Interior of external stairs to the second floor. Beautiful stairs inside the house. What can be the stairs in the house, options. Loft style stairs

If your private house or a multi-level apartment contains more than one floor, then the issue of building a staircase will arise at the very beginning of the repair. When choosing a design and material for the manufacture of stairs, it is important to be guided not only by your stylistic preferences, but also not to forget about safety and ergonomics. We single out several criteria by which the choice of the design of the stairs and materials for its manufacture is carried out:

  • the location of the stairs is of particular importance - the front door in the center of the hall, the living room or the secondary one in the back of the dwelling;
  • location future design regarding the premises, its dimensions and the number of square meters allocated for the direct construction of the stairs;
  • the level of safety of the structure will depend on whether small children and the elderly live permanently in the house - some modern models of stairs may not be safe;
  • the thickness of the walls to which the structural elements will be attached;
  • the interior of the premises in which the structure will be located.

A staircase in a private house or apartment is not only a structure that helps to get to the upper level, but also important element interior, affecting its appearance, arrangement of furniture and decor. Therefore, it is necessary to approach the choice of a staircase model with all seriousness, weighing all the advantages and disadvantages of each model and the material of its manufacture.

Options for stairs for private houses

All stairs can be conditionally divided into mid-flight and spiral (spiral). Most often in modern dwellings it is marching structures that are used, which in turn are divided into the following subspecies:

  • structures on stringers - consist of beams that are individually attached to the base (made of wood, metal and concrete);
  • bowstring stairs - steps are attached to the inside of the beam. Structures have complex structure and can be made from various materials;
  • structures on the bolts - all structural elements are connected with bolts (there are metal and wooden).

Let us consider in more detail each of the options for mid-flight stairs.

Stairs on stringers

One of the most common options for the construction of stairs in private homes are structures on stringers. Among the advantages of such models are the following:

The method of fastening steps in such structures will depend on the number of beams attached to the base - two or one. Stringers, in turn, can be straight, broken or screw.

This type stairs is possible in various variations of performance, you can create a truly individual design of the structure based on the traditional model.

The use of glass or plastic transparent railings in the form of screens allows you to create a lighter image of the staircase for modern interior. The only drawback is the lack of railings in the idea to which we are accustomed, the inability to rely on the mounts. But with such short marches, this disadvantage is insignificant, unless there are elderly people with mobility problems in the house.

Structural designs

Stairs on bowstrings have a sophisticated appearance that will look most harmonious in classical style interior and derivatives from this stylistic direction. Steps in such structures are attached to the support beam with inside. The complexity of the design and excellent appearance do not prevent the structures from having an incredibly high level convenience, safety and comfort of movement.

Such structures can be made of metal and wood, act as combinations with other materials.

Structures on the Bolts

As a rule, ladders on the rails are made of metal (this is due to the peculiarities of fastening the elements of the structure), but they can also have a combined composition of manufacturing materials. Due to the fact that all elements are connected using pins and bolts, the structures have a fairly simple and concise appearance, but are incredibly strong and durable. Structures can withstand high weights. The fact is that the support beam is mounted to the ceiling, wall or floor with metal rods.

The main advantage of this design is the possibility of disassembly for repair or reconstruction. The steps in such stairs can be open or closed, have different shape and performance dimensions.

Due to the fact that such stairs do not have a base, the space under them can be used to the benefit of the household by arranging a place to relax, a reading corner with a small library.

Spiral staircase - exclusive interior

Spiral staircases are especially popular in private homes, where a little usable space premises. Spiral stairs consist of steps, handrails and a rack (base). This is surprising, but spiral staircases can be not only round, but also octagonal, square. In homes with small children or elderly people with mobility problems, it may not be worth using such original models, but in other cases, spiral staircases can decorate any interior, not to mention the practical side of the issue.

Most often, such structures are metal carcass, but there are also options made entirely of wood. Combined designs look very impressive, not inferior to metal structures in strength and durability.

Materials for the manufacture of stairs

Currently, various materials are used for the manufacture of stairs, we highlight the most popular of them:

The most popular, as many years ago, are metal and wooden stairs, due to environmental friendliness, strength, durability and relatively low cost of structures. But depending on the style of the interior of the room in which the staircase is installed, various combinations of these materials with glass, natural or artificial stone and even plastic are used.

For many years, wood, which has proven itself as a strong, durable, wear-resistant and environmentally friendly material, continues to be one of the most popular options for building materials for the manufacture of stairs. Such stairs can be of three types:

Sometimes there are designs that combine two options for fixing degrees within one structure. In some rooms, this is required by the design features of the space, in others it is just a design method to bring originality to the interior.

Wooden stairs with metal railings, decorated with wrought iron decor, look traditional, impressive and safe. Such structures will organically fit into many interior styles.

The combination of metal and wood provides many design options for a durable and secure ladder, which will organically fit into the modern interior style, loft or country style.

A stone staircase is durable and strong, but requires an impressive foundation due to the heavy weight of the main structure. Most often, natural stone is used only for the manufacture of steps and risers, but even in this case, the weight of the structure will be impressive. Fewer Requirements have artificial analogues, but also the strength, durability of such materials is significantly inferior to natural raw materials. But the appearance is difficult to distinguish from natural material, but it is worth fake diamond much cheaper than natural.

stone stairs with forged railings look luxurious. This is surprising, but the classic image of the staircase will be relevant not only in traditional interior styles, modern style favorably accepts the integration of such structures.

The staircase, whose steps are made of raw stone, looks impressive, durable and safe. The rusticity of such a structure is added by the original railings made of flexible branches, which at first glance have not undergone any processing.

Concrete stairs are one of the most budget options. They are strong enough, safe, but unfortunately not as durable as their counterparts made of metal, stone or wood.

Stairs that use glass to make steps look incredibly light, even airy. For such structures, specially tempered glass is used, the strength characteristics of which are increased. In combination with the chrome-plated surfaces of the frame, the staircase with glass steps will effectively complement the modern interior style, hi-tech, pop art or loft.

Stairs with original design

Some models of stairs are a flight of the designer's imagination. Such structures are able to raise the bar for the uniqueness of your interior to sky-high heights, but in pursuit of unusual constructive ideas It is important not to forget about the safety and usability of the facility.

You can make even the most traditional staircase unique by designing the railing or space under the steps in an original way. For example, lining risers with ceramic tiles with a bright ornament allows you to bring to the interior of the room not only uniqueness, but also a positive mood, a festive appearance.

A staircase with a curved base, which is not a spiral, but at the same time has smooth shapes, looks more than spectacular. The steps are attached to the center of the base, which has a curved shape. Of course, with such a design of the stairs, it will be difficult to do without railings. Such a structure does not take up much space and does not require a massive foundation - support.

A staircase with one turn of the march is most often used in multi-level apartments to provide access to the upper level, sometimes such structures are also found in private houses. If there are no small children and elderly people in your home, then you can limit yourself to a design without a railing.

In country-style rooms, you can often find rustic elements in the design of stairs. As a rule, rusticity affects the elements of the railing, sometimes supports.

Stair lighting - an element of safety and decor

Highlighting the steps or the space near the stairs can become not only an element of the security of your home, but also give originality to the interior, provide you with the opportunity to create various options atmosphere depending on the use of a particular type of lighting.

Step lighting looks spectacular and allows you to safely move between floors of the household in the dark.

The space under the stairs - practical and aesthetic use

There is no such thing as too many storage systems. This thesis is familiar to all homeowners. That is why the most popular use of the space under the stairs is the arrangement of various types of cabinets, shelves and even entire racks.

By building a bookcase under the stairs and placing a comfortable armchair and a floor lamp nearby, you will provide the household with the opportunity to read a book and relax in privacy without using the usable space of the rooms, which is often simply not enough for such functional areas.

Sometimes under the stairs it is possible to mark workplace or even a full cabinet with desk, armchair and storage systems for books and stationery.

Some homeowners prefer to equip the space under the stairs under wine cabinet. In addition to the functional background, such storage systems look spectacular and modern, becoming the highlight of the interior.

Sometimes you can find the use of space under the steps as storage systems for stairs, bounded on both sides by walls. But with such a structure drawers it is important to remember that you should not heavily load the containers, the safety of movement on the stairs will partly depend on this.

In some houses (depending on architectural features premises) it turns out to rationally use not only the space under the stairs, but also the territory landings between marches. Soft seating by the window will help organize a reading or conversation area.

Staircase to the second floor - modern, safe and attractive design

Recently construction country house very often not limited to one floor. In order to expand the space, a second one is being built or it is insulated and brought into a condition suitable for comfortable living. attic room. And this means that one cannot do without a staircase in the interior of the first floor.

Do-it-yourself stairs to the second floor can be assembled from a ready-made kit, which can be purchased from companies specialized in the development and manufacture of this interior functional element. In the proposed catalogs, you can choose a staircase that fits perfectly into the environment of both floors, and will be convenient and safe for all family members to climb and descend.

You can try and build a staircase yourself, but in this case it is necessary to produce it, since if the design is not well thought out, a familiar element of the house for everyone may well become a traumatic “simulator”.

In addition, you need to decide what role the staircase will play in the interior. It may be completely invisible, and not be decorative ornament room, or it can become the center of the composition, around which the entire design of the room will be built.

Therefore, in order to choose a suitable instance, it is better though would schematically draw the stairs you want would see in your home, but you can already find ready-made version and adapt it to a particular room.

Before choosing a staircase model, you must definitely find out how it works and how to calculate its correct parameters.

The design of the stairs has many components, some of them are mandatory, while others may not be included in the devices of some types of this structure.

So, a staircase cannot do without steps and supports that support them - these are the main elements of the most simple designs interfloor stairs.

  • The step itself consists of two parts - vertical and horizontal. The first of them is called riser, and the second - tread. The riser is a support for tread, but sometimes they do without it.
  • Supports can be of two types:

- a bowstring is a beam that supports the steps from their ends;

- kosour - a beam supporting the steps from below.

  • The railing is also an important element of the stairs, although it is not present on all of its types. But if there are children or elderly people in the house, then you can’t do without them.
  • Balusters are vertically installed railing supports, which most often become not only a functional part of the stairs, but also its decorative decoration. This item can be made from different materials and have different shapes.

Since there are different types of stairs, each of them can have details that are necessary for a particular design.

  • Rack - this element is used for the device of a spiral staircase. Steps of a special shape are fixed to the rack with a certain step, which form a spiral rising from the first to the second floor.

  • Bolts are special bolts, which are also elements supporting the steps, they are mounted in the wall and directly on the steps themselves. They are not used for everyone, but only for certain types of stairs.

Types of stairs

Having learned what elements the stairs consist of, you need to understand in more detail how each of the types of these structures looks like, established between floors.

marching stairs

This type of staircase is popular for any type of private home. It consists of one or more straight marches, equipped with evenly spaced steps. It is convenient to go down and up on it, but the disadvantage of this model is that it requires a lot of space in the room.

The most common - marching stairs

If the staircase consists of several flights, then each of them must have at least 3 ÷ 4 and no more than 15 steps. Failure to comply with this standard may result in uncomfortable stair climbing. Usually the number of steps in each march is 8 ÷ 11 pieces, and special platforms are installed between the marches. Their sizes are multiples of the average stride length.

  • Marching stairs can be closed and open. The first of them have risers in the design of the steps, and the second ones are arranged without them. Open variant useful in cases where the steps are not wide enough.
  • Mid-flight stairs may have steps attached to stringers or bowstrings. For these parts, boards are selected that have a thickness of at least 45 ÷ 50, and better - even 60 ÷ 70 mm.
  • If a straight staircase without turns has more than 8-9 steps, then for strength it is also recommended to divide it with a platform.
  • In the case when the staircase is built with a slight turn, it is called a turning one, and sometimes steps are arranged on this site instead of a platform, which are called winders.

Winder steps quarter turn stairs

  • In addition to the above types, mid-flight stairs can be:

— quarter-turn- the angle of which when turning is 90 degrees, and they are arranged mainly at the junction of two walls;

- half-turn - their rotation has an angle of 180 degrees;

- circular models - marches consistently form a 360-degree turn.

The design of the stairs on the bolts

The name of these stairs on the rails comes from German word"volzen", which means a bolt. Thus, it is a bolted ladder. In fact, it is a fastener in the form of a pin having threads at its ends. With the help of their steps and fences are fastened together and mounted in the wall. Thanks to these devices, the design looks light and airy. Contributes to this and the absence of risers.

In addition, such a model can be stretched on a certain section of the wall, or it can look quite compact. Despite the seeming lightness, the design is reliable and durable, it is able to withstand hundreds of kilograms, so the ladders on the rails are becoming more and more popular.

Despite the “airy” look, the ladder on the rails is very reliable.

Naturally, such a structure cannot be located in the middle of the room, since it must be attached to the wall, the main condition for installation is its strength of the material from which it is built.

It is rather difficult to calculate the ladder on the rails on your own, but you can purchase it as a kit or place an order for professionals to manufacture it with reference to specific home conditions.

Video: installation of a wooden staircase on the rails

The installation of this design is quite complicated, and it is better to entrust it to qualified craftsmen who will be able to evaluate the possibility of its installation. Therefore, before purchasing a kit, it is best to first consult with experts.

Spiral interfloor staircase

This design is more difficult to install, but has the advantage of being the smallest of all available options, making it ideal for small spaces. In addition, such a ladder can be installed in any convenient location rooms and, if desired, make it the center of the interior composition, since the design has a fairly aesthetic appearance.

Spiral staircase - saves space, but not always convenient for carrying bulky items

Can be different types, but for a two-story house, a model consisting of their racks and wedge-shaped steps is best suited. For rack choose metal pipe or wooden support.

  • The rack itself is fixed to the floor of the first floor and in the interfloor or attic floor.
  • Steps are fixed on it with a narrow side and rotated so that the overall design resembles a spiral.
  • Balusters are installed on the wide side of the steps, the upper part of which is fixed in the handrail, repeating the spiral direction of the entire structure.

Video: installation of a spiral staircase

Inconvenient in such a model is the fact that it will be difficult to lift or lower down some massive piece of furniture. In addition, when choosing such a model for installation, you need to know that the smaller the opening for it in interfloor overlap, the stairs will be steeper and more inconvenient.

It is not difficult to calculate the screw structure. To do this, the area in the room where it will be installed is determined, its center is calculated - this will be the installation site of the rack. Further, the distance from the rack to the border is measured - this will be the span width, i.e. step length.

For comfortable walking on such a ladder, the size of the middle of the step should be at least 200 mm, and the widest part should be no more than 400 ÷ 420 mm.

It is quite possible to make and assemble such a structure on your own, if you have skills in working with wood, and the ability to calculate the load on the selected material. However, if you are not confident in your abilities, then it is better to entrust the work to a specialist, since an improperly arranged structure is very traumatic.

Requirements for the design of stairs

Before starting work, you need to find out the requirements for the design of the stairs.

Security is probably the most important condition. In order for it to be fully implemented, it is very important to accurately calculate all the parameters:

- the slope angle, the width and height of the steps, the method of fastening the first and last of them are calculated;

- if the staircase is not located between two walls, the fence must be installed, and its height must be at least 800 ÷ 850 mm;

- if there are small children in the house, the balusters supporting the handrail of the fence should not be located further from each other than 100 ÷ 120 mm;

- the width of the steps should be 200 ÷ 300 mm;

- the staircase must withstand sufficiently large loads - for residential buildings they are 300 ÷ 350 kg / m²;

- it is impossible for the steps to be slippery - the texture of their outer coating is necessarily thought out;

- the entire structure must be securely and rigidly fixed between floors;

- it is undesirable to install the structure at an elevation angle of more than 45 degrees;

- the width of the spans cannot be made less than 850 mm, the best option is 1000 ÷ 1200 mm;

- the ladder will be less traumatic if it is divided into two or three parts by platforms;

- fasteners for structural elements must be made of quality material, so you can not save on them;

- if wooden details are processed independently, then you need to bring them to perfect evenness and compliance with the dimensions established by the drawing or patterns.

Video: errors in the design and construction of stairs

Calculation of the parameters of the stairs and the manufacture of parts

Since for self-manufacturing and installations, a marching structure with steps laid on a stringer is the most affordable, as well as convenient and safe to use, then it is worth considering it.

The first thing to do is to calculate the location, number and size of steps, as well as the width of the flight of stairs.

Calculation of the parameters of the stairs

Calculation of the design of the mid-flight stairs is as follows:

  • The height of the room and the length of the entire or part of the wall are taken as a basis - the place that is reserved for the installation of the stairs. Having reduced these values ​​on a scale, a right-angled triangle is drawn, in which the staircase itself will be the hypotenuse, and the legs will be the height of the rise and the floor.

An angle of 45 degrees is considered ideal for installing stairs, but it can be changed, depending on the desire of the owner of the house and on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.

  • The comfortable width of the step should be at least 200 mm, so the leg of the floor, based on its natural length, is divided by this value. The resulting number of steps is marked on the drawing.
  • The height of the risers, convenient for movement, should not exceed 100 ÷ 120 mm. To calculate them, you need to divide the height of the total rise by the selected height of the risers and also transfer it to the drawing.
  • Thus, it is possible to calculate the dimensions of the stringer for laying steps.
  • The width of the stairs will depend on the preferences of the tenants and the size of the room.

Video: an example of the calculation of a marching interfloor staircase

Manufacture of staircase parts

In order to properly manufacture parts, you need to accurately transfer the dimensions from the drawing made to the material, and select high-quality, well-dried wood.

  • The most difficult thing is to cut the stringers perfectly evenly, since the reliability and strength, as well as the aesthetics of the design, will depend on this. For those load-bearing elements the board is chosen whole without cracks and numerous large knots, with a thickness of at least 45 ÷ 50 mm.
  • The tread sheets can have a width of 1.5-2 cm more than the space provided for them on the stringers, plus the thickness of the risers. Steps should be perfectly even with rounded neat edges, and this is also very important to consider. For them, a board with a thickness of 30 ÷ 35 mm is selected.
  • If it was planned to make the staircase closed, with risers, then they must also be done carefully. For these elements, you do not need to take a board thick, since basically the entire load will fall on the stringers, and the risers will play a role supporting the structure. A thickness of 15 ÷ 20 mm is sufficient.

  • Balusters and handrails would be better purchased at ready-made along with fasteners. If there are children in the house, then, for safety reasons, two balusters should be installed on each step. In the case when the children have already grown up, then one element supporting the handrail is enough.

Ladder installation

The installation of the stairs is the most crucial moment after the manufacture of all structural elements, and it must be approached with maximum responsibility.

  • The stringers are installed first according to pre-set marks. On the floor, they are fixed to a support beam fixed in the right place, and in the upper part they are installed in cut gaps in the floor beam. Sometimes, to fix the upper part of the stringers, metal supports are used, mounted on a beam covering the ceiling. Anchor bolts act as fasteners for these load-bearing elements.

In order for the parts to be installed perfectly evenly, they are constantly calibrated during the installation process according to the plumb line and building level.

  • If risers are provided, then they are screwed before laying the canvas of the steps.
  • Then, on top of the stringers and risers, the tread panels are fixed with self-tapping screws.

The fastening of the risers and steps takes place in the complex, and goes down up.

  • Then, when the steps are ready, you can proceed to the installation of balusters.

On both sides, that is, on the floor of the first floor and at the top of the stairs, support posts are installed, which will become the boundary for general design handrail (railing). They will also play both a supporting and decorative role.

Balusters can be different sizes, and are made of different materials, so they can be attached in different ways. Some of them are simply installed in drilled holes in the steps and handrails, others are screwed with self-tapping screws, and the attachment points are closed with decorative plugs.

  • , they are covered from above with handrails, which are fixed on the supporting extreme posts. If necessary, another support post can be installed in the middle of the ladder.
  • If there are three or even four racks, then instead of balusters, two or three even boards (slats) fixed parallel to the course of the stairs can serve as a reliable fence.
  • When the entire structure is assembled, you can proceed to surface treatment with a grinder and sandpaper. Preparation is carried out before applying protective and decorative paint coatings.
  • The first layer that is applied to the tree is antiseptic compounds. They will protect the wood from rotting, mold or fungus, from domestic insects. After this, the structures are allowed to dry completely.

  • Further, the staircase can be varnished in several layers (preferably water-based) with hot wax or paint.
  • If you need to darken the wood, it is pre-coated with stain or other tinting compounds, and then, after drying, a varnish coating is applied on top of them.

After drying paintwork, the staircase will be ready for operation.

Photo instruction for creating a ladder made of wood

Step 1 - drawing of the future design

Video: another interesting option for mounting stairs to the second floor

If you need to install in the house, you need to carefully calculate each step of your work and approach it with all responsibility and accuracy.

The presence of several floors in the house provides for the arrangement stairs . It is of great functional importance; it is used for climbing to other levels, descending from them. This building is an integral part of housing, which must be remembered when arranging it. staircase design in private house is selected based on its design features, dimensions and other characteristics. It should be in harmony with other elements.

A good lift should be not only of high quality and reliable, but also beautiful, organically integrated into general style housing.

Staircase in the house - Required structure. Especially when it comes to a building consisting of several floors. It helps to safely and easily reach them. In addition, the staircase is an element of the interior. Equipping the house, she needs to pay special attention. It should fit harmoniously into the overall picture.

In the event that your Vacation home or the apartment has a second floor, then the need for a staircase is an obvious fact.

Type of stairs largely depends on the style formalized housing. Classic requires the use of expensive and high-quality materials. Perfect fit natural wood, decorated with interesting carvings, luxurious forging metal.

It is necessary to properly equip and design the structure so that the beauty of the stairs is in no way inferior to its practicality, reliability and safety.

If the interior made in a minimalist direction, then you should not use unnecessary details. Any design should be practically invisible. This also applies to stairs. It is appropriate to arrange railings made of transparent material e.g. Plexiglas.

Despite the fact that glass stairs have a design that is not quite familiar to the home, today the popularity of these designs is quite high.

Hi-tech is characterized by the presence of modern motifs in the interior. The staircase looks good, the railing of which is made of chrome material. Narrow boards act as steps. They are installed according to modern technologies. As a result, the impression is that steps soar. It looks impressive and mesmerizing.

In Russia today, wood holds the palm among the most popular types of materials.

Staircase made of natural materials fits perfectly into the eco-style. Moreover, all its elements must be exclusively wooden. Availability carved patterns on the designs suitable for ethnic style. Bamboo railings are a great addition to shaped room in Japanese style. Design rough forms fit into the country direction. Provence provides for the arrangement of white structures . You can emphasize its elegance with the help of forged or carved elements.

Wooden stairs are able to withstand heavy loads, while over time they do not deform and do not lose their attractiveness.

Options like structures enough. They differ not only materials, size, but also shape, type.

The location, type of stairs and material of execution are laid down at the construction stage.

When choosing the most suitable option, it is necessary to take into account many points:

  • General design of the room;
  • Room area;
  • ceiling height;
  • Host preference.

The shape and structure depend on the finish inside, the height of the ceilings, the area of ​​​​the room.

If the building has two floors, then it is well suited design from one or two routes. There are several types.

Construction type Peculiarities
On the kosour The device consists of beams. Each element is separately connected to the base. They are made from any materials . This type is in high demand. This is explained by the high rate of strength and safety. Depending on the design design there may be two or one support beams. As for the kosour, their shape is any. Looks good arbitrary, screw, straight.
On bowstrings The ladder has a complex design. steps attached directly to the beam. This is done from the inside, so it is almost not noticeable. Similar stairs has a stylish look. It emphasizes the delicate taste of the owners, gives room grace. It suits different styles interior design.
Boltsevaya It is made from steel tree. Bolts are used to connect components. Design very reliable and strong. She will last long years. Despite the heaviness of the materials, its appearance is quite light and weightless. It can be used in bright and airy design solutions. Here you can show your imagination: open or slamming steps of any shape.
screw Mainly set up in premises with a small area. It is produced from metal, wood . The shape is not only round, but also square. The octagonal composition looks original. All this expands the design possibilities.

Equipping the staircase, you need to remember about its harmonious combination with the overall interior.

It is worth paying attention not only to the external part, but also to the space under construction th. If it is properly equipped, then it will have a functional value. There you can place a sofa and coffee table. Get a great place to relax.

Spiral implementation in light eco-design.

Wooden construction: what is the main feature?

wooden stairs have occupied a leading position in popularity for many years. And this is not surprising. Similar designs have excellent indicators of strength, reliability and safety. Basically, they provide two routes. You can also find ladders from one or more.

You can replace expensive tree species with larch, cherry or pear. In this case, you will get resistance to moisture in the house.

In addition, it is worth noting the environmental friendliness wooden devices. Their aesthetic qualities are excellent. They complement any style of room well. They fit into the direction of country music, in which formalized private housing, and trendy loft. Their cost is low, especially when compared with metal structures.

Models from natural materials make the environment as comfortable as possible and are quite easy to care for.

It is worth making buildings out of wood hard rock. It is appropriate to use oak, beech, pear, pine. The price of such material not little. For those who want to save money, you can use larch.

wooden stairs must meet certain requirements. They refer to her size. The width is not less than 75 cm, the depth of the steps is 40 cm, the height is 20 cm. If necessary, these parameters can be adjusted.

It is also worth noting that its decoration should be in harmony with the rest of the stylistic design.

Metal device: pros and cons

Stairs can be made from one material or several. Metal constructions often supplemented glass elements, tree. The strength of such compositions is quite good. They are able to serve for many years. There are no problems during operation.

Metal stairs have a long service life - up to 50 years.

The advantages of such facilities consider that they meet the requirements fire safety. You can combine many lines: smooth and straight. Intricate shapes are harmoniously combined. This is good field actions for designers. Allows you to create unique variations stairs.

Like any other material metal has its downsides. They must be considered when choosing it for the manufacture of stairs. The main one is susceptibility to corrosion. To prevent damage to the appearance structures, material covered with a special protective layer.

Best to use stainless steel, it is resistant to corrosion.

Different rooms - any stairs

Staircase design in a private house largely depends on the size premises in which it is installed. If it is small, then it is better to give preference to its screw type. It will fit well on modest square meters. Its view is beautiful, creates a fabulous atmosphere. Despite this, this design has its drawbacks. Basically, they are related to operation. Raise to the second floor, there are objects on it large sizes very uncomfortable. They are mostly square round shape. Produced from metal and wood , sometimes glass. The design assumes a vertical arrangement steps, attached to the rack.

The spiral can be decorated with an installation in the form of decorative threads with beads hanging over the entire height.

If we talk about convenience, then route lifts to the second floor in this regard are the best option. Therefore, they are common. But you can install them only in a spacious room. Since the design is bulky and requires a large area.

They are presented in the form of marches, which form about 16 steps. If you need a device higher, then it is equipped with additional platforms. They are used to set up other marches. This version of stairs can be open or equipped with a door, with or without risers.

Classic mid-flight stairs with any features (straight, rectangular, rotary) are used in houses much more often.

Do not clutter up space ladders on the rails. Steps in such structures attached directly to the wall. To do this, use bolts, special pins. Thanks to this, she looks airy and weightless. Outwardly, it seems that the design is not reliable. But in practice, it is able to withstand heavy loads.

Lightness, translucency and at the same time the safety of the construction in glass.

Main mission

Stairs - an important item in a multi-storey building. It not only helps to move from one floor to another, but also becomes the main focus design. The design gives the room royal look, fills it with luxury.

Spiral staircase made of glass and metal.

Quite often she doesn't get close to interior, and design To her. Given the characteristics of the device, the style is determined in which the decorate the entire room . Depending on where it is located, a place for furniture is chosen. railing are a decisive factor in finishing works.

Criterias of choice

Safety and ergonomics at least important criterion choice stairs than interior style. Since it is designed for movement, it should not pose a threat to life. The device is in home where not only adults but also children live. Therefore, it is important to use safe materials. Some modern models can only be used in houses, not intended for permanent residence. Since the level of security of the structure is low.

Transitional design of a light metal spiral staircase, ideally fitting into a two-level modern style.

Choosing a ladder location is taken into account. If this is the center of the hall, then the front option will do. In the backyards of the house, you can set a secondary view.

It is worth paying attention to the thickness of the walls where the elements of the stairs are attached.

The wall must be large enough to support the weight structures . Otherwise, it will fail in a short time, repair will be required.

original design

Stairs can embody the most interesting design ideas. It can be arranged different ways. Thus, the bar of uniqueness will rise room design. But it is worth remembering that unusual designs may be inconvenient to use. Their security level is low. Therefore, the pursuit of originality must be deliberate.

Screw execution in Gothic mansions looks especially sophisticated.

To make a standard stairs interesting enough issue her railing is not the traditional way. It is also worth paying attention to the place under steps. If you lay it out with tiles with a bright ornament, then the overall picture interior filled with positive, will have a festive look.

Looks impressive stairs with a curved base. Its smooth forms are combined with the interior. steps in it are attached to the center of the base. So she doesn't look like screw . Must have in it railing . Especially in cases where there are elderly people and children in the house.

With wide and safe passages, you can do without railings at all, which will make the environment even more airy.

construction can be a great source of light. It is enough to place the light bulbs under the steps, railings. They also look original on niches, which are equipped along the walls. This option design stylish and modern looking.

Stairs can be a great attraction for children. In this case, it is supplemented with a slide. Children will be able to safely and safely have fun on it.

Construction is carried out according to custom order. Therefore, it will require money.

Often found stairs -closet. This is great option her arrangement. The space under the railing is rationally used. In this place, shelves are equipped with books and accessories. If they are closed, then storage of various things is allowed.

It can become an alternative to a full-fledged pantry or mezzanine.

If the house has a staircase, then it should be used to the maximum. It concerns not only her functional purpose, but also external data. Competent design design will make the interior unique, full of luxury. Such housing is always comfortable, the atmosphere in it is homely.

VIDEO: Staircase to the second floor - 50 ideas.

50 modern staircase design ideas for your home:

Functionality is no longer the only requirement for stairs in modern home. Even if the interior is made in a minimalist style, the design and decoration of the stairs must be carefully considered from an architectural point of view. Properly selected design and location can radically change the visual perception of the room, not only make it as comfortable and safe as possible to move around the floors. At the same time, a carelessly executed interfloor construction can deliver a lot of annoying troubles and troubles in further operation. The article will focus on the stairs in the interior of the house.

How to correctly design a staircase in a private house

  • It is necessary to decide in advance on the choice of stairs for the house, make a sketch and pick up necessary materials. Postponing these tasks to the last minute is not recommended, as it will be difficult to change anything later without violating the layout of the entire building.

Staircase design in the house photo

  • The staircase, its location and configuration are discussed during the design of the house, although it is mounted only after all the finishing work of the room in which it will be located has been completed.
  • First, it is determined where the steps will begin and where they will end, at what angle to place the supporting beams and whether they will be at all. The width is calculated - it should be such that it does not take up extra space, but at the same time it was comfortable enough to climb it in a two-way direction. The minimum width for a full-fledged lifting complex in a residential area is one meter, the maximum is three.
  • There should also be a space above your head and on turns that does not interfere with free and safe movement when going up and down. Side railings, width and height of steps are thought out. The optimal width is the length of the foot of an adult plus three centimeters, and the height is not less than 15 cm, but not more than 25 cm.
  • If the ceilings in the house are high, it is recommended to design a two-flight staircase. What is one march or span? This is a series of steps that is not interrupted. Overcoming a march longer than 10 steps is uncomfortable. Therefore, it is better to make two if required, or even three. The staircase in the center of the living room or hall looks very rich and solid, consisting of three flights: the lower one leads to the central platform, from which different sides the upper marches diverge, forming a gallery and a balcony on the second floor. This type is called palace and is only suitable for spacious mansions, as it takes up a lot of space. AT ordinary house or an apartment, quarter-turn or half-turn stairs with two or three marches are more functional and appropriate.

At the design stage, the material from which the structure will be made is determined. It must be taken into account that average weight stairs made of concrete about 2 tons. This is an additional load on load-bearing floors buildings, they must withstand it without problems. Therefore, if necessary, they must be additionally strengthened.

Types of stairs in the house

Most people, when it comes to stairs, imagine it to be wooden. And most developers offer to perform it according to a standard drawing in modular version. So for everyone it is easier, more convenient and in fact, almost always appropriate and advantageous. But it's boring. Therefore, if you want fresh and original ideas should be consulted with a good designer. He will offer so much for real unusual combinations shapes, materials and colors, such original approaches to execution and finishing that are difficult to come up with on your own.

If we talk about the design, then we can distinguish the following main types of stairs:

  • on a string- when the load-bearing beams are located on the sides and the steps are attached between them;
  • on the kosour- on a load-bearing beam or beams that are located at an angle. The same beams are fastening for steps;
  • on the bolts- when at one end the steps are attached to the wall, and at the other end they are sequentially connected to each other by rails - bolts;
  • screw or half screw- depending on the area of ​​​​the room, you can make one smooth turn at a soft angle, or two or three almost vertically.

Stairs are also classified according to the type of steps - straight or winder, according to the method of their fastening, according to the number of marches and turns, the presence of intermediate platforms. The material from which the base of the stairs is made and with which it will be finished also matters.

Materials used for stairs in a private house

There are no fundamental restrictions here. The staircase can be made of one material - wood, steel, cast iron, glass, or their combinations. The most popular wooden stairs, due to such factors:

  • environmental friendliness- wood is a natural, non-toxic material that can be safely used in the design of rooms for children and allergy sufferers;
  • beautiful appearance. The tree always gives the room a special homeliness and naturalness;
  • availability- you can choose the most inexpensive species, for example, pine, and it will be much cheaper in terms of material and labor costs than a wrought iron or glass staircase;
  • versatility. A wooden staircase will perfectly fit into any style of interior, and there is no limit to the variety of finishes, especially if you use additional materials.

In apartments with ultra-modern high-tech design, stairs made of stone or cement or glass look very appropriate. In the cottage, you can install a staircase on a cast-iron frame and line it with marble. Luxurious and beautiful stairs with wrought iron railings and balusters.

What else is worth paying attention to when choosing a finish and materials for it: how the staircase is located, from which side they look at it. If from the end, then the design of this particular side needs to be thought out with special care. Play on the contrast of colors, carve, emphasize the steps with inserts and elements from another, non-base material, etc. If the main view is straight, it is necessary to highlight the risers.

How to choose the right ladder

Choosing a ladder is actually not as easy as it might seem at first glance. The main difficulty is that later, at the end of construction and finishing work, if you suddenly don’t like something, it will be problematic to redo it. Therefore, you need to buy what really fits the first time. What aspects are important to take into account in this case?

  • Room dimensions. How smaller house or an apartment, the more compact the staircase should be, so as not to take away a solid part of the already small usable space. Least of all take up space spiral staircases, or ordinary ones, made in two or three spans. Looks especially advantageous in small houses rational design hallway with stairs.

  • Residents of a house or apartment. If there are small children, elderly or sick people, you should not order a metal and glass staircase with sharp corners, this may be unsafe. Injuries can also be caused by fixtures without handrails with steps that are too steep or with steps where the inner plate is missing. In this case, it would be wise to give preference to sloping stairs with reliable railings, wide balusters and frequent columns, it is desirable that the steps be sheathed with carpet.
  • Illumination. With the help of a staircase, you can make a darkened hall or hallway several times lighter if you place it against the background of a second floor window or balcony. The design of the hall wins if the space under the stairs is decorated with illuminated stained glass.

  • Interior style. In a modest-sized wooden country cottage, a wide sloping staircase with massive stone or marble railings will look out of place and cumbersome. While an apartment in a minimalist style with an author's design will lose its originality if you equip it with a standard wooden staircase.
  • Questions are often overlooked, which then bring a lot of unnecessary trouble. One of these is bringing furniture to the upper floors. It is good if the space in the house allows you to build a wide staircase with a sufficient span to raise a double bed or wardrobe upstairs. But what about a spiral staircase, along which it is difficult and unsafe to bring in a cabinet?
  • The color of the stairs is one of those moments that rarely get much attention. And in vain, even a wooden staircase can be chosen darker or lighter, thick burgundy and red or almost white. The color scheme of the room should not be disturbed in order to maintain comfort and attractiveness. Works also standard rule- a tight space will visually expand the white, black will look more cumbersome and even gloomy.
  • Having repainted the stairs or experimented with two or three colors, you can transform the whole room beyond recognition, give it a completely new style and view.
  • Now the design of living rooms is very popular, where stairs are mounted without bearing beams and side railings, the steps screw right into the wall and look like they are floating in the air. However, you need to understand that such a design is quite unsafe.

  • In accordance with generally accepted standards, any staircase with more than three steps must have a side railing. If we talk about the total number of steps, then it is desirable that it be odd - 3,5,7,9 and so on, but not more than 17 per march.
  • You can not place the ladder immediately behind the door. According to the same standards, the required distance from the threshold to the first step is at least one meter.

home staircase design

Of course, the main purpose of the stairs is the connection of floors. But if we discard the standard perception and look at this design from a new point of view, creative and modern - what design and design options are possible?

  • Attraction ladder. Which of the children has never slid down the stairs, lying on his stomach on the railing? Breathtaking entertainment for both the kids and their parents watching them from the sidelines. You can do something for your own peace of mind and entertainment for children - equip the stairs with a slide, a gutter located along its outer edge. You will have to pay extra for an exclusive project, additional materials and work, but there will be no limit to the delight of mischievous people.

  • Staircase as a light source. Place the backlight under the steps or railings, on the walls in niches along the stairs, this option will always look stylish and modern.
  • Ladder-cupboard. High railings can be designed as open shelves for books, CDs, and various accessories. And if you make lockable shelves, then it is convenient to store almost everything in them, this is a great alternative to a closet or mezzanines. This is a great option for designing a corridor with stairs.

  • For country houses with a small area, but two floors or apartments under the attic, which do not allow you to build a full-fledged, overall staircase, there are also many options. For example, ladder, which is a steel pipe-axle, on both sides of which small steps are attached for different legs. Reminds me of a ladder on a playground. It also helps to save space spiral staircase from steel rods and thin metal or glass plates.
  • Moth ladder- a great option to make even the standard design of a classic model more original. For its construction, oblique winder steps, different in width from the right and left ends. But if in winder ladder narrow ends converge at one point on one side, then in the moth they are located alternately. This model is also called "duck step". The moth staircase is very impressive, where the steps are made of wood or metal in contrasting colors.

  • Do you want to make the staircase as functional as possible? Then follows rational use of space under her. It is appropriate to place a clothes hanger, a coffee table, an armchair or a canape, a closet, a place to store a bicycle or a pram. For the living room, you can develop a project where a fireplace will be located under the stairs. Such a design will require very accurate and careful calculations, which can be entrusted better for professionals. The safety of the residents in the house depends on the quality and literacy of the development.

  • Depending on the location of the stairs, you can also zone the room- this technique is often used by designers. For example, a studio apartment is divided into a dining room and a living room, if you place a staircase in the middle of a spacious room. But at the same time, the placement of windows is important, the staircase should not obscure one of the parts of the room.

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