In September-October, the foliage on the garden trees begins to slowly turn yellow - the plants are preparing for the arrival winter cold. The approaching winter is felt and garden pests who are taken to actively seek shelter for themselves. And if you miss the moment, then in next year voracious caterpillars will quickly find their way back to their favorite places and begin to devour young buds and tender leaves of plants.

When to spray trees in autumn

Therefore, autumn spraying of trees in the garden is carried out immediately after the massive leaf fall. At the same time, this matter should not be postponed until later: when the temperature drops below +5 ... 6 degrees, the effect of spraying decreases sharply, because by this time the pests have already managed to climb deep into the soil or into the bark.

But you should not wait until the trees completely lose their foliage, 80-90% is enough. In this case, a sufficient amount of insecticidal solution will fall on the branches and trunk.

If the infectious background is weak, then you can do without surface treatment trees. But when there are a lot of pests, it makes sense to carry out washing spraying. It is done in such a way as to thoroughly moisten the trunk, all large and small branches and the ground under the crown. The trickles of the solution should also penetrate the cracks and other holes in the bark.

The optimal weather for spraying the garden is dry and calm with a temperature of +10 degrees. Optimal time- early morning or sunset hours.

Preparations for the autumn spraying of the garden

In order to clean the garden from pests in the fall, it can be sprayed with a 10% urea solution. After a week and a half, it is advisable to re-treat with a solution of copper sulfate with the addition of slaked lime. This composition will destroy not only caterpillars and beetles, but also pathogens of many diseases.

To prepare it, 300 grams of copper sulfate is dissolved in three liters of warm water, and 400 grams of lime is diluted in 10-12 liters of water. After that, the resulting solutions are combined and thoroughly mixed again.

Consumption rates of drugs

Before preparing the solution, it is important to estimate how much mixture you will approximately need. To do this, you can focus on the following average consumption rates per plant without leaves:

• for one berry bush - from 0.1 to 1.3 liters;
• for one young tree- 0.5 liters;
• for one adult large tree- 5 liters.

How to spray trees from pests

For autumn-spring processing horticultural crops it is more convenient to buy a sprayer for 8-10 liters, because most store-bought preparations are designed for dilution in just such a volume of liquid. During the operation itself, the liquid in the sprayers must be shaken periodically (every minute or two) so that it remains sufficiently homogeneous.

To protect perennial plantations located near trees ( garden strawberries, flowers, vegetables) you need to throw a film on them. You should also take care of your own equipment: use a protective raincoat, special goggles and a respirator. And, of course, you must follow all the recommendations given in the instructions for the drug used.

Foreword

Winter and autumn garden processing - important work for each gardener, since processing in this case has two important goals. The first is to rid the garden of pests and the second is to prepare the site for spring.

Necessary tools and materials

Autumn garden processing - preparing the site for hibernation

Once you have harvested, you can start processing your garden plot. At the same time, it is necessary to reserve chemicals for pest control, enough water, lime, and you will need gardening tools.

Stages of work:

• During fruiting, it is strictly forbidden to use a variety of chemical agents to get rid of diseases and pests. Therefore, during this period, trees and shrubs collect all kinds of diseases. That is why, before the start of leaf fall, you need to completely treat the garden with a solution of urea. If during the harvest rot is found on the fruits, treatment is carried out (100 g of product per 10 liters of water).
• The next step is to clean the tree trunk from old bark and moss with a wire brush. After collecting all the peeled bark, be sure to take it out of the garden and burn it. In addition, all diseased fruits should be destroyed. Do not forget that pruning of trees should also be carried out in the fall - remove all shoots damaged by diseases. To protect trees from rodents that raid the garden in winter, tie tree trunks metal mesh and cover the reconciliation with spruce branches.
• In autumn, it is also necessary to dig up the soil on the site. But here you need to be careful not to damage root system plants. Next, we make the necessary organic and mineral fertilizers.
  
• Noticing even small cracks on tree trunks, be sure to lubricate them with garden pitch.

Garden processing in winter - what do we do during the cold season?

Many gardeners relax for the winter, they think that at this time they can relax. However, winter is not a reason to quit, because during this period it is necessary to spend enough a large number of landscaping to keep your garden ready for the new season. For convenience, we divide the work that needs to be carried out into stages:

• gardening in december. Many gardeners at this time are preparing cuttings. For this, mature branches from the crown are best suited. At the same time, the cuttings are first stored in the refrigerator, and after the snow falls - in the snow, wrapped in ordinary cling film. Before the appearance of snow cover, it is imperative to rake all the fallen leaves with a rake and place it in a compost pit.
  
• January work is aimed at thinking over the location of flower beds, creating rock gardens, if this is planned, and other purely decorative works in the garden. Check how your supplies are stored in the basement and start harvesting vegetable and fruit seeds for planting in the spring. If you want some plants to please you already in May, plant them in January, and transplant them into open ground in the spring.
• Garden processing in February is considered the most serious, because during this period you will need to prepare your garden for spring, most importantly, wait until they leave very coldy. It is necessary to prune trees with the removal of frozen shoots, in addition, this will lead to improved penetration of air and sun to the trees. In the same month, you can start choosing annuals and perennials for landing. Remember to check the expiration date of fertilizers and mineral dressings for plants, in order to purchase new preparations if necessary. The garden is also sprayed in winter using a solution of copper or iron sulfate (70–100 g per 10-liter bucket of water).
  

It is important to know - the most common pests

In order for both winter and autumn garden processing to be successful, you need to know what diseases and pests you may encounter during the work.

First of all, these are mites, from which young shoots and leaves suffer - they begin to lose juice, stretch out and dry out. most popular and suitable remedy consider the drug Aktofit.

Have you ever paid attention to city plantings? All of them do not look very aesthetically pleasing: all kinds of bugs frolic on the trunks, branches and foliage look unhealthy. It's all about improper care and failure to perform such an important procedure as tree care in autumn. Why this event is held, as well as what means to use, we will talk in this article.

If you are not looking for information on this issue, but professional gardeners, ready to work hard instead of you on the site, you've come to the right place. We offer the following services: treatment of bushes and trees in autumn, preparation of the garden for winter, autumn dressing. We will provide quality care every plant! Call! :)

Autumn work

Processing trees in the garden in autumn has the following functions:

• Destruction of pests;
• Fight against pathogenic microorganisms;
• Defense against winter pests (hares, mice) and frost protection.

These tasks are solved using several procedures:

• spraying;
• whitewash;
• installation of protective equipment.

Processing trees and shrubs in autumn for disease prevention is the spraying of plants with fungicides. If this event is not carried out, microorganisms (causative agents of diseases) can spread to all plantations. Warm, humid weather favors rapid reproduction bacteria. If the garden is not sprayed in time, in the spring it will suffer from various diseases and fungi.

A mandatory procedure in the care of the garden is treatment of trees in the fall from pests. Just at this time, insects are going to hibernate. They equip themselves with a winter lodging for the night in the bark of plants, on branches, in tree trunks. To destroy most types of insects, it is enough to carry out sanitary pruning and digging trunk circles. To destroy insects hiding in the pores of the old bark, the boles are whitewashed.

Processing tree trunks in the fall includes the following procedures:

• cleaning boles from old bark with a scraper or a metal brush;
• treatment of injuries (putty with garden pitch);
• whitewashing with a special whitening compound.

Such processing will destroy the "nests" and burn the eggs and pupae of insects. For effectiveness, insecticides are added to the composition for whitewashing.

Processing trees in autumn for the winter includes installation of heaters on stems - exactly this weakness in a plant, if a tree gets frostbite on a trunk, the chances of its survival will be close to zero. To protect the plant, the trunk is wrapped with roofing material or roofing felt (height - about 1 m), in especially frosty areas it is recommended to lay a burlap or straw gasket between the roofing material and the bark.

Provide rodent safety very simple:

• lay out poisonous baits in the garden (will save from mice);
• wrap the trunk over the "fur coat" with barbed wire (protection from hares).

Tree processing in autumn video

Each owner of a summer house or a private house needs to prepare for winter period. Your future arrangement of affairs in the spring depends on this preparation. Treating the garden in the fall from various diseases and pests, you direct your efforts at least to clean up pests and fight against harmful insects, various microorganisms, stimulating all kinds of diseases, rodents and influence weather conditions. Autumn processing of trees is carried out in order to combat fungal and bacterial diseases as well as some pests. This event is considered preventive. Various infections that have been preserved since autumn, with the onset warm days will be activated again, so caring gardeners are carefully studying how to treat the garden in the fall with urea and iron vitriol from diseases and pests.

Terms of spraying fruit trees

Autumn spraying should be done immediately before the onset of winter, when all the leaves have already fallen. More early processing may cause negative consequences, such as leaf burn and untimely fall.

Not only will it not bring positive result, but will also lead to a weakening of the garden, which did not have time to get everything nutrients and properly prepare for the winter.

You need to start spraying in November, when there is no longer any danger of damaging the leaves. chemicals. Before starting treatment, old trees need to remove lichens and old bark with a metal brush.

How to spray bushes and trees in autumn

Among gardeners, the most popular processing of plants after harvest is 1% Bordeaux liquid. This tool helps to destroy dangerous fungi- scab pathogens, powdery mildew, rot and other diseases. With the help of a special cylinder under pressure or a spray gun, everything is thoroughly sprayed fruit trees, berry bushes (including strawberries), as well as perennial ornamental crops.

After leaf fall, but no later than the end of October, the crown of bushes and trees and the soil under them are sprayed with a solution of urea (urea). This is an excellent prevention of scab and spotting.

Autumn processing of the garden with iron sulphate

Iron vitriol is an antiseptic, fungicidal agent that allows you to fight rot, mold, and fungal diseases of plants. This preparation is the only fertilizer containing iron available to plants. With insufficient intake of such a trace element, premature yellowing and death of young shoots. Most of all, fruit trees suffer from a lack of iron: pears, apple trees, plums, cherries and others. Peaches, roses, raspberry bushes react sensitively to the lack of ferrous sulfate, as well as vegetable crops- cabbage, tomato, potatoes.

If the plantings are old and they are concerned about such problems as the presence of moss and lichen, then the autumn treatment of the garden with iron sulfate at a concentration of 5-7% will help get rid of them. The main difference between the autumn treatment with iron sulphate and the treatment with Bordeaux liquid is that the addition of lime is prohibited.

The effect of the treatment with iron sulphate is much less than that of the previous methods, but there are also advantages - this is the saturation of trees with iron, and a distinctive effect on oxidation processes.

For the prevention and treatment of certain plant diseases, it is used together with other chemical agents for the complex therapy of plantations. Insecticides can be added to the solution, which will repel unwanted harmful insects.

Autumn processing of the garden with copper sulphate

autumn spraying blue vitriol pursues preventive goals. By the time the buds begin to bloom, the trees will already be protected from diseases. A solution of copper sulfate will help prevent the occurrence of fruit rot, powdery mildew and scab.

The drug is considered a fungicide to combat diseases of berry, fruit (pome and stone fruits), ornamental crops. It's good prophylactic from various kinds fungal diseases on plants. The concentration of copper sulfate is chosen depending on the type of plant. So, for spraying apple and pear trees, as well as quince, it is necessary to make a concentration at the rate of 100 g of the drug per 10 liters of water. And for stone fruit crops, like plums, cherries, cherries, as well as peaches and apricots, use a different concentration - 50-75 g per 10 liters of water. The same concentration is used for spraying berry bushes. Spraying with copper sulphate is best done in the fall, as in the spring a highly concentrated solution will harm young foliage. But this can be done not earlier than November, since a chemical burn is possible when processing the leaves.

Garden treatment in autumn with urea

This is a highly effective granulating fertilizer containing nitrogen, which is necessary for the growth and development of plants, in an assimilable form. Mass fraction in fertilizer it is 46%. Urea is the most popular spray. It can be used both in autumn and spring. IN autumn period the concentration is taken at the rate of 500-700 grams per 10 liters of water.

At the same time, it burns out many fungal diseases, even some of the pests that are trying to winter on fruit trees. Treating the garden with urea in the fall is a chemical treatment, not a fertilizer for trees. It is carried out throughout the crown of the tree or berry bush and the adjacent land around the tree is necessarily sprayed nearby. Almost all pome and stone fruits, as well as berry bushes, are sprayed with urea.

What you need to know when treating the garden with urea in the autumn

When working with urea in the fall, remember:

• urea is organic fertilizers, but their composition is determined by mineral nitrogen-containing components;
• it is a fast-acting concentrate, the properties of which remain for a long period;
• fertilizer quickly disappears, therefore, it requires irrigation of the soil directly, including greenhouse and greenhouse;
• the connection is effective in waterlogged areas;
• biologically active soil retains more nitrogen than alkaline or neutral soil media;
• nitrogen-containing dressings are more effective and safe for the garden in the autumn, when the foliage does not burn when the concentration is violated;
• urea slows down vegetation, delaying flowering from fatal to the ovary spring frosts. This will have a fruitful effect on the preservation of early ripe varieties of plums, peaches and apricots, and fruit trees preserve the emerging kidneys;
• after spraying in the fall, garden pests die, and are also eliminated various diseases garden crops;
• after connecting with the ground, carbamide turns into ammonium carbonate;
• nitrogen-containing compounds do not accept compounds with chalk, lime and simple superphosphates;
• urea helps to get rid of old stumps, provokes their rapid decay;
• autumn treatment of the garden with nitrogen concentrate protects garden plants from early frosts.

First of all, spraying is carried out to protect fruit trees from beetles, butterflies, aphids and caterpillars.

For example, when spraying an apple tree, you can protect this tree from aphids that form nodules on the bark. And in cases where the aphids are not stopped in time, in addition to the apple tree, it will also begin to infect pear, plum, cherry plum and apricot.

That is, in these trees, at first the leaves will begin to curl, after which they will also fall off.

Plum is also sprayed to protect against Maybug, which is engaged in eating the ovaries of fruits and leaves.

In cases with a young garden, the larvae of this insect also damage the roots. This can result in the death of the entire plant.

Apple, plum, pear and cherry, thanks to spraying, from caterpillars and butterflies, can save not only their leaves, but also their fruits, including during the ripening period.

How to spray trees in autumn and spring?

There are a lot of tools that can be used to cultivate a garden. They can be used both in spring and autumn.

But we will now analyze the most popular preparations for spraying trees. :

1) Copper sulfate. During holiday season This drug is recommended to be used twice. The first time - at the beginning of spring, while the leaves have not yet appeared on the trees, since when it is diluted in the recommended proportions, it can damage young leaves.

The second time in the fall - after the period of leaf fall.

Copper sulphate is also used as disinfectant with wounds on plants.

Usually this drug is used when processing plums, apple trees (in autumn - at the end of October, in spring - at the beginning of March).

It is best to spray fruit trees in the morning or evening, in calm weather, at temperatures from +5 to +30 ° C.

The consumption rate for one fruit-bearing tree is about 10 liters already ready solution, and for a seedling about 2 liters.

Copper sulfate is considered a very aggressive drug, and therefore it is best to breed it away from people and animals.

It is also necessary to take care that its remains do not fall into the well or other sources of water.

2) Carbamide (urea). Trees are sprayed with carbamide a week after flowering, and when preparing trees for the winter period.

With the help of a urea solution of a weaker concentration (per 10 liters of water 50 g), it will be possible to spray Orchard one week after flowering. Thus, you can protect fruit trees from leafworm caterpillars, suckers, flower beetles, aphids, etc.

In autumn, trees are sprayed with urea after more than 40-50% of the foliage has fallen. In this case, the solution should be stronger than during the flowering period (500 g per 10 liters of water).

But you can also wait until the trees are completely shedding their leaves and apply a solution of more concentrated urea (7-10%), thereby preparing your garden plot for the next season.

In this case, you are spraying not only trunks and branches, but also the soil, and therefore this solution will serve you as a fungicide and fertilizer.

But if you hurry up and apply this high concentration agent earlier, it is possible that the leaves of the trees may get burned, and therefore they will fall off ahead of schedule.

And this means that the trees will not have time to get in the right amount nutrients, so necessary for her in preparation for the winter period.

3) Iron vitriol. This drug is used twice a year (in autumn and spring), when the plants begin to turn green and when they are preparing for the winter period.

When spraying plants with copper sulphate, two tasks are simultaneously solved, that is, the trees receive the iron they need, which plays an important role in the respiration of plantings, but also this drug is an excellent protection against pests.

If your garden is already old, that is, the trees (pear, apple, plum, etc.) are already old, then in without fail spray this product in early spring and in the fall, which can help you not only in pest control, but also in the destruction of lichen, cytosporosis, moss, septoria, black cancer.

And thanks to this, your trees in the coming year will be able to accelerate the growth rate and increase yields.

4) Preparation 30. This drug is used when spraying apple trees, plums, pears, etc.

It is advisable to use it in early spring and late autumn(for 10 liters of water 200 g).

Thanks to the treatment of trees with “Preparation 30”, you can get rid of whiteflies, leafworms, moths, aphids, scale insects, suckers, red and brown fruit mites, which have wintered on the bark all this time.

But besides this, this remedy can help you in the fight against larvae in the summer.

According to the manufacturer, this drug is absolutely safe for the tree itself, since no pesticides are used in pest control. various substances, but thin film formed after processing on the bark of a tree.

That is, in pests (in the larval or egg stage) that fall under processing, the water balance and gas exchange, thereby creating unfavorable conditions for their existence, which leads them to death.

5) Diesel fuel. Solar oil can also be used, as with spring processing, thai and in autumn. But it must be used very carefully. Since with improper spraying, burns may appear on the trees or, even worse, die.

Therefore, this method of processing must be taken with great responsibility.

In the spring, it is best to treat the trees with diesel fuel before the formation of leaves and buds, and in the fall, wait until all the leaves have fallen.

For spraying trees, diesel fuel in its pure form cannot be used. A large amount of water and other substances are added to it, which can reduce its destructive activity.

How to spray trees in autumn?

Autumn spraying of trees is an important part of closing the season and preparing the garden plot for the winter period. It will be possible to start this procedure in October - November, that is, when the trees shed their leaves, and therefore the possibility of damaging them with chemicals is excluded.

In preparation for processing, we remove lichens and old bark from trees over 6 years old. By themselves, the old bark and lichens cannot harm plants, but pathogens of various diseases and pests can overwinter there.

The most late processing carried out after the first frost, but before that we still need to remove foliage, weeds and fallen branches from the site, that is, everything that has managed to accumulate during the season.