Carbamide against pests. Types of chemicals. Preparing the solution and spraying the garden

An experienced and enterprising gardener always takes care of his plants so that they bring the maximum useful fruits. In order to carry out excellent prevention or elimination of tree diseases, spraying with urea in autumn period.

Urea as a substance and its action

Urea or Carbamide is a concentrated nitrogen fertilizer (46%) in the form of odorless white crystals, which is used both for spraying trees and for watering, feeding, planting plants, including garden ones. Its active substance is nitrogen, which not only promotes the growth and development of plants, but also destroys their pests, prevents fruit rotting.

What gives the autumn treatment of trees with fertilizer?

The onset of cold high humidity, which is accompanied late fall, are the optimal environment for the formation of infections and diseases of fruit trees in your garden. To prevent this, it is necessary to carry out the autumn treatment of the garden with urea in the form of spraying.

Cherries, sweet cherries, apricots, and especially apple, pear and plum trees need to be processed not only for obvious pests, but also for prevention purposes. This will provide your trees with not only health, but also strength for wild flowering and a large set of fruits in the spring.

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Treating your garden trees with urea in the fall will eliminate or prevent such diseases:

Fungal infections;
Scab;
spotting;
putrefactive diseases;
Pests living and wintering in tree bark, etc.

Rules for the autumn spraying of the garden with nitrogen-containing fertilizer

The best time is late autumn. Urea, as a highly concentrated nitrogen-containing fertilizer, should be used for the prevention and destruction of pests. late autumn, i.e., when the leaf fall is in the second stage or has already ended. The approximate month of this stage is the beginning-end of November, depending on climatic latitudes.

More early processing garden trees in autumn, urea can lead to tree burns, premature fall of foliage, which will affect their vulnerability to frost and low nutrient intake.

Dry calm weather is preferred. A process such as spraying garden trees with nitrogen-containing urea requires both the absence of wind and dry weather. First, it will provide maximum effect, which will not be carried away by the wind and will not be washed away by precipitation. Secondly, it is much safer for your health and your possibly yard animals, because the composition of the fertilizer includes pesticides.

Preparing trees for processing. This applies mainly to trees older than 6-10 years, and which have obvious bark diseases. Before processing them, remove the diseased and affected areas of the bark with the help of hands or a metal brush, spatula. This will provide, when spraying, direct access to the site of the lesion, as well as accumulations of insects.

As for the foliage, even affected by diseases, as unnecessary, it is not recommended to remove it and is also subjected to processing. In the spring, the processed foliage will become an excellent fertilizer, a kind of compost for trees.

Spray solution preparation. The difference between urea, as a top dressing and medicinal product, in the preparation of its solution. So, for the destruction of diseases and pests, a very concentrated solution is prepared per 10 liters of water, at least 500 g of fertilizer, and preferably 500-700 g.

Wood processing scale. Under the treatment with urea in the fall, the entire crown of the tree should fall completely, i.e. small spraying is used, which will maximally destroy existing problems and prevent possible diseases.

Safety. Take care of your health and use all the necessary protection for working with chemical fertilizers: a respiratory mask or a thick gauze bandage, rubber gloves, goggles, etc. Wash your hands and face at the end of work, and also send work clothes and shoes to the launderer.

And some secrets...

Have you ever experienced unbearable joint pain? And you know firsthand what it is:

inability to move easily and comfortably;
discomfort when going up and down stairs;
unpleasant crunch, clicking not of their own free will;
pain during or after exercise;
inflammation in the joints and swelling;
causeless and sometimes unbearable aching pain in the joints ...

Now answer the question: does it suit you? Can such pain be endured? And how much money have you already "leaked" for ineffective treatment? That's right - it's time to end this! Do you agree? That is why we decided to publish an exclusive interview with professor Dikul, in which he revealed the secrets of getting rid of joint pain, arthritis and arthrosis.

A very interesting video that describes the whole process of spraying trees with urea:

Urea, or urea, is a chemical compound, diamide of carbonic acid. The substance is represented by white crystals, soluble in polar solvents in the form of water, ethanol and liquid ammonia. If it is necessary to share urea with other fertilizers, pH indicators must be taken into account.

Urea properties

This fertilizer is amide form nitrogen is the most concentrated of the known nitrogen-containing fertilizers. The granular form has excellent physical characteristics, including the absence of caking and the preservation of friability even after long-term storage. Excellent for root and foliar top dressings, and is also part of the most effective complex top dressings.

When applied to the soil, urea dissolves and turns into ammonium carbonate, which is an unstable compound that decomposes in air to ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia. The resulting ammonium is gradually absorbed by horticultural and horticultural crops, after which no acid or alkaline residues remain.

Indications for use

Urea is recommended to be used as the main fertilizer on any type of soil and for a variety of fruit and berry plantations and vegetable or green crops in the garden. As a rule, urea is used in the following cases:

nitrogen starvation, which is manifested by a lag in growth and development, yellowing of the leaves, weak flowering, lack of ovaries;
insufficient fruit formation, as well as deformed appearance fruits or their shedding.

Garden processing and top dressing horticultural crops should be done in the morning or evening. standard instruction preparation of the solution involves the dissolution of 30-40 g of urea in 10 liters of water. Features of application, consumption rate depend on the type of soil.

It is important to remember that spraying fruit and berry plantations with urea can slow down the growing season, which helps protect the ovaries from death. in early spring. That is why such an event is recommended as one of the mandatory when cultivating early ripe stone fruit varieties. Spring treatment of garden plantings against diseases and pests with urea must be carried out in a timely manner.

Preparation for processing and processing

During spring flowering apple, plum and pear plants are recommended to be treated with urea. Such an event is very effective in order to prevent damage to garden plantings by leafworm caterpillars, aphids, sucker and apple flower beetle. Before processing, plants should be properly prepared.

Immediately before processing, it is required to carry out sanitary pruning and remove all diseased or affected areas of the bark by cleaning them with a spatula or a metal brush. Such preliminary preparation will be able to ensure direct contact of the solution with the affected area or the accumulation of insect pests during the spraying process.

Fertilizing horticultural plantings

Carbamide, or urea, is deservedly one of the most popular and valuable fertilizers, due to the high content of easily digestible forms of nitrogen. This type of fertilizer can be applied separately or combined with other nutrient formulations, used for root and foliar top dressing precisely in those periods when horticulture needs this event the most.

After determining the type of soil, you should turn your attention to the botanical features and the stage of development of the crop.

The application of fertilizers at the stage of sowing or planting is carried out directly into the furrows or planting holes. However, in this case, a prerequisite is the use of a soil layer, which will help to avoid a decrease in performance as a result of direct exposure to ammonia.

For foliar feeding vegetable crops a nutrient solution is used based on 9–15 g of granules diluted in 10 liters of water. As a rule, 55-60% of the amount of urea required for plant nutrition is applied in the autumn, and the remaining 40-45% should be applied in the spring.

Also, urea has proven itself very well as a top dressing for seedlings of most garden crops. In this case, the standard solution is used about two weeks before the young plants are planted on permanent place. Thus, urea is the most effective and affordable means in terms of cost and use.

Autumn cares in the garden are completed only after the snow falls. But until then, you have to take care of fruit trees and berry bushes. In winter, along with fallen leaves, pests also tend to leave. Behind summer period there are quite a lot of them.

Some grew on the site itself, others were brought by the wind. Under the leaves, they can hide until spring, so that later, with the advent of heat, they begin to harm the gardener.

Novice gardeners often ask the question: “Where to start processing trees and shrubs?”

The to-do list is quite extensive. With the onset of autumn in the garden, it is necessary to perform the following types of work:

Carrion cleaning

Cleaning is performed in the following sequence.

Choose a certain tree or bush, roll up a garden cart.
Collect all fallen fruits and berries, put in the back.
After clearing the area under one plant, they move on to another and carefully select the carrion.
After filling the body, the collected cargo is taken out of the garden.
For disposal, they dig a hole up to 1 m³ in volume.
Grass or hay is thrown at the bottom of the pit. Layer thickness up to 10 cm.
Pour the carrion into the pit in layers. Try not to make thick layers. It is desirable to have no more than 7 ... 8 cm.
Sprinkle with slaked lime on top. Some gardeners recommend using and quicklime, it will extinguish itself, being in a humid environment. The amount is calculated as follows, for 1 kg of fruits and berries you need 10 g of lime.
Having poured 3 ... 4 layers, weed grass or hay is shifted. Such an arrangement will allow aerobic bacteria to exist in the pit, as well as earthworms, they smell carrion and will gather in the pit. You can also throw two or three dozen worms to activate processing.
For the winter, the pit is only slightly sprinkled with a layer of up to 5 ... 7 cm of soil. Moisture will collect here, the process of decay will occur faster.

In the recommendations of foreign authors, one can find a proposal to introduce nitrogen fertilizers into such a disposal pit. Everything is present in fruits and berries necessary components to obtain high-quality humus in the future. But the additive ammonium nitrate or urea will not be superfluous, you can add in the amount of 3 ... 5 kg / m³.

By spring, the bulk of the removed carrion will be processed by microorganisms and soil animals, but the resulting humus can only be used a year later, next autumn. In the spring, you can add weeds, which will also turn into humus.

leaf cleaning

After disposal of the carrion, you should pay attention to the leaves fruit trees and shrubs. In autumn, many gardens begin to burn leaves, but when they burn, they poison not only the air. The organic matter accumulated over the summer will turn into ashes (ash). The bulk of the biomass will be lost.

A zealous owner uses fallen leaves to increase soil fertility. To start the process, you need to mix them with the soil. During the residual warm days autumn and early winter, they will form the same leaf humus that is used to grow seedlings of vegetable plants.

Dig a small trench.
Water it with a solution of urea or ammonium nitrate.
Lay down the leaves.
Sprinkle it with soil.

Process of processing by soil bacteria and animals is started. By spring, instead of leaves, humus will be collected in the trench, which can be used in the technology of growing a variety of plants.

Tree trunk cleaning

A metal brush is used. To get as high as possible, the brush is fixed on a long stick.

Some gardeners make a special brush that is attached to the chuck of an electric drill. With the help of power tools, processing is much faster. The main thing is not to damage the surface of the tree trunk.

Attention! When working with a steel brush with a drill, you only need to lightly touch, do not press, so as not to destroy the epidermis.

Information for gardeners. If damage has occurred, then the wound can be treated. Selling garden var. But you can use a regular wood primer.

The wound is smeared thin layer. The solvent and binders present in it disinfect the wound and help in healing the damage. Color does not play any role, the main thing is to process within 45 ... 60 minutes.

It is advisable to collect everything that has fallen from the trunk. It is advisable to burn the collected particles, as they retain the eggs of fruit pests.

autumn pruning

The formation of the crown must be performed before treatment with solutions. Anti-aging pruning is carried out at least 1 time in three years. If there are young seedlings, then pruning is done every year.

First of all, fattening branches (tops) are removed. They are directed above the crown, they do not have stalks. Such branches take a significant amount of nutrition, but there is no increase in productivity from them, and there will not be.
Then the crown is cleaned of branches that grow incorrectly. They can thicken the crown, which complicates maintenance and makes it difficult to harvest the fruit.

Only after completion of all the above operations, you can proceed to subsequent processing.

Solutions for autumn garden processing

Various preparations are used for spraying shrubs and trees in the garden. Each of them fights certain pests. Along the way, some help to increase the yield in the future.

Fixed assets used for processing skeletal branches and stems:

urea, a nitrogen fertilizer that kills insects and arthropods, has a detrimental effect on fungal spores;
copper sulfate is a versatile fungicide. Pathogenic microflora in the presence of this substance stops development completely;
ferrous sulfate is an analogue of copper sulfate, but has another selective effect, it destroys a number of mold species that survive when treated with other fungicides;
Bordeaux liquid is a complex of different preparations used to protect plants.

You can use any one tool, but it is more efficient to create a working mixture of several drugs. Then, with a single treatment, a greater effect is achieved.

Urea (urea)

Urea with (NH₂)₂CO contains up to 46% of assimilable nitrogen, which is one of the three most important preparations for all plant species. Solutions with a concentration of 5 ... 7% are used, preparation: 10 liters of water are diluted with 500 ... 70 g of urea.

(NH₂)₂CO burns out fungal spores, as well as insects and caterpillar eggs. In addition to fertilizing the garden, they achieve complete disinfection in the garden.

In addition to the crown, they process trunk circles. In spring, the effect of processing is manifested, shoots grow quite quickly in spring, shrubs and trees quickly dress with leaves.

blue vitriol

CuSO₄ - copper sulphate is used for prevention in the garden and in the garden, as well as for the destruction of putrefactive bacteria. It is detrimental to the pathogenic environment. Treatment with this drug helps to get rid of fungal diseases and dangerous species mold.

In the garden in the fall, they are most often used in the form of a one percent solution; for preparation, 100 g of the substance is diluted in 10 liters.

inkstone

Iron vitriol is an antiseptic that inhibits rot, mold and fungal infections. Along the way, it is a fertilizer that provides plants with iron.

With a lack of iron, the leaves begin to turn yellow, the shoots die off. Fruit trees (pears, apples, cherries and others) need annual feeding in the form of iron sulphate. Processing will be useful in the garden, ferrous sulfate Fe₃ (SO₄)₂ is useful for tomatoes, cabbage, potatoes.

To remove lichens and moss, treatment with a five percent solution is needed. 500 g of Fe₃ (SO₄)₂ are diluted in 10 liters of water. Mix thoroughly until completely dissolved.

Bordeaux liquid

Bordeaux liquid is sold in the form of concentrates. It is effective against many pests. The composition includes: copper sulfate and slaked lime. Spraying such a solution is more difficult. Lime is a colloidal solution that has suspended particles. Therefore, the spray is regulated so that clogging of the spray nozzles does not occur.

Preparing the solution and spraying the garden

Garden processing can be done using only one of the components. But gardeners with solid experience offer several schemes for combining different drugs.

Cooking is carried out in a ten-liter container:

urea is 350 g;
copper sulfate - 300 g;
iron sulfate - 200 g.

All components are mixed and thoroughly mixed. When urea dissolves, the temperature of the liquid drops sharply, so it is preheated to 60 ... 65 ° C.

In a well-kept garden, shrubs and fruit trees will become healthy and fruitful if they are properly prepared for the new season. In addition to whitewashing trunks with pruning, necessary condition will be nitrogen-containing spraying, the main component of which is urea. Nitrogen irrigation of trees performs several functions simultaneously.

When working with urea in the fall, remember:

urea is organic fertilizers, but their composition is determined by mineral nitrogen-containing components;
it is a fast-acting concentrate, the properties of which remain for a long period;
fertilizer quickly disappears, therefore, it requires irrigation of the soil directly, including greenhouse and greenhouse;
the connection is effective in waterlogged areas;
biologically active soil retains more nitrogen than alkaline or neutral soil media;
nitrogen-containing dressings are more effective and safe for the garden in the autumn, when the foliage does not burn when the concentration is violated;
urea slows down vegetation, delaying flowering from fatal to the ovary spring frosts. This will have a fruitful effect on the preservation of early-ripening varieties of plums, peaches and apricots, and the fruit trees themselves retain emerging buds;
after spraying in the fall die garden pests, as well as eliminate various diseases garden crops;
after connecting with the ground, carbamide turns into ammonium carbonate;
nitrogen-containing compounds do not accept compounds with chalk, lime and simple superphosphates;
urea helps to get rid of old stumps, provokes their rapid decay;
autumn treatment of the garden with nitrogen concentrate protects garden plants from early frosts.

How to improve productivity?
We are constantly getting letters in which amateur gardeners are worried that due to the cold summer this year, a poor harvest of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year we published TIPS about this. But unfortunately, many did not listen, but some still applied. Here is a report from our reader, we want to advise plant growth biostimulantswhich will help increase the yield by up to 50-70%.
Read...

Pest Elimination

Carbamide is effective against purple spotting, monilial burn, scab, and other dangerous diseases for garden and fruit crops. For the composition, 500 g of nitrogen-containing fertilizer should be diluted in 10 liters of water. The foliage is irrigated with a solution, which will provoke the inhibition of the infectious agent, as a result, they will stop multiplying. The same concentrate should be poured over the fallen leaves in which the insects intend to overwinter.

Seasonal processing of fruit trees

The second procedure for protecting fruit trees from the invasion of aphids or other infectious agents is carried out during the period when ants appear in the grass under the trees. In order not to be left without a crop, trees should be prepared:

Dig up the ground around the trees, remove damaged branches, whitewash the trunks.
Spraying the garden is best done on a windless sunny day. If the heat has already set in, work should be moved to the early or evening hours.
enjoy ready solution Wear protective clothing, gloves, goggles and a mask.
For more effective fight with insects, 700 g of nitrogen fertilizer are combined with 50 g of copper sulfate and diluted with 10 liters of water. Such treatment is useful for the destruction of pests, fertilizing the soil.
For spraying very tall trees gardeners recommend using a sprayer.
When processing the crown, do not spare the composition, it is harmless to plants.

Organize the next spraying of the garden during the flowering period, and then after the fruit set.
If the concentrate was washed away by precipitation, it is necessary to repeat the nitrogen irrigation.
For root dressing of cherry and plum crops during the period of fruit ripening, 120-150 g of fertilizer is diluted per 10 liters of water; for apple trees, a solution of 250 g of crystals is prepared for the same volume of water.

When adding carbamide under the trunks, it is necessary to carefully fill the holes with water.

If trees are added organic feeding, urea rates are reduced by almost half.

The optimal time for nitrogen irrigation is late autumn

Treatment of garden trees with carbamide in an earlier period threatens the trees with burns, premature fall of foliage, which will affect their frost resistance or insufficient nutritional content.

A dry and calm day is suitable for the spraying process. The procedure in such weather will give a greater effect.

In late autumn, to prepare 6-10 year old trees for neutralization, clear signs of bark damage should be eliminated. To do this, manually clean the infected areas with a metal brush. This will allow you to spray the affected area, and save the trees from the insects that have gathered to winter on them.

Moreover, even for diseased discarded foliage, treatment with such urea is mandatory. Gardeners recommend subjecting it to the same thorough spraying. In spring, the remains of overwintered foliage will become additional compost for fruit crops.

Irrigation solution of urea for top dressing is less concentrated than for disinfecting purposes. For compiling medical composition should be diluted to 700 g of granules of preparations in a 10 liter container with water.

Features of nitrogen prevention in the fall

The entire canopy of the tree should be sprayed with urea, and thorough irrigation is necessary to ensure the destruction of existing lesions, and also prevent subsequent reproduction of the infection.

Safety

Processing with nitrogen-containing compounds requires compliance with safety instructions. Helps maintain health special protection: respiratory mask, which can be replaced with a thick gauze bandage; protective glasses; rubber gloves. After work, wash hands and face, wash work clothes, and clean shoes.

Treatment with urea garden plot autumn

And a little about the secrets of the Author

Have you ever experienced unbearable joint pain? And you know firsthand what it is:

inability to move easily and comfortably;
discomfort when going up and down stairs;
unpleasant crunch, clicking not of their own free will;
pain during or after exercise;
inflammation in the joints and swelling;
causeless and sometimes unbearable aching pain in the joints ...

Now answer the question: does it suit you? Can such pain be endured? And how much money have you already "leaked" for ineffective treatment? That's right - it's time to end this! Do you agree? That is why we decided to publish an exclusive interview with Oleg Gazmanov, in which he revealed the secrets of getting rid of joint pain, arthritis and arthrosis.

Attention, only TODAY!

Apply on your site chemical substances or try to grow organic products - this dilemma haunts many gardeners. The majority prudently chooses the golden mean, and the spring processing of the garden with blue vitriol becomes one of the first measures to combat diseases and pests in the new season. Why is spraying so important? First, let's figure out what these drugs are.

Description of drugs and their effect on plants

Copper sulfate and urea act differently on plants. It depends on their chemical composition.

Copper sulphate is called copper sulfate, each molecule of which attaches five molecules of water to itself. In horticulture, it is used in the form of an aqueous solution as an antiseptic and fungicide - a substance that is used to combat fungal plant diseases. This drug is contact, that is, it does not penetrate the tissues, but acts only on the surface.

Copper sulfate belongs to the class of low-hazard substances, but when working with it, safety precautions must be observed: wear a respirator, protective clothing and goggles.

Urea () represents chemical compound, containing 46% nitrogen, and is used as. Soil bacteria decompose it to ammonia and nitrates. In this form, it is absorbed by plants. Nitrogen is one of the main plant nutrients. The use of nitrogen fertilizers dramatically increases the yield of all crops. But excess nitrogen harms both humans and nature, so the dosage should not be exceeded.

Apply this fertilizer both in dry form, plowed into the soil, and in the form of an aqueous solution. Spraying with a solution of urea is a popular top dressing among gardeners, since nitrogen in liquid form is absorbed by plants much faster than in dry form and practically does not enter the soil, thereby creating excess nitrates in it.

Why spraying is necessary in early spring

Biologists and agronomists identify several reasons at once why the treatment of the garden with urea should be carried out in early spring:

In the garden, the need for nitrogen in trees occurs at the very beginning of the growing season and continues until mid-summer. But the soil in early spring has not yet warmed up and natural processes microbiological formation of nitrates in it are suppressed. Therefore spraying nitrogen fertilizer to replenish nitrogen reserves is necessary during this period.
Spraying the garden helps to get rid of many pests wintering in the bark - aphids, apple red mites, moths, flower beetles, glass cases, leafworms and others. To do this, use a concentrated solution of urea - at least 700 g per bucket of water. Before the leaves bloom, this concentration is completely safe for the tree.
With the onset of heat, they are activated fungal diseases fruit trees - powdery mildew, scab, and others. These diseases are easier to prevent than to treat a weakened tree. Early spring spraying a five percent solution of copper sulfate will help suppress fungal spores.

Such high concentrations of copper sulfate and urea for trees can only be used before the leaves appear.

It is possible to spray the garden with a solution of copper sulphate only before bud break in order to avoid burns. After the start of the growing season, Bordeaux mixture is used.

How to prepare a garden for spraying

Before the spring treatment of the garden with urea with copper sulfate, it is necessary to prepare the trees:

cut dry and diseased branches;
clean up areas of dead bark;
smear the places of cuts and strippings;
collect and burn last year's foliage.

All cleaned places are disinfected with a solution of copper sulphate, saw cuts - with garden pitch.

For this procedure, you need to choose a dry, calm day when the air warms up to 5 degrees Celsius. AT rainy weather spraying will do no good.

How to prepare a mixture

A solution of urea and copper sulfate for treating trees is prepared as follows:

700 g of urea is poured into a clean 10-liter bucket;
pour water into a bucket and stir until completely dissolved;
in a separate bowl, dilute 500 g of copper sulfate in a small amount of hot water;
diluted vitriol is poured into a bucket and mixed again.

It is necessary to spray the trees with urea and blue vitriol abundantly in the spring, soaking the trunk, branches and soil of the near-trunk circle.

The prepared mixture is used immediately. Put on before starting work protective equipment- goggles, respirator and gloves.

These drugs can only be diluted in glass, wood or plastic containers.

The spring treatment of the garden with urea with copper sulfate, carried out in accordance with all the rules, is a guarantee that your garden will be much healthier and will delight you with a friendly harvest. But it should not be forgotten that in order to good result in the garden, a whole range of measures is needed. AT various fertilizers trees need protection from diseases and pests throughout the year.

First spraying of the garden - video

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