The flora is diverse, different geographical latitudes have their own trees and shrubs, which are much easier to grow in appropriate conditions. But often in search of exotic gardeners master the cultivation of non-local crops, which are sometimes not very adapted to local conditions and require especially careful care. These in our Russian realities include an interesting fruit plant, chaenomeles, otherwise called Japanese quince.

The specifics of the genus Chaenomeles

Chaenomeles comes from East Asia, that is, from Japan and China. That is why one of the varieties of henomeles got the right to be called Japanese quince. In total, there are four pure varieties of this culture, plus several hybrid ones with flowers of different colors and different term maturation. Shrubs can be deciduous or semi-evergreen. Hybrids are more decorative, but unlike their progenitors, they endure winter worse.

Photo gallery of chaenomeles varieties

Quince beautiful variety "Nivalis" Henomeles Japanese (Japanese quince) Quince gorgeous variety"Nikolin" Quince beautiful variety"Geisha gyol" Quince medium grade"Cameo"

The heroine of our story, the Japanese quince, belongs to deciduous varieties and can grow in the best conditions up to three meters in height. In the northern regions, its height, of course, is less. Chaenomeles pleases with its fruits for a long time - as much as 70 years. And at the same time, it is resistant to diseases and is not attacked by pests.

In the cities, chaenomeles decorates flower beds and parks, being part of the landscaping program, but gardeners also successfully grow it on their plots.

Features of caring for Japanese quince

Henomeles is very fond of light and warmth, but does not like drafts at all. When planting it, choose a place both open and protected from the winds;

In the place where chaenomeles will be planted, as much snow as possible should accumulate in winter so that the tips of annual shoots do not freeze.

Japanese quince shows its best qualities on light sandy loam, but in general it is not picky about the type of soil and can grow on any of the proposed options;

Seedlings are planted on the site in early spring, before bud break. True, when buying a plant with a closed root system, you can safely plant it even in spring, even in summer, even in autumn.

The flowering of chaenomeles is an event, perhaps no less important and beautiful than fruiting.

How to plant

First thing to do before boarding Japanese quince- clear the selected place of weeds by carefully digging the ground. The dimensions of the landing pit should be 50x50x50cm. From organic matter and mineral fertilizers, you will need to create a mixture that needs to be added to the pit. The earth is mixed with humus in the amount of 2-3 kg, 200 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium nitrate are added per pit.

Chaenomeles does not like stagnant moisture, so pour a layer 15-20 cm thick at the bottom of the pit, which will consist of broken bricks, sand, pebbles and stones - excess water will flow into it.

On the drainage layer a mound of prepared soil mixture is poured on top, and a seedling is placed on this mound. Its roots are straightened so that they fall down, and do not bend up. Then the hole is filled with soil mixture to the level of the root collar. The seedling is watered, and the place around the trunk is mulched. In order for the seedling to grow more actively and bush better, it is cut to a height of 15-20 cm from ground level.

Chaenomeles is valued primarily for its decorative effect, planted in group and single plantings.

The distance between the seedlings is selected based on the type of plantings the chaenomeles will participate in. If you create from it hedge, leave a distance of half a meter between the bushes. When creating group compositions, three to five pieces of seedlings are planted at a distance of a meter to one and a half from each other. This is done so that when the crowns of trees grow, they do not interfere with neighboring ones.

To obtain fruits and subsequently make jam from them, plant two or three trees nearby different varieties. Each of them produces an average of 2 kg of fruits per season, and with optimal conditions growing up to 5kg.

Chaenomeles needs special care in the year of its planting. Periodic watering is an integral part of it, especially in the case of a summer drought. Regardless of the weather, you need to periodically loosen the soil under the seedling and weed out the weeds. In subsequent years, the care of chaenomeles is the same as for other fruit crops.

Proper pruning of Japanese quince will significantly increase its yield.

The Japanese quince bush needs to be properly shaped. Four to six one-year shoots are left on it, three to four shoots of two-, three- and four-year-olds, as well as two to three five-year-old shoots. Five-year-old shoots for the next spring will need to be cut along with frozen, vertically growing and creeping along the ground. Thanks to this method of forming a bush, you will receive a consistently rich harvest every year.

Improving productivity (video)

Compost, humus, fermented mullein, chicken manure and green weed extract combined with wood ash will have the best effect on the yield of the tree. The quince harvest is collected from the branches during almost the entire autumn in dry weather as the fruits ripen.

Japanese quince is often planted as an ornamental plant, forgetting that it is famous for its fruits. What is good chaenomeles, you can learn from this video:

Reproduction of chaenomeles is not so difficult task. You can do this with the help of seeds that are sown in October-November immediately in open ground, or you can plant them in the spring. But in this case, it will be necessary to stratify from two to three months in wet sand at zero temperature. Among other methods of reproduction, the best is vegetative in the form of cuttings in June. Chaenomeles reproduces well with the help of layering and root offspring.

Japanese quince on average produces up to two kilograms of fruit, but this is far from the limit. You can harvest until late autumn

It is quite possible to grow Japanese quince on your site in our latitudes if you properly prune the tree every year and protect it well from Russian frosts by covering it with snow. As a result, every year you will be able to harvest a good harvest of quince, from which excellent jam is obtained.

Japanese quince jam is extremely tasty and rich in vitamin C and other vitamins.

Planting Japanese quince (Japanese chaenomeles) will bring many benefits in the garden. Its fruits in raw form are usually not consumed because of the acidity and hardness. But dishes prepared from them (jams, conserves, compotes, marshmallows) are distinguished by a special taste and aroma. In addition, quince fruits are rich in vitamin C, they also contain many other vitamins and microelements.

Advice! When growing quince, do not forget: it is also known for its medicinal properties: it strengthens blood vessels, has an anti-sclerotic effect, relieves inflammation, treats colds, hypertension, and burns.

Special mention should be made of the beauty of quince bushes and trees during the flowering period. At one time, Japanese chaenomeles were grown in European countries only as an ornamental plant. It was used to decorate paths and alpine slides, planted separately in the middle of the lawn, and also used for bonsai and hedges.

What does quince look like

Quince is native to Japan, China, Korea. These are small trees or shrubs. They are characterized by arc-shaped branches, glossy small leaves with carved edges, sharp spines (in the majority of species, but not in all) and bright beautiful flowers. Flowers can be painted in red shades, as well as in orange, white and pink colors.

Chaenomeles blooms for about a month, luxuriantly and richly. Admiring her during this period is a pleasure. Growing quince will only produce fruit in the third year. They are similar to a pear or apple in shape. Fruits are painted in green, yellow or Orange color. The seeds resemble apple seeds. The waxy skin keeps the fruit fresh for a long time.

Japanese quince planting rules

Planting Japanese quince requires certain conditions:

1. We choose the soil. Quince loves moist, loamy soils rich in humus. However, it can thrive on both dense clay and dry sandy soils. Chaenomeles is sensitive to acidity (its level should correspond to the pH limits of 5-6.5). Limey soil is not suitable for growing a plant.
2. Light. Japanese quince grows well and bears fruit only in a sunny place, sometimes it is planted in a slightly shaded place, but then there may not be any fruit.
3. temperature conditions. Genomeles loves warm and mild climate. However, it tolerates winter well, especially under snow. If there is no snow cover, the plant must be sheltered from frost.
4. Moisture. Quince can be called a drought-resistant crop; it is often unnecessary to water it. The exception is juveniles. Immediately after planting, they need moderate moisture. But water must not be allowed to stand.
5. Drafts and cold winds are undesirable for young plants. Plant them on the south side of the site.

Chaenomeles are planted in the spring, and the place where the cultivation will take place is prepared in the fall.

First you need to weed out the weeds and dig up the area. If necessary, add sand, leafy turf, organic and mineral fertilizers(compost, phosphorus, potassium). Such a composition will make the soil loose, well-permeable to air and water.

It is advisable to plant quince in open ground when it is two years old after growing in a special container. They carry it along with the ground without damaging the roots. To do this, prepare holes with a circle of half a meter in diameter, the depth should be from 500 to 800 cm. In them, you need to put humus with a volume of two buckets, add superphosphate (in the amount of 300 g), potassium nitrate (up to 30 g), and ash (half a kilogram) will do. ).

Advice! When planting, the root should be completely underground, however, not too deep. Seedlings should be well watered and mulched with humus. Plants do not like to be disturbed, so it is advisable not to transplant more than once. At the selected location, you can grow quince up to 60 years old.

If you plant plants, then it would be reasonable to plant them in increments of up to 500 cm. The distance between plants arranged in separate groups should be about a meter.

courting chaenomeles

Japanese quince care includes the following points:

• Loosening and weeding. It is necessary to carry out these procedures regularly in the summer, the trees will delight you with more magnificent decoration in gratitude for this.
• Mulching. Produced so that the soil layer retains moisture for a long time. Pour a thick layer (about 5 cm) of peat, crushed tree bark, sawdust around low shrubs. The best time for mulching is late spring. In the fall, this procedure is also carried out, but after the onset of frost.
• Crown formation. Bushes and trees should be pruned in a timely manner (every year). Total number shoots should be no more than twenty pieces. Branches that go up are cut off before the buds hatch. , in autumn period it is better to avoid this, as this may cause the plant to freeze.
• Top dressing. In the third year after planting, chaenomeles need to be fed. Do this in early spring. Organic and mineral fertilizers are used: the near-stem area is filled with compost, potassium and superphosphate. In summer, you can fertilize with liquid mixtures: ammonium nitrate, bird droppings.
• Watering. It is produced quite rarely, if there has not been rain for a long time. When planting young plants, moderate soil moisture is also necessary during the period of active growth.
• Sanitary care of branches. Old, drying branches should be removed in the spring, especially those lying on the surface of the earth, growing horizontally.
• Creation of conditions for wintering. Protect bushes from cold and winds, shelter them spruce paws, fallen leaves, install shields that hold back the snow cover. Young plants are covered with a special covering material; for small individuals, cardboard boxes or wooden boxes are suitable as shelters.

How quince reproduces

Quince cultivation can be done by seed and vegetative methods.

Seeds can be planted directly in open ground. Do it before the onset of winter. Not all of these seedlings will sprout, but they will be hardened and strong.

You can sow the seeds in spring. With this sowing, the seeds must be stratified (three months with a temperature of zero degrees). Stratification is an imitation of natural winter conditions(creating a cold wet environment) when the seeds under the snow accumulate moisture and nutrients and prepare to wake up with the onset of spring. Without such a procedure, the seed may rot during planting without sprouting.

Advice! Seedlings need to be grown for about two years and then planted in a permanent place.

Plant grafting and propagation by cuttings

Such methods are used in order to preserve the characteristics of a particular varietal species.

Cuttings are pruned in the summer in the early morning. They are planted in soil from sandy and peat layers. It is advisable to use growth stimulants, for example, Kornevin. If the weather is favorable (from 20 to 25 degrees), the cuttings will take root after a month or a half.

Can be propagated by layering. To do this, take a side branch, drop it in for rooting. In autumn, the shoots that appear are divided according to the number of vertically growing ones and planted in selected places.

Plant Japanese quince in late spring. A cut in the shape of the letter T is made on the bark of the stock, and a scion is placed there. Press these parts, tightly tying them. After a year, in case of successful engraftment, the bandage can be removed.

If you like chaenomeles, try growing it in your garden plot. By following the simple rules and recommendations for caring for this pretty plant, you will appreciate the benefits of growing it in your garden.

Do not forget that in addition to the decorative function, quince has a lot of useful and nutritious properties. By planting it, you will be provided with fragrant and juicy fruits for a long time.

Chaenomeles, or Japanese quince

Japanese quince, or chaenomeles, - shrub that was known to the ancient Greeks, who valued this plant for its medicinal properties.

It seems that there are four species that are naturally distributed mainly in Japan and China, hence the name of the plant. This shrub, depending on the growing conditions, is either deciduous or semi-evergreen and has a surprisingly beautiful flowering. Its spreading shoots are covered with sparse spines. The leaves are small, shiny, dark green in color, arranged alternately.

Japanese quince is used both for fruit production and for decorative landscaping. The shrub looks especially good on the garden plot during the flowering period, when its shoots are literally strewn with dozens of large bright red flowers.

Japanese quince is undemanding to growing conditions, but rich in humus, fertile soils best suited for her. However, this shrub can grow on rather poor soils and even with a lack of moisture. Perhaps the only prerequisite for the normal existence of a plant is a sufficient amount of light.

genomeles- long-lived plant. In one place, the bush can develop and produce stable yields for about a hundred years. It is propagated by sowing seeds, green cuttings, layering and dividing the bush.

In garden compositions, chaenomeles is successfully combined with forsythia, low almonds, heathers, spireas, magonias, and any other options are possible to your taste.

Let us dwell in more detail on the types of chaenomeles, which are most widespread.

Chaenomeles japonica, or Japanese quince. Homeland of this species- China. The plant is densely leafy and reaches a height of 3 m. The bush is very voluminous, often, growing, it can occupy up to 5 square meters. m. The flowers are very large, reach a diameter of 5 cm, with a rather rare scarlet-red color of the petals, collected in shields of 5-6 pieces.

In Russia, this shrub is distinguished by rather early flowering, sometimes even before the leaves bloom on the plant. The duration of the flowering period is highly dependent on growth conditions, the weather at this time, usually flowering lasts 15-25 days.

Chaenomeles Japanese is a fairly early-growing shrub, the plants enter the fruiting period already at the age of three. The fruits usually ripen in the middle- By the end of October, mature ones have a bright yellow color and reach a diameter of 8 cm. But with sufficient precocity, Japanese quince grows rather slowly, the growth of its shoots usually does not exceed 5 cm. As already mentioned, the plant is demanding on light.

Japanese quince is not only a fruit plant, it is successfully used to create hedges (it tolerates a haircut well), suitable for group and single plantings.

Henomeles Mauleya, or low Japanese quince. This plant is native to Southeast Asia, often found in the mountains of Japan and China. As a cultivated plant, it has been grown since the end of the 18th century. Henomeles Maulea- low-growing shrub with very strong, arched shoots and spines, reaching 1.5 cm. It has very decorative delicate emerald green leaves, densely arranged on twigs.

Shoots during flowering are literally strewn with large brownish-red flowers, collected in inflorescences of 4-6 pieces. This splendor lasts quite a long time, faded flowers are replaced by new ones, and often flowering is extended for 18-25 days.

In addition to attractive flowers, this chaenomeles also gives fragrant fruits, which appear on the plant already in the third year of life. The fruits, tightly attached to the branches, fully ripen in mid-late October, sometimes even falling under frost. Ripe fruits are quite heavy, sometimes their weight exceeds 50 g, and the diameter is 4-6 cm.

Iva is beautiful. This is a shrub with thorny shoots and dense shiny leaves up to 8 cm long, young leaves are reddish, then they turn bright green, and in autumn- crimson.

Plants of this species bloom in mid-late May, flowering is plentiful, lasting up to 20 days. Flowers are medium sized, bright red. The quince of this species is very photophilous, prefers light soils rich in organic matter, although it tolerates poorer soils, it is tolerant of high acidity.

It enters the fruiting season quite early, the first fruits can be obtained when the plant reaches the age of five.

Chaenomeles of Catania. Homeland of this species- China. The plant is tall shrub(up to 3 m). Flowering stretched- 25, and sometimes even 30 days. The flowers are deep pink, rather large, up to 4 cm in diameter, usually collected in 2-3 pieces. The shoots are very prickly, rather rare gray-brown color. The leaves, as well as the shoots, are distinguished by an unusual color that changes depending on the season: spring- dark purple, and summer - dark green. Another unique feature of this species- the leaves below are light and less pubescent, in addition, their length ranges from 1 to 3.5 cm.

Fruiting annual, plentiful. The fruits are ovoid, large, reach 75 g. Ripe in mid-September. This chaenomeles is quite fast-growing, the first fruits can be obtained already in the fourth year of the plant's life.

All of the listed types of chaenomeles can be used both for decorative purposes and as a fruit plant. For normal growth and development of plants, full flowering and obtaining stable and high yields, it is necessary to observe agricultural technology.

Sunny and open places- most suitable for chaenomeles. However, it should also be taken into account that the winter hardiness of chaenomeles is average, in frosty winters the ends of annual shoots may freeze slightly. Therefore, preference should be given to those parts of the garden where in winter period enough snow accumulates, which will save the shrub even from the critical temperature of minus 35-37 degrees.

The plant feels great on various soils, with the exception of soils with a strongly pronounced alkaline reaction. Light, well-moistened soils with a high content of organic matter and slightly acidic environment. In other soil conditions, annual application of organic and mineral fertilizers is necessary.

For planting in a permanent place, it is better to take only two-year-old chaenomeles seedlings and plant them in early spring and always before the buds open on the plant. The distance between plants depends on the purpose of planting. For example, for a hedge, it should not exceed 1 m, and for fruit plantations, it should be at least 1.5 m. When planting, it is important not to deepen the root collar too much, it should remain at soil level.

Caring for chaenomeles consists of fertilizing, watering, mulching, loosening the soil, pruning and sheltering plants for the winter. You need to feed the bushes quite often- at least 3 times per season. In the spring, scatter around the plant nitrogen fertilizers, after flowering and harvesting, phosphorus and potash are introduced. Plantings can be watered about once a month, but you need to loosen the soil often, moreover, combining it with weeding.

The soil around the bushes is mulched with peat, sawdust, bark, laying them in a layer of 3-5 cm.

Japanese quince is pruned no more than once every five years, they usually do it in the summer, after flowering, removing underdeveloped, dry, broken and old branches.

When propagated by seeds top scores gives autumn sowing. In this case, the seeds are taken from freshly ripened fruits. In order for the seeds to sprout well and amicably during spring sowing, stratification is necessary. Seeds are kept in wet sand for two months at a temperature of 0-3 degrees. For 1 line m usually sown 4-5 g of seeds. Seedlings are abundant, and in the second year of life, the plants are already suitable for transplanting to a permanent place.

Vegetative propagation contributes to the preservation of cultural characteristics of plants. The best way- green cuttings. In June, non-lignified shoots are cut (cutting length 10-12 cm) and planted in a greenhouse with specially selected soil (peat, earth and sand). Cuttings should be in conditions of artificial fog (frequent watering- 7-8 times a day; water, evaporating, creates increased humidity in the air- fog).

Green cuttings of chaenomeles root quite well, and already in autumn (end of September- beginning of October) planting material suitable for planting is obtained.

Reproduction by layering- quite old and reliable way, allowing to obtain planting material of good quality with minimal cost. The method of propagation of chaenomeles by root offspring is less effective, since it is necessary to have several dozen plants to obtain good planting material.

Grafting with cuttings is perhaps the fastest way to propagate chaenomeles. It consists in grafting a cutting with 2-3 buds onto a stock, which can be used as a pear, mountain ash, shadberry and hawthorn. Grafted cuttings quickly start growing, often the first flowering is observed already in the year of vaccination.

Summer budding- another view vegetative propagation, in which not a stalk is grafted, but an eye (kidney). With the help of budding, standard forms of chaenomeles can also be obtained; for this, the eye is grafted at a height of 1-1.5 m.

N. Khromov , All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture. I. V. Michurin, Michurinsk

Henomeles Maulea

Henomeles Maulei (Chaenomeles Maulei C. K. Scheid.), or low Japanese quince, the last clarification is important, since there is also high Japanese quince, whose bushes are higher, flowers and fruits are larger, but which is less winter-hardy. Birthplace of genomeles Maulei- mountainous regions of Japan, the plant was brought to Russia in 1776, but for a long time it was not widely used. It is squat, up to 1.2 m in height, semi-creeping decorative and fruit bush living up to 60-80 years. AT landscape design used in biogroups, borders, rock gardens, as a solitaire (single). Grows slowly. Photophilous, drought-resistant, can exist on various soils, but good harvests gives only on rich loamy and sandy loamy soils, with a pH of 5.5-6.0 (slightly acidic), with normal moisture. Carries out excess moisture. Resistant to gas and dust. The root system is deep. In winter it withstands temperatures down to -30°C. Winters well under snow. To do this, in the fall it is enough to bend the branches to the ground with two or three boards. Uncovered ones sometimes freeze slightly, but quickly recover.

The crown is openwork, decorative. The branches are widely spread, numerous, arcuate, descending to the ground; bear spines up to two centimeters long (in some forms- sometimes absent). Covered with shiny obovate leaves up to 3-5 cm long, with stipules. The flowers are bright orange-red shades, rarely white or yellow, up to 3.5 cm in diameter, collected in 2-4 pieces. Flowering is plentiful, lasts about 30 days, from the last days of May. The species requires cross-pollination, so at least two or three plants of different origins must be grown on the site.

Fetus- false apple weighing 20-30, in selected forms- up to 150 g, and 2-5 cm in diameter. They have a turnip-shaped, more often apple-shaped or cubar-shaped (pear-shaped) shape, usually ribbed. Ripe fruit color- from green and yellow to orange and light brown, sometimes with a red blush. The seed chambers are large, containing 50-80 seeds. Weight 1000 pcs. recent- about 2.5 g. The pulp of the fruit is firm, juicy, sour, sometimes astringent, very fragrant. They ripen in September- October, after the leaves have fallen. The yield is two to three kilograms per bush. Frosts at -3 ° C cause them to freeze, so the fruits are removed no later than the second half of September. Frozen, frost-beaten, although they remain edible, they become soft, wadded (like similarly damaged apples), lose their taste greatly, and most importantly- completely lose their wonderful aroma. So this cannot be allowed. Taken unripe, they reach well in the bed. At a temperature of 2°C and a humidity of 90%, they can be stored until February.

Fruits contain up to 5-8% acids (mainly citric), 2-4.5% sugars, 0.7-1.3- pectin and 1.5-1.7 tannins, 0.4-0.49% cellulose. The content of vitamin C in them is very different and ranges from 25 to 182 mg /%; and it is well preserved in processed products. Vitamin P is up to 900-1000 mg /%, in addition, it contains carotene, vitamins B, B2 "PP; high iron content - 0.3%, a lot of aromatic essential oil. The fruits are also rich in biologically active substances. For fresh consumption they are only useful to a limited extent, only in tea instead of lemon, they are too sour, but processed products from them are excellent.

Especially good jam- wonderful in taste and aroma. If he had not cooked and eaten it himself, he would not have spoken. Jam is prepared as follows: for 1 kg of fruit, take 1.3-1.5 kg of sugar, 1 glass of water. The fruits are washed, cut into pieces, cleaning the seeds, pour boiling sugar syrup, leave to infuse for 6 hours. Then the syrup is drained, the fruits are laid out in jars and again poured with syrup heated to 90 ° C, after which they are pasteurized for 15 minutes.

Of the fruits of chaenomeles, jelly, marmalade, pastille, syrups, candied fruits, juices, compotes are very tasty.

To prepare compote for 1 kg of fruit, take 600 g of sugar and 0.8 liters of water. You can grind with sugar, or just sprinkle them with finely chopped pieces of fruit.

In addition, low quince fruits give an excellent taste and aroma when they are added to processed products of other fruits. It is best to blend the latter with apples, pears, plums. They are increasingly used in the canning, confectionery, and alcoholic beverage industries. Pectins contained in fruits bind and remove toxins, toxic substances, radionuclides from the human body. Therefore, they are widely used for medicinal purposes. In addition, fresh fruits, their juice, as well as an infusion of dry ones, are useful for low acidity; they also have tonic properties.

Mauleya chaenomeles are propagated by seeds and vegetatively: green, lignified and root cuttings, dividing the bush, horizontal and arcuate layering, overgrown, sometimes grafted. Grafted plants are often transferred to their own roots, deepening the grafting site into the soil. When propagated by seeds, they are sown 80-100 pcs. per linear meter of row (rows are spaced 20 cm apart), preferably in autumn. For spring sowing, they are stratified for 50-60 days at a temperature of 1...5°C. When 3-4 true leaves appear, the seedlings are seated or thinned out at a distance of 6-8 cm. In the first year they grow up to 40 cm tall. Lignified cuttings are cut in spring 10-15 cm long, preferably from offspring shoots, treated with growth substances, planted in greenhouses. And green - in June, with two or three internodes; planted in a greenhouse with a fogging installation. Layers are propagated similarly to other fruit shrubs (currants, gooseberries). You can graft Japanese low quince on common quince, pear, hawthorn, shadberry. At the same time, it itself serves as a good dwarf stock for some varieties of pears, apple trees, as well as mountain ash and hawthorn. It is better to plant bushes in early spring, placing 2-2.5 x 0.8-1 m. Soil preparation- as for others berry bushes. care- watering as needed, fine loosening, weed control, fertilizer, top dressing. Every year, 25 g of urea is applied per 1 m2 in the spring, every two years in the fall when digging (on the same area)- 4-6 kg of manure or compost, 25 g of double superphosphate and the same amount of potassium sulfate. They are usually fed with mullein (1:10). Branches are pruned annually. Remove broken, diseased, intertwining, frail, thickening, as well as vertical and lying on the ground (if layering is not needed), and branches older than five years. The bush should have 3-4 branches of each age from one to five years. Older- removed and replaced with young ones. In general, the bush should have at least 10-15 different-aged skeletal branches. Chaenomeles tolerates pruning well.

He does not have many pests and diseases: scale insect, spider mite, moniliosis ( fruit rot). Control measures- standard. Damaged by rabbits. On soils with an alkaline reaction (pH > 7) it is affected by chlorosis.

Since Mauleya chaenomeles was originally cultivated for a long time only as decorative look, then among more than 90 of its varieties (all of them of foreign selection) there are no fruits yet, only decorative ones. Here are the most beautiful and promising of them: Simone - crimson-red flowers, large, green fruits; Elly Mossel - flowers are dark red terry, fruits are large dark green; Crimson and cold - the flowers are dark red, the fruits are yellow with a blush. Chaenomeles can be used to stabilize the soil, create low hedges, it is very suitable for bonsai-style formation.

In conclusion, I would like to once again recall the most important advantages of Japanese low quince- these are high decorativeness, precocity, annual and plentiful yield, plasticity, unpretentiousness, ease of reproduction and care, keeping quality of fruits, resistance to pests and diseases.

V. Starostin , dendrologist, candidate of agricultural sciences Sciences

(Gardener No. 49, December 15, 2011)

genomeles

History of cultivation

In the photo: chaenomeles in bloom (G. Kazanin)

Chaenomeles was introduced into culture back in ancient times peoples of East Asia. It was grown for the fruits used in medicine, for flavoring dwellings, as well as with decorative purposes. The botanical classification of chaenomeles was carried out at the end of the 18th century, and it was soon introduced into Europe. From the middle of the 19th century, the "golden age" of chaenomeles begins. His beauty conquered the whole world. Japanese artists and English poets, inspired by beautiful images, created their works. When describing a new plant, researchers often forgot the strict and dry language of science and switched to a sublime style. So, when reading the description given by the famous gardener Van Gutt, you are imbued with the author's enthusiastic attitude towards a magnificent object. British gardeners, when characterizing their pet, used the entire set of excellent English epithets.

Chaenomeles was included among the twelve best shrubs. European, American and Japanese breeders have created many ornamental varieties, differing in color, size, degree of doubleness of flowers. About a hundred of them are widely cultivated and are currently around the world.

The fruits of chaenomeles have long been used as food by the inhabitants of East Asia, and then Europe and North America, noting the pleasant taste and wonderful aroma of processed products. However, nowhere did it become one of the most important fruit crops. A number of small industrial plantations were founded in the 30-60s of the last century in the USSR in Ukraine, but this culture was not widely spread there. First of all, this was due to the lack of valuable selected forms and the poor development of the fruit processing industry. The experience of Latvia was more successful, where in the 70-80s of the last century quite large production plantations were created and the industry mastered the production of many types of food products.

Now in the countries of Eastern and Northern Europe, interest in chaenomeles has increased as a promising fruit crop that meets the requirements of modern intensive and environmentally friendly agriculture. Among amateur gardeners of the former Soviet Union, the cultivation of chaenomeles as a new fruit and ornamental crop began to spread especially after the Great Patriotic War. In the early 50s of the last century, this plant was already quite widely grown by a significant number of amateur gardeners in the central strip of the European part of Russia. I made the first attempts to grow chaenomeles in my garden in Sverdlovsk in 1955.

Nutritional and medicinal properties of fruits

According to the biochemical composition of fruits, chaenomeles stands out among other pome crops, approaching lemons in terms of basic indicators. The characteristic features of fruits are: low sugar content (2-4%), with the bulk of sugars represented by glucose and fructose, high content of organic acids (4-6%), pectin substances (1-3%), vitamins C and P (respectively 50 -200 and 800-1200 mg/%). Carotene, thiamine, nicotinic acid, pyradoxine and other vitamins were also found in the fruit pulp. The seeds contain tocopherol, unsaturated fatty acids and a number of other biologically active compounds. All these substances are important components balanced nutrition, and their presence increases the value of chaenomeles fruits. In addition to the presence of a multivitamin complex, the importance of pectins and fiber should be emphasized, which contribute to the release of toxins, radionuclides, heavy metals, and cholesterol from the body. The high content of ascorbic acid and bioflavonoids, which enhance the effect of each other, makes it possible to recommend the fruits of chaenomeles for consumption with preventive and medicinal purposes at infectious diseases, diseases of the digestive system, respiratory, cardiovascular diseases and others.

Chaenomeles fruits are not used fresh because of the hard, highly acidic pulp, used for various types of processing. The most popular types of products obtained are: extract, syrup, jam, marmalade, marmalade, candied fruits, prepared from fresh ripe fruits that have acquired a characteristic yellow color and pleasant aroma.

To obtain an extract, washed fruits are cut in half, lengthwise or across, the seeds and core are removed, cut into slices and pieces. Sliced ​​fruits are poured with sugar (1-1.3 kg of sugar is taken per 1 kg of fruit), left in a cool place for one to two days. The resulting extract is drained, poured into a bowl and stored in a cold place, using as needed, or canned for long-term storage. Used for cooking various drinks, sweet food.

Other types of processing are carried out according to the recommendations common to all types of fruit raw materials, described in detail in popular literature. Excessive acidity in some types of processing, for example in pure chaenomeles marmalade, can be removed by neutralizing the excess with baking soda. It can also be recommended to prepare a semi-finished product in the form of natural juice, sugar extract, puree, dried and frozen fruits that can be stored long time and use it to prepare various dishes. Yes, and fresh fruits of chaenomeles at a low positive temperature (1-2 ° C) and high humidity can be stored for a very long time until a new harvest and used for consumption as needed. Such conditions can be created by storing fruits in tightly tied plastic bags in the basement, cold closet, cold store. So, in my experience, the fruits of chaenomeles in a tied plastic bag in a cold cabinet were well preserved until June of the next year.

Chaenomeles fruits can also be used to replace lemons in tea, culinary recipes, for blending with low-acid fruit raw materials (chokeberry, fresh-sweet apples and pears, etc.) and vegetable raw materials (pumpkin, carrots, etc.) ...

V. N. Shalamov

Solid but very useful

The red summer has faded, the red summer has flown by, but left behind a lot of tasty and healthy "gifts". True, some of them remain unclaimed by the hostesses. Among these "outcasts" is Japanese quince, or chaenomeles.

If at the beginning of summer it decorates our gardens with scarlet, like a blazing fire, large flowers, then in autumn small fruits with a thick rough peel and an extremely sour taste ripen on the bushes. It is no coincidence that in many countries chaenomeles are used instead of lemon, acidifying jam, compotes and tea with it. The fruits of Japanese quince are incredibly useful: they contain a lot of ascorbic acid and calcium, there are also salts of potassium, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and vanadium. And in terms of iron content, chaenomeles surpasses pear, strawberry, apple, and even the recognized "iron lady"- cherry.

Eating fresh or processed fruits is useful for beriberi, rheumatism, arthritis, gout, type II diabetes (in this case, the preparations are made without sugar), cardiovascular diseases, in particular, for mild forms of hypertension, they are also very good for pregnant women, as they help to cope with toxicosis.

With beriberi, as well as for the prevention and treatment of colds: 2 tbsp. spoons of crushed fresh fruits of chaenomeles pour a glass of boiling water, insist under the lid for 2 hours, strain. Drink a quarter cup of infusion two to three times a day half an hour before meals (if desired, it can be sweetened with honey).

And to strengthen immunity, especially in the winter-spring period, you can prepare a delicious medicine: cut the fruits into thin slices (after removing the seeds from them), put them in a jar, pour honey in a ratio of 1: 2 and keep a week in a dark place. Keep refrigerated. Take 2 teaspoons one to two times daily, one hour after meals.

With edema of cardiac origin, as well as to strengthen the walls of blood vessels: 5 tbsp. spoons of crushed fresh fruit (together with the core), pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, bring to a boil, then pour into a thermos and strain after 4 hours. Take 1/3 cup of infusion twice a day (preferably in the morning) half an hour before meals. During treatment, follow a salt-free diet.

For arthritis, rheumatism, gout as additional funds treatment: 4 tbsp. spoons of crushed fruits of chaenomeles pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, keep on low heat for 15 minutes, leave for 2 hours, strain and add boiled water to the original volume. Take 1/3 cup of decoction three times a day 20 minutes before meals. The treatment is long.

For diarrhea: 2 tbsp. spoons of crushed fresh fruits of chaenomeles, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, strain. On this infusion, prepare jelly for potato starch. Drink warm jelly 0.5 cups two to three times a day half an hour before meals (subject to the obligatory diet). Treatment should be completed 2 days after diarrhea stops.

For wounds and ulcers: lightly rub fresh chaenomeles leaves between your palms, apply them to the affected area of ​​​​the skin and fix with a bandage. Change bandages as they dry.

With oily seborrhea of ​​the scalp: 1 tbsp. Pour a spoonful of chaenomeles fruit seeds into 0.5 cups of cold water, leave for 2-3 hours, then bring to a boil, cool, strain, squeezing the seeds. Rub the infusion into the scalp every other day, an hour before bedtime.

A. Prokopieva

Sowing seeds of Japanese quince

In autumn, we dig a groove 1-1.5 cm deep and cover it with a sheet of plywood, and keep a bucket of sand in a dry place. As soon as a stable negative temperature sets in atmospheric air, remove the plywood from the groove. We lay out the seeds of chaenomeles (Japanese quince) in it and fill it with sand. If you do not have sand, you can fill it with dry earth prepared in advance. The offspring is generally strong. Some specimens even outperform the mother plants.

Let us dwell on the characteristics of this plant and determine why we grow it in a garden plot. By the way, experts call chaenomeles "Fiery Bush of the East." Most often, our gardens are inhabited by two types of chaenomeles. This is Japanese henomeles, or Japanese quince - a shrub up to 3 m tall, with a spreading crown and spiny shoots. The leaves are ovate, leathery, sharp-toothed along the edges, dark green, up to 8 cm long. The flowers are scarlet-red, up to 5 cm in diameter, 2-6 in inflorescences-scutes. Blooms profusely in May, 20-25 days. The fruits are spherical, yellow, ripen in September-October. Japanese quince is frost-resistant, drought-resistant, photophilous and demanding on soil fertility and moisture. It tolerates a haircut well, therefore it is often used to create hedges, as well as in single, group, avenue plantings.

In culture, Japanese quince is often found low, no more than 1 m high. On its arched, strong, prickly shoots, brown-red flowers 2-3 cm in diameter bloom in spring, collected in inflorescences of 2-6 pcs. Flowering lasts 2-3 weeks. Fruiting occurs at the age of 3-4 years. The fruits are oblong-round, tightly seated on the shoots. They ripen just before the frosts, ripen in the bed, acquiring a pale yellow color. Their aroma is reminiscent of pineapple.

Low Japanese quince A. Tytss, respectfully called by Latvian fruit growers Master Tytss, called “northern lemon”. Indeed, even in March, Japanese quince slices, canned 1:1 with granulated sugar, contain almost as much vitamin C as imported lemons contain at this time of the year. According to the calculations of scientists, the fruits of Japanese quince contain from 124 to 182 mg /% (i.e., 124-182 mg per 100 g of fruit) of vitamin C, and in addition, there are many organic acids and pectin substances that are also necessary for a person. There are many recipes delicious preparations from Japanese quince, we will give only two of them.

Compote (1.2 kg of fruit, 200 g of sugar, 1 liter of water). Prepared fruits cut into small pieces are poured with boiling sugar syrup and left until the syrup has cooled. Then the syrup is drained, and the pieces of quince are placed in sterilized jars. Sugar syrup is heated to 90 ° C, fruits are poured over it. Liter jars with fruits are pasteurized at 85°C for 15 minutes.

Jam (1 kg of quince, 1.2 kg of sugar, 0.2 l of water). The fruits cut into pieces are blanched for 8-10 minutes, then boiled intermittently. Pour in boiling sugar syrup for 2-3 hours, then boil for 5-10 minutes three times every 2 hours. At the last boil, add 200 g of sugar per 1 liter of syrup (total sugar content 1.2 kg). Jam is poured into clean jars and closed.

I. Krivega

(Gardener No. 39, 2011)

Chaenomeles named Maxim

For more than two hundred years, European breeders have been working to improve chaenomeles varieties. True, efforts are mainly aimed at improving the decorative qualities of this beautiful shrub.

In general, in terms of the number of varieties (more than 500), chaenomeles in the pink family is second only to the queen of flowers herself.- rose. And in recent decades, breeders have begun to create fruit varieties.

In Ukraine, the first varieties of chaenomeles were entered into the state register in 2001. Caliph, Nika, Nikolai, Nina was told in "PX" No. 10 for 2003. In Russia, in State Register selection achievements in 2006 introduced a variety Volgogradsky 1 selection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Agroforestry. It is recommended as a universal variety for ornamental and fruit purposes for growing in the Astrakhan, Volgograd, Rostov and Saratov regions, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Krasnodar and Stavropol regions.

As for the varieties obtained at the Artemovskaya experimental station, Kalif is of interest for cultivation in the southern horticultural zone, and Nikolai and Nina, as more winter-hardy, are suitable for cultivation in middle zone gardening. A recent study at the agricultural biostation of the Michurinsk State Pedagogical Institute confirmed practical value Caliph, Nicholas and Nina. The last two varieties are recommended for a wide production test in the conditions of the Central Black Earth region. All these varieties- donors of valuable traits for further selection.

Among the offspring of the Kalif variety, I singled out promising hybrid, tentatively named Maksim . At Latin word maximus - superlative of the word ma gn us- several meanings. In relation to Maxim, this is “the largest, the largest”, “the most important, impressive”, “the most plentiful and very fertile”, “the most expensive and expensive”, “the most appreciated”. These epithets objectively characterize the Maxim hybrid.

Kalifa and Maxima bushes are distinguished by their upright habitus, which distinguishes them from the background of typical sprawling Japanese chaenomeles bushes and facilitates plant care and harvesting. Kalifa fruits are a cultivated type, weighing 70-80 g, with a thick layer of pulp (13-14 mm). In the conditions of Donbass, when ripe in the second half of August, they acquire a bright yellow color and a pleasant aroma. The fruits are spherical, beautiful. Ripe fruits are easily separated from the branches.

Maxim's fruits are large, correct form bright golden color. The advantages of the hybrid include early ripening, ease of harvesting fruits, abundant fruiting. One can hope that Maxim will justify his "name" and become desirable for gardeners.

V. Mezhensky , Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Ukraine

(Private farm No. 1, 2012)

Japanese quince (from Latin - Cydonia), or Japanese Henomeles - is a representative of the Plum subfamily, the Pink family, the Rosaceae order

origin of name

Japanese quince - small flowering plant, whose birthplace is China, Korea and Japan, this shrub is the only one (monotypic genus woody plants) representative of the genus.

Description

Japanese quince is small in height (grows from 1.5 to 4 m) with falling leaves (rarely semi-evergreen) shrub or low tree, which is an ornamental or fruit and berry crop.

Arcuate branches grow from the root system, covered with small shiny leaves with serrated edges and, in many species, are covered with sharp spines. At the time of flowering, in late spring - early summer, the bush is covered with bright lush buds different shades- from white-pink to orange and bright red. Flowers have a regular rounded shape with five petals and reach 4.5-5 cm in diameter. In deciduous forms, flowering begins even before the appearance of the first leaves and lasts for almost a month. At this time, the bush looks especially beautiful, bringing pleasure from its contemplation.

reproduction

Chaenomeles reproduces by all known methods - by planting seeds directly into the ground, using cuttings or layering, but for fruiting it is necessary to plant young plant. Otherwise, an ornamental flowering, but not fruiting shrub grows.

growing conditions

The popularity of Japanese quince among landscape specialists and summer residents is associated with decorative features shrubs in all periods of life. It is of particular importance for gardeners, and as an industrial crop due to its productivity and the extraordinary usefulness of the fruit.

Along with this, the shrub is a quality honey plant, and the bushes easily tolerate a haircut, which allows them to be used as hedges and trellises. A huge plus in breeding Japanese quince in loose soil conditions is its root system, due to the power of which erosion of the soil cover is prevented.

Chaenomeles is actively cultivated as an ornamental bush in landscape design as a border plant, in mono plantings when decorating lawns. When arranging rockeries or decorating spurs of alpine slides, creeping low-growing forms of shrubs are successfully used, and hybrid forms are used in bonsai works of art.

Application

A plant grafted according to all the rules begins to bear fruit no earlier than the third year of its life. The fruits will be different in shape and size, depending on the variety of the plant - they may look like a pear or an apple. The size of the fruit can also be different - from 2.5-3.5 cm in wild-growing forms, up to 15 cm in cultivated forms, provided proper care. The color of the fruit also depends on the variety and growing conditions, and can be from lemon to dark yellow, sometimes with a one-sided reddish reflection. All fruits are covered with a layer of natural wax, which gives them a matte finish and the possibility of long storage. Inside each fruit contains seeds, shaped very similar to apple seeds. In terms of taste properties, quince is tart-astringent and sweetish, fragrant, slightly juicy and hard. Because of such organoleptic properties, fresh fruits are tried to be eaten, but after appropriate processing, high-quality fruits can be obtained. food products, such as marshmallow, jam, jam, and when adding sweet berries and fruits, high-quality consumables for confectionery production. Gelatinizing substances, which are present in fruits, give quince products a peculiar aroma and attractive appearance, and also have a beneficial effect on the human body.

Northern, or Latvian lemon - Japanese quince received this common name for its unique properties and nutritional value, because it is she who can rightfully be considered the champion in the content of vitamin C among fruits and berries, reaching 180 mg per 100 fruits, in some breeding varieties. Of course, during storage, vitamin C is destroyed, but there is so much of it in quince that even in canned quince, which was stored for a year, it is more than in imported citruses.

Interesting Facts

Until the beginning of the 20th century, for more than 200 years, there was an opinion that the fruits of the Japanese quince, which were hard and not entirely clear in taste, were not edible, because the shrub was cultivated in European gardens as a culture that was easy to process and richly blooming. As a result, all the work of breeders was aimed at improving and developing such exceptional properties of the shrub as decorative and unpretentious.

Only with the development of science, at the beginning of the twentieth century, Japanese quince becomes a fruit and berry crop with the prospect of agronomic development and new varieties with high-yielding properties are created that give large and useful fruits, and plant shoots become devoid of thorns.

Unusual Japanese quince flowers attract attention not only in the garden, but even in the photo. Bright pink petals fading to red stand out against the contrasting foliage. In this article, all the details of planting decorative chaenomeles and caring for a tree.

Henomeles - Japanese quince: varieties and varieties

Henomeles or Japanese quince belongs to the genus of the same name. The area of ​​\u200b\u200bgrowth of quince in nature is located on Japanese islands, in China and Korea, where the plant lives on moist, humus-rich soils.

Decorative quince is represented by deciduous or evergreen shrubs that grow up to 1 meter, or trees reaching 3 m.

Quince decorative

The branches of the plant are densely covered with beautiful shiny bright green leaves. The edge of the leaf blade is serrated, large stipules are serrated. The branches of the plant are flexible, arched, decoratively curved. Many species and varieties of chaenomeles have sharp spines up to 2 cm long on the shoots. Sometimes there are no leaves on the branches, and the shoots are completely covered with only prickly spikes.

The root system of the plant is pivotal, the roots are powerful and go deep into the ground. The plant is not afraid of drought: long roots are able to reach aquifers at a considerable depth. Transplanting an adult plant is a rather serious problem - it is often impossible to transplant a tree without damaging the root system.

The plant boasts a special decorative effect during flowering. Take a look at the photo of a blooming Japanese quince: flowers with a diameter of 3-5 cm, charm itself. The standard color of chaenomeles flowers is red-orange, but there are varieties with pink and white colors. Individual flowers are collected in brushes with an even number of flowers (usually 2-6 pcs.). Varieties with double flowers look especially decorative, completely covering curved graceful branches.

quince bush

The amazingly beautiful plant also bears fruit. Ripe in early autumn small fruits densely covering the branches. The color of the fruit, depending on the variety, can be green, yellow or orange. The fruits remain on the branches until frost, which does not affect the quality of the fruit. Young plants begin to bear fruit from the 3rd year. The photo shows different types chaenomeles fruits that resemble a quince or a small apple.

In the recent past, the plant was valued only for its decorative appearance. Modern breeding work is aimed at breeding fruit varieties without thorns and thorns with improved qualities and taste of fruits. The fact is that the fruits contain a record high percentage of vitamin C, which is preserved even during canning.

Japanese quince fruit

The variety of Japanese quince species includes varieties:

• henomeles Mauleya (low quince);
• chaenomeles catayan;
• quince is beautiful.

Proper planting of Japanese quince

Planting Japanese quince is best timed to coincide with the warm season; mid-spring is perfect for this purpose. Young seedlings are allowed to be planted in separate pits and trenches (depth landing pit- up to 40 cm, width - 50 x 50 cm).

In order for the plant to actively bloom and bear fruit, plant it in a sunny area.

The plant is undemanding to soils, but cannot develop without regular metered watering. Overflow of the root system is also detrimental to a young tree, as is dry content. Young chaenomeles plants react negatively to top dressing organic fertilizers in the first three years of his life. Do not apply fertilizer when planting and with further growth of the tree.

Advice! When planting Japanese quince, it is important to take into account soil acidity indicators - the plant does not tolerate salinity and hard calcareous soils.

If the depth of groundwater at the planting site is insignificant, it is necessary to provide for a reliable drainage device and protect the roots of the young bush from wetting.

Advice! It is very important not to deepen the root neck of the plant when planting.

Quince tolerates partial shade, but this arrangement leads to a decrease in flowering and a low percentage of fruit formation. When choosing a place for planting Japanese quince, it is necessary to provide for maximum crown illumination. young tree must be protected from direct wind. It is best to plant quince under the protection of buildings.

Chaenomeles - culture care, basic rules

Care of the crop consists in the formative pruning of the crown, which is carried out annually, as well as ensuring timely watering and weeding.

Sanitary pruning involves the annual removal of the lower branches that tend to the ground, as well as all old branches (over 5 years old).

Quince tolerates formative pruning well.

In dry years, when watering quince, it is advisable to provide for laying a layer of mulch so that the soil remains moist longer. The mulching layer can be laid in the trunk circles in early spring, as soon as the snow melts.

In winter, the plant requires mandatory shelter from the cold. Therefore, before the onset of cold weather, it is useful to cover the branches and trunk of Japanese quince with foliage and cover with spruce branches. Sometimes mature plants have to be enclosed in winter time wooden shields for protection from the cold.

Advice! In winter, cover the tree with snow.

Fertilizer and top dressing for Japanese quince

Feeding the plant with liquid fertilizers is intensively carried out from the 3rd year of life, when a strong root system develops. In the spring, after the snow melts, the plant can be fertilized with nitrogen fertilizers by scattering them in trunk circles right on top of the ground cover. Spring rains and melting snow will gradually dissolve the fertilizer granules, which will slowly be absorbed by the soil.

In total, 3 plant feedings are carried out during the season; mineral fertilizers are used during the second and third feeding.

Methods of propagation of chaenomeles

When propagating Japanese quince, you can use the seed method and vegetative propagation. Each of the methods has its own specifics, positive and negative sides.

seed method propagation of chaenomeles is used in breeding work to develop new varieties and to grow strong adapted rootstocks for horticultural and ornamental crops.

quince seeds

Freshly harvested Japanese quince seeds can be sown directly into the ground (winter sowing). With this method, the average germination of seeds is noted, but seedlings hardened in winter grow well. Spring sowing of plant seeds is also possible, but for seed stratification is required for 3 months at a temperature of about 0 C. Per 1 square. m when sowing will require about 5 grams of quince seeds.

When vegetative propagation of the plant is allowed to use cuttings, layering, root offspring.

Root offspring it is enough just to dig out with a part of the roots, planting it in a permanent place in fertile soil. The size of the pit for planting the offspring of chaenomeles is adjusted depending on the size of the root system.

Another way of vegetative propagation of quince is to stimulate the emergence of seedlings from the lower branch of the tree. The selected strong branch of the tree is laid along the length of the furrow, leaned against the ground and left in this position until the young shoots appear. Each bud of the buried branch produces vertical cuttings that quickly form a separate root system. Strong seedlings can be transplanted to a permanent place, weak ones can be grown throughout the year in greenhouses or greenhouses.

The vegetative propagation method is optimal for breeding quince in a summer cottage

Excellent results have been noted with cuttings of chaenomeles. It is allowed to use annual green shoots and mature lignified branches for cuttings. Cuttings are cut from suitable branches of Japanese quince (length 15-20 cm). Rooting is carried out in greenhouses or greenhouses in special cuttings.

Japanese quince reproduces beautifully vaccination, in this case, plants of the Rosaceae family can serve as a stock: pear, mountain ash, Japanese quince. Reproduction by grafting is used to quickly obtain a large number plants.

Diseases and pests of chaenomeles

The plant is highly resistant to diseases, however, winter frostbite of the trunk and branches, which open the way to all kinds of infections, negatively affects the overall development of Japanese quince.

Rust on quince

Very rarely the plant is attacked by aphids. It is not difficult to get rid of the pest - trees affected by pests are treated with special preparations against aphids, at the same time the garden is treated from the invasion of garden ants.

Sometimes flower gall midges attack quince.

Japanese quince in landscape design

Japanese quince in landscape design

An elegant tree of Japanese quince is appropriate in group plantings with ornamental shrubs, and also perfectly decorates parks when grown alone. plant decorative a long period, almost the entire growing season quince is decorated with flowers or ripening fruits. Landscape architects often use culture for composite plantings, given the high decorativeness of the plant and resistance to adverse conditions.

Growing Japanese quince: video

Japanese quince: photo