation work is carried out in stages, in several steps, each of which is fundamentally important for the quality of the entire roofing system.

Preparatory work

No matter how reliable the soft roof covering is, the roof can “go” or leak if the fastening is done without competent training. Therefore, preliminary work before laying the roof is very important and should be carried out by professionals in several stages.

Creating a truss system

The rafters bear the main load from flexible tiles, so you need to make the right calculation, taking into account the weight of the roofing cake, wind and snow exposure.

Advice. Securely fasten the rafter legs, process wooden elements special protective equipment to improve the reliability of the design.

Vapor barrier device

After installing the rafters, it is necessary to lay vapor barrier film which will protect roofing cake and a condensate heater. The film is overlapped, and the resulting seams are glued with adhesive tape.

Warming

In order for the thermal insulation to hold securely, between rafter legs you need to nail a bar that will hold the insulation boards. Thermal calculation will help to choose the correct thickness of the insulation. Heat-insulating boards are laid apart, covered with a wind and moisture protective film, which is fastened with a counter beam.

Advice. The counter beam must be nailed parallel to the rafters to create a free ventilation duct to remove excess moisture from the under-roof space.

Installation of bituminous tiles should be carried out only on a flat solid base, which is preferably used as a crate and solid flooring made of moisture-resistant plywood or OSB. Boards are fixed with special galvanized nails.

After laying the base, preparation for the installation of a soft roof is completed - you can proceed to the main work.

Bituminous roof installation: materials used

When installing bituminous shingles, we recommend using high quality materials brand "IKOPAL", which are produced in accordance with European standards and certified according to Russian standards. To install a soft roof, you will need the following materials.

Roof covering includes:

SBS-modified with fiberglass backing with colored slate topping;
a ridge-eaves strip of a similar composition for arranging cornices, ridges, ribs;
valley carpet - a rolled protective material that is used to reinforce soft welded roofing in valleys and other vulnerable places;
lining carpet - roll waterproofing, the laying of which is an obligatory stage in the installation of the roof.

Advice. The lining carpet is laid over the entire surface of the roof from the bottom up parallel to the cornice overhang. Avoid wrinkling!

Additional components/materials

Metal slats adjoining, gable slats, droppers are needed to remove moisture from the edges of the roof, giving it a complete appearance.
Fastening bituminous tiles is impossible without special galvanized nails with a cap size of 8 mm.
Mastic and adhesive-sealant "IKOPAL" are used for sealing junctions, overlaps, other knots and seams.
Elements such as deflectors, under roof fans or pipe flanges ensure that ventilation systems on the roof.
The IKOPAL gutter system, which includes gutters, brackets, funnels, elbows, fasteners, allows you to efficiently drain outside water.

vapor barrier

The instruction for the installation of the roof indicates the need to create a reliable vapor barrier layer. As a vapor barrier, it is worth using a durable four-layer reinforced ICOPAL Polycraft membrane, which not only protects against condensate, but also effectively reflects heat, reducing energy costs.

Advice. Lay the vapor barrier with an overlap of 100-150 mm and seal with double-sided tape.

thermal insulation

Installation of bituminous tiles involves the use of such thermal insulation material as incombustible mineral wool density from 30 kg/m3.

Windproof membranes

ICOPAL Monarperm hydro-windproof membranes help protect the insulation from wind and water, which are laid on top of the thermal insulation without a ventilated gap.

Do not try to save on materials for bituminous roofing, since this will lead to a deterioration in quality and a decrease in the period of non-repair use of the roofing.

Laying roofing material: installation instructions

The preparatory measures have been taken, the foundation for the roof is ready - which means that you can proceed directly to the installation of flexible tiles.

1. We mount the lining carpet

First, we lay a special waterproof layer on a ready-made even base - the lining carpet "IKOPAL" K-EL or "Felix". We unfold it from the bottom up parallel to the cornice overhang, fix it to the base along the upper edge every 40 cm, along the bottom - every 10 cm. We seal the overlaps with mastic.

2. We mount the strips

On the lining carpet with roofing nails we nail the eaves and end strips along the zigzag markings. The overlap is 3-5 cm, the step between the nails is 10 cm.

3. We mount the cornice strip

We remove the protective film from the ridge-cornice strip, step back from the kink eaves plank 10-20 mm, fix the strip butt-to-butt. In places of perforations and along the edges we nail.

4. We mount the valley carpet

Carpet to protect the valley is mounted in two layers: the top one matches the color of the main coating, and an additional layer of lining carpet is used as the bottom one. It is fastened with nails in 20 cm increments. The valley carpet is laid in the direction of the axis of the valley with the edges fixed every 10 cm.

Advice. In order not to damage the valley carpet when cutting off the flexible tile, a plywood sheet should be placed under it.

5. We mount ordinary shingles

In order to avoid visual defects during the installation of a soft roof, it is recommended to mix the shingles from four or six packs before laying to balance the shade. After that, you can proceed directly to covering the roof with shingles.

Installation of the roof starts from the middle of the cornice overhang and moves towards the ends. To lay the first row, we retreat 1 cm from the lower edge of the cornice shingles and fasten the lower edge of the ordinary petals on this line, having previously removed the lower protective film from the shingles. Fastening is carried out with four or six (with a large slope) nails per shingle.

Advice. When using rectangular shingles, the number of nails should be increased to 5 per flat roofs and up to 7 on slopes with an angle of inclination greater than 45 degrees.

With further installation of ordinary tiles, we make sure that the petals of each subsequent row coincide with the cutouts of the previous one. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe ends, we cut the shingles along the edge, glue them to the end plank with mastic, and seal the seams with the appropriate adhesive.

Installation of tiles in hard-to-reach places

Particular attention and control is required for the installation of a soft roof in areas adjacent to a wall or chimney, in the area of openings for laying pipes, communications, and on a roof ridge. Failure to follow the laying technology in these places can damage the tightness and appearance coatings.

The main rule when installing installation passages or installing a soft roof on lifting strips when installing chimneys is to fix the shingles with bituminous mastic and be sure to seal the seams with IKOPAL glue-sealant.

For mounting ridge tiles use 25 x 33 cm ICOPAL Combi ridge and eaves strip tiles. The latter is laid parallel to the ridge, bending over the slope, then fixed with two nails on each side.

The overlap when laying ridge tiles should be 5-10 cm and cover the fasteners of each previous element. The final tile is fixed with mastic.

Advice. Dividing the IKOPAL ridge-cornice strip into separate tiles is easy: just break it into three parts in places with perforations.

Summary

Step-by-step instructions for installing flexible tiles will create a reliable, durable, beautiful roofing, which for a long time will protect the building from leaks and atmospheric influences.

The correct laying technology along with the use of quality materials from the manufacturer ICOPAL will ensure long-term preservation of the operational and aesthetic characteristics of the roof.

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