How to make a septic tank out of metal with your own hands. Metal septic tank - an affordable solution for autonomous sewage in a suburban area Metal septic tank how to do it

Today, there are a wide variety of models of septic tanks and local treatment plants on sale. However, the purchase finished product not suitable for every consumer. Many people prefer to build a septic tank on their own, especially if the sewerage system is being built in the country and the construction budget is quite modest. For homemade version you need a septic tank. Moreover, it must have sufficient volume, be durable and reliable. Consider what containers can be used in construction and how to install the purchased container with your own hands.

The septic tank is a practical, easy-to-use device for collecting and cleaning Wastewater. If you want to reduce the cost of building a local sewage system, you can build a treatment plant yourself by doing the installation yourself.

Can be used to make containers various materials, the main thing is that the sump chambers are sealed, and their volume is sufficient for high-quality settling of effluents. Consider what plastic containers for a septic tank can be used when planning the construction of a local sewer.

Types of containers

Choose suitable container for a septic tank is not an easy task. Firstly, it must be sufficiently voluminous, and secondly, it must be able to withstand ground pressure, since it will be installed underground. And thirdly, the container for the septic tank must be resistant to the aggressive environment of sewage. Let's see what options are available.

metal tanks

Many inexperienced builders believe the best option tanks for the sump tank - metal tank. In fact, this is a losing option, since the metal is prone to corrosion and will quickly break down under the influence of sewage.

It must be said that metal containers for the construction of treatment plants are not produced today, so homeowners use improvised material. As a rule, these are used metal tanks that were used to transport liquids.

This is an extremely unfortunate choice, since during operation these containers have become very worn out, so the built septic tank will quickly collapse.

Advice! If a metal tank is chosen as a container, the septic tank will last no more than three years. Only under the condition of high-quality anti-corrosion treatment, it can be expected that a metal container can last about 5 years. Therefore, it is possible to use metal containers for a septic tank for the construction of local sewage only if a temporary system is being built, for example, during the construction of a house.

concrete rings

Building a homemade septic tank from well rings cast from reinforced concrete is one of the most popular options. It turns out to be quite durable and, subject to the construction technology, can last several decades without requiring repair.

The disadvantages of this option include the significant weight of the rings; for construction, you will have to rent lifting equipment. In addition, like all prefabricated structures, it is not airtight enough.

Therefore, when installing such a structure with your own hands, you have to additionally carry out work to seal the joints between the rings. Joints are treated with concrete mortar (preferably prepared with the addition of liquid glass) and waterproofing mastic.

Plastic containers

No less popular are plastic containers for a septic tank. They are absolutely tight, resistant to corrosion, strong enough and reliable. In addition, such a container for a septic tank is light in weight, so when unloading them, it is possible to do without the use of lifting equipment. Light weight is a big plus if you plan to do it yourself.

If a plastic container is chosen for the construction of a local sewage system, it must be taken into account that light weight is not only positive characteristic but also certain disadvantages. The fact is that a light container can be raised by groundwater during their seasonal flood.

Floating to the surface, it destroys the entire sewerage system, so the elimination of such an accident requires a lot of labor. To prevent floating, as well as to reduce the loads exerted on the hull by soil, installation is carried out using a special technology:

They build a "sarcophagus" of concrete, in which a septic tank is installed;
Perform anchoring, fixing the hull on reinforced concrete slab laid at the bottom of the pit. If it is not possible to use special equipment for laying the slab into the pit, you can build a formwork at the bottom and fill concrete mortar with preliminary bookmark metal parts to which the straps holding the septic tank will be attached.

Today you can buy specially produced plastic tanks for a septic. Consumers have the opportunity to choose a tank of any size they need or even order the manufacture of containers to order. If you want to save money, you can use used containers - eurocubes or old ones, but, of course, whole plastic barrels.

How to build a septic tank from old barrels?

It should be noted that homemade septic tank from plastic barrels suitable only for equipping summer cottages on which it is not planned to install a large set of plumbing. This version of the septic tank is also suitable for a small traditional bath on the site.

But for a house in which a family is planned to live permanently, such a simple solution will not work. The fact is that the chambers must contain a three-day volume of effluents, and barrels have a limited capacity.

Advice! It is possible to plan to build a septic tank from barrels only if the cottage is not used for permanent residence and has a limited set of devices connected to the sewerage system. If there is a desire to install a bath in the country and washing machine, then you should look for a more productive option.

But choosing this option, installation with your own hands will be able to carry out even not the most experienced master, since the design is going to be quite simple. Installation is carried out as follows:

The trench is being prepared. Its depth must be less than a meter, width - 1.5 m., and length - about 6 m;
Now the first barrel for a septic tank is being prepared. It will be necessary to connect the sewer pipe coming from the house to it. It must also be equipped with a removable lid, necessary for the periodic removal of sediment;

The second barrel is connected to the first overflow pipe, in addition, a discharge pipe is connected to it, through which the settled water will flow into the drainage ditches;
When installing barrels in a ditch, the following rule is followed: the first one is installed so that its lid is at least 10 cm below the ground surface. And the second barrel is placed 30 cm below the first;
It is recommended to insulate the entire system so that the water does not freeze;
Next is the construction of drainage trenches. They should be covered with rubble and lay pipes with a slope in them. On this montage a simple septic tank can be considered complete.

Using plastic barrels for a septic tank, you can build an economical and simple treatment plant. However, this version of the septic tank has low productivity and is not perfect in terms of the quality of wastewater treatment. For the construction of installations for the processing of large volumes of wastewater, it is better to choose ready-made plastic tanks of the required capacity. Do-it-yourself installation in this case will be a little more difficult, due to large sizes containers. But on the other hand, such a septic tank will be able to cope with an impressive volume of effluents.

It is well known that the septic tank is considered the most successful and practical option treatment plant, which is part of the autonomous sewer system suburban economy. But before choosing a septic tank for your home, you will need to take into account a number of significant factors, the main ones being:

volume household waste accumulating per day, depending on the number of people living in the house, as well as on the number of plumbing devices used in the dwelling;
the condition and quality of the soil at the operated land plot, as well as the presence of groundwater (groundwater);
the degree of exploitation of a residential building, depending on whether people live year-round or live in it seasonally (only in the summer);
the amount of money allocated for the purchase of the necessary model of a septic tank.

Performance

The capacity of any wastewater treatment plant is its ability to effective cleaning of one or another volume of wastewater generated during operation country dwelling. This indicator determines the number and size of the chambers of the acquired structure. With limited volumes of wastewater, it is allowed to use a single-chamber septic tank pre-cleaning, which is quite coping with the processing of a small mass of household waste.

For efficient processing of large masses of wastewater (with a daily volume of waste generated in excess of 1 m 3) - you will need a septic tank model with increased productivity.

In the event that your country cottage area designed for seasonal family holidays - it will be quite possible to get by with a typical pre-treatment facility with a volume of up to 1 m 3.

This the simplest option The cleaning device is usually used as a simple storage tank, periodically emptied by the owner on his own, or with the involvement of special sewage equipment.

Anyone who would like to decide on the choice of a septic tank and plans to live in their country house permanently - the choice of this option is undesirable. With a large amount of waste generated, you will have to use the services of vacuum trucks too often, which in our time are not at all cheap.

Device options

Currently, each owner of a private house can choose the option of an autonomous waste collection system that suits his living conditions. To the most known species Such structures include installations using the biological principle of cleaning and the so-called storage (capacitive) septic tanks.

In installations with biological treatment the efficiency of the system can reach 70%, which, as a rule, is quite enough for post-treatment of waste to be carried out directly in the soil (without dangerous pollution).

Since anaerobic wastewater treatment methods are accompanied by the release of gases harmful to health, when arranging such treatment facilities a special fan riser is used.

In addition to the indicators mentioned above, the living conditions septic tank models may differ in the following parameters:

body material (concrete, plastic, metal or fiberglass);
its orientation when placed in the ground (vertical or horizontal position);
the number of treatment chambers (from 2 to 4 separate tanks);
its volume, selected depending on the daily amount of waste generated.

concrete structures

Concrete sedimentation tanks are made of iron concrete rings standard size, or poured into pre-prepared formwork directly at the installation site. In the first case, the cost of arranging a septic tank increases significantly due to the need to transport the rings to the installation site and then install them using special lifting equipment.

In the second embodiment, the duration of work increases significantly, since the operation of the sump can only be started after the final setting of the concrete. Septic tanks made of reinforced concrete rings are difficult to seal, they are of little maintainability and bulky. On the other hand, such structures (unlike plastic ones) are not threatened by excessive pressure from the soil and groundwater.

Metal sedimentation tanks

Since metal septic tanks require periodic treatment with anti-corrosion compounds, their maintenance will be too expensive. On the other hand, the indisputable advantage of the metal is the possibility of manufacturing a system of overflow pipes of a rather complex configuration from it.

The welding connections used are different. a high degree tightness, and for articulation with plastic pipes flange connectors with rubber cuffs can be used.

High hull strength and a large mass of such devices allows them to be installed in the soil without the threat of being pushed out by groundwater.

Plastic devices

Septic tank for a summer residence plastic material convenient in that it can be installed manually, while the tightness of all necessary connections provided through the use of conventional rubber cuffs. The plastic case does not need special protection, while the reliability of the built-in structural elements (system of partitions and overflow pipes) is guaranteed by the manufacturer.

When installed in the soil, plastic containers should be filled with water, which will ensure the preservation of their shape by equalizing internal and external pressures.

In the event that the model you purchased is equipped with special elements that increase the rigidity of the structure, the septic tank can be buried “dry” (without filling with water).

Video

You will definitely need helpful tips professionals, which are set out in the following video:

In the absence of a central sewerage, owners of private houses have to look for optimal solutions for the removal and disposal of wastewater. There are several options at once, including the use of cesspools, wells, etc.

But septic tanks are especially popular. They can be done independently, there are several options for these designs:

From concrete rings.
From plastic containers, including PVC.
From metal barrels.

A septic tank made of reinforced concrete rings is the most popular option.

Important! For construction, you only need to use quality materials then the equipment can last for a long time. It is not allowed to use rusty metal containers or concrete rings with traces of marriage and defects.

Each option has certain advantages and disadvantages, they must be taken into account when choosing suitable solution. If you want to install a septic tank, it will be useful for every owner to know the pros and cons of this structure. country house.

General information and benefits of these facilities

The septic is a system offline cleaning drains. It consists of two or three wells, which ensures the settling of mechanical impurities, the decomposition of organic waste and the removal of treated water. In the last well, a filtering bottom is made, the drains go into the ground.

What are the benefits of septic tanks? Here are some of the main advantages of this equipment:

Doesn't show up on site bad smell, but close the well covers tightly and perform additional ventilation.
It is not necessary to constantly call the cesspool. The vast majority of waste is completely decomposed and discharged into the deep layers of the soil. Silt can accumulate in the septic tank, mechanical pollution, but outside help very rarely needed.
The risks of soil contamination with waste are significantly reduced. All drains pass thorough cleaning, so the septic tank cannot have a significant impact on the state of groundwater. In any case, it should be installed away from the drinking water well.
The cleaning system can be used for a long time, it will not be necessary to transfer it to another place.

The main advantages of septic tanks are their high reliability. The simplest design you can build your own by choosing suitable materials. The main thing is to take into account all the features of the work, to create correct system cleaning.

During construction, you can save your own money. The economic component will be another advantage, because the price is important point for most owners country houses. Cost reduction is achieved in the following ways:

The advantages of septic tanks and in their high durability. The service life depends on the materials used for manufacturing. For example, models made of concrete rings can last several decades. Polymer structures can operate for 10 - 20 years, depending on the material. Metal structures serve the least, but it all depends on the alloy and its ability to resist corrosion.

For many owners, the ease of maintenance of these facilities will be an advantage. After installation, you do not need to introduce bacteria, constantly monitor operation and Current state. Various wastes slowly accumulate in the septic tank, and it can be cleaned every 3 to 4 years. This ensures additional benefits settings:

The cost of ongoing maintenance is reduced to a minimum, you further save your own money.
There is no need to exercise control, it is a completely autonomous system.
Optional to purchase additional funds and bacterial preparations. But they may be required during cleaning or with a large amount of organic waste.

Important ! During operation, observe certain rules, then the design will last a really long time. It is forbidden to pour hazardous and chemically aggressive substances into the sewer, they can damage individual elements.

disadvantages

There are also disadvantages of septic tanks, which can affect its arrangement and operation. To begin with, let's name the disadvantages that future owners face during the construction phase.

Our company manufactures and sells sewage tanks in Tyumen. We guarantee the quality of our products, and the compliance of our containers with the declared characteristics. Metal containers for sewerage are always in stock, it is also possible to order containers according to individual sizes. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the cases in which it is better to choose a metal container, how to choose and where to buy a metal septic tank?

Metal containers for sewerage in Tyumen are widely used. A metal septic tank has a number of advantages: tightness, structural rigidity, affordable price, easy installation. The main disadvantage" iron septic tank"is susceptibility to corrosion. Metal corrosion largely depends on the aggressiveness of the environment and the quality anti-corrosion coating. Practice shows that a container with a wall thickness of 4 mm has a period useful operation 18-25 years old.

Now about everything in more detail. First of all, storage tanks are made of metal, less often sectional septic tanks. A storage tank and a septic tank are two different concepts, despite the fact that we are used to calling any sewer tank a septic tank. The accumulator is a sealed container where drains enter through the pipeline and, as it is filled, the container is emptied by a vacuum machine. In the septic tank, on the contrary, the water settles and is diverted into the ground for post-treatment. In connection with the diversion of wastewater into the ground, a number of restrictions appear on the construction of septic tanks, including the distance from the well (well), house and fence. Often, due to the limited area of \u200b\u200bthe site, there is simply nowhere to mount a septic tank. With a high level of groundwater, it is also difficult to mount a septic tank. Since the runoff must be cleaned before it enters the aquifers. Considering everything listed problems many owners of private houses make their choice in favor of storage tanks. The storage tank is the simplest and at the same time effective type of wastewater disposal. The drive can be mounted regardless of the remoteness of the house, the fence and the source drinking water, of course, if the drive is sealed. Maintenance of the storage tank is extremely simple, after filling the tank, the water is pumped out. Constant pumping of wastewater is main disadvantage drive.

Let's see why metal containers are chosen, and not concrete, despite the fact that the metal is subject to corrosion. Metal tanks are a strong construction, but the main thing in order to buy a metal sewer tank is its tightness and ease of installation. On many sites in our city high level groundwater, this greatly complicates the installation of concrete tanks. Concrete containers are usually constructed from reinforced concrete rings; it is difficult to make a sealed container from rings. This is of course possible, but it is more time-consuming work, it is much easier to bury a metal container. Metal sewer containers are not high, which simplifies installation, while the rings are dug into the depth to obtain the required volume of the container. With a groundwater level of 1.5 meters, it is difficult to even dig a hole of the proper depth, not to mention the sealing of concrete rings in place, which is why metal tanks are preferred at high groundwater.

Storage containers can also be made of plastic. Plastic containers are sealed and resistant to corrosion. But a metal container for sewerage also competes with a plastic container, the main argument for choosing a metal septic tank is the price. As paradoxical as it may seem, a metal container is 2.5 times cheaper than a plastic one; in addition, a metal container is easier and cheaper to install. The plastic container must be attached to concrete base. and sprinkled with sand-cement mortar.

Thus, metal containers have a lot of advantages, we saw why many people choose them. The main disadvantage of metal containers is corrosion. Metal corrosion largely depends on the aggressiveness of the environment and the quality of the anti-corrosion coating. Practice shows that a container with a wall thickness of 4 mm has a useful life of 18-25 years.

How big should the container be? When choosing the volume of the drive, they usually start from the monthly water consumption and the volume of the tanker. On average, one resident consumes 200 liters of water per day, respectively, a family of 4 people per month will consume 24 cubic meters. m. of water. But containers for a septic tank, as a rule, choose less than a monthly consumption, and water consumption can be much less, because people usually do not sit at home all day. As a rule, choose a capacity of 5 m3 and 10 cubic meters and here, first of all, they are repelled by the volume of the sewer machine. Vacuum trucks based on Kamaz usually have a volume of 10 m3, and Zil 5 cubic meters.

Metal containers for sewerage can be rectangular, cylindrical and oval. Any container in the ground is subject to loads - it can be the pressure of the soil lying on the container, the pressure of groundwater, the forces of underground heaving, and all of the above at the same time. Therefore, the container must be equipped with stiffeners. Tanks of a cylindrical shape are preferable for installation in the ground, since the cylindrical shape allows you to distribute the load along the walls of the tank. A cylindrical container is less prone to collapse, but such containers must also be equipped with stiffeners. Many mount cylindrical containers without stiffeners and these containers cope with loads, but this largely depends on the diameter of the circle, wall thickness, groundwater level and the depth of the container, so we recommend equipping the container with stiffeners.

Oval-shaped containers will distribute the load worse, but as a rule they have a lower height, which greatly simplifies installation. Rectangular containers must be equipped with stiffeners or struts, and they will also cope with all loads. mount rectangular containers the easiest, and they are the least prone to surfacing.

We've reached another important issue How to make sure that the container does not float? Capacity in the ground up ground water usually happens in the spring. To avoid this situation, the mass of the container (and everything that it pulls with it) must be greater than the mass of the liquid it displaces. talking plain language if the container is 5 cubic meters, then a mass of 5 tons should lie on it, if 8 cubic meters then 8 tons, etc., this is provided that the container is covered with water entirely, if the water reaches half of the container, respectively, the extrusion force will decrease by 2 times. It is not necessary that the indicated weight lies exactly on the container, you can install weighting under the container and attach it. That is why a concrete slab is installed or poured under the tank.

So we turn to the choice of sewer capacity. The demand for a metal septic tank in Tyumen is large, so there are also plenty of offers to choose from. You can buy new sewer tanks and used tanks from fuel, water, etc. New sewer tanks, surprisingly, can also be made from used metal and new metal.

Let's start with used containers. Used containers are cylindrical containers from fuel, water, etc., produced back in the days of the USSR. Such containers are found in almost any volume, most often 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 cubic meters. For sewerage in a private house, containers from 5 to 12 m3 are usually used, less often 25 m3 and 50 m3. Naturally, the larger the capacity, the more expensive it is. There are ground and underground containers, it is better to choose a ground one, since metal rusts faster in the ground, and the container could be damaged during dismantling. But above-ground tanks can also be heavily corroded, primarily in the lower part of the tank. In general, when choosing a used container, you need to carefully examine it for corrosion on the metal. rusty metal covered with pits, if their depth is a millimeter on each side of the sheet, then 2 mm follows from the nominal wall thickness of the container. The resulting result will be the wall thickness of the container you are buying. Usually in such containers the quality of the welding seams is good, so it is enough to be convinced of this by examining a short section of the seam. It is worth noting that the diameter of such containers is at least 1.8 meters, so it will be more difficult to mount them than a special container for a septic tank, which has a height of not 1.5 meters. The cost of a used container for 5-10 cubic meters will be equal to the cost of a new rectangular container.

Special containers for sewage, as mentioned above, can be made from recycled materials. How high quality such a container depends on what was the material from which it was made. As with choosing a used container, you need to pay close attention to corrosion on the metal. Such containers are made in a handicraft way, therefore, it is also necessary to pay close attention to the quality of the seam. In the figure above, a metal septic tank from a pipe, such containers are made of a thick-walled pipe, which is cut in half, and inserted into the gaps steel sheets second-hand with a wall from 4 mm and above. Of course, the thinnest wall of the container will rot first of all, so the service life of such a container will be the same as that of a used container.

New containers for a septic tank are made of new metal, can have a rectangular and cylindrical shape. If you need to buy a container for sewerage, then it is best to choose a container made of new metal. All used metal, as a rule, has already been used for at least 20 years, and naturally rusted. The welding seam of a new metal container is much better than recycled containers. Moreover, the price of a container made of new metal is, without exaggeration, equal to the cost of a container made of used metal. But when choosing such containers, it is also necessary to check the wall thickness of the container. On the market a large number of not conscientious manufacturers who simply deceive the buyer and sell containers with a wall thickness less than declared. Every millimeter is very important here, since 1 mm is 5 years of service for your septic tank. Buy only from trusted suppliers.

All sewage tanks, both round and rectangular, must be equipped with a stiffening frame. A manhole in storage tanks is not always done, as shown in the figure. In storage tanks, the clot, as in a septic tank, does not accumulate, but is immediately pumped out, so there is no special need for a hatch.

Mounting sewer septic tank. After we have chosen a metal septic tank, we need to mount it. First of all, it is necessary to determine the place of the intended installation. The sealed accumulator must be mounted so that it can be serviced by a vacuum machine. The shorter the sewer pipe from the house to the septic tank, the less risk of its blockage. But close to a standing building, it is impossible to dig a foundation pit for the drive, since the walls of the pit can crumble. If you get a long distance from the house to the septic tank, then you need to install revisions every 12 meters of the pipeline. Revision is a well in order to clean the pipeline in case of blockage. Usually, a sewer pipe with a diameter of 110 mm is laid for a private house, the slope for such a pipe must be observed 2 cm per 1 meter. The hole needs to be dug with a margin, 30 centimeters on each side. It is easier and more efficient to dig a hole with an excavator than by hand. It is even easier, more profitable and more reliable to order installation from professionals.

A do-it-yourself septic tank is built from barrels, as a rule, in suburban areas where people live periodically - for example, in summer period, as well as temporary sewerage at construction sites.

Now it's easy to buy ready-made autonomous system collection and treatment of sewage, manufactured in the factory. It can be used as capital construction for a country house. But for arranging a septic tank in the country, where you only periodically rest, and do not live permanently, it makes no sense to purchase such a system due to its high cost and complexity of installation.

Much easier and more financially sensible to do it yourself the simplest sewerage using for these purposes metal or plastic barrels (both used and completely new).

A similar septic tank is constructed from tanks with a volume of 200-250 liters. It is clear that such tanks are not able to accommodate a large amount of wastewater. This fact is considered the main disadvantage of septic tanks from barrels. But the described structures have a lot of advantages. They are very easy to install. All work on the arrangement of sewerage is done by hand.

Tanks with a volume of 200 liters

The most time-consuming operation when installing barrels is digging a pit for them. You can do it yourself or order special equipment. In the first case, the costs will be minimal, but in the second, the work will take quite a bit of time. You choose.

If you want to use metal tanks or barrels, you should immediately take care of their treatment with special anti-corrosion compounds. Such containers have low resistance to aggressive effects of wastewater. Without additional protection it makes no sense to exploit them from rusting - in just a couple of seasons they will fail.

But a do-it-yourself septic tank made of plastic barrels will last you much longer and without anti-corrosion protection. True, the installation of such tanks will be more difficult. This is due to the low weight of plastic containers. They will have to be additionally secured to eliminate the risk of barrels being pushed to the surface during spring floods.

About the process of building a septic tank from plastic products we will talk in great detail. It is these autonomous temporary sewers that are most often built in summer cottages. And now we will briefly talk about the principles of building a septic tank from iron tanks.

When arranging a septic tank from iron containers need to dig a pit suitable sizes and in without fail to concrete its bottom. Then prepare two barrels, drill holes on their sides. In them you will insert the outlet of the drainage and the inlet of the overflow pipe. Remember - the tubular product coming from the house is always inserted into the first barrel with a certain slope. Due to this, wastewater will flow by gravity into the septic tank without any problems.

Important pro tips to follow when equipping a sewer system from metal barrels:

the second metal container should be installed in the pit a little lower than the first;
use barrels with a volume of at least 200 liters;
high-quality insulation of the septic tank from all sides is mandatory (it is not necessary to lay heat-insulating material only at the bottom of the pit);
the tanks are backfilled with soil, the septic tank is covered with roofing material, covers made of wood, iron (do not forget to make a hole in the coating through which the effluents will be periodically pumped out of the tanks).

Arrangement of a sewer system from metal barrels

If you want to increase the volume of the structure under consideration, it is allowed to install several barrels on top of each other and weld them together. In addition, additional iron jumpers can be mounted. They will provide a more secure fastening of the barrels. All joints between barrels should be carefully waterproofed. For this, hot bitumen is most often used.

Let's say right away. No matter how you set up the system iron barrels, after 3-4 years, metal tanks will have to be changed. They will begin to rot and rust under the influence of aggressive drains.

Despite the ease of installation of such sewers, you will have to clearly plan all activities. First, decide where exactly you will install the septic tank. It must be removed from the garage, sauna and other outbuildings by 1–2 meters, and from the residential building by 5 meters (at least). A wastewater collection facility is not built next to a well or well, from where clean water is supplied to the house.

Next, select your scheme autonomous sewerage. For multiple people using country septic tank in the warm season, a system of three barrels is recommended, which are connected in series with each other. Note! The first two containers must be with a bottom (they perform the function of settling chambers), the third - without it. The last barrel is essentially a filter well.

Sewer system from barrels

Principles of installation of plastic containers:

The second barrel is placed at the bottom of the pit 10 cm below the first, the third - lower by the same 10 cm in relation to the second.
Under the first two tanks, you need to equip a pillow from (its height is about 10 cm).
The barrels are connected to each other by sewer pipes (they are called overflow pipes). In this case, the outgoing tubular product is located 10 cm below the incoming one.
Under a barrel that does not have a bottom, a special cake should be made - a layer (0.3 m) plus a layer of sand (0.5 m). Such a pillow is necessary for the final post-treatment of wastewater soaking into the ground.

If at your dacha the groundwater is high enough, instead of the third barrel, filtration fields are equipped.

Now purchase the materials that will be required for the construction of a septic tank (barrels, geotextiles, small gravel, corners for connecting pipe products, 110 mm sewer pipes, sand) and proceed to the next stage of the planned event.

A pit for a septic tank is dug manually or with the help of vehicles. According to its parameters, the pit is made larger than the geometric dimensions of the plastic containers used. Along the entire perimeter of the pit, the distance between its sides and barrels is maintained at the level of 0.25 m.

The bottom of the dug pit is necessary:

tamp qualitatively;
fill it with sand (arrange a 10-centimeter sand cushion);
pour concrete solution;
mount metal embedded elements in the resulting base (barrels will be fixed to them, so they must be with loops).

Experts advise additionally attaching plastic tanks to a concrete base using special belts (they are called bandage). They give a 100% guarantee that the barrels will not float to the surface during a flood.

Fastening plastic tanks

Now let's take a look at the plastic containers. In the one that will be installed first, we make a hole (it must be at a distance of 0.2 m from the tank cover) for a pipe coming from a residential building. On the opposite side of the chamber, another hole is cut out (in relation to the first one, it is shifted down by 0.1 m).

Also, another hole is made in the first container. It is required to connect ventilation riser. Important advice! It is desirable to equip the first barrel with a removable lid. In this tank, after settling the effluents, there is always great amount solid waste. And this means that you will have to clean it more often.

Drill holes in the second one in the same way. plastic container. If you are planning to build filtration fields, you need to cut two holes in the second barrel, placing them at a 45-degree angle to each other. These holes are for installation. drainage pipes.

Installation of a septic tank, filtration well and filtration fields

The scheme for performing installation work is as follows:

Put two plastic barrels in the pit.
Connect pipes to chambers.
Doing backfill tanks, using a composition consisting of cement (dry powder) and sand. This backfill perfectly protects the structure from destruction during soil movements. The mixture is fed in layers of 0.25–0.3 m, and each layer must be compacted. At the same time as filling, pour water into the containers. Thus, you protect the barrels from deformation.
Pour a pillow of sand and gravel at the installation site of the third tank (a well for filtering wastewater), put the last barrel on the resulting cake and pour fine gravel into it (about a third).

Your septic tank is ready!

If instead seepage well you have planned the construction of filtration fields, the arrangement of the latter is done as follows:

For the installation of drainage pipes, dig trenches of the required size. They must have a slope (per meter of pipe products - 2 cm).
You lay geotextiles on the bottom of the trenches, its sections on the sides are thrown onto the sides of the ditch.
Fall asleep with crushed stone (height 0.3 m) geotextile material.
Place pipes for drainage on a layer of rubble. As such, it is allowed to use home-made products (make holes in ordinary steel pipes). But it is better to use factory perforated pipes.
Fill the trench with a layer of crushed stone and lay geotextiles on top (overlap width - about 0.1 m).

You just have to fill the ditch with earth. Fields for filtering drains are made.

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