Secrets and rules for planning a house. Layout of a one-story house: how to use each meter correctly The most convenient arrangement of rooms in the house

Planning a small room in a private house is an important and responsible task. All members of the family can simultaneously do their business without interfering with each other: watch TV, do homework, relax after a working day.

The layout of the room allows you to allocate a small corner for each inhabitant of a residential building, for example, a place for creativity. If the layout of the rooms in a private house is done correctly, guests will not get lost, they can easily find a toilet room.

Important Details

Before you start building your own cozy nest, it is important to think through the details of the layout of the rooms.

Attention! Without compiling detailed plan planning living quarters in a private house, it is difficult to achieve functionality inside the room being designed.

On your own, you can think over the preliminary layout of the rooms in a residential building, draw a sketch. For a detailed placement of the main elements inside the premises, compliance with all norms and rules, it is advisable to use the services of a professional architect.

Such a specialist will not easily correct an approximate sketch, but also eliminate all existing shortcomings, carry out calculations, and determine the size of rooms in a private house being built.

For example, if the owner has a dream to see an attic in his house, and this is unrealistic, the architect will definitely point out this fact at the design stage.

Advice! Before proceeding with the self-planning of rooms in a residential building, you can study the photo finished works to assess the reality of their implementation.

The need for a basement

If you decide to start planning rooms in a residential building, you first need to think about the need to equip the basement. This space is very functional, so you can place a pantry in it, organize a workshop, create a cellar for storing homemade preparations and vegetables.

Some owners of private houses are trying to design the basement as ground floor, constructing a boiler room in the resulting space. In this case, the layout of the room is made so that it is possible to organize a control panel in it. engineering equipment used in the home.

Attention! If the basement will be used for a boiler room, it is necessary to consider high-quality lighting in it.

Whether a basement will be organized in a residential private house, what its dimensions will be, all this is determined by the owner of the house.

Sanitary room

How will the layout of the rooms in a private house be done if it is supposed to equip a toilet and a bathroom? This issue worries many owners of private housing, deserves special attention.

Advice! If the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house is small, it is better to choose the option of a combined sanitary room.

For spacious private cottages, the organization of several toilets and bathrooms is allowed. In this case, numerous residents will not have to queue for the toilet or bathroom.

Professionals recommend that owners of private houses who have planned to combine a bathroom should separate the toilet space from the bathroom. For example, you can achieve this result using a sliding modern partition. Such a layout will allow you to divide the space of the bathroom into functional zones.

When choosing a separate design sanitary premises, to organize a toilet, a few square meters.

Advice! Professionals advise using excess space to expand the size of the bathroom.

There are no special restrictions on the distribution of space inside the bathroom, its footage, so you can arm yourself with your creative imagination and personal preferences when starting the layout of the sanitary room.

For example, the bathroom area can be 10 square meters, and an additional entrance to the bathroom is also appropriate from the yard.

AT two-story house the architects propose to make two sanitary rooms at once, one for each floor.

Advice! For savings building materials, the easiest way is to place one room under another.

Bedroom layout

When organizing a bathroom and toilet, it is allowed to choose a shady part of the house, but under the bedroom it is advisable to choose a sunny space.

Depending on the total area residential building, under the bedroom can be allocated from twelve to twenty-five square meters.

Even for one-story house it is quite possible to allocate not one, but several living rooms for the bedroom.

Advice! When determining the number of rest rooms, it is desirable to take into account the number of residents.

If there is a second floor in the house, the architects propose to organize the master bedroom on the second floor. Do not forget that the bedroom is not intended to be visited by guests, who are mainly located on the ground floor, in the living room. For comfortable rest parents, psychologists are advised to allocate a room for the bedroom, located at a sufficient distance from the nursery.

If there are elderly people in the family, when planning the house, you need to allocate a place for their bedroom on the ground floor so that they do not have additional physical activity when moving to your bedroom

Combining spaces

Advice! Among fashion trends used in the planning of a private house, of interest is the connection into one functional space dining room and kitchen.

The optimal area of ​​the premises to be combined is 20 square meters. For example, a little more than half of this area can be allocated to the kitchen, and in the remaining space to equip dining area.

There are no special requirements for the location of the dining room and kitchen, but professional stylists recommend allocating a place remote from the bedroom for such premises. In this case, smells will not get inside the bedroom, distracting the owner from a calm and comfortable rest.

In order to save material resources, sewerage and water pipes, many owners of private houses make an additional entrance to the kitchen from the yard.

Children's room

Planning stage children's space especially important, because children here should be comfortable and cozy.

Attention! For the children's room choose the sunny side of the house.

Psychologists are convinced that natural sunlight has a beneficial effect on the psyche of the child. In order to Sun rays did not interfere with the baby in the morning, during registration window openings you can use thick fabric.

Professionals advise to place a children's room on the ground floor of a private residential building. If the family has small children, the parent's bedroom should be nearby so that they can always be checked.

Planning the veranda and attic

The main decoration of any one-story house is a beautiful and unusual attic. With its help, you can not only make positive changes to the appearance of a residential building, but also get an additional functional room.

The attic can be used as a living room, children's room, workshop. Professionals believe optimal height for the attic 2.5 meters, the total area is not more than three square meters.

The veranda is also a functional addition to a residential building. When planning it, it is necessary to take into account the general sketch of the house, its total area. For example, for small house a small and neat veranda is appropriate, which will give the object originality and unusualness. It is placed close to kitchen space, filling it with furniture designed for relaxation.

Advice! If desired, you can equip a separate entrance to the veranda from the yard.

Conclusion

How to create perfect layout in a private house? Professional architects suggest taking into account the number of family members and the location of the house when developing a preliminary project. Each family member should have 30-40 square meters free space, so the height of the house should not be less than 2.5 meters, and the basement - 1.8 meters.

If it is planned to build high-rise building, it is better to place the stairs in it in the hall or hallway, and for small rooms choose corner structures.The first floor is best reserved for the dining area, kitchen, living room, bathroom, outbuildings. On the second floor there is a bedroom, dressing room, children's space.

The size and layout of any dwelling must be rational. Sometimes it's worth considering if you really need huge house? And what is it like to clean it, and walking from one room to another is not so convenient. A huge house (if there are no special indications, for example, a large family) is not so convenient to use, as evidenced by the not too happy reviews of the owners of such buildings. Yes, and the cost of heating such a dwelling, for sure, is not small. It is worth remembering about the considerable property tax, directly related to its area.

Choose best location rooms in two-story houses, you can choose a good one for any size, let it be: 6 by 6, 10 by 10, in wooden houses everything is possible!

A similar question concerns the number of storeys of housing: is a second floor really necessary? If the family has a fairly modest size, and does not need large area, isn't it better for her to get by with a one-story dwelling?

Although, of course, a two-story building has its significant advantages. For arranging the same living area in terms of footage, it will come out cheaper. The amount of heat loss will also be smaller. In such a building, you can think of a more interesting and original layout. And for a house on one floor, you don’t need to be puzzled.

Private house: room layout

Which rooms in the house are required and which are desirable? It is desirable to have a room for washing, ironing and drying. To do this, one can be allocated and equipped utility room- Laundry. For its location it is not necessary to choose the best place, the northern part of the house is also suitable for her.

The boiler room can be a source of noise, so it is better not to locate it near the rest rooms. According to the rules, gas equipment(boiler) of a certain power (up to 60 kW), it is quite acceptable to place it in.

Many homeowners dream about planning their dream home. More often this applies to the inhabitants of urban apartments.

In fact, a full-fledged floor is much more comfortable and more comfortable attic. But construction will be much cheaper. You also need to decide on, or rather, with its presence. It seems to some that it is impossible to do without it, while others believe that it closes the light to other rooms, and prefer an additional room along the perimeter of the walls to it - spacious, with big windows heated and comfortable.

Any family will need a spacious pantry, at least one, and preferably more. If the house has two floors, then it is convenient to equip it under.

Often in advance, even at the stage of planning the rooms in the house, the issue of the need for a workshop for the owner (or a room for needlework for the hostess) is decided. If you do not think about it right away, then later you will have to sacrifice another room for her, redoing it.

Layout in a private house: vestibule or hallway

The entrance to the dwelling should not lead directly to the living room. The necessary entrance hall, or something like a vestibule, is required. Whether to equip a vestibule at home, everyone decides for himself. Many people think that it is much warmer with a vestibule. Others are sure that he copes with this role remarkably. double door. In an unheated vestibule, it is not so pleasant to dress and undress. Often on the side of the vestibules there are those whose entrance hall is not heated, or is too small.

It is much more convenient to have a spacious, not walk-through and warm room as a hallway. With this, no additional vestibule is required. Amateurs are considered supporters of the latter horticultural work. In the "city" house without it, they do just fine. This room has a completely different meaning in areas with a harsh climate - where its presence is a necessity.

In a dwelling without a vestibule, the entrance hall must be equipped with doors to other rooms: otherwise, frosty air will go into the living quarters every time the door is opened. Entrance door. If it is difficult to equip such a hallway, which is completely closed, then you cannot do without a vestibule.

Country house window layout

What can be said about windows in a private building?

Ceiling height planning in projects

Many do not even think about how high the ceiling in the house should be.. Those who long time lived in a room with low ceilings, often prefer them higher than required. Meanwhile, too high ceilings can lead to extra spending. The cost of building large, and subsequent houses is growing.

Are there ideal ceiling heights? This is a complex parameter, for the calculation of which it is necessary to take into account the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises. It should not resemble a deep well, at the same time it is not too pleasant if the ceiling is crushing.

In other words, the larger a particular room, the higher the desired ceiling in it. This means that on the same floor it is better to make them approximately equal in area so that they all fit the ceiling height. It is necessary to take into account the fact that the finish coating will "eat" a few centimeters of height.

Ceilings that are not too high can limit the use of oversized and voluminous chandeliers, since tall people can hit their heads. And for too high ceilings

Private room layout country house do it yourself

In the title of the article, the word "rooms" is inserted for a reason. This is because the area and number of storeys of the house is determined precisely by the number and area of ​​​​rooms (if everything is in order with finances). This article will help you better understand what area is better to allocate for a particular room, and which one should be abandoned altogether. We will also tell you about each type of premises.

How to draw up a house plan

Let's say right away that with your own hands you can only draw up an approximate (approximate) plan for your future suburban, country house or cottage. And when you do this, it will be possible to go to the architect and together already determine the area of ​​​​the rooms, the connection between them, and in general the whole plan of the house from “A” to “Z”, according to which you will then build your house.

If you think you've planned your future home ideally, the architect can still point out some impossible things that you would like to implement. For example, it may be too low an attic, too wide corridors that take up extra space that could be taken away for other rooms, and so on. Only with an architect can you correctly draw up a house plan.

In any case, you need to use the services of an architect. The money spent will pay for itself and save you nerves and time.

For example, an architect will suggest optimal thickness bearing walls, which depends on the number of partitions, the number of storeys and the arrangement of rooms, as well as their area. If there are too many partitions, then you need to either reduce the thickness of the load-bearing walls (if the partitions can handle the load), or remove the extra partitions and design the layout and communication between the rooms in a more convenient way.

Basement layout

It is worth deciding whether you need a basement at all. In most cases, it is worth constructing, since the basement frees additional area near the house and reduces the built-up area. For example, it can be used as a pantry or workshop, in some cases even as a cellar. Or you can make a basement with sufficient lighting.

Building a basement under the entire house or just part of it is a purely personal matter. It all depends on the purpose and the need for additional space under the house.

If you are planning to build a basement not under the entire part of the house, then in this case it can be used as a control unit for engineering equipment or as a boiler room.

hallway layout

After entering the house, the first thing a guest sees is the entrance hall. Here everything rests on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthis room (you can’t call a hallway a room). If the hallway is separated from the rest of the rooms by its own corridor leading to the rest of the rooms, its area will start from 4-6 m 2.

If it is combined with a corridor near the living room or bathroom, then for clothes and shoes you need to take more space so that the guests (and the hosts too) have a place to undress / take off their shoes and dress / put on shoes.

Living room layout

It is best if the corridor from the hallway leads directly to the living room. Thus, guests do not get confused, and the layout of the house is easier. The area of ​​the living room, depending on the entire area of ​​the house, varies from 15 to 30 m 2. This space is quite enough to accommodate 5 guests.

The living room should be located on sunny side(or partially on it), since this is a daytime room that needs natural light. It is also better to place the living room in a large house closer to the bathroom so that guests do not waste time looking for a toilet.

Bathroom layout: bath, toilet

If space permits, it is better to make a separate bathroom. This way, a person who wants to go to the toilet will not have to wait while someone buys in the bathroom. If you have to design a combined bathroom, then it is better to fence off the bathroom (or shower) with a sliding partition.

If the bathroom is separate, it is enough to take a couple of square meters under the toilet, the extra area is useless there. But the bathroom is planned at the whim of the owner. If you want a large bathroom (about 2-4 m 2), then the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, including the washbasin, will be 8-10 squares. AT small house 6 m 2 is enough. Do not forget that the bathroom should be located on the shady side of the house.

If a Vacation home two-story, then, if finances allow, it is more convenient to make a second bathroom on the second floor. But in this case, it should be directly above the bathroom on the ground floor in order to reduce the communication length of the pipes.

Bedroom layout

The bedroom should be on the sunny side. For those who like to sleep, the windows should be positioned so that the morning sun does not hit the face. The average bedroom area is 12-20 m2, depending on the total area of ​​your country house or cottage.

In the case of a two-story house, the bedroom (or several bedrooms) is best located on the second floor. The bedroom is the personal place of the owners. Therefore, on the ground floor, you can make more all the other rooms and premises. But if elderly people live in the house, then they will have their own bedroom on the first floor. It will be difficult for them to go up to the second floor every day.

Layout of the kitchen, dining room

The kitchen and dining room can be combined if more space is allocated for the room. For example, 12-16 squares will be enough for a joint kitchen-dining room layout. If you plan separately, then you can give 10 m 2 to the spacious kitchen, and about 8 m 2 to the dining room.

Basically, with sufficient lighting, the kitchen and dining area can be located anywhere in a simple home layout. but the main thing is to stay away from the bedroom. The kitchen next to the bedroom somehow does not fit very well.

The closer the kitchen is to the bathroom, the better, as this will save the length of the plumbing.

Attic layout

AT one-story house the attic is often either the second guest bedroom or the children's bedroom. If you beautifully equip the attic, then children will take root in it perfectly. In the attic, the main thing is the height of the attic itself and the size of the windows. Windows because they can interfere with an abundance of light, so you should carefully study the cardinal directions and the location of the windows large sizes. The average height of the attic is 2.5 m 2 in the center and about 1.7-1.8 m 2 along the perimeter. Then it will be convenient to move around.

Veranda layout

Veranda can be anything. For example, dimensions of 5 × 2 meters are perfect for a small house. It is best to have a veranda on the side of the house on the east or west side, next to the kitchen. Under the veranda requires a light foundation and roof. In summer, the veranda serves as an outside dining room with a pleasant view of the courtyard.

Children's room layout

The main thing is that the children's room is on the sunny side and close to the bedroom and living room (so that parents can quickly find out what is happening with the children in case of emergency). The nursery should be very well lit, because children love the sun and everything is bright.

Second floor layout

Second floor two-story house allows you to place 2 bedrooms and a children's room (or 2 children's for growth, in the case of a boy and a girl), as well as an additional bathroom. This is best option for a young family without the residence of the elderly. With elderly parents, you need a bedroom on the first floor so that they do not waste energy climbing to the second.

Since there is a second floor, it means that there is also a staircase. You also need to be careful with the stairs. The stair layout needs attention as children jumping and running everywhere can hit the edges. Therefore, there is no need to make many sharp corners. The stairs should also take up little space. The type of staircase is also important (in a small house, it is worth emphasizing optimality in terms of size). But if the house is large, then the stairs can be any. The main thing is not to interfere with the passage.

Usually a two-story or three-story house is built with a small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site and / or a large family composition.

In a one-story house, you can plan a floor height of 3 meters (net height from floor to ceiling). But if there are two floors, then it is better to make the height of the floor 2.7 meters. In this case it will go less material for the construction of the floor, and there will be one and a half steps less to go upstairs.

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Task this material- to clarify what the layout should be in a private house, give you an idea of ​​what space should be allocated for one or another room, and which rooms are better not to use at all. All this will be done on the example of each individual room.

What should be the hallway

When a person enters the house, he sees the hallway. Here, important role plays the footage of this room (this is clearly not a full-fledged room). If the hallway and the rest of the rooms are furnished with a corridor leading to the rest of the rooms, then an area of ​​​​4 - 6 m² is enough for the hallway.

In the event that the entrance hall and the corridor are combined next to the living room or bathroom, then more space will be required for clothes and shoes so that the guests (and the owners) can freely undress/undress and dress/shoe.

living room design

The best option - along the corridor from the hallway you can go straight to the living room. This contributes to the free orientation of guests in the house, and makes planning easier. The value of the living room area can range from 15 to 30 m², it all depends on how big house. This area can easily accommodate 5 guests, and even more.

The living room should be equipped on the side from which the sun shines, due to the fact that it is a day room for which it is important daylight. In addition, the living room and the bathroom should be located as close to each other as possible so that guests do not have to look for a toilet for a long time.

The optimal size of the bathroom

If there is enough space, then it is better to stop at the option of a separate bathroom. This will allow the person to go to the toilet without having to wait until the bathroom is free. In the case of a combined bathroom, the bathroom (or shower) should be fenced off, for which a sliding partition is used.

AT separate bathroom, for a toilet there is enough area of ​​\u200b\u200ba couple of m², a lot of space is not needed there. And the bath is planned according to the whims of the owner. If you want the bathroom itself to be large (approximately 2 - 4 m²), then the room should be 8-10 m², including the washbasin. For a small house, 6 m² is enough. The arrangement of the bathroom is carried out from the shady side of the building.

If it is planned to build a two-story house, and if there are funds, then a good option- arrangement of the second bathroom on the territory of the second floor. However, bathrooms should be located one above one, so as not to suffer with communication pipes.

Bedroom size

This room should be located on the side of the sun. Windows should be positioned so that the morning sun does not enter the room. The bedroom can be from 12 to 20 m², again, it's all about the size of the building.

In a two-story house, it is preferable to equip the bedroom at the top. After all, the bedroom is a personal space. However, if the bedroom is made for the elderly, it is better to place it on the ground floor.

Kitchen, dining room

The kitchen and dining room are perfectly combined, if a little more space is allocated for this. For example, a room from 12 to 16 m² is quite suitable for a kitchen - dining room. At separate layout these premises, spacious kitchen will take about 10 m², and the dining room will fit on 8 m².

In fact, the location of the kitchen and dining room on the territory of the house, subject to sufficient lighting, can be anything. However, there is one condition - the further the bedroom is from the kitchen, the better. The rooms of the kitchen and the bedroom are not well combined with each other.

In addition, it is better to place the kitchen closer to the bathroom and toilet, since this way it will be possible to save on the length of the water supply.

Simple free home planning program

With a simple program, you can easily design and layout the rooms of your house to your liking. The video about the lesson tells how to download a 3D planner from the official website, and how to use it (an example of planning and calculating the size of a house from scratch is considered).

Layout of rooms in a private house video

The main indicator of the comfort of a private house is the amount of living space per person and a set of rooms. common use and their sizes.

In the process of designing a house, the following factors must be considered:

1. the number of family members and the possibility of changing its composition in the future (it is recommended to consider the entire period of operation of the house);
2. the possibility of using all the premises for their main purpose when circumstances change;
3. the possibility of home renovation.

Norms and rules for planning a private house

There are basic technical and economic indicators of individual houses that determine the size of the living and total area for various categories comfort:

1st level of comfort:
number of rooms - 3-4 (number of bedrooms 2-3);
living area - 45-60 sq. m;
total area - 80-120 sq. m;

2nd level of comfort:
number of rooms - 4-6 (number of bedrooms 2-5);
living area - 65-100 sq. m;
total area - 120-170 sq. m;

3rd level of comfort:
number of rooms - 5-8 (number of bedrooms 3-5);
living area - 100-130 sq. m;
total area - 180-280 sq. m.

The minimum height of residential premises is 2.5 m, for residential attics allowable height- 2.3 m, in areas with a hot and dry climate - 3 m, the height of the basement - at least 1.8 m. According to the standards, the minimum area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe living room is 12 square meters. m, kitchen - 6 sq. m, bathroom - 1.8 sq. m and a toilet - 0.96 sq. m.

On average, one person should have 30-40 square meters. m of total area. At greater meaning the transition time from one room to another will be more than 30-40 seconds, which can cause fatigue and discomfort.

Features of the location of the rooms

Every house has two separate zones: residential and household, which, according to the rules of hygiene, must be separated from each other.

The residential area is conditionally divided into night and day. Usually in two-story or attic houses the night zone is located on the second floor and is rarely visited during the daytime. It includes: bedrooms, children's rooms and dressing rooms.

For greater comfort, it is recommended to place bathrooms (shower rooms) and a toilet on the second floor. They should not be located above the living quarters in order to protect the rooms from water in case of leakage. Balconies for relaxing in the evening can also adjoin the night zone.

The daily zone is arranged on the ground floor and includes: a hall, an entrance hall, a common room, a kitchen and a dining room. Are duplicated hygiene facilities(toilets and bathrooms), a veranda or terrace for relaxing in the warm season joins the living area.

If there are elderly or disabled people in the family, then it is necessary to provide for them a night zone within the ground floor. If there is a basement tier, it is assigned to a recreation area: a billiard room, gym, studios, etc.

Household rooms (furnace, storerooms, garage, swimming pool, sauna, etc.) are located in the basement or in attached parts of the house.

If necessary, provide space for gas boiler, then it must be at least 2 m high and with a volume of at least 7.5 cubic meters. m.

Stairs are most often placed in a corridor or hallway. If it is installed in a corner, then it is advisable to choose a design with a turn along the walls and an intermediate platform between marches.

Layout of rooms and stairs

When planning a house, the following rule is followed: each family member is assigned a living room, while the kitchen is not considered a room. When designing premises, depending on their purpose, it is recommended to choose the following area values:

• for common rooms - from 16 sq. m;
• for the bedroom - from 12 sq. m;
• for the kitchen - from 8 sq. m;
• for the corridor - from 4 to 8 square meters. m;
• for a bathroom, toilet, pantry, dressing room, laundry room - from 2 to 6 square meters. m;
• for utility rooms - from 3 sq. m;
• for an office, library, work or game room- from 10 sq. m;
• for a garage - from 10 sq. m.

The width of the corridor should be at least 0.9 m, the front one - at least 1.8 m. The dimensions of the rooms are calculated within internal walls and partitions. When determining the attic area, only that part is taken into account, in which the sloping ceiling has a height of 1.6 m, for the rest of the zone a coefficient of 0.7 is used.

Moving between floors should not require significant effort, so when designing stairs, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

• the width of the steps of the stairs should allow you to stand on it with a full foot;
• the height between the steps should not be more than 17-19 cm;
• the slope of the stairs must be within 30 degrees (the ratio of the height of the march to its horizontal projection is 1:2);
• the distance from the upper plane of any step to the ceiling must be at least 2 m, if necessary, the slope of the stairs increases to 45 degrees;
• minimum width flight of stairs- 90 cm.

Results

From proper organization The functional and spatial structure of the house depends on the comfort and convenience of living in it, so the following design features must be taken into account:

• when planning a house and calculating the number of residential and non-residential premises the entire period of operation of the house is taken into account;
• on average, one person should have 30-40 square meters. m of total area;
• the minimum height of residential premises is 2.5 m, the residential attic is 2.3 m, the basement floor is 1.8 m;
• for a comfortable stay, it is recommended to design common rooms- from 16 sq. m, bedrooms - from 12 sq. m, kitchens - from 8 sq. m, bathrooms and toilets - from 2 sq. m;
• bedrooms, children's rooms and dressing rooms should be located on the second floor; kitchen, dining room, common and utility rooms - on the ground floor;
• the staircase is located in the hall or corridor, in small spaces corner structures are used with an additional platform between marches.