Landscaping England. English garden: landscape design in landscape style. Landscape design: how to create an English garden according to all the rules

An English garden is designed to make everything seem natural, to give room for reflection. English style appreciates naturalness. Landscape English style counts on maintaining a balance between the ceremony of the British, and wildlife, adding elements of romanticism and mystery to the landscape.

Making an English garden is real, even if you have not been to England. Correct Application colors, materials, decorative elements, fittings and plants will turn any garden into a well-groomed, stylish and impeccable place.

England's parks and gardens heritage

Our ancestors perceived nature as an unfriendly place. It was England that changed our attitude to our environment. They began to appreciate the world beyond the threshold of their home, realized the importance not only practically, but also aesthetically.

The English-style garden brought many details that seem banal to us.

Previously, the English estate included:

Pond - should have been in every English garden, however small and with winding outlines.

Hedge - such a fence was used so that the animals did not have the opportunity to come close to the house, and also not obscure the entire view of the area.

Hilly lawns - English landscape design is characterized by alternating plains and mounds. The hills reflect the natural landscape better than a flat field that looks dull.

Groves of trees - planted near the house. The trees looked great with the lawns on the hills.

Features of the English style

The English garden is all about old-fashionedness, naturalness of colors and materials, romanticism and attraction to antiquity. The English style landscape blurs the line between nature and modern progress. This is the success of the style, and its constant popularity.

First of all, the English garden is based on geometry that is not conspicuous. When viewed from above, the paths meet at one center, and rectangular shapes and the circles are combined to give the landscape a sense of order, completeness.

Elements that make the garden truly English:

1. Hedges and flower walls.

Avoid wild, overly lush borders.

The English landscape is geometric figures, like circle, oval, square and rectangle.

1. Several types of plants.

Monoconcept when choosing plants for a flower bed is the main feature of the English style. Don't plant everything, focus on 2-3 species, and use different shades of them. You should have a contrast between the variety of colors and the tranquility of the place around you.

1. The same elements in the decoration of the surrounding space and the house.

Repeating materials, like brick or stone, in columns, garden walls, fountains and pools will help to combine the garden and the house into one.

1. Lush flowering annuals.

They bloom for 4 months, which they cannot boast of. perennial or shrub. Use annuals in paths, along the edges, or in the center of the flower bed.

Tracks

It is hard to imagine an English garden without garden paths. The material for the tracks is simple and can be found in any household: tiles, bricks, gravel. The paths can be parallel to each other or single, then the ridges and lawns planted between them will be harmonious.

The main rule is to narrow the path if it leads to a secluded and cozy place, and make it wider if the path comes to an open place where people gather.

gravel path

English style design is a gravel garden path, it does not imagine high costs and the easiest to build. A limestone or stone border will give the path a finished look and allow it to fit into an English garden.

The English garden is characterized by paths made of stone, paving slabs. These materials are durable and do not require special care. The shape must be rectangular or square.

Paving slabs are decorative and will be a great addition to an English garden. It will last for several decades.

reservoirs

An English garden is unimaginable without water. In the gardens of England you can see a pond in the very depths of the garden, with benches around. The pond should not be deep, and a hedge should be planted near it or tall shrubs and perennials.

A classic English garden is a place for relaxation, so noisy waterfalls and fast streams of water are not suitable for it.

Perennial flowers, trees and shrubs in an English garden

In order to create the ease of an English-style landscape, you need to plant plants in layers. The tallest ones should be planted at the back, the lower ones should be in the middle, and the small ones on the edge. Observe color scheme. Choose either only cold shades (purple, white, blue, cool pink), or warm ones (orange, yellow, red). So you design a single concept of the English garden.

English people love romantic, old-fashioned flowers. An English garden cannot be imagined without roses (very popular varieties of David Austin), daylily, delphinium, mallow, peonies, foxglove, snapdragon.

An English park cannot be imagined without trees. For a hedge, yew, hornbeam is suitable, eastern thuja, boxwood, magnolia. They perfectly tolerate shaping and shearing, suitable for the formation of topiary figures. Will close the fence evergreen spruces, junipers, pines.

We create an English garden with our own hands

With 6 easy steps you can create an English style on any suburban area.

1. Plant several types of plants, only in large quantities.

For example, varieties roses New Dawn and William Baffin, which, due to their volume, can decorate large plots garden.

1. Create combinations of contrasting shades.

The English garden needs correct use colors. Lemon and yellow daylilies are in perfect harmony with purple and violet alliums.

1. Set a border.

It can be hedges, paths, bird feeders. They fit perfectly into the space, creating the entire integrity of the composition. Fences and wrought iron bars will separate one piece of the garden from another without blocking the entire view.

1. Highlight garden furniture.

In the landscape of the English style, instead of the colors we are used to - green, gray, brown, bold, bright colors that grab your attention. A red table and an orange bench will not let you get bored, even when nothing blooms on the site.

And do not forget about the old days - the older things look, the better they are.

Metal swings will add romantic touches to the garden. It is best to place them in a shady corner of the garden.

1. Concentrate on the inside view.

Secure climbing plants around columns and pillars. It will look very impressive, as if they will soar in the air. Stylized ruins and statues can be placed in an English garden.

1. The sun and partial shade go well with each other.

The English-style landscape features shade-loving hydrangeas planted near the north wall and succulents that love bright sunlight.

English style in decoration garden plot looks like individual frames from classic films about the life of England in the XVII - XIX centuries. It captivates with the predominance of relaxing green shades and natural beauty landscape. Once in such a place, you will certainly want to enjoy a cup of hot coffee on the terrace, and then take a leisurely stroll along the ornate paths leading into the depths of the garden.

Features of the English garden

Once on the site, decorated in the best traditions of prim Great Britain, you will definitely notice:

• landscape landscape, which repeats and emphasizes what was created by nature itself. No smooth paths or deliberately planned reservoirs;
• a large number of wild green spaces, in which a modest house and inconspicuous small architectural forms of white or gray stone. At the same time, the dominant is not the house, not some separate garden element, but the whole space in the aggregate, created by smooth natural lines and large quantity greens;
• paths and fences, lined with natural stone;
• barely noticeable signs of planting care. Bushes and crowns of trees have a natural look, mixborders give the impression that they have always been here. And only an evenly cut lawn stands out from the general picture;
• harmony and a well-balanced balance in color: after all, an English garden in landscape design is not without magnificent rose gardens and flower beds. Buds of various shades so authentically fit into the overall color scheme that it is difficult to imagine a picture without them;
• historical character, nostalgia for bygone times thanks to garden furniture with the effect of aging and graceful statues, reminiscent of the decor of past eras.

Such a view opened before the owners of the estates and landed estates of England. It is not surprising that the pastoral nature of the front lawn inspired writers and poets to create works imbued with romance and love.

History of appearance

England, XI - XVI centuries. It was at this time that the art of designing a site in the British style began to emerge. The first gardeners were Christian monks. They grew vegetables fruit trees and medicinal plants- what provided them with food and survival.

A little later, during the period of Henry VIII, the garden began to take on a different meaning. Here they rested, enjoyed an ensemble of flowers, walked along symmetrical paths and alleys. This is how the Tudor garden appeared, regular, with an aristocratic character.

In the 18th century, the British began to abandon pomp and geometric correct layout. In addition, the very nature of England favors the creation of landscape gardens. A new stage in the development of the English style begins, which has gained popularity in Europe and Russian Empire thanks to Catherine the Great and Alexander I.

Today, the British direction does not lose its relevance. It feels unity with nature, which is so lacking for residents of megacities.

English garden layout

loves in this direction large areas extending in front of the house. This is the foundation. But the owners of small plots should not despair: designers will repeat individual style elements even on a modest footage.

The main place is occupied by the lawn, on which the British like to walk. It is framed by trees and shrubs planted arbitrarily. The territory is cut by paths, along which rabatkas and flower beds are developed. Paths are good not only for walking alone or with someone. They divide the garden into several zones, offering a walk to a pond, a rose garden or a place for sports.

The non-strict arrangement of elements and architecture allows you to visually expand the space. The site seems more spacious, it is easy to breathe here. This layout also helps to highlight the features of rugged terrain with its ravines, hollows and hillocks. It is in this style that the terrain plays with new colors and opens up to the audience from a new side.

English device landscape garden good and that excavation in this case are minimal. Wherein landscape features territories form a single space in which every corner opens up a picturesque landscape.

Water

Owners garden plots, on which the natural reservoir is located, was lucky. To emphasize its origin, landscape designers it remains only to clear the shore a little and plant around the plant. A place to relax and admire the water surface is ready.

Creating an artificial reservoir requires patience and skill. After all, the garden in the English style repeats the natural outlines of nature. stone cladding the pond, if used, is certainly smoothed out by stormy vegetation, the chaotic placement of which leaves no doubt - the reservoir was created in the bosom of nature itself. thick green grass surrounds and streams, the murmur of which is so nice to hear after a hard day.

Gardening and plants

English gardens captivate with a colorful play of color with a predominance of green hues. They merge into one picturesque picture, making you feel real peace. Light midtones are smoothed out with more saturated and darker, bright flowers look impressive and at the same time harmoniously in the edging of variegated greenery.

Lush mixborders or rabatki of a non-strict form will meet you when you leave the house, will accompany you along the paths and in remote places of the site. Artemisia, daffodils, tulips, phloxes and, of course, roses are used for their decoration, without which gardening in England is inconceivable.

The floral ensemble pleases with colors throughout the season, since plants with different flowering periods are used to create it. Snow-white or pale yellow daffodils will not have time to bloom, as the space around will light up with the beauty of lush roses different shades. To give the space charm and a special character, it is enough to place a rockery or rocky garden, as well as varieties of alpine slides.

Behind the splendor of the flower beds are usually shrubs and trees. These elements of the landscape can also be planted as separate accents, emphasizing the untouched nature. The landscape style is filled with scents of lilac and jasmine. It is attractive with familiar crowns of larch, rowan, apple, spruce and weeping willow near the reservoir. The water surface is decorated with a bathing suit, cattail and forget-me-nots.

Paving and walkways

The paths are laid according to the natural curves of the terrain, repeating the irregularities of the natural landscape. Thanks to this, the network of paths looks asymmetrical and original. They wind and confuse everyone who decides to go along them to explore secluded places. And only near the house the paths have a straight and even geometry to match the outlines of the building.

Natural materials help to emphasize the love for nature when creating paths. First of all, the stone with its jagged edges. Plates different size and the forms are laid out on the sand or in the ground. AT last version grass fills the space between the stone slabs, telling about the prescription of the paths on the site.

Lawn

A special pride of style is neatly trimmed lawns. The most hardy are planted on them lawn grasses, creating a thick and dense cover on the lawns. This is a great place to relax on weekends and get-togethers in the evening.

The shape of the lawn is wrong. If the site has the correct geometry, then it can be preserved by shifting the focus with the help of ensembles of flowers and small architectural structures.

Garden decoration

The English landscape style of the garden is permeated with an atmosphere of aristocracy and love for the classics. It is created with the help of various sculptures, forged products, hanging pots and flowerpots. Statues depicting gnomes, Greek goddesses or animals are placed both surrounded by flower beds, where they are barely visible, and in open areas.

The history of the English style in landscape architecture is linked to the history of the country, as is the history of any other style of architecture. The first example of a landscape park of the British Empire was the Chiswick Landscape Park by the architect William Kent, created in the early 18th century. In the same century, the English style spread throughout the world, eclipsing the then popular French regular style.

Garden in the English style, many refer to the landscape or landscape, feature which is an imitation of the natural landscape, but this is not entirely true. Although the English style resembles untouched nature, it must be remembered that this style is aristocratic, like England itself. Not everyone is suitable for creating it - only classic ones: lush bushes, spreading trees and a dense emerald carpet, and this is not the whole list of what is required to create it. It is also worth remembering that not all sites will be able to create it.

To design the landscape design of the territory in the English style, you need enough large plot- at least 12 acres. Of course, and small area you can create a small corner in this style, but a full picture will be created only on large area. The site for creating an English landscape can be either flat or hilly (the relief of England is just hilly). In the second case, lawns should be created on flat areas, and hills should be leveled by creating low retaining walls.

This style does not tolerate negligence both in the design of the surface of the environment and in the choice of materials for small spaces. architectural forms. The clarity and symmetry inherent in the French style are absent here - asymmetry in plan, smooth lines, thick, but very correct form shrubs, recognizable plants and natural materials - these are the main features of a truly English garden.

Creating an English garden

The creation of any garden begins with the designation of zones. And only after zoning, you can start choosing materials for the garden. It is important to remember that school English design garden requires use natural materials: wood and stones.

If a house enters the garden creation zone, then it is worth giving the house an appropriate look: put climbing plants on the wall, and make the entrance area more intimate with the help of wooden or wrought iron arches with climbing roses, under which the material of manufacture of the house itself is barely visible, and the light of lanterns is scattered through them and gently illuminates the entrance area.

Deaf high fences are a taboo for landscape design in the English style. They are perfectly replaced by small wooden fences or twisted iron fences, which are combined with brick or stone masonry.

To create paths, you should pay attention to flat stones of sandstone, quartzite, shungite or quartzite sandstone. Good mechanical properties and laid down by right technology, such stones will not only provide a magnificent view of garden paths, but will also last a very long time. It is also allowed to use brick or stone chips discreet flowers. Such tracks are easy to do with your own hands.

Recreation areas in the form of benches or gazebos are made of natural materials, the use of metal is allowed. In this case, it must be forged or cast. The vertical walls of the arbors are covered with plants. Suitable for these purposes climbing roses, wild grapes, clematis or wisteria.

All plants should be noble and recognizable - ordinary-looking and little-known plants will not work for this style. From shrubs, you should choose the queen of flowers rose, lush lilac or garden jasmine. For southern regions suitable boxwood. When choosing perennials, pay attention to lavender, sage, delphiniums, anemones, geyhera, geraniums, hostas. Trees should also be chosen noble: decorative apple trees, maples or even chestnuts are suitable. Among the bulbs in the English garden, only the classics are also welcomed - tulips, daffodils. They need to be planted tightly to create density and splendor of color.

Sculpture for this style should also be chosen realistic, discreet. Appropriate will be hanging feeders or bird baths, which are easy to make with your own hands. They should not be placed in the most visible place, but slightly hidden from the eyes of garden guests - in the penumbra of spreading tree branches or slightly hidden behind the foliage of perennials.

If there is already one on the site, you can let it grow slightly, but you should not get carried away - the water should be clean and clear. If its creation is only planned, you need to remember that the shape of the reservoir should be natural, without vertical walls and sudden changes in depth. The shores of reservoirs can be laid out with stones, or they can be planted with moisture-loving plants, imitating a natural reservoir.

You should also pay attention to the choice lighting fixtures: an English garden is easy to spoil modern lamps. High forged lanterns with an openwork shade and soft light made in retro design. They should be placed along the paths and next to the benches.

English garden care

An English garden requires a lot of attention and care. This style is suitable only for those who have a lot of free time, energy and desire to constantly lawn and trim plants - or those who can afford to hire a gardener. Without proper care, this garden will lose its aristocracy and turn into an overgrown lawn. Even one unkempt plant can spoil the whole picture. What can we say about weeds or stones knocked out of the garden path ...

Conclusion

English landscape design is a style, noble and aristocratic, like the queen herself. It immerses the visitor in the world of unity with carefully preserved nature and reminds him of antiquity, history and the importance of preserving traditions. If these are not empty words for you, then the English garden style will suit you.

The British value above all in landscape design natural motives: randomly planted shrubs, sprawling trees, winding paths, lawns on the lawn and, of course, quiet ponds under the shade of a weeping willow. At the beginning of the 18th century, such a vision of the landscape even supplanted in Europe french style, with its symmetry, rigor and thoughtfulness. It is not surprising - in the English garden a person feels like a piece of nature, and not its master.

The starting point for creating an English-style garden is always flat, in open spaces without the slightest hint of figured outlines.

Although the style emphasizes the maximum proximity to nature, the lawn still slightly violates this rule - it must be neatly trimmed and cover the ground with a thick carpet. Thanks to this, your garden will be very well viewed from almost any point, and the plants, instead of being buried in the grass, will be able to reveal their beauty to the maximum.

Landscape design: how to create an English garden according to all the rules?

The English garden is surrounded by trees around the perimeter, the landscaping is replete with bushes and hedges growing in a free manner, the walls are curled with climbing plants. Many lawns are randomly scattered across the lawn, a path naturally winds between them. English landscape design is practically devoid of artificial structures, for example, the same rock gardens - except that the area is really rocky and natural motifs suggest the presence of stones. If you really want to put a gazebo in the garden, try to land around it, for example, parthenocissus so that he curled the structure with his young shoots.

The English style in landscape design emphasizes the desire to merge with the nature around it, therefore it is acceptable if the boundaries of the garden slightly violate plants from the outside, for example, the branches of a forest growing nearby will spread over your hedge. The house should be, as it were, on the sidelines or harmoniously enter the composition. This can be easily achieved with the same climbing plants braiding the wall of the house overlooking the garden. As many bright flowers as possible should be planted near the house, in maximum density to each other - rainy England is immersed in bright greenery and flowers, why are we worse?

In dry areas of your garden, this effect is easily achieved with drought tolerant plants. The easiest way is to plant a ground cover periwinkle and barberry bushes, which are very undemanding to moisture. In shaded areas, it will be best to feel, which in this case will fit perfectly into natural motives. In the depths of the garden will be out of place bright colors- should maintain an advantage here deciduous plants reign peace and quiet.

English style in landscape design - create a pond and plant vines!

Avoid straight lines, strictly defined ovals or squares. If the area of ​​​​your site allows you to create small pond, which is one of the most striking details in the English style, make it completely indistinguishable from a natural body of water . Lilies and water lilies will emphasize unity with nature, and weeping willow will create an atmosphere of peace and quiet. English style allows benches in the nooks and crannies of your garden, landscaping will not suffer from this.

A flat terrace outlined by a wall of two or three bricks of orange stone will look very good in front of the house. On such a wall they fit very harmoniously garden lights and vases with flowers. It also does not hurt to decorate the window sills of the house with hanging flowerpots with the same petunias. Plants for the garden and home are selected any, depending on your preferences and climate, the main thing is the observance of natural motives.

The minimum of artificial structures that is allowed in an English garden should also follow the main rule of style - everything should look natural! Therefore, if you want to install an arch, make sure that vines curl it as soon as possible, if you need to make a border - let it be natural stone. You can make paths from saw cut wood or gravel - but try to avoid straight lines and clear boundaries, let them dissolve into the lawn. A bridge with openwork handrails will fit very well in landscape design. You can apply this decoration element even if you don't have a body of water - under the bridge you can drop shade-loving plants.

Now the English style in landscape design is used quite widely, it is also called landscape. Designers love the combination of simplicity and at the same time elegance, because such a garden gives such an impression. An example of one of the ideas for landscape design in the English style is shown in the photo.

A distinctive feature of gardens in the English style is natural naturalness and accuracy. When choosing this style for your summer cottage, you should take into account some details, such as the type of landscape, climate and soil, which should be suitable for classic plants that are planted in gardens of this type.

Often in the gardens you can see some kind of symmetry, according to which they are planted, fruit crops and trees. So, one of distinguishing features English gardens are the complete opposite of ordinary ones, that is, they are dominated by deliberate asymmetry, but always with smooth transitions.

English style garden design will take you back in time old england, the image of which will be recreated on your site. Stepping onto the porch of the house, you seem to find yourself on the territory of an old English manor or estate. It will serve as a great source of inspiration for writers, musicians and artists. And certainly - a place of harmony and tranquility for people tired of the bustle of the city and worldly problems.

Details that are necessary to create the right atmosphere

• In a classic English garden, there must be a bench, and if the site is large, then several benches. Install them along the paths. Their style should be appropriate: soft, smooth lines and various decorative weaves of details.

• plot in the English style suggests the presence of a small pond, the view of which opens from anywhere in the plot (from the bench, from the window, when walking along garden paths). Around the reservoir, it is necessary to plant various moisture-resistant plants that will be picturesquely reflected in the water surface. It is desirable to run water lilies or water lilies on the surface of the pond.

It is imperative to take care of the reservoir so that the water in it remains fresh and transparent, and does not fade. Duckweed, of course, should be present in the pond, but it should not be too much.

In order to prevent the water from becoming rotten, as well as to control the balance of algae (duckweed and others), fish are launched into the pond, which eats excess vegetation and prevents the water from becoming rotten. Suitable species such as silver carp, grass carp, crucian carp, carp, tench, loach. If you do not like the option of launching fish, you will have to put a filter on the pond.

The shores of your reservoir can be laid out with stone borders, or you can leave natural earthen ones. Be careful that over time they do not crumble and thus create additional problems.

• Antique lanterns (or stylized antique ones). An English garden should not have any modern details (for example, lanterns that accumulate light during the day). Otherwise, you will spoil the whole atmosphere of the English style in landscape design, which has been worked on for so long.

Lanterns should be dug along the paths and, of course, next to the benches.

• A weeping willow whose branches bend over the water in a pond. If your pond is too small, this is no reason to refuse to plant a traditional tree. There is dwarf varieties willows, which are just right for this situation.

• The division of the garden occurs with the help of small paths, which can be created using sand fill, pebbles, crushed stone or masonry.
• The English style in landscape design involves the presence of a lot of greenery and flowers around the house, so that the house is “immersed” in plants.

Therefore, in order to recreate the landscape design of a summer cottage in the English style, you need to choose various flowers and plants of different nature (and sun-loving, and shade-tolerant, and unpretentious to everything), because they will have to grow in different parts of the site, where the conditions are different.

Good for decorating flower beds following flowers: tulips, daffodils, roses, peonies, decorative daisies, echinacea, bluebells, astilbes and delphiniums.

The clubs are planted densely enough to create a density and richness of flowers. In England, everyone is very magnificent.

1. Another traditional feature of the English-style garden is the lawn, which must be carefully maintained. The British have long been famous for their perfectly smooth green lawns that impress tourists. It was England that became the ancestor of the "green carpet" in the yard. So, remember that English-style landscaping of a summer cottage will not be traditional if you ignore the lawn clause.

Decorative details in "home England"

No landscape design is complete without some of its distinctive elements. For example, in country style, such details are antiques: barrels, carts, and everything that can be found in a barn or in the attic.

The English style is distinguished by forged objects: a bridge across decorative pond will look very impressive. If you look at English-style landscaping projects, you can see that old bicycles have been used for decoration lately.

Flower tubs are placed on their seats and steering wheel, the shoots of which hang down beautifully and weave along the spokes of the wheels. This idea has already been liked by many gardeners and has been successfully implemented on their plots.

On a summer cottage in the English style, a gazebo will look great - both wooden and forged. It is desirable to shoot Isabella grapes along its walls, which during the fruitful period will emit a soft heady aroma.

They hang on the porch decorative planters in which geranium, petunia, pelargonium are planted. These plants have long branches and bright flowers, which is why they are a favorite with designers.

When creating an English style in landscape design, try to avoid details that stand out from the crowd. Everything should be measured and harmonious, clearly combined with each other and together represent an integral composition.

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