How to replace the coarse water filter. Types of coarse filters. Installation rules for filtration devices

Where does water get into our apartments and houses? From the nearest body of water (usually a river) or from underground (artesian springs). Before the liquid rushes through long, winding pipes, it goes through several stages of purification. First, large debris is removed, then filtered again, chlorinated.

After visiting several reservoirs, this water becomes suitable for drinking. But! The faucet often leaks liquid that is unsuitable for drinking. It's all about bad condition communications.

Pipes do not change for decades. Therefore, over time, rust forms on the inner walls, debris appears. To remove it, and filters are needed coarse cleaning.

The coarse water filter for the well is especially important. Since it will make the water that a special station pumps out of the ground more suitable for drinking and cooking.

The device of almost all coarse water filters has a similar structure. Inside the filter pipe there is a mesh that helps to screen out large debris, sand, pieces of rust.

Such water purifiers are placed on the incoming pipe at the very beginning of the entire wiring, where the supply is distributed to various rooms: toilet, bathroom, kitchen.

All filters have special taps so that the remnants of dirt and debris do not clog the filter itself. They are called mudmen. To prolong the life of the water purifier, they must be cleaned regularly.

As a rule, this process is carried out in the following cases:

when the sump is clogged (the most common cause);
if the water is turned off;
for preventive purposes (1 time in 3-4 months).

Photo: coarse filter

Small nozzles on the faucet (from which water flows directly into the sink) are also coarse filters. Usually they are installed when it is not possible to put the water purifier directly on the inlet pipe.

Photo: water purifier directly on the inlet pipe

Strainer

Mesh models are mechanical filters for coarse water purification. The main element for cleaning the liquid is the mesh. The cell size can vary from 20 µm to 500 µm.

It all depends on the quality of the treated water, on the amount and size of the impurities that require purification. Usually mesh filters are small in size.

There are two main types of mesh filters:

non-flushing. This design is also called a mud tank. In order to remove the accumulation of debris, sand, rust, it is necessary to disconnect the filter from the pipe, remove the mesh and rinse it manually;

Photo: non-flushing coarse water filter

self-cleaning filters use an automated system that, without outside intervention, cleans the mesh, as it gets dirty, a signal is given that the pollution needs to be removed.

Photo: self-cleaning filter

To purify cold water, filters with a plastic case are more often used, it is desirable that it be transparent. In this case, you can see the level of pollution.

For hot water a metal case is better. Filters, which have an additional valve that regulates the inlet pressure, help the devices last longer.

They protect against sudden water hammer. When installing mesh filter it is better to provide an additional drainage line into which the liquid will drain after cleaning.

Advantages of this type of filters:

cheapness;
small size;
ease of operation and installation.

Cartridge or cartridge filter

The filter element in this system is a replaceable cartridge. It is usually installed in a special case, which is made of plastic or metal. Such a cleaner can retain debris and particles ranging in size from 0.5 microns to 30 microns.

Usually this system is installed where a strainer cannot handle. Cartridges are designed for smaller particles and debris.

They are also installed on pipes with a small hydraulic head. After the removable cartridge (cartridge) becomes dirty, it must be replaced with a new one. But today you can already find cartridges with nets that are subject to maintenance and cleaning.

For cold water, the body is usually made of transparent plastic, and for hot - from steel. For a large volume of liquid, larger filters are used, which are correspondingly more expensive.

Cartridges also serve not only to retain mechanical impurities. Using charcoal-impregnated cartridges will remove chlorine from the liquid. And stocking-type models purify water from mud and algae, clay.

Important! This is extremely important as these types of contaminants can damage filters designed to eliminate molecular impurities. And such systems are quite expensive.

Advantages:

comparative cheapness;
high level of cleaning.

Photo: cartridge filter

High speed pressure filter

A high-speed pressure filter is a rather large container-column filled with a special filter material.

The column is made of anti-corrosion materials high strength. When fluid passes through this system the degree of purification reaches 30 microns.

Such a filter is often used when a large number of heterogeneous particles and impurities in the water. In the upper part of the system there is a block for automating the hydrotreatment process.

The control unit regulates the number and frequency of regenerations - within the framework of this mode, the properties of the filter material are restored.

Pressure filters must be installed in heated rooms, and they are quite voluminous. But according to the principle of operation, they are universal and excellent for mechanical cleaning.

After installing such a system, it is necessary to arrange a drainage outlet (main) to ensure the normal operation of the filter material recovery process.

Advantages:

the possibility of purifying water with a high concentration of various impurities;

Photo: high speed pressure filter

Installation

Different types of filters are installed in different ways. But there are a few rules that apply to almost all models:

one simple, but not very pleasant operation will have to be carried out regularly - cleaning the filter. Therefore, a sealant must be wound on the thread of the cover. It will prevent the system from leaking in this place. The sealant is also required at the junction of the filter with the pipe. Cleaning of the sump should be carried out when the pressure of the liquid decreases in all taps and consumers;

Photo: a sealant must be wound on the thread of the cover

The main cleaning element should be at the bottom. But if there are no other options, then it is allowed vertical mounting. In this case, it is better to use a slanting filter. In this case, it is not difficult to install the mesh in the lower level;

Photo: the main cleaning element should be at the bottom

Photo: oblique filter

it is important to further strengthen the junction of the filter with the pipe. This is especially true for plastic and metal-plastic pipes;
before starting work on inserting the filter, be sure to turn off the supply of cold and hot water. It is also important to check the general condition and reliability of the entire communication system as a whole;
the filter itself (if necessary) can be fixed to the wall with special clamps.

You can try to make a coarse water filter with your own hands, but it is better to entrust this important point professional equipment. In addition, some models are not so expensive.

How to properly clean

Cleaning the filter consists of several main steps:

overlapping water;
unscrewing the cover of the sump. This can be done with a wrench. The lid may not immediately succumb, so you will have to apply some force to it. Especially often, the cover is poorly unscrewed in cases where the sump is cleaned irregularly;

Photo: unscrewing the sump cover with an adjustable wrench

after the cover has been removed, you need to get the mesh and rinse it. When the cover is removed, some water may spill onto the floor. This is fine. In some cases, the pollution can be especially strong. For cleaning, you can use an old unnecessary toothbrush. Without any problems, he will be able to eliminate all the small particles that have clogged into the holes of the drain;

Photo: you need to get the mesh and rinse it

then you can install the mesh back. You can wind a new insulating tape on the thread and change the gasket between the sump and the cover. This will help avoid leaks in the future. Now you can carefully insert the mesh and tighten the lid with an adjustable wrench;
turn on the water to check for leaks, and if the cap is correctly installed on the sump.

Filter replacement

If the filter has become unusable, then it must be replaced with a new one. The process takes place in several main stages:

turn off the hot cold water in the House. Open all the taps to bleed the remaining liquid and reduce the pressure in the pipes. It is important not to forget to close the taps back;
further with the help wrench right size unscrew the old filter. And remove the clamps from the wall, if any;
then, at the attachment points of the new filter, the old seal is removed, and a new one is wound insulating tape;

Photo: the old seal is removed at the attachment points of the new filter

the filter is attached to the wall (if necessary) and screwed to the pipe with a wrench. It is important to carefully monitor that the gaskets do not move out of their places;
after replacement, open the water and check for leaks.

Replacing cartridges in cartridge filters:

block and bleed water;
close the tap that supplies water directly to the filter;
take out the filter (if it is difficult to get close to it). Via special key start unscrewing the removable cartridge. The key is put on the cartridge from the bottom up;
install a new cartridge and fasten it with a key;
turn on the water, check for leaks.

Manufacturers

Honeywell

Today, this company is the world leader in the production of filters for mechanical water purification. They develop models that will not only protect against small debris, sand, clay, mud.

Honeywell helps protect equipment from pressure surges. At the same time, the filters are of the highest quality and are easy to install and use.

Arkal

Israeli manufacturer. Quality and functionality are in no way inferior to Honeywell. In Russia, this manufacturer is represented rather poorly, but in Europe such models are very popular.

The main elements during cleaning are special polymer discs that are not afraid of high pressure and corrosion. Thanks to such discs, rough water purification reaches a whole new level.

Rusfilter

This manufacturer represents domestic products. Filters perfectly purify water from small mechanical impurities, sand, silt, mud.

There are practically no defective models among the models. But in operation and maintenance, such filters are complex and not entirely ergonomic.

Engineering plumbing Valtec

Joint Russian-Italian project. They produce oblique, straight, small-sized, universal, self-cleaning filters for both cold and hot water.

Brass is used to create equipment High Quality or bronze. The filtration element itself is made of steel (stainless). The filter should last 30 years.

Prices

The cost depends on the manufacturer, purpose, type, size of the filter.

Thus, a coarse water filter is an integral part of the entire water supply system in an apartment or house.

Thanks to the installation of equipment, you can significantly extend the life of household appliances and protect yourself and your family from harmful impurities contained in water.

The water in your home must be sanitary standards and be usable. Exist treatment facilities, which are designed to perform this task. But due to the general deterioration of communications in the house, we often receive insufficiently high-quality water. The way out will be the installation of a coarse water filter. It perfectly fights the largest particles, which, in turn, significantly extends the life of plumbing and household appliances.

easy way out

A widespread problem is the increased hardness of water, which adversely affects not only Appliances, but also on the body, because various salts tend to accumulate and cause Negative consequences. The coarse filter, which you can buy in our online store, is designed to remove the largest weeds. The mechanism of operation of the device is to delay particles using fine mesh. Before you buy a coarse filter, you need to determine optimal location to install the component and select the appropriate diameter. A coarse filter for an apartment, despite its simple design, has a lot of advantages, among which it should be noted:

wear resistance;
ease of installation;
ease of cleaning;
acceptable price.

The oblique coarse filter perfectly copes with large particles, which are most often found after the liquid has traveled through the main water supply. The device is installed directly into the pipe, and also has a special sump where the selected material is collected. This tank is placed at an angle, as evidenced by the name of the filter.

Beneficial addition

Installation does not require additional space, in addition, cleaning means only opening a special plug and washing the mesh. You should also install a water tank during these works. The washing filter for hard water purification is installed directly on the pipe, most often in front of a meter, boiler or other device that needs to be protected from particles. Construction trading house "Sanych" offers a wide range of plumbing at prices from the manufacturer.

Delivery from the warehouse is carried out within 24 hours, and a flexible system of discounts allows you to find a profitable product for each client.

To be able to control the quality of water, it is necessary to choose the right filtration system. Its first element is a coarse filter. It removes insoluble suspensions and abrasive particles from water. Further, a device with finer purification can be installed in the system, which will continue the process of removing impurities and allow the water to be used as drinking water.

The first, most important step in water treatment is mechanical cleaning. Devices for fine and coarse cleaning extract particles from 1 micron and above from water. They perform an indispensable function in the filtration process, without which further water treatment is impossible.

Rust, sand, clay particles, scale from old water pipes - everything is removed to get clear water at the exit.

When buying a filter, you can check the data with the table and make sure that the declared level of cleaning corresponds to the capabilities of the product. For example, often in the device settings for fine cleaning indicates the possibility of filtration from impurities with a size of 100 microns, which actually refers to coarse cleaning (+)

Only after the first stage of preliminary filtration, it is possible to begin to eliminate organic impurities, heavy metal compounds, chemical elements and microorganisms. For this, ultrafine filtration devices are used. More specifically, it is possible to determine the need for cleaning from certain contaminants only on the basis of the results of the analyzes.

In order to make the right choice of filter, it is necessary to clearly define why you need to install it:

for filtering hot and/or cold water;
what kind of contaminants need to be cleaned;
what performance and load volume the filter should have;
for what purposes - to protect plumbing and equipment or to drinking water and cooking.

It is also necessary to take into account where the device will be used - in a private house, apartment, in a boiler room or in an industrial enterprise.

Device and application of coarse filters

Coarse cleaners may have different design but they work in the same way. Inside they have a removable element, which can be in the form of a metal mesh, disk, cartridge - it performs filtration. There is also a waste disposal facility. To remove the collected debris, the device is periodically washed.

Additionally, devices can be equipped with a pressure gauge to help control the pressure in the system. A drop in water pressure may signal that it is time to change or flush the cartridge or mesh. Filters can also be produced in tandem with a reducer that reduces pressure and dampens water hammer. Some models have shutoff valves.

General properties and differences different models are in the following characteristics:

filter element. Often used for coarse cleaning metal grid, polypropylene fiber cartridge, disk element.
Method for cleaning accumulated dirt. Devices are divided into those that are washed in manual mode and self-washing.
Can be used for hot, warm or cold water.

All differences affect the functionality of the devices. Therefore, further - in more detail about their capabilities.

Sediment filters for coarse cleaning

Sediment filters include devices with a mesh for filtering. They are made mainly of a metal body (brass or of stainless steel) with a straight or oblique outlet located directly perpendicular or at an angle. Inside, along the course of the water, a stainless steel mesh is placed.

There are also models of conical axial devices, in which the body is straight, and the filtration mesh has the shape of a cone and is located inside. Their design provides low hydraulic resistance.

Such filters are installed on almost every water supply system, as they are durable and easy to clean from accumulations of dirt.

Installed in the steam room heating system front circulation pump, in the water supply system - in front of the water meter. When installing before the pump, it is necessary to study the parameters in order to prevent an increase in the load on the pump. In addition, some manufacturers expressly prohibit the installation of any devices in front of their equipment.

The filter in the form of a metal mesh cylinder is used for installation in the area where water is sucked from the source. It is used to prevent large debris from entering the water supply and preventing damage to the pump.

The mesh can be made of carbon fiber, fiberglass, metal. metal element easier to deform, resulting in deterioration bandwidth but it is easy to clean. Conversely, carbon fiber mesh is stronger, but washing it can be difficult.

Self-cleaning main filters

The design of the filter consists of a housing, a cartridge, a faucet for washing. The metal or plastic case has two holes that are connected to the water supply line. The filtering grid from a stainless steel - removable, detains mechanical impurity from 100 microns. There is a backwash valve at the bottom of the body bowl. Some models are equipped with a pressure gauge to control the degree of contamination.

Self-cleaning coarse filter used for heating and plumbing systems. Extracts impurities as small as 100 to 150 microns

The principle of operation of the device is to pass the flow through the filter element - a removable stainless steel cartridge. Mechanical pollution while staying in the network. Some of them remain in it, and some settle on the bottom of the case.

A feature of self-flushing devices is the ability to remove accumulated dirt without disassembling or untwisting the case. To do this, open the tap located in the bottom of the case and drain the water into a container or into the sewer. Debris particles are washed away by the stream, and the device continues to work as usual. To remove old deposits on the grid, you can remove it and clean it more thoroughly.

The flush tap can be connected to a drain pipe that connects to the sewer, which simplifies the maintenance process

Cleaning with disc filters

The devices are mainly used for preliminary water treatment, they prepare water for further purification, softening and iron removal. They are installed in water supply systems, at heating plants, used in irrigation systems, including drip irrigation.

The filtering element is polymer discs, dressed on an axis and tightly compressed together. Their surface is covered with small grooves, the dimensions of which determine the degree of cleaning, which is from 20 to 400 microns.

The cleaning process goes like this: a stream of water fills the body and seeps through the flow grooves in the discs, and then is discharged into the outlet. Over time, dirt settles and accumulates on the surface. A decrease in water pressure is a signal that the device needs to be cleaned again. You can determine the degree of clogging using a pressure gauge.

Discs can be cleaned in two ways - manually or automatically when connected to a sewer pipe

Cartridge filters for fine and coarse cleaning

Cartridge filters are very popular because they have a relatively low cost and can be used to filter technical and drinking water. Release water from large suspensions - sand, rust, as well as from small particles up to 1 micron (0.001 mm).

They do a good job of clearing mud. Devices with a throughput of 100 to 20 microns are used on main filters for coarse cleaning, from 10 to 1 microns are used for drinking water treatment.

They are produced in the form of a flask with a cartridge made of polyester or twisted polypropylene thread. It is installed on the main pipeline. After the cartridge resource is exhausted, it is replaced. The removable element cannot be washed and reused.

Often, models with a removable disposable filter are used in conjunction with mesh devices. Install a mesh filter along the water flow, as it is washed and can be used repeatedly.

Filling materials for cartridges

For the manufacture of the cartridge, polypropylene fiber, woven polypropylene rope (cord), cellulose impregnated with polyester, nylon cord are used. But it is propylene that has gained the greatest popularity due to the fact that it has a low cost, is not affected by chemical substances, is not destroyed by biological organisms.

Polypropylene cord filters are used special way winding, which allows larger suspensions to settle on outside cartridge, and small particles remain inside the skein. They do not clog very quickly, but the more they exhaust their resource, the more pollution they let through. For plumbing, this is just positive property, because a dirty filter does not reduce the pressure in the system.

Polypropylene fiber has a foam structure that contains small bubbles that accumulate pollution. The disadvantages of the material are manifested in cheap low-quality models. In them, during water purification, an external filtration ball is clogged, while the inner layer can remain clean, that is, not participate in the filtration process. But high-quality cartridges work with the entire surface.

A significant drawback of polypropylene fiber is that if it is heavily polluted, it ceases to pass water and significantly reduces the water pressure. This can adversely affect the operation of pumping equipment.

Temperature of use of products from polypropylene 1 - 52 °C. They can be used for cold and warm water. For the treatment of hot water, it is necessary to use cartridges made of cotton fibers impregnated with a special substance. They endure high temperatures(up to +93 °C), exposure to microorganisms and various substances.

Ultrafine purification for drinking water

After being removed from the water particulate matter and turbidity during rough cleaning, it still contains many substances - dissolved impurities and harmful microorganisms, the presence of which makes it impossible to use it to quench thirst. New generation fine filters are able to purify water to such an extent that it does not need to be boiled to drink.

Sorption filters for cleaning

Sorption filters are used to remove sand, silt, rust fibers, various impurities of 20-40 microns, including clay and colloidal iron. They have a high resource and productivity and can accumulate a large amount of suspensions.

Capable of neutralizing unpleasant odors, pathogenic bacteria. Some models of devices enrich water with iodine and fluorine, some use silver ions that neutralize harmful microorganisms.

For absorption, granular activated carbon or aluminosilicates are used. Activated carbon copes with substances such as chlorine, radioactive elements, pesticides, heavy metals, petroleum products and dyes. Absorbs chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, relieving water from excessive hardness. Aluminosilicates neutralize heavy metals, organic impurities, establish an optimal acid-base balance.

Operates more efficiently than mesh and discs, removing suspended particles

Sorption filters can be made for household purposes - in the form of jugs or tanks, and for processing large volumes - as main devices. Regeneration is carried out with the help of a reverse flow of water. A significant drawback of such filter systems is their high cost, which is several times higher than the cost of other installations.

Ion exchange filters for water softening

Ion-exchange filters are used to soften water, remove organic impurities. They are made in the form of a plastic or metal (stainless steel) case with an ion-exchange material, and a container for a regenerating (salt) solution. The principle of operation is based on the passage of water through bulk filters, where it gets rid of hardness ions.

Different models of ion exchange filters differ in performance, the volume of working tanks and the components that are used as a filter media

Efficiency depends on the chemical parameters of water, filter material and room temperature. Main disadvantage such installations - in the complexity of maintenance, which requires the use of regenerating tanks, disposal of used components, and a small filter resource - about 200-800 liters.

Membrane (reverse osmosis) filter

The purification technology using membrane filters is based on the passage of water through a large area corrugated material with pores no larger than 3 microns. At the same time, the membrane filter keeps impurities on the surface without letting them in, which significantly increases the service life of the filter material.

Usually, the membrane filter is part of a multi-stage cleaning and is installed after the coarse cleaner and the carbon filter.

Water enters the membrane filter through the inlet pipe with sealing ring, using a high pressure pump. After passing through all stages of filtration, it is separated into permeate (highly purified water) and condensate (a solution of various impurities), which accumulates in the drainage collector.

The degree of filtration depends on the size of the pores in the membrane:

up to 1 micron - microfiltration;
up to 0.1 microns - ultrafiltration;
up to 0.01 microns - nanofiltration;
less than 0.001 microns - reverse osmosis.

Settings reverse osmosis have the highest degree water filtration - purifying it on molecular level, removing all microorganisms, salts of heavy metals, organic impurities. After passing through such a filter, only 20-30% of mineral substances remain in the water, it becomes slightly mineralized, which can be interpreted as both an advantage and a disadvantage.

Filter maintenance and cartridge replacement

Sediment filter maintenance involves periodic cleaning of the filter mesh. Before starting work, you need to turn off the tap, then unscrew the revision cover and remove the grid. The frequency of inspections depends on the quality of the water, on the degree of contamination. After cleaning, it is necessary to install the elements in place and check for leaks.

To avoid destruction of the filter elements, it is not recommended to use detergents containing solvent

To clean disc filters, they must be removed from the line, open the housing and remove the filter element. When the filter is removed, the latch that presses the discs to each other is loosened and they are unclenched. Further, all elements are washed, for more thorough cleaning the device is disassembled and cleaned with a brush or sponge.

It is possible to carry out automatic flushing without dismantling the internal elements by starting the flow of water in the direction opposite to the working one.

Cartridge filters made of polypropylene must be replaced after contamination. Manufacturers of different models on the packaging indicate the amount of water in liters that the device can clean. Objectively, the life of the filter depends on the condition of the water in the centralized water supply or an autonomous source. Therefore, he can serve up to six months. But if the water supply breaks or for other reasons, it can become clogged even in one day.

The need to replace the cartridge is assessed by its condition (degree of contamination). The signal may be a decrease in pressure in the water supply (+)

In reverse osmosis fine filters, the period for replacing replaceable elements depends on the type of filler. For pre-filters, it is half a year, for a carbon post-filter - a year, for a membrane - 2 - 2.5 years. In order to correctly place the replaceable elements, it is necessary to remember their initial location. Before you start drinking water from a new filter or cartridge, you must flush the system - drain the water after the first filling of the tank.

After a long downtime of the system, more than 3 months, and even after the replacement of replaceable elements, it is disinfected. If there is a rapid development of microorganisms in the filter and fouling of pre-filters, it is recommended to additionally install an ultraviolet lamp complete with a main pre-filter.

Installation rules for filtration devices

When installing multi-stage cleaning, the first stage is always a filter that performs coarse cleaning. When using several types of systems, first mount the device with a large micropressure. If you set filters different ways cleaning in the wrong sequence, they will not be able to fully perform the task.

Carry out the installation of filter devices before pumping equipment Not recommended. The exception is strainers with near zero resistance, which protect the pump from large debris.

The use of any other filters - iron removers, softeners, etc. - will lead to an increase in the load on pumping station and cause premature wear. Installation, adjustment and repair is carried out in the absence of pressure in the water supply.

Installation of sediment filters (mud collectors)

Oblique and straight sleeve filters are installed on horizontal sections of the water pipe exclusively in the direction of flow. Oblique filters can also be mounted on a vertical pipeline if the flow moves from top to bottom.

The flow direction must match the arrows marked on the filter. Incorrect installation will result in poor capacity and blockage of the pipeline (+)

The filter must not experience stress from vibration, bending, compression and stretching of the pipeline. When installing it, they achieve a uniform tightening of the fasteners, if necessary, mount compensators and supports that reduce the load. Correct location filter - revision cover down. For preventive maintenance, free space is provided under the device.

Mesh filters according to the tie-in method are divided into sleeve and flange. The first type is installed on pipes of small diameters, the second type is used for main water pipelines, interchanges in the plumbing system apartment buildings. On pipes with a diameter of up to two inches, threaded filters, the so-called Americans, are used.

How to install a reverse osmosis system

The filter is mounted in an easily accessible place on a horizontal section of a water pipe with a flask directed downwards. When installing a water meter, the filter must be placed in front of it.

A filter that cuts into the water supply may have varying degrees cleaning and filtering nature, washed manually or automatically

Installation is carried out in the following sequence:

Anaerobic sealant is applied to the connecting thread, filling all grooves with an even layer and leaving for 15 minutes to solidify.
Next, attach the fasteners to the filter, paying attention to the direction of water flow in the water supply.
Attaching the filter fixture to the wall, and making sure that the outlets of the device coincide with the position of the pipe, mark the places for the holes.
Holes are drilled and dowels are inserted, then, using self-tapping screws, a holder with a filter is screwed to the wall.
To connect the filter outlets to the line, cut the pipe and bend it to align its axis with the filter axis. To prevent the pipe from breaking when it is bent, a special conductor is inserted into the middle.
Then a compression ring and a nut are put on the pipe, the fitting is inserted (until it stops). The compression ring is pulled close to the fitting and the nut is tightened.
Connect the fitting to the filter and screw on the union nut, tightening it tightly with a wrench.

After installation, open the water, check for leaks. Shut-off valves are provided on both sides of the device for ease of repair and maintenance.

Connecting a reverse osmosis filter

Installation of the treatment system consists in assembling individual elements and does not require special tools. Therefore, even a person who has never done this will be able to conduct it.

The manufacturer recommends placing the filter under kitchen sink. To make it comfortable to collect filtered water, install a separate tap. To install it, you will have to drill a hole in the corner of the sink or on the countertop area near the sink.

IN standard equipment reverse osmosis system does not have a pump that would increase the pressure - if necessary, it is installed separately. Additionally, the system can be equipped with an ice maker and replaceable elements for more efficient removal fluorine, nitrates

The reverse osmosis filter is assembled as a constructor. Installation consists of the following steps:

installation of a drinking tap and connecting it to the filter;
connection to the cold water pipeline;
installation of a tank ball valve and a drainage clamp;
commissioning and flushing the system.

For good operation and performance of a reverse osmosis filter, it is necessary to ensure a normal pressure in the system. If the water pressure in the supply pipe does not exceed 2.8 bar, it is recommended to install a pressure booster pump. It is installed in front of the first filter in the break of the incoming tube. When using a pump, it is imperative to install a high pressure sensor - it automates the process of turning the equipment off and on.

The first level in a well-organized system of high-quality water filtration is a coarse filter. This is a small device designed to collect mechanical impurities and dirt particles contained in the fluid consumed. One of the types of such devices is a coarse water filter with different levels pollution. The equipment is very popular because it differs:

simple installation and easy maintenance;
affordable cost with sufficiently high efficiency;
wide model range devices - are made to purify water containing insoluble suspensions of various sizes. The grid is capable of retaining particles with a diameter of 50 to 500 microns.

Mesh devices can be used as independent filters or be an integral part of a high-quality filtration system. They effectively remove rust and sand from the water, foreign particles that got into it when the substance passes through rusty, overgrown with plaque and not repaired pipes. After cleaning the liquid from impurities and dirt particles, it does not become 100% drinkable, but the use of such water (without mechanical suspensions) is of particular consumer importance. A properly selected and installed water strainer improves the quality of the substance, which means:

protects water-heating and water-consuming equipment from premature failure;
reduces the intensity of clogging of fine filters;
reduces the cost of purchasing consumable filter elements;
increases performance characteristics filters of ultrafine cleaning and mineralization.

The advantage of the device for coarse water filtration is its versatility. Manufacturers produce different types mesh devices, the installation of which is carried out directly on the pipes of the water supply system. What types of mesh filters are there? How to choose a fixture?

The principle of operation of the strainer and its types

The main filtering element of the device is a mesh ( cylindrical shape) with transmissive cells of a certain diameter. It is usually enclosed in a stainless steel case, which can be equipped with a special plug in the form of a nut or a tap. The shape of the body resembles an elongated flask with branch pipes (flanges for easy and quick connection of the device) and a container for the spent substance (sump).

Installation of a water filter mesh is carried out at the water inlet to a house or apartment. The installation site is selected before the pipeline is routed to the water supply points. If water meters are provided, then the installation of the device is carried out in front of the meter. When the tap is opened, the substance passes through the pipes, overcoming an obstacle in the form of a mesh filter element. It traps all undissolved impurities with a diameter greater than the diameter of the transmission cell of the grid.

Since the operating conditions of the mesh filter element can be different, manufacturers offer several types of devices for coarse water treatment:

Oblique and direct mesh filters.

The division into straight and oblique devices is carried out according to the placement of the sump. In the first case, the container is located strictly down. That is, perpendicular to the flow of water. Them distinguishing feature- dimension. It takes a lot of work to install a straight strainer for coarse water. free space in the area under the pipe. But it is the increased dimensions of the vertical tank that provide better filtration. For oblique mesh filters, the container is placed at an angle to the water flow in the pipe. They are convenient to use on pipes that run near the floor or are laid vertically.

Clutch and flange filters-grids.

The partitioning was carried out according to the method of mounting the equipment on water pipe. Flanged devices are suitable for pipeline diameters over 2 inches (junctions, main systems, etc.). Their main advantage is simple and easy dismantling due to studs and bolts. The second type of fixture is suitable for pipes with a diameter of up to 2 inches. They are screwed onto the water supply, which complicates their dismantling.

Gryazeviki and filters with washing.

The separation of coarse filters is also carried out according to the method of cleaning the sump tank. Devices that are not subject to manual washing are mud collectors. These include oblique and some groups of direct filters. They are supplied with a special cover for ease of use. In direct filters, where the mesh for the coarse water filter is placed perpendicular to the water flow, a tap is provided to release the waste liquid.

Pros and cons of a coarse water filter mesh

Filters for coarse filtration of the substance are produced by many manufacturers. But devices adapted to complex operating conditions only a few brands offer:

Valtec;
honeywell;
ITAP and some others.

The same manufacturers put on the market and expendable materials to devices - a grid for the coarse filter and other elements. Of course, the degree of purification of the substance in such filtering equipment is quite low, but, taking into account the condition of the water supply systems in 87% of residential buildings, it is simply impossible to do without them. Mesh filters - cheap way purify water from mechanical particles undissolved in the liquid, which has a number of advantages:

no need to purchase optional equipment for maintenance and installation;
no skills are needed to install and clean the sump;
restoration of effective working capacity;
cheap components;
high indicators of environmental safety;
economy of service - replacement of a grid is carried out less often, than change of cartridges.

When buying a mesh filter, pay attention to the size of the cells of the element. For coarse cleaning, a 100 micron mesh is sufficient. Do not forget about the specifics of the location of the pipes and their diameter. Having decided on the parameters, you can make a purchase.

Located on your site - the quality of the water in it will still not be ideal. And in order to plumbing system was not contaminated with all sorts of impurities (from iron to sand and silt) - the installation of a cleaning system is relevant, which will prevent the ingress of dirt.

This will have a positive effect both on the taste and quality of drinking water, and on the condition of the equipment (boiler, washing machine, shut-off and control valves, pipeline), which also suffers from contaminated fluid. And the very first step in getting rid of impurities is to clean the water on a coarse filter.

1 Purpose and features of filters

As the name implies, a coarse filter is necessary to capture the largest suspensions that may be contained in the water entering the house (apartment). This is, first of all, sand, silt, various organic matter. For this reason, the device is installed at the very beginning of the cleaning system - in front of other types of filters..

Its installation is necessary for the following reasons:

the filter prevents solid suspensions from entering the plumbing and heating system;
the following filters (fine filters, aeration, iron removers, softeners) receive less load - due to the fact that fewer impurities simply reach them.

As a consequence of the first point, the ingress of dirt into the equipment is prevented:

inside the washing machine
toilet bowl;
water heater;
hydraulic accumulator;
cranes;
dishwashers.

Each of the devices listed above has a specific water quality requirement. For example, the installation of a washing machine (as well as dishwashers and boilers) should be carried out only if there is a filter - this item is separately indicated in the instructions.

Otherwise, the life of the washing machine is significantly reduced - since its device is quite complex, and solid impurities can damage individual parts.

Yes and normal water faucet in your kitchen, it is also unlikely to tolerate the presence of dirt in the water well - its shut-off and control device (ball with a hole) may become clogged or begin to open and close worse. This nuance is especially true for expensive devices - the same washing machine from some famous brand, first of all.

In addition, poor water quality can also harm meters - the purchase and installation of which is also expensive.

As for filters of a different type, their work (in the presence of a rough water treatment stage) is greatly simplified - since fewer impurities will enter them. As a result, you will have to change cartridges less often, which means saving.

In addition to being used in apartments and houses, the use of devices of this type is no less relevant in production facilities- industrial coarse filter in this case performs the same function:

2 Types of coarse filters

The filter device itself is extremely simple: in fact, it is a metal mesh that traps impurities from the water. It consists in a body (usually metal), which has an inlet and outlet pipe.

Below the nozzles is a part called a sump - a department where, in fact, filtration takes place. First, the speed of the water decreases in this part - which allows impurities to settle to the bottom of the hull, and not be carried away further. Then - the liquid passes through the mesh, which retains the dirt.

The design of the coarse filter may differ in a number of parameters that should be considered separately.

First of all, the material from which the mesh is made should be mentioned. Most often - it is steel, less often - bronze or brass. These strong connections resistant to mechanical damage and withstand pressure drops.

The difference is in the connection method - the filter can be mounted in the system by means of a coupling or flange connection. This difference is predetermined by the size of the pipe - with a diameter of 2 inches or more, a flange is used, if less, a coupling.

In this way, it is usually mounted industrial version, in other cases, threaded filters are used. Such household models are relevant for pipelines that run inside apartments and residential cottages. In this case, the installation can be carried out both directly with the pipe, and through the "American".

Pore size is the key quality parameter, affecting how well the filter can clean the water. How smaller size grid cells - so, of course, more dirt she can keep. For a coarse filter, this parameter varies from 50 to 400 microns.

According to the location of the sump, the products can also be divided into two categories:

Straight.
oblique.

In the first case, the sump is located perpendicular to the water flow, forming a T-shaped body with inlet and outlet pipes. Thanks to this solution, this department can be quite large. Therefore, a direct sump will be able to better clean the water passing through it.

The oblique design of the body is easy to determine visually - in this case, the sump is installed at an angle to the water flow. This reduces efficiency compared to a direct filter. Not much, of course - household filters of this type will also successfully cope with the task.

However, they are best used where the installation of a direct model is simply impossible - due to lack of free space (for example - when the pipeline runs too close to the floor or to another pipe).

One of the relatively new and very useful nuances there is also a way to clean the filter itself - after all, sooner or later the sump will overflow with accumulated dirt, which will need to be removed from there. In this regard, products are divided into two categories:

Sump.
Filter with flushing system.

The first option is non-flushing. This category includes oblique devices and some straight ones. In this case, the sump is closed with a removable cover - through which you can clean the device from dirt.

Its disadvantage is that cleaning in this case requires disassembling the device - the cover will first have to be unscrewed and then installed back.

The second option is more convenient - in this case, the body is equipped with a crane. Cleaning is extremely simple: the tap opens, and the sludge is drained into a substituted container.

On sale you can find an even more perfect option - a self-cleaning coarse filter. Such a device is equipped with two sensors - one is installed at the inlet, the second - at the outlet. By measuring the pressure, the sensors record its difference - if it decreases at the outlet (after cleaning), it means that the self-cleaning filter is dirty.

It is cleaned through a valve that opens and releases sediment. A self-cleaning filter is good because you do not have to monitor the condition of the node - it will automatically determine the need for cleaning and perform it.

The most famous representative producing such models is Honeywell. Honeywell filters are used most often in industry, however, for domestic tasks, the company also produces a number of models suitable for water supply.

Of course, Honeywell devices cost an order of magnitude more than more simple options- this, in fact, is their only drawback.

3 Rules for filter installation

Proper installation of the filter is an important issue (it does not matter which option will be installed - an ordinary cheap sump or an expensive self-cleaning one). Consider where and how to properly install this node:

Installation must be carried out before the counter.
The filter should be correctly positioned on a horizontal section (relevant only for straight models - oblique ones can also be installed on vertical segments of the pipeline).
Installation of an oblique filter is carried out with a sump down.
To correctly install the unit, pay attention to the direction of the arrow on the body: it must match the direction of fluid flow.

Alternatively, filters can be installed separately in front of each device. First of all, this is true for a washing machine and dishwasher - this technique is most demanding on the quality of the water used.

3.1 Filter cleaning steps

If you have a non-self-cleaning filter installed, the unit will require cleaning from time to time. You can clean it properly with my own hands. And this should be done regularly - otherwise the water pressure in the system will weaken.

The easiest way to clean is for devices that have a tap - in this case, just open it and drain the sludge into a substituted container. For mud workers, the procedure will be a little more complicated:

The water supply before and after the filter should be shut off.
It is required to unscrew the nuts on the filter cover (using an adjustable wrench).

Be prepared for the fact that when the fasteners are loosened, water will flow from under the cover. So before unscrewing the nuts, prepare some kind of container and substitute it under the filter.

After the water drains, you can remove the mesh from the filter. It should be cleaned of rust, plaque, scale - simply by washing under running water. After that, you can rinse the filter itself - by slightly opening the tap on the water supply. Then you can install the grid in place and tighten the cover.

3.2 Stages of disassembling the coarse filter (video)

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